浅谈对于专科学生的英美文学教学(一)（精选合集）

第一篇：浅谈对于专科学生的英美文学教学(一)

浅谈对于专科学生的英美文学教学(一)摘要]本文主要探讨了英美文学教学代写论文对于大专生综合素质的培养的重要性，专科英语专业教学中引入英美文学课程的作用，改造文学课程的教学方法和教学手段。关键词]英美文学教学综合素质文学欣赏

一、英美文学教学与大专生综合素质的培养

高等教育的本质是培养学生的综合素质，除了专业素质以外,还应包括道德、科学文化、心理多方面的素质,而文学课在培养、提高以上素质过程中是不可或缺的。文学作品的赏析在英语教学中有着重要的作用。通过阅读和分析英美文学作品,促进学生语言基本功能和人文素质的提高,增强学生对西方文学及文化的了解。1.英美文学能够促进学生语言技能的提高。文学语言是艺术的语言,是语言大师经过雕琢的语言,具有形象生动、精美凝练、典雅深邃的特点,是学生学习和模仿语言的最好材料。学生在阅读学习英美文学作品时,能够巩固他们已经习得的语言知识,进一步养成对英语的敏感性,从而增强他们应用英语语言的能力。

2.英美文学能够提高学生的人文素质。英美文学名著这些艺术珍品以新颖独特的艺术形式,栩栩如生的人物形象,多姿多彩的艺术技巧,荡人心魄的艺术魅力,不仅孕育着我们的审美意识,培养提高着我们的审美能力,更重要的是使学生获得一种审美经验,形成一种审美个性,构筑起学生诗意心灵世界。所以,英美文学教学不是讲解一部小说的故事情节和人物特征,也不是对艺术特点作静态分析,而是把这些静态的材料放进文学的美的语境中引发出动态的、有生命的力量。让学生在哈姆雷特、麦克白的优美独白中体会生存和死亡,思考人生的意义；在罗狄克和施曼娜对爱情与责任的选择中,探讨人生的一些根本问题。这样,英美文学教学才能在人才培养中,起到全面提升学生素质的重要作用。

3.文学作品不仅是语言综合运用的典范,更是一种文化的集中体现。英美文学作品无疑反映了英美文化的价值观和世界观,它们完全迥异于中国文化。通过英美文学教学研习异域文化,领略异域文化风采,可以开阔胸襟,逐渐培养学生的文化宽容精神。例如,威廉．福克纳的系列小说，描写了南方盛衰的历史及新旧文明的冲突，被称为美国内战后南方礼仪、道德、风俗、习惯、信仰与价值观诸方面的百科全书。

二、专科英语专业教学中引入英美文学的作用

在专科英语专业教学中引入英美文学可以调动学生学习英语的兴趣。兴趣是学习的原动力之一。有了兴趣,学习也就会充满乐趣,效果也会明显。现在专科英语专业的教材多为实用性内容,这些内容相对比较枯燥、乏味,死记硬背的多,触动心灵的少,很难激起学生的学习兴趣。文学作品则不同。文学作品的内容与形式丰富多彩,引人入胜。文学作品不仅有大量活生生的语言现象,更有曲折的故事情节和悬念。即便在文学欣赏初期,学生在追寻故事情节的同时,也在不知不觉中提高了自身的英文水平，了解了英美文化。在提升学生英文水平方面主要有以下三方面体现：在语言层面上，学生可以通过作家的文学作品了解他们经常采用了一系列的写作手段,如用典故、双关、倒装，等等修辞手法。在语篇层面上，读者会自然而然地从总体上把握文本,避免了语言层面的局限,渐入欣赏佳境,为最后的审美层面作好铺垫与过渡。在审美层面上，读者会在语言和语篇的基础之上,对欣赏进一步深化，在总体上和宏观上对文学文本有所感悟。

三、文学课程的教学方法和教学手段 1.合理选择教材

有效的教授英美文学的关键之一在于文学作品的选择。“如果一篇文章在语言和文学层次上都非常难以理解的话,那么它对我们并没有多少益处。”相对于本科英语专业而言,专科英语专业的学生英语基础较弱,课时较少。针对这一特点,笔者认为在教材的选择上应该偏重于近现代的英美文学作品；文学作品中所推崇的科学、民主和创新精神对学生也会有很大的影响。英美文学课程的开设将对学生人文精神、道德修养、文化素质和创新精神的培养起到意想不到的作用。

第二篇：英美文学名词解释(一)

1.Allegory: A tale in verse or prose in which characters, actions, or settings represent abstract ideas or moral qualities.An allegory is a story with two meanings, a literal meaning and a symbolic meaning.2.Alliteration: The repetition of the initial consonant sounds in poetry.3.Allusion: A reference to a person, a place, an event, or a literary work that a writer expects the reader to recognize and respond to.An allusion may be drawn from history, geography, literature, or religion.4.American Naturalism: American naturalism was a new and harsher realism.American naturalism had been shaped by the war;by the social upheavals that undermined the comforting faith of an earlier age.America’s literary naturalists dismissed the validity of comforting moral truths.They attempted to achieve extreme objectivity and frankness, presenting characters of low social and economic classes who were determined by their environment and heredity.In presenting the extremes of life, the naturalists sometimes displayed an affinity to the sensationalism of early romanticism, but unlike their romantic predecessors, the naturalists emphasized that the world was amoral, that men and women had no free will, that lives were controlled by heredity and environment, that the destiny of humanity was misery in life and oblivion in death.Although naturalist literature described the world with sometimes brutal realism, it sometimes also aimed at bettering the world through social reform.5.American Puritanism: Puritanism is the practices and beliefs of the Puritans.The Puritans were originally members of a division of the Protestant Church.The first settlers who became the founding fathers of the American nation were quite a few of them.They

were a group of serious, religious people, advocating highly religious and moral principles.As the word itself hints, Puritans wanted to purity their religious beliefs and practices.They accepted the doctrine of predestination, original sin and total depravity, and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace form God.As a culture heritage, Puritanism did have a profound influence on the early American mind.American Puritanism also had a enduring influence on American literature.6.American Realism: In American literature, the Civil War brought the Romantic Period to an end.The Age of Realism came into existence.It came as a reaction against the lie of romanticism and sentimentalism.Realism turned from an emphasis on the strange toward a faithful rendering of the ordinary, a slice of life as it is really lived.It expresses the concern for commonplace and the low, and it offers an objective rather than an idealistic view of human nature and human experience.7.American Romanticism: The Romantic Period covers the first half of the 19th century.A rising America with its ideals of democracy and equality, its industrialization, its westward expansion, and a variety of foreign influences were among the important factors which made literary expansion and expression not only possible but also inevitable in the period immediately following the nation’s political independence.Yet, romantics frequently shared certain general characteristics: moral enthusiasm, faith in value of individualism and intuitive perception, and a presumption that the natural world was a source of goodness and man’s societies a source of corruption.Romantic values were prominent in American politics, art, and philosophy until the Civil War.The romantic exaltation of the individual suited the nation’s revolutionary heritage and its

frontier egalitarianism.8.American Transcendentalism: Transcendentalists terroras from the romantic literature of Europe.They spoke for cultural rejuvenation and against the materialism of Americagogopirit, or the Oversoul, as the most important thing in the Universe.They stressed the importance of the individual.To them, the individual was the most important element of society.They offered a fresh perception of nature as symbolic of the Spirit or God.Nature was, to them, alive, filled with God’s overwhelming presence.Transcendentalism is based on the belief that the most fundamental truths about life and death can be reached only by going beyond the world of the senses.Emerson’s Nature has been called the “Manifesto of American Transcendentalism” and his The American Scholar has been rightly regarded as America’s “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”.9.Analogy:(a figure of speech)A comparison made between tow things to show the similarities between them.Analogies are often used for illustration or for argument.10.Anapest抑抑扬: It’s made up of two unstressed and one stressed syllables, with the two unstressed ones in front.11.Antagonist: A person or force opposing the protagonist in a narrative;a rival of the hero or heroine.12.Antithesis:(a figure of speech)The balancing of two contrasting ideas, words phrases, or sentences.An antithesis is often expressed in a balanced sentence, that is, a sentence in which identical or similar grammatical structure is used to express contrasting ideas.13.Aphorism: A concise, pointed statement expressing a wise or clever observation about

life.14.Apostrophe顿呼法: A figure of speech in which an absent or a dead person, an abstract quality, or something nonhuman is addressed directly.15.Argument: A form of discourse in which reason is used to influence or change people’s idea or actions.Writers practice argument most often when writing nonfiction, particularly essays or speeches.16.Aside: In drama, lines spoken by a character in an undertone or directly to the audience.An aside is meant to be heard by the other characters onstage.17.Assonance: The repetition of similar vowel sounds, especially in poetry.Assonance is often employed to please the ear or emphasize certain sounds.18.Atmosphere: The prevailing mood or feeling of a literary work.Atmosphere is often developed, at least in part, through descriptions of setting.Such descriptions help to create an emotional climate for the werrors to establish the reader’s expectations and attitudes.19.Autobiography: A person’s account of his or her own life.An autobiography is generally written in narrative form and includes some introspection.20.Ballad: A story told in verse and usually meant to be sung.In many countries, the folk ballad was one of the earliest forms of literature.Folk ballads have no known authors.They were transmitted orally from generation to generation and were not set down in writing until centuries after they were first sung.The subject matter of folk ballads stems from the everyday life of the common people.Devices commonly used in ballads are the refrain, incremental repetition, and code language.A later form of ballad is the literary

ballad, which imitates the style of the folk ballad.

第三篇：英美文学教学

模式，提出了将名著改编电影具体用于英美文学教学的具 体方式方法，使之既有利于深化理解经典名著，又有利于提 高学生的英语水平。

关键词：名著；电影；英美文学；教学

英美文学课是我国高等学校英语专业开设的一门必修

课。虽然各高校英美文学课的授课方式各异，但基本上都是 采用主要讲授文学史、文学选读或文学史与文学选读相结合 这三种模式。无论采用哪一模式，经典文学名著的学习都是 必不可少的。由于大部分的名著篇幅较长、语言难度较大、涉 及的文化背景较多，学生要真正做到对原文的全面、深入理 解绝非易事。于是，一些英美文学教师和学习者将注意力转 向了由英美文学名著改编而成的电影，希冀通过观看电影加 强对文学作品的理解。这在一定程度上对于理解原著是有一 定帮助的，但我们必须看到，观看电影并不能代替阅读原著。诚然，他山之石，可以攻玉，但首先应该处理好石和玉之间的 关系。对于英美文学教学而言，理解、欣赏原版文学名著是 玉，观赏由名著改编的电影则是石。也就是说，电影在英美文 学教学中可以起到一定的有益作用，但绝不能舍本逐末。在 教学实践中，如果教师能有效利用电影这一载体，扬长避短、趋利避害，无疑对提高英美文学的教学质量会有很大帮助。在英美文学课上利用电影促进教学可以采用以下几种 方式：

1.课堂上放映整部影片。这种方式应主要用于理解、分析 文学史上一些最伟大作家的最伟大作品，要尽可能采用第一 种类型即移植型的改编电影。放映整部电影一般耗时较长，可用两次课的时间来完成。教师应在放映电影前向学生介绍 作者和作品所反映的时代精神等方面的知识。学生在观看影 片前应对原作的基本故事情节有所了解，最好能通读原著，这样可以更好地通过影片加深对原著的理解。教师还应预先 设计一些相关问题，在学生看完影片后加以讨论研究。但是，由于学时的限制，在具体教学过程中不宜过多采用这种方 式，每个学期有一两次就可以了。

2.课堂上讲授文学作品的相关知识，简单介绍作品的背

景和人物，要求学生利用课余时间观看影片。可以由班级组 织集体观看，也可以让学生自行观看。这种方式的好处是既 不占用正常的上课时间，又有助于增进学生对作品的理解。教师在课堂上也应布置相应的思考题，让学生带着问题来观 看影片。这种方式最好选择移植型或再解释型的改编电影。如果采用第二种类型，应该提醒学生注意影片在何种程度上 对原作进行了艺术性的加工，让学生思考这种改动的目的是 什么。学生看过影片后，教师应在下次课上进行简短的提问 和总结，以巩固学生的学习效果。

3.将影片的部分精彩片段制作成简短的电影剪辑，在授

课过程中根据需要进行播放。这种方式大都运用在使用多媒

体进行教学的英美文学课堂上，对教学硬件有一定的要求。在高等教育得到日新月异大发展的今天，各个高等院校都非 常重视利用多媒体技术进行教学，教师运用多媒体技术辅助 教学的能力也提高很快，故而这种方式值得提倡。在英美文 学的教学过程中，无论是讲授文学史还是文学选读，利用多 媒体技术穿插播放一些电影剪辑都可以调动和吸引学生的 注意力，激发学生的学习积极性和主动性，进而培养学生学习文学的兴趣。制作电影剪辑可以使用以上提到的三种类型 改编电影的任何一种，但制作的剪辑一定是在原作中具有代 表性并尽可能忠实于原作的。运用电影剪辑这种教学方式具 有很多优势，占用时间少、学生课堂上注意力更为集中，积极 性与参与性也更强，往往可以事半功倍，达到理想的教学效 果。

电影与文学作品虽有很大区别（例如电影侧重外部语言

和动作，小说侧重叙事和描写；电影要考虑到票房收入、观众 心理、愉悦功能等），但只要选材得当、运用得法，电影这门表 现艺术是完全可以促进英美文学教学的。在英美文学课上适 时运用电影教学，又可以反过来提高学生的听说能力和文化 理解力，提高学生的实用英语水平。但是，如果不加以正确引 导，盲目地让学生过多观看名著改编的电影，又容易使学生 养成惰性，忽视对文学作品的阅读。毕竟观看电影要比阅读 作品轻松得多。因此，他山之石，若要攻玉，首先要求作为匠 人的英美文学教师要选好石，并且使用科学的方法，才能真 正实现攻玉的目的。

参考文献：

[1]王松林、李洪琴.电影的文学性、文化性与英美文学教 学.外语与外语教学，2003（9）。

[2]刘苹苹.英文原版电影与英美文学教学.电影评介，2008

（5）。

[3]谢遐均.多媒体在外语教学中的几种应用模式.教学 与管理，2005（18）。

[4]刘仪华.高校英美文学与影视辅助教学.电影评介，2006

（10）。

[5]田俊武、李群英.电影的越界和现当代美国文学.文艺 理论与批评，2006（6）。

他山之石何以攻玉

———浅论如何利用名著改编电影促进英美文学教学 刘英杰

（长春大学外国语学院）

第四篇：英美文学

A summery of first two lessons

From the previous classes, we＇ve essentially get an brief idea of some basic knowledge about the United Kingdom.The main knowledge points can be concluded as follows:

The full name of the complicated country is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.Britain is no longer an imperial country, though its past has huge effects.The two main effects respectively lie in Britain＇international relationships and the make-up of the British population.UK, as a multiracial society, has the remarkable class regional and economic differences.London, the capital and the largest city, is dominant in the UK in all fields.England, the largest in geography and population of the four nations, dominant in culture and economy.A British invasions history which experiences from stages.Scotland, the most confident of its own identity, has spent a history as a unified state independent of the UK.Scotland joined the Union by agreement of the English and Scottish parliament.A brief introduction to Wales.Northern Ireland has an active cultural life but has its problems because of the conflicts and the influence of UK.Irish desires for an indepent Irish state all the time, therefore issues accurred in frequent succession.The Home Rule Bill, the East Rising of 1916 and the Sinn Fein Party made Irish independent.There exists religious conflicts between the Irish and the British because of the ethnical distinction.British government organised a partition of Ireland as a compromise.More violent campaign, IRA＇s violence and Bloody Sunday.In order to halt the terrible conflicts, Ireland and Great Britain aim to cooperate with each other and arrive at a resolution.Finally, the Good Friday Agreement was emerged.Learning first two lessons has laid a good foundation for our further study on the following lessons.I＇m looking forward to comprehend more knowledge about British politics, economy, culture and foreign relations and so on.

第五篇：英美文学

severalfamous sonnets – a powerful expose of social evils

of the poet’s age,– on steadfast love

Artistic achievement profound in their moral depth and more complex in their expressed feelings.University witsa group of talented youngdramatists

Christopher Marlowe(1564-1593)

One of the “University wits”

The greatest tragedy playwright before William Shakespeare

His masterwork: Doctor Faustus(1604)(P75-76)

Doctor Faustus(1604)

Doctor Faustus’s contract with Lucifer, a devil.His twenty four year long life in an exchange for some magic power:

----playing tricks upon the Pope(The bishop of Rome and head of the Roman Catholic Church on earth.);

---calling for the spirit of Alexander the Great(the emperor ofMacedonia)and it appears;Doctor Faustus(1604)

---having succeeded in having Helen, the beauty of ancient Troy, as his wife.Finally, Doctor Faustus is sent to hell because of the deadly sin has damned both his body and his soul.Doctor Faustus(1604)

Analysis of the hero: Doctor Faustus

Knowledgeable, but having blind faith in human intellect;

Ambitious and proud: A passionate seeker for

power, which comes from forbidden knowledge.Doctor Faustus’s Biblical source:

The fall of Adam and Eve

William Shakespeare

He is the author of 37 plays, but we are not certain of his life story until now.Drama: his career may be dividedinto four periods.(P78)

---Comedies in the four periods

---Tragedies in the four periods

Plot of Four Great Tragedies(P86-P87)Othello:

---Othello: a capable general in Venice

---Desdemonon: a strong-minded, beautiful girl

---Iago: one of the officers under Othello

Reasons for the tragedy:

jealousy

Plot of Four Great Tragedies(P86-P87)Macbeth:

---Macbeth: to commit murder in order to become king knowing he will be the king of Scotland from the witch

---lady Macbeth: to encourage her husband

---Duncan: king of Scotand who was murdered by Macbeth

Reasons for the tragedy :ambition, lust for power

Plot of Four Great Tragedies(P86-P87)King Lear:

---King Lear: a wish to divide his kingdom and give it to his daughters

---Goneril and Regan: his two elder daughters who flatter him

---Cordelia: his youngest daughter who speaks her true mind but loves her father most

Reasons for the tragedy: Misjudgment

Hamlet

Leading characters:

Hamlet : the Prince of Denmark

King Hamlet: Father of the Prince, wecan only see his ghost

Claudius: Hamlet’s uncle, now the King

Gertrude: Hamlet’s mother, and the Queen of Denmark. Polonius:Ophelia’s father, the King’s trusted courtier

Laertes: Ophelia’s brother, Polonius’s son

Hamlet

Act 1:

Old Hamlet’sghost told Hamlet a tale of

horror.There has been murder andadultery;and the Ghost demands revenge for his wrongs.Hamlet makes a promise to revenge for his father’s death before the Ghostleaves.Act 2:

To dull his uncle’s vigilance, Hamlet pretends to go mad.However, his madness is taken by Polonius, an old courtier who is loyal to Claudius , to an emotionaldisturbance due to his passion for Ophelia, daughter of Polonius.At this moment, a company of playersvisits the castle, and Hamlet will have a play acted, which resembles the late king’s murder.Act 3:

The guilty Claudius starts up in fear before the play ends, and goes out.Gertrude sends Hamlet to her chamber, where he reveals Claudius’s baseness and expresses his indignation at her hasty marriage with Claudius, which renders the queen heart-broken.Then Hamlet becomes aware that he is being overheard in the conversation.Thinking it is Claudius that is in hiding, he runs his sword through the arras but finds the eavesdropper thus killed to be Polonius.Before he parts from his mother, Hamlet refers to the King’s decision to send him to England.Act4:

The king now determines to kill Hamlet.He sends Hamlet to England, intending to have him killed there.But pirates capture Hamlet and send him back to Denmark again.Heart-broken at the death of her father, Ophelia goes mad and then is drowned in a stream.Hamlet returns just at the time of her funeral.In the grave-yard he has a quarrel with Laertes, Ophelia’s brother.Laertes vows to avenge the death of his father and sister.Act 5:

With Laertes, Claudius conspires to do away with Hamlet.The kings arranges that Laertes is to challenge Hamlet to a friendly duel andkill him with a poisoned rapier.In the duel, Laertes wounds Hamlet but is himself struck with the same poisoned weapon.Before death, Laertes reveals the plot.The queen, at this moment, has drunk from a poisoned cup intended for Hamlet.Hamlet, in a passion, stabs the King, and then dies through his poisoned wound, giving the election to the crown to young Fortinbras, the prince of Norway.