第一篇：英美文学部分
英美文学
B41 ．The English Renaissance period was an age of
A.poetry and drama.B.drama and novel.C.novel and poetry.D.romance and poetry.42.In Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice，Antonio could not pay back the money he borrowed from Shy-
lock，because
A.his money was all invested in the newly-emerging textile industry.B.his enterprise went bankrupt.C.Bassanio was able to pay his own debt.D.his ships had all been lost.43 ．In English poetry，a four-line stanza is called
A.heroic couplet.B.quatrain.C.Spenserian stanza.D.terza rima.44.The 18th century witnessed a new literary form-the modern English novel，which，contrary to the
medieval romance，gives a＿presentation of life of the common people.A.romanticB.realisticC.propheticD.idealistic 45 ．As a whole，＿is one of the most effective and devastating criticisms and satires of all aspects
in the then English and European life-socially，politically，religiously，philosophically，scientifi-cally，and morally.A.Moll FlandersB.Gulliver’s Travels
C.Pilgrim’s ProgressD.The School for Scandal
46.Which of the following works best represents the national spirit of the 18th-century England?
A.Robinson CrusoeB.Gulliver’s Travels
C.Jonathan Wild the GreatD.A Sentimental journey
．Shelley’s masterpiece，Prometheus Unbound，is a verse drama，which borrows the basic story from
A.the BibleB.a German legend
C.a Greek playD.One Thousand and One Nights
48.In the first part of the novel Pride and Prejudice，Mr.Darcy has a（n)＿of the Bennet family.A.high opinionB.great admirationC.low opinionD.erroneous view
49.In Byron’s poem“Song for the Luddites，”the word“Luddite“ refers to the
A.workers who destroyed the machines in their protest against unemployment.B.rising bourgeoisie who fights against the aristocratic class.C.descendents of the ancient king，Lud.D.poor country people who suffered under the rule of the landlord class.50.Mr.Micawber in David Copperfield and Sam Well in Pickwick Paper's are perhaps the best＿characters created by Charles Dickens.A.comicB.tragicC.roundD.sophisticated
B51 ．A typical Forsyte，according to John Galsworthy，is a man with a strong sense
of＿，who never pays any attention to human feelings.A.justiceB.humorC.moralityD.property
C52 ．Linguistically，compared with the writings of Mark Twain，Henry James’s fiction
is noted for his
A.frontier vernacular.B.rich colloquialism.C.vulgarly descriptive words.D.refined elegant language.A53．Which of the following statements about Washington Irving is NOT true?
A.Literary imagination should breed in a land rich in the past culture.B.He is preoccupied with the Calvinistic view of original sin and the mystery of evil.C.His stories are among the best of the American literature.D.Some of his works are based on the materials of the European legendary tales.D 54 ．Which of the following is NOT one of the main ideas advocated by Emerson，the
chief spokesman of New England Transcendentalism?
A.As an individual，man is divine and can develop and improve himself infinitely.B.Nature exercises a healthy and restorative influence on human beings.C.There exists an emotional communication between an individual soul and the
universal“Over-soul.”
D.Evil and sin are ever present in human heart and will pass on from one generation
to“another.”
B55 ．Whitman’s poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT
A.the strict poetic form.B.the free and natural rhythm.C.the easy flow of feelings.D.the simple and conversational language.56.Which of the following works best illustrates the Calvinistic view of original sing
A.Stowe’s Uncle Ton’，CabinB.James’s The Portrait of a Lady.C.Hemingway’s A Farewell to ArmsD.Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter.57 ．Beside symbolism，all the following qualities EXCEPT＿are fused to make
Melville’s Moby-Dick a world classic．
A.narrative powerB.psychological analysis
C.speculative agilityD.optimistic view of life
C58 ．The raft with which Huck and Jim make their voyage down the Mississippi River
may symbolize all the following EXCEPT
A.a return to nature.B.an escape from evils，injustices，and corruption of the civilized society.C.the American society in the early 19th century.D.a small world where people of different colors can live friendly and happily.D59 ．Emily Grierson，the protagonist in Faulkner’s story“A Rose for Emily，”can be
regarded as a symbol for all the following qualities EXCEPT
A.old values.B.rigid ideas of social status.C.bigotry and eccentricity.D.harmony and inte护ty.B60.As a Modernist poet，Pound is noted for his active involvement in the
A.cubist school of modern painting.B.Imagist Movement.C.stream-of-consciousness technique.D.German Expressionism.61 ．The statement that a boy’s night journey to an Indian village to witness the violence
of both birth and death provides all the possibilities of a learning experience may well sum
up the major theme of
A.Faulkner’s story“A Rose for Emily”
B.Hemingway’s story“Indian Camp“．
C.Irving’s story“The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”．
D.James’s story“Daisy Miller“．
62.Which of the following plays by 0’Neill can be read autobiographically?
A.The Hairy ApeB.The Emperor Jones
C.The Iceman ComethD.Long Day’s Journey Into Night
．According to Mark Twain，in river towns up and down the Mississippi，it was every
boy’s dream to
some day grow up to be
A.Methodist preacher.B.a justice of the peace.C.a riverboat pilot.D.a pirate on the Indian ocean.64 ．Literature of Neoclassicism is different from that of Romanticism in that
A.the former celebrates reason，rationality，order and instruction while the latter sees
literature as an expression of an individual’s feeling and experiences.B.the former is heavily religious but the latter secular.C.the former is an intellectual movement the purpose of which is to arouse the middle
class for political rights while the latter is concerned with the personal cultivation.D.the former advocates the“return to nature” whereas the latter turns to the ancient
Greek and Roman writers for its models.65.“Surface“，“Sneerwell”，“Backbite“，and“Candour” are most likely the names of the
characters in
A.Shaw’s Mrs Warren’s Profession
B.Sheridan’s The School for Scandal
C.Shakespeare’s Love’s Labour’s Lost
D.Christopher Marlowe’s Dr.Faustus
66.Tess of the D’Urbervilles，one of Thomas Hardy’s best known一 novels，portrays
man as
A.being hereditarily either good or bad.B.being self-sufficient.C.having no control over his own fate.D.still retaining his own faith in a world of confusion.67 ．Which of the following brings LITTLE impact on the development of 20th century
literature？
A.Friedrich Nietzche’s assertions：“God is dead“
B.Arther Schopenharuer’s and Henry Bergson’s philosophical ideas of irrationality.C ．Oscar Wilde’s idea of“Art for Art’s Sake”．
D.Freudian-Jungian psycho-analysis
．The term tone in literature means
A.sound effect such as rhyme and metrical device.B.the pitch of a word used to determine its meaning in the given context.C.the manner of expression to indicate the speaker’s attitude towards the subject.D.a shade of colour to reflect the change of the light.69 ．James Joyce is the author of all the following novels except
A.Dubliners.B.Jude the Obscure.C.A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man.D.Ulysses.70.We can perhaps summarize that Walt Whitman’s poems are characterized by all the
following features except that they are
A.conversational and crude.B.lyrical and well一structured.C ．wimple and rather crude.D.free-flowing.71 ．Who exerts the single most important influence on literary naturalism，of which
Theodore Dreiser and Jack London are among the best representative writers
A.FreudB.Darwin.C.W.D.Howells.D.Emerson
72．Mark Twain，one of the greatest 19th century American writers，is well known for his
A.international theme.B.waste-land imagery.C.local color.D.symbolism.73 ．The period before the American Civil War is commonly referred to as
A.the Romantic Period.B.the Realistic Period.C．the Naturalist Period.D.the Modern
Period.74 ．Most of Herman Melville’s novels are based on sea voyages and sea adventures.Which of the follow ing is not the case?
A.Typee.B.Moby-Dick.C.Omoo.D.The Confidence-Man
．In Henry James’Daisy Miller，the author tries to portray the young woman as an
embodiment of
A.the force of convention.B.the free spirit of the New World.C.the decline of aristocracy.D.the corruption of the newly rich.D76.Which of the following is not a work of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s?
A.The House of the Seven Gables.B.The Blithedale Romance.C.The Marble Falun.D.White Jacket.C 77 ．Besides sketches，tales and essays，Washington Irving also published a book on＿
＿，which is
also considered an important part of his creative writing.A.poetic theoryB ．French art
C.history of New YorkD.life of George Washington
A78 ．In Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby，there are detailed descriptions of big parties.The
purpose of such descriptions is so show
A.emptiness of life.B.the corruption of the upper class.C.contrast of the rich and the poor.D.the happy days of the Jazz Age.79 ．In American literature，escaping from the society and returning to nature is a common
subject.The following titles are all related，in one way or another，to the subject except
A.Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.B.Dreiser’s Sister Carrie.C.Copper’s Leather-Stocking Tales.D.Thoreau’s Walden.D80.Emily Dickinson wrote many short poems on various aspects of life.Which of the
following is not a usual subject of her poetic expression?
A.Religion.B.Life and death.C.Love and marriage.D.War and peace.l鬓蒸 NB
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第二篇：英美文学
A summery of first two lessons
From the previous classes, we＇ve essentially get an brief idea of some basic knowledge about the United Kingdom.The main knowledge points can be concluded as follows:
The full name of the complicated country is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.Britain is no longer an imperial country, though its past has huge effects.The two main effects respectively lie in Britain＇international relationships and the make-up of the British population.UK, as a multiracial society, has the remarkable class regional and economic differences.London, the capital and the largest city, is dominant in the UK in all fields.England, the largest in geography and population of the four nations, dominant in culture and economy.A British invasions history which experiences from stages.Scotland, the most confident of its own identity, has spent a history as a unified state independent of the UK.Scotland joined the Union by agreement of the English and Scottish parliament.A brief introduction to Wales.Northern Ireland has an active cultural life but has its problems because of the conflicts and the influence of UK.Irish desires for an indepent Irish state all the time, therefore issues accurred in frequent succession.The Home Rule Bill, the East Rising of 1916 and the Sinn Fein Party made Irish independent.There exists religious conflicts between the Irish and the British because of the ethnical distinction.British government organised a partition of Ireland as a compromise.More violent campaign, IRA＇s violence and Bloody Sunday.In order to halt the terrible conflicts, Ireland and Great Britain aim to cooperate with each other and arrive at a resolution.Finally, the Good Friday Agreement was emerged.Learning first two lessons has laid a good foundation for our further study on the following lessons.I＇m looking forward to comprehend more knowledge about British politics, economy, culture and foreign relations and so on.
第三篇：英美文学
severalfamous sonnets – a powerful expose of social evils
of the poet’s age,– on steadfast love
Artistic achievement profound in their moral depth and more complex in their expressed feelings.University witsa group of talented youngdramatists
Christopher Marlowe(1564-1593)
One of the “University wits”
The greatest tragedy playwright before William Shakespeare
His masterwork: Doctor Faustus(1604)(P75-76)
Doctor Faustus(1604)
Doctor Faustus’s contract with Lucifer, a devil.His twenty four year long life in an exchange for some magic power:
----playing tricks upon the Pope(The bishop of Rome and head of the Roman Catholic Church on earth.);
---calling for the spirit of Alexander the Great(the emperor ofMacedonia)and it appears;Doctor Faustus(1604)
---having succeeded in having Helen, the beauty of ancient Troy, as his wife.Finally, Doctor Faustus is sent to hell because of the deadly sin has damned both his body and his soul.Doctor Faustus(1604)
Analysis of the hero: Doctor Faustus
Knowledgeable, but having blind faith in human intellect;
Ambitious and proud: A passionate seeker for
power, which comes from forbidden knowledge.Doctor Faustus’s Biblical source:
The fall of Adam and Eve
William Shakespeare
He is the author of 37 plays, but we are not certain of his life story until now.Drama: his career may be dividedinto four periods.(P78)
---Comedies in the four periods
---Tragedies in the four periods
Plot of Four Great Tragedies(P86-P87)Othello:
---Othello: a capable general in Venice
---Desdemonon: a strong-minded, beautiful girl
---Iago: one of the officers under Othello
Reasons for the tragedy:
jealousy
Plot of Four Great Tragedies(P86-P87)Macbeth:
---Macbeth: to commit murder in order to become king knowing he will be the king of Scotland from the witch
---lady Macbeth: to encourage her husband
---Duncan: king of Scotand who was murdered by Macbeth
Reasons for the tragedy :ambition, lust for power
Plot of Four Great Tragedies(P86-P87)King Lear:
---King Lear: a wish to divide his kingdom and give it to his daughters
---Goneril and Regan: his two elder daughters who flatter him
---Cordelia: his youngest daughter who speaks her true mind but loves her father most
Reasons for the tragedy: Misjudgment
Hamlet
Leading characters:
Hamlet : the Prince of Denmark
King Hamlet: Father of the Prince, wecan only see his ghost
Claudius: Hamlet’s uncle, now the King
Gertrude: Hamlet’s mother, and the Queen of Denmark. Polonius:Ophelia’s father, the King’s trusted courtier
Laertes: Ophelia’s brother, Polonius’s son
Hamlet
Act 1:
Old Hamlet’sghost told Hamlet a tale of
horror.There has been murder andadultery;and the Ghost demands revenge for his wrongs.Hamlet makes a promise to revenge for his father’s death before the Ghostleaves.Act 2:
To dull his uncle’s vigilance, Hamlet pretends to go mad.However, his madness is taken by Polonius, an old courtier who is loyal to Claudius , to an emotionaldisturbance due to his passion for Ophelia, daughter of Polonius.At this moment, a company of playersvisits the castle, and Hamlet will have a play acted, which resembles the late king’s murder.Act 3:
The guilty Claudius starts up in fear before the play ends, and goes out.Gertrude sends Hamlet to her chamber, where he reveals Claudius’s baseness and expresses his indignation at her hasty marriage with Claudius, which renders the queen heart-broken.Then Hamlet becomes aware that he is being overheard in the conversation.Thinking it is Claudius that is in hiding, he runs his sword through the arras but finds the eavesdropper thus killed to be Polonius.Before he parts from his mother, Hamlet refers to the King’s decision to send him to England.Act4:
The king now determines to kill Hamlet.He sends Hamlet to England, intending to have him killed there.But pirates capture Hamlet and send him back to Denmark again.Heart-broken at the death of her father, Ophelia goes mad and then is drowned in a stream.Hamlet returns just at the time of her funeral.In the grave-yard he has a quarrel with Laertes, Ophelia’s brother.Laertes vows to avenge the death of his father and sister.Act 5:
With Laertes, Claudius conspires to do away with Hamlet.The kings arranges that Laertes is to challenge Hamlet to a friendly duel andkill him with a poisoned rapier.In the duel, Laertes wounds Hamlet but is himself struck with the same poisoned weapon.Before death, Laertes reveals the plot.The queen, at this moment, has drunk from a poisoned cup intended for Hamlet.Hamlet, in a passion, stabs the King, and then dies through his poisoned wound, giving the election to the crown to young Fortinbras, the prince of Norway.
第四篇：英美文学。
一、殖民主义时期The Literature of Colonial America
1．船长约翰•史密斯Captain John Smith
《自殖民地第一次在弗吉尼亚垦荒以来发生的各种事件的真实介绍》
“A True Relation of Such Occurrences and Accidents of Note as Hath Happened in Virginia Since the First Planting of That Colony”
《弗吉尼亚地图，附：一个乡村的描述》
“A Map of Virginia: with a Description of the Country”
《弗吉尼亚通史》“General History of Virginia”
2．威廉•布拉德福德William Bradford and John Winthrop
《普利茅斯开发历史》“The History of Plymouth Plantation”
3．约翰•温思罗普John Winthrop
《新英格兰历史》“The History of New England”
4．罗杰•威廉姆斯Roger Williams
《开启美国语言的钥匙》”A Key into the Language of America”
或叫《美洲新英格兰部分土著居民语言指南》
Or “ A Help to the Language of the Natives in That Part of America Called New England ”
5．安妮•布莱德斯特Anne Bradstreet
《在美洲诞生的第十个谬斯》
”The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America
二、理性和革命时期文学 The Literature of Reason and Revolution
1。本杰明•富兰克林Benjamin Franklin
※《自传》“ The Autobiography ”
《穷人理查德的年鉴》“Poor Richard’s Almanac”
2。托马斯•佩因Thomas Paine
※《美国危机》“The American Crisis”
《收税官的案子》“The Case of the Officers of the Excise”
《常识》“Common Sense”
《人权》“Rights of Man”
《理性的时代》“The Age of Reason”
《土地公平》“Agrarian Justice”
3。托马斯•杰弗逊Thomas Jefferson
※《独立宣言》
4。菲利浦•弗瑞诺Philip Freneau
※《野忍冬花》“The Wild Honey Suckle”
※《印第安人的坟地》“The Indian Burying Ground”
※《致凯提•迪德》“To a Caty-Did”
《想象的力量》“The Power of Fancy”
《夜屋》“The House of Night”
《英国囚船》“The British Prison Ship”
《战争后期弗瑞诺主要诗歌集》
“The Poems of Philip Freneau Written Chiefly During the Late War”
《札记》“Miscellaneous Works”
第五篇：英美文学
SIR THOMAS MALORY
(1405-1471)
The OutlineI.SIR THOMAS MALORY
II.Morte d' Arthur《亚瑟王之死》
III.Questions for Discussion
.SIR THOMAS MALORY(1405-1471)
Life: He was very rich because he inherited a
considerable estate in Warwickshire(a county in west
central England)upon his father's death in 1433 and he
seems to have quickly become drawn into the turmoil of
local politics.In 1445, he became a Member of
Parliament for his county: a rather unstable area during
this time because the usually powerful Earl of Warwick,was only in his mid-teens.A lot of political affairs in Warwickshire led Sir
Thomas into his numerous clashes with the law.From
1444 onwards, he was caught up in raids(袭击)on the
attacks on the Duke of Buckingham and Combe Abbey
大修道院,大寺院 , as well as a number of thefts in the county
of Essex.Keen to blacken his name, Sir Thomas'
enemies branded(给某人加上污名)him “a rapist, church-
robber, extortioner(勒索者，敲诈者)and would-be
murderer".Unlucky or incompetent,Sir Thomas was certainly in prison almost
continuously throughout the 1450s, though he did
escape several times.His pardon came to him in
October 1462, followed by military service in
Northumbria.From then on he kept his head down,but may have become embroiled(使卷入)in Cook's
Conspiracy(阴谋活动)of 1468, for which he was
imprisoned.There, he turned to writing and earned
eternal fame.Sir Thomas died on 12th March 1471,probably in Newgate Prison(London).He was buried in the nearby Friary Church of St.Francis.II.Morte d' Arthur
《亚瑟王之死》
Malory's tale begins with the mysterious birth of Arthur and ends with his equally mysterious death.The central concern is with the adventures of Arthur and his famous Knights of the Round Table.The knights fight many battles and win glory, all of which is a credit to the name of King Arthur.Near the end of the story, however, the tide of good fortune turns.Launcelot, one of Arthur's knights, falls in love with Arfhur's queen, Guinever, and the lady
returns his love.One by one the other knight become discontented(使不满), selfish, or
disillusioned(使醒悟;使不再抱幻想;使...的理想破灭).Thus weakened, the kingdom is attacked by force under Sir Mordred, Arthur's treacherous(背叛的;不忠的)nephew, and ultimately it goes down in defeat.Arthur is borne away(被...所驱使)on a barge(大型平底船)by three mysterious ladies of the Lake.Morte d‘Arthur was written in a time of transition.The feudal order was dying.By the time Malory began writing his story, soldiers were fighting with gunpowder, a middle class of
tradesmen was arising;and the practices of chivalry were being replaced(代替,取代)by a new aristocratic code.Malory, in a desire to escape the disorder and uneasiness of his day,tried to recapture lost ideals of the romantic past as recounted(叙述,讲述)in his tale of noble kings, adventurous knights, and damsels(少女;闺女)in distress(悲痛;苦恼;忧伤;贫困,穷苦;危难;不幸;引起痛苦或悲痛的事物).This book is very important in English literature.Its Arthurian materials have a strong influence on literature of later centuries.III.Questions for Discussion
1.What are the features of Popular Ballads?
2.What is the story of Morte d‘Arthur ?
3.Why is Sir Thomas Malory an important writer the 15th century?
1.What are the features of Popular Ballads?
See the last paragraph on Page 50 to the fifth paragraph on Page 51.of our text book.What is the story of Morte d‘Arthur ?See Page 6 –9 of our PPt..Why is Sir Thomas Malory an important writer the 15th century?
See the first paragraph on Page 52 of our text book.
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