英美文学4

第一篇：英美文学4

Shakespeare’s Later Works, Poems and Features of his Dramap.85—89

 1.Shakespeare’s plays written between _____ are sometimes called “romances” and all end in reconciliation and reunion. A.1590 and 1594B.1595 and 1600 C.1601 and 1607D.1608 and 1612  D

 2.Miranda is a heroine in Shakespeare’s ______. A.Pericles

 B.Cymbeline

 C.The Winter’s Tale

 D.The Tempest

 D

 3.Shakespeare’s narrative poem, Venus and Adonis, is full of vivid images of the ____________, and aphorisms(格言、警句)on life. 4.In _____ appeared Shakespeare’s Sonnet.Never before Imprinted.（《莎士比亚十四行诗》“迄今从未刊印过”）which contains 154 sonnets. A.1606B.1607

 C.1608D.1609

 D

 5.Shakespeare’s sonnets are divided into three groups: Numbers 1—17, Numbers 18—126, and

Numbers 127—154. T

 6.Shakespeare’s sonnets are written for variety of virtues. T

 7.Shakespeare is one of the founders of ____. A.romanticism

 B.realism

 C.naturalism

 D.classicism

 B

 8.Engels said “Realism implies, besides truth in detail, the truthful reproduction of typical characters under typical circumstances.”

 T

 9.Shakespeare’s dramatic creation often used the method of ____________________. 10.Shakespeare’s drama becomes a monument of the English _____________. 11.Shakespeare wrote about his own people and for his own time. T

 12.Shakespeare was a _________________ for play-writing. 13.Shakespeare’s one play contains one theme. F

(…contains more than one theme)

 14.To reproduce the real life, Shakespeare often combines the majestic with the funny, the poetic with the prosaic(散

文体的)and tragic with the comic.T

 15.Shakespeare’s ___________ people represent all the complexities and implications of real life.



 16.Engels called Shakespeare’s plays the “Shakespearean vivacity(活泼、快活)and wealth of(大量的)action”.T 17.Shakespeare was a great ________ of the English language.18.Among many poetic forms, Shakespeare was especially at home(good at)with the _______.A.dramatic blank verse

B.song

C.sonnet

D.couplet

A

19.In the plays, Shakespeare used about

______words.A.15000

B.16000

C.17000

D.18000

B         



 20._____has been called the summit of the English Renaissance. A.Christopher Marlow

 B.Francis Bacon

 C.W.Shakespeare

 D.Ben Johnson

 C

第二篇：英美文学

A summery of first two lessons

From the previous classes, we＇ve essentially get an brief idea of some basic knowledge about the United Kingdom.The main knowledge points can be concluded as follows:

The full name of the complicated country is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.Britain is no longer an imperial country, though its past has huge effects.The two main effects respectively lie in Britain＇international relationships and the make-up of the British population.UK, as a multiracial society, has the remarkable class regional and economic differences.London, the capital and the largest city, is dominant in the UK in all fields.England, the largest in geography and population of the four nations, dominant in culture and economy.A British invasions history which experiences from stages.Scotland, the most confident of its own identity, has spent a history as a unified state independent of the UK.Scotland joined the Union by agreement of the English and Scottish parliament.A brief introduction to Wales.Northern Ireland has an active cultural life but has its problems because of the conflicts and the influence of UK.Irish desires for an indepent Irish state all the time, therefore issues accurred in frequent succession.The Home Rule Bill, the East Rising of 1916 and the Sinn Fein Party made Irish independent.There exists religious conflicts between the Irish and the British because of the ethnical distinction.British government organised a partition of Ireland as a compromise.More violent campaign, IRA＇s violence and Bloody Sunday.In order to halt the terrible conflicts, Ireland and Great Britain aim to cooperate with each other and arrive at a resolution.Finally, the Good Friday Agreement was emerged.Learning first two lessons has laid a good foundation for our further study on the following lessons.I＇m looking forward to comprehend more knowledge about British politics, economy, culture and foreign relations and so on.

第三篇：英美文学

severalfamous sonnets – a powerful expose of social evils

of the poet’s age,– on steadfast love

Artistic achievement profound in their moral depth and more complex in their expressed feelings.University witsa group of talented youngdramatists

Christopher Marlowe(1564-1593)

One of the “University wits”

The greatest tragedy playwright before William Shakespeare

His masterwork: Doctor Faustus(1604)(P75-76)

Doctor Faustus(1604)

Doctor Faustus’s contract with Lucifer, a devil.His twenty four year long life in an exchange for some magic power:

----playing tricks upon the Pope(The bishop of Rome and head of the Roman Catholic Church on earth.);

---calling for the spirit of Alexander the Great(the emperor ofMacedonia)and it appears;Doctor Faustus(1604)

---having succeeded in having Helen, the beauty of ancient Troy, as his wife.Finally, Doctor Faustus is sent to hell because of the deadly sin has damned both his body and his soul.Doctor Faustus(1604)

Analysis of the hero: Doctor Faustus

Knowledgeable, but having blind faith in human intellect;

Ambitious and proud: A passionate seeker for

power, which comes from forbidden knowledge.Doctor Faustus’s Biblical source:

The fall of Adam and Eve

William Shakespeare

He is the author of 37 plays, but we are not certain of his life story until now.Drama: his career may be dividedinto four periods.(P78)

---Comedies in the four periods

---Tragedies in the four periods

Plot of Four Great Tragedies(P86-P87)Othello:

---Othello: a capable general in Venice

---Desdemonon: a strong-minded, beautiful girl

---Iago: one of the officers under Othello

Reasons for the tragedy:

jealousy

Plot of Four Great Tragedies(P86-P87)Macbeth:

---Macbeth: to commit murder in order to become king knowing he will be the king of Scotland from the witch

---lady Macbeth: to encourage her husband

---Duncan: king of Scotand who was murdered by Macbeth

Reasons for the tragedy :ambition, lust for power

Plot of Four Great Tragedies(P86-P87)King Lear:

---King Lear: a wish to divide his kingdom and give it to his daughters

---Goneril and Regan: his two elder daughters who flatter him

---Cordelia: his youngest daughter who speaks her true mind but loves her father most

Reasons for the tragedy: Misjudgment

Hamlet

Leading characters:

Hamlet : the Prince of Denmark

King Hamlet: Father of the Prince, wecan only see his ghost

Claudius: Hamlet’s uncle, now the King

Gertrude: Hamlet’s mother, and the Queen of Denmark. Polonius:Ophelia’s father, the King’s trusted courtier

Laertes: Ophelia’s brother, Polonius’s son

Hamlet

Act 1:

Old Hamlet’sghost told Hamlet a tale of

horror.There has been murder andadultery;and the Ghost demands revenge for his wrongs.Hamlet makes a promise to revenge for his father’s death before the Ghostleaves.Act 2:

To dull his uncle’s vigilance, Hamlet pretends to go mad.However, his madness is taken by Polonius, an old courtier who is loyal to Claudius , to an emotionaldisturbance due to his passion for Ophelia, daughter of Polonius.At this moment, a company of playersvisits the castle, and Hamlet will have a play acted, which resembles the late king’s murder.Act 3:

The guilty Claudius starts up in fear before the play ends, and goes out.Gertrude sends Hamlet to her chamber, where he reveals Claudius’s baseness and expresses his indignation at her hasty marriage with Claudius, which renders the queen heart-broken.Then Hamlet becomes aware that he is being overheard in the conversation.Thinking it is Claudius that is in hiding, he runs his sword through the arras but finds the eavesdropper thus killed to be Polonius.Before he parts from his mother, Hamlet refers to the King’s decision to send him to England.Act4:

The king now determines to kill Hamlet.He sends Hamlet to England, intending to have him killed there.But pirates capture Hamlet and send him back to Denmark again.Heart-broken at the death of her father, Ophelia goes mad and then is drowned in a stream.Hamlet returns just at the time of her funeral.In the grave-yard he has a quarrel with Laertes, Ophelia’s brother.Laertes vows to avenge the death of his father and sister.Act 5:

With Laertes, Claudius conspires to do away with Hamlet.The kings arranges that Laertes is to challenge Hamlet to a friendly duel andkill him with a poisoned rapier.In the duel, Laertes wounds Hamlet but is himself struck with the same poisoned weapon.Before death, Laertes reveals the plot.The queen, at this moment, has drunk from a poisoned cup intended for Hamlet.Hamlet, in a passion, stabs the King, and then dies through his poisoned wound, giving the election to the crown to young Fortinbras, the prince of Norway.

第四篇：英美文学。

一、殖民主义时期The Literature of Colonial America

1．船长约翰•史密斯Captain John Smith

《自殖民地第一次在弗吉尼亚垦荒以来发生的各种事件的真实介绍》

“A True Relation of Such Occurrences and Accidents of Note as Hath Happened in Virginia Since the First Planting of That Colony”

《弗吉尼亚地图，附：一个乡村的描述》

“A Map of Virginia: with a Description of the Country”

《弗吉尼亚通史》“General History of Virginia”

2．威廉•布拉德福德William Bradford and John Winthrop

《普利茅斯开发历史》“The History of Plymouth Plantation”

3．约翰•温思罗普John Winthrop

《新英格兰历史》“The History of New England”

4．罗杰•威廉姆斯Roger Williams

《开启美国语言的钥匙》”A Key into the Language of America”

或叫《美洲新英格兰部分土著居民语言指南》

Or “ A Help to the Language of the Natives in That Part of America Called New England ”

5．安妮•布莱德斯特Anne Bradstreet

《在美洲诞生的第十个谬斯》

”The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America

二、理性和革命时期文学 The Literature of Reason and Revolution

1。本杰明•富兰克林Benjamin Franklin

※《自传》“ The Autobiography ”

《穷人理查德的年鉴》“Poor Richard’s Almanac”

2。托马斯•佩因Thomas Paine

※《美国危机》“The American Crisis”

《收税官的案子》“The Case of the Officers of the Excise”

《常识》“Common Sense”

《人权》“Rights of Man”

《理性的时代》“The Age of Reason”

《土地公平》“Agrarian Justice”

3。托马斯•杰弗逊Thomas Jefferson

※《独立宣言》

4。菲利浦•弗瑞诺Philip Freneau

※《野忍冬花》“The Wild Honey Suckle”

※《印第安人的坟地》“The Indian Burying Ground”

※《致凯提•迪德》“To a Caty-Did”

《想象的力量》“The Power of Fancy”

《夜屋》“The House of Night”

《英国囚船》“The British Prison Ship”

《战争后期弗瑞诺主要诗歌集》

“The Poems of Philip Freneau Written Chiefly During the Late War”

《札记》“Miscellaneous Works”

第五篇：英美文学

SIR THOMAS MALORY

(1405-1471)

The OutlineI.SIR THOMAS MALORY

II.Morte d' Arthur《亚瑟王之死》

III.Questions for Discussion

.SIR THOMAS MALORY(1405-1471)

Life: He was very rich because he inherited a

considerable estate in Warwickshire(a county in west

central England)upon his father's death in 1433 and he

seems to have quickly become drawn into the turmoil of

local politics.In 1445, he became a Member of

Parliament for his county: a rather unstable area during

this time because the usually powerful Earl of Warwick,was only in his mid-teens.A lot of political affairs in Warwickshire led Sir

Thomas into his numerous clashes with the law.From

1444 onwards, he was caught up in raids(袭击)on the

attacks on the Duke of Buckingham and Combe Abbey

大修道院,大寺院 , as well as a number of thefts in the county

of Essex.Keen to blacken his name, Sir Thomas'

enemies branded(给某人加上污名)him “a rapist, church-

robber, extortioner(勒索者，敲诈者)and would-be

murderer".Unlucky or incompetent,Sir Thomas was certainly in prison almost

continuously throughout the 1450s, though he did

escape several times.His pardon came to him in

October 1462, followed by military service in

Northumbria.From then on he kept his head down,but may have become embroiled(使卷入)in Cook's

Conspiracy(阴谋活动)of 1468, for which he was

imprisoned.There, he turned to writing and earned

eternal fame.Sir Thomas died on 12th March 1471,probably in Newgate Prison(London).He was buried in the nearby Friary Church of St.Francis.II.Morte d' Arthur

《亚瑟王之死》

Malory's tale begins with the mysterious birth of Arthur and ends with his equally mysterious death.The central concern is with the adventures of Arthur and his famous Knights of the Round Table.The knights fight many battles and win glory, all of which is a credit to the name of King Arthur.Near the end of the story, however, the tide of good fortune turns.Launcelot, one of Arthur's knights, falls in love with Arfhur's queen, Guinever, and the lady

returns his love.One by one the other knight become discontented(使不满), selfish, or

disillusioned(使醒悟;使不再抱幻想;使...的理想破灭).Thus weakened, the kingdom is attacked by force under Sir Mordred, Arthur's treacherous(背叛的;不忠的)nephew, and ultimately it goes down in defeat.Arthur is borne away(被...所驱使)on a barge(大型平底船)by three mysterious ladies of the Lake.Morte d‘Arthur was written in a time of transition.The feudal order was dying.By the time Malory began writing his story, soldiers were fighting with gunpowder, a middle class of

tradesmen was arising;and the practices of chivalry were being replaced(代替,取代)by a new aristocratic code.Malory, in a desire to escape the disorder and uneasiness of his day,tried to recapture lost ideals of the romantic past as recounted(叙述,讲述)in his tale of noble kings, adventurous knights, and damsels(少女;闺女)in distress(悲痛;苦恼;忧伤;贫困,穷苦;危难;不幸;引起痛苦或悲痛的事物).This book is very important in English literature.Its Arthurian materials have a strong influence on literature of later centuries.III.Questions for Discussion

1.What are the features of Popular Ballads?

2.What is the story of Morte d‘Arthur ?

3.Why is Sir Thomas Malory an important writer the 15th century?

1.What are the features of Popular Ballads?

See the last paragraph on Page 50 to the fifth paragraph on Page 51.of our text book.What is the story of Morte d‘Arthur ?See Page 6 –9 of our PPt..Why is Sir Thomas Malory an important writer the 15th century?

See the first paragraph on Page 52 of our text book.