第一篇：商务英语电子教案说明
商务英语电子教案说明
商务英语电子教案的文件格式为MS PowerPoint，以方便教师上课讲解为主要目标。商务英语电子教案的内容以高等教育出版社出版的商务英语系列教材为基础，配以教材的录音文件。对课文中的单词、词组和背景注释等扩充了内容，另外根据PPT演示需要，设计了一些背景图、插图、控制图等。一般每一个幻灯片都至少配上一幅图片。
在电子教案的美术设计、结构组成、导航功能、媒体播放等方面，我们下了相当大的功夫，通过我们多方面征求意见认为，有较好的效果。
商务电子教案使用如下层次结构（以《商务英语精读（1）》为例）： Unit 1 Essentials of Business Teaching Aim Reading I
Pre-reading
Text
Background Information
New Words and Expressions
Exercises
Post-reading Reading II
Dictation
Text
Exercises Extended Activities
Phonetic Drills
Function and Structure
Practical Reading
Additional Vocabulary
Business World
Humor Time 幻灯片仍然保留了从头到尾的顺序结构，但可以通过导航控制和超链接进行跳转。导航控制按钮如下图所示。
从左到右依次为：
上一个：指向上一张幻灯片；
返回：指向上一层次；
下一个：指向下一张幻灯片；
最近一个：指向最近一次观看的幻灯片；
首页：指向第一张幻灯片。
对于需要播放声音的幻灯片，通过媒体播放按钮（Play, Stop ,Pause）实现控制（如下图）。控制机制是通过宏来实现的。声音文件是独立存放的，存在于与当前PPT文稿同名的子文件夹内（Unit-1）。当幻灯片切换时，声音播放自动停止。
从左到右依次为：
播放：开始播放声音文件； 停止：停止播放声音文件； 暂停：暂停播放声音文件。
在打开商务英语电子教案时，会出现如图1所示的提示，点击“是”即可，否则声音文件不能播放。
图1
首次使用商务英语电子教案时，可能出现声音不能播放的问题，解决办法是：(1)在播放商务英语电子教案前，请先运行“使用说明”目录下的AutoRun.reg，出现提示信息后，单击“是”按钮并“确定”即可。如图
2、图3所示。
图2
图3
(2)安装MediaPlayer10.0：请于http://www.xiexiebang.com 网页中下载 MediaPlayer10.0
第二篇：剑桥商务英语电子教案
BEC Preliminary
Unite1a Job Descriptions Objectives: To enable Ss to talk about jobs
To practice listening for specific information
To review the present simple Materials needed: Cassette-Pass Cambridge BEC Preliminary ★Duties Warmer
T elicits to what extent Ss use business cards.Listening 1
Ss listen to identify speakers at a Chamber of Commerce meeting.要点解析
1． Chamber of commerce: 商会，它是一种地方性的社团组织，旨在通过宣传促进当地的商贸发展，并以各种服务方式和活动为其成员提供商务机会。2． Human resources manager: 人力资源部经理，= the manager of the human resources department;human resources 的缩写形式为HR.3． Hayes Business Park: 海思商务园区。Park 一词在此不作―公园‖解，该词在这里的意思是―园区‖，指有某种用途的―专用场地‖。例如：science park 高科技圆区。
4． Becton Court: 贝克顿街，court 的意思是―（三面有房屋的）短街‖。5． Consultant: 在此译为―咨询（或顾问）公司‖，即指consultancy: 承接咨询
BEC Preliminary
业务的顾问公司。Consultant 用于表达―咨询公司‖的例子还有：a network consultants 网络咨询公司，a management consultants 管理咨询公司。Information technology services PLC 作为公司名称可译为：信息技术服务有限公司，但这是一家股票上市公司。PLC 为public limited company 的缩写，意思是―公开招股有限公司；股票上市公司‖。
Regal Frozen Products: 雷戈尔冷冻食品公司，RTLP Consultants: RTLP 顾问公司，Vacupack ：真空包装公司，Meridian Financial Products: 马利第安财务公司。国外很多公司的冠名是因企业的性质和类别而定，不一定都会用到像company, corporation, firm 等表示―公司‖意义的单词，我们对此应有所了解，在翻译是根据企业的性质和类别，以及具体语境提供的信息，将―公司‖一词表达出来。Listening 2 Ss predict two people's duties and listen to confirm their predictions before listening again to complete notes about the people.要点解析（听力2录音文字稿）
1．… produces vaccines against hepatitis and so on.句中against 的意思是―以……为抵御（或抵抗），抗……‖, 如：vaccines against cholera 抗霍乱的疫苗： ―We have to study English history, political and so on.我们必须学习英国历史、政治等等。
2．I‘m also responsible for our publicity material: 我们主管公司对外宣传的材
BEC Preliminary
料。Be responsible for: 对……负责；主管……。3.work-related: 与工作有关的。4.be satisfied: 对… 感到满意。
5．But people do sometimes come to discuss personal problems with me.句中do 一词用于加强语气。如：Do be careful.千万当心。又如：I do like swimming.我真的喜欢游泳。
6.… both the successful and unsuccessful ones.是the applicants 的同位语，ones 为代名词one 的复数形式，代替前面提到的the applicants.7.… which isn‘t a pleasant part of the job: 这是我工作中令人不愉快的一面。? 这是一个非限制性关系分句，指的是主句中information employees 一事。Language focus
Ss review the form of the present simple.Reading
Ss scan questions for key vocabulary and decide which person from the business cards each question is for.Speaking
Ss do a Find someone who...activity.★Talking about your job Vocabulary
Ss match sentence halves about one of the people from the business cards and focus on language for talking about jobs.Speaking
Ss work in pairs and interview their partner about his/her job in preparation for writing a newsletter article.Self-study
BEC Preliminary
Vocabulary
Matching exercise(verbs and nouns).Ss then think of another noun to go with each verb.Word-building exercise(nouns and verbs).Gap-fill exercise using the nouns and verbs.Exam practice
Multiple-choice gap-fill text(Reading Test Part 6 ★Summary Essential vocabulary Jobs Accountant Consultant
Human resources(HR)manager Work To work as(+job)To work for(+company)Duties To attend(a meeting)To deal with(a problem)To discuss(problems)To give(advice)To interview(applicants)
Marketing manager Sales executive
To work in(the food industry)
To involve(a record)To organize(a conference)To provide(a service)To be responsible for(+-ing)
BEC Preliminary
General To advertise Applicant To be based on
★ Homework Self-study
Department Financial products Head Personnel
BEC Preliminary
Unit 1b Working Condition Objectives: To enable Ss to talk about working conditions
To practice reading for gist and for specific information
To review adverbs of frequency
Materials needed: None ★Comments about work Warmer
T asks Ss whether they have a suggestions/comments box at work.Reading
Ss look at comments made by employees and answer comprehension questions.要点解析
1． Prefer(to):(两者中)宁愿选择（其中之一），例：I prefer tea to coffee.茶和咖啡，我更喜欢茶。I prefer singing to acting.我宁愿唱歌而不愿意演戏。两个例句中的to 均为介词，后接名词或动词的-ing 形式。
2． We frequently run out of stationery…: 我们很快就用光了文具。Run out of: 用完；耗尽，例如：He always runs out of money before payday.他总是没等到发薪水就把钱用完了。
3． Break down:(机器)停止运转，坏掉，出故障。例：The car can broke down.汽车坏了。
BEC Preliminary
4.giving a presentation: 介绍情况。Language focus
Ss place adverbs of frequency on a cline according to meaning and review word order of adverbs of frequency.Speaking
Ss use the adverbs of frequency to talk about what they do at/outside work.Ss then decide how they would deal with the problems/comments in the comments box.★Terms and conditions of employment Vocabulary
Ss match vocabulary in preparation for the reading task.Reading
Ss gist-read a Terms and Conditions of Employment document.They then read the text again and answer multiple-choice comprehension questions.要点解析
1．…in operation: 工作中，实施中，例如：Nowadays, there are a number of different systems in operation.当前，实行着好几种不同的制度。
2．…before your shift is due to start: 在正式上班之前。字面意思是：在约定的班次开始前。句中的due意为：预定的、约定的。例如：The guests are due to arrive here next week.客人们约定下周到达此地。
3．…inform supplies of your size: 将你穿的型号通知物供处。注意动词 inform
BEC Preliminary 的用法：inform sb of sth.通知某人某事。
4.You will be paid at the current overtime rate.句中介词at 的意思是：（价格、速度、数额、程度等）以；达。例如：The apples are sold at 6 pence a pound.这苹果以每磅6 便士的价格出售。Rate 的意思是：计时工资。only days off: 只休息几天。该短语中off 的意思是：不工作、休息。例如：Yesterday was my day off.昨天是我休假的日子。又如 take three days off: 休假3天。
Speaking
Ss discuss their own conditions of employment.★ Summary Frequency words Annually Daily Monthly
Working conditions At(the current)rate Bonus Break Day off
Rarely Weekly
Employment Equipment Health and safety Leave(holiday)
BEC Preliminary
Line manager Overalls Overtime Regulations General Annoying To arrange To break down To consult Efficient
★ Homework Salary Shift Supplies
In operation Instead of A review To run out of Stationery
Self-study
BEC Preliminary
Unit 2a Company History
Objectives: To enable Ss to describe companies and their
histories
To practice reading for specific information
To review the past simple and prepositions of
time
Materials needed: No cassette needed
Cards-8 Cards: one set of cards per pair/group to be photocopied from T's Guide
★ The history of Volkswagen I.Teaching Procedure
Warmer
T elicits any knowledge/experience of VW/Beetles.Reading
Ss do a quiz about Volkswagen in pairs then scan a text to find answers to the quiz.Ss then answer multiple-choice questions.Vocabulary
Ss scan the text again to pick out target vocabulary.Language focus
Ss review the form of the past simple.10
BEC Preliminary
Speaking
Ss exchange information about their own company's history.I.Speaking
参考词语和表达
As far as I know … 据我所知
The first factory was founded in 第一家工厂创建于…… The first factory was located in … 第一家工厂位于……
One of the most popular…in the world 世界上最知名的……之一 Europe‘s largest car-maker 欧洲最大的汽车制造商
II.Language Points
要点解析
1． People‘s car: 即指大众牌轿车：Volkswagen.2． First of all: 首先；第一。例：First of all, let me say how glad I am to be here.首先，我要说的是我来到这里感到很高兴。
3． …started work on the `people‘s car‘ with money he received from the German government…;…started production with his new American machinery 在这两个句子中，介词with 意为：（表示使用的工具、手段、材料等）用；以；以…方式。而在 ―Today Volkswagen AG is Europe‘s largest car-maker with 242 770 employees and a turnover of $ 65 bn‖ 句子中，with 的意思是为：拥有。阅读时请注意介词with 在不同句子中的意思。
BEC Preliminary
4． Commercial production stopped during the war… ―the war‖ 一词在此指第二次世界大战。
5． …the British helped the local economy by ordering 20 000 cars …;The company continued its globalization by setting up its own production facilities in Australia… 在这两个句子中，介词by 意为：（表示方法、手段、方式）凭借；靠；用；通过。例如：It‘s not fair to judge people by their appearance.以貌取人是不公平的。
6． Instead, Heinrich Nor Hoff took over as Managing Director… instead: 作为替代；反而；却。例如：They didn‘t go by bus;instead, they went there on foot.他们没乘公共汽车，而是步行去那儿的。
7． Volkswagen became a public limited company valued at DM600m.介词at 在此意为：（价格、速度、数额、程度等）以、达。例如：The apples were sold at 6 pence a pound.这苹果以每磅6便士的价格出售。
8． …the future for VW looks every bit as bright as it‘s past.Every bit as…: 完全一样；同样是。例如：She is every bit as bright as clever as her sister.她像她姐姐一样聪明
III.Grammar
要点解析
以e结尾的动词原形，只要加-d , 例：hate-hated;动词原形以单辅音字母结尾，而这个辅音字母之前为单元音字母 a, e, I, o, u 的单音节动词时，在加-ed
BEC Preliminary
之前要双写词尾的辅音字母，例如：bed-bedded;stop-stopped;动词原形以辅音字母+y 结尾时，先把y 改为 I 再加-ed, 例：try-tried;occupy-occupied.参考词语和表达 manufacture 制造
The company started in …公司始建…… It expanded rapidly … 公司发展迅速
In the first few years the annual turnover only came to 开头的几年，年营业额仅达……
Became a public limited company in …于……成为一家上市公司 Formed partnerships with … 和……建立了伙伴关系
When did your company first register? 你们公司最早在哪里注册的？ What type of product did your company sell at the very beginning?
你们公司最初销售哪一类产品？
★Company profile
Vocabulary
Ss match company descriptions with definitions.Speaking
Ss order cards to make a company organigram then describe the company structure.Ss exchange information about the present situation of their own companies.13
BEC Preliminary
★Summary
Essential vocabulary Companies Holding company Joint venture
Activities To buy To expend To export To found To manufacture
General Facilities Partnership Plant
★ Homework
Self-studyParent company
Public limited company(plc)Subsidiary
To own To produce To register To set up To take over
Stake To survive Turnover
BEC Preliminary
Unit 2b Company Activities
Objectives: To enable Ss to describe company activities
To practice reading for specific information
To raise
awareness
of
cohesion
and
connectors of addition and contrast
To review the present continuous
Materials needed: None ★Investing in central Europe I.Teaching Procedure
Warmer
T introduces the topic and elicits Ss' experience/knowledge.Reading
Ss answer questions based on a diagram showing investment in central Europe.Language focus
Ss review the present simple/continuous contrast and stative verbs.Speaking
Ss discuss reasons for inward investment.参考词语和表达
cheap workforce 低廉的劳动力
generous inward investment grants from local governments 当地政府对进
BEC Preliminary
口投资慷慨的资助
slow economic growth at home 国内经济增长缓慢
rapid development of central/eastern European car-markets 中、东欧汽车市场的迅速发展
good locations for exporting to the former Soviet Union 地理位置有利于向前苏联出口
Having production facilities in Europe enables Asian and US companies to avoid restrictions on imports into Europe.中、东欧洲拥有生产基地使得亚洲和美国的公司可以避开进口欧洲的限制
Investments boost local economies and add to market growth.投资可以促进当地经济和市场发展。
Higher returns on investments due to low-costs 低成本有利于投资的高回报
★Driving Eastwards I.Teaching Procedure
Reading
Ss do a jigsaw reading exercise, before scanning the text to answer ‗Right, Wrong, Doesn't say' questions.Vocabulary
Ss scan the text for connectors of addition/contrast then use the connectors to link information from the text.Speaking
Ss draw and explain maps of their companies' activities.II.Language Points
BEC Preliminary
要点解析
1.Driving eastwards: 题目选词可谓独具匠心。本文谈的是汽车的事，因此 driving eastwards 可以是驱车东行，但其真正的含义是向东进发，开拓市场，将汽车制造业及其销售市场移至东欧各地。
2.but he would earn around eight times as much … 句中 would + 动词原形earn, 表示与现在事态相反的情况，而不是过去将来时。例如：If I were to tell him all I know, he would be amazed.如果我把我知道的告诉他，他会很吃惊的（事实是：“我”并没有这么做）。As much :(在此)同样数量。例如：He has 50 Yuan, and I have as much.他有50 元钱，我也有这么多。3.in addition to : 除了……之外（还），例如：In addition to apples you asked for, I bought your oranges.除了你要的苹果之外，我还给你买了橘子。4.sales are growing by up to 41 percent … by:（表示数量、程度等）以、、、、、、之差，例如：The rate of growth fell by 3 percent.增长率下降了3%。Up to:（数目上）多达，达到，例如：This tend can take up to 10 men.这顶帐篷至多可睡10人。
5.Volkswagen … is spending $ 1.8 bn on the car and engine plants… 注意spend 的用法：（1）用（钱），花费。例如：He spends 200 dollars on a new TV set.他花200 美元买了一台新的电视机。（2）花（时间），度过。例如：I wish you wouldn‘t spend so much time(in)watching TV.我希望你不要花这么多时间看电视。He spent a lot of time on sports.他花很多时间在体育
BEC Preliminary
运动上。
6.not only …but also: 是连词词组，其中also 可以省略，要注意的是 not only 和 but(also)所连接的结构要相同。例如：He speaks not only English but also French.他不但会说英语，而且还会说法语。I not only heard it but saw it.我不但听到了，还看到了。
7.in spite of: 不顾，不管。例如：In spite of what you say, I still believe he is honest.不管你说什么，我还是相信他是诚实的。
III.Speaking
参考词语和表达 to invest 投资 be located In/at … 位于
to produce a new model 生产新车型 to build new factories/ plants in…在…建新厂 to have a joint venture 拥有一家合资企业
our markets in … develop rapidly 我们在……的市场发展迅速
★ Summary
Addition Also Furthermore Contract Although However
Activities Assembly To build
General To attract Attraction 18
BEC Preliminary
Moreover In spite of Not only … but also Homework
Self-study
To develop To grow To investment To modernize
To climb Costs To earn Flexible Low Model To receive Van Wages
BEC Preliminary
Unit 3 Exam focus: Vocabulary
Objectives: To provide Ss with useful strategies for coping with unknown vocabulary
To present useful ways of organizing and
storing new vocabulary
Materials needed: Optional-Blank cards for vocabulary
cards activity
A set of cards {taken from any
teaching
material}
showing
collocations or opposites
Vocabulary in the examination
Warmer T writes up the words vocabulary and grammar to introduce the topic.T ensures Ss understand why vocabulary is an Exam focus unit.Understanding words
Ss identify types of words then label the types of words gapped in sentences and complete the gaps.Ss guess the meaning of potentially unfamiliar words through the use of context.Storing new vocabulary
Ss discuss the advantages and disadvantages of five ways of physically
BEC Preliminary
recording vocabulary.Ss then look at examples of five ways of organizing vocabulary and discuss which they use and how they are useful.Ss then assign groups of words to the most appropriate means of storage.Vocabulary cards
Ss look at an example of a vocabulary storage card and complete cards in a similar way.Ss work in pairs and discuss which types of information they would choose to store on cards.T highlights the use of cards for vocabulary building(collocations, opposites etc.).Building your vocabulary
Ss focus on word families and note ways of changing form through suffixes, prefixes etc.They then build up words and write example sentences.要点解析
1． 由词根加前、后缀产生的词汇叫派生词，同一词根加不同的词缀可以表示不同的意义或词类。由前缀加词根构成的派生词通常只改变词义而不改变词性（少数例外）。词根加后缀改变词性，词汇意义也略有改变。2． 在名词或形容词的词尾加-ise 或-ize 同-ise 可将名词或形容词变为动词，所以，global（形容词、全球的）；globalise/globalize(动词、使全球化)；standard(名词、标准)；standardise / stardardize(名词、使标准化)。因此，课文第一行准确的说法应是Adjective/ Noun to verb, 而不是Noun to verb.BEC Preliminary
3． 将形容词变成名词时可在词尾加 –ity/ty 如：loyal___ loyalty, royal____ royalty.但是，当形容词以-e 结尾时，应去掉-e, 加-ity, 如 diverse____ diversity.4． 将形容词变成副词时，通常是在形容词尾加上-ly。例如：natural_____ naturally, quick___ quickly, common _______ commonly.但是，当形容词以-y 结尾时，在加-ly 之前应先变y 为I, 例如：heavy ______ heavily, busy _____busily.当形容词以-le 结尾时，去e 加y 即可，例如：simple ___simply, reasonable _____reasonably.课文提到的这些加前、后缀的构词法法对我们帮助积累和扩大词汇量很有用，必须熟记。但是在运用时，还是要多与字典核对，不可想当然，以免出错。比如，将动词变成表示执行这个动作的人（物）的名词时，可在该动词后加-er或-or, 如：worker, investor;又如，以r开头的形容词通常以加前缀ir-的方法表示其否定意义，如：rational _____ irrational, regular _____irregular.但是，我们还可以看到下面这些例外的现象：reasonable ______ unreasonable, realistic ________ unrealistic.所以，到底怎么用，对初学者来说，还应该通过查字典来确定。
Homework
For homework/self-study Ss are asked to identify and store useful vocabulary from the previous units.22
BEC Preliminary
Unit 4a Telephoning Objectives: To practice telephoning language(including
leaving and taking messages)
To practice listening for gist and specific information
Materials needed: Cassette-Pass Cambridge BEC Preliminary
★ Getting through ★ Teaching Procedure
Listening 1
Ss listen to six telephone calls and match the calls with the correct descriptions.要点解析（听力录音文字稿）
1． Can I help you? 这句话的原意为：我能为你效劳吗？这是服务员、营业员、电话接线员等的招呼语，翻译成汉语时，应视具体情况做不同的处理。若是出自营业员之口，这句话可译为：您找谁？您找哪一位？
2． I‘ll put you through.我给您接。如果要说―请替我接…….‖ 可以说：Please put me through to …
3． Can I take a message? 需要给您转达吗？ Take a message 的意思是：捎口信。那么，―留口信‖可以说：leave a message.BEC Preliminary
4． Could I have extention184, please? 请给我接184分机。要表达―请给我接…… 分机‖还可以说：leave a massage.5． I‘m afraid he‘s in a meeting.恐怕他在开会。I‘m afraid 的意思是：遗憾的、抱歉的。它是口头用语，用于提出异议、说出令人不快的事实、拒绝对方要求等场合，使语气婉转。例如：I‘m afraid you are wrong.恐怕是你错了。6． He should be available after lunch.他午饭后应该有空。在本句中be available 的意思是：有暇的，空闲的。例如：The manager is not available now.经理现在没有空。
7． It‘s Ok.I‘ll hold.没事，我等着（不挂断）。I‘ll hold = I‘ll hold the line.我（等着）不挂断电话。
We were cut off.我们的电话断线了。Speaking
Ss produce appropriate responses to telephone phrases.Ss then listen again to identify the actual responses used in the calls.Language focus
Ss review will for immediate decisions, offers and promises.Ss then do a matching exercise with phrases with will.Reading
Ss find a telephone conversation in a maze.24
BEC Preliminary
Speaking
Ss select two items from the maze to make their own telephone conversation.Expressions Receptionist Miss Smith is our receptionist.史密斯小姐是我们的接待员。Where's that fool of a receptionist? 那个笨蛋接待员在什麽地方？ The receptionist at that company is gorgeous.那家公司的接待员好漂亮。
She is a receptionist in a doctor's office.她在一位医生的诊所中担任接待员。
I will leave a message with the receptionist.我会给前台小姐留个口信。asked the receptionist to hold all calls during the meeting.叫接待员在会议期间不要接进电话 Available stock available 有货可供 quantity available 可供数量 item available 可供商品
employ all available means 千方百计,用尽所有办法 be available for use 可加以利用
Within reach;easily available 在可及范围内；容易得到
BEC Preliminary
To place a device in a state where it is not available for use by the system;however, it is still available for executing I / O.把设备置于系统不能使用的状态，然而，对于执行输入输出，它仍然是可用的。
discriminate among the options available.辨别这些可用的选择 Extension An extension ladder;an extension cord.伸缩梯；延长线 transcendental extension 超越扩张 shaft extension 井筒延深
extension instrument 附加仪表;外接仪器 extension course 大学函授班(夜校等)开设的课程
★Reasons for calling Listening 2
Ss listen to a telephone receptionist take a message and note down the information before listening again for specific phrases.Speaking
Ss do an information-gap activity, giving and taking telephone messages.(Activity sheets on pages 125 and 129)Self-study Reading
BEC Preliminary
Ordering exercise(telephone conversation).Gap-fill exercise(telephone conversation).Exam practice
Multiple-choice reading comprehension exercise(Reading Test Part 1).美国人电话留言精选
1)My wife and I can't come to the phone right now, but if you'll leave your name and number, we'll get back to you as soon as we're finished.2)Hi.This is John.If you are the phone company, I already sent the money.If you are my parents, please send money.If you are my financial aid institution, you didn't lend me enough money.If you are my friends, you owe me money.If you are a female, don't worry, I have plenty of money.3)Hi, I'm not home right now but my answering machine is, so you can talk to it instead.Wait for the beep（beep：主人的Answer讲完以后，Answer Machine会发出一声beep,这时候来电话者就可以开始留言了。）.4)Hi!John's answering machine is broken.This is his refrigerator.Please speak very slowly, and I'll stick your message to myself with one of these magnets（磁铁）.注：通常情况下，来电话者面对录音讲话都不太自然，所以语言往往很急促，三句两句话就完了。这可苦坏了接听留言的主人，听多少遍都听不清留言者到底是谁，讲了些什么。对于母语非英文的人，这种感觉会更深。所以，以下这两段幽默干脆就首先告诉电话拨入者，我的Answer Machine
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不好使，你且慢慢来。
5)Hello, this is Sally's microwave.Her answering machine just eloped（私奔）with her tape deck（磁带驱动器）, so I'm stuck with taking her calls.Say, if you want anything cooked while you leave your message, just hold it up to the phone.6)Hello, you are talking to a machine.I am capable of receiving messages.My owners do not need siding（墙板，壁板）, windows, or a hot tub（浴盆）, and their carpets are clean.They give to charity（慈善团体）through their office and do not need their picture taken.If you're still with me, leave your name and number and they will get back to you.7)Hi.I am probably home.I'm just avoiding someone I don't like.Leave me a message, and if I don't call back, it's you.8)This is not an answering machine--this is a telepathic（心灵感应术）thought-recording device.After the tone, think about your name, your reason for calling and a number where I can reach you, and I'll think about returning your call.注：tone：与对第3）句beep的注释含义完全一样，主人的Answer讲完以后，Answer Machine会发出一声beep,这时候来电话者就可以开始留言了。
9)Hi, this is George.I'm sorry I can't answer the phone right now.Leave a message, and then wait by your phone until I call you back.BEC Preliminary
10)If you are a burglar(夜贼), then we're probably at home cleaning our weapons right now and can't come to the phone.Otherwise, we probably aren't home and it's safe to leave us a message.11)You're growing tired.Your eyelids(眼皮)are getting heavy.You feel very sleepy now.You are gradually losing your willpower(毅力)and your ability to resist suggestions.When you hear the tone you will feel helplessly compelled to(感到无助而被迫做某事)leave your name, number, and a message.12)Please leave a message.However, you have the right to remain silent.Everything you say will be recorded and will be used by us.注：you have the right to remain silent：电影电视里警察出示逮捕令时常讲的一句话。西方社会讲究人权，任何疑犯在未审判之前不得认为有罪，因而不能逼供、更不可拷打：他们有权保持沉默。
13)Hello, you've reached Jim and Sonya.We can't pick up the phone right now, because we're doing something we really enjoy.Sonya likes doing it up and down, and I like doing it left to right...real slowly.So leave a message, and when we're done brushing our teeth, we'll get back to you.Homework
Self-study 29
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Unit 4b Internal Communication Objectives: To practice writing memos and e-mails
To review making requests and talking about
obligation
Materials needed: Cassette Pass Cambridge BEC Preliminary
★Memos, notes and notice I.Teaching Procedure
Warmer
T quickly elicits differences between memos, notes and notices.Reading
Ss scan memos etc.for general information and answer questions.Ss brainstorm differences between memos, notes and notices.Language Focus
Ss review the language of requests and obligation/necessity.Speaking
Ss exchange information about internal communication in their own companies.II.Language Points
要点解析
1． 可以从上述简易公文中的人名、城市名等找出题目要求的信息。比如，跨
BEC Preliminary
国企业一般都会雇佣办事处所在的雇员或者通晓办事处所在国语言的雇员，所以，从―维洛尼克.勒布‖这个法国人的名字可得知，该公司在法国有市场。2． Meeting with Veronique Loboeuf cancelled.这是一个不完整的句子，完整正确的句子应为：Meeting with Veronique Loboeuf has been cancelled.便条的写作格式没有备忘录那么正式规范，可以使用首字母缩写词，还可以省略主语、助动词、冠词等。
3． Please note that you need to arrive… 句中note 为动词，意思是：注意；留意。如：Please note how I did it.(请注意我刚才是怎么做的)4． Tel no.= telephone number 5． ASAP = as soon as possible
6． The price goes to … 句中动词go 的意思是：（奖品、遗产、职位等）被给（于）、归属于。例如：Victory always goes to the strong.胜利永远属于强者。
要点解析（听力1录音文字稿）
1.I‘m calling all of the heads of department about expenses.我是为经费的事给部门的各位负责人打电话。
2.If someone claims any expenses, they must enclose receipts with the claim.如果有谁要报销经费，必须在报销单上附加发票。句中claim 一词既可作动词，意思是：提出要求，认领，索取；也可以用作名词，意思是：要求，认领，书面要求。Claim any receipts with the claim 的意思是：索取业务经费，即人们
BEC Preliminary
通常说的到财务部门―报销‖。Enclose receipts with the claim 意思是：在索取经费的清单上附上发票。
★Writing memos I.Teaching Procedure
Listening
Ss take notes from a telephone conversation.Language focus
Ss review language of requests in memos.Writing
Ss write a memo from their notes.II.Language Points
要点解析（听力2录音文字稿）
1．I didn‘t get back to you.动词短语：get back 有―回来‖、―返回‖的意思。在这里指的是给凯伦―回电话‖的事。
2．I‘ll e-mail him now.我马上给他发电子邮件。句中e-mail 用作动词，意思是发电子邮件。相关背景知识
备忘录、便条和通知的写作 1． 备忘录的写作特点
备忘录常用于公司组织内部，是联系工作、交流信息、处理日常公务时使用频率较高的一种便函，常由主管某项工作的人写给有关人员。因为用向外单位发送，写备忘录不需要称呼和结束套语。虽然备忘录文体格式不像正式公文那样严格，但却要求达到简明、易懂、切题的目的。
BEC Preliminary
（1）备忘录的结构
备忘录的便笺上常印有由公司名称和电话号码、备忘录（Memorandum 或：Memo）字样。很多机构都设计有自己专用的备忘录便笺。虽形式各有不同，但笺头部分通常都包括发件人、收件人、日期和主题或事由这几项，有的专用备忘录便笺上还印有供存档的编号。整个备忘录的内容由收件人、发件人、日期和主题或事由和主体组成。
① 收件人（to）: 这一栏写收阅人姓名和职务，如：To: Mr.John Smith, Marketing;To: Mrs.Karen Mithel, office Secretary;或者一群有关人员，如： To: Managers.② 发件人（From）: 这一栏是写备忘录人的姓名和职务，如：From: Henry Wallace, Sales Director.③ 日期（Date）:这一栏写备忘录当天的日期，如：I march 2003.④ 事由或主题（subject）: 备忘录的事由或主题通常以标题的形式出现，要求简洁达意，可不用动词，如 International Sales Conference.但也有的备忘录因内容不多，将这一项省略了，课文中的第二个备忘录便是一例。⑤ 主体（body）: 也叫正文（Message）.主体可长可短，但表述应尽力要求简洁正确，语言完整规范、准确正式。也就是说。内容应只接了当，尽量使用日常熟悉的词汇，单词拼写要正确，句子结构要符合语法，意义要完整、达意。要注意所表达的内容有效性，要用具体明确的词汇与句子。比如：I‘d like to meet you some time next week.语句虽然正确，但在体现明确的方
BEC Preliminary
面不如句子：I‘d like to meet you on the afternoon of next Tuesday 有效准确。另外，还应注意语言的得体性。（2）备忘录写作的语言
备忘录通常用于以下几种情况：第一，向某人、某部门提供信息；第二，确认在会议或电话中达成的协议或安排；第三，落实具体事项；第四，提供有关指示、说明或责任的文字记录。上面提到备忘录的语言应力求简洁、正确，语言完整、规范、准确、正式和有效。另外还有一点很重要，即应该注意语言得体性，尤其在通知或请求对方做某事的时候。比如：请求对方提供信息做某事时（asking for information）可以写作： Could you please send me…? Could you let me know …? Please book a flight ticket for me.Please see that…
在提供信息时（giving information）可以写作： The meaning director needs…
The annual report is due on 15 December.Salary sheets for the 3rd quarter should arrive at Manchester Head Office by next Monday.Henry Wallace is responsible for …
在对某事进行解释时（marketing explanations）可以写作：
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The reason is…
The problem was caused by… 2.便条的写作特点
与备忘录相比，便条的写作内容较简单，格式也没有备忘录那么正式规范，可以使用首字母缩写词和缩写词，省略主语、助词、冠词，可以只写名，不用姓和职务头衔来称呼对方，只要把事情说清楚就行了。
需要注意的是：虽然课文便条的范例中出现语法省略和使用首字母缩写词的情况，但实际考试对考生的要求是使用完整、正确、符合语法且达意的句子。2． 通知的写作特点
通知是一种上级对下级、组织对所属成员传达信息或布置工作的常用书面形式。同级部门之间需要互相转告，也可以发通知。通知的正文写作基本与备忘录的正文写作要求相同，即表述应力求简洁、正确，语言完整、规范、准确、正式。
需要强调的是：剑桥尚武英语的写作考试仅靠语法正确是拿不到高分的，还应该注意拼写、写作的常用套语和词汇、格式以及得体的语言等。商务信件的写作要遵守清楚、完整、简洁、得体这几项基本原则。
Homework
Self-study
BEC Preliminary
Unit 5a Facts and Figures Objectives: To enable Ss to describe trends
To practice reading for specific information
To review adjectives and adverbs
Materials needed: None ★An annual report I.Teaching Procedure
Reading
Ss read extracts from the Millennium Annual Report and answer ‗Right, Wrong, Doesn't say' comprehension questions.Speaking
Ss work in pairs and tell their partner what their own company's annual report will contain.II.Language Points
要点解析
1.Last year saw both the continued development of trends…。句中的动词saw(see的过去式)的意思是：（时代等）以 …… 为特点，历经；而不是―看，看到‖。例如：This week sees more changes in the packaging world.本周包装行业出现了更大的变化。Continued 是过去分词，相当于形容词的作用，修饰名词development.36
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2.Other sports titled are now amongst the company‘s brands.其他以体育项目冠名的产品如今也进入了公司的畅销品牌之列。句中介词amongst 等于among, 意思是：在…….中。
3.Further School ware titled to be launched this year… 句中不定式短语to be launched 修饰名词titled.4.buying power: 购买力
5.With computer shops, they now account for … 介词with 在句中的意思是：连同……, 加在……上。例如：His money with his wife‘s comes to a million.他的钱连同他妻子的合计有100万元，句中account for 的意思是：占……, 是…… 的原因。例如：North Sea oil accounts for a high proportion of our export earnings.北海石油占我国出口收入的很大一部分。
III.Speaking
参考词语和表达 in general 总的来说
the demand for 对…… 的需求
to show steady increase / growth in 表现出稳步增长的势头 to turn round a long-term fall in sales 扭转了销售长期下降的局面 There is a price fall in …… 出现了…… 的价格下降的情况
developing a range of multimedia educational software 开发多媒体教育系列软件
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IV.Grammar
要点解析
形容词在句子中主要修饰成分，对名词起修饰和描绘作用，如：There was a steady decrease in sales of office software.（作定语）Sales of educational software remained steady.(作表语)副词在句子中也主要作修饰成分，但副词主要用于修饰动词、形容词及其他结构，以表示程度、方式、时间、地点以及说话人的态度等。例如：Sales in Britain improved steadily throughout the period from 1994 to 1998.(修饰动词)Educational software is becoming increasingly important(修饰形容词)
★Describing graphs
Reading
Ss match sentences about Millennium with information in graph and bar chart form.Vocabulary
Ss complete word families: infinitive and past simple verb forms and nouns.Language focus
Ss review adjectives and adverbs describing degrees of change.Vocabulary
Ss complete gaps in two short texts about Millennium's performance.Ss focus on prepositions used to describe change.Speaking
Ss work in pairs and take turns to describe a graph or draw their partner's graph.(Activity sheets on pages 125
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and 129)★Homework Self-study
BEC Preliminary
Unit 5b Performance Objectives:
To enable Ss to talk about company
performance
To practice listening for gist and for specific information
To review the present perfect and past
simple
To practice talking about reasons and
consequences
Materials Preliminary needed:
Cassette-Pass Cambridge BEC ★Measuring performance I.Teaching Procedure
Listening 1
Ss listen to a presentation about a privatized company and complete a bar chart and a graph.Ss then listen again and answer comprehension questions.Language focus
Ss find examples of various uses of the present perfect and past simple tenses in the tape script and describe the use of these two tenses.Ss match sentence halves to make sentences in the present perfect or past simple.Speaking
BEC Preliminary
Ss do a Find someone who...exercises, asking questions about previous experiences.II.Language Points
相关背景知识
英国1994年开始对铁路系统实行私有化，并实行网运分离运作。1996 年开始由私营路轨公司接管了路轨、信号和车站的管理，并把乘客运输服务部分通过招标方式出售给多家火车公司经营，这些公司支付路轨使用费。多年来，拥有铁路的路轨公司与列车的运营者之间的关系一向都不愉快。英国是最早开展国有企业私有化的国家之一，大部分国企的私有化都相当成功，但2002年上半年，英国开始将私有化的地铁公司重新收归国有。要点解析（听力1录音文字稿）
1.In the years before privatization, the company made a lot of changes to prepare it for the free market.在实行私营化之前的几年里，公司就为准备进入自由市场进行了大量的改革。to prepare it for 的意思是：试使公司作好…… 准备。
2.I‘d like to draw your attention to figure three and four on …..我想请大家注意…… 上的图表3 和4。figure 一词在此作―图表‖解。3.to begin with a look at the bar chart:（我们）先看矩形图。Begin with 的意思是：首先,以……开始，例如：She begins with a club for birdwatchers.她以创办观鸟俱乐部作为开端。
BEC Preliminary
4.passenger revenue: 客流量收入。
5.Growth slowed from 2.4% in 1993/94 down to just 1% in 94/95.增长率1993年至1994的2.4%缓慢下降，到1994年至1995增长率仅为1%。Slow 在此为动词，意思是：（使）慢下来，（使）减速。例如：Business slows down at this time of year.每年此时生意渐趋清淡。
6.reduced costs and more efficient sales practices resulted in growth reaching 9.9% in 1995/96: 成本下降和效率更高的销售方式使1995年至1996的增长达到了9。9%。result in 的意思是：导致，造成。例如：The accident resulted in two passengers dying.这起事故造成两名乘客死亡。
7.I‘d like to look at figure four, which shows Great Easter‘s reliability and punctuality figures.我想大家看一看图4，上面有大东方公司在可靠性和准点率方面的数据。注意figure 在句子中的不同意思。
III.Grammar
要点解析
现在完成体和一般过去时
1． 现在完成体有两个基本用法，一是―已完成‖，另一个是―未完成‖用法。不论哪一种，现在完成体所表示的意义都与现在时间有联系，因此都不能与表示确定的过去时间的状语连用，这是现在完成体用法上一条重要的规则。例如
BEC Preliminary
不可以说：I have known him in 1999.但是，当表示过去时间的状语是由since 引导时，就不在此限。例如：I have known him since 1999.我从1999 年起就认识他了。
2． 一般过去时主要用于表示（确定的）过去时间的状态动作，例如：We went to the cinema and saw a very interesting film last night.昨晚，我们去电影院看了一场很有意思的电影。一般过去时也可以用于表示过去的习惯动作。例如：We went to school together when we were boys so we saw each other every day.我们小时候一起去上学，所以每天见面。3． 一般过去时表示的状态或动作都已成为过去，现在已不复存在。要点解析
介词for 和since 都可以用来引导时间状语，但要注意它们的意义和用法上的差异。For +时间名词表示时间的长度，即：―有多久‖。例如：She has lived here for years.她已经住在这里多年了（含有目前还在这里住的意思）。由 since 引导的词组表示从过去某一点开始的时段，一直延续到说话的时间，因而与完成体连用，例如：She hasn‘t been here since 1995.自1995年起她就不在这里了。
★ Explain result Listening 2
Ss listen to questions asked after the presentation and complete notes about the rail company.Ss then listen and complete multiple-choice comprehension
BEC Preliminary
questions.Language focus
Ss review language for giving reasons and stating consequences.Speaking
Ss ask for and give reasons for changes in their company.I.Teaching Procedure
要点解析（听力2录音文字稿）
1． Although we receive penalty payment from them for any due to the track, it doesn‘t help our reliability figures.虽然由于路线造成的延误我们可以得到违约款，但这并不能帮助我们提高可靠性方面的数据。句中help 的意思是：促进，助长。例如：The fall in the oil price will help our economic development.石油价格的下跌将有助于我国的经济发展。
2． We are also investing in new trains, which will lead to improve reliability levels.我们还将投资购买新火车，这将提高可靠性的水平。Lead to 的意思是：导致，通向。例如：This will lead to trouble in the future.这将导致以后的麻烦。The door leads to a beautiful garden.这扇门通向一个漂亮的花园。
3． The only way the companies can improve profits is by increasing passenger volumes.II.Grammar
BEC Preliminary
要点解析
1． Because表示原因时，后接一个分词；due to 表示原因时，后接短语。例如：You cannot go because you are too young.因为你太小了，不能去。
His success is entirely due to hard work..他的成功完全是因为他工作努力。
2． Therefore 和so 在表示―因此‖、―所以‖时意思相同，但therefore 比so 正式。
III.Speaking
参考词语和表达
could you tell me about… 请你谈谈……好吗？ Could I ask what /how … 能说说…… 吗？ That‘s why… 这就是为什么……
Due to the vestment in ….因为对…… 进行了投资。
The investing has led to /resulted in the growth in … 投资促进了…… 的增长。
What is a sharp rise in sales of… becomes better due to… 由于……, 顾客服务方面做得更好了。
★ Homework
Self-study
BEC Preliminary
Unit 6 Exam Focus: Reading
Objectives: To familiarize Ss with the content of the
Reading Test
To provide useful tips
To practice the Reading Test
Materials needed: None The Reading Test
T gives an overview of the Reading Test.How to succeed Ss read tips for doing the Reading Test.Exam practice(not a complete test)Part One: Multiple-choice.Part Two: Matching.Part Three: Matching(graphs and charts).Part Five: Multiple-choice.Part Six: Multiple-choice gap-filling.Homework
Revision
BEC Preliminary
Unit 7a Product Description Objectives: To enable Ss to describe products in general
terms
To practice listening for specific information
To review
language
for
talking
about
dimensions and comparatives and superlatives
To practice question formation
Materials needed: Cassette-Pass Cambridge BEC Preliminary
★ Presenting a product I.Teaching Procedure
Warmer
T elicits vocabulary related to board game.Listening 1
Ss listen to a presentation of new board games and identify pictures.Ss listen for more detail and identify what notes refer to.T reviews language related to dimensions.Languages focus
Ss form questions about the games.Speaking
Ss work in pairs and describe a board game they like.II.Language Points
要点解析（听力1录音文字稿）
BEC Preliminary
1.Morning everyone: 大家好，等于good morning everyone.英语口头表达趋向简洁，从这个例子可以窥见一斑。
2.as you know: 正如大家所知，众所周知，是引起他人注意的用语。3.Our latest products in our range of games: 我们的游戏玩具系列中的最新产品。
4.Which comes In two versions: 现在两种版本供应。动词come 在句子中不作“来，来到”解，它的意思是：被出售，被供应。例如：This dress comes in four sizes.这种女服有四种尺寸供应。
5.As you can see: 正如大家所见。与as you know 一样，这也是一句引起他人注意的用语。
6.The travel size, Mind twist, is obviously smaller… which measures just 23cm square.“脑筋急 转弯”旅行版的尺寸明显比较小，它的棋盘薄、轻、有磁性，只有23平方厘米。Just 的意思是：仅仅；square 的意思是：平方，正方形。
7.the four playing pieces are magnetic counters which are made of colored plastic.那四个带磁的圆形硬片是用彩色塑料做成的。Counter 的原意是筹码，在此可译为圆形硬片。
8.The standard version will retail at &17.99… 标准版的零售价将定为17.99英镑。Retail 在此为动词。
9.This is a card game for three to six players.这是一个可供3到6人玩的纸
BEC Preliminary
牌游戏。
III.Speaking
参考词语和表达
Bigger /smaller than 大（小）于
It measures 50X 50cm 其尺寸是50x50平方厘米 It weighs … 轻质的
The weight of it is…
它的重量是… Lighter and smaller 更轻也更小 Wooden playing pieces… 木质的棋子 Be made of colored plastic
用彩色塑料制成 It only costs
它的售价仅为…… The retail at … 以… 的价格销售 The retail price is
零售价格为 Easy to play 容易玩
This is a game for three or six players.这是一种可以供3或6人玩的游戏。The material of the playing pieces is …
棋子的材料是……
★ Describing a product I.Teaching Procedure
Listening 2
Ss listen to the same sales manager talking to a retailer and identify which games are of interest.Ss then listen
BEC Preliminary
again and answer comprehension questions.Language focus
Ss review comparatives and superlatives.Speaking
Ss work in pairs.They list and rank points they considered when buying something they both bought.II.Language Points 要点解析（听力2录音文字稿）
1.Board games are the big seller at the moment.棋盘种类的游戏目前很畅销。
Board games: 需要棋盘进行的游戏，如象棋，跳棋，围棋等。At the moment: 目前，当前。
2.So you might be interested in having a bigger range of our board games then.这么说，你是对我们种类多样的棋盘游戏感兴趣吧。Might:(表示可能，不确定等)可能，也许。
3.Are the instructions easy to follow? Some of your games have very complicated instructions.操作指令好懂吗？你们游戏的指令很复杂。动词follow 在此的意思是：领会，理解。
4．It‘s a card game based on the television programmed Collectables.这是根据一个叫做―收藏品‖的电视节目制作的纸牌游戏。
5．What‘s the recommended retail price for the Mind twist travel version? 脑
第三篇：自考_电子商务英语
Unit 1 What was her reaction to the news? 11． 你将负责全企业的协调工作。External threats must be considered to protect one’s
Important terms 9.他的写作方法别具一格.You will be responsible for the coordination of the whole reputation from harm
e-business process电子商务流程He writes in a very individual way.enterprise.3.著名品牌防止很多人加入进来与之竞争。
online marketing 在线营销10.你有能力把这工作做好.12．他们在大规模准备战争。A strong brand results in fewer competitive entrants.Word-Wide-Web interface 万维网接口You have the capability to do this job well.They are preparing the war on a grand scale.4.政府一贯愿意按照业界的行情而修改历法方案
financial transaction 财务往来 11.儿童的鞋子并不便宜----反而更贵.Unit7 Governments have consistently been willing to modify business model 商务模式Children’s shoes aren’t cheap – quite the reverse.Important terms legislative proposals following representations from customer service 客户服务 12 我们要在吃饭前把一切规划好.statements and payments结算清单与支付business.dispute resolution解决争端We should get everything planned out before dinner.e-money电子货币5.信息产品可以在顷刻间传遍全世界,所以特别有风险.customer relationship management 客户关系管理13.正如把电子商务战略融入整体商务战略种是重要的一样, 把electronic bill presentment and payment(EBPP)电子账单付Information products are particularly at risk as they can electronic billing and payment system电子付兑与付系统商务平价系统融入进来也同样重要.兑与支持instantly be disseminated worldwide.shipping document 运输单Just as it is important to integrate the e-business strategy transfer funds基金转移6.勿受坏榜样的影响.EDI 电子数据交换into the overall business strategy, it is equally important customer care客户关怀Don’t be influenced by bad example.Customs clearance 清关 to integrate business measures.billing department票据中心7.工业革命改变了整个英国的社会结构.Final customer最终用户 14.这一前景理论上可行, 但实际上吹嘘过渡.cross-sell交叉销售The industrial revolution modified the whole structure of Credit card verification信用卡鉴别 While possible in theory, the promise was clearly oversold.up-sell上行销售English society.Market niche 市场领域 15.为了获得市场份额, 他们必需竭尽全力.in-house program内部流程Unit 11
Software module 软件模块 To gain market share, they will go to great lengths.overhead 营业费用Important terms:
Important sentences Unit 4 customer relations客户关系Out of business破产
1.它已成为各贸易和商务的强有力的手段。Important terms credit card信用卡site traffic网络交通
It has become a powerful medium for commerce and business Chopping out margins on sales削减销售率润cost savings节约成本holiday revenues假日收入transaction of all kinds.search engines搜索引擎 individual spending habits个人购物习惯holiday sales假日销售
2.电子贸易指网上财务往来，电子商务指所有形式的网上the inventory / ordering system存货/订货系统Internet billing and customer management因特网结算与客户transportation hassles交通困难
交易。pricing structures价格体系管理online retailers网络零售商
e-commerce refers to financial transactions over the web and a mail-order operation通过邮购运作生意的方法account data账户数据potential sales潜在销售e-business refers to all forms of transactions over the Web.site loyalty对网站的忠诚度direct billing直接结算actual revenues实际收入
3.客户服务已经是并将继续是一个主要的竟争因素。the physical word现实世界centralized system中央系统buying attempt购买企图Customer service has been, and continues to be, a major automatic replenishment 自动再补给 data collection数据收集 potential market潜在市场
competitive factor.the local pricing 当地商店定价方法Important sentences actual losses实际
4.电子商务的交易通常涉及几个互动的步骤。a back order 延期交货 1． 她说出了种种理由，但没有一条令人信服。checkout process结账过程
E-business transactions often involve several interactive CEO总裁, 首席执行官She presented a variety of reasons, but none was convincing.place an order订购
steps.UPS联合包裹快递公司 2． 不管他说什么你都不要相信他。Important sentences:
5.那将给你极大的竟争优势。Federal express 联邦快递公司Don’t’ trust him no matter what he says.1.由于天气原因，航班已经推迟一个小时了。
That will give you a serious advantage over your apples-to-apples comparison同类比较3．每天早晨步行上班你就不用交公共汽车费了。The flight has been delayed one hour, due to weather competition.customer service客户服务Walking to the office every morning will save you from conditions.6.当你的公司电子商务化后，你与客户间的关系就改变commercial suicide商务自杀spending money on bus fares.2.很多人在网上购物只是图个方便。
了。online and offline 线上和线下4． 这个公司试图通过降低产品价格来促进销售。Many people buy things online just for convenience.When you become an e-business you transform your timely delivery及时送货The company tries to promote the sale by cutting down the 3.尽管有热切的购物者，很多电子商务公司还是遭受了重大损relationship with your customers.best-price guarantee最佳价格保障prices of its products.失。
7.客户关系管理在你的商务程序中起决定用。profit margin率润5． 他宁愿辞职也不愿意参与这种欺诈的交易。Many e-business companies suffer from great losses despite
Your most critical business process is customer national catalog全国商品目录He resigned rather than take part in such a dishonest eager shopper.relationship management.mail-order pricing邮购定价transaction.4.我不知道这本书是否值得一读。
8.我们必须尽最大可能利用我们已有源。product return产品回转6． 这位作家用四条情节线组合成了这部小说。I don’t know whether the book is worth reading.We must make the best possible use of the resources privacy policy 保护隐私的措施The author weaved four plots together into this novel.Unit12
we have.Important sentences 7． 他据绝了政府部门的工作而选择了大学的职位。Important terms:
9.男孩们依次被召入会见考官。1．你能确定我们定了房间吗?He refused a job in government in favor of a university Mobile telephony移动电话技术
The boys were summoned in turn to see the examiner.Can you make sure that we have a room reservation? appointment.interactive TV交互式电视
10.他做一切事情都不考虑后果。2．现代火车都有自动门.8．这本字典非常好。最好的一点在于他用例句来说明词汇的用法。smart cards智能卡
He does everything regardless of the consequences.Modern trains have automatic doors This dictionary is very good.Best of all, it provides Asia-Pacific region亚太地区
11.法官的权利由法律规定。3．一个公司的老字号并不一定能保证其质量.example sentences to illustrate the usage of words.traditional companies传统公司The power of a judge are defined by law.A famous old name on the firm is not necessarily a guarantee Unit 8 at the founding stage在创建阶段
12.商业电视是有效的广告宣传工具。of quality.Important terms in the text:winners and losers赢家和输家
Commercial television is an effective medium for 4．我们要提前准备所有申请材料.1.keyword 关键词industry sectors工业部门
advertising.We must have all the application materials prepared in 2.search engine 搜索引擎technology trends技术趋势
13.他们向她表示热烈欢迎。advance 3.browse浏览network economy网络经济
They extended a warm welcome to her.5．欧洲服饰被世界很多地方的人采用。4.search result搜索结果consumer market消费者市场
14.我把参考书放在书桌旁以便使用。European dress has been adopted by people in many parts of 5.subset 子集strategic development策略发展
I keep my reference books near my desk for the world.6.video/audio clips视频/音频夹e-business market电子商务市场
convenience.6．她没提到她的母亲没来。7.database数据库key success成功的关键
15.我们处在历史的紧要关头。She did not mention her mother’s absence.8.interface界面e-business space电子商务商业空间
We are at a critical time in our history.7．她给艾琳打了电话但没和她约去看她。9.adaptive probabilistic concept自适应概率概念real world真实世界
16.在那一瞬间，我以为他要拒绝了。She telephoned Ellen but made no arrangements to see her.10.concept clustering 概念聚类key issues焦点
Just for an instant I thought he was going to 8．他们今天发现的证据不能用来解释这个案件.11.concept profiling 概念描述true value真正价值
refuse.The evidence they discovered today doesn’t account for 12.multilingual searches多语言搜索success criteria成功标准
17.在过去的数年中，因特网已经从一个仅用于科研的网络the case.13.database management systems数据库管理系统Important sentences:
发展成了一个使新一代商务模式成为可能的平台。9．网络让你们建立起确实的一对一的动态关系。14.information and data retrieval 信息和数据检索1.我认为在这个市场上速度是第一位的。
Over the last few years the internet has evolved The Internet permits you to build a dynamic relationships 15.database integration数据库集成I think speed is of the essence in this market.form being a scientific network only , to a that are really one to one.16.intelligent search engines智能搜索引擎2.所有这些趋势都毫无疑问地对电子商务市场产生着深platform that is enabling a new generation of 10．它确实需要你重新思考你的整个经营方式和管理企业的策略。17.neural network神经网络 远的影响。
business.It really involves rethinking the entire way you do business Important termsAll of these trends ate undoubtedly having a
Unit 2 and how you run your organization.1.这依次失败使我太灰心了，我不想再尝试了。profound effect on the e-business market.Important terms 11．钱本身并不重要，重要的是钱的用途。I was too discouraged by this failure to try again.3.结果非常令人不满意，和我们所期望的恰恰相反。
Just-In-time / Direct Site Delivery 及时供应制Money is not the end itself, but the application of it is 2.那机会太好了, 不能错过.The result was rather unsatisfactory, as opposed bandwidth带宽 most important.That’s too good an opportunity to miss.to what we had expected.target market目标市场Unit 5 3.这本书不但有用而且有趣。4.那个计划已开始就注定要失败。
DigiCash 电子现金 Important terms This book is not only useful but also interesting From the start, the plan was doomed to fail.delivery and payment mechanism 交货与付款机制 Online information线上信息4.他宁可自己做衣服而不愿意去商店买。5.供水条件的改善会给健康带来巨大的影响。
search engine搜索引擎information network 信息网She prefers making her own clothes instead of buying them Improvement in water supply can have a dramatic URL统一资源定位器 site traffic 站点访问量in the shops effect on health.PGP 一个基于RSA公匙加密体系的邮件加密软件growth rate增长率5.这个主意在理论上和实践上都站不住脚。6.在某种程度上，男性更容易找到报酬高的工作。Downward industry trend 行业下滑customer base顾客群In theory as well as in practice, the idea is unsound.To a certain extent, it’s easier for men to get cost overruns成本超支product description产品描述6.从一方面来说这个项目花费太大，另一方面也太难实施。well-paid work.hacker intrusion黑客入侵database数据库On the one hand, the project is too expensive;on the other 7.成千上万的人都参与了四年一度的选举活动。computer virus计算机病毒 return rate退货率hand it is also too difficult to carry out.Thousands of people were involved in the election Profit / loss statement 损益表follow-up calls售后服务电话7.这很便宜, 但另一方面质量不好.campaign held every four years.Cash-flow 现金流量 sales figures销售额It’s cheap, but on the other hand, the quality is poor.8.应该由你决定是否实施这一计划。
Balance sheet 资产负债表CyberCash电子货币公司8.你的这些乱七八糟的东西占了太多的位置.It’s up to you to decide whether to carry out this tangible benefit有形利益online venture网络公司Your clutter takes up far too much space.plan or not.intangible benefit无形利益sales tax销售税9.只有这样你们才能改善那里的局势。
R&D研究与开发 top seller最畅销的货品Only in this way can you hope to improve the situation there.information technology 信息技术10.那些不说英语或不以英语为本族语的人在互联网上受到很大完形填空
Important sentences Important sentences 的限制 __ in different countries........is free to leave.1.我们扼要说明了我们对该建议的反对意见.1．我有时感到区分西班牙语和葡萄牙语很困难.People who do not speak English or who are non-native English 1.people2.majority3.conventional4.something5.asWe outlined our major objections to the proposal.I sometimes have difficulty distinguishing Spanish from speakers have many disadvantages on the web.6.judge7.is cut up
1.报告中有一段谈到工作中的事故问题.Portuguese Unit 9 8.cooking9.using10.with11.leaving12.free13.of14.material The report has a section on accidents at work.2． 当说导他父亲时, 他就一言不发了.Important terms: s15.passed16.the next
2.这辆汽车很废汽油.When it comes to his father, he keeps silentbuying leverage购买17.when18.excused19.leave20.removes
The car consumes a lot of fuel.3． 虽然我比珍妮出门晚, 但我比她提早到达晚会现场.spending analysis开支分析 It is not surprising......but consistent rate.3.你可以把不重要的细节删除.Although I left home later than Jane, I arrived at the party supply chains供应链1.hardly2.associate3.in the open air4.bottles of You can cut out the unimportant details.ahead of us value chains价值链wine5.There is nothing6.in spite of7.for
4.这项新的税收将迫使公司采用节省能源的措施.4． 他们施压让她接受轿车的较低价格.ERP software企业资源管理8.home-produced9.destroyed10.such11.as12.during13.a The new tax will force companies to adopt energy-saving They put pressure on her to accept a lower price for the car maverick purchasing个性化购买 great deal14.disappear15.until
measures.5． 你把耽搁归咎于什么呢? purchase requisition cycle购货清购周期16.die17.because of18.drink19.ever20.at
5.提高了生产力理应增加工资To what do you attribute this delay? order initialization订单初始化Koalas look like.....peacefully.Improved productivity justifies an increase in wages.6． 刘易斯创了新的世界记录.availability checks有效性核查1.but2.their
6.只要买了保险就不会遭受损失.Lewis has set up a new world record status tracking状态young3.do4.spend5.nearly6.drink7.means8.on9.First10.off1When you are insured, you are secure against loss.7．如果资金缩减的话，我们将无法提供同等水平的教学。rogue / off-contract buying非契约1.top12.an inch long
7.务必打个电话让我们知道你已安全地回家.We will not be able to provide the same standard of teaching approval cycles受理周期13.breast14.after15.between16.climber17.so18.on19.groups Be sure to ring and let us know you’ve got back safely.if there are funding cuts.workflow工作流程20.as
9．健康欠佳可能成为取得成功的障碍 8． 我们正在制定新的策略提高我们时常的占有量。review and approval process检查批准流程Paul and his sister,......they became______.Poor health may be a barrier to success.We are working on new strategies to improve our share of the approval channels受理渠道1.took2.supposed3.had
10．该公司宣布率润增加market.trending tools流行taken4.supplies5.so6.by7.additional8.they9.themselves10.The company has declared an increase in profit.9． 我们花了一整天的时间开车回家。ERP systems企业资源管理系统over11.leave
11．他悉心好学弥补了经验不足 It took all day for us to drive home.back-end integration后台整合12.who13.both14.pretty15.noise16.to17.their18.did19.for2His lack of experience was balanced by his willingness to 10． 邮件一天两次送达到我们办公室。Metcalf’s Law迈卡尔夫定律 0.separated
learn.Mail is delivered to our office twice a day.Several regions.....serious cyclone.12．你必须有计划地安排些步以便将你的提议变成现实。11． 在求学的道路上，我们准备克服很多的困难。Important sentences 1.to2.cause3.scale4.general5.defined6.way7.circulates8.BYou must lay out the steps to make your proposal a reality.On the way of study, we must be ready to grapple with 1.丈夫一人的收入便可以让家里过上相对宽裕的生活。ut9.In terms of10.undergoes11.occur
13.该计划应对如何达到目标市场描述。(overcome)many difficulties.The husband’s income alone allows the family to live a 12.Usually13.unpopulated14.a
The plan should describe how the target markets are to be 12．我们必须想办法进入敌人的电脑获得情报。comparatively well-to-do life few15.does16.striking17.However18.severely19.warning reached.We have to manage to get access to enemy’s computer an then 2.我们必须依照制度办事。20.advance
Unit 3 get the intelligence.We have to act according to rules.A penguin(企鹅)is....the ground.Important terms Unit 6 3.罢工的失败使公司恢复了正常的公共汽车营业。1.on2.southern3.Others4.farther5.currents6.orginate7.butPlanning horizon规划远景Important terms The collapse of the strike enabled the company to resume 8.catch9.millions of10.when11.into
business unit 营业单位Marketing市场营销normal bus services.12.as13.make14.dense15.from16.their17.raise18.land19.mandistribution channel 配销渠道eCRM电子商务客户关系管理4.我也喜欢文学，但没有到他那样的程度。y20.bare
business process re-engineering BPR 流程再造 Web technology互联网技术I love literature, too, but not to the extent as he does.Jogging is becoming one of........is not recommended.CRM 客户关系管理client顾客5.与同时代的妇女相比，她受到了更多的教育。1.fastest2.are
buy-in 补偿购入customized software按顾客要求制作的软件Compared with women of her age, she had got more education.starting3.recent4.that5.sight6.more7.for8.take board 董事会customer information客户信息Unit 10 up9.because10.of11.needed
earnings per share 每股收益field technician实地技术人员Important terms: 12.Another13.for14.Besides15.very
return on investment 投资利得率automated reports机器自动生成的报告legal counsel法律顾问much16.it17.who18.thing19.when20.with legal entity 法人实体customer’s buying preference顾客的购物喜好external environment外部环境Every four years,......last
business unit(BU)经营单位IP address IP地址legal environment法律环境1.compete2.participate3.speed4.broken5.in6.take new economy新经济workflow工作流程business activity商业活动place7.before8.ready9.into10.house11.designed end user最终用户virtual private network(VPN)虚拟专用网resolving disputes解决争端12.with13.rarely14.At
B2B企业对企业的营销模式customer support用户支持下corporate endeavor共同努力first15.committee16.bands17.official18.its19.leads20.in B2C企业对客户的营销模式solution 解决方案 traditional business传统商业honor of
brick-and-mortar enterprise实体企业Important sentences numerous variables无数变量Human beings act in.....thing___.market share市场份额1．那是个令人尴尬的境地，需要技巧。local law当地法律1.that2.Even3,simple4.as soon net loss净亏损It was an embarrassing situation that called for tact commercial value商业价值as5.performed6.use7.reach8.in9.keep strategic objective 战略目标2．我觉得她在利用他的良好品质。legal considerations法律因素10.long11.then12.reason
discounter price 折扣价格I think she is taking advantage of his good nature human resources人力资源13.sight14.idea15.think16.from17.unable18.for19.languageplanning horizon计划周期3．这个国家的大多数人口集中在北部。customer loyalty客户忠诚20.continuously
enterprisewide 企业范围的Most of the country’s population is concentrated in thedomain names域名Not all pain.....the product.Important sentences north information products信息产品1.alike2.away3.still4.turn5.has been
1．我们要尽快做出决定.4．严寒使水结冰。enforceable transactions可执行交易practiced6.develop7.gently8.pain9.hand-held10.combines It is imperative that we make a quick decision.Frost turns water into ice.traditional transaction传统交易11.advanced12.uses13.which14.on15.way16.relief17.sore18.2．旅行课开阔人的眼界.5．这常需要制定软件。key factors关键因素To find19.consult20.built
Travel broadens one’s horizons.It often calls for customized software.electronic payment电子支付As the plane.....landing.3.我们很有可能得到这笔钱.6． 灾害是公众的注意力集中到化学废料问题上。electronic signature电子签名1.wrong2.in3.appeared4.but5.almost6.informed7.anyone8.at It’s quite feasible we’ll get the money.The disaster focused public attention on the problem of consumer protection law消费者保护法last9.After10.Moving11.were being
4.在多数情况下, 这种疼痛很快就消失chemical waste.legal issue法律争端Sent12.below13.close to In most cases,the pain soon goes away.7． 你的广告有人反馈吗？ liability risk 责任风险14.soon15.circle16.when17.Following18.field19.safely20.c
5.税收增加已经影响了我们所有人.Did you have any answer to your advertisement yet? online seller在线买方ongratulate
The tax increases have affected us all.8．让自己溶入一个文化背景完全不同的社会很难。legal intervention 司法干预Steve wanted.....amazement.6.评价一个人要充分考虑他的成绩.It is very difficult to integrate yourself into a society information privacy 信息隐私 1.but2.dates3.in4.anyway5.inquired6.his7.indifferent8.coWe should take full account of his achievements while whose culture is so different from your own.Important sentences: nsider9.finally10.down11.On12.sitting evaluating someone.9． 很多公司声称他们需要有经验的雇员。1.这些法律要素以复杂的方式相互关联。13.someone14.nervous15.pretending16.had
7.我们有够十个人吃的食物吗?Many companies claim that they need experienced employees.These legal essentials relate to one another in a complex failed17.To18.conversation19.later20.that Do we have sufficient food for ten people? 10． 总裁说我们需要实施一个新的计划。way.8.她对这消息的反应如何?The chief executive said we needed to launch a new project.2.必须考虑外在威胁以保护名誉免受破坏。
第四篇：电子商务英语重点词汇
商务英语翻译
II.请翻译下列标识语。（1）
（1）
Left Baggage
行李寄存
（2）
Photography and video are not permitted inside the building 楼内禁止拍照、录像
（3）
Foreign Exchange(Services)外币兑换（服务
（4）
Particulars Of Membership 仅限会员（入内/使用）
（5）
Customers Lounges
旅客休息室
标识的语言特点
1.大量使用名词短语、动词短语或动名词http://www.xiexiebang.com/
具有指示、说明性质的标识往往使用名词短语，以直接、准确无误地传达特定信息。如Fast Lane快行道、Conference Centre会议中心、Food & Beverage餐饮部、Business Centre商务中心、Road Work正在施工、Tollgate收费站、Check-in登记入住、Baggage Office行李房等。而具有强制、限制性质的标识大多使用动名词或祈使句，以将公众的注意力集中在所要求采取的行动上。如No Spitting严禁随地吐痰、Please Do Not Disturb 请勿打扰、Mind the Gap注意站台缝隙、Please Use Revolving Door请使用旋转门、Beware Obstruction小心障碍。在翻译过程中我们也应采用相应的名词短语或祈使句句式，力求在语气、信息度等方面做到较好的匹配。
2.文笔凝练、措辞精确
标识多省略冠词、代词、助动词等，仅使用实词、核心词汇，以供人们在最短的时间了解最准确、最直接的信息。从词汇方面来看，尽量减少复杂词汇和多种时态的动词；从句型方面考虑，简单明了的祈使句是标识用语常用的句型。标识语的字数往往精简到最低限度，如City Bus Only市内公共汽车专用、Post-paid邮资已付、Danger危险、Admission Free免票入场、Beverage Not Included酒水另付等，只需短短两三个单词就表明了意思。此外，标识用语有时甚至会借用一些简单的字母或数字代替单词，例如：4 SALE出售、Merry X’mas圣诞快乐，等等。
3.具有很强的规约性
由于历史沿革和语言文化习惯等因素，很多标识用语的翻译都已约定俗成，不宜随意变更。如“油漆未干”可能会被译作“The paint is not dry.”或“The paint is wet.”，这些译法虽然从语法来讲完全正确，但容易造成理解上的障碍或不便，因此不宜采用。事实上，这个标识语 “地道”的译法是“Wet Paint”，既简洁明了又完全符合英美人的语言习惯。类似的例句还有“双向行驶”、“远离火源”，分别译为“Two Way” 和“Keep Fire Away”。在标识语翻译中，译者应多留意英美国家常用的规范标准的标识用语，尽量使用和汉语标识相应的、地道得体的英语语汇进行翻译。
4.使用大写字母，省略标点符号
如STOP、EXIT、DEAD END等，汉译英时，英文需大写。
5.语言运用力求引人注目。
尤其是商业标识(Business Signs)及店铺的招牌(Signboard)，更要追求夸张的效果。例如EOM(End of Month)Sale月终大廉价、Grand Sale/Bargain Sale大甩卖、Big Price Plunge大削价，等等。
标识的翻译
II.标识的翻译技巧（2）1.去繁从简
在特定的语境中，某些标识在被翻译成另一种语言时，其语用的含义比词语本身的含义更重要。这时，译者应删除繁琐部分，仅保留足以传达标识语功能和目的的词汇。例如：“青岛是我家，清洁靠大家”常被译作 “Qingdao is our home, its cleanness depends on all of us”。从表面上看，该译法似乎说得过去，字字忠实于原文。但仔细分析不难发现，该译法明显受中文表达习惯的影响，不仅累赘，而且容易让外籍人士产生困惑。正确的翻译应该是“Keep Our City Clean”。该译法既简洁凝练，又意图明确。类似地，“注意安全，请勿攀爬单边墙”（Pay attention to your safety, don’t climb the single wall.），“遇到火灾，勿用电梯”（When there is a fire，don’t use the elevator!）就可以相应地简化为 “No Climbing!”，“Don’t use the elevator in case of fire!”。
2.遵从习惯，使用规范标准的标识语
标识用语具有很强的规约性。受语言习惯的影响，很多标识语的翻译都已约定俗成，不宜随意改动。例如：我们外出常见到的“小草微微笑，请你走便道”、“请勿践踏”等标识语就不能生硬地译为“Little grass is smiling slightly, please walk on pavement.”，而要按照英语的习惯直接翻译成“Keep Off the Grass”。再比如：“前方修路，请慢驾驶”和“该路段为单行道”可以按英语习惯分别翻译为“Road Work Ahead”和“One-Way”。
3.程式化套译
英文标识语的结构比较固定，程式化的套语运用广泛，因此翻译时可以采用程式化套译。例如表达“禁止做某事”可以套译为“No+名词或动名词”的形式，如禁止掉头No U Turn、禁止入内No Admittance、禁止停车No Parking、禁止吸烟No Smoking等；表示“专用”，可以采用“名词+Only”的形式，如贵宾专用VIP Only、儿童专用Children Only等；表示“请勿做某事”，可以采用“Do Not +动词”的表达方式，如请勿触摸Do Not Touch、请勿扔垃圾Do Not Litter等。4.反面着笔http://www.xiexiebang.com/
英汉两种语言在逻辑思维方面存在着差异，在翻译时，可从反面着笔把原意表达出来。标识语的翻译可以通过这种方法成功地实现汉英转化。如“请勿将头伸出窗外”翻译为“Keep Head Inside Vehicle”而不是正面表达为“Don’t put your head out of the window.”。再比如：请勿触摸Hands Off、无烟商场Smoking Free Store、工地危险，禁止入内Danger，Building Site，等等。
商用标识的翻译
下面分类介绍商用标识的翻译。商用标识的范围很广，总体上可以分为商务出行标识、商场标识、企业标识等。
商务出行标识（Business Travel Signs）商场促销标识（Promoting Signs）企业标识（Company Signs）
商务出行标识（Business Travel Signs）
商务出行涉及商务交通、商务住宿等各个方面。因此，交通标识、商务住宿标识就成为商务出行标识的主要内容。
交通标识包括道路指示牌、交通安全提示牌、限时限速的指示牌等等。以下是一些常见的交通标识：
Avoid the Jams 避免交通堵塞 Airport Lounges 机场休息室
Airports Shuttle 机场班车 Arrivals 进港
Bus Stand 公共汽车停车处
Check In Area(Zone)办理登机区 Customers Lounges 旅客休息室
Certain stations are closed on public holidays.假日某些车站关闭 Dangerous Bend 弯道危险
Diverted Traffic 交叉路口
Departure Time 离港时间
Departure Times On Reverse 返航时间
Departures 出港 Destination Airport 到达机场 Entry To Motorway 高速入口 Exit To All Routes 各通道出口 Flight Connections 转机处
In case of fire, stay in vehicle 如遇火警，请呆在车内 Inquiries/Assistance 问讯处
Keep your belongings with you at all times 随时照看好你的物品 Left Junction 左交叉口
Low Bridge Ahead 前方桥低
No Stopping at Any Time任何时间不准停车 Left Baggage 行李寄存 Luggage from Flights 到港行李
Luggage Reclaim 行李提取
No Parking in Front of This Gate 门前禁止停车
Pedestrian Crossing 人行横道
Please Keep Gateways Clear 请保持过道畅通 Parking Permitted 允许停车 Passport Control 入境检查
Please leave your luggage with you at all times 请随身携带你的行李 Road Closed 此路封闭
Return Fares 往返票价
Speed Limit of 48kmh 限速每小时48公里 Strictly No Parking 严禁停车
These seats are meant for elderly and handicapped persons&women with child.老人、残疾人及抱小孩的妇女专座 Toilet Engaged 厕所有人
When the bus is moving, do not speak to the driver.汽车行驶中，严禁与司机交谈
Welcome Aboard 欢迎登机 Single or Return Tickets Only 单程或往返程票 Cancellation 取消
DND=Do Not Disturb 请勿打扰 Extremely Well Equipped 设施配备精良 Fully Centrally Heated 中央暖气全部开放 Function Room 宴会厅
Food and Beverage Department 餐饮部
Front Office Reception前台办公室
Housekeeping Department 客房部
Indoor Swimming Pool 室内游泳池 Lobby Bar 大堂吧
Laundry 洗衣部 Morning Call 叫醒服务
Night Porter on Duty 夜间有行李搬运服务生 Night Club 夜总会
OOO=Out of Order 已坏 Reservation 订房部 Room Service 送餐部
Stay a minimum of 3 nights and receive 1 extra night free 最少住三晚，另外免费一晚
Tea/Coffee making facility in all bedrooms 所有卧室配有沏茶和煮咖啡的设施 tips=To Insure Prompt Service 小费 VIP=Very Important Person 贵宾
Waiting List 等候名单
Standard Room 标准间
商场促销标识（Promoting Signs）
商场促销标识主要指商场里面一些特价通知、楼层商品公告等相关信息。以下是一些常见的商场促销标识：
50% Off on Selected Lines 部分商品降半价
Accessories & Spares Delivered to Your Door 配件送货上门 As Many Repairs As You Need, Free of Charge 随时免费维修 Best Choice and Best Discounts 最佳选择，最大优惠 Big Sale 大甩卖
Brighter Shopping, Brighter Prices 明智的购物，透明的价格 Buy One and Get Anyone Free 买一赠一
Closing Sale 关门大甩卖
Customer care is our top priority 顾客至上 Final Clear Out 清仓大甩卖
Free Delivery to Your Door 免费送货上门 Offer is subject to availability 现货优惠，卖完为止 Sale at Breakdown Price 跳楼价甩卖
Save Up to 40%
6折优惠
Savings and Discounts all Around the Store 店内所有商品均削价处理
Special Offer 特价
Try Before You Buy 先试后买
企业标识（Company Signs）
企业标识主要指用于企业对外宣传和内部的一些标识，包括企业部门的名称、警示语等各个方面。以下是一些常见的企业标识：
Advertising Department 广告部
Branch Office 分公司
Business Office 营业部
Close the Door Behind You 请随手关门
Electrically Operated Gate 电动门
Export Department 出口部
Floor Cleaning in Progress 正在清扫地板
Finished Product Area 成品区
General Accounting Department 财务部 General Manager 总经理室
General Affairs Department 总务部 Head Office 总公司
Human Resources Department人力资源部 Interview in Progress 正在面试
International Department 国际部
Import Department 进口部 Lift out of Order 电梯发生故障
Meeting in Progress, Quiet Please 正在开会，请保持安静 Meeting Room 会议室
Material Control Department 物料部
No food is to be consumed in this area 此处不准吃食物 No Littering 勿乱扔废弃物
No Smoking in This Area 此处禁止吸烟
Please Wait Here for Enquiries 请在此等候咨询 Personnel Department 人事部 Production Department 生产部
Quality Control Department 质管部
Research and Development Department(R&D)研发部
Secretarial Pool 秘书室
Sales Department 销售部
Sales Promotion Department 促销部
This is a smoke free building 楼内禁止吸烟 We do not buy at this door 谢绝推销
常用翻译方法
常用翻译方法系列：直译法和意译法（1）
直译是指译文不仅表达原文的内容，还保留原文的表达形式，比如保留原文所使用的比喻、形象、民族特色等，使读者从译文中能得到与原文大致相同的感受。直译法一方面有助于保留原文的风格，另一方面又有助于从他国引进一些新鲜、生动的词语和表达方法。但直译并不是死译或硬译。例如：
（1）In some automated plants, electronic computers control the entire production line.译：在某些自动化工厂，电子计算机控制整个生产线。（直译）（2）Demand has the same effect on the height of price as production.需求有同样的影响在高度的价格上像生产。（死译）
译文：该翻译既不忠实原意，又不符合汉语的表达方式。正确的译法为：
需求像生产一样会影响价格。
（3）Challenge the limits 挑战极限（三星）
（4）Winning the hearts of the world 赢取天下心（法国航空公司）
（5）Hand in Hand, Future in Your Hand 伴你同行，齐握未来（太平洋人寿）
（6）Striving today for all your tomorrows 为你未来，做好现在（中银集团）
公共场所标识
Children and Senior Citizens Free 儿童与老人免费
Do Not Enter, Alarm Operating 装有警报，禁止入内
Do Not Put(Place)Bicycles Against The Railings请不要把自行车靠到栏杆上
Fire Construction Points to Note 注意消防设施 Fire Escape, Keep Clear 消防通道，保持通畅 Fire Exit Only 仅作安全出口
For Public Use 公用 Free of Charge 免费
Fully Air Conditioned 空调全面开放 Gates in Use Night & Day 此门昼夜使用
Lavatories 厕所
Gents /Men/Man’s lavatory 男厕
Waiting Room and Ladies/ Woman’s lavatory 女厕 No Admittance 禁止入内
No Bathing, Fishing Allowed In This Pond 此池塘禁止游泳，垂钓 No Charge 不收费
No Entry For General Public 公众不得入内
Non-Smokers Only
仅供非吸烟者
Obstruction of the door can be dangerous 禁止堵塞门口 Open All Year Round/ Open All Year 全年开放 Opening Hours: 开放/开门/营业时间
Please do not leave rubbish here 请不要在此倒垃圾
Please feel free to smoke in the lounge 休息室允许吸烟 Please Use Other Doors
请走其他门
Private Function Only 只供私人使用
Public Toilet 公厕
Unauthorized posters and advertisements will be persecuted 未经允许，禁止张贴广告，否则追究责任
Under Repair, Do Not Operate
正在修理，不能使用
旅游标识
15% Off With This Flyer 持本广告八五折优惠
A Place To Relax And Unwind 一个让你放松身心的地方
All-Inclusive Ticket 票价包括所有费用
Cafeteria Available
提供自助餐
Access All Day 全天开放
Admission Is Free 不收门票 Reserved Seating 预订座位
Safe and Reliable 安全可靠 Self-Catering
可自己做饭
Shopping Offers
提供购物机会 Child Reductions 儿童优惠
Concessions(票价)优惠
Day trip to...……一日游
Free Entry for All 向所有人免费开放 Children under 12 half price throughout season 全季12岁以下的儿童半价 Discounts available for pre-booked groups 团体提前预订优惠
For more detailed information please call...欲知详情，请打电话…… Free children admission with full paying adult 成人全价票，所带儿童免费
Free entry to over 60 attractions
免费到60 多个景点旅游
Free for accompanied children under 16 Years of age所带16岁以下儿童免费 Tours Take Up To Two Hours 游程两个小时
Tours Are Held Throughout The Day 旅游活动全天进行 Tours Have Live English Commentary 旅游配有现场英语解说
Electronics 电子学，电子工业 Grocery 食品杂货店 Clothing 服装 Outdoors 户外 Indoors 在室内 Fashion 时尚，时装
Accessory 副的，配件，附件 Beauty 美丽 Blue-ray 蓝光 Gift card 礼品卡 Fragrance 香味 Deal 交易 For sale 出售 Discount 折扣 Coupon 赠券 Top-rated 一流的 Best-seller 畅销书。Visa card 签证 Wish list 愿望清单 Cart 用车装载 Auction 拍卖 Return 返回
Key Features 主要特点 Inch 英寸
in stock 有存货，现有 out of stock 缺货
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第五篇：关于电子教案的说明
关于电子教案的说明
这里仅仅给出了比较完整的两套结构力学电子教案，课程组其他老师在这两份教案的基础上结合自己的教学体会做了适当的修改，几乎人人都有教案。因为大同小异，故课程组其他老师的教案或堂案等从略。
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