短句变长单句

第一篇：短句变长单句

一、单句和复句的区别

句子按照结构来划分，可以分为单句和复句。单句一般只有一个主谓结构。

复句则有两个或两个以上主谓结构，互相独立，互不包含。

（l）单句只有一套句子成分而复句有两套或两套以上的句子成分。例：就坚定不移地为当时的进步事业服务这一原则来说，我们祖先的许多有骨气的动人事迹，还有它积极的教育意义。

这句话的主语是“事迹”，谓语是“有”，宾语是“意义”。句子虽长，只有一套句子成分，因此，它是单句。

（2）复句则有两个或两个以上主谓结构，互相独立，互不包含。例：剧是必须从序幕开始的，但序幕还不是高潮。

这句话，前一分句的主语是“剧”，谓语是“开始”，后一分句的主语是“序幕”，谓语是“是”，宾语是“高潮”。这句话有两套句子成分，所以它是复句。例：我头疼，要去看医生。这句话前一分句的主语是“我”，谓语是“头疼”，后一分句承前省略了主语“我”，谓语是“去看”，宾语是“医生”。这句话有两套句子成分，所以它是复句。

二、短句改长单句方法 短句变长句从语法上说，就是要以一个核句为主体，将其它的句子变为核心句的修饰成分。

其基本步骤是：

1、确定主干句（核心句）。主干句常常是一组短句中的肯定性判断句或结论性语句。

2、把其余短句转化为短语，分别修饰主干成分。把短句转化为修饰性短语时，要安排好各个修饰成分的层次顺序，使其修饰恰当，合情合理。

短句改长句可按两种类型来进行 1．一般类型的短句改为长单句

一般类型的短句改长句的步骤是先要在短句中找到一个表达中心意思的支撑句，然后将其他有关的短句看成句子成分，将短句改为短语，插到状语、定语的位置上(多是插到宾语的定语这个位置上)。要注意改后对句子进行调整，注意句子之间的关系。

第一步：确定主干句（核心句）。

主干句常常是一组短句中的肯定性判断句或结论性语句。第二步：把其余短句转化为短语，分别修饰主干成分。

把短句转化为修饰性短语时，要安排好各个修饰成分的层次顺序，使其修饰恰当，合情合理。

例1 ①、里克特是德国著名作家。

②、他出生于资产阶级家庭，与歌德生活在同一时代。③、他是“穷人的歌者”。

④、他的散文《两条路》向人们展示了人生道路上惊心动魄的选择。第一步、确立主干句（搭主干）

前三个短句都是介绍作家里克特的，第四个短句是介绍他的散文《两条路》的，那么综合考虑，应确定第四句为主干句：里克特的散文《两条路》向人们展示了人生道路上惊心动魄的选择。

第二步、将其余短句变成修饰“里克特”的短语。

改写后如下：出生于资产阶级家庭、与歌德生活在同一时代的著名德国作家，“穷人的歌者”里克特的散文《两条路》向人们展示了人生道路上惊心动魄的选择。

例

2、将下面的几个短句改成一个长句（可适当增减词语）,做到既保留全部信息。①中央电视台将于2004年9月26日和27日播出一专题片。②播出的频道和时间是:第五套节目23点;第二套节目18点。③该专题片为《雅典奥运会—金牌背后的故事》。第一步、确立主干句（搭主干）

通过分析第二个短句是修饰说的是专题片的播出频道和时间，第三个句子说的是专题片的名字都可作为“专题片”的修饰语，所以确定第一个句子为主干句：中央电视台将于2004年9月26日和27日播出一专题片。第二步、将其余短句变成修饰“专题片”的短语。

改写后如下：中央电视台将于2004年9月26日和27日在第五套节目23点和第二套 节目18点播出名为《雅典奥运会—金牌背后的故事》的专题片。

2．整合句子成长单句，给概念下定义

提取所给材料中的要点，整合成一个单句，给某个概念下定义，是近两年出现较多的短句改长句的形式。

下定义的形式可以是“什么是什么”或“什么叫做什么”。要找出该定义的本质内容，删掉与本质无关的内容，然后将剩下的内容变成修饰语按一定的顺序排列到定义的形式结构中。例

1、给“《红楼梦》”这部书下一个定义：

①、《红楼梦》反映了我国封建社会腐朽、衰败的历史过程。

②、我国清代的曹雪芹从1754年开始写作《红楼梦》。

③、《红楼梦》的主线是贾宝玉、林黛玉、薛宝钗的爱情悲剧。

④、曹雪芹披阅十载，增删五次写成了现实主义文学巨著《红楼梦》。

⑤、《红楼梦》以封建大家庭贾府为描写中心。

⑥、《红楼梦》曲折的表现了反封建的深刻主题。

第一步、确立主干句（搭主干）

根据下定义的形式确定句子的主干应该是：《红楼梦》是一部什么样的书。根据短句提供的信息，可确立主干句为： 《红楼梦》是现实主义的文学巨著。

第二步、将其余短句变成修饰“现实主义”的短语。

这一步，关键是根据短句内容的相近性将其作有效组合，并在组合的过程中删去不必要的主语或指代词。根据内容，可作如下组合：②④谈写作经过，③谈线索，①⑤⑥谈书的内容主题。

改写后如下：《红楼梦》是我国清代的曹雪芹从1754年开始，披阅十载，增删五次而写成的，以封建大家庭贾府为描写中心，以贾宝玉、林黛玉、薛宝钗的爱情悲剧为主线，来反映我国封建社会腐朽衰败的历史过程，曲折的表现了反封建的深刻主题的现实主义文学巨著。

例

2、给“泥石流”下一个定义：

① 泥石流是一种突发性洪流。

② 泥石流往往发生在山地高原地区。

③ 泥石流的多发地区往往地形陡峻，多泥沙石块堆积。

④ 泥石流发生时往往会出现特大暴雨或大量冰融水。

⑤ 大量的水体浸透，冲击大量泥沙石块，形成泥沙石块和水的混合体。

⑥ 泥沙石块和水的混合体在自身重力作用下发生运动，形成沿陡坡急速奔泻的突发性洪流。

第一步、确定主干句根据提供的信息，主干句应是：泥石流是一种突发性洪流。第二步、将其余短句变为短语，作宾语中心语“突发性洪流”的修饰成分。根据内容组合，②③指出泥石流发生的地点，④谈泥石流发生时的表现特征，⑤⑥谈突发性泥石流的形成。删去不必要的成分，定义如下：

泥石流是山地高原地区地形陡峻的山坡或沟床中堆积的泥沙石块，在被特大暴雨或大量冰融水浸透、冲击后而形成的泥沙石块和水的混合体在自身重力作用下发生运动，沿陡坡急速奔泻的突发性洪流。

三、习题集锦

1、把下列句子改写成一个长单句。（原句内容不能省略）①数学上的莫比乌斯定理是极其抽象的。②陈先难教授是中国著名的物理学家。

③陈先难教授用它解决了物理上一系列既重要又困难的逆问题。

④1990年3月，英国《自然》杂志以整版篇幅评论和祝贺陈先难教授。

【参考答案】1990年3月，英国《自然》杂志以整版篇幅评论和祝贺用数学上极其抽象的莫比乌斯定理解决了物理上一系列既重要又困难的逆问题的中国著名物理学家陈先难教授。

2、以“西德范例教学理论”为表述对象，将下面三个句子组合成一个语意通顺的单句。（不得改变愿意，可适当增减字词）①理论界认为二战之后有三大新教学论流派。

②这三大新教学论流派是：前苏联赞科夫的“教学与发展实验”教学理论，美国布鲁纳的“结构主义”教学理论和西德的“范例教学”理论。③西德的“范例教学”理论兴盛于20世纪五六十年代。

【参考答案】兴盛于20世纪五六十年代的西德“范例教学”理论，被理论界认为是二战之后产生的与前苏联赞科夫的“教学与发展实验”教学理论，美国布鲁纳的“结构主义”教学理论并列的三大新教学论流派之一。

3、把下边几层意思组合成一个形式为“古人类学工作者认为……的外界因素”的长单句。(1985年高考全国卷)①古人类学工作者认为大片森林的消灭是造成古猿发生以下变化的外界因素。②古猿从树上转到了地面。③为了适应地面生活逐渐运用两足行走。

【参考答案】古人类学工作者认为，大片森林的消灭，是造成古猿从树上转到地面，为适应地面生活逐渐运用两足行走的外界因素。

4、根据下文内容，用一个长句表述“古典主义”的定义，内容不能缺失。①古典主义是17世纪欧洲出现的一种文艺思潮。②主张以古希腊、罗马为典范，所以叫“古典主义”。③主要代表人物有拉辛、莫里哀、高乃依等。④他们尊重王权、崇尚理性，在艺术上追求高雅、和谐、均等的统一。

【参考答案】古典主义是17世纪出现于欧洲的以拉辛、莫里哀、高乃依等为代表的主张以古希腊、罗马为典范，主张尊重王权、崇尚理性，在和谐、均等的统一的一种文艺思潮。

5、提取下列材料中的要点，整合成一个单句，解释“端午节”。(不超过35字)(2006年湖北卷)①端午节是我国民间的一个传统节日，又称端阳节。②端午节的时间是在每年的夏历五月初五这一天。③端午节的起源说法不一，但大多认为源于纪念投汩罗江自沉的战国时楚国爱国诗人屈原。④过端午节人们通常要赛龙舟，今年湖北就举行了龙舟竞渡活动，香港、澳门也派了代表队参加。⑤过端午节时南方各省区人们通常要吃粽子，这是用箸叶包裹糯米而煮成的一种食品。

【参考答案】(端午节是)我国夏历五月初五以吃粽子、赛龙舟等形式纪念屈原的一个民间传统节日。6、1．请将下面的句子重组为一个单句，不能改变句子的原意。(1999年高考全国卷)如果说，苏东坡的盖世才华是他让无数的后人崇敬和偏爱的首要因素，那么他的儒雅与豪放、既富于正义又富于情感的天性则是令人崇敬与偏爱的又一个原因。【参考答案】苏东坡让无数后人崇敬和偏受的原因是他的盖世才华和儒雅豪放、既富于正义又富于情感的天性。

7、提取下列材料的要点，整合成一个单句，为“遗传”下定义。(2003年高考全国卷)①遗传是一种生物自身繁殖过程 ②这种繁殖将按照亲代所经历的同一发育途径和方式进行 ③在这一过程中，生物将摄取环境中的物质建造自身 ④这种繁殖过程所产生的结果是与亲代相似的复本

【参考答案】 遗传是一种按照亲代所经历的同一发育途径和方式进行的、摄取环境中的物质建造自身、产生与亲代相似的复本的一种生物自身繁殖过程。

8、提取下列材料的要点，整合成一个单句，对“二十四史”作一解说。(可适当增删词语，不得改变原意)(2004年高考浙江卷)为封建统治阶级提供历史借鉴是二十四史的编撰目的。封建统治者称二十四史为“正史”。纪传体是二十四史采用的体例。对中国四千多年来的历史，二十四史所作的记录是比较系统的。【参考答案】二十四史是为给封建统治阶级提供历史借鉴而编撰的、对中国四千多年的历史作了比较系统的记录的、以纪传体为体例的、封建统治者所谓的“正史”。

9、将下面的四个短句改写成一个长单句，要求语言通顺，语意不变。可适当增删词语。（不超过85个字）①近日，中国科学家打造出了一顶新颖的“纳米皇冠”。②皇冠制作的原材料是铂金。③皇冠的制作运用了分子纳米技术。④皇冠制作过程中得到了中国自然科学基金委员会“纳米科技重大研究计划”小组以及中国科学院“百人计划”小组的支持。

【参考答案】：近日，在中国自然科学基金委员会“纳米科技重大研究计划”小组以及中国科学院“百人计划”小组的支持下，中国科学家运用分子纳米技术打造出了一顶新颖的铂金“纳米皇冠”。

10、请根据下列语句，给“流星雨”下定义。(3分)（2006年辽宁卷）①流星雨是流星群与地球相遇时产生的一种自然现象。②流星雨发光的原因是受大气摩擦。

③流星雨发出的光亮如同从一点迸发出的焰火。④流星雨如下雨一般。

【参考答案】：流星雨是流星群在与地球相遇时，因受大气摩擦发出如同从一点迸发的焰火般的光亮而又状如下雨的一种自然现象。

11、提取下列材料的要点，整合成一个单句，为”条码”下定义。（可删减词语，但不得改变原意）①条码是一种特殊符号。

②表示商品信息的数字代码转换而成一组黑白相间的平行线条。③这种特殊符号是由这些平行线条组合构成的。④条码一般印在商品包装上或附在商品上。⑤条码标志商品的身份。

【参考答案】条码是一种由表示商品信息的数学代码转换而成的一组黑白相间的平行线条组合构成的，一般印在商品包装上或附在商品上，标志商品身份的特殊符号。

12、将下面3个句子整合为一个单句。（可调整语序、适当增删词语，不能改变原意）

①王力先生认为，中国旧诗以音布、平仄相间构成抑扬美。②王力先生认为，中国旧诗的音乐美分为抑扬美和回环美。③王力先生认为，中国旧诗以同韵字来来回回的重复构成了回环美。答：

【参考答案】王力先生认为中国旧体诗的音乐美分为以音布、平仄相间构成的抑扬美和以同韵字来来回回的重复构成的回环美。

第二篇：·单句

·单句

１、单句的种类：

单句是由短语或单个的词构成的句子。

可分为主谓句非主谓句两类。

(1)主谓句：由主谓短语带上一定的语气语调构成的句子。例如：

茶桌擦得滑溜溜的发光。

他非常健康。

(2)非主谓句：由主谓短语以外的其他短语或单个的构成。例如：

飞机！

站住！有人敲门。

２、几种特殊单句：

主谓句中，动词谓语复杂多样，有些句式在结构和表达上有些特殊句式有：把字句、被字句、连动句、兼语句、是字句、存现句。

(1)把字句

把字句是主谓句的一种。句中谓语一般都是及物动词、而且不能是单个儿的动词，应当是单个短语和动词的连用形式。例如：

我们把豹子打死了。

郭全海把玉石眼追了回来。

(2)被子句

被子句是被动句，是主语接受动作的句子。被动句中的主语是受事者，由介词“被”引了主动者与“被”字构成的介宾短语在句中作状语。例如：

豹子[被我们]打死了。

有时句中只有介词“被”没有主动者（被的宾语）如：

在罗马百花广场，布鲁诺[被]活活烧死了。

把字句和被字顺的典型结构都是：“主语＋状语＋动词＋补语”，口语中常用“叫”“让”“给”来代替“被”。

(3)连动句

连动句是用连动短评充当谓语的句子。连动句的谓语就是两个动词短语（很少用单个动词）连用。两个动词短语，互不作成分，而是共同作谓语，但在语义上有目的和方式、原因和结果、先和后的关系。因此短语的位置顺序不能相互颠倒，中间也没有语音停顿。如：

他搜集着一片片的干苔藓烧水喝。（目的）

凭着他的求生的意志，他还是挣扎着蠕动爬行。（方式）

由于长期的劳累过度，李老师终于生病住院了。（因果）

综上所述，判断一个句子是不是连动句主要三点：

一是必须有两个动词连用陈述一个主语。

二是两个动词短语互不作成分，而在意义上有目的，方式，原因，结果，后先的关系，位置不能互换。

三是两个动词短语中间不能有语音停顿。

(4)兼语句

兼语句是用兼语短语充当谓语的句子。它有下列特点：

第一，兼语句的谓语是由动宾的宾语，兼做主谓短语的主语。例如：

母亲 叫 闰土 坐

“闰土”既作“叫”的宾语，又作“坐”的主语，“闰土”因一身兼二任，所以叫做兼语。

第二，兼语句多有命令的意思，所以句中前一个谓语

多由使令动词充当。常见的使令动词有：使、让、叫、派、命令、吩咐、禁止、请求、选举、教、劝、号召等。此外

前一个谓语也可以是“有”字。如：

大家一致选小萍做代表。

我有个弟弟今年考大学。

第三，兼语句中兼语的谓语（第二个动词）是前边动作所要表达的目的或产生的结果。即兼语前后两个动词的语义上有一定联系。如：

护士叫他快去请大夫。（“去请大夫”是“叫他”的目的。）

这不由得使我们想起松树的风格。

句中的兼语的谓语“想起”是前一个动词“使”的结果。

连动句，可以连续叙述一个人的几个动作；兼语句，则可以连续叙述几个人的几个动作。连动句可以扩展，连动套接兼语；兼语句也可以扩展，兼语套接连动。如：

叔叔｜打电话叫我去。

妈妈｜叫禁止小妹骑车乱闯。

(5)是字句

是字句专指由动词“是”构成的判句。在是字句中，“是”的作用是判断主语和宾语的关系。主语和宾语有两种关系，一是同一关系，二是从属关系。同一关系就是对等关系，一般的“定义”就是这种关系，即甲＝乙。如：

正方形是四条边等长、四个角相等的四边形。

从属是主语属于宾语，即宾语是一个大类，主语是其中之一。如：

《读者文摘》是杂志。

(6)存现句

表示人、事物存在或出现、消失的句子是存现句。存现句的特点有三：

第一，主语常是处所词或时间词。如：

门口｜站着两个兵。

台上｜坐着主席团。

第二，存现句的谓语多是表示存在、产生、消失的动词，即不表示动作，只表示动作产生状态的持续。如：

海上｜升起了一轮明月。（表示出现）

到处｜是欢乐的从群。（表示存在）

第三，存现句的宾语往往是动作的发出者。因此有的存现句可以转换为一般主谓句。如：

门吕站着两个兵－－两个兵在门口站着。

台上坐着主席团－－主席团在台上坐着。

３、单句的复杂化和单句的分析

一个单句的各个成分都由词来充当，这个单句就简单，如果由复杂短语充当句子的某一个某几个成分，单句就复杂了。这各复杂短语的道理是一样的。

复杂单句概括起来说有两大类：

(1)单句的主语由短语或复杂短语来充当。如：

（白求恩同志毫不利已专门利人）的精神｜鼓舞着我们。（主语由偏正短语充当）

他们是世界上一切伟大人民的优秀之花。（宾语由偏正短语充当）

(2)单句的附加成分复杂化。如：

这是（我的老朋友）的作品。（定语由编正短语充当）

1949年10月1日，毛主席在天安门城楼上向全世界人民庄严宣告：“中华人民共和国成立了！”（状语由多个短语充当）

我们的同学来（自全国各地）。（补语由介宾短语充当）

还有的句子由复句结构充当了句子成分。如：

我相信，雷锋的样样不仅给我们指出了正确的生活道路，而且加强了我们同一切旧思想、旧习惯坚决斗争的勇气。

复杂单句要进行分析时，需先找出主干。单句的主干是指把句中所有的定语、状语、补语都压缩掉以后剩下的部分，也就是主语（或主语的的中心语）＋动词（或动词的中心语）＋宾语（或宾语的中心语）。找出句子主干常常是检查病句的好方法。

分析句子的具体步骤如下：

第一步，用“｜”表示主谓句，界分主语和谓语。“｜”之前是主语，“｜”之后是谓语。如上面例名句(1)和(2)

第二步，再分别分析“｜”前的主语和“｜”后的谓语。例如：

（鲁迅先生的第一个）特点｜是（他的政治）远见。

（严肃的对待文章内容）的人｜ {一定也在文章形式方面}提出（严格）要求。

一般情况下，句子分析到此就可以了。如果某一成分是个复杂短语（如例句(2)的主语）还可以用框式图解法进行再分析。如：

严肃 的 对待 文章 内容 的 人

│ 偏 正 │ │偏正│ │

└─┬──┘ └─┬┘ │

│ 动 宾 │ │

└───────┘ 偏 正 │

└────────┘

分析句子，明确句子结构，不但可以更好地理解句意，同时能够检查出成分之间搭配是否合适，句子是否完整等。

第三篇：·单句分类

·单句分类

*单句分类:

A.主谓句：

1.名词谓语句：后天||中秋节。

2.动词谓语句：

a.一般句式:荷花||开了。

b.特殊句式：

<1>把字句:他们(把)对方打败了。

<2>被字句:对方(被)他们打败了。

<3>连动句:我(去)书店(买)书。

<4>兼语句:校长叫(主任)主持会议。

<5>是字句:我们(是)龙的传人。

<6>存现句:(讲台上)放着黑板擦。

3.形容词谓语句：建筑||雄伟。

4.主谓谓语句：这部电影||我看过。

B.非主谓句：

1.名词非主谓句:漂亮的玫瑰花！

2.动词非主谓句:立正！

3.形容词非主谓句:多好啊！

4.叹词、拟声词非主谓句:嗨！叮铛！

*句子基本成份和主干

(定语)+主中||[状语]+谓中+<补语>+(定语)+宾中

(他)的 妈妈|| [只] 牵 <回>(一头)+小牛

主中＝主语中心语 谓中＝谓语中心语 宾中＝宾语中心语

口诀：

主谓宾、定状补，主干枝叶分清楚。

定语必居主宾前，谓前为状谓后补。

状语有时位主前，逗号分开心有数。

*句子常见毛病：

1.成份残缺：听了老山英雄的话，使我受到很大的教育。

（缺主语。要么“讲话”作主语,去掉“听了”;要么“我”作主语,去掉“使”。)

2.搭配不当：路旁种植着果树。

（动宾搭配不当）

3.语序不当：这是有效的管理学校的方法。

（修饰语序不当，“有效的”应挪到“方法”前）

4.句式杂糅；我前天观赏了这个根雕是很有特色的。

（“我前天观赏了这个根雕”和“这个根雕是很有特色的”。）

5.不合事理:今天,班主任把许多同学的父母和家长请来了。

（“父母”包括在家长中，与“家长”不能并列，应去其一。）

第四篇：单句改错

Part1.高考短文改错试题设置形式

短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（/）。并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不记分。PartII 常见错误：

1、行文逻辑

2、上下文一致

3、词的搭配和词本身的用法

一、行文逻辑错误

语意矛盾：and-but

come –go

luckily-unluckily

here-there 语意重复：because-so;

though-but;

repeat-again;

improve-better;enter into;

marry with;

in last week;

all what;

the place where he lives in;the girl whom he works with her;主系表+to do it.练习：

1.I like singing, my brother likes playing football.2.Do you like sports? If not, join our football team.3.Unless you lose heart ,you’ll fail.4.He wrote to me immediately as soon as he got there.5.Though it was cold, but he went out.二、上下文一致 1.时态一致 2.主谓一致 3.指代一致

4.平行结构前后要一致

5.名词单复数与修饰语和上下文要一致 1.时态一致

1)I would like very much to come but I had an examination tomorrow.2)He offered me coffee and other drinks.We have a good time together.3)I’m sorry, I forget to post your letter.2.主谓一致

1)The students watches the teacher doing the experiment.2)Helping him are worthwhile.3)He as well as his friends know nothing about it.4).Not only he but also I keeps it a secret.3.指代一致

1)Pass Rose and I two pieces of bread, please.2)The football team has done well this year.All of their members have tried hard.3)He drove too fast and the police stopped her.4)This is true that he died in an accident yesterday.5)This is the best film which I have ever seen.6）The weather in Beijing is warmer than it in Jilin.4.平行结构前后要一致

1)He came in, opening his book and began to speak.2)She was eating her sandwich and drank her milk at the table.3)He wanted his children to come out and played.4)The more he has, and the more he wants.5)Sitting down, and he began to work.6)I live in Beijing，where is the capital of China.总结：平行结构连接词：and;but;or;both...and;not...but, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but(also), rather than，instead of

5.名词单复数与修饰语和上下文要一致 1)只修饰可数名词：a large/ great/ good number of, a good/ great many, dozens of, scores of, quite a few 2)只修饰不可数名词：a great deal of, a large amount of, quite a little 3)抽象名词具体化：a success;a failure;a surprise, 4)物质名词表一场、一杯、一份 a heavy rain;a coffee 5)常见的不可数名词：fun;advice;information;furniture;progress;luggage/baggage 6)零冠词：

1.三餐、季节和学科

2.表职务、头衔的表语、同位语或补足语

3.球类运动和棋类游戏

4.by+交通工具 练习：

1)We study quite a few subject, such as maths , Chinese and physics.2)He gave me some valuable advices on how to learn English.3)It is pleasure to help others when they are in trouble.4)Large quantities of water is needed for cooling purpose.5)A overpass should be bulit over the road to avoid accidents.三、词的搭配及词本身的用法 1.动词

1)We should stop the children from play fire.2)He sat under the tree ate an apple.3)He wanted try it again.4)Do you know where he is lives ?

5)What your favorite sports? 6)The song has taught many times.7)What had been happened? 8)Play basketball is his favourite sport.9)He reading English in the morning every day.10.The news was really excited.11.He across the street quickly.12.The water is felt cold.13.He made me to post a letter for him.14.Working hard and you’ll succeed.总结：非谓语用法：主动关系用doing,被动用done ①实意动词一般时前不用be;

②vt被动不可缺be； ③vi不能被动故无be;

④系表结构中不可少be.2.形容词和副词

①系动词+形容词 ② 主 谓 宾+补语（形容词）

③形容词 +名词 ④句子+形容词（伴随状语）

① V +副词 ② 副词 +形容词③副词 + 副词④副词 +过去分词⑤副词 + 句子 1)The fish has gone bad.It tastes terribly.2)He walked very slow.3)The bad news made us sadly.4)People have been great helped by the computer.5)They think high of their new teacher.6)This dancer is much more younger than that one.注意：副词与形容词含义不同

l)close接近地

closely仔细地，密切地 2)free免费地

freely自由地，无拘束地 3)hard努力地

hardly几乎不 4)late晚，迟

lately近来 5)most极，非常

mostly主要地 6)wide广阔地，充分地 widely广泛地

7)high高

highly高度地，非常地 8)deep深，迟

deeply抽象意义的“深”

9)loud大声地

loudly大声地(含有喧闹的意思)10)near邻近

nearly几乎 做题步骤：

1.浏览全文，掌握大意

2分句阅读，逐行找错

3.检查核对，攻克难点 总结：

1.浏览全文看语意

2.句为单位查一致

3.逐个词汇找搭配

4.句子结构成分对

改错专题

一．“ 九见九查”法

（一）见平行结构（and连接）。查是否有用词不一致的错误 1.The doctor suggested plenty of food ,rest and exercising

2.She was eating her sandwich and drank her milk at the table when I arrived.3.She screamed , pushed him away and run to her room for the rest of the day.（二）见比较结构，查是否有形容词等级，程度副词，比较连词，比较对象的使用错误 1.Tom is clever than John.2.People in the modern world generally live much more longer than people in the past.3.Tom is as clever than John

4.There are more trees in villages than cities

(三)见有转折，因果，对比等句子结构，查是否有行文逻辑错误 1.I like singing , my brother likes dancing

2.A lady came to the window with the ball and shouted at the boy , and he ran away.3.Though I worked hard , but I failed to pass the exam.(四)见有多重句，查是否有时态语态混乱，引导词不当，成分缺失错误 1.He said that he is writing a new novel 2.Our task has finished so far.3.Whether you pay the cost of sending a postcard, the librarian will write to you.4.Tom asks Mark if he knows the man is speaking to him

（五）见有名词，代词，查是否有数、格、指代错误 1.Different people speak different language.2.Tom book is on the desk.3.The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.（六）见有并列主语，从句做主语，动名词，不定式做主语，时间，距离，金钱等做主语，together with 等引导的成分修饰主语时，查是否有主谓不一致错误 1.Tom and John is good students.2.That the earth is round are known to us.3.What he needs are money.4.What he wants is three books.5.The family are a rich one and the family is very friendly.6 Playing football not only makes us grow tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit

7.Thirty dollars are enough.8.She as well as her brothers are fond of studying English.（七）见有短语，词组，查是否有固定结构中副词，介词或冠词使用不当错误 1.Suddenly I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd.2.When he came back , he found someone had broken in his house 3.In a fact he has three sons.4.Tom is seriously ill and he is in the hospital now.(八)见非谓语动词，查是否有非谓语动词使用错误 1.I enjoy watch TV.2.If heating , water can be changed into steam.3.She stood there , waited for his boy friend.(九)见有特殊动词或句型，查是否有句子语气错误 1.He ordered that the work must be started at once.2.It is high time that you go to school.讲后练：

（一）.Twenty minutes aren’t enough time to finish this test.2.Tom has sent to the nearest hospital.3.Whenever we couldn’t understand him, he will explain for us.4.They were made do the job from morning till night.5.Every means have been tried , but he won’t lose heart forever.6.How beautiful picture he has drawn!7.He was a medical student before he turned a writer.8.I was very angry ,but they were very angrier.9.She not only teaches our English , but also takes us out and shows us around.10.I will never forget the days when we spent together.11.He came to tell us that he had seen there.12.If you can pass the exam depends on how hard you work.13.We were having classes while someone knocked at the door.14.Nobody likes to be laughed as a fool.15.I want to find a hotel to live.16.We have to stay at home because the heavy rain.17.The reason why I didn’t go to France was I got a new job.18.If you will study hard , you will succeed.19.He was ill and his parents suggested that he had a medical examination.20.Today we invited Mr Bill , he is from England , to give us a lecture on how to improve our reading ability.讲后练

（二）：

Dear Peter

I’m sorry to hear that any of your classmates make a fun of you and you feel upset.Now I’d like to give you my suggestions.First of all ,you should take a right attitude to your disability , that is important.Secondly ,you’d better to ignore others’ remarks.Only in this way can you feel happy.Thirdly , it also help to believe in yourself and you will make a lot true friends.I’m sure what those who laugh at you will change his views on you sooner or later.I hope my advices will work and you can live happy.二 语法错误

（一）动词错误

1.Whenever we couldn’t understand him , he will explain for us.2.He was ill and his parents suggested that he had a medical examination.3.Nobody except my parents know anything about it.4.Tom is one of the students who is from Beijing.5.Tom is the only one of the students who are from Beijing 6.Twenty –five dollars are too much to pay for that shirt.7.Fifty minutes aren’t enough time to finish this test.8.Ten miles seem like a long walk to me.9.Tom has sent to the nearest hospital.10.The bike outside is belonged to him

11.You can’t borrow it so long.12.I have bought the book for three days.13.They had got in touch with each other for ages.14.He wanted to see the report about an important football match the night before.15.All the visitors will be separated into four groups.16.He felt someone shouting at him.17.They were made do the job from morning till night.18.The boy went over at once , opened his umbrella for the grandpa.19.Today , too many trees are still been cut through the world.20.The boy stood over there is my little brother.21.For the most part , students working to earn money for their own use 22.When everything ready , the party began.(二)名词错误

1.It is a great fun to go skating on cold winter days.2.Every means have been tried , but he won’t lose heart forever.3.He suddenly appeared on a rainy night ,which was great surprise to us.4.He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests.5, Your knowledges of Greece can help the whole class.（三）冠词错误 1.Go and close window.2.I bought a book yesterday and book is ten yuan.3.Do you know older of the two boys ? 4.Whenever he eats out , he always eats a lot of food and spends too long a time at restaurant.5.I only want small supper.6.How beautiful picture he has drawn!7.Holding the Olympic Games is great success to a country.8.He died of the cancer.9.Mr.Li was elected the chairman of the meeting.10.He was a medical student before he turned a writer.11.On the way to the village , they met a 11-year –old boy

12.It is pleasure to help others when they are in trouble.13.The Turners are musical family.14.I have been living in the city for five years , five years makes a deep impression on me.15.His daughter plays piano very well.16.Finally we had good idea.（四）形容词与副词错误

1.He was lying in the hospital half deadly , with his ribs broken 2.What he said sounded quite perfectly , 3.It was raining heavily , Little Mary felt cold , so she stood closely to her mother.4.Teachers should receive farther education to catch up with the later development.5.Greenland , the large island in the world , covers two million square kilometers..6.It is generally true that the lower the stock markets fall , the high the price of gold rises 7.I was very angry , but they were very angrier.8.He is more cleverer than Tom.9.I feel fairly better today..The quicker a car is travelling , the longer it takes to stop.11.The book is very difficult for me.12.The members of the group are most young people 13.He mostly fell down.14.Tell the children to keep still , it’s not necessary to be anxious.15.I hope that you think about my request and visit us as soon as possibly.16.…… but he has to work if he wants to live comfortable.(五)代词错误 The twins begin to hate this kind of work with a force that destroy his happiness.2.She not only teaches our English , but also takes us out and shows us around.3.I teach me English.4.I think we will enjoy ourself.5.Oh ,dear.There are always not any taxis when you want it.6.He never helps other.7.He and his children felt tired but neither of them would stop for a rest.8.Today we invited Mr Bill , he is from England , to give us a lecture on how to improve our reading ability.9.He came to tell us that he had seen there.10.I will never forget the days when we spent together.11.Would you like any tea ?.There were 20 people around but no one helped the old man.13.---What is in the box ?----None 14.We need more three chairs.15.A bridge made of stone is stronger than that made of wood.16.The weather in Hangzhou is hotter than it in Beijing in summer.17.My pen is lost , and I’ll buy it.18.If you keep still , you can sit at both end of boat.19.Surely I’m expecting lots of sightseeing tours ,parties and another exciting things.（六）介词错误

1.In that particular evening ,there was a strange excitement in the air.2.The sunlight came in across the windows in the roof and lit up the whole room.3.All of us had a good time on that day.4.I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.5.Last Sunday we took a bus to visit to a farm.6.Unfortunately he found no room to live.7.Then they talked about what they had done since they graduated a university.8.Nobody likes to be laughed as a fool.9.He lives on 25, Nanjing Road , Shanghai.10.He helped the old man over the street.11.Your composition is good except a few spelling mistakes.12.On the font door stood a five-year –old boy from across the street.13.After autumn arrives , the city looks as an old man with falling from the tree.(七)情态动词错误

1.You can have a passport if you want to go abroad.2.Jeff mustn’t have been working hard for hours.He is not feeling tied.3.Some students may also to save up for their college or future use.4.He will recover soon.You can’t worry about him.5.Drivers can’t drive after drinking.6.You need be careful with your homework.7.Why can you do it that way.（八）连词错误

1.Which you can see , he is always ready to help others.2.Do like I told you.3.He was reading then he was walking.4.The thief handed everything which he had stolen to the police.5.I am happy as you passed the exam.6.Go to find your watch.It’s there where you left it.7.How an interesting story he told us!8.I can’t remember the thing what he told me.9.If you can pass the exam depends on how hard you work.10.We were having classes while someone knocked at the door.11.Because we’ve finished most of the work , let’s have a rest.12.As hard he works , he can’t catch up with his classmates.13.I became very active but made new friends.14.While they find fish come to the surface , they fly down immediately and catch them without delay.三 句法和行文逻辑错误

（一）固定句型错误

1.When the child was a little boy , his mother was very poor that she had to send him to a rich family.2.It took him several hours persuade her to give up the idea, 3.I spent three hours do my homework.4.It was in 1986 when I went to college.5.He was just about to get on the bus then he heard someone calling him.6.How do you think of the film?

7.How is the weather like today ?(二)简单句错误

1.There had a discussion on how to solve the problem yesterday afternoon.2.There are three students study in the room.3.Which do you prefer , horse riding and shooting? 4.His parents didn’t allow him to do that , did he? 5.You have never been to Beijing , haven’t you ? 6.Holding yourself steady and you will not lose the balance.7.Tom , you water the flowers , don’t you ? 8.How beautiful flowers he gave me!9.How difficult problem it is!(三)复合句错误

1.The clever boy made a hole in the wall , through it he would see what was happening inside the house.2.I’ll never forget the days when we spent in Qingdao

（四）行文逻辑错误

1.This was a lie ,and his teacher did not know.2.Clever as she is , but she works hard.3.Hi , everyone.First , let me tell you something more about myself.4.John and Jack went to the same school and then to the same university.So they hadn’t met each other since then.5.I’ll never forget the first day at the factory , we arrived here early in the morning.6.There were many great people in history.But many of them are poor in childhood.Schools were few and not good.They couldn’t depend on it for a good education.四

直击高考

（一）多一词的情况（介词，副词，连词，代词，助动词，冠词，小品词 to）1.The secretary told me that the manager was busy and I should come at some other tome.2.I met my uncle in last Sunday.3.At the last time I saw her , she was playing with her friends near the river 4.When we got to his house , we found him in home.5.The crowd waited for to greet them in England.6.Her strength made me stronger and gave to me courage to try things..7.It is about 200 miles far away from London , and it has a very big schoolyard.8.Although he is very young , but he can retell the story very fluently.9.My parents sent me an e-mail to ask whether how I was getting along with my studies.10.In some parts of the forest where you can find large groups of monkeys which are jumping up and down.11.Since you have visited Greece several times , so I would like to know whether you have seen the old buildings there.12.He writes about books about his travels and about the wild and wonderful animals that he collects them.13.The movement of the parts is beautiful to watch it if they are clear.14.I read your e-mail to my parents and showed them the photo you sent it to me.15.My first one job was to clean the tables in a small restaurant

16.If you will study hard , you will succeed.17.She had taught us English when I attended training courses two years ago.18.This experience has been shown that travelling by air actually is the safest way of making journeys.19.I’m glad to learn that you’ve been settled down in Boston ….20.We hung a sign on the front door that was read : “We’re having dinner.Come back later”

21.Wang Ping was badly ill last night.He was sent to the hospital.22.I told the boy not to write silly things in the public places.23.Music can bring people a pleasure.24.I’m glad you have made such a great progress.25.I will let someone to repair the TV set.26.On cold winter days , many cold-blooded animals have nothing to do but to go to their cave and sleep.27…..he can have the great happiness of seeing himself to make steady progress in his job.28.…..you always gave me special attention and inspired to me to join in activities.(二)缺一词的情况（介词，连词，冠词，小品词，代词，助动词）

1.I want to find a hotel to live 2.The ice is too thin for us to skate

3.We must pay attention to the use our body makes the food.4.We have to stay at home because the heavy rain.5.He was looking for a glass the cupboard.6.Because the help you gave that summer , my life changed.7.If the book you want is out , you may ask it to kept for you.8.The ground is wet , it rained last night.9.The reason I didn’t go to France was I got a new job.10.We had hardly finished our housework WangPing came to our house for a visit.11…..it seems always difficult for me to do things well as them.12.Birds , for example , have wings enable them to fly into the air at the sight of enemy.13.I put my bike outside a shop and went into the shop , forgetting to lock.14.And I came to understand that was not easy to earn money.15.First , the population is increasing , and more gas and other fuels are used.16.…..and I wonder if you’ll free then so we could chat about the good old days.17.I’m very pleased to say that all of us greatly improved our English.18.Browns are all living in China.19.We have a music class once week.20.Man traveled to moon scores of years ago.21.Tomorrow is Sunday , we don’t need get up early.22.We were made work day and night in the factory.23.I will attend her birthday party if she invites me.24.I’ll send my friend Charlie meet you at the airport when you arrive.25.I’m writing to ask you come to our class for a visit.

第五篇：撒谎鼻子变长的故事

撒谎鼻子变长的故事简介

撒谎鼻子变长的故事主要为你讲述的是镇上的老伯伯用木头做了一个小孩叫匹诺曹，老伯伯对匹诺曹爱不释手想认匹诺曹做儿子，匹诺曹去上学的时候因为爱看戏团，被骗要交出金币最后是仙女救了匹诺曹，因为匹诺曹的爸爸在在身上设了机关，只要说谎鼻子就会变长，匹诺曹再也不敢说谎话了，因为说了谎

撒谎鼻子变长的故事原文

小镇上，住着一位专门做玩具的薛贝特老伯伯，老伯伯没有孩子，生活非常寂寞。

因此，有一天，老伯伯便用木头做了一个可爱的男孩，并给他取名叫匹诺曹。

做完后，老伯伯对他爱不释手，忍不住叹口气说：“哎!如果你是个真的小男孩，那该有多好啊!那我就让你做我的儿子!”

半夜里，怪事发生了，一位美丽的天使突然出现了。仙女轻轻地对熟睡的老伯伯说：“老伯伯，因为你曾经做过许多美丽可爱的玩具，为孩子们带来欢笑，因此，我就帮您实现您的愿望。”

仙女将魔棒轻轻一点，匹诺曹站起来了。匹诺曹在桌子旁不停地练习走路，走着，走着，竟跌倒了，吵醒了老伯伯。

老伯伯揉揉双眼，不敢相信眼前的一切。最后，终于忍不住，高兴的一把抱起匹诺曹，又唱又跳!

第二天，匹诺曹开始上学了。他带着书往学校去。才走到半途，忽然听到喇叭声、鼓声……，好不热闹!

“咦，是在演戏呢!真想去看看……可是，又必须上学，……唉!我想!迟一天去上学，应该是无所谓的。”这么安慰自己后，匹诺曹便急忙往戏团赶去。

戏团的主人因为匹诺曹的可爱，便赏了他五枚金币。匹诺曹高兴极了，拿着金币往家里跑，谁知竟碰上了狡猾的狐狸和猫。

“匹诺曹啊!你想不想让你的钱变得更多呢?我们知道有个奇异的草原，只要你种下一枚金币，就会生一棵长满金币的树哦!”

“真的吗?那请你们快带我去吧!”

结果，匹诺曹受骗了，他们逼他交出金币来，匹诺曹将金币藏在嘴里，狐狸和猫找不到，便将他吊到树上去了。就在匹诺曹逐渐支持不住时，仙女来了，仙女将魔棒轻轻一点，把匹诺曹从树上救了下来。

“这是怎么回事?”仙女问。“说实话太丢脸了。”匹诺曹心想，于是，开始撒谎编故事。咦，不对呀!怎么会愈说鼻子变得愈长呢?匹诺曹继续说，鼻子又继续变长，他终于忍不住哭出来了。

仙女说道：“匹诺曹，你的爸爸在你的身上安了机关，如果你说谎的话你的鼻子就会随你说谎的次数的加多而变得越来越长。正因为你刚才说了谎话，所以你的鼻子才越来越长。”

“救救我，不要再让我的鼻子变长了，我再也不敢说谎了。”匹诺曹哭着向仙女哀求到。

仙女见他实意要改过，这才让他的鼻子恢复正常。

这一次，匹诺曹决心要做个好孩子了。

撒谎鼻子变长的故事点评

说谎就会鼻子变长哦，做人要诚实，不可以撒谎，撒谎有了第一次就会第二次，因为每撒一个谎就要用另个谎言来圆谎，撒谎只会让你心里不好受，小朋友有时候会遇到有些事情不想告诉爸妈，对爸妈撒谎，但是爸妈都是知道，因为撒谎总会露出马脚。不要撒谎，撒谎鼻子就会长长。

好听的童话故事：被冤枉的小螃蟹

河边有一座小木屋，小木屋里住着老爷爷和小孙子。爷爷亲切的喊小孙子“小毛头”。

爷爷每天要干活，顾不上一直陪着小毛头，小毛头有时就感到很寂寞。

幸好，河里有一只小螃蟹，经常跑出来陪着小毛头玩。

小毛头很高兴，他和小螃蟹一起做游戏、挖沙坑、玩泥巴，日子过得非常快乐。

可是，有一天，小毛头生气地告诉爷爷：“我再也不和小螃蟹玩了!”

“为什么?”爷爷奇怪地问。

小毛头气呼呼地说：“小螃蟹太骄傲。我告诉他不要骄傲，可他就是不改!”

爷爷没有办法，从外面买来了一条小狗，让小狗陪着小毛头玩。

小毛头和小狗一起扑蝴蝶，捉迷藏，过着快乐的日子。

不久以后，天越来越热，小毛头发现小狗有了一个坏毛病：它经常吐出红红的舌头，使劲哈气。

“别对我做鬼脸!”小毛头对小狗喊。小狗收回舌头，使劲闭住嘴。可是，没过一会儿，它又把舌头伸出来。

“讨厌，没听到我叫你不要做鬼脸吗?”小毛头生气了。

小狗还是不听小毛头的话，总是闭不住嘴，老是把长长的红舌头伸出来。

小毛头更生气了，找爷爷告状：“爷爷，我再也不跟小狗玩了!”

“又怎么啦?”

“小狗对我不礼貌，总是冲我做鬼脸。喏，就像现在的样子一样。” 小毛头指指爷爷的身后。

爷爷回头，看见小狗蹲在那儿，可怜巴巴地望着他们，红舌头伸得老长老长。爷爷笑了，说：“小毛头，你错怪小狗了!它根本就没有做鬼脸啊!”

“那它为什么吐舌头?”

爷爷耐心地给小毛头解释：“咱们觉得特别热的时候，身上就会出汗，我们的汗水能从皮肤上的汗毛孔排出来。小狗的汗毛孔在它的舌头上，天热时，小狗就会伸出舌头，加快呼吸，让汗快一些排出来，把身上的热量散发出来，它就感到凉快了。”

听了爷爷的话，知道自己冤枉了小狗，小毛头很惭愧，他又想到了小螃蟹的事情，迟疑地问：“爷爷，我会不会也冤枉了小螃蟹啊?”

“哦，那你说说，那天，什么事情让你觉得小螃蟹太骄傲了?”

小毛头说：“小螃蟹总是横着走路，这不就是横行霸道吗?我让它向前走，可它就是喜欢横着走。您说，这是不是也有原因啊?”

“好孩子，学会动脑筋了。你说的对，你真的冤枉小螃蟹了。因为螃蟹有四对‘腿儿’，它的每条‘腿儿’的关节只能向下弯曲，而不能向前后弯曲，爬行时必须先用一边‘腿儿’ 的指尖抓地，再用另一边的‘腿儿’直伸起来把身体推过去，所以，它只会横着爬。”

原来是这样啊!

知道自己干了傻事，小毛头很不好意思，但他马上又高兴起来。他拉着小狗走到河边，对着以前小螃蟹经常出没的地方大声喊：“小螃蟹，对不起，我向你道歉。你快出来吧，我还要和你做朋友!”

可是，小毛头喊了好多声，水里一直没有动静。“是不是小螃蟹生我的气，再也不理我了?”小毛头伤心极了。

小毛头正在难过，忽然感觉有谁在撕扯自己的裤脚。他低头一看，惊喜地叫出声来：“啊，小螃蟹，是你呀!”

小毛头从此有了小螃蟹和小狗两个好朋友，他们在一起开心地生活。