(修改版)雅思写作高分宝典

第一篇：(修改版)雅思写作高分宝典

雅思写作高分宝典（打印稿）

雅思A类议论文写作

第一节——教育与学习

1、向老师还是从网络、电视上学知识

Students at school and universities learn far more from lessons with teachers than from other sources(such as the Internet, television).To what extend do you agree or disagree? 【Model Essay】

In the Information Age, students have more accesses to all kinds of information.Some people argue that they should grasp every means to learn rather than learn from teachers, while others hold the opposite view.Speaking for myself, I stand on the side of the former one.No doubt, it is absolutely necessary for students to learn their lessons in class with teachers at schools and universities.But, at the same time, we find some knowledge seems practically useless, and teachers are often enthusiastic to explain some theories, which are not of much use for most of the students in their future.Such lessons are not suitable for everyone.Some students may feel boring and their requests for specific knowledge cannot be met, too.Using a range of sources such as the Internet and television to learn has obviously merits.On the one hand, students can study on line efficiently.For example, modern technology has provided many powerful computer assisted language learning programs that help students with pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, reading and writing of different languages.On the other hand, students can learn practical skills which are taught on the Internet and television by using specific examples.Knowledge and art from these sources would be useful supplements to those from lessons at schools and universities.From the above mentioned analysis, we can safely draw the conclusion that other sources like the Internet and television are indispensable supplements to the traditional education forms.And students should also learn much more from the Internet and television.【高分词汇】 ★grasp vt.抓住，抓紧

例He thought mathematics more difficult to grasp than physics.○译他觉得数学比物理更难捉摸 ○★enthusiastic adj.热心的，热情的

例China has the most enthusiastic fans in the world.○译中国有全世界最热情的球迷 ○★be suitable for 适合……的

例 The weather is suitable for outdoor activities.○

译天气适合户外运动 ○★practical adj.实际的、实用的

例 The plan takes on a more practical aspect.○译这个计划具有更切合实际的性质 ○★supplement n.补遗、补充 v.补充

例Try a B vitamin supplement.○译试着补充些维生素B ○★indispensable adj.不可缺少的，绝对必要的

例 The computers are now an indispensable tool in many businesses ○译目前，计算机是很多公司不可或缺的工具 ○【万能句型】

1.Some people argue that …, while others hold the opposite view.Speaking for myself, I stand on the side of the former one.译文： 一些人认为……，然而其他人持有相反的观点。在我看来，我支持前者。解读：这种句型结构适用于第一段，引出题目中双方的观点，同时表明自己的立场，表示支持前者或后者的观点。

2.From the above mentioned analysis, we can safely draw the conclusion that… 译文： 通过上面的分析，我们可以得出结论，那就是，……

解读：这种句型结构适用于结尾段，承接上文，并给出结论。这种句型结构在绝大多数的议论文结尾都可以使用。

2、出国留学的利弊

More and more students choose to go to another country for their higher education.Do you think the benefits outweigh the problems associated with it? 【Model Essay】

In order to acquire more knowledge, more and more people decided to further their study abroad.I believe that the benefits of studying abroad for higher education are far greater than problems that could be associated with it.There are many reasons supporting my view.First and foremost, students can learn advanced knowledge and management experience which can widen their horizons and minds.Then, studying abroad can provide a good language environment to students and make it easy to pick a language, which can contribute to remove language barrier and make international cooperation much easier.Besides, studying abroad can cultivate students’ ability to live independently and their characters, for they have to deal with many problems and learn how to be accustomed to a new environment and how to get along with foreign teachers and classmates.Last but not least, studying abroad is an excellent way for

students to learn about themselves and the world in which they live in.By communicating with foreign friends, they will experience the characteristics of a distinct culture and see the similarities to and differences from their own.However, studying abroad also brings about many disadvantages.Firstly, students will be confronted with so many psychological problems.They often feel lonely and helpless in a new environment.Furthermore, the tuition is very high, which is a very heavy burden to the average people.To sum up, the advantages of studying abroad outweigh the disadvantages greatly.We should encourage students study abroad.When they accomplish their curriculum, they can make more contribution to the construction of our society.【高分词汇】

★acquire vt.获得，学到

例The company has recently acquired new offices in central London.○译公司最近在伦敦市中心弄到了新的办公室 ○★further vt.促进，推进

例We’ll do all we can to further your plans.○译我们将经历促成你们的计划。○★associate vt.是发生联系，使联合

例I don’t associate the two ideas.○译这两个概念我联系不起来。○★horizon vt.范围，视野

例Go out for broaden your horizon.○译出去开开眼界。○★cultivate vt.培养

例She cultivates her mind by reading many books.○译她博览群书，修身养性。○★deal with 应付，处理；对待

例He must deal with many difficulties.○译他必须应付许多困难。○★be accustomed to习惯于

例He is accustomed to loneliness.○译他对于孤独已经习以为常。○★get along with 与……和睦相处

例He is good-tempered;he gets along with everyone.○译他脾气好，和谁都处得来。○

3、老师在信息时代的作用

Teachers used to convey information, but now with wide resources of information from the Internet, there is no role for teachers to play in modern education.Do you agree or disagree? 【Model Essay】

Nowadays, the computer is growing in popularity in education for its marvelous functions.Some people, therefore, claim that teachers` roles are not significant any more in the Information Age given the convenience and efficiency of the Internet in terms of information access.As far as I am concerned, however, this point of view seems a bit partial and misleading.Most important of all, it is often the case that teachers can benefit students in many ways which computers cannot.Indeed, teachers often bring students a host of knowledge and ideas out of text books, such as ethics and such kind of things.There are plenty of vivid evidences to support the opinion that teachers are usually serving as the guide for students, a role which can never be performed by computers.For example, when I studied in high school, one of my teachers helped me with my study and taught me how to deal with difficulties in my life as well.It is impossible for computers to fulfill these actions.In addition, a more subtle point is that young students are more susceptible to the adverse influence of computers.It is a general principle that juveniles are usually lack in the sense of judgment to tell right from wrong.So they are more likely to be distracted from study by the lure that comes along with computers.Therefore, teachers are superior to computers in cultivating students.To conclude, it is all very well to suggest that teachers invariably enjoy the most crucial role in fostering young people, we should not lose sight of the dramatic benefits brought by computers as well.That is to say, teacher can never give way to computers buy they can make computers facilitate their jobs.【高分词汇】

★convenience n.便利，方便，有益

例 The house has all the modern conveniences.○译这栋房屋有各种现代化的设施。○★in terms of 就......而言，从……方面说来

例He referred to your work in terms of high praise.○译他对你的工作大加赞扬。○★ethics n.道德规范，伦理学

例 The ethics of his profession don`t permit him to do that.○译他的职业道德不允许他那样做。○

★subtle adj.敏感的，微妙的

例 Her whole attitude had undergone a subtle change.○译她的整个态度发生了微妙的变化。○★be susceptible to 对……敏感

例In his weakened condition, he is very susceptible to cold.○译他身体很弱，因此很容易患感冒。○★superior adj.较高的，上级的，较好的

例You’re a very superior young woman.○译你是一个非常优秀的年轻女性。○★foster vt.养育，抚育，培养

例Nowadays young couple sometimes foster.○译现今年轻夫妇有时领养别人的孩子。○★give way to 让路，让步

例Cloudy mornings give way to clear evenings.○译【谚】早晨云遮日，晚上星满天。○★facilitate vt.使便利，减轻……的困难

例Tractors facilitate farming.○译拖拉机使耕作便利。○【万能句型】

1.As far as I am concerned, however, this point of view seems a bit partial and misleading.译文： 在我看来，这种观点有点偏颇并且容易令人误解。解读：这个句型常常用于第一段的末尾，表明作者的立场和观点。2.Most important of all, it is often the case that … 译文： 最重要的是，……

解读：在这个句型中，it is often the case 一般不用翻译，它所表述的实际内容就是that后面的内容。省略了it is often the case 也没有错，放在这里主要是为了增加文章的语言色彩。

4、通过看电视学习

Some children can learn efficiently by watching TV.Therefore, they should be encouraged to watch TV both at home and at school.To what extent do you agree or disagree? 【Model Essay】

There are many ways of learning, and watching TV is one of them.Some children can learn quite well by watching TV.Hereby, some people argue that children should be encouraged to watch TV both at home and at school.As far as I am concerned, however, this point of view seems a bit absurd and ridiculous.On one hand, in spite the function of learning, TV has so many demerits.Firstly, watching TV is harmful to eyes.Staring at TV for a long time may lead to short sight.Secondly, not all the contents on the TV are suitable for children.Some of TV programs contain violence and obscenity, which are harmful to the children`s growth.Thirdly, long time sitting before TV is not good for physical growth.Staying in one position for a long time can lead to crookback.On the other hand, apart from TV, there still are other efficient ways which can help children to learn.First of all, children can comprehend considerable number of things by playing games.Traditional games do good to exploit children`s wit, and modern games help them to get a rough idea about the society.Then, telling stories is another efficient way.Encouraging children to tell stories can develop their observing abilities and language skills.Last, sightseeing is also a valid method which can help children contact close with the nature.For example, organizing children to the zoo can give them vivid images of the animals.Once you have known all the above-mentioned, you must agree with me that the idea of encouraging children to watch TV both at home and at school is absolutely insane.Watching TV is just one of many effective learning methods, but not the only one.【高分词汇】

★absurd adj.荒谬的，可笑的

例 What an absurd suggestion!○译多么荒唐的建议！○★ridiculous adj.荒谬的，可笑的

例It`s the most ridiculous thing I`ve ever heard in my life.○译这是我有生以来听到最荒唐可笑的事。○★in spite of 虽然，尽管

例I went out in spite of the rain.○译 尽管下雨我仍然外出。○★suitable…for 合适的

例 He hasn`t any suitable shoes for the wedding.○译适合在婚礼上穿的鞋他一双也没有。○★efficient adj.有效地，有能力的

例 She is an efficient manageress.○译她是个有能力的经理。○★comprehend vt.领会，理解

例I did not comprehend his meaning.○译我不理解他的意思。○★vivid adj.生动的，鲜明的

例 A vivid picture is present to our eyes.○译一幅栩栩如生的画面出现在我们面前。○【万能句型】

1.Hereby, some people argue that… 译文： 因此，一些人认为……

解读：这个句型一般用于开头段第二句，也就是在第一句介绍背景之后用于引出某些人的观点。

2.Once you have known all the above-mentioned, you must agree with me that… 译文： 一旦你了解了上面所提到的，你肯定会同意我的观点，那就是……

解读：这种句型一般用于最后一段第一句，对前面所论述的内容作出总结，并进一步强调作者观点。考生应熟练运用这种句型。在结尾段直接用I believe…这样的句型，虽然没有错误，但缺少语言色彩。恰当运用上面的句型加分的机会更大。

5、各种课程对职业的重要性

Some people think that schools should concentrate on academic classes, because they are helpful for further career.But they think music and sports classes are not useful.To what extent do you agree or disagree? 【Model Essay】

Recently, whether schools should concentrate on academic classes has triggered a heated discussion.Some people contend that career-oriented education for college students should be encouraged and schools should mainly provide academic classes.But there are also a majority of people suggest that personality-oriented education is necessary and music and sports classes should also be offered.Personally, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter one in the following reasons.On the one hand, if schools only taught academic classes, the school life would definitely be monotonous and boring.No one can tolerate such tough days.Most students treasure their happy years in school, because they are colorful and diversified.On the other hand, music and sports lessons are extremely important to students.To start with, sports and music can accompany one throughout his life.Some students may forget the academic knowledge learned at school, but they will not forget how to do sports and appreciate music.Furthermore, music classes can cultivate one’s mind and temperament, which are helpful in building one’s optimistic personality.Sports can help students keep fit and build up strong character.Last but not least, sports and music can raise one’s taste.People with good taste of music and sports usually keep away from bad behaviors.Based on the above discussion and analysis, we can see that academic classes are not as important as some people think, and music and sports classes are not useless, either.Academic classes develop one’s ability;music and sports classes improve one’s personality charm.In contemporary society, only able persons with fine character and moral win the career.【高分词汇】

★concentrate on专心，把思想集中于

例 Many firms are concentrating on increasing their markets overseas ○译许多公司正在集中精力开拓它们的海外市场。○★monotonous adj.单调的，无变化的

例 She thought life in the small town was monotonous.○译她觉得小镇上的生活单调而乏味。○★tolerate vt.忍受，容忍

例she cannot tolerate that rude fellow.○译她不能容忍那个粗鲁的家伙。○★treasure vt.珍爱，珍惜

例I certainly treasure the friendship between us very much.○译我当然非常珍视我们之间的友谊。○★temperament n.气质，性情

例Success often depends on temperament.○译成功常常取决于一个人的性格。○★keep fit保持健康

例 We work out regularly to keep fit.○译我坚持锻炼以保持健康。○【万能句型】

3.Some people contend that …But there are also a majority of people suggest that… 译文： 一些人主张……，但是也有许多人建议…… 解读：这种句型常常用于第一段，介绍双方观点。

2.Personally, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter one in the following reasons.译文：个人而言，我倾向于后者，理由如下。

解读：这个句型结构一般用于开头段最后一句，表明作者赞成的观点，同时引起下文。

6、学习与职业发展

Some people think that studying in a college or university is the best way for students to prepare for their future career.But others think they should leave school as soon as possible to develop their career through work experience.Discuss both these view and give your own opinion.【Model Essay】

Time spent in campus is not always treated with great importance.Some parents may choose other ways for their children’s post-high-school period, namely, helping them find jobs, rather than sending them to a college.I can find myself against this act for many reasons, amongst which we can figure some strongest ones as follows.My first con against this behavior is that education is not just a benefit but also one’s rights.Without education, as Gorge Orwell had once said, is to be deprived of the most precious privilege in our time as a modern man.With college education, youngsters can choose a better way of doing things correctly and efficiently.The sharp contrast between those who have received well education and those without is not just financially, but more vitally, spiritually.Admittedly, we can find cases of some people achieve without college education, but these cases are famous only because they are rare.Those people who succeed with a college degree are more common.The absence of university education is hard to imagine in our days.The prospect of those juvenile workers or businessmen would be even dimmer than ever before.For in our age, knowledge is not only the power, but also the know-how to solving problems and gaining a much larger fortune.Therefore we should always encourage kids to further education and even more, we should fund those who cannot afford their college study ,because their future is the future of our nation.【高分词汇】

★deprive vt.剥夺，使丧失

例 She has been deprived of sight for some year.○译她失明已有几年了。○★privilege n.特权，特别待遇

例 We need to allow a privilege to him.○译我们需要给他一种特权。○★prospect n.景色，前景

例 The prospect of this young team is beyond measure.○译这支年轻队伍前途不可限量。○

★dim vt.使暗淡，使失去光泽

例 His defection from the party dims his political career.○译他的叛党使得他政治前途黯淡。○★further education进修

例What are my opportunities for additional training or further education? ○译我有多大的深造或进修的机会？ ○【万能句型】

1.I can find myself against…for many reasons, amongst which we can figure some strongest ones as follows.译文： 我有很多理由反对…，在这些理由当中，我们能发现下面一些是最具有说服力的。解读：这种句型一般用于第一段最后一句，表明作者的立场，引起下文。2.My first con against this behavior is that… 译文： 我反对这种行为的第一个理由是，……

解读：这种句型一般用在第二段的第一句，解释作者反对某种行为或观点的第一个原因。

第二节——经济与社会

7、技术与贫富差距

Some people believe the range of technology available to individuals today is increasing the gap between the rich and the poor.Do you agree or disagree? 【Model Essay】

Technology is one of the most powerful forces in society today.It is being put to use everywhere, in homes and organizations of all sizes and helps millions of people do their jobs more effectively each day.Some people, however, believe the range of technology will widen the gap between the rich and the poor.In fact, I believe that the gap between rich and poor people will narrow because of the new technologies.There are numerous reasons why I hold this opinion, and I would explore a few of the most important ones here.First and foremost, the development of technology has made the price of high-tech products less expensive, so even the poor can afford cell phones and computers, which used to be symbols of wealth.That is to say, more people than ever have the opportunity to take advantage of the new technologies, which will definitely decrease the gap between the rich and the poor.Besides, another example is from the way that people travel.We used to take a train, but presently, most people would prefer to take a flight if the destination is quite far away.Such gap between the rich and the poor is not as obvious as before.Last but not least, some poor people who are intelligent can also make good use of the technologies.There are many examples which demonstrate how some poor persons become rich by using high technologies.To conclude, wealth imbalance is not the result of technological development, but the disparity of information.The technology is just the remedy to the disparity.I believe with the range of technology available to people, the gap between the rich and the poor will keep decreasing.【高分词汇】

★ put to use 使用，利用

例 We shall put it to good use.○译 我们将好好利用它。○★ widen v.加宽，放宽，扩展

例 Her outlook gradually widens ○译 她的眼光渐渐开阔了。○★ gap n.缺口，差距

例 There is a wide gap between the views of the two statements.○译 关于这点，两位政治家的政见有很大分歧。○★ narrow vt.使变狭窄，使缩小

例 The river narrows at this point.○译 河在这里变窄了。○★ high-tech n.高科技

例 Traditional products do not disqualify the producer from high-tech ○译 生产传统的产品，不表示它就不是高科技。○★ afford vt.提供，供应得起

例 She can afford a new computer.○译 她能买得起一台新电脑。○★ intelligent adj.聪明的，伶俐的，有才智的

例 I have not arrived at a very intelligent opinion on that matter.○译 我对那件事还没有高见。○★ demonstrate vt.示范，证明

例 All of those demonstrated the correctness of his analysis.○译 这一切都证明了他分析的正确性。○★ disparity n.不同，不等

例 Rich and poop live side by side but in conditions of extraordinary disparity.○译 富人和穷人毗邻，但居住条件极为悬殊。○★ remedy n.补救 vt.补救，矫正，修补

例 Your only remedy is to appeal to law.○译 你的唯一补救办法是诉诸法律。○★ available adj.可用到的，可利用的，有用的

例 I will send you all the periodicals available.○译 我将把我能得到的期刊都给你寄去。○【万能句型】

1.There are numerous reasons why I hold this opinion, and I would explore a few of the most important ones here.译文： 持这个观点有若干个原因，在这里我将阐述最重要的几个。

解读：这种句型一般用于第一段末尾，绝大多数的议论文写作题目都要用到这个句型。它有承上启下的作用：一方面用于强调自己的观点，同时引起下文。2.Last but not least, …

译文：最后但并非不重要，„„

解读：这个句型一般用于解释作者反对某种观点或行为的最后一个原因，较常见的是用于第四段或第二段最后一句。

8、富国对穷国的援助

Rich countries often give financial aid to poor countries, but it does not solve the poverty.So rich countries should give other types of help to the poor countries rather than the financial aid.To what extent do you agree or disagree? 【Model Essay】

It is natural for rich countries to give financial aid to poor ones.However, afflicted with famine, wars, diseases, people living in those poverty-stricken countries are struggling for survival.In face of the severe situation, it is suggested that rich countries should also give other kinds of help to them.This view is based on the propensity of the following points.Many countries are willing to afford financial aid to poor countries, which has turned out to be of high importance to boost economy of poor nations.For example, some rich countries invest large amount of capital to develop industries in poor countries, so that more job opportunities are brought and living standard are enhanced there.However, this kind of aid cannot solve the poverty by the roots.The causes of being economically humble lies in diversified aspects, such as bad education, the lack of new technologies.And diseases and epidemics could be another reason for poverty.Therefore, other sorts of assistance should also be given to the poor ones.To begin with, some advanced technologies should be

introduced to poor countries.Then the teams of teachers and doctors should be dispatched to the needy countries to effectuate the responsibilities of educational and medical aid.Furthermore, medicine and medical training courses should also be scattered to the countries which are in the agony of diseases and epidemics.To summarize, I believe rich countries are definitely duty-bound to help their poor counterparts out.That is to say, both financial aid and other varieties of help should be offered to release those poor people from poverty.And poor countries should also struggle for advance on their own, which can really make a difference.【高分词汇】

★ financial adj.财政的，金融的

例 The company was in deep financial difficulties.○译 该公司陷入了严重的财务困难。○★ aid n.帮助，援助

例 He went to the aid of the hurt man.○译 他前去援助那些受伤的人。○★ afflict vt.使痛苦，折磨

例 Famine and war still afflict mankind.○译 饥饿和战争仍使人类遭受痛苦。○★ struggle for 为„„斗争

例 We should help those who are still struggling for liberation.○译 我们应当帮助那些仍在为独立而斗争的人们。○★ turn out to be 结果是，原来是

例 He said he was a doctor, but later he turned out to be a cheat.○译 他自称是个医生，结果证明他是个骗子。○★ boost v.推进

例 This will be a great boost to the economy.○译 这对于经济发展将是一个巨大的促进。○★ by the roots 从根本上

例 They lost the match by the roots.○译 他们从根本上输了比赛。○★ effectuate vt.实行，完成

例 The disease do not prevent him from effectuating his plan.○译 疾病并未妨碍他实现计划。○★ release from 豁免，解除

例 He released me from my torments.○译 他解除了我的痛苦。○★ make a difference

例 That will make a vast difference.○译 那将会有天壤之别。○【万能句型】

1.This view is based on the propensity of following points.译文： 这种观点基于以下几点倾向。

解读： 这种句型常常用于第一段末尾，在介绍完题目观点之后，用这种句型过渡到下一段，表示接下来要分析能够支持这种论点的几个方面。过渡自然而流畅。2.However ,… can’t…The cause of… 译文： 然而，„„并不能„„，理由是„„

解读： 在论述完问题的一个方面之后，用这种句型可以继续展开话题。However表示转折。

9、消费品价格便宜的优缺点

Nowadays people live in the society where consumer goods are relatively cheaper to buy.Do you think its advantages outweigh its disadvantages? 【Model Essay】

Nowadays, with the rapid development of science and technology, the price of consumer goods continues to fall.This situation is pounding at people’s traditional consumption habit and life styles, using its advantages to gradually affect peoples’ lives.As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes.There are several benefits for people to enjoy cheaper consumer goods.Most important of all, reducing the price of consumer goods can stimulate requirement and boost economy, which is especially important under the background of financial crisis.Besides, with the price of consumer goods less expensive, more ordinary people can afford to buy cell phones and computers , which help people do jobs more effectively each day.In addition, as far as the merchants concerned, in order to sell more, they often cut down the profit margin, which contributes to enhance the total amount of annual sales and reduce stocks.However, to this issue, some other people hold a different attitude, arguing that cheap consumer goods also bring harm and even disasters to us.For more businesses are striving for the same customers, the lower price may be the result of unfair competition and will undermine the social

order.At the same time, for the sake of profits, some merchants use inferior materials and turn out substandard products, which will ultimately do harm to the extensive consumers.Admittedly, there are some potential risks on reducing the price of consumer goods, but the law can be executed to supervise and manage dealers strictly.In fact, cheap consumer goods can benefit both the customers and the merchants.【高分词汇】

★pound vt.猛击；跳动

例 Her heart is pounding so loudly.○译她的心正怦怦直跳。○★as to 至于，关于

例I have no doubts as to your ability.○译关于你的能力我毫不怀疑。○★stimulate vt.刺激，激励

例 The art course stimulated me.○译艺术课激发了我的灵感。○★boost n.促进，改善，激励

例 This will be a great boost to the economy.○译这对于经济发展将是一个巨大的促进。○★crisis n.危机，危急关头

例 When a crisis comes they have gone.○译当危机来临时，他们已经走了。○★merchant n.商人，批发商，贸易商，店主

例 The merchants of Arab are doing their things all around the world.○译阿拉伯商人在世界各地做生意。○★cut down 减少，降低

例 We were for cutting down the cost of production.○译我们赞成降低成本。○★competition n.竞争，竞赛

例 There is keen competition between the two motorcar firms.○译两家汽车公司之间存在着激烈的竞争。○

★ undermine v.暗中破坏；逐渐削弱

例Illness undermined his strength.○译疾病逐渐削弱了他的力气。○★for the sake of 为了

例He argues for the sake of arguing.○译他是为了争辩而争辩。○★substandard adj.标准以下的，不合规格的

例 The loss was due to the use of substandard bags for which you should be responsible.○译该损失是由于包装不合标准所致，所以应由贵公司负责这一损失。○【万能句型】

1.Nowadays, with the rapid development of science and technology,… 译文： 如今，随着科技的快速发展，……

解读：这种句型一般用于第一段第一句，介绍背景，同时引出话题。2.There are several benefits for people to … 译文： 对于人们来说，……有很多好处。

解读：这种句型一般用于第二段第一句，表示开始分析有利的方面。3.However, to this issue, some other hold a different attitude , arguing that… 译文： 然而，对于这个问题,另一些人有不同的态度，认为……

解读：这种句型一般用于第三段开头，表示这段开始分析与前一段观点不同的另一种观点。

10、好的产品是否需要广告

If a product is good or it meets people’s needs, people will buy it.So advertising is unnecessary and no more than an entertainment.To what extent do you agree or disagree? 【Model Essay】

Good products have high prestige and quality, which can gain the love of the customers.It is true that a good product sell itself.So some people assert that advertising is unnecessary and no more than an entertainment.Superficially, the above sounds reasonable.But when carefully weighing in the mind, we find that it goes against the fact.A number of causes account for my point.To begin with, as far as some companies such as Nintendo, Apple, etc, are concerned, it is important for them to spread their most positive and interesting products information to compete against their rivals.These companies are well-known not only for their great customer service and

reliable products, but also their advertisements.Apple is known for its humorous adverts.And Nintendo often has colorful advertising aimed towards the youth.These advertisements make people all over the world more familiar with the companies and more curious about their products.Then, in fact, advertising has proved to be a means of getting the latest product news to spread out quickly and effectively.The companies would probably find that adverts, even if entertaining, can help new products sale tremendously.Admittedly, some companies are so popular with the public that advertisements are no more than reminders to the masses that they are ever-present in daily life.Examples would be the corporations like Coca-Cola and McDonald’s which are so well-known in most countries that their adverts have stopped describing their products but focused more on the images of the companies themselves.For such companies, advertisement is an unnecessary entertainment.However, they may never have reached that status without advertising.For that reason, advertisement is surely not unnecessary.【高分词汇】

★prestige n.声望，威望

例 The old universities of Cambridge still have a lot of prestige.○译历史悠久的剑桥大学仍然享有很高的声望。○★reliable adj.可靠的，可信赖的

例 The news is reliable.○译这消息靠得住。○★ even if 即使

例 we should practice economy even if we are rich.○译即使我们富裕了，也仍应该厉行节约。○★reminder n.提醒的人，暗示

例I wrote a reminder in my daily planner.○译我在我的每日记事簿里写了个备忘字条。○【万能句型】

1.Superficially, the above sounds reasonable.But when carefully weighing in the mind, we find that it goes against the fact.A number of causes account for my point.译文： 从表面上看，以上内容听起来很合理，但经过仔细考虑之后，我们发现它违背事实。大量的理由说明了我的观点。

解读：雅思写作考试中，有些题目给出的观点在逻辑上或表面上看起来很合理，如本文中的观点。但却往往与实际情况不符。遇到这样的情况，就可以在第一段用这个句型引出作者对题目中的观点的评判，同时引起下文。

2.To begin with, as far as … are concerned, it is important for …to do … 译文： 首先，就……而言，对于……来说做某事很重要。

解读：这种句型一般用于第二段第一句，阐述作者持有某种观点的第一个原因。

11、企业迁出大城市的优缺点

The government should encourage industries and companies to move out of big cities and into regional areas.Do the advantages outweigh disadvantages? 【Model Essay】

Nowadays, more industries and companies develop in large cities, which causes plenty of problems like pollution, crowdedness and traffic jam.Some people suggest that the large factories and companies should move away from densely-populated areas like some metropolis.However, others oppose to their opinion.I will discuss both sides and give my own evaluation.Opponents raise many reasons to go against the vicinity between cities and large industries.They believe that many of these industries are hazardous and even fatal to human health.The monstrous system may deprive us the vigor and potential to enjoy our life and the products they produce.Proponents come up with quite different views.They firstly point out that not all industries are perilous to human, like some fine chemistry industries and even some tertiary industries, both of which can dwell harmoniously with people and offer them both products and job opportunities.They also believe moving these companies to regional areas is expensive and uneasy to the management, which may deter them from investing in their country.Personally, I side with neither side.This thesis is just too general in the scope and definition of the concept “industries and companies”.As we all well know, not every industry is harmful and noisy to us, but some of them are.Thus, how can we treat these different companies with an identical view? Putting them together and giving any comparison is quite unreasonable at all.Before we take any proposal, we had better think twice and then give our judgment.【高分词汇】

★metropolis n.首都，大城市

例Beijing is a metropolis in China.○译北京是中国的一个大城市。○★go against 违背，作对

例Don't go against your father.○译不要违背你的父亲。○★point out 指出；把注意力引向......例 This guide book points out the main facts of early American history.○译这本导游手册讲述了美洲早期的重要史实。○★deter v.阻止；制止

例Don't let failure deter you.○

译别让失败把你吓倒。○★at all 根本

例 No worry at all.○译别担心。○★think twice 三思，反复思考

例He told me to think twice before speaking.○译他叫我三思而后再发言。○【万能句型】

1.I will discuss both sides and give my own evaluation.译文：我将讨论双方的观点并给出我自己的评论。

解读：这种句型常常用于对称式写法的第一段的最后一句，引起下文，表示要分别讨论双方的观点，并在最后给出自己的结论。2.Opponents raise many reasons to go against...译文：反对者提出了很多理由反对.......解读：这种句型一般用于对称式写法的第二段的第一句，表示开始讨论反对者。3.Proponents come up with quite different views.译文：赞成者提出完全不同的观点。

解读：这种句型一般用于对称式写法的第三段的第一句，表示开始讨论支持者的观点。

12、个人为养老存钱

Some people say that it is the responsibility of individuals to save money for their own care after they retire.To what extent do you agree or disagree? 【Model Essay】

No one is alienated from the rest of the world.Thus, we can see no a single person to be solely living for himself--he must be simultaneously shouldering various duties for multifarious groups of people, such as employers and government, who must at the same time in turn undertake the duty of caring for him as well.I am not here to deny the necessity of saving money for one's aged life, but to state the reasons why the above parties should give their attention to individuals.What hits me at the first thought is that employers should have the liability to their employees, for they sacrificed their youth and shed tears and sweat for them.If employers were free to take the duties of their elderly employees, then they may feel so easy and comfortable to expel any of those “used” workers randomly.No just legislation can possibly tolerate this happen.And employers should have their duty to support the aged workers for their later part of life.Another party that should also attach importance to individuals is the government.People fight for their motherland with all their energy, health and even life.So undoubtedly, the government, like employers, should provide financial aid to citizens as well.As we can happily conclude, this world is not one that goes without justice and warmth between people.We give when we can and we take when we need.Employers as well as governments are due to unshakable responsibilities to give their care to individuals who have paid their efforts for them, which would be the way things ought to be.【高分词汇】

★alienate v.疏远

例 We'd better not alienate ourselves from the colleagues.○译我们最好还是不要与同事们疏远。○★shoulder vt.肩负，承当

例 You must shoulder the future of the country.○译你们必须肩负国家未来的重任。○★in turn 依次，轮流

例His policy was to beat each enemy in turn.○译他的方针是各个击破。○★undertake vt.承担，担任，许诺，保证

例He could undertake the work for the time being.○译他暂时能承担这项工作。○★liability n.责任，义务

例 What is your liability under the insurance contract? ○译按照保险契约贵方应负哪些责任呢？ ○★randomly adv.随便地，未加计划地

例 Few people are randomly violent.○译很少有人是随意发火的。○★attach importance to 重视

例We must attach great importance to these problems and take effective measures to solve them.○译我们必须高度重视这些问题，采取有力措施加以解决。○★unshakable adj.不可动摇的，坚定不移的

例It is our unshakable policy to help them do that.○译帮助他们发展是我们坚定不移的政策。○【万能句型】

1、I am not here to deny the necessity of..., but to state the reasons why...译文：在这里我并不否认......的必要性，我只是想说明......的原因。

解读：这个句型用在第一段，表示作者并不反对这种观点，在本文中，作者表示并不反对题目中的观点，但作者在下文主要论述的观点是but之后的内容。

2、What hits me at the first thought is that...for...译文：我第一点想说的是，„„，因为„„

解读：这种句型一般用于第二段第一句，解释作者持有某种观点的第一种原因。

第三节——工作生活与意识形态

13、信息技术和交通进步对工作和生活的影响

Today, people can work and live in anywhere they want, because of the improvement of communication technology and transport.Do advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages? 【Model Essay】

Nowadays, with the rapid development of communication technology and transport, people have more opportunities to choose the places where they work and live in.This phenomenon is often brought into public focus.People from different back grounds hold different attitudes towards it.From my own perspective, there are too many benefits that outnumber its disadvantages.The reasons are chiefly as follows.First and foremost, this development can optimize human and other resources and fuel business growth rapidly.Geographical distance is not hurdle any more to stop people from entering a flow state when they are fully absorbed.That is to say, it enables the working people to choose their ideal jobs, and at the same time, the employers can also recruit and retain right employees easily.Besides, the improvement of communication technology and transport can be a possible solution to many problems, such as traffic jams, air pollution and so on.For example, with the help of computers, the Internet, phones and other high-tech devices, people can work, shop, and study at home and fewer cars are driven on the roads.All in all, I admit the development also brings disadvantages, for example, more people rely on the modern technology and are reluctant to get in touch with others, but in many aspects, its merits obviously outweigh its drawbacks.【高分词汇】

★communication n.信息，通信

例All communications with the north have been by snowstorm.○译北部的一切通信均被暴风雨所阻。○★optimize vt.使最优化

例Design and optimize logistics solution.○译设计优化物流方案。○★fuel n.燃料

例Soot is usually the product of the imperfect combustion of fuel.○译煤烟通常是燃料不完全燃烧的产物。○★Geographical adj.地理学的，地理的

例Pollution of geographical environment is a serious problem.○译地理环境污染是一个严重的问题。○★distance n.距离，远离

例We spotted them at a distance of two hundred yards.○译我们在相距200码处就看到了他们。○★hurdle n.障碍

例In starting a new company, many hurdles must be crossed.○译刚创办一个公司时，必须克服许多障碍。○★far away 遥远，深远

例He lives far away from us.○译他住的地方离我们很远。○★moderate adj.中等的，适度的

例He has a room of moderate size.○译他有一个大小适中的房间。○★rely on 依赖，依靠

例You can rely on me for help.○译你可以依靠我来帮忙。○★reluctant adj.不顾的，勉强的

例He gives me a reluctant assistance.○

译他很不情愿地给了我帮助。○【万能句型】

1、People from different back grounds hold different attitudes towards it.From my own perspective, there are too many benefits that outnumber its disadvantages.The reasons are chiefly as follows.译文： 来自不同背景的人们对此都持有各自不同的态度。在我看来，这种现象的优点要远远大过其缺点。主要原因如下。

解读：这种句型常常用在第一段，首先说人们对这一问题态度各异，然后说出自己的观点，并为后面继续论述自己的观点做好铺垫和过渡。

2.All in all, I admit the development also brings disadvantages, for example,...but in many aspects, its merits obviously outweigh its drawbacks.译文： 总之，我承认，这种发展也带来了一些不利因素，例如，······，但在许多方面，他的优点明显大于缺点。

解读：这种句型常常用在最后一段，以让步的方式表达与前面主体部分论述的观点不同的一面，实际上是加强了对前面观点的论述。这种论述方式主要是为了避免观点偏颇。

14、体育设施与公众健康

Some people believe that to improve public health should increase the number of sports facilities;others believe that it has little effects and need other measures to improve it.Discuss both views and give your opinion.【Model Essay】

The construction of new sports facilities are definitely needed in an environment where people's health is in a declining state.However, there are those who believe that the way to improving people's health should lie in other measures that governments have to come up with to get people to live more healthily.In many countries, the lack of sports facilities has directly led to a sharp decline in the general public's involvement in sports activities, which is the major reason for overweight nowadays.If a wider range of sports and fitness facilities(swimming pools, basketball court and gymnasiums etc.)were available, then people would be more willing to spend time taking exercise, instead of watching television, playing video games or using computers at home.However, the building of such facilities may become a waste of time and money if they are built far away from where people live or if they are too expensive to use.In these cases, the government should spend more advertising healthier lifestyle.In the first place, a well-balanced diet will provide the body with all the nutrients needed, which can help people maintain health, improve immunity and reduce effects of illness.In the second place, enough sleep and less alcoholic are vital to health.These should be widely publicized among citizens.In the third place, the

government should also attach importance to the public mental hygiene problems and make mental therapy be available to all the residents.Based on the above discussion and analysis, we can see that only enlarging the number of sports facilities is far from enough and a series of measures as I have listed above should also be taken to improve public health.【高分词汇】

★come up with 提出，拿出

例I hope you can come up with a better plan than this.○译我希望你们能提出一个比这个更好的计划。○★spend...on...把„„花在„„

例He doesn't spend much time on his homework.○译他花在写作业上的时间不多。○★instead of(用„„）代替„„，（是„„）而不是„„

例Will you go to the party instead of me? ○译你替我赴宴好吗？ ○★well-balanced adj.很平衡，很均匀的，正常的，意识安全的

例We encourage and support all facets of a well-balanced work and personal life.○译我们鼓励和支持员工平衡好工作和个人生活的各方面。○★provide with 给„„提供；以„„装备

例Sheep provide us with wool.○译羊供给我们羊毛。○★improve v.改善，改进，提高

例If he can keep from smoking for a month or two, his health will improve.○译他要是一两个月不抽烟的话，健康一定会有起色的。○【万能句型】

1.In the first place,...In the second place,...In the third place,...译文： 首先，„„其次，„„其三，„„

解读：这种句型常用于论述作者支持或者反对某种观点的三点理由，或者用于表示列举。2.Based on the above discussion and analysis, we can see that …

译文： 基于以上讨论和分析，我们能认识到„„

解读：这一句型常常用于文章结尾段的第一句，承上启下，总结全文，从而得出自己的观点。

15、提倡健康的生活方式还是治疗病人

Some people think it is more important to spend public money promoting healthy lifestyle in order to prevent illness than to spend it on the treatment for people who are already ill.To what extent do you agree or disagree? 【Model Essay】

Along with the rapid development of the society, people are attaching much importance to health.Many people think that more public funds should be spent promoting healthy lifestyles rather than on treatment for people who are already ill.After careful consideration, I, personally, stand on the side of the advocates.The reasons are presented below.First and foremost, I believe that the saying “an ounce of prevention equals a pound of cure” is true, because the most effective way to defeat something is by a preemptive strike.The amount of time and money invested in promoting a healthy lifestyle would be far less than the amount spent curing persons who were too careless about their health.In addition, the benefits of encouraging healthy living far outweigh the “benefits” of curing the sick.In fact, there are no true benefits to spending money curing the sick, which is only the result of people neglecting their health.If they took better care of their health, there would be far less illnesses to worry about.Furthermore, living a healthy lifestyle is beneficial to a person’s life and society as a whole.Healthy persons tend to be happier and think more clearly.They are also less likely to become ill, thus, saving money on health care.All in all, of course, I am not suggesting that investments for treating people who are already ill should be neglected, because some ailments are unavoidable, such as hereditary ailments like high blood pressure.However, illnesses brought about by an unhealthy lifestyle, such as Emphysema from smoking, are completely avoidable, and more should be invested in preventing avoidable illnesses.Many countries are beginning to ban smoking in public places, and have reported positive effects on public health as a result.This is just one example of how promoting healthy living which has proven to be effective.【高分词汇】

★ preemptive adj.抢先的

例I believe this was preemptive.○我认为这是先发制人的。★ neglect vt.忽视，疏忽

例 The government neglected industry.○政府忽视了工业。

★As a whole 整体来看，普遍说来，一般的说

例 There are some areas of poverty, but the country as a whole is fairly prosperous.○这个国家有些地区比较贫困，但总的来说是相当富裕的。★Health care 卫生保健

例Community health care is very important.○社区的卫生保健很重要。★ Avoidable adj.可避免的

例In fact, the mistakes are avoidable.○实际上，错误是可以避免的。★As a result 结果，因此

例As a result, he had to leave.○结果，他只得离开。【万能句型】

1.Along with the rapid development of the society, people are attaching much importance to„„

译文：随着社会的快速发展，人们开始越来越重视„„

解读：这种句型常常用于第一段第一句，介绍背景，同时引出话题。

2.After careful consideration, I, personally, stand on the side of the advocates.The reasons are presented below.译文：经过认真考虑，我个人支持这一观点。原因如下。

解读：这种句型常常用语第一段最后一句，表示赞成某种观点，并引起下文。

16、明天重要还是今天重要

An American film actor once said, “Tomorrow is important and precious.” Some people think individuals and society pay more attention to the future than to the present.Do you agree or disagree? 【Model Essay】

An American film actor once said, “Tomorrow is important and precious.” Some people also think individuals and society should attach more importance to the future than to the present.But another saying goes like this, “Yesterday is history;tomorrow is mystery;only today is a present.” So in my point of view, I would prefer to cherish today and strive for tomorrow.There are many reasons supporting my view.Most important of all, tomorrow is always a day after today and the future is abstract, which we can only imagine it in our mind.But we do know that today passes very quickly.So we must grasp it firmly and devote more efforts to work and study.If it is necessary for us to fulfill something today, let us finish it and do not leave it until tomorrow.Remember that today is more valuable and we must get hold of it rather than imagine what the future is like.Moreover, what we are doing at present decides what the tomorrow would be like.However, some people do not know the value of today, so they waste it in going to films, playing games and doing other useless things.Idleness is the thief of today which can bring us a failure future.Finally, what the actor said really means that tomorrow is hope and the hope is important and precious, which we should never give up.However, only hope cannot achieve anything.So we should grasp the present to work hard and to get near to the hope.In fact, as long as we catch hold of today firmly, tomorrow must be fantastic.【高分词汇】

★Precious adj.宝贵的，贵重的

例○He has sent me most precious gifts.译○他送给我极其珍贵的礼物。

★Prefer to 较喜欢；宁愿

例○I prefer country life to town life.译○我更喜欢乡村生活而不是城市生活。

★ cherish vt.珍爱，怀抱（希望等）

例○ The old lady tenderly cherished her dog.译○老妇人十分爱她的狗。

★Strive for 奋斗，争取

例○ They have strived for peace.译○他们为谋求Precious和平而争斗。

★ firmly adv.坚定地，稳固地

例○ We stood firmly against expansionism.译○我们坚决反对扩张主义。

★Devote vt.投入于，现身

例○ We should devote everything we have.译○我们应该奉献我们的一切。

★ Idleness n.闲散，懒惰。赋闲无事

例○ Idleness rusts the mind.译○懒惰脑筋要生锈。

★Give up 放弃；认输

例○I can’t answer that puzzle;I give up.译○我猜不出这个谜语，我认输了。

★ fantastic adj.幻想的，奇异的

例 What a fantastic goal!○译这球进的多漂亮！○【万能句型】

1.But another saying goes like this，“…”

译文：但是另外一句谚语是这样说的：“„„”

解读：这是引用谚语的一种句型，用谚语或古语来引出某种观点，使观点更有说服力。2.So in my point of view，I would prefer to„ 译文：因此，依我看来，我宁愿„„

解读：这种句型一般用在第一段，表明作者立场；也可放在最后一段，总结作者的观点。3.There are many reasons supporting my view.译文：有很多理由支持我的观点。

解读：这种句型一般用在第一段最后一句，引起下文。

17、保持健康是对社会还是对个人负责

People should look after their health as a duty to the society they live in rather than their personal benefits.To what extent do you agree or disagree？

【Model Essay】

The generally accepted definition of health is a state of complete physical，mental，and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.Some people maintain that people should look after their health as a duty to the society they live in rather than their personal benefits.I agree with this position and my arguments for this point are listed as follows.On the one hand，the healthy condition of the national people is the symbol of the nation’s peace and prosperity.We can’t forget the fact, in the end of 19th century, not only the Chinese people were sneered at “oriental illness”, but also the territory was invaded and exploited.And at the contemporary age, a nation’s prosperity very much depends on the contribution made by its citizens who are in good health.Healthy people can devote to working and bring more benefits to the society.They can enhance productivity of the society and create more fortune.As a result, the entire society tends to be more wealthy and harmonious.On the other hand, health care is the prevention, treatment, and management of illness and the preservation of mental and physical well-being through the services offered by the medical，nursing, and allied health professions.So we can see that people who neglect their health would impose heavy burdens on the society they live in.As mentioned above, we gradually recognized that health is a matter of everybody in practice but not an individual matter.It is a positive concept emphasizing both social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities.【高分词汇】

★ definition n.定义，释义

例I made a definition for this word.○译我给这个词下了定义。○★absence n.不在，缺席，缺乏，没有

例 A major problem is the absence of water.○★look after

照顾，照看（某人或某物）

例They don’t look after themselves very well.○译他们没有很好地照顾自己。○★prosperity n.繁荣

例The new agreement raised hopes for conditions of prosperity and harmony.○译新的协议唤起了人们对繁荣和和谐前景的期望。○★harmonious adj.和谐的，协调的，和睦的

例The advantages of harmonious relations far outweigh the disadvantages of confrontation.○译和谐关系的好处远远大于冲突的坏处。○★prevention n.预防，防止

例Prevention is better than cure.○译预防远胜于治疗。○★impose vt.强加，强迫

例Overcrowding impose mental stains.○译 过度拥挤使精神紧张。○【万能句型】

1.The generally accepted definition of …is… 译文：被普遍接受的„„的定义是„„

解读：这种句型一般运用在第一段，用定义的方法引出话题。被定义的往往是题目中的关键词。本文就是首先运用对“健康”一词定义，为下文展开话题作铺垫。2.On the one hand，„ 译文：一方面，„„

解读：这个句型一般用于论述作者赞成或反对某种观点的一个方面的原因，如果是用于第二段开头，这一句的内容就是该段的中心句，后面会包括几个更具体的原因。3.On the other hand，„ 译文：另一方面，„„

解读：这个句型一般用于论述作者赞成或反对某种观点的另一个方面的原因，和on the one hand配对使用。

第四节——环境与动物保护

18、技术发展与环境问题

Development in technology causes problems.Some people believe the solution to these problems is for everyone to live a simpler life, while others say that technology can solve these problems.Discuss both views and give your opinion.As we all know, certain developments in technology lead to environmental problems.The best example I can give for this is the industrial revolution, and manual labor was largely replaced by machines, which were operated by burning coal and fossil fuels.This is thought by many to be a major cause of pollution and other environmental problems since the waste and after–products of burning fuels are usually disposed of into the air and water.How to solve these problems? Before rendering my opinion, I think it is important to analyze the following arguments on two sides.Some people advocate that living a simpler life and less consuming lifestyle is a solution to the matter, and everyone should certainly make an effort to be less wasteful in their daily lives.However, although this method may be the most practical one, it would require an extraordinary amount of effort from everyone which perhaps a little too much to expect.And sadly, some people may not be cooperative with any steps taken to ensure such a lifestyle because they have become too comfortable in their over-consuming way of life.Others point out that technicians are working hard to find ways to keep the earth clear.For example, scientists have studied clean technologies like batteries and wind power for years because of the threat of climate change.At the same time, with the development of technology, energy companies can produce more energy while emit less carbon dioxide.Admittedly, both sides are reasonable.But they are one-sided.In my opinion, the country should build up and carry out scientific development philosophy in an all-around way and set up environment-friendly policies and systems to develop recycling economy and stick to the way of new industrialization.Moreover, we should reinforce international cooperation in terms of environmental protection and sustainable development.【高分词汇】 ★lead to 导致，引起

例 In given conditions, a bad thing can lead to good results.○译在一定条件下，坏事可以导致好的结果。○★industrial revolution 工业革命

例 That country must have an industrial revolution.○译那个国家必须进行工业革命。○★make an effort 做出努力

例 The prisoner made an effort to escape.○译囚犯企图越狱。○★extraordinary adj.非常的，特别的，非凡的，额外的

例 There will be an extraordinary meeting next Wednesday to discuss the emergence resolution.○译下星期三将会有一个额外安排的会议专门讨论紧急决议。○★cooperative with 和„„合作

例Patients should be cooperative with the doctor in order to recover from the disease.○译病人要与医生合作，以期早日康复。○★carbon dioxide n.【化】二氧化碳

例Soft drinks contain carbon dioxide.○译软饮料中含有二氧化碳。○★build up 逐步建立，增强，增进

例 The pressure on the enemy is building up.○译对敌人的压力在不断地增强。○★carry out 执行，贯彻

例He carried out the plan in very detail.○译他一丝不苟地执行哪项计划。○★all-around adj.全面的，综合性的

例 This is an all-around dictionary.○译这是一本综合词典。○★environment-friendly adj.环保的，有利于环境的

例 A new kind of bags, environment–friendly shopping bags were introduced by our ○government

译一种新型，环保的购物袋被我们的政府引进了。○【万能句型】

1、Some people advocate that„ 译文：一些人提倡„„

解读： 在分析两方观点之前，需先引出观点内容。这种句型就是用来引出题目中一方观点的常用表达，放在第二段句首，表示开始分析一方的观点。

3、Others point out that…

译文：另一些人指出„„

解读： 这种句型常常用来引出题目中另一方的观点，放在第三段句首，表示开始分析另一方面的观点。

19、个人与环境保护

Some think that these environmental problems are too big for individuals to solve, while others think that individuals can solve these environmental problems if they take some action.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.【Model Essay】

It is true that one person alone does not have the capability to solve all environmental problems, such as pollution, deforestation and depletion of natural resources.However, this does not mean that an individual is completely powerless when it comes to protecting the environment.It is our duty as individual to try our best to deal with these problems.A good example of an individual can make sense is Al G ore, the democratic candidate for the US presidential elections for 2000,and his film An Inconvenient Truth.His film reached enormous popularity and helped gather much attention to the state of the earth and how pollution affects it.It is hard to say how much effect this had on the environment due to people’s changed attitudes, but it certainly helps arose people’s consciousness of protecting environment.Individuals can also join together and make a difference.For example, the Greenpeace Organization has also attached much attention to the cause of a cleaner environment and organized individuals to take an active part in some environmental-friendly actions.Individual’s actions can also be turned into united power when, for example, the whole neighborhood is mobilized to participate in a local campaign to oppose environmentally damaging policies.All in all, the earth is our home and each individual has responsibility to take care of it, not only for ourselves but also for our later generations.So we must work together to protect the environment and there is also a great deal that we can do alone.For example, we can save energy at home, like turning on the air conditioner only when we have to, or turning water heater down a few degrees, which is also ultimately good for the environmental.【高分词汇】

★try one’s best 竭尽全力，尽力

例 Whatever you do, try your best.○

译无论你做什么，都要尽力而为

○★make sense 讲得通，有意义

例 This sentence doesn’t make any sense ○译这个句子没有意义。○★arise vt.引发，激起，唤起

例 During the night a great storm has arisen ○译夜里来了一场大风暴。○★consciousness n.意识，知觉，自觉，觉悟，个人思想

例 The experience helped to change her social consciousness ○译这种经验有助于改变她的社会意识。○★ turn into（使）变成

例 Joan is turning into quite a skilled musician ○译琼正在变成一个技艺精湛的音乐家。○★ participate in 分担，参加

例 The people are demanding a chance to participate more in government ○译人民要求更多的参与政事的机会。○★ work together 共同，携手

例 Some people think that we should work together to protect the environment ○译有些人认为我们应该携手共同保护环境。○【万能句型】

1.When it comes to„„ 译文：当谈到„„

解读：这种句型常用来引出观点或问题，可以用在第一段，也可以用在其他段落。本文用在第一段，引出作者的观点。2.All in that…not only…but also… 译文：总之，……这不仅仅是…，也是…

解读：这种句型一般用于最后一段第一句，总结全文，得出结论，并进一步解释原因。

20、乘飞机旅行应该更便宜还是更贵。

Many people think cheap air travel should be encouraged because it gives ordinary people freedom to travel further.However, others think this leads to environmental problems, so air travel should be more expensive in order to discourage people from having it.Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.【Model Essay】

Whether air travel should be cheaper or more expensive has become a hot topic for discussion recently.Some people contend the price should be lifted to discourage it, which can contribute to environmental protection.Nevertheless, quite a few people stand on a very different ground.Both sides of argument are well supported by sound reasons.People who support that discouraging air travel by more expensive price give some of the following reasons.For one thing, air pollution by a plane could be dozens of times as that of common vehicles.And increasing the price of air travel can prevent many people from unnecessary journeys and reduce the use of planes and fuel.Less use of air flying produces less pollution.For another thing, raising the price of air travel could encourage the use of other cheap, clean and efficient high-tech protects as communication tools, like mobile phones, the Internet and computers, which can substitute for business travel by air.However, the other side of the coin voices its strong opposition, saying that cheap air travel has obvious merits.In the first place, lower price and superb systems of air communications make it possible for modern travelers to visit far away places at a moderate cost within hours.Actually, traveling by air has so far been the best way for people to travel around the world, considering the distance covered, the number of passengers transported and travel time.Admittedly, both opinions make sense, and consequently it is hard to decide which one is more valuable.From my own perspective, international traveling by air has so far been the most economical and efficient way which should not be rudely discouraged by improving the price.And the cost of air travel should sustain at a reasonable level.【高分词汇】

★lift vt.升高，提高，举起，空转

例 This window will not lift.○译这个窗户推不上去。○★ substitute for 用„„代替，（使）代替

例 Can you substitute for the singer who is ill? ○译你能替一下那位生病的歌手吗？ ○★superb adj.挺好的

例 They’ve designed us a superb plan.○译他们给我们设计了一个极好的计划。○★so far 迄今为止

例 So far ,so god ○译到目前为止，一切顺利。○

★sustain vt.支撑，撑住，维持，持续

例 We do not have enough money to sustain our campaign for long.○译我们没有足够的财力是宣传活动长期保持下去。○★reasonable adj.合理的，有道理的

例Fresh vegetables are reasonable in winter, too ○译冬季新鲜蔬菜的价格也不贵。○【万能句型】

1.Both sides of argument are well supported by sound reasons.译文： 双方论据都有合理的理由

解读：这个句型一般用在第一段最后一句，在提出双方的观点之后，用这个句型表示作者对双方观点的态度并引起下文，在对称式写法中经常用到这个句子。

2.Admittedly, both opinions make sense, and consequently it is hard to decide which one is more valuable.From my own perspective… 译文： 无可否认，双方观点都有一定的道理，因此很难确定哪一方更有价值。在我看来，…

解读：这种句型一般用于对称式写法的最后一段，与第一段相呼应，同时表明作者的立场。

21、个人在环境保护中的作用

Many people think it is important to protect the environment, but they make no effort on it themselves.Why is it and what your opinion? 【Model Essay】

Environment means the land, water and atmosphere we live by.However, pollution is, in fact, threatening it severely.People are also beginning to realize just how serious the whole situation is and they appeal that it is time to protect the environment.They are worrying, but do not make any effort yet.The reasons are chiefly as follows.On the one hand, many people think individual actions are too tiny to be noticed and their behaviors are indifferent to the environment.It will not get better for one`s effort, and will not worsen for one`s ignorance.On the other hand, some people think that environmental problems are too big for individual to deal with.No single person can save the environment.That is why nobody takes any action by himself.How can we protect environment at individual level? Individual actions, small as they may be, can prove more effective than we realize.We can avoid driving cars, and walk, take public transit or bicycle instead.This will reduce the use of fuel and cut pollution.Saving energy at home, like turning on the air conditioner only when we have to, or turning water heater down a few degrees, is also ultimately good for the environment.Individual`s actions can also be turned into united power when, for example, the whole neighborhood is mobilized to participate in a local campaign to oppose environmentally damaging policies.From what has been mentioned above, we can see that environmental protection is pretty complicated, which need each one`s effort and willingness.And it is the duty and responsibility of every individual to protect the environment.But the most pressing and complicated problems go far beyond an individual`s capability and so require the concerted effort of the environment as well as the global community.【高分词汇】

★threatening adj.胁迫的，危险的

例 That dog is very threatening.○译那条狗非常吓人。○★appeal vi.求助，诉请，要求

例 This job is rather appeals to me.○译这工作对我很有吸引力。○★ tiny adj.很少的，微小的

例 The baby put his tiny hand in mine.○译那个婴儿把小手放在我的手中。○★indifferent adj.无关紧要的

例 His manner was cold and indifferent.○译他的态度既冷漠又无动于衷。○★complicated adj.复杂的，难解的

例 This is the most complicated case I have ever handled.○译这是我所处理过的最为复杂的案子。○★pressing adj.紧迫的，迫切的

例 Pressing business matters prevented him from taking a holiday.○译他因生意上有紧迫事情而不能去度假。○★concerted adj.商议定的，协定的

例 He woke his audience to the need for concerted action.○译他使听众意识到有必要采取一致的行动。○【万能句型】

1.On the one hand, … On the other hand,….译文： 一方面„„，另一方面„„

解读：在论述原因或优缺点时，如果只有两点，就可用这个句型。它可以使段落层次清晰。本文第二段就采用了这种句型结构。类似的表达还有For one thing,…For another thing… 一方面„„另一方面„„ From what has been mentioned above, we can see that… 译文： 从上面谈到的，我们可以看出„„

解读：这种句型一般用于结尾段第一句，总结全文。

22、自然资源损耗

The natural resources such as oil, forests and fresh water are being consumed at an alarming rate.What problems does it cause? How can we solve these problems? 【Model Essay】

There is nothing unusual about energy like coals and oils being consumed, principally because economic development depends on natural resources all the time.But today, energy depletion is on a massive scale and this problem is so knotty that should deserve our closer heed.Amongst the diverse factors contributing to the energy crises around the world, government`s policies and citizens` extravagant use of automobiles are probably the two most significant ones.Additionally, the amount of private cars increases at such a breakneck speed that the petroleum used amounts to an intimidating proportion of the natural resources.The consequences are undoubtedly disastrous for human beings.Although countries can boast their growth of GDP, their citizens have to endure the ever deteriorated environment with stinking gas belching from factories and vehicles, polluted water due to fuels infiltrating underground, even ultraviolet radiation in the absence of ozone layer.Therefore, their quality of life is by no means improved.Therefore, the governments must take serious steps to attack those problems.The first and foremost is that governments have to reverse their minds and no longer deem the growth of GDP their first goal.Rather, the betterment of citizens` quality of life should deserve more attention than the economic growth.Furthermore, the use of private cars should be discouraged by authorities, who must shoulder the responsibility of improving public transportation in order to facilitate people as well as release the burden of energy consumption.In conclusion, to avoid the phrase “filthy rich” added to themselves, countries must pay more heed to the efficient use of energy and the issue of environmental protection;otherwise, environmental problems and energy crisis are feared to happen all around the world.【高分词汇】

★natural resources 天然资源

例 We must develop the natural resources of our country.○译○我们必须开发我们国家的天然资源。★all the time 总是；始终

例○ All the time people are seeking to prolong life.译○人们总是在寻找延长生命的方法。★heed n.注意，留意

例Take heed not to spill milk on the rug.○译○当心别把牛奶洒在地毯上。★extravagant adj.浪费的，过分的 例○Am I being extravagant? 译我这样是不是太奢侈？ ○★breakneck adj.要使颈骨折断似的，非常危险的 例○June worked at a breakneck pace to execute her plan.译琼废寝忘食地工作以实施其计划。○★boast v.自夸，以有„„而自豪

例She made a boast of her son`s talent and daughter`s beauty.○译○她夸耀她儿子聪明，女儿漂亮。★by no means 绝不

例Theory should by no means be separated from practice.○译○理论绝对不应该脱离实际。

★attack vt.攻击，抨击，动手处理（某事）例○We shall fight them back if they attack.译他们如若进攻，我们必将反击。○【万能句型】

1.Therefore, … must take serious steps to attack those problems.译文： 因此，……必须采取严厉的措施来解决这些问题。

解读：这个句型在问题解决型的题目中经常用到，这一句话是总述，接下来会提出解决问题的具体措施。

2.In conclusion,…Otherwise,… 译文： 总之„„否则„„

解读：这种句型一般用于最后一段，用于总结全文，得出结论，otherwise 表示从反面进一步加以论述。

第五节——媒体与艺术

23、报纸对人们的影响

Newspapers have become an enormous influence on people’s ideas and opinions.Is it a desirable or undesirable situation.【Model Essay】

Newspapers have been playing an essential role in shaping people’s thoughts on a wide range of issues.In my opinion, this complex phenomenon has both positive and negative aspects which need to be analyzed respectively.To a large extent, this situation is a desirable one with its many positive aspects.First of all, unlike works of fiction, newspapers mostly report actual occurrences.Therefore, when any opinion is expressed, whether intentional or not, they are regarded as fact along with other undisputable stories the paper presents.This is how newspapers influence the opinions of the public.In addition, many major newspapers have smoothly operated branches, seasoned correspondents and highly efficient systems to collect local news with the swiftest actions.Most importantly, their coverage and insightful comments can encourage young readers to form their own opinions on current affairs.On the other hand, people should be fully aware of the downside of the journalistic dominance.For example, newspapers tell stories that could be exaggerated or simply untrue to spur negative feelings towards a certain group.In addition, since we already know that newspapers can shape people’s opinions, it is difficult to judge whether those who believe one thing are actually holding their own opinion, or being influenced by the press.This simply means that whoever controls the press controls the opinions of the people, which results in a low variety of opinions.To sum up, newspapers have become so influential that it would be easy for people to believe that something did not happen if it was not reported.So I suggest that more privately run newspapers should be permitted to be publish, which can provide opportunities for the public to deliver their own opinions freely.【高分词汇】

★Regard as 把„„认作 例○ Don’t regard fantasies as truth.译 不要把幻想看成事实。○★Seasoned adj.经验丰富的，老练的 例 He is a seasoned traveler.○译○ 他是一位有经验的旅行者。★Correspondent n.通讯记者，通信者

例 They said foreign correspondents who stayed too long in a place went blind.○译○ 他们说，驻外记者在一个地方待得太久就变得不能发现新事物了。★Coverage n.新闻报道，报道量

例○ There’s little coverage of foreign news in the newspaper.译 报纸上几乎没有国外新闻报道。○★Insightful adj.富有洞察力的，有深刻讲解的

例○ They have a reputation for being intuitive and insightful.译 他们既有敏锐的洞察力，又有深刻的见解。○★Be aware of n.知道

例 Always stay alert and be aware of your surroundings.○译○ 随时随地保持警惕并意识到你四周的环境。★Comment n.解释，评论，意见 例 Comment is needless.○译○ 解释是不必要的。

★Dominance n.优势，支配地位

例○ Their economic dominance has merely been postponed.译 这些新兴经济体要占据经济主导地位还欠火候。○★Influential adj.有影响的，有势力的

例○ He is a very influential man in the government.译○ 他在政府中是个很有影响的人物。【万能句型】

1、In my opinion, this complex phenomenon has both positive and negative aspects which need to be analyzed respectively.译文：在我看来，这种复杂的现象既有积极地方面，也有消极的方面，需要深入分析。解读：这种句型常常用于第一段末尾，表明作者的观点，同时引起下文。

2、To a large extent, this situation is a desirable one with its many positive aspects.译文：在很大程度上，这种情况是好的，有许多积极地方面。解读：这种句型常常用于第二段第一句，表示开始分析积极的方面。

3、On the other hand, people should be fully aware of the downside of„„ 译文：另一方面，人们应该充分认识到„„这种不利的方面 解读:这种句型常常用于第三段开头，表示开始分析消极的方面。

24、音乐的作用

Many people think music plays an important role in society;others, however, believe music is simply a form of entertainment for individuals.What’s your opinion? 【Model Essay】

Nowadays, music is becoming increasingly prevalent at an amazing rate.As to the function of it, there is a long-running controversial debate.A majority of people contend that music is simply a form of entertainment for individuals, but others believe music plays an important role in society.Personally, I side with the latter opinion.No doubt, music is very relaxing.After a day of hard working, it is fun to listen to some music at home.You can even play a musical instrument for a while.In this way, music relieves the tension caused by the problems of a long day of work.At the same time, music plays an more important role than just entertainment.To begin with, music has the function of motivation.Exciting music can promote the morale of people.For example, when Chinese people fought against the invaders, many pieces of music were composed to encourage the spirits of the nationals.So the final victory should also credit much to the music.Then, music can act as a kind of communicating method.That is to say, people can feel the feelings in the music.Furthermore, music can raise people’s sense of art and their appreciating level, which helps them to pursue healthy hobbies and reduce their bad behaviors.Finally, music can console people from sorrows and make them feel mentally quiet.Whenever people hear music, you see them smiling and tapping their feet along with the beat.From the above analysis, we can reach the conclusion that music has various functions rather than individual entertainment.For the existence of music, the world keeps wonderful and peaceful.And we should not neglect the great importance of music.【高分词汇】

★Prevalent adj.普遍的，流行的

例 The habit of travelling by airplane is becoming more and more prevalent.○译○ 乘飞机旅行的习惯变得越来越盛行了。

★Side with 与（某人）站在同一边，和(某人)持有同样的见解 例○ She always sides with me.译 她总是站在我这一边。○★ relieve vt.减轻，缓解

例○ The doctors did their best to relieve the patient.译○ 医生们尽力减轻病人的痛苦。★Morale n.士气，斗志

例 The morale of the enemy troops is sinking lower every day.○译○ 敌军的士气日益低落。

★Credit to 为„„增光的人（事物）

例○ The sportsmen are determined to be a credit to their country.译运动员们决心为国增光。○★Sense of art 艺术感

例○ Music can raise people’s sense of art.译○ 音乐能提升人们的艺术感。★Pursue vt.追赶，追求

例He began to pursue an easy and comfortable life.○译○ 他开始追求安逸舒适的生活。★Along with 和„„一起

例○ Tobacco is taxed in most countries, along with alcohol.译 和酒一样，烟草在大多数国家都要征税。○【万能句型】

1、No doubt…… 译文：无疑，„„

解读：此句型常用在第二段开头，是一种让步的说法，表示承认题目中某方的观点，但这并不是作者主要要论述的观点。

2、At the same time,„„plays a more important role than just„„ 译文：同时，„„有着更重要的作用，而不仅仅是„„

解读：此句型常用在第三段开头，这是作者支持并且要重点论述的观点，接下来会具体说明有哪几点重要作用。

25、媒体应否报道犯罪细节

Some people think media should not report detail of crimes to the public.To what extent do you agree or disagree ? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.【Model Essay】

Recently, the discussion about whether the crime in the newspaper and on TV should be described at length has become a heated one.Some people assert that the media coverage of crime details should be banned while others claim that such reports have their own advantages.Before presenting my view, I seek to analyze the issue from different angles.From some people’s points of view, there are many good reasons for opposing the detailed description about the crimes in the newspaper and on TV.Firstly, the reports of criminal details often contain numerous of erotic, corrupt and provoking episodes, which may carry great risks and bring negative influence to young people.Furthermore, media reports of criminal details are unfair for the victim of crimes.The victims who have suffered greatly from these crimes would feel they were forced to experience a nightmare again.Many others, however, take a quite strong opposite attitude towards this issue.They believe the detailed descriptions about crimes should not be banned.The fundamental reason for this is that such reports keep the public alert to crimes.Should all these reports disappear from the media, it would be very hard for the public to know about the crimes occurring in society.As far as I am concern, I strongly believe that the detailed descriptions about crime in newspaper and on TV should be controlled to some extent.At the same time, we cannot deny the advantages brought by them.Therefore, we should encourage the media to inform the public about the criminal acts, but not in great detail.【高分词汇】

★At length充分地；详尽的

例○He went into the subject at full length.译○他详细地研究了这个问题。★Contain vt.包含，容纳，容忍

例○Whisky contains a large percentage of alcohol.译○威士忌的酒精含量很高，★Episode 一段情节，插曲；片段 例○The episode of this film sounds good.译○这部电影的插曲很好听。

★Suffer from 患（某种病）；受（某种病痛）折磨；因……而受罚（苦、损）例○Sometimes I still suffer from these weaknesses.译○有时我还是在吃这些弱点的苦头。★Nightmare梦魇，噩梦

例○I a had nightmare about being drowned in a lake.译○我做了个在湖里淹死的噩梦。★Disappear消失，不见

例○The snow will soon disappear when the warm weather comes.译○天气变暖时，雪很快就会融化。★Occur 发生，出现

例○I hope this won’t occur again.译○我希望不要再发生这种事情。★To some extent某种程度上

例○National economic growth accelerated to some extent.译○国民经济增长速度有所加快。【万能句型】

1.From some people’s points of view, there are many good reasons for apposing … 译文：从一些人的观点来看，有许多理由可以用来反对……

解读：这种句型常常用于对称式写法第二段的第一句，是这一段的总述，接下来再从几个方面分别讲述。

2.Many others, however, take a quite strong opposite attitude towards this issue.译文：然而，许多其他的人对这个问题持有完全相反的态度。

解读：这种句型常常用于对称式写法第三段的第一句，是这一段的总述，接下来再从几个方面分别讲述。

26、老年人使用手机和网络

With technology speeding up, more and more young people begin to use mobile phones and the Internet, but old people have little chance to be exposed to them.What ways could mobile phones and Internet be useful to old people? How do old people be encouraged to use these new technologies? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.【Model essay】

New technologies such as mobile phones and the internet not only bring a lot of fun to youngsters, but also have an important effect on senior citizens who would like to keep pace with the age.However, after thorough survey, we find that unlike the youth, most old people are afraid to try these new technologies.For one thing, based on pondering on many occasions, the new technologies could be useful to old people in the following ways.Firstly, it is convenient for them to keep in touch with their children who live independently or study overseas by using mobile phones or e-mails.They could communicate with their children on line or by sending instant massages.Besides, if some of old people feel physically uncomfortable or get in danger outdoors and alone , they could immediately make an emergency call or inform their relatives or friends.For another thing, we can see that old people are reluctant to learn new technologies, so some feasible measures should be taken to encourage them to use the high-tech products.First and foremost, they should be specially designed for the old people, i.e., they should be cut down parts of the subsidiary functions and easy to operate.Moreover, the buttons and displayed characters should be extra big so that old people could see them clearly.furthermore, these products should

be cheap enough to be acceptable to the old people.Last but not least, as far as the old people concerned, they are also really supposed to be a bit more confident to make use of the new technologies.Generally, I should say that let the high-tech facilitates both young and old people’s lives, which need the technologists to make just one step forward.【高分词汇】

★Keep pace with 并驾齐驱

例○Our theoretic work must keep pace with our revolutionary practice.译○我们的理论工作必须和革命实践相适应。★Keep in touch.保持联络 例○We’ll keep in touch with you.译○我们将和你保持联系。★Independently独立地，自立地 例○Can you complete it independently? 译○你能够独立完成吗？

★Communicate with 与……联系，与……交往 例○I communicate with him regularly by letter.译○我与他定期通信。★Get in 到达

例○What time does the rain from London get in? 译○从伦敦来的火车何时进站？ ★Reluctant 不顾的，勉强的 例○He gave me a reluctant assistance.第六节——科技

27、农业领域的新发展

Some people support the development in agriculture such as factory farming and scientific creation of new type of fruits and vegetables.some people oppose it.Discuss both views and give your opinion.Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.【Model Essay】

It is widely acknowledge that the debut of new things always accompanies debating and arguing.Some people support the development of agriculture, such as factory farming and scientific creation of fruits and vegetables, while others oppose it.Undeniablely, there are points in both sides of the argument..Those who favor the new development of agriculture give their reasons as follows.Firstly, traditional agriculture has always been slow and lack of efficiency in mass production of food.So it is necessary to introduce scientific methods to create new fruits, vegetables, ect， which can ensure the citizens have enough meat, corns, fruits and vegetables to consume.Secondly, factory farming can be very profitable since we can get rid of the impact from climatic factors and pest invasion, which can promote economic development.However, the other side of the effects cannot be ignored.First and foremost, this way of agricultural production may do harm to our health.For example, in order to make pigs grow faster, a lot of chemic ingredients are added into the feeding stuff.When we eat the meat of the animals fed up by the feeding stuff, the ingredients come into our innards.Cancers and other diseases may attack us with the accumulation of these harmful chemic ingredients.In addition, this production way can seriously pollute the environment.Tons of chemic fertilizers are spread into the fields, which will ruin the soil.After years of farming, this soil would be so barren that no plants are suitable to grow there.As far as I am concerned, I agree with the former.In modern society, traditional modes of agriculture are too slow and monotonous to fulfil the appetite of global citizens.We should grasp the opportunity to accelerate the development of agriculture.【高分词汇】

★ debut n.初次登场，开张

例○ Helen made her debut at a party when she was eighteen.译○海伦十八岁时在一次聚会上初次进入社交界。★ get rid of 摆脱，除去 例○ we must get rid of this bad style.译我们必须去掉这种不良作风。○★ attack vt.攻击，抨击，动手处理（某事）例○ We shall fight them back if they attack.译○他们如若进攻，我们必将反击。

★ accumulation v.加速，促进 例○ The capitalists only care about the accumulation of weath.译 资本界只顾积累财富。○★ accelerate v.加速，促进

例○ We must seize all opportunities to accelerate development.译 必须抓住一切机遇加快发展。○

【万能句型】

1.Undeniable，there are points in both sides of the argument.译文：不可否认，辩论的双方都有道理。

解读：这个句型一般用于对称式写法第一段的最后一句话，表示作者接下来要开始对两种对立的观点分别进行分析。

2.Those who favor …give their reasons as follows.译文：那些支持„„的人理由如下。

解读：这种句型一般用于对称式写法第二段的第一句，表示开始论证正方的观点。3.However, the other side of the effects cannot be ignored.译文：然而，另一方面的影响也不能被忽视。

解读：这种句型一般用于对称式写法第三段的第一句，表示开始论述反方的观点。

第七节——犯罪

28、对犯罪分子的惩罚

Some people think that criminals should be given longer terms in prison, so as to reduce the crime rate.To what extent do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.【Model Essay 】

With the incidence of crime hovering at high levels, many have become disturbed and alarmed.And a growing number of people have begun to insist that criminals should be given longer terms in prison, so as to reduce the crime rate.They argue that the law offenders should be punished severely.At first thought, this opinion seems to be sensible and sound.But on second thought, I find it is not often the case.The reasons are given below.The first one is that longer terms in prison may be unfair to the criminals.Punishment should match with the crime, which is a major principle and has been acknowledged by most countries.If criminals are given longer terms than they deserve, this act itself is a kind of crime which deprives the basic human rights of criminals.Besides, some of the criminals are very talented people and may be experts in some fields.So after a certain term of imprisonment, they should be set free and use their talent to serve the society.If they were detained in the prison for longer terms ,they may lose the opportunities of making good use of their skills.The third one is that if criminals were locked up in prisons longer, the government would spend more money providing them food and shelter.This is a huge waste of wealth.Taking into account all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that giving criminals longer terms in prison is not the only way to prevent crimes.At the same time, the government should take some other measures to combat against crimes.For example, the government may reclaim criminals by education and teaching then skills.【高分词汇】

★ offender n.犯罪；冒犯者

例 Reckon leniently with a first offender.○译○ 对初犯者从宽发落。

★ punish vt.惩罚，处分

例○ The parents punished their disobedient child.译 父母惩罚了他们不听话的孩子。○★ severely adv.严重地，严格地

例 His courage was severely tired.○译○ 他的勇气收到了严峻的考验。

★ sound adj.健全的，可靠的，合理的

例○ You had better establish a sound foundation for your further study.译 你最好为将来的深造打下牢固的基础。○★ match with 使„„和„„相配（称）

例○ What you have said doesn’t match with the facts.译○ 你所说的跟事实不完全相符。

★ principle vt.应得；应受(赏、罚等)，该奖[罚] 例 These machines work on the same principle.译 这些机器按同样的原理运转。

★ deserve vt.应得；应受（赏、罚等），该奖（罚）

例○ If you do wrong, you deserve punishment.译 你如做错事，应当受罚。○★ set free 释放

例○ We pray you to set the prisoner free.译○ 我们恳求你释放这个囚犯。

★ Detain vt.扣留，拘留

例○ The policeman detains him as a suspect.译○ 警察把他当做嫌疑犯而加以拘留。

【万能句型】

1.With the incidence of …hovering at high levels, many have become disturbed and alarmed.译文：随着„„的发生率居高不下，这引起了很多人的困扰和警觉。解读：这种句型常常用于第一段第一句，介绍背景，引出要讨论的话题。

2.Taking into account all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that 译文：考虑到所有的这些因素，我们可以得出结论„„

解读：这种句型常常用于结尾段第一句，承接上文，得出结论。

29、预防犯罪的措施

Many people are afraid to leave home because of crime.Some believe that more actions should be taken to prevent crimes, but others feel little can be done.What’s your view? 【Model Essay】

Nowadays, the incidence of crime is growing at a staggering rate, which leads to some people are afraid to leave home.Such a grave situation merits our careful attention.Some suggest that more effective measures should be taken to guard against crimes, while others feel nothing can make sense.From my part, I totally consent to the former point of view.We should take effective measures to solve the problem.The basic way to stop so many crimes is the serious punishment and actions taken by the government.We should put more police force to protect the public security, especially in some high-crime ratio areas.And the police force should be armed with the most advanced equipment for their better performance in their daily work, With the help of the latest technologies, such as the surveillance skill, computer skill and etc, the work of policemen will become efficient and the rate of crime will decrease gradually.And for common people, what they need to do is to keep alert, try best to avoid any possible crimes.At the same time, learn some basic skills to defend crimes.For instance, do not walk along the dark footpath at night when you get back home from work;put your bag to the front instead of at back when walking in the crowded throng.In a word, do not give any chance to the criminals.So in my opinion, it is totally unnecessary for people to stay at home because of the crimes.Many things can be done to prevent crimes, If you have fully preparation, it will become relatively easy for you to treat with the crime.And even you encounter, you can reduce your lost to its minimum.【高分词汇】

★staggering adj.蹒跚的，摇晃的，令人惊愕的

例○He was half in the bag and staggering slightly.译○他已半醉，走路有点摇摇晃晃。

★guard against 提防，预防

例○ We should take measures to guard against accidents.译○我们应该采取措施防止事故发生。

★arm with 用……武装起来，装备有……的

例○ The government was armed with many facts and figures.译○政府以许多事实及数字作为武器。

★surveillance n.监视，监督

例○ We must keep these people under close surveillance.译○对这些人我们要严密监视。

★encounter v.遭遇，遇到，相遇 n.遭遇，遭遇战

例○ It seems probable(that)we might encounter some unexpected troubles.译○我们很可能会遭遇到一些意向不到的麻烦。

【万能句型】

1.Nowadays, the incidence of … is growing at a staggering rate, which lead to some people … 译文：如今，……以惊人的速度增长，使得一些人…… 解读：这种句型常常用于第一段第一句，介绍背景，引出话题。2.So in my opinion, it is totally unnecessary for … to … 译文：因此在我看来，因为……而……实在没有必要。

解读：这种句型一般用于结尾段第一句，总结全文，提出自己的观点。

第八节——文化与旅游

30、特殊日期的意义

Nowadays many charities and other organizations publicize their activities by giving a name to a particular day every year, like National Non-smoking, National Children’s Day, etc.Why do these organizations do this? How effective can these special days be? 【Model Essay】

第二篇：雅思写作高分

雅思写作高分模板分享

本文由新航道雅思整理发布

目前最常见的雅思写作类型为分析型和一面倒类型，理所当然的也成为烤鸭们在雅思备考中练习最多的，下面是为烤鸭们准备好的模板，大家可以根据自己的喜好和特点选择适合自己的，并且能拿到高分的模板，祝烤鸭们考试顺利。

雅思写作高分模板|雅思作文高分模板一面倒

1.NO invention has received more praises and abuses than cars… Now there is a growing awareness over traffic safety.2.Although some people acclaim that… I am still prone to go along with the other side based on the following sound reasons.：

3.To embark on it, it comes as the first problem that...：

4.Should it remain unable to unfold my perspectives, it'll come as reinforcement that…

5.It is indisputable that nowhere in history has...been more visible.As far as I am

雅思写作高分模板|雅思作文高分模板分析型

1.Recently the...has been brought into focus...Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible.In this essay, I aim to explore this complicated phenomenon from diverse perspectives, identify the relevant contributing factors and bring up some effective measures.2.As far as I am concerned, an array of integrated factors contributes to the...The first role that should be blamed is...Another equally important factor lies in… Last but not least...：

3.As a matter of fact,...gives rise to a host of problems, such as...Confronted with such a thorny issue, people come up with a variety of constructive countermeasures.Personally, the following are worth recommendation...：

4.When everyone is fully aware of the severity and take feasible measures, I firmly believe...以上雅思写作高分模板都是以句子为单位进行列举的，这样的话也便于考生们自由的组合，通顺的表达雅思文章的主题思想。

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第三篇：雅思写作高分

雅思写作大作文必看高分范文

TASK 2: 高分范文一

Individuals can do nothing to improve the environment;only governments and large companies can make a difference.To what

do you agree or disagree?

Nowadays, an increasing number of people are concerned about environmental protection and regard it as one of the most important challenges.However, whether only governments and big firms have resources and powers to preserve our environment is a controversial issue.My view is that every single citizen could also make a huge difference.In the first place, it is clear that it is human activities that have the greatest impact throughout the history.Both environment contamination and conservation are the long-term process, and no single government or big company can meet this challenge alone.So whoever created the problem should be responsible for solving it;environment protection needs every one of us to continuously participate in.Moreover, the public’s wills and behaviors have critical influence on government’s policies and companies’ strategies.For example, if everyone says “no” to plastic shopping bags and paper cups, the companies that manufacture such products will switch to environmental-friendly substitutes in order to survive in the market.However, that is not to say that governments and large companies cannot positively contribute.Indeed, governments can enact laws and introduce programs to raise the public’s low-carbon awareness;companies can promote green products to change the public’s consuming habits.But they also need every citizen’s appreciation and support to bring good results.In sum, no effort is too small when we are protecting the environment.Meanwhile, local authorities and organizations must shoulder their responsibility to develop low-carbon economy at the macro level.Only by doing so can we assure that we could hand this beautiful planet to our next generation and the next generation after.TASK 2: 高分范文二-----Argumentation

The Internet has dramatically altered our lives over the past few decades.Although some of these changes have been negative, the overall effect of this technology has been positive.What are your opinions on this?

The Internet has brought significant changes to our lives in recent years.However, there remains some disagreement as to whether the overall effect of this technology has been positive or negative.While there are certainly valid arguments to the contrary, I personally believe that the benefits of the Internet far outweigh its drawbacks and these benefits are twofold.First of all, it is an indisputable fact that the Internet has revolutionized the way we communicate.Despite the risk of social isolation-a problem occasionally seen in people who spend too much time at their computer terminal rather than relating to people in the real world-most of us have benefited greatly from e-mails and Internet chat programs like MSN Messenger.These incredibly useful and powerful tools of communication facilitate both contact with loved ones in faraway places and global trade.Moreover, the Internet has placed the entire world(and all of the information in it)at our fingertips.In earlier times, conducting research entailed long hours searching library shelves.Now, however, the same information can be accessed at the click of a button.Admittedly, not all of the information available on the Internet is reliable or helpful-there is a vast amount of material online that some would consider offensive or dangerous, ranging from pornography to instructions on how to make bombs.Nonetheless, I would contend that this free flow of information has generally been a very positive development.By way of conclusion, I once again reaffirm my position that the Internet has had a positive impact on modern life because of its influences on communication and the flow of information.TASK 2: 高分范文三-----Report

With divorce rates and family breakdowns increasing globally, it is generally accepted that families today are not close as they used to be.Discuss the causes of this problem and offer some possible solutions to it.Divorce and family breakdown were virtually unheard of just 100 years ago.Now, however, almost half of all marriages fail.This phenomenon is symptomatic of the growing distance between family members in modern society.In this essay, I intend to explore the sources of this problem along with some possible solutions to it.Chief among the causes of this problem is the modern lifestyle.Today’s parents have to work harder than those of previous generations to support their families.Traditionally, one parent assumed the role of breadwinner, while the other-typically the mother-acted as the homemaker.Recently, though, double income families have become the norm.Consequently, an increasing number of children now grow up in a parentless environment.Little wonder, then, that they feel alienated.Another contributing factor is the passive and solitary nature of many modern forms of entertainment.In order to solve this sense of alienation within families, I believe we must first address its root causes.Perhaps the most effective method of doing this would be for governments to offer financial incentives to parents who choose to remain at home and take care of their families.Admittedly, such incentives would probably not fully compensate couples for lost income;however, they would at least soften the hardship of living on a single income and provide an alternative for parents who would rather remain at home but are unable to do so because of financial constraints.One further measure would be to promote more interactive leisure activities in the community through public education campaigns.In conclusion, I believe that this is clearly a problem of such complexity that no solution is likely in the short term.However, I believe that the measures outlined above would constitute a good first step.Successful sports professionals can earn a great deal more money than people in other important professions.Some people think this is fully justified while other think it is unfair.Discuss both these views and give your opinion.As a result of constant media attention, sports professionals in my country have become stars and celebrities, and those at the top are paid huge salaries.Just like movie stars, they live extravagant lifestyles with huge houses and cars.Many people find their rewards unfair, especially when comparing these super salaries with those of top surgeons or research scientists, or even leading politicians who have the responsibility of governing the country.However, sports salaries are not determined by considering the contribution to society a person makes, or the level of responsibility he or she holds.Instead, they reflect the public popularity of sport in general and the level of public support that successful stars can generate.So the notion of “fairness” is not the issue.While those who feel that sports stars’ salaries are justified might argue that the number of professionals with real talent are very few, and the money is a recognition of the skills and dedication a person needs to be successful.Competition is constant and a player is tested every time they perform in their relatively short career.The pressure from the media is intense and there is little privacy out of the spotlight.So all of these factors may justify the huge earnings.Personally, I think that the amount of money such sports stars make is more justified than the huge earnings of movie stars, but at the same time, it indicates that our society places more value on sport than on more essential professionals and achievements.In many countries, the proportion of older people is steadily increasing.Does this trend have more positive or negative effects on society?

In more and more developed countries we see the following trends: incomes rise, people get married later and have fewer kids.The result is the demographics change and the population ages.While having more old people sounds like a good thing(as they tend to be kind and warm-hearted), it can have a serious impact on economies and societies.Consider, for example, that in order for a country’s GDP to grow it needs to produce more goods and services each year.With an aging population and more people retiring, fewer are left to work, creating an economic hole.The result is that such countries have to rely on immigration to fill the gap and this is a less-than-desirable solution.Consider also, that as more people reach their twilight years they will face increasing health problems and this puts huge pressure on health care and other social programs.In most countries the government pays for at least some of the costs of health care, not to mention things like pensions, all of which means a big bill someone has to pay for.To be fair, however, we should be careful not to direct our anger towards old people themselves.Old people can still make contributions to society, whether it means helping look after grandchildren, working part time or even doing voluntary work.On an individual level, old people can be a real treasure.To sum up, governments should recognize the challenges of an aging society and take the appropriate action.But in addition to fixing the short-term impact of an older society, they should also look at the bigger picture and do their best so that in the future we have a better age balance.

第四篇：雅思写作高分词汇

雅思写作高分的取得并不是一件容易的事，大家需要掌握一定的写作技巧，词汇的应用就是最基础的。下面为大家搜集整理了两个关于词汇应用方面的雅思写作高分技巧，供大家在写作备考的过程中进行适当的参考和借鉴。

词汇语序不准确是导致大家不能拿到雅思写作高分的重要因素。

因为中文和英文的叙述方式的不同，词汇的搭配顺序也有很大的区别，所以在雅思写作中，常常会造成一些中式英语的文章，也就是说会写一些完全按照中文语序逐字翻译的错句。这样的语言表达会给考官阅读带来困难，会对句意理解出现分歧，如此一来，当然会大大影响作文的得分。

例如：“竞争合作意识”应当被翻成“the sense of competition and cooperation”。

许多考生在情急之下，往往会翻成“competition and cooperation sense”

这样的表达一旦出现比例较高，便会给考官造成语言不地道的感觉，也就难以取得雅思写作高分。想要掌握正确的词汇的表达顺序这个雅思写作技巧，大家需要在备考雅思写作的过程中接触更多的英语读物，形成英语写作的思维。

书写上存在简写或缩写也是倒是大家不能拿到雅思写作高分的因素。

很多考生在备考雅思写作考试的时候，不能区分口语用词和书面用词的区别，以至于把一些不用在书面表达的方式用在了写作上。口语与写作的最大区别便是口语较随意，而写作比较严谨。为了凸显作文的书面感，建议考生应尽量避免明显的或者大量的简写和缩写形式。一来可以让卷面看起来更加清爽，二来也可以给考官留下认真严谨的好印象。

典型的易写缩写的表达有：

It’s 应该写成it is

What’s more应该写成what is more,Can’t应该写成cannot

以上就是这两个雅思写作高分技巧的全部内容，包括了词汇的语序和词汇的简写和缩写两个部分。大家在自己的雅思写作备考的过程中，一定要注意这两个方面，只要不按照自己思考中文的思维方式来写作，就能大大减少这些可能性了。

第五篇：雅思写作高分词汇

雅思写作高分词汇

1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle

2损害： Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize

3给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford

4培养：：Develop, cultivate, foster

5优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced保护：Protect, conserve, preserve

11确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge有害的： Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental要求 ：Request, demand, needs, requisition消除 ：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away导致： Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to

18降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to，slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to

19保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably

21平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim发生：Happen, occur, take place原因：Reason, factor, cause发展：Development, advance, progress有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding，advantageous影响：Influence, impact, effect

28明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear

29占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose

30与…相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to

31对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely32展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe 33 大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly

34波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation 35事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that

36换言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle