中南大学口语考试

第一篇：中南大学口语考试

Item One

A: Honey, you promised me to see a film tonight, now I am ready to go.When do you pick me up? B: Honey, I am afraid I can't go with you tonight.A: Why? What had happened to you?

B: I am sorry honey.I really want to go with you.But boss gave me a lot of work to do today.I finish all of them just now.I am exhausted.I am afraid I will fall into sleep in the cinema if I go to see the film.And all I want to do now is just going home and having a nice dream.A: But you promised me.I have dressed up and get ready for everything.B: Forgive me.I promise tomorrow I will go with you.And I will take you to a new restaurant for dinner.A: what kind of restaurant ? B: A restaurant which is good of French food.A: oh..you still remember French dish is my favorite food B: of course.How can I forget the thing that my girlfriend likes most.A: Make sure you can do that!B: Yes, madam.A: OK...enjoy your quiet night and have a nice sleep.B: Thank you honey, it's nice of you, see you tomorrow.A: See you.Task 2 B: Hi, lily.What are you doing.A: Hi John ,it's good to see you, i am doing a research about the modernization of the city.Can you tell me any place that has undergone modernization? B: Of course, I can take my hometown for example.You know, I'm from Guangzhou.And it's one of the most modern city in china.My home is in a town in the north of Guangzhou.I can remember when I was a little child there just were five roads.Nearly all the stores, schools and houses were build alone this five roads.The roads were small but seldom had traffic problem because most of people didn't have a car.It was a place full of peaceful.A: What about now? B: Now my hometown has become much bigger than before.The roads are becoming longer and longer.And the number of the roads has risen up to dozens.Though the roads are wide, they still sometime have traffic problem because of the booming of cars.But I like my hometown even more than before.Because I can go shopping in super market.I can go to different restaurant to have different delicious food easily.I think my hometown is becoming more and more attractive.That's all.What about you? What place is in your research? A: I am writing something about Sanya in Hainan province.I can still remember what a wonderful trip it was to go to Sanya twelve years ago.There had excellent free beach with golden and soft sand, clean and blue sea.And people there is very hospitable.B: It sounds great.What about now? A: Well.When I went there again in this summer, I felt great change.There were lots of big and high hotel along the beach.The beach was still beautiful but most of them were not for free.You had to pay or check in the hotel, or you can just watched the beach but could not get into it.People there always wanted you to pay even just give you a help.Sanya now is just make me feel unhappy.Item two Task one B: what can I do for you, Miss? A: I want to buy this jacket, how much is it? B: it's just 399 yuan

A: 399 ?!I can't believe it.It is so expensive.B: oh, miss.You can see the material of the jacket , it's very soft and warm.It is worth the price.A: But it is out of my budget.Can you give me a 20% discount? B: oh miss, I am afraid I can't do it.But I think this jacket fits you very much, so I can give you 5% discount.A: 5%, it's still expensive.And I think the color of it is a little dark.How about 15% ,I will take it.B:Miss, let me recommend this one to you.It has a nice color, beautiful design and a lower price than that one.It's just 299.A: En...But I think it don't have a good quality.299 is too expensive for it.B: 259, I can hardly get profit of that.A: But I don't like it at all.It looks cheap and do not have a high quality.I just like the first one.B: ok miss, I can give you the highest discount of 10%.I am sure you will not regret to buy it with this price.A: All right.Wrap it up.Here is the money.B:Ok, thank you.here you are.Have a nice day.Task two A: last month my cost was out of budget again.I have to think of some way to save money.B: So how to save money as far as you are concerned? A: I think I should not eat out all the time.I know it is convenient and tempting to eat out frequently, but it can end up costing me a lot of money.I think I should eat in the school canteen more often to save money.B: you are right , I think it's very effective to save money.A: and I remember I bought a pear of shoes just because of its appearance, and it cost me about 500yuan, but it didn't fit me at all, So I think I should think more before I buy one thing.B: haha, Impulsion is always a devil.A: And I think I can find a part-time job.It can not only give me some extra cash but also give me social experience.B: yes , it's a good idea.A: Can you give me some suggest? B: Of course.I think you can buy many things online such as books, cloths, stationery and so on.Shopping online is always much cheaper than in the school store.Take books as an example , buying book online always has about 50% discount.I am sure you can save lot of money by shopping online.But you need to be careful, you shouldn't buy what you want but buy what you need.A:En, it is reasonable, what else? B: I think the best way to save money is to study hard.If you do good in your study, the and thousands of yuan your parent spent to let you go to school will have been that much better spent.Besides, you can also get the scholarship if you study well.A: you are right, now I have already know how to save my money.Thank you.Item three A:I just can’t put up with meal in our canteen.They’re always the same even the place won’t be changed B;Yeah,m I sometimes eat out.A:Eat out?That sounds good,more choices

B:Indeed.I often find p;ace that clean and serving quickly so that we won’t wait for a long time.A:Hmm,a clean environment is very important.B:I’ve gotten a spoon that there was still oil on it.A:Oh ,no..B:And I saw some restaurants cleaning their dishes without cleanser essence.A:How can they do that!so disgusting!B:Yeah,so I’ve never been there after that.It seems restaurants around school are always not very clean enough, A:Well,I haven’t gone many restaurants around shool,but I always have meal out when I travel, B:It can’t be without cate when we’re traveling.A:Of course.and it can help we know the custom and cooking culture in that place.For example， people in Guangdong province don’t like hot peppermbu people in Hunan just like it,even when they cook vegetable ,they also add hot pepper in it.And,if I want to tet more quthentic cate, I need eat at some place in the street, that means dishes may very delicious but not very clean B:But you feel it deserves A:Indeed.Task 2 A:I’ve bought a new mobile phone recently(show)B:Wow iphone A:Yeah,but it seems I have a little regret that I spent almost my three months living expenses B:Oh,are you a credit-card binger? A:Though I don’t want to admit that, but I am.Except the phone, I bought things just within my wants but not my needs.So,I am always lacking of money at the end of each month B:So,you borrow money from classmates? A:Ha-ha,no,I still have some saving by myself.But I sometimes hate this habit and I try to control my impulsion ,setting the limits of consumption.It comes a little effect,but I just find that it just away that putting off the date I bought it but not put an end to the thought B:Take it easy,you’re a local tyrant A:Oh,please...B:Ha..A:So you will control yourself to buy thing that you need? B:Almost a lot of time A:A savvy speeder!How can you control yourself? B:Well,may be I haven’t find something I really like so I don’t need to spend a lot.But I remember I bought a pair of shoes just because of its appearance,but it was a bit small.A:But you bought it,girls always like this.B:yeah..The first time I wore it,it made my ankle to bleed for it can’t fit my feet.It was so small and rub my ankle and my heel.I have never worn it after the first time.That pair of shoes have gotten dusty now,and it gives me a warn not to consume with impulsion for these pair of shoes,for my half of living expenses.A:Oh,I feel I should make up my mind not being a credit-card binger now..Item four

A:Have you ever heard of the story that ‘Alice in Wonderland’

B:I heard it long before,it seems an very interesting story but I almost forget it ,tell me.A:Ok.Alice is a girl who bored with tutor’s teaching,and she just round a rabbit with a clock running fast,then she ran after the white rabbit.Unexpectedly,she fell the rabbit hole,and went into a fantsty world populated by pechliar,anthropomorphic creatures.B:Oh,I remembered,the hatter,a strang cat..A:Yeah,they are part of the wonderful land.after the first strange white rabbit with clock running,the next is Dodo B:Dodo?A bird?..A:Yeah.he was dancing when Alice saw him,and he called and even pushed Alice to dance together.But Alice just impatient wanted to follow the white rabbit, and than,oh,she became small after she went into the wonderland.B:She seems ate a cookie A:Yeah, and though she cried but it is convenient for her to stay in this small world,you know, a world for rabbit cat and so on..B:ha,then? A:Then she met met a pair of twins,listened a ridiculous story ,and a crazy rabbit ,that’s the Hatter,to had an unbirthday party, and listened a concert in the garden sang by throw flower but was driven out.then she met a wise cat who like teasing her.And the heart queen,Alice did something annoyed the queen so she was sent to the court and even was punished to be cut head.B:Oh no A:But she just came back, back to the real world.B:Are all of these her dream? A:Yeah,but this just like the real world..I have CD of this.If you want to watch it ,I can borrow you B:Really?Thank a lot!I did want to watch it again,it’s a fantastic story.Task 2 A:The winter vocation is coming,will you go somewhere? B:Yeah,and of course a warm place.A:Well,which capital city would you want to spend a weekend in? B:Hmm maybe Kunming.in Yunnan province.Kunming is the spring city in china, it just like spring all the year.A:Though it have snowed several days ago B:Ha..This is anomaly,but it still has the mild climate,and buildings there are also the old style I like.It can make me calm and get rid of the trouble from my life.And in summer, there is a water-sprinkling Festival in Kunming.A:It sounds good.B:Yeah,the more water poured on your body,the more lucky you’ll have.And you?which capital city will you spend ? A:Maybe Nanjing.I’ve been to Nanjing before,but I still want to go there again.Nanjing is a city with cultural heritage.It was the capital city of six dynasties in Chinese history.Xuanwu Lake,Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum,Office of President,all of these record the history of Nanjing,and the history of China.and you will see the sycamore trees along the street,especially in summer, in some narrow streets, the trees shut out almost the whole street.I like the feeling.And foods in Nanjing are also attract me so long.It is the important reason that I want to go there again.B:You could go there this vocation,don’t forget bring some speciaties from there A:Ha,I will.Item five A:Would you mind doing me a favor? B:Not at all.What can I do for you? B:I wonder if you could lend me your car tomorrow? A:Can I know what you use it for? B:Er....You know my elderly aunt is going to catch the early flight tomorrow.She has difficulty walking,and my cousin isn’t here.So I want to take her to the airport.A;I’m afraid that I can’t lend you my car.Some days ago ,my friend C used my car and have a minor traffic accident.B;I am very sorry to here that.By the way ,was he hurt? A:Thank goodness,he was in perfect condition(完好无损).But my car got scratched.And I just took my car from the Auto Service yesterday.What’worse ,I got the ticket and also had my licence endorsed with eight penalty points.B:That’s too bad.You really should be more careful with you car.A:why not choose buses or trains？

B：There are no buses or trains as it is an early flight.A: Let me see.Er...Maybe I can take you to the airport.B:Really？It’s so kind of you.Thanks so much.A:You are welcome.What’s the exact time？ B：6:30 am.A:ok.I get it.I will see you that time.Task 2 A：How do you think of the urban life? B:Asforme, life in the city is more convenient.More goods are available and stores are open later.Also, there is better public transportation so it is easier to get around.I can find almost anything I want easily in the city.Second, there are more ways to spend leisure time in the city.There are many places I can go to meet friends and have fun.A:yes,haha.you are right.Maybe you leave out something more important, the city offers more educational and career opportunities.The city often attracts the best teachers and the best companies.There is also a wider choice of jobs so it is easier to move up the career ladder.B:You are visionary.So for all of these reasons, I prefer to live in the city.Although I sometimes miss the fresh air and quiet life of a small town, nothing can make up for the opportunities that the city offers me.If one wants to be successful, I believe the best place to live is the city.A：Don’t label the fixture decisive too early.You konw ,there also have so many disadvantages in urban life ,some may really affect our life ,even our health.For example,the pollution problem in the city exit in every aspects,water ,air ,noise ,light...and so on.Urban life may means you will have a life surrounded by many invisible public health emergency.Item six A: hello, long time no see.How are you? B: fine.I want to go to Beijing on vacation.It is my first time to Beijing.So, I am a little worried about it.A:in fact.I come from Beijing.I can give you some advice B:really? It is so kind of you.A:Beijing is a historic city, the capital of China, which has the primitive temperament.There are many historical sites in Beijing.You can go to visit the Great Wall, the Palace Museum, the Summer Palace and so on

B:Well, that sounds good.You know that I am a gourmet, I cannot wait to know what are the

characteristic food in Beijing.Can you tell me something? A:Of course, in Beijing most famous foods include sugar-coated haws, Ai Wo Wo, Wandou Huang, Lvda Gun, enema, lib, Chaogan.B:These names sound very interesting.There are so many kinds of food.I'm sure I can satisfy the stomach.I have heard of ice-sugar gourd, it is a kind of very sweet food, right?

A:Yes, mainly,it is a good chance to enjoy the Beijing Oriental style of architecture and customs, and the royal culture.This would be a unique experience for the westerners.B:I deeply think so.I'm looking forward to this holiday.I'm sure I'll like the city A:But recently there are a lot of visitors, it will be more crowded.you need to pay attention to that.B:Ok, thank you for your advice, A:You're welcome.Good-bye B:goodbye

Task 2 A: did you hear of the discussion about abolishing the death penalty? B:Yes, I heard that.They all have their own opinions.A:Can you tell me something about your opinion ? B:Of course, in fact, as everyone in society, in essence, there is no difference.We have similar genes, the same nature A:Well B:The death penalty is a very horrible thing.Crime is sometimes be compelled helpless, some situations are worth to discuss.A:However, if one has broken the law and he doesn't get the corresponding punishment, this is not fair for the victim.B:Yes, I am very approve of your opinion.A:If there is no fairness, people will launch riots, leading to social instability, causing more crimes.B:but, society needs to protect every life.We don't want to see more people die.A:If the odious sinners were not sentenced to death, what do you think should do to punish the them?

B:Maybe life imprisonment can take the place of death, which is also a bad news for sinners.A:I don't think so.What the society need more is fair.If you murder someone, you should be condemned to death , which is a fair decision to victims' families.B:In many western countries, they have abolished the death penalty, which is their respect for life, we should learn as they are.A: indeed.I think this is really a dilemma.I finally know why there are so many different opinions.B:Yes, we have no right to decide, we should pay more attention to these things.Item seven A: Look, this is the photo about my last summer vacation to Beijing.very beautiful, isn’t it? B:of course,so beautiful.so many photos.Have you ever been to many places ?

A: Not so many.going to Beijing is my most impressive trip, so I took a lot of photos

B:really? Then can you tell me something about your experience in Beijing? I have never been

there.A: you know, Beijing is a historic city, the capital of China, which has the primitive temperament.There are many historical sites in Beijing.I went to visit the Great Wall, the Palace Museum, the Summer Palace and so on.It was a colorful trip.B:It sounds very charming.The food there is also very colorful, right? A: Yes, I eat a lot of special food there.B:I hope one day I can go there too.A: You will.How about your most impressive trip?

B:My favorite travel is going to Hong Kong.It is a modern city, with all kinds of modern architecture, modern style, there are a lot of fun place, such as Ocean Park, Disneyland, Disney, Wong Tai Sin, the Avenue of Stars

A: Oh, that's a good place.I hear it is very crowded.B:Yes, however, being in a tour group was quite good.There also has a lot of food.Although I

regret not to appreciate the night view of Hong Kong, after all,it was a good experience.A: Yes, perhaps.Through your introduction, I also want to go to Hong Kong and have some fun.B:May you have the opportunity in the future A:thank you.Task 2 A: Have you ever heard of this sentence “men are from Mars, women are from Venus” ? B:Yes, heard of it.But I don't fully agree with the content of this sentence A: Can you talk about your opinion

B:You know, martians value power, competence, efficience, and achievement.They are always doing things to prove themselves and develop their power and skills.They experience fulfilment primarily through success and accomplishment.They always handle problems on their own, seldom ask for someone’s aid.A: Yes, why don't you agree?

B:Because it is the general situation, I am not quite like that.Sometimes I will also pay attention to my appearance, the feeling with others, and so on.In some cases, I will also need someone’s help.In fact the man also will have some same place as the woman.Do you identify with “Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus” given of your sex ? A: Not completely.Venusians have different values.They attach more importance to love, communication, beauty, and relationships.They spend a lot of time supporting one another.They experience fulfilment through sharing and relating.Communication is their favourite thing.So, it also takes much time.B:Yes, in my eyes a woman really is like this.They are very talkative.A: But I have some different places, I also very pay attention to success, which lets me feel a sense of accomplishment.And in common situation I am also very rational not intuitive.I hate talking all the time , this is the most difference on me.One thing I want to mention is that we women all like shopping.B:Haha.We have the same point of view for this phrase.Anyhow , just keep it in mind : be you want to be A: do you want to do ,for the best yourself

Item eight A: Hi, long time no see.How are you?

B:fine, thank you.But there is one thing makes me very depressed A: What's the matter ? B:last Single Day, I took a fancy to a coat on the Internet.That dress looks good, and winter was coming, I wanted to buy a clothes for the winter.What’s more the price is low.Then I bought this dress.A: This is a good thing.You have another dress.B:When I got the dress, I found the color of the clothes had a deviation, which was not what I wanted.The dress felt not comfortable.Inside clothes there is a terrible smell.So I wanted to return it.A: how was it going on? B:the seller said it couldn't be returned because I opened the parcel.But according to the law it is to be able to return it.So I feel very disappointed.A: Cheer up, actually I don't think buying things on the Internet is a good choice.I prefer to buy something in the physical store.Last weekend I bought a scarf.It is very beautiful, and very warm and comfortable.B:Really? It should be very expensive, right? A: it is not expensive, only 50 yuan.firstly the boss wanted to charge me 100yuan.Through my bargaining, I finally bought it only with 50 yuan.Bargaining is actually a good skill.B:It sounds very interesting.I also think it is better buying something in the physical store, although it is troublesome.A: Yes, online shopping is convenient, but people are easy to be deceived.Task 2 A:Hi, you look very happy.Why? B:Oh, I just saw a joke.It is so funny.A:Isn't it? Can you tell me the joke?

B:Of course.The Teacher say: If I had seven oranges in one hand and eight oranges in the other, what I have order?

Student answer: Big hands.What do you think of this joke? It is very funny, isn't it?

A:just So-so.In fact, I don't think this joke is very funny.B:Why is it?

A:I don't know, probably because I don't think this thing is very humorous.This may be an eastern joke.B:I'm not sure, but I think it is good.A:well.Then I tell you a joke.Tom: Mom, can I have two pieces of cake, do?

Mom: Certainly--take this piece and cut it two.That’s all.B:Oh, a little interesting,just a little.A:This is our typical joke.Maybe in a different country and region, the joke is also different.B:Yes, our customs are different.And humor is from our daily life.The joke about other cultures is really hard to understand.A:I cannot agree with you more.It is just like you and me.B: yes, so afterwards, when telling jokes with foreign friends, we should pay attention to this matter.A:Actually some jokes in life is very good, which can maintain the physical and mental health B:and it can let us in a good mood, helping us learn more effectively

A:at the same time, to understand other cultures is very necessary.This will broaden our horizons.Well, thank you for your jokes, goodbye B:goodbye

第二篇：中南大学期末英语对话口语考试,大一下

Situation one A:Candy, have you found the umbrella doesn't work in Changsha? B:What's your point? A;You know , it's impossible to use such an umbrella to keep away from the downpour(倾盆大雨)in Changsha.B:Yes ,I agree with you ,and it seems never let up(停止).When you reach school through the rain,you get wet.A:To be honest, I really can't stand the climate in Changsha, it is so humid and hot in summer and too cold in winter.when rainy days,the clothes is always sticky,so there is a terrible smell on them.B:It is ture,I often miss the lovely sunshine,because I can hardly see the sun here.It's always cloudy and never clear up.A:I dislike the humid and cold rainy days,it make me unhappy and I often caught a cold because of that.B:You're really unlucky!I think you should put on more close to keep warm in winter,though they make you feel a little uncomfortable.Well,let's keep our fingers crossed that tomorrow will be a sunny day！

Situation two A:Oh,Candy,have you ever finished your work? B:Yes, I just got them done ,so,I'm free now~!Whant can I do for you? A:Well,what about dining out?I know there is a restrant just opened yesterday.B:It is lunch time

B:That sounds great!Are you ready to order? A:I want to try the chef's special recommendations —— Sichuan style crispy whole fish ,home-sryle bean curd(家常豆腐)and egg drop soup(蛋花汤).As for dink, Bud Light(百威)is fine to me, what'll you have to drink ,Candy? B:I'd like a glass of Orange juice.And A:Okay,and It's my treat!B:I think we should sharing the expenses,We are friends,so we are equal,and I can pay for my part.A:Come on ,it's my Birthday,so let me pay for it.Situation three B: Candy,you looks pale,what happened? A:It's my sister, she finds a boyfriend recently.....I'm really worring about her.B:How old is your sister? A:She's 16.B:Well,I think she 's not a little girl any more,and she owns the ability to cope it.A:But I think she should spends her times on her study.The boy might take her attention away!B: So ,as her elder sister,you should give her some advice,and tell her what ture love is and how to love.And you know,in fact ,sometimes,loves make people active.A:Yes,it's time for me to have a talk with her.Thank you!B:No worries,things will be better~-----------------------------Doctor ：Hello,miss.Sit down,please.你好，小姐。请坐。Mary：Hi，I am feeling terrible.你好，我感觉糟糕透了。Doctor：Oh，what's wrong with you?哦，你怎么了？ Mary：I think I have a sore throat.我想我得了咽喉炎。DoctorWhat cause the illness?什么导致了这个病? Mary：I didn't close the window before went to bed last night.我昨晚睡觉前没关窗 Doctor：Oh,I know.Open your mouth and say‘Ah’.哦，我知道了。张开你的嘴说‘啊’。Mary：Ah.啊。

Doctor：Please open your mouth wide so that I can look at your throat.请把你的嘴张大一些以便于我能看到你的喉咙。Mary：Ah.Is it serious?啊。严重吗？

Doctor：Hmm，I think it's nothing serious.Don't worry about it.嗯，我想没什么严重的。不要担心它。

Mary：But what should I do to get well?但是我需要怎样做去康复? Doctor：I will give you some medicine.Here，take these pills。Three pills a time and three times a day.我将会给你一些药。这里，吃这些药片。一次三片，一日三次。Mary：What else should I do?我还需要做些别的什么吗？

Doctor：You should have a good rest.And you must remember don't eat hot food and don't drink cold water.你要好好休息。你必须记住不要吃辣的食物和不要喝冷水。Mary：Ok,I will.好的，我会。

Doctor：I hope you will get well soon.我希望你快点好起来。Mary:Thank you.谢谢你。

Doctor：It's a pleasure.Bye.不用谢。再见。Mary：Bye-bye,doctor.再见，医生。Doctor：Next.下一个。Situation Four A:hey, Kitty look at the two mp4 on the computer screen,which one do you think better? B:I prefer the green one.Are you shopping on line? A:Yes,I have do this several times,and I love it.It's so convinient!B:But I think it's not a good way.Imagine that you pay for the goods,but when they post it to you,you found it is far from what you expected.You know the picture doesn't always tell trueth.A:But you can go to the shop to pick up things,then keep their style and grand in mind.When you come back home,you can use the Internet researching them and buy them from Internet.Usually,their price on Internet is much less than in shops.B:That's okay, however,you have to wait for long time before you got the things,the feeling is so terrible...A:Well,if you try several times , you'll be used to it.Situation five

A:I like your hair syle very much!...How nice of you to say so.B:Oh,Candy, what are you saying? A:Ur,well,I'm just practising my spoken English on line.B:oh,what a special way!So you can communicate with many excellent English speaker from many other places,don't you? A:Yes!And you can choose to practice alone too.So you needn't worry the problem that your partner get bored!B:So,can you recommends some useful web to me? A:Of course!

Situation six A:What can I do for you? B:I need a dress for my friend's birthday party.A:Okay,so what color do you prefer?the lovely pink or the serious black? B:Neither,I love white.A: Yeah,white always suits beautiful ladys~ladys look elegant in white,and it's fashionable this season.How about the one overthere? B:That's good.Well,I need a middle size.A:Oh, I'm afraid that there is only a small size ,but if you like,we can order one for you.B:How long does it take? A:About one week.B:What a pity, the party is at tomorrow evening.Thank you ,but I think I should choose some other dress.Situation six B:Hi!Joe,what are you thinking? You look quite exciting.A:Listen,I got a strange dream last night ,there was a beautiful girl in it ,and she tells me some numbers.I keep it in my mind and brought a lottery with the numbers I heared today.I think I will win a lot of money!B:So, you are considering how to spend the money ? A:Right, I can buy many new dress with it and never worries about the rest life.Should I make a trip aroud the world? B:no,no,no.I think you should put it in the bank for a rainy day.A:But I want a new life different from now!B:Well, you can devided the money into two parts ,and put one part of it into banks,and you can.use the other part to change your life!A:That's a useful advice,thank you Joe~

第三篇：大学口语考试

1)What will you do to get well prepared for an earthquake?

I will regularly check and reinforce my home, place heavy objects in low positions, attach cupboards and cabinets to walls, and fasten doors so that we will not open accidentally during an earthquake.I will have supplies of water and food at home and at work.I will also prepare some survival supplies including a radio receiver, a torch, extra batteries, a tent, some rope, and warm clothing.I will have a fire extinguisher handy.Plus, I will work out an earthquake emergency plan.Last, I will have all of my family members call to check in with a friend or relative who lives more than a hundred miles away 2)How do you see one’s academic performance at school in relation to their future achievement?

Personally, I think one’s academic performance at school doesn’t affect his future achievement too much.One’s academic performance at school does reflect his hard-working and leaning ability to some extent.But in the society, we need more abilities like management, ability to cooperate, creative thinking and so on.So one’s academic performance at school just reflects his potential to be successful, not determine his future achievement.3)Do you believe so-called “the tall, the handsome, and the rich”(高帅富)and “the white, the rich, and the beautiful”(白富美)are the universal pursuit of Mr.Right and Miss.Right for all young people? From my point of view, I don’t believe so-called “the tall, the handsome, and the rich”(高帅富)and “the white, the rich, and the beautiful”(白富美)are the universal pursuit of Mr.Right and Miss.Right for all young people.And as I know, many people around me don’t believe it as well.Regardless of “the tall,the handsome,and the rich”or “the white,the rich,and the beautiful”,those people are not common in our daily life and they have the same title “the rich”.So some people like them maybe just because they have lots of money.As the saying goes,beauty is in the eyes of the beholder.I think if someone fall in love with you sincerely ,he will love you no matter who you are.4)do you prefer as signments that need teamwork or that can be done individually?Why? Each of them has its own benefits as well as disadvantages.I prefer working alone on my assignments, because it provides me with privacy.To sum up, working individually helps me prepare for the future, to learn to make my own choices as well as to improve my methods of studying.I wouldn't need to rely on anyone else, but myself to get my work done.But i do understand the advantages of working in a group, and having the help of others, who can provide the team with new knowledge and ideas.5)Do you want to be a boss who is starting a company or an employee with a high salary? Actually, I want to be an employee with a high salary.It seems that the answer will reflect that I’m short-sighted and out of ambition.But actually I know it is more suitable for me.First, a boss needs the quality of management, ability to cooperate, creative thinking and so on, while I’m not equipped of them.Second, I want to have a long term development of my own major.Third, I think being a boss will be very busy, tired and worried all the time, and I’m bored of that.Last, I just want to make enough money instead of being a millionaire, so I don’t need to undertake such a large burden like a company

A: I just read an article about parent-child relationship, I am absorbed in it.B: Really.I am also interested in it.Let’s talk about this topic.A: OK!I think the relationship of parent and child is very complicated.There are many different parent-child relationships.B: I heard some relationships of parents and children are called “specialist and fool”.A: It sounds interesting.But I really don’t understand this kind of relationship.Can you tell me what it is in detail? B: Of course.When this relationship happens in a family, parents always tell children to do what they think is right.So, children cant help but accept their parents’ views.A: I don’t like this kind of parent-child relationship.I think if parents always tell children their own views, children may lose themselves and have no minds of their own.B: Of course.There’s another parent-child relationship called “a relationship between brothers”.Under this relationship, parents give children advice and respect them.If children don’t want to accept parents’ advice, parents never force them.A: I think this parent-child relationship is quite good.Under this relationship, children can feel happy.B: Yes.I hope more and more family can have this relationship.It can bring harmony to a family.A:I think communication conflict seems to be the biggest problem between children and parents.Do you think so? B:Yes.Parents worry about their children no matter how old they are.Children tend to strive for more independence as they age.These two competing feelings can cause conflict.A:If parents or children can realize the importance of communication and take some actions to improve it,they can have

’a better relationship.B:What do you think parents and children can do ? A: Regular and consistent communication, even about little things such as current events or even the weather can help parents and children practice communication and prevent communication conflicts.B Active listening, meaning responding to and absorbing what children have to say also can create a positive environment for family communication.A:Yes,you are right.I am very happy to talk with you.B:So am I.

第四篇：中南大学管理学考试资料

第一章第一节管理在组织与社会中的作用

一、在迅速变化的全球化经济环境中开展业务

二、适合自己的管理原则就是最好的原则

第二节管理的核心概念

一、管理与管理者

1、管理：为了有效地实现组织目标，对可利用的资源进行组织、指挥、控制、优化、创新等适应环境的动图过程。作业活动：直接达成目标的活动管理活动：促进作业活动

管理的职能：计划、组织、领导、控制管理学目的：寻找这些客观规律，总结管理的知识原理以指导管理实践

管理的科学性和艺术性：科学性：自管理学诞生以来近百年积累了一套比较完整的知识体系，反映了管理过程的客观规律；艺术性：管理学所需要的一系列根据实际情况行事的经验、诀窍和准则，对事态发展的感知能力和谋断能力等，都只能从长期实践中领悟，难以用言辞传授。

管理无效原因：完成任务方式不当：各部门缺乏明确目标、政策的的缺陷使手段途径目标化、操作层的计划缺陷、操作人员的技术技能训练计划欠缺。人力资源管理不当：业绩考核与薪酬制度不合理、管理人员晋升任免制度缺陷、中底层管理人员的培训计划缺陷、内部政治。提高管理工作成效：工作方法、组织管理、人力资源管理提高组织成效：服务顾客、适应环境、建设文化 第二章第一节早期管理实践与管理理论萌芽管理思想、企业终极目标是生存与发展，即长期的盈利能力

一、早期实践与管理思想：董仲舒“义利论”企业战略管理精髓

工程管理：威尼斯兵工厂成本控制、存货管理、人事管理国家管理：意大利马基雅维利《君主论》四原则

二、管理理论的萌芽（不系统）萨伊纽曼马歇尔生产要素：土地劳动资本

专业化和劳动分工思想：1.地域与国家之间的劳动分工（贸易自由化）2.组织间的劳动分工（形成产业链）3.职业上的分工（职业专业化）●动作研究和工时研究是计件工资制和激励工资制度的基础●劳资矛盾●泰勒的科学管理学理论诞生于钢铁公司

1.事业部制（大型企业沿用至今）组织机构按产品、客户、地域、流程划分不同战略业务单元，分别成立事业部

2.以流水线为基础的同步作业法 第二节科学管理理论

一、泰勒科学管理之父科学管理学派创立者推广者“搬运生铁块”“铁锹实验”《科学管理原理》

理论要点：1.制定合适的工作定额2.挑选合适的人并将他训练成“一流的工人”3.推行标准化管理（通过科学研究得到最佳工作程序与工作方式，并制定成标准强制执行）4.实行有差别的计件工资制（超额提高25%，未完成则低）5.教育劳资双方换位思考（雇主雇员战友关系）6.主张计划职能与执行职能分离（why）科学方法取代经验方法科学方法通过科学的动作研究和时间研究来确定

计划部门工作：时间和动作研究；制定合理工作定额和标准化操作方法，选用、设计适合各种工序的专用工具；拟定计划，发布命令；比较实际执行的情况和标准，进行有效的控制例外管理原则：管理者应把日常事务性工作交给下属，并授予相应权利，只有当例外事件发生时，才亲自到场

二、吉尔布雷斯夫妇砌砖《动作研究》甘特“甘特图”“计件奖励工资制”人不是完全经济人有安全需要《工业的领导》《工作组织》 第三节古典组织理论

古典管理理论：泰勒“科学管理理论”法约尔“一般管理理论”韦博“理想的行政组织理论”（后两者组成古典组织理论）

一、法约尔现代经营管理之父开创管理过程学派 1.管理职能的划分：技术的（生产制造加工）；商业的（采购销售交换）；财务的（资金的筹集运用控制）；安全的（财产和人身保护）；会计的（包括统计和核算）；管理的（计划组织指挥协调控制）大力倡导管理教育2.管理原则管理职能：全社会组织的手段和工具，只对人起作用 十四项管理原则：劳动分工（职能专业化权利分散有一定限度）；职权与职责；纪律；统一指挥（一个下属只接受一个上级的命令）；统一指导（一个领导人一向计划）；个人利益服从整体利益；个人报酬（首先取决于不收雇主意愿和个人才能，再看人员能力，最后看报酬方式）；集中（降低部下作用的重要性做法就是集中，反之分散）；等级系列；秩序；公平；人员稳定；首创精神；集体精神（一个原则：统一指挥两个危险：使自己下属人员分裂和滥用书面联系；漠视集体协作和信息沟通的重要性）报酬方式：按劳动日付款按工作任务付款计件付款如奖金分红实物补助精神奖励

二、韦博组织理论之父只有理性合法的权力才适于作为理想组织体系的基础高度结构化、正式的非人格化的行政组织体系

理想的行政组织体系特点：1.明确的分工2.自上而下的等级系统3.人员的选拔（通过正式考评教育训练）4.职业管理人员5.组织成员间及组织与外部环境间的理性关系（不受个人感情影响）6.行政管理人员不是所在组织的所有者

三、巴纳德第一个将组织特性与人类特性相结合沟通是实现协同的手段；诱因大于贡献论；权利来源于接受论 第四节古典管理理论的综合与完善 第五节行为科学

一、梅奥霍桑实验人际关系学说1.工人是社会人，不是经济人2.正式组织中存在非正式组织3.生产率不仅与生产方式有关，也与工人的态度有关4.新型的领导能力在于提高工人的满意度

二、马洛斯需求层次理论人的需求与行为的关系目前的主导需求（决定人的行为）取决于已得到了什么生理安全社交尊重自我实现需求

三、行为科学（人而不是任务）工业心理学的出现——管理的社会学的发展——霍桑实验的成功 第六节近现代管理理论发展 第三章环境与企业道德

第一节管理与外部环境环境对组织管理者有选择作用

内部环境：一般环境因素（间接）政治经济技术社会法律因素任务环境因素（直接）供应商顾客竞争者合作者政府管理部门压力集团 第二节对环境因素的管理

首先是评估复杂（简单）X稳定（动荡）类型管理：1.聘请专业顾问乃至建立职能型组织2.一体化专业化3.建立虚拟企业 第三节社会责任与企业伦理道德

社会责任：企业在追求经济利益时要同时考虑到它的活动对社会的影响和应承担的责任，超越了法律和经济所要求的义务公众期望；道德；预防胜于治理；企业战略；企业文化；为了股东利益

公司伦理：一个公司在诚实、公正、公平竞争环境中处理公共关系、履行社会责任、维护消费者权益等的行为准则功利主义权利公平社会契约整合理论准则：忠诚积极公正无私纪律（与激励政策配合）第四章计划与决策

第一节计划与决策辨析计划：一个包括环境分析、目标确定、方案选择的过程决策：这一过程的某一阶段 差别：决策包含了对策的意思，计划中有些是安排选择，有一些对策的意思，另一些只是预算 第二节决策

1.古典决策理论：在所有可能方案中，选择最优；建立一个自上而下的执行命令的组织体系；目的在于使组织获得最大经济利益（最优原则求最优解）缺点：完全理性人不存在决策者对风险偏好不一致；绝对意义最优解找不到

2.行为决策理论：管理就是决策；满意原则；有限理性人假设（求次优解）满意标准模糊，每人风险偏好不同，存在太多不确定性 3.当代决策理论：决策贯穿整个管理过程（哲学上继承行）；广泛运用数学系统论计算机等辅助因地制宜原则

3.决策逻辑过程：识别问题确定决策准则并确定各目标的权重预测对现实目标可能生产影响的未来事态拟定备选方案评估备选方案（狭义）选择目标方案实施目标方案监测和评估决策实施业绩并修正（狭义计划）

4.结构性问题——程序性决策按程序规则政策强调时间顺序通用性非结构性问题——非程序性决策唯一不可重复专用性 确定性决策风险性决策不确定性决策 第三节计划

1.作用：未来活动指导性文件；其他管理职能基础；降低达到组织目标的不确定性2.类型：按时间长中短；按计划内容涉及职能研发营销财务人力资源；按计划涉及范围和表现形式宗旨或使命愿景目标策略政策程序规则方案预算3.制定：识别机会确定方案评价标准并分配权重制定目标拟定计划的前提条件开发备选方案评选备选择方案拟定行动性计划（what when 达到的程度资源谁）编制预算 第四节预算计划的重要工作之一财政预算最重要弹性预算零基础预算 第五章目标与目标管理

目标提供决策计划方向高层目标时间跨度更长越抽象不能直接操作目标多样定量化2-5为宜企业目标包含组织发展目标和个人目标 目标期限决定因素：环境变化速度和幅度产品技术进步速度产品生命周期自信与所取得成就成正比，与设立目标成反比 目标体系包括财务目标和战略目标基本原则：建立一个更加强大的长期竞争地位，长期为股东带来利益生存是第一目标

目标管理制定：期望达到的质量和数量水平、可考核、具有一定挑战性、能促进个人与组织同步成长、与组织目标协调（应避免以活动代替目标，过分强调量化指标）优点：促进组织目标的实现；增强激励效果；促进组织明确结构；促进组织成员成熟缺点：强调短期目标；目标定量化困难；缺乏相关指导的目标管理可能导致途径目标化；环境影响 第八章 有形组织：有目标；内部关系理顺，投入资源有效的利用；分工协作；有不同层次的权利和制度

无形组织：实体组织的建立、改变或撤销然后再建立的过程，是指在不同的特定环境中为有效实现新的共同目标和任务，动态地确定组织成员、任务及各项活动之间的关系，对人力资源进行合理配置的过程（包括组织机构权利系统人力资源管理系统组织文化）组织吸引力取决于人的选择当时目标愿望推动力；个人认识到的在他以外的其他可供选择的机会 构成要素：协作意愿共同目标信息交流（无形）确立目标选配适合的人必要的物质资源（有形）

1.古典组织理论最具可操作性以经济人为假设围绕工作任务中心把组织当做封闭系统提高生产效率和获得更大利益重视工作任务物质资源、基层操作、人物质经济需求忽视对人的重视、高层发展战略管理、人的社会心理需求2.行为组织理论以人为中心强调人际关系信息沟通发挥人在组织中的主导作用没有否定古典3.现代组织理论组织是开放系统强调环境的动态性和组织必须对环境变化做出反应

组织的类型：1.按组织内部是否有正式分工关系：正式组织非 2.按性质：经济政府文化特殊利益宗教 3.按组织权威基础：强制型功利型规范型 组织作用：避免集合在一起的个体力量互相抵消，而寻求对个体力量进行汇聚和放大的效应

组织设计原则：1.劳动专业化原则有限度劳动分工 2.部门化原则产品顾客地理位置我职能流程部门化 3.管理跨度原则款跨度扁平化趋势 4.统一指挥原则指挥链 5.目标原则 6.适应创新原则 7.效率原则 8.管理层级原则 9.系统运作原则

组织设计程序：确定组织目标分解业务活动确定组织结构配备职务人员规定职责权限联合各个部门 组织结构

U型：1.纯直线型小型组织低度部门化宽跨度 2.职能型利：加强对各部门的业务监督和专业性指导弊：出现多头指挥，为部门利益损害公司利益 3.直线-职能型延缓信息传递速度打击积极性形式化

M型：多头化领导公司最上层一元矩阵型组织：加强任务过程的负责制一维是直线组织，一维是任务利：考虑多于一个的部门化因素弊：多头领导现象，需要特别能协调的管理者事业部型组织：集中政策、分散经营事业部拥有较大的自主权

H型：控股公司多头组织经济联合体

1.法人型企业联合（股权形式）称为合资或合营企业任何股东不能直接干预联合体的经营活动 2.合伙型联合经营根据出资比例或协定比例负无限连带责任 3.合同形式的联合（虚拟组织或动态联盟）临时性组织无法律约束 4.企业集团 第九章权力指挥和要求别人服从的权利

指挥链：决定权利、职责和联系的正式渠道由上而下的权力线（统一指挥原则和连续分级原则）

一、权力的原则：必须从上到下建立不中断的指挥链，且当情况需要的时候，有必要给以越过正式链的机会

二、权力有效性：1.有时间和空间限制 2.权力的本质：正式组织中信息交流的一种性质，组织的贡献者或成员支配自己所贡献的行为 3.权利与责任要对等

三、权力的类型：1.职位权力与个人权力（专长权力和个人影响权力）结合能更好发挥职权作用

2.直线权力、参谋权力与职能职权直线：上级监督、指挥和命令下级的职权（命令指挥权）参谋：顾问性服务性建议性的影响力（协助顾问权）分为个人参谋（助理）和专业参谋职能职权：有决策权的参谋

3.名义权力与实际权力

授权基本过程：任务委派授予职权明确下属的责任

影响授权因素：上司的态度下属的成熟度（心理工作）任务环境上下级关系 授权原则：因事设人，因能授权不可越级授权适当控制

集权与分权分权是在组织结构设计是就要考虑的，授权是在分权程度确定以后的职权分配的落实 影响集权分权度的因素：决策的重要性政策一致性的要求组织规模与业务多样性组织在地理上的分散度历史因素管理哲学获得高级管理人才的难易程度控制手段环境因素委员会责任制个人负责制

沟通基本因素：信息的发送者信息的接受者所沟通信息的内容沟通的渠道四阶段：信息发出传递接受反馈 正式沟通通过指挥链非是补充；口头沟通和书面沟通 第十五章激励

激励：运用各种手段刺激被管理者的需要，激发其动机，使其朝所希望的目标前进的过程三个要素：努力组织目标需要 激励在管理中的作用：1.在管理职能中：人力资源 2.在组织目标实现 3.激励对员工提高功效 激励的要素：动机（核心）需要（起点与基础）外部刺激（条件）行为（目的）

一、内容型激励理论（强调动机内容而非过程）：1.需要层次理论（马斯洛）2.双因素理论（赫茨伯格）保健因素：与工作客观情况有关的因素（工资福利工作条件聘任保障人际关系）激励因素：与工作有内在联系的因素（成就绩效认可奖励工作责任的加强对未来的期望）防止激励因素转化为保健因素3.egr理论（奥尔德弗）三种核心需要：生存相互关系成长发展4.成就动机理论（麦克利兰）成就需要权力需要亲和需要

二、过程型激励理论（研究动机的产生到采取行动）：1.期望理论弗鲁姆调动工作积极性条件：努力与绩效的联系绩效与奖赏的联系奖赏与满足个人需求的联系 2.公平理论亚当斯公开公平公正

三、行为改造型激励理论：1.凯利的归因理论将人的行为归因于行动者客观刺激物情境参照点：区别性（低内）一贯性（高内）一致性（低内）内部归因外部2.维纳的归因理论能力努力工作难度运气身心状况别人反应（稳定性可控性内外因）第三节激励的应用

对普通员工：金钱认可与赞赏带薪休假更多的自由、更好的工作环境个人发展、晋升机会和挑战性的工作参与管理 对管理者：授权晋升合理的报酬结构竞争机制 第十六章领导与领导理论

管理与领导区别：管理是建立在合法的，有报酬的强制性权力基础上的对下属命令的行为领导既可能建立在合法的，也可能更多的是建立在个人影响和专长权以及模范作用的基础上

领导：影响别人的思想与行为领导者：能影响别人并拥有管理职权的人功能：组织与监督计划的指定与执行授权激励沟通和创造和谐的组织氛围实质因素：领导者被领导者领导目标任务环境主要职能：指挥激励协调 管理者都是领导者，领导者未必是管理者

领导者类型：1.按制度权力的集中与分散程度：集权式领导者民主式领导者 2.按领导工作的侧重点不同：事务性领导者（生产技术服务机关行政后勤）变革型领导者（技术开发市场营销）战略型领导者（CEO 董事会高层）领袖魅力型领导

领导理论：

一、领导特质理论观点：领导能力是天生的缺点：不能解释领导者有时成功有时失败；领导特质难以界定

二、领导行为理论观点：领导效能与领导行为领导风格有关

三、领导的权变理论观点：有效的领导受情境影响

领导者心理素质：健全的性格稳定的情绪坚强的意志广泛的兴趣强烈的进取心 领导者的心理素质培养：调节气质塑造性格锻炼意志修炼世界观 第十七章控制工作概述 第一节控制工作

控制的涵义：1.组织的一项重要管理活动 2.是一个检验计划执行成效和计划正确性的过程 3.控制过程要有一套科学的程序 4.控制具有明确的目标 目标：1.维持现状 2.打破现状

功能：1.及时了解组织环境的变化 2.协调组织各部门和各层次的活动 3.协调组织成员的行为 4.提供修改计划的依据

控制的基本原理：1.反应计划要求原理：控制是实现计划的保障，目的是为了实现计划 2.控制关键点、注意例外原理 3.控制效率原理 4.直接控制原理 5.控制趋势原理：重要的是现状所预示的趋势

确立：确定控制范围大小;根据控制对象分类制定出具体的控制标准 方法：统计方法；经验估计法；工程方法 标准：时间成本费用数量质量

衡量绩效：确定衡量项目明确衡量方法（现场观测法个别询问法召开会议法书面报告法）及时反馈信息检验标准

纠正偏差：分析偏差信息，找出偏差发生原因（计划脱离实际实施中出现新问题指挥不善）确定纠偏对象采取纠偏措施 第三节控制的类型与方法

控制类型：1.按时间：事前（前馈控制实际问题发生之前就采取管理措施）事中（现场控制避免主观意志）事后（反馈控制）2.按性质：反馈控制（指导现在和未来财务报告分析标准成本分析）前馈控制（预测）3.按控制主体：直接间接

控制方法：1.预算控制：经营预算资产预算财务预算（不能预算不可计量外部环境变化）2.比率控制：财务变现能力资产管理负债盈利能力经营（绝对市场占有率相对）3.审计控制：外部内部管理（外部专家）4.盈亏分析法计划控制目标控制

第五篇：大学口语考试对话

一．（1）

圣诞节快到了，你打算在节日里做些什么？ 我还没有想好呢，你有什么建议吗？ 我打算买一个像房子那么大的圣诞树。

欧！那一定很壮观！我可以帮忙装饰你的圣诞树吗？ 当然可以。好的，我想

我们一定会过一个快乐的圣诞节的！对了，新年你打算做什么？

我想韩国首尔，在那里我可以尽情的购物。

哇，真棒！没有一个女人不喜欢购物。首尔是购物的天堂。哈哈，你是不是也想去？ 对，我要和你一起去，欢迎我不? 当然，我们会有一个愉快的旅游的。

Christmas is coming, what are you going to do in the holiday? I haven't thought good, do you have any Suggestions? I'm going to buy a Christmas tree as big as a house.Oh!It must be very spectacularl!Can I help you decorate your Christmas tree? Of course I can.Ok, I think We will have a happy Christmas!By the way, what are you going to do on New Year's day? I want to Seoul, South Korea, where I can enjoy shopping.Wow, that's great!None of the women don't like shopping.Seoul is a paradise for shopping.Ha ha, you also want to go? Yes, I want to go with you, welcome me? Of course, we'll have a pleasant travel.（2）

嗨，Alice，你知道奥黛丽赫本吗？ 她好像是一个电影明星，你崇拜她吗？ 对，她的气质非常优雅，她的微笑让人着迷。据说她是很多人的梦中情人，她是一个世界闻名的影星。

对，但这些都不是我崇拜她的原因。她是联合国儿童基金会特使，帮助了许许多多无家可归的儿童。她的善良才是我崇拜她的原因。

好的，我觉得我有必要深入了解一下这样一个优秀的女人。我决定今晚去看电影《罗马假日》。据说那是她主演的最棒的电影，她在电影里饰演了一位高贵又调皮的公主。

对，她的俏皮给我留下了深刻的印象。好的，我将有一次愉快的观影！

Hi, Alice, do you know that Audrey Hepburn? She seems to be a movie star, you admire her? Yes, she is very elegant temperament, her smile fascinates people.It is said that she is a lot of people dream lover, She is a famous film star in the world.Yes, but these are not the reason why I admire her.She is the United Nations children's fund envoy, has helped many homeless children.Her kindness is the reason why I adore her.Ok, I think it is necessary to deeply understand my such a good woman.I decided to go to the movies tonight “Roman holiday”.It is said that that was her best film, starring in the movie, she portrayed a noble and naughty princess.Yes, she is nifty and left a deep impression on me.Ok, I will have a pleasant viewing!I'm looking forward to.二．（1）

嗨，Jack，体育馆正在举行一场篮球比赛。要不要一起去观看比赛？ 太棒了！篮球是我最喜欢的运动了。快点！

篮球使人疯狂，我经常痴迷于打篮球以至于忘记了写作业。哈哈，我也一样。我有时还忘记了吃饭。

现在我天天打篮球，我的身体变得越来越健康了。

我觉得篮球改变了你。我记得你以前经常生病的。现在的你外向而健康。不止如此，打篮球需要合作，在练习的过程中，我与队友的友谊越来越深厚了。秋季也有了很大的进步。

哈哈，看来你对自己的球技很有自信，要不咱们找个时间比一比？ 不如我们现在就比赛吧。好的，我们球场见。

Hi, Jack, the gym is being held a basketball game.Do you want to go to watch the game? That's great!Basketball is my favorite sport.Hurry up!Basketball makes people crazy, I often obsessed with playing basketball that I forgot the homework.Haha, so do I.I sometimes forget to eat.Now I play basketball every day, my body is becoming more and more healthy.I think basketball changed you.I remember you used to get sick.Now you are outgoing and healthy.More than that, we need cooperation to play basketball, in the process of practice, my friendship with teammates more and more deep.Autumn also has made great progress.Ha ha, it seems that you are confident about their skills, or let's find a time to compare? Why don't we race right now.Ok, see our stadium.（2）

你好，刘老师。我很高兴在这里遇到您。你好，Alice。你是来图书馆学习吗？

对，您知道的，我的英语水平不太好。口语考试快要到了，我必须加紧练习英语。

我知道你的英语基础不太好。这学期上课你都在认真听，课后作业也完成的很好，我相信小小的口语考试难不倒你。但是老师，我将会紧张的。

别紧张，我不会为难你们的。重在态度。

我觉得您美丽而仁慈，你是我见过的最好的老师！

那当然。但是我是不会放水的。祝你考试成功，可爱的女孩。好吧，谢谢老师。嗯，认真准备，考场见。

A: hello, ms liu.I'm glad to meet you here.Hi, Alice.You come to the library to study? Yes, you know, my English is not very good.Oral exam is coming , I must to practice English.I know your English is not good.You are listening to in class this semester, the homework is done very well, I believe that a little speaking test elude you.But teacher, I will be nervous.Don't be nervous, I won't embarrass you.Attitude.I think your beauty and kindness, you are the best teacher I've ever seen!Of course.But I won't drain.I wish you success in the examination, lovely girl.Ok, thank you teacher.Well, careful preparation, see the examination room.三．（1）

莉莉，你怎么了，你看上去很疲惫。哦，我快疯了，数学作业实在太难了。不要直接做题目，你应该先把基础概念搞懂。

可是我已经没有时间了，我肯定不能完成了。哦，我最好的朋友，你一定完成了，能借我抄一下吗？

正是因为我是你最好的朋友，我才不能借给你抄。但是我可以教你。但是作业这么多………

没事的，你可以和老师解释一下。请求老师允许你下午交作业。老师不会怪你的。这样你就有足够的时间完成了。

好吧，你可以从最基础的开始教我吗？我最近一直在忙运动会的是，课业拉下了好多。

没问题，那我现在就开始教你吧！谢谢你了！

不客气。

Lily, what's wrong with you, you look very tired.Oh, it's driving me crazy, it's too hard for me maths homework.Don't directly do topic, you should first understand the basic concept.But I have no time, I'm sure I can't complete.Oh, my best friend, you must complete, can you lend me to copy it? Because I am your best friend, I can't lend you copy.But I can teach you.But work so much.........It's okay, you can with the teacher to explain.Requests the teacher allows you to hand in your homework in the afternoon.The teacher will not blame you.So you have enough time to finish.Ok, you can start from the most basic teach me? I have been busy doing games, schoolwork down a lot.No problem, I began to teach you now!Thank you!You're welcome.（2）

莉莉，你空闲时间喜欢做什么？

我所有空闲时间都用来打网球了。我爱网球！这周末也去打网球了吗？

对，我周六一整天都泡在网球场。我告诉过你吗？我是一个网球迷！

哈哈，那太好了，下个周末我们一起去打网球吧，我很擅长打网球的！看来你对你的球技很有自信。下周末我们比一比吧。

好啊，我最近学会了一种新的发球方法，我特别想让你见识一下它的厉害。没问题，我的球技也很好的。那到时候就网球场见吧！

好的。

Lily, what do you like to do in your free time? All my free time to play tennis.I love tennis!Also to play tennis this weekend? Yes, I all day in court on Saturday.I told you? I am a tennis fan!Ha ha, that's too good, let's go to play tennis next weekend, I am good at playing tennis!It seems that you are confident about your skills.Let's compare next weekend.Yes, I have recently learned a new service method, in particular, I want you to see it.No problem, my skill is also very good.That I'll see the tennis court!All right.四．（1）

莉莉，你要去哪？

我现在准备去见我的网友戴维。他是一个幽默而英俊的男孩。你是怎么认识他的？他邀请你去哪里见面？

我们三个月前在一个论坛里认识的。我们之间有许多共同话题，我们在一起聊得非常开心。他邀请我去参加他朋友的生日派对。

好吧，莉莉。作为你的朋友。我建议你不要去。因为网络上许多信息都是虚假的。你并没有真正了解戴维这个人。你不能保证他不是一个骗子。

别担心，我相信戴维不是骗子。我觉得他阳光而善良，是个讨人喜欢的男孩。欧，莉莉。你知道吗，最近报道的新闻中说，有骗子在网络上冒充阳光大男孩骗了女生好多钱。我真的非常担心你，听我的吧，别去了。那好吧，为了安全我还是不去了，谢谢你，安娜。不用谢。

Lily, where are you going? I'm going to see my net friend David.He is a humorous and handsome boy.How do you know him? He invited you to where to meet? We met in three months ago, in a BBS.There are a lot of common topic between us, we are together chat very happy.He invited me to go to his friend's birthday party.Ok, lily.As your friend.I advise you not to.Because a lot of information on the network is false.You don't really know David this person.You can't ensure that he is not a liar.Don't worry, I believe David is not a liar.I think sunshine and kind, he is a lovable boy.Oh, lily.You know, recently reported in the news, said a cheater as sunshine big boy lied to the girl on the Internet a lot of money.I'm really worried about you, listen to me, don't go.Well, then, in order to secure me or not, thank you, Anna.you are welcome（2）

莉莉，我发现你最近变了很多。哦，是吗?说说看我哪里变了。

我发现你的脾气变得温和了，以前你几乎天天都在生气，一点小事都能引起你的怒火。

其实，我确实在努力改变自己。我觉得太暴躁，做事情也不够耐心，对别人不够友善。所以最近我一直努力是自己保持良好的心态，莉莉，事实证明你的努力使你改变了自己。大家都很喜欢你甜蜜的微笑。你变得温和而友善。我喜欢这样的你。谢谢。

我也要改变自己，我要克服我懒惰的生活习惯，做一个勤奋的大学生。你会成功的。每天进步一点，时间一长就会有质的飞跃。改变重在积累。好的，我会记住你的话的。从明天起我就要开始行动了！嗯，加油！祝你成功！

Lily, I found that you recently changed a lot.Oh, really? Tell me where I changed.I found your temper became gentler, almost every day you angry before, little things can make you anger.Actually, I'm really trying to change yourself.I feel too violent, not enough patience in doing things, is not friendly to others.Recently I have been trying to is oneself so keep good state of mind, Lily, have proved your trying to make you change yourself.Everyone is like your sweet smile.You are warm and friendly.I like you.thank you I also want to change myself, I will overcome my lazy habits, do a diligent student.You will be successful.A bit of progress every day, over time there will be a qualitative leap.Change is gained by accumulation.Ok, I will remember your words.Starting from tomorrow I will start action!Well, come on!Wish you success!

1）Alice：What’s wrong , Fiona? You look really sad.怎么了,菲奥娜吗?你看起来很伤心。Fiona：A misunderstanding happened between I and my friends several days ago.我和我的朋友之间发生了误会几天前。Alice：Cheer up!things will work out for the best.高兴点儿！事情会有好结果的。

Fiona：I don't know how to get along with her, I feel our friendship is broken.我不知道如何和她相处了，我感觉我们的友谊破裂了。

Alice： Things are never as bad as they seem.You should take the initiative（主动的）to contact her, express your thoughts.事情往往不像看上去的那么糟。你应该主动和她联系，说出你内心的想法。Fiona：I know what I should do., I will go to call her in a minute.We need to dissolve the misunderstanding.Thank you, Alice 我明白了，我一会就去给她打电话。我们需要化解误会。谢谢你，爱丽丝Alice：Don't mention it, Friendship needs two people to run together.不用客气，友谊需要两个人共同来经营。

Fiona：Yes，Though time may change so many things, the happiness that frie ndship brings is never changed.是的，尽管岁月使万物变迁，但友谊带给我们的快乐永远不会变。

Alice：Well, we should understand others,because friendship is love with understanding.恩，我们应该理解别人，因为友谊是基于理解的爱。

Fiona：I'm confident I can manage well the two of us friendship 我有信心我可以经营好我们俩的友谊 Alice：Best wishes to you 祝福你

Fiona：Thank you very much 非常感谢

2）Alice：I miss you so much.Fiona。我想你了，费欧娜 Fiona：Me too, I am now in nanjing library.我也是，我现在在南京图书馆。

Alice：I am in xinjiekou, how can I find you? 我在新街口，我该怎么找到你呢？

Fiona：That's great, we are very close to the.We don't have to change back and forth.太棒了，我们距离非常近了。不需要来回的换车了。

Alice：I now in xinjiekou subway station, which direction should I take the subway ? 我现在在新街口地铁口了，我应该乘坐什么方向的地铁呢？ Fiona：You just need to sit in the direction of the jingtianlu station to station daxinggong.你只需要沿着经天路方向坐一站到大行宫。

Alice：Ok, I can just find out after you?And I also have never been to nanjing library, I want you to accompany me to look.好的，我出来之后就可以看到你了吗？而且我也没有去过南京图书馆，我想让你陪我好好看看。

Fiona： Yes, I'll wait for you in that, we will arrive at the nanjing library 2.3 minutes on foot, It looks tall majestic.是的，我会在那等你，我们走2.3 分钟就会到的，南京图书馆看起

来高大宏伟。

Alice：Oh，It looks so spectacular, I can't wait to visit inside.哦，它看来如此壮观，我迫不及待的想进去参观。Fiona：Let's go together, I think you will like it here 让我们一起进去吧，我想你会喜欢这里的。

1）Fiona：I am very unhappy, because others laugh at me is a fat woman.我非常不高兴，因为我被别人嘲笑成胖子。

Alice：Don't lose heart, my dear, I also used to be a fat woman, but I have made a plan to a reasonable diet, his body becomes slender, I can help you become big beauty.别灰心，亲爱的，我也曾经是个胖子，但是我制定了合理的饮食计划，是自己身材变得苗条了，我可以帮助你变身大美女。

Fiona：Is it true? I want to be a big beauty.If you can help me will surely thank you.真的吗？我想成为一个大美女。如果你可以帮助我，我肯定会

特别感谢你的。

Alice： First of all, you should reduce the number of your diet, you not to eat greasy things, such as junk food like hamburgers.首先，你应该减少你饮食的数量，你不要吃油腻的东西，比如说汉堡之

类的垃圾食品。

Fiona：Ok, I listen to you, I later don't eat those things.Everything to me useful things I would do to lose weight 好吧，我听你的，我以后不会吃那些东西了。一切对我减肥有用的事情我都会去做

Alice：You need to exercise more, burn fat, this need your unremitting efforts.你还要加强锻炼，消耗脂肪，这需要你坚持不懈的努力。Fiona： I will try to refuel.For a slim figure I have to take to complete these.我会努力加油的。为了一个苗条的身材一定要好好去完成这些。

Alice：You can also choose a few more comfortable way to lose weight, such as yoga.You can also eat more vegetables，and fruit to supplement energy.你还可以选择一些比较舒适的减肥方法，比如瑜伽。你也可以

多吃一些蔬菜和水果来补充能量。

Fiona：Thank you very much for your help, I will strictly carry out the plan.I want to be a beauty like you.非常感谢你的帮助，我会严格执行这个计划的。我想成为像

你一样的美女。

Alice：You can, believe in yourself.Come on!你一定可以的，相信你自己。加油！

2）Fiona：Hi Alice！Are you all right now？你怎么了，爱丽丝 Alice：Not really.My nose’s stuffed up and I’m having trouble breathing.I had a bad cold我鼻子塞了而且呼吸困难。我得了严重的感冒。

Fiona：You are too easy to get sick, it's summer, my dear 你太容易生病了，现在是夏天，亲爱的 Alice：Yes, I particularly weak resistance.I don't know how to strengthen it。

是的，我的抵抗能力特别弱。我不知道该怎么样加强它。Fiona：I often catch a cold when I'll go to eat some tablets, if serious you need to see a doctor.通常我感冒的时候我会先自己吃一些药片，如果很严重就需要去看

医生了。

Alice： I also eat some medicine, but if not, I should go to see a doctor.我也吃了一些药，但是好像没有用，我应该去看医生了。Fiona：You don't rely on doctors, to enhance immunity need to exercise and eat some vitamin pills.你不要依赖医生，想提高免疫力需要加强锻炼和吃一些维生素片。Alice：You need to health that do physical examination doctor regularly, so you can better improve their physical condition.你需要定期去健康医生那做身体检查，这样你可以更好地提高自己的身体状况。

Alice：Thank you for giving me so much advice.谢谢你给我提了这么多的建议。Fiona：you are welcome 不用客气

1）Alice：Hello，Fiona。You are from xinjiang。Are you used to the diet of nanjing?Do you have any dietary taboos? 你来自新疆，那你习惯南京的饮食吗？有没有什么饮食的禁

忌？

Fiona：Yes, I come from xinjiang, I believe in Muslim.So I do not eat pork.是的，我来自新疆，我信仰穆斯林。所以我不吃猪肉。Alice：Why don't you eat pork? 为什么不吃猪肉呢？

Fiona：Because pigs are our ancestors, and pork is not clean.What do you have that diet taboo? 因为猪是我们的祖先，而且猪肉是不洁净的。那你有你没有

什么饮食禁忌吗 ？

Alice：Yes, I can't eat seafood, because I'll allergies.有的，我不能吃海鲜，因为我会过敏。

Fiona：Seafood is delicious, you can't enjoy it is a pity that they are in.海鲜非常美味，你不能享用它们是在很可惜。

Alice：Yes, if we go to a restaurant to choose food range will be smaller.是的，如果我们一起去吃饭选择的食物范围会比较小吧。Fiona：I can only in halal restaurant.Would you like to go with Me? 我只可以在清真的饭店吃饭。你愿意和我一起去吗 ? Alice：No problem, we can go next time 没问题，下次我们可以一起去。Fiona

2）what is living in the dormitory or homestay.Alicewhat kind of life do you like the environment? Fionawant to rely on others.Alice dormitory, so I can make you more independent.Fionafamily to enjoy.I am very good food.：ok。：I want to go to America to study, but I don't know 我想去美国学习，但是我不知道是住在宿舍还是寄宿家庭。：Both have their own advantages and disadvantages, 两者有各自的优点和缺点，你喜欢什么样的生活环境呢？ ：I like quiet life, a very regular life, and don't 我喜欢安静的生活，非常规律的生活，不想依赖别人。：I think you are more suitable for living in the 我觉得你更适合住在宿舍，这样可以使你更独立。：But I can't cook, I can have food in the host Fiona 但是我不会做饭，在寄宿家庭我可以有美食享用。我非常

美食。

Alice：Oh, that's a problem.You may be learning to cook yourself.哦，这是个问题。你也许应该自己学习做饭。

Fiona：I'll study, I also prefer freedom, in the dormitory can I free myself from the time.我会学习的，我还比较喜欢自由，在宿舍我可以自由支配自

己的时间。

Alice：You have grown up, learn to adapt to the new life, wish you can have a good life in the new environment.你也已经长大了，要学会适应新的生活了，祝福你在新的环

境中可以好好生活。

Fiona：Thank you, I would not like a kid again.谢谢，我不会再像个小孩子一样了。