第一篇：定语从句学案
定语从句汇总讲解学案
◆英语谚语欣赏
1.He who knows nothing but pretends to know everything is indeed a good-for –nothing.不懂装懂，一事无成.2.It’s the first step that costs.千里之行，始于足下
3.He that makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the wolf.甘当小绵羊，迟早要喂狼.Ⅰ.概念：
(1)
定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。
(2)先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。
(3)引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词的作用：
1)引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词；
2)必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语）
常用的关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose、as、but(文语, 置于否定词之后=that/who„not„, “没有„„不„„”, 在从句中作主语，宾语)常用的关系副词（在从句中只作状语）: when、why、where
The student who answered the question was John.I know the reason why he was so angry.The boy(whom)you are talking to is my brother.I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.定语从句三步：
第一找出先行词；
第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；
第三选择合适的关系词。
Ⅱ几个关系代词的基本用法：
●that: 可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。(指人时，相当于who或 whom；指物时，相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句;不可置于介词后作宾语)
如：
1.A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read.(主语)
2.Do you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now?
3.You can take anything(that)you like.（宾语）
4.What is the question(that/which)they are talking about? 5.Here is the man(who/whom/that)you want to see.6.She's no longer the girl(that)she used to be before.（表语）
7.Our hometown is no longer the one(that)it used to be.= Our hometown is not the same as it used to be.= Our hometown is different from what it used to be。
= Our hometown is not what it used to be.●which:
指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语。如：
1.The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.（主语）
2.The book(which/that)I bought yesterday is very interesting.（宾语）
3.The factory in which his father works is far from here.4.He was proud, which his brother never was.（表语）
5.Tom spent four years in college, during which time he learned French.（定语）
6.He may be late, in which case we ought to wait for him.●who, whom, whose: who:
主格, 在从句中作主语，在口语或非正式用法中作宾语;只可指人 whom: 宾格，在从句中作宾语;只可指人 whose: 属格，在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物。
I like the students who/that work hard.（主语）
All who heard the story were amazed.(代词如he, they, any, those, all, one 等后多用who.)Chaplin, for whom life had once been very hard, was a success as an actor.（宾语）
He's a man from whom we should learn.= He's a man(whom/who/that)we should learn from.比较：
He is the student whom you think to be worthy of your praise.He is the student who you think is worth praising.A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.（指人）
I'd like a room whose window faces south.（指物）
=I'd like a room of which the window faces south.=I'd like a room the window of which faces south.There is a teapot shaped like a Chinese duck, out of whose mouth tea is supposed to come
关系代词作介词宾语:
关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时，介词可放于从句之首，也可放于从句之末.但以放于句首较为正式.（介词前置，必须注意不影响动词词组的含义。关系代词who 和 that 用作介词宾语时, 介词必须放在句末.）
This is the book for which you asked.=This is the book(that/which)you asked for.Do you know the person with whom I shook hands？
= Do you know the person(whom/who/that)I shook hands with? The beginning of agriculture was a big step in human progress with which nothing could compare until our information age.In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.Is this the factory to which you paid a visit last week? Is this factory the one to which you paid a visit last week? This is the girl whom they are looking after.(介词after与look构成固定词组，不可前置。look at, look for, look after, take care of等)
●as 的用法:(as 引导定语从句, 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语)
①如为限制性的，多用于the same „as;the same as；such „as „;as many/much as；so „as等结构中。如：
※I have the same book as you(have).我有一本和你的一样的书。
Her attitude to him was quite the same as it had always been.(关系代词as指示代词same连用, 在从句中用作表语, 先行词是same.)
※.---Why didn't you mention that in face of the police just now?---I thought it was such a minor detail as was hardly worth mentioning.We will only discuss such problems as have something to do with our own interests.Don't do such things as you are not sure about.There is no such place as you dream of in all this world.比较：
I live in the same house that he used to live in.I'm wearing the same shirt as you wore yesterday.比较：
Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.（定语从句）
Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.（结果状语从句）
②如为非限制性的，多单独引导一个定语从句，这种定语从句可置于句首，句中或句尾，译为“正如，这一点”。（动词常为know, see, expect, point out, etc.）
※As we all know, smoking is harmful to one's health.(as 作宾语)=As is known to all, smoking is harmful to one's health.（as 作主语）
=It's known to all that smoking is harmful to one's health.=Smoking is harmful to one's health , as we all know.（as 作宾语）=Smoking, as we all know, is harmful to one' health.※He was a foreigner, as I knew from his accent.(宾语, 先行词是前面整个句子)
Ⅲ.关系副词引导的定语从句:
●When 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。其先行词是表时间的名词（如： time, day, week, tear, month, etc.）
He came last night when I was out.We will put off the picnic until next week, when the weather would be better.注意：先行词为“时间名词”，可用when引导定语从句，when在定语从句中作状语；还可以用which或that 引导，which或that在从句中作主语或宾语。
比较: I still remember the day when /on which my brother joined the army.（作状语）
Next month, when you will be in your hometown, is just around the corner.I still remember the days which/that we spent together.（作宾语）
Next winter which/that you'll spend in Harbin, I'm sure, will be exciting.I shall never forget the day when Shen Zhou Ⅴ was launched, which has a great effect on my life.There are occasions when joking is not permissible.●Where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。其先行词是表示地点的名词，如：
place, school, factory, room, etc.This is the place where I was born.I live in the room where /in which he used to live.注意：先行词是“地点名词”，定语从句可用where引导，还可用which或that导which/that 在从句中作主语或宾语。
比较:
※This is the factory where /in which he worked last year.（作状语）
The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point where he can walk correctly and safely.I think you have got to the point where a change is needed, or you would fail.Government reports, legal papers and most business letters are the main situations where English is used.He's got himself into a dangerous situation where he's likely to lose control of the plane.The small mountain village where we spent our holiday last month lies in what /the place which is now part of Hubei.※This is the park which/that they visited last year.（作宾语）
Not having been there before, he simply had no idea about the place, which everyone says is worth visiting.●Why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。先行词为reason 时，可用for which指代；当关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时，则which或that 引导。
如：
The reason why / for which /(that)he didn't attend the meeting was that he was ill.I don't believe the reason(that/which)he gave me.（作宾语）
Have you asked him the reason that may explain his success?（作主语）
Ex.)He was late.That's because he got up late..He got up late.That's why he was late.(表语从句)
(the reason)why/for which he was late.(定语从句)当先行词为way时，定语从句常用that, in which,或how引导，that常可以省略。way后的定语从句的引导词不用时较多。但如果关系词在句中作主语或宾语时，则用which或that 引导。
如: This is the way(that)/in which I do such things.比较: Please do the experiment in the way（that/which）I have shown you.Ⅳ.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：
1.形式上，非限制性定语从句往往用逗号隔开。
2.语法上，非限制性定语从句一般不用that.3.语义上，限制性定语从句与先行词关系紧密，起限定作用，如果去掉了这个定语从句，整个句子就不完整或者会改变意思；而非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不是很紧密，对先行词起补充说明或描述的作用。
This is the book I like best.这就是我最喜欢的那本书。
Beijing, which has been China's capital for more than 800 years , is rich in cultural and historic relics.北京是中国八百年之久的古都，它有着丰富的文化和历史遗产。
4.翻译时，限制性定语从句可译为一句（较短的一般译为“的”字结构）；而非限制性定语从句可译为两句。（见上句翻译）
比较:
He has a sister, who is a musician.He has a sister who is a musician.引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词，指人时用who, whom, whose , 指物时用
which , whose;关系副词when，where, why, etc.1.He studied hard at school when he was young, which leads to his success in his later life.2.Tom's father, who arrived just now, is a famous scientist.3.They set up a separate state of their own, where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves.4.He was proud, which his brother never was.Ⅴ.几个易混淆的关系代词的比较:
●that & which: 在定语从句中，which 和that 在指代事物时，一般可以互换使用，但并非在任何情况下都是这样，这里介绍宜用that, 而不宜用which 的情况.①先行词为不定代词,all,much,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等, 1.We should do all that is useful to the people.2.There's nothing that can be said about it.3.Do you mean the one that was bought yesterday?
②先行词被
only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等词修饰时。
1.The only thing that we could do was to wait.2.That's the very word that is wrongly used.The last place(that)we visited was the chemical works.You can take any(=whichever)seat that is free.I hope the little that I can will be of some help to them.比较 *This is one of the best novels that were published last year.*This is the only one of the best novels that was published last year.③先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时。
1.When we talk about Wuxi, the first that comes into mind is Tai Lake.2.This is the third film that has been shown in our school this term.④先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。
1.This is the best that can be done now.2.The most important thing that should be done right now is how to stop him from going on.⑤先行词既有人又有物，用which和who都不适合，这时宜用that.如：
1.The writer and his novel that you have just talked about is really well known.2.The rider and his bike that had run over an old woman were held up by the police.⑥被修饰词为数词时
.1.Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water.Now you can see the two that are still alive.⑦如果有两个从句，其中一个关系代词已用which ,另一个关系代词宜用that，以避免语言的单调或重复。
Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.⑧疑问词是
who或which，关系代词宜用that，以避免重复。
1.Which is the book that you like best? 2.Who is the man that is standing at the gate?
⑨主句是There be 结构，修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词.如：
1.There is still a seat in the corner that is still free.⑩被修饰成分为表语时，或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时 , 该关系代词宜用
that.1.That's a good book that will help you a lot.2.My home village is no longer the place(that)it used to be.定语从句中宜用which而不宜用that 的情况 :
①当关系代词的前面有介词时
.1.A zoo is a park in which many kinds of animals are kept for exhibition.2.Is this the room in which Mr.White lives?
②在非限制性定语从句中.1.Crusoe's dog, which was are now very old, became ill and died.2.More and more people are beginning to learn English, which is becoming very popular in our country.(which指代主句)
③在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了 that, 另一个宜用which.1.Let me show you the novel，that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.2.At the station I bought some magazines that might help me to pass the time on the train and which I could pass on to others when I finished them.④当关系代词后面带有插入语时.1.Here's the English grammar which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.⑤先行词本身是that, 宜用which.What's that which she is looking at?
⑥先行词是those+复数名词.A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.(B)who & that: who 和 that 指代人时，有些情况宜用who, 而不宜用that
①先行词为
anyone, anybody, those, all, one, ones, they, he, people时.如：
1.The person I want to learn from is the one who studies hard and works well.2.Anyone who(=Whoever)failed to come to the meeting yesterday must give his reason.3.Those who are not fit for their work should leave office at once 4.I don't like the ones(= those)who talk big.5.Persons who are quarrelsome are despised.②在There be 结构中，修饰主语的定语从句宜用关系代词who 指代人.如：
1.There is a gentleman who wants to see you.2.There are several students in our class who are still not sure about the use of attributive clauses.③当先行词有较长的后置定语时.如：
1.I met a foreigner in the park yesterday afternoon who could speak Chinese very well.④一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是 that ,另一个则宜用who, 以免重复.如：
1.The student that was praised at yesterday's meeting is the monitor who is very modest and works very hard.●
as & which: as & which
引导非限制性定语从句的区别：
①位置的不同：
which 引导的定语从句只置于所限制的
句子后；as 位置较灵活，也就是说as
可置于所限制的句子前面；插在句子中或放在句子后。如：
1.He was late again, which made his teacher very angry.2.Jack, as you know, is an honest man.或
Jack is an honest man , as you know.或
As you know, Jack is an honest man.②先行词的不同：
as 引导非限制性定语从句时，其先行词多为一个句子；
which 引导非限制性定语从句时，其先行词可以是一个词，一个短语或一个句子。
※
He was proud, which his brother never was.（先行词是一个词）
She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was.He was proud, which I dislike very much.（先行词是一个句子）※
He is an honest man, as is known to all.He was a foreigner, as I know from his accent.③as 一般译为“正如”“就像”，“这一点” as we all know；
as you know;as is known to all;as you see;as we can see;as has been expected;as we have imagined.训练题汇总
◆ EX1.用定语从句完成下列句子。
1．This is the most beautiful forest _
__(我所见过的).2．Dou Po Tang(陡坡塘)Waterfall, ___(位于贵州省的), is 105 meters wide and 21 meters high.◆ EX2 用适当的关系词填空
.Have a try！!1.I will never forget the day __________ I first went to school.I will never forget the day
__________ we spent in Beijing.2.The house __________ we visited is being repaired now.The house ______ Luxun once lived is being repaired now.◆ Ex3 选择适当的代词填空，注意非限制性定语从句和单句的比较。
1.I am reading Harry Porter, _____is an interesting book.2.He failed in the exam._______ made his parents angry.3.He failed in the exam, _______made his parents angry.4.He has two sons.Both of ________ are teachers.5.He has two sons, both of ________ are teachers.◆ EX4 思考: 用五种方式（定语从句）翻译句子
这是他工作的工厂。
1.This is the factory
he works.2.This is the factory
he works.3.This is the factory
he works in.4.This is the factory
he works in.5.This is the factory
he works in.◆ EX5 思考:
介词+关系代词的情况
介词+关系代词的情况（1）
The man whom you spoke
was a scientist.The city
she lives in is far away.介词+关系代词的情况（2）
Are these two sentences right? The man who/whom you spoke to was a scientist.The city that/which she lives in is far away.介词+关系代词的情况（3）
Are these two sentences right? The man to who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city in that/which she lives is far away.结论：
介词+关系代词的情况(4)
下面两句中的介词能提前吗
? Is this the watch that you are looking for? The old man whom I am looking after is better.结论：
Sum up:介词+关系代词
介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句, 关键是判断介词的选择.方法一: 根据从句中动词与先行词习惯搭配
方法二: 根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系
注意：关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+ 关系代词”引出。此时关系代词只能用which 或 whom;不可用that 或who 代替。
◆ Ex6:
介词+关系代词的使用
1.Do you like the book
she spent $10?
2.Do you like the book
she paid $10? 3.Do you like the book
she learned a lot?
4.Do you like the book
she often talks? 5.He dug a hole
he could got water from the lake.6.There is a tall tree outside，stands our teacher.7.China has a lot of rivers, the second longest ___________is the Yellow River.8.The man ____________ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at swimming.9.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most __________ hadn’ t been cleaned for at least a year.◆
EX 7 Practice
A letter to Tom
我收到了你上周的来信.谢谢你寄的照片.我常常想起我们一起度过的时光.你还记得那个湖吗? 我们在那还照过一张相呢.和我们一起玩的那些朋友还好吗? 我昨晚做了梦，在梦里我们在上次去的那家电影院呢．另外, 我买到了你要的那本英语书.周末有时间我将把书寄给你．
Dear Tom, I have received the letter you posted last week.Thanks for the photos you sent.I often think of the time we spent together.Do you still remember the lake where we had a picture taken? How are the children who played with us? I had a dream in which / where we were staying in the cinema which/that we went to last time.Besides, I have bought the book(that/which)you need.On the weekend when I am free, I will post it to you.Best wishes
第二篇：初中英语定语从句学案
一、定语从句的概念
般放在________的后面。
二、定语从句的关系词
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫_______,定语从句一 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类
根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法
1.that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如: ___________________________________________.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作____)
The coat(that)I put on the desk is blue.________________________。(that作_____)
2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.____________。(作_____)__________________________________.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)
3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作__语,whom用作___语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如:
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England._______________________。(作__语)
Who is the teacher(whom)Li Ming is talking to?____________________________________?(作_语)
注意:(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who, that, which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如:
This is the house in which we lived last year.___________________________________。
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel._______________________________。
(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。例如:
This is the person whom you are looking for._______________________________________。
(3)that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如:
The city that she lives in is very far away.___________________________________。
(4)关系词只能用that的情况:
a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。
b.被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?
c.先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d.先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that, 而不用which.例如:
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:
Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
f.主句是there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which.例如:
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
(5)关系词只能用which,而不用that 的情况:
a.先行词为that, those时,用which, 而不用that.例如:
What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?
b.关系代词前有介词时,一般用which,而不用that.例如:
This is the room in which he lives.这是他居住的房间。
c.引导非限制性定语从句,用which, 而不用that.例如:
Tom came back, which made us happy.汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。
五、关系副词的用法
(1)when指时间,其先行词表示时间,在句中作时间状语。例如:
This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。
(2)where指地点,其先行词表示地点,在句中作地点状语。例如:
This is the place where he works.这是他工作的地点。
(3)why 指原因,其先行词是原因,起原因状语作用。例如:
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
I.单项填空。
1.-Do you know the man ______is talking with your father?
-Yes, he’s our headmaster.A.he B.who C.which D.whom
2.Is this the river _____I can swim?
A.which B.in which C.that D.the one
3.This is the best hotel in the city _____I know.A.where B.which C.that D.it
4.Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day?
A.that you bought B.you bought it C.that you bought it D.which you bought it
5.Anyone ______with what I said may put up you hands.A.which agrees B.who agree C.who agrees D.which agree
6.My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing.A.that B.it C.which D.who
7.The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate
A.who’s B.whose C.that of which.8.The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister.A.which;is B.whom;was C.who;is D.who;was
9.I love places ______the people are really friendly.A.that B.which C.where D.who
10.The world ______ is made up of matter.A.in that we live B.on which we live C.where we live in D.we live in
Ⅱ.用适当的关系代词that, which, who, whom填空。
1.The first thing ______you must do is to have a meal.2.April 1st is the day _____is called April Fool’s Day in the west.3.The family _____had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends.4.The house _____we live in is very old.5.Didn’t you see the man ______I talked with just now?
21.The famous scientist grew up________ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.A.when
B.whenever
C.where
D.wherever 22.The Parkers bought a new house but ________ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.they
B.it
C.one
D.which 23.Is this factory ______ you worked at?
A.the one
B.which
C.that
D.where
24.Is this the factory _______ you worked?
A.where
B.which
C.that
D.the one
25.---Does the teacher know everybody _______ planted the trees?
---Yes, he does.A.which
B.whose
C.where
D.who
26.The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very important.A.who
B.where
C.what
D.that
27.---Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday?
---He has gone back to Qinghua University.A.whom
B.who
C.whose
D.which
28.I hate people _______ talk much but do little.A.whose
B.whom
C.which
D.who
29.Do you know a boy ______ sister is a nurse in a hospital?
A.who
B.that
C.whom
D.whose
30.Is there a shop near here______ we can buy vegetables and fruits?
A.which
B.when
C.who
D.where 宾语从句练习：
在宾语从句中要注意三个要素，1连接词that, if(whether)和疑问词做连词。2语序，必须是陈述句的语序。3时态，主句是一般现在，从句可以是你所需要的任何时态；主句是过去时，从句也必须是相应的过去时态(一般过去，过去完成，过去进行，过去将来)，如果宾语从句是真理或永恒不变的事物，不改变时态。
（）1.Do you know _____ this time yesterday?
A.who are they waiting
B.who they are waiting for
C.who were they waiting D.who they were waiting for（）2.Could you tell us ____ ?
A.if your father does
B.what does your father do
C.your father does what D.what your father does（）3.Can you tell me what ______ next Sunday? A.will they do B.they would do C.would they do D.they will do（）4.She asked me if I knew ______.A.whose pen was it B.whose pen it was C.whose pen it is D.whose pen is it（）5.Excuse me, could you tell me ______ ?
A.when can I get to the station B.I can get to which station
C.which station I can get to
D.how I can get to the station（）6.Can you tell me where ______ ?.A.is the post office B.the post office is C.does the post office D.the post office does（）7.Do you know who ______ with at eight yesterday ?
A.he is talking B.was he talking C.he was talking D.is he talking（）8.They wondered if the teacher ______ us English the next term.A.would teach B.had taught C.will teach D.taught（）9.He told me that the sun ______ in the east.A.rises B.raises C.rose D.raised（）10.The boy asked ______ any noise from outside.A.whether had I heard
B.whether I had heard
C.whether have I heard D.whether I have heard（）11.This map will show you _______.A.where is the Summer Palace
B.where the Summer Palace is C.where is the Summer Palace like D.how the Summer Palace is like
（）12.My brother ________ to the ground while ________ his bicycle and hurt his leg.A.falls;is he riding B.fell;he was riding C.falls;he is riding D.felt;was he riding
第三篇：英语：定语从句教学案
定语从句教案
定语从句
I 概念
定语从句通常是指用来修饰或限制某一名词或代词的从句，其作用相当于形容词。1.先行词：被定语从句所修饰和限制的名词或代词称之为先行词。2.关系词：引导定语从句的词。
关系代词
that, which, who, whom, whose, as, but, than 关系词
关系副词 when, where, why 解题思路：找先行词，看先行词在定语从句中充当何种成分，然后确定用何种关系词。He still lives in the house ______is in the north of the city.He still lives in the house ______window faces to the south.He still lives in the house ____there is a piece of furniture.(先行词分别在定语从句中作主语、定语、地点状语。因此分别用which/that;whose;where.)I’ll never forget the days ______we spent together.I’ll never forget the days ______we stayed together.(先行词the days分别在定语从句中作宾语、时间状语。因此分别用which/that;in which/ when.)The reason ______he gave us was reasonable.The reason ______he didn’t attend the meeting was that he was ill.(先行词the reason分别在定语从句中作宾语、原因状语。因此分别用which/that;why.)This is the only way ______you can find.I didn’t like the way _____he spoke to his mother.(先行词分别在定语从句中作宾语、方式状语。因此分别用that或省略；in which/that或省略)那么该如何确定关系词呢？首先看在限制性定语从句中： 一 当先行词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语/宾补时：
主语
宾语
表语/宾补 人
who;that who;whom;that;/
that 物
which, that
which;that;/
that 人和物 that
that;/
that
1)The lady who/that came to our class is from Australia.2)I visited the country which/that had been bombed by the US-led NATO a month before.3)He is the person(who/whom/that)I met in the park yesterday.4)I’ll never forget the years(which/that)I spent with my cousin in Australia? 5)Watch the girl and her dog that are crossing the street.6)We liked the farmers and their farm(that)we visited yesterday.7)He is not the man that he used to be.8)Hong Kong isn’t the city that it used to be.9)I’m not the fool that you thought me.注意：
1.先行词指人，在定语从句中作主语时，一般用who或that都可以。但在下列情况下，通常用who，而不用that。
1)当先行词是people, those, one/ones, anyone/anybody等时
People who can see sometimes act just as foolishly.Those who were either fools or unfit for their offices could not see the cloth.
定语从句教案
Anyone/Anybody who breaks the rules is punished.One who doesn’t work hard will never be happy.2)He who„„用于谚语、格言中
He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man不到长城非好汉 He who plays with fire gets burnt.玩火者必自焚
He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.不犯错误的人一事无成 He laughs best who laughs last.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好.He who hesitates is lost.当断不断,必受其乱 3)在非限制性定语从句中
Charlie Chaplin, who died in 1977, is considered one of the greatest and funniest actors in the history of the cinema.4)在分隔定语从句中
A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German.教你们德语的老师明天来
5)一个句子带有两个定语从句，一个用who，另一个用that.The student who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that is very modest and studies very hard.在会上受到表扬的那个学生是班长，他谦虚好学 2.在下列情况下,通常用that,而不用who 1)先行词前面有the first, the last, the only或the same等所修饰时 She is the last man(that)I want to see.她是我最不愿意见到的人
She is the only person that understands me.She is the same teacher that was praised the other day.2)主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时
Who that has common sense will do such a thing? Which one of us that knows something about physics does not know this? 3.先行词是物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，一般用which或that都可以。但在下列情况下, 通常用that，而不用which.。
1).先行词被形容词最高级或者序数词所修饰时，通常用that This is the best article that has been written on the subject.This is the first composition(that)I have written in English.2).当先行词是all, any, anything, nothing, everything, much, little 等时，通常用that I have done all(that)you told me to.Is there anything(that)I can do for you? This book contains much/little that is useful.3).当先行词被all, any, the very, the only, the last 等修饰时，通常用that.All the books that have been selected are useful ones.Is there any question that troubles you much? Corn was not the only food that was taken to Europe.4).主句是which开头的特殊疑问句时，通常用that.Which of the books that you have read is the most instructive? 4.在下列情况下，通常用which，而不用that.1)介词的宾语
定语从句教案
He paid the boy 10 dollars for washing ten windows, most of which had not been cleaned for years.2)在非限制性定语从句中，代表前面的名词或整个句子
One of the Charlie Chaplin’s most famous films was “The Gold Rush”, which was made in 1925.Carol said the work would be done by October, which personally I doubt very much.The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect.5.当先行词在定语从句中作主语时，关系代词通常不能省略。但是，当定语从句是there be 结构时，可以省略
We must make full use of the time(that)there is left to us and do as much as I can for the people.我要充分利用我剩下的岁月尽量为人民多做些事 This is the fastest train(that)there is to Nanjing.这是到南京的最快的一班车
6.注意下列两种句式的定语从句： 1)It is(high/about)time(that)„过去式
2)It/This/That is/will be the first/second/third„time(that)„
从句的时态用现在完成时 It/This/That was the first/second/third„time(that)„
从句的时态用过去完成时 It is time we went to bed It is the first time that he has come to meet me at the station.It will be the second time that I have been there.It was the first time that he had passed the examination in English.7.注意避免出现以下几种情况：
1)The storybook(which/that)I have just read it cannot be easily forgotten.定语从句中不可使用与关系词意义相重复的词。应删除it，因为it与关系代词which/that在意义相重复。
2)Her two daughters who are studying in Beijing.缺少谓语动词，应去掉who，改为Her two daughters are studying in Beijing.3)Prices of daily goods are bought through a computer can be lower than store prices.两个谓语动词，缺少连接词。改为Prices of daily goods(which are)bought through a computer can be lower than store prices.4)Is this museum they visited last week? 缺少表语，加上the one 使句子成立。改为Is this museum the one they visited last week? /Is this the museum they visited last week? 5)We all like Harry because he is a man whom everybody thinks is pleasant to get along with.将whom改为who.everybody thinks是插入语。
He made another wonderful discovery, which I think is of great importance to science.二 当先行词在定语从句中作定语时： 指人 指物
broken 2)Do you know the man whose house(the house of whom/of whom the house)was burned down? 2.“介词+whose+宾语” 引导的定语从句。
whose of whom whose
of which 1)They study in a classroom whose windows(the windows of which/of which the windows)are
定语从句教案
1)The boss in whose department Mr.King worked called at the hospital.2)The engineer, from whose doctor we know all the truth, was put in a women’s room.3)The doctor, with whose help the sick child was saved, is very kind to her patients.3 在下列情况下，只能用of whom, of which.而不用whose引导定语从句。1).定语从句的主语是some, most, many, few, much, little等时.About 200 people, many of whom were Europeans, worked on the project.Those foreign engineers, most of whom have never been to China before, are enjoying their work here.They gave me much ink, little of which is red.2).定语从句的主语是all, none, both, neither, each等时
She has two sons, both of whom are PLA men.He gave us many books, none of which was interesting.3).定语从句的主语是数词时
In Barcelona the Chinese team got 16 gold medals, 12 of which/of which 12 were won by women.There are forty-five students in our class, two thirds of whom are girls.4).在定语从句中作表语的定语时
Look!There come a lot of students, of whom Lucy is one.The stories about the Long March, of which this is one example, are well written.三 当先行词在定语从句中作状语时： 状语 时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
方式状语 when where why in which;that;/ 1).My girl friend told me the day on which /when she was born.2)The bookstore in which/where his sister works is the largest one in Nanjing.3).The reason for which /why I’m writing to you is to tell you about a party on Saturday.4).I don’t like the way(in which / that)you speak to her.注意：
1.when/where=at/in/on which等 why=for which.2.原因状语其先行词通常是reason，方式状语其先行词通常是way 3.当先行词是situation, point, case, conditions等相当于under which, in which等。表示“在什么情况下，从„„中”。He has got himself into a dangerous situation where he has no control.The newly-married couple quarreled so much that they reached the point where they had to separate from each other.这对新婚夫妇吵架吵得这么凶，以至于到了不得不分手的地步 we had to face the conditions where pressure was heavy.我们必须面对压力很大的情况 四 as的用法: 1.引导限制性定语从句
当先行词被the same, such, so, as所修饰时，关系代词通常用as 1).You have the same opinion as I have.2).He’s such a funny sort of person as I don’t understand at all 3).Here is so heavy a stone as no one can remove.4).You will see as many children as come 你将见到所有到来的孩子们 比较：
定语从句教案
That is the same bike as I lost.那辆自行车和我丢失的一模一样(the same„as „泛指同一类)That is the same bike that I lost.那就是我丢失的那辆自行车(the same„that„特指同一个)2.引导非限制性定语从句
as引导非限制性定语从句，代表整个句子的概念，在句子中充当主语或者宾语。可以位于句首、句末或者句中。
As was usual with him, he went out for a walk after dinner.他又像往常一样，吃完晚饭后出去散步了
He was late for school, as is often the case.他上学迟到了，这一点对他来说是常有的事 The Beatles, as many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.你们这样年纪的人大多还记得披头士乐队吧，他们都是利物浦人 3.as和which的区别
as与which引导非限制性定语从句，代表整个句子的概念时,意思是“这一点”。常常可以通用。
This elephant is like a snake, as/which anybody can see.但是: 1).as引导非限制性定语从句，代表整个句子的概念，可以位于句首、句末或者句中。而which引导非限制性定语从句只能位于句末。
As is known to us everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.= The moon travels round the earth once every month, as is known to us everybody.= The moon, as is known to us everybody, travels round the earth once every month.2)as引导的非限制性定语从句，除了具有which的功能外，还多了一层含义：“正如„„所（期待/预料/想象/猜测/知道/„„）的那样”。Cyprus, as you know, is an island in the Mediterranean.He was punished, as I had expected.3)当从句和主句语义一致时，用as；反之用which.She has married again, as was expected.She has married again, which was unexpected.4)定语从句是主谓宾补结构或是否定句时，用which而不用as.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, which, of course, made the others unhappy.Betty always tells a lie, which her parents find strange.Mr.Smith usually praises his student Rose in public, which she doesn’t like at all.五 but的用法: but作关系代词引导定语从句时,用于否定词语之后,相当于who do/does not或that do/does not意思是 “无人/事物不„„”.There is no man but feels pity for starving children.= There is no man who does not feel pity for starving children 没有人不同情那些嗷嗷待哺的孩子
There is not one of us but wishes to help you.= There is not one of us that does not wish to help you.我们没有一个人不想帮助你 六 than的用法: than作为关系代词，引导的一个带有比较意义的定语从句。
其先行词是more或者more所修饰的词。在从句中做主语、宾语。
Yesterday he ate more than was good for him.昨天他吃的太多了，对健康没好处。
定语从句教案
You spent more money than was intended to be spent.你花的钱超出了原来的打算 II 非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句通常和主句之间用逗号隔开。主语 指人 who
指物 which 宾语 指人
指物 定语 状语 whom which
whose 时间状语 when where
地点状语
Einstein, who cared little for money, made great contributions to modern physics.The young musician, whom you often talk about, will go abroad for further study.The museum, which we visited last week, is newly built.His grandfather was born in 1937, when the Anti-Japanese War broke out.Galileo lived in the city of Pisa, where there is a leaning tower about 180 feet high.注意: 1.that;why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
先行词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时，不能省略。指人用whom，指物用which.。
2.限制性定语从句是主句不可缺少的一部分，不用逗号隔开，翻译成“ „„的”.而非限制性定语从句是对主句的补充说明，常用逗号隔开，翻译成两个简单句。比较：
Her brother who is a teacher is strict with her.她那位当老师的哥哥对她要求严格（不止一个哥哥）Her brother, who is a teacher, is strict with her.她哥哥是一位老师，对她要求严格（只有一个哥哥）
The journalists who reached Beijing yesterday have already started to work.昨天到达北京的那些记者们已经开始工作了（暗示还有更早到达或尚未到达的记者们）
The journalists, who reached Beijing yesterday, have already started to work.那些记者们已经开始工作了，他们是昨天到达北京的
3.当先行词是人名、地名等专有名词时，或当先行词是世界上独一无二的事物时，一般用非限制性定语从句。
Abraham Lincoln, who led the United States through these years, was shot on April 14,1865 at a theatre in Washington D.C.His father, who is a drug-taker, is very weak.I have been to Mount Everest, which is the highest mountain in the world.The earth, which we live on, is round.4.破折号后面和括号里面的定语从句看作是非限制性定语从句 The government----which promised to cut taxes----will be popular.这个政府将会得人心,它保证要减税
The house(for which he really paid too much money)stands in a large garden.那房子座落在一个大花园里,那房子他确实买贵了 III 介词+关系词
介词+whom(人)、which(物)
定语从句教案
1．这一结构用什么关系词取决于先行词的指代.指人用whom,指物用which..注意不能用who或that,也不能省略.用什么介词取决于定语从句中谓语动词结构及“介词+whom/which”在句中的作用.He is the man for whom my sister bought a gift.(先行词指人,用whom, 谓语动词是buy sth.for sb.这一习惯搭配.故用for whom)The two things of/about which Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.(先行词指物，用which.谓语动词是be sure of /about这一习惯搭配.故用of/about which)2.这一结构中的介词的位置比较灵活.但是“动词+介词”构成的短语动词一般不拆开.The person(who/whom/that)you should write to is Mr.Ball.=The person to whom you should write is Mr.Ball.Nearby were two canoes(which /that)they had come to the island in.=Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.The babies(who/whom/that)the nurses are looking after are very healthy.Is this the book(which/that)she was looking for? 3.where 和when有时用作关系代词相当于which point/place和which time用来充当定语从句中介词的宾语
His head soon appeared out of one of the second storey windows, from where he could see nothing but trees.He stood near the north window, from where she could see the whole garden.I met him ten years ago, since when I haven’t seen anything of him.4.介词+which+宾语
In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m., by which time many people have gone home.(by which time即by after 5:30 p.m.“到五点三十分以后”)Excitement deprived me of all power of utterance, in which case I would but stand there.Water boils at 100C,at which temperature it changes to gas Jane spent four years in college, during which time she studied medicine.Ten years of hard work changed her greatly, for which reason he could hardly recognized her at first sight.I called her by the wrong name, for which mistake I apologize.5.“短语介词+which”的结构.They arrived at a house, in front of which sat a small boy.Sound is a tool by means of which people communicate with each other.He was found disappointed at his failure, because of which he was criticized.四.分隔定语从句
一般说来，定语从句是紧跟在先行词后面作先行词的定语，但有时出于平衡句子结构或强调某个成份的需要而将定语从句与先行词分隔开来。这样的从句称为分隔定语从句。I was the only person in my office who was invited.(被状语分隔)Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace? But the Southern states wanted to set up a country of their own, where they would be free to keep black slaves.(被定语分隔)What have I said that makes you so angry? 我说了什么，把你气成这个样子？
定语从句教案
The days are gone when we used foreign oil.(被谓语分隔)The film brought the hours back to me when I was taken good care of in that far-away village.(被宾语分隔)But his enemies, the slave owners in the south and the bankers in big cities, who had grown rich on the work of slaves, could not let Lincoln continue his work.(被同位语分隔)五.定语从句中的主谓一致
(1).先行词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中谓语动词的单复数以及其形式取决于先行词。A biologist is a person who has a great knowledge of biology.I, who am your friend, will try my best to help you.(2)在„„one of„„who/that„„的结构中，先行词是of后面的复数名词，定语从句中的谓语动词用复数形式
在„„the(only/very)one of„„who/that„„的结构中，先行词是the(only/very)one,定语从句中的谓语动词用单数形式
He is one of the students in our class who were praised by the headmaster yesterday.他是我班昨天受到校长表扬的学生中的一个
He is the only one of the students in our class who was praised by the headmaster yesterday.他就是我班昨天唯一受到校长表扬的那个学生 六.定语从句和其他结构的区别 1.定语从句与分词
Who is the comrade that is standing by the door? =Who is the comrade standing by the door? They built a highway which leads into the mountains.=They built a highway leading into the mountains.They’re problems that have been left over by history.=They’re problems left over by history.2.定语从句与并列结构、独立主格结构
A team of 15 Indian experts are organizing a workforce of 400 Cambodians, most of whom are women.= A team of 15 Indian experts are organizing a workforce of 400 Cambodians, and most of them are women.=A team of 15 Indian experts are organizing a workforce of 400 Cambodians, most of them women.3.定语从句与强调句型
Was it the day on which /when you joined the army?
Was it on the day that you joined the army? 如果It is/was„的后面接的是名词词组，一般是定语从句。如果It is/was„的后面接的是副词、介词短语，一般是强调句型。4.定语从句与主语从句
Anyone who leaves(Those who leave)the room last ought to turn off the lights.=Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.As is known to us all, Charles Babbage invented the first computer.=It is known to us all that Charles Babbage invented the first computer.5.定语从句与宾语从句
1)由what-clause引导的宾语从句
His father’s second wife did all/everything(that)she could(do)to help him.=His father’s second wife did what she could(do)to help him.
定语从句教案
2)介词后面的宾语从句
Kennedy and Johnson, both of whom were murdered in their terms, once co-worked as president and vice-president It was a matter of who would take the position.He will shoot at whoever comes near him.6.定语从句与表语从句
What is worth remembering is the time when we came here =What is worth remembering is when we came here This is the place where we met last time =This is where we met last time Is that the reason why you are late? =Is that why you are late? This is the way(in which/that)the whole city is fed.=This is how the whole city is fed.7.定语从句与同位语从句的区别
We heard the news which/that had spread quickly.We heard the news that our team had won.引导定语从句的关系词，在定语从句中必须充当句子的成分。
引导同位语从句的that，在同位语从句只起连接作用，不充当句子的成分。that不能省略，也不能用which来代替。8.定语从句与结果状语从句
He is such a good teacher as we all love and respect =He is such a good teacher that we all love and respect him Here is so difficult a question as no one can answer = Here is so difficult a question that no one can answer it.解题时，看从句中是否缺少成分。缺少成分as，是定语从句；不缺少成分，用that，是结果状语从句。
9定语从句与地点状语从句
After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child.He found her calculator where she lost it.Bamboo grows best in places where it is warm and where it rains often.= Bamboo grows best where it is warm and where it rains often.解题时，看有没有表示地点的名词作先行词，在从句中充当成分。如果有，是定语从句；如果没有，是地点状语从句。10定语从句与插入语
1)The navy was planning an expedition to the South Pacific Ocean with the purpose of watching a very unusual event, that is the planet Venus passing between the earth and the sun in 1769.that is “即,也就是说”。起同位语从句的作用。不能用which is代替。2)He wears, what is common in his country, a red coat.= He, as is common in his country, wears a red coat.= He wears a red coat, which is common in his country.他穿一件红衣服，这在他的国家是常见的 Her condition is, what worries me, getting worse.= Her condition, as worries me, is getting worse.=Her condition is getting worse, which worries me.what is common in his country /what worries me在句中作插入成分，起评注性状语从句的作用
第四篇：教学案二：定语从句
教学目标：
1.让学生掌握定语从句的基本用法，懂得什么叫定语从句，什么叫先行词，什么叫关系代词和关系副词等几个基本概念。
2.让学生知道关系代词和关系副词的用法，包括在定语从句中充当什么成分，是否可以省略等，能在课本中找出定语从句，能完成基本的定语从句练习。教学重点：
1.如何判断定语从句中该使用关系代词还是关系副词？ 2.弄清只能用that的情况和不能用that的情况。教学难点：
1.whose后接名词如何与关系代词which ,whom相互转换。2.关系副词如何与介词+关系代词相互转换。
3..什么时候关系代词可以省略，什么时候不可以省略。4.关系代词as的用法。
定语从句
定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常
出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：__________, __________, __________, __________, __________, __________,等。
关系副词有：__________, __________, __________等。
1.关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当__________, __________, __________等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致；关系代词在定语从句中作__________时，可以省略。
1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作__________或__________。例如：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作__________）
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作__________）
2）whose 用来指人或物，（只作__________, 若指物，它还可以同__________ __________互换，即whose + n = ____________________或____________________；若指人，可以同__________ __________互换，即whose + n =____________________或____________________）。例如：
This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country.They rushed over to help the man __________ car(____________________)had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book __________ cover(____________________)is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作__________或__________等。例如：
The package（which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语）
2.关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或原因的名词，在从句中作状语。
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构，因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用。例如：
This novel, __________ I have read three times, is very touching.这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。
3）非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数
例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。
Liquid water changes to vapor, __________ is called evaporation.液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。
注意：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
4.介词+关系词
1）介词后面的关系词__________(能？不能？)省略，即介词+__________或者介词+__________。
The man __________ __________ I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.This is the house __________ __________ I used to live.注意：如果介词与动词构成的是固定搭配，介词不可以和动词拆开前置，例如：look for, look after, take care of 等。
This is the person whom you are looking for.2）that前不能有介词。
3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。例如：
This is the house in which I lived two years ago.这是我两年前住过的房子。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？
Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
5.as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句
由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中，当在句中时可以用as，也可以用which。例如：
__________ we all know, smoking is harmful to one's health.如我们所知，吸烟有害健康。
The sun heats the earth, __________ is very important to us.太阳使地球暖起来，这对我们人类很重要。He married her, __________ was natural.典型例题
1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.A.it
B.that
C.which
D.he
答案C.此为非限定性从句，不能用 that修饰，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。
2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.it
答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。
3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..A.that B.which
C.as
D.it
答案B.as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：
（1）as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。
（2）as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句
Who is the man __________is standing by the door? Which is the dictionary __________ you bought yesterday? g)
先行词在定语从句中充当表语时，只用that。The village is not the one __________ it was 30 years ago.The man is not the one __________ he used to be.7.几种复杂的定语从句
(1)
the way 后面的定语从句：
如果先行词是the way，定语从句的先行词可以用in which, that或不填。
Please tell me the way __________ you did the job.(2)
定语从句中加插入语：
关系代词与动词之间有时有一个插入语，有时用逗号隔开，有时没有逗号隔开。常用的插入语的动词有believe, suppose, guess, say 等。
This is the man __________I believe is honest.We feed the children __________ we think are hungry.(3)
分隔式定语从句：
定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词，中间由一个定语，状语或谓语隔开。例如：
There is an expression I his eyes __________ I can’t understand.The days are gone forever __________ the Chinese people were looked down upon..8.what/whatever;that/what;who/whoever
1）what = the thing which；whatever = anything。例如：
What you want has been sent here.你要的动词都送来了。
Whatever you want makes no difference to me.不管你要什么，跟我没什么关系。
2）who= the person that
whoever= anyone who。例如：
（错）Who breaks the law will be punished.（错）Whoever robbed the bank is not clear.（对）Whoever breaks the law will be punished.王子犯法，与庶民同罪。
（对）Who robbed the bank is not clear.谁抢了银行还不清楚。
3）that 和 what
当that引导定语从句时，通常用作关系代词，而引导名词性从句时，是个不充当任何成分的连接词。宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。what只能引导名词性从句，用作连接代词，作从句的具体成分，且不能省略。例如：
I think（that）you will like the stamps.我想你会喜欢这些邮票的。
What we need is more practice.我们需要的是更多的实践。
相关练习：
1.You’d better not drink water _____ has not been boiled.A.which A.who
A.who
A.which
B.whom B.which B.whom B.that
C.whose C.that
C.whose C./
23.The people ________ the soldiers have saved are still in danger.B.which B./
D.they
D.he 24.Do you know the name of the farmer __ discovered the tomb of Qin Shi Huang?
C.who
C./
25.A wide and busy road __________ was built like a bridge over another road fell onto the one below.B.which
D.where
实战训练: 1-5ACDDB 6-10DCBBA.11-5CDDAB 16-20DABCB 21-25DCACB
第五篇：定语从句复习学案（模版）
高职考定语从句复习
一．基础知识回顾，归纳关系词用法
指代人
_________, _________，__________ 指代事物
_________, _________ 所属关系
_________ 指地点
_________ 指时间
_________ 指原因
_________ 二．选填关系词
1.This is all ____ I know about the matter.A.that
B.what
C.who
D.whether 2.Is there anything else _____ you require?
A.which
B.that
C.who
D.what 3.He talked happily about the men and books_____ interested him greatly in the school.A.which
B.that
C.it
D.whom 4.There is no dictionary _____ you can find.A.that
B.which
C.where
D.in that 5.Is oxygen the only gas _____ helps fire burn?
A.it
B./
C.which
D.that 三．改错
1.Some of the boys whom I invited them didn’t come.2.Those who has finished may leave the classroom now.3.It is the funniest movie which I have ever seen.4.The house which he lives needs repairing.5.He is the only person who I want to meet.6.This is the mountain village where I visited last year.7.I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.四．用适当的关系词完成短文
She may be the most gorgeous(美丽动人的)First Lady_____ I have ever seen.She is a famous folk singer ______ fans are everywhere in the country.I still remember the day ______ I first saw her.She dressed very well, with taste and confidence, which is one of the reasons ______ I like her.五．用定语从句合并句子
(1)The scientist is very famous in the world.We met her yesterday._____________________________________________________________________(2)The dress is new.She is wearing it.___________________________________________________________________(3)Hangzhou is an attractive city.G20 will be held in Hangzhou in 2016.__________________________________________________________________(4)This is the best film.I have ever seen this film.___________________________________________________________________
回家作业：
1．给短文填上适合的关系词
Yao Ming, __1__ height is 2.26 metres, is the best basketball player __2__ I have ever seen.He is from Shanghai __3__ he grew up, and he has become a super sports star _4____ fans are everywhere in the world.I still remember the day __5__ I first watched his match for Houston Rockets.He plays very well, which is one of the reasons __6___ I like him.2．读下面的小短文，试着用定语从句改编
Our class is a big family.It consists of 29 girls and 16 boys.Most of them are mainly from Hangzhou.Wang Tong is a kind-hearted boy.He is always to help others.He is such a good boy that we all like him.
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