高中语法精品学案——定语从句

第一篇：高中语法精品学案——定语从句

2012版英语一轮语法专项精品学案：定语从句

whose 是一个表示所属关系的词，在定语从句中作定语，相当于my，his，her，its，their等修饰人或物。of which 可以代替whose 指物，词序一般是名词＋of which 或of which ＋名词。of whom 可以代替whose 指人，词序是名词＋of whom。

Many children，whose parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village.父母亲在大城市里打工的许多孩子在村庄里被照顾的非常好。

The newly-built cafe，the walls of which are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us，especially after hard work.这家新建的墙体被涂成浅绿色的咖啡厅对我们而言确实是个安静场所，尤其是在辛苦工作之后。1.Children who are not active or________diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.A．what

C．which

B．whose D．that 解析： 句意为：一些不是很活跃，或者他们的饮食中热量太高的孩子会很快长胖。本题考查定语从句。先行词为children，or 连接两个并列的定语从句，第一个定语从句的引导词为who，第二个引导词为考查点，先行词children在第二个定语从句中与从句中的主语diet形成所属关系：children’s diet，故选择B项。答案： B 2．The old temple________roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.A．where

C．its

B．which D．whose 解析： 句意为：那座在暴风雨中屋顶受损的古庙现在正在维修当中。本题考查定语从句的用法。此句先行词是the old temple，代入定语从句后为：The_old_temple’s roof was damaged in a storm.由此可知先行词在定语从句中作定语，故用关系代词whose 引导。答案： D 3．The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of________left their village homes for a better life in the city.A．whom

C．them

B．which D．those 解析： 句意为：近千人在这一小社区居住，他们当中很多都是从农村老家来城市寻求更好的日子的。本题考查定语从句。先行词为1,000 people，代入定语从句为many of 1,000 people left their village homes for a better life in the city，关系代词在从句中作介词of的宾语且指人，故用whom。

答案： A[来源:Z§xx§k.Com] 1．与定语从句中的动词构成搭配。

The man(who/whom/that)I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.＝The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.在会议中我与他谈话的那个人是从北京大学来的。

注意： 但是在下面一句中for 不可以提前，因为look for 是动词词组。

This is the person(who/whom/that)you are looking for.[来源:Zxxk.Com][来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K] 这就是你找的那个人。

2．与定语从句所修饰的先行词构成搭配。

He built a telescope，through which he could study the skies.他架起一架望远镜，通过它他可以研究天空。

In the dark street，there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的大街上没有一个人能为她提供帮助。

3．of＋which/whom表示所属关系。(表所属关系也可用whose)Recently I bought an ancient vase，the price of which(＝whose price)was very reasonable.最近我买了个古代的花瓶，它的价钱很合理。

1.(2011·龙岩检测)At 13，Samuel received a training course in drawing for three years，________he got a good opportunity for further development.A．after that

C．after it

B．after which D．after this 解析： 考查定语从句。after which he got a good opportunity for further development 是非限制性定语从句。答案： B 2．Wind power is an ancient source of energy ________ we may return in the near future.A．on which

C．to which

B．by which D．from which 解析： 句意为：风力是很古老的一种能源，不久的将来我们也许会再利用它。考查定语从句。return to重新利用，属于固定搭配。故排除含有介词on，by 和from 的A、B、D项。答案： C 3．(2011·东北三校一模)There are 51 students in Class Three，________failed in the test.A．all of which

B．all of them

C．none of whom

D．none of them 解析： 考查定语从句。后半句是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词students，应用whom引导。因为前后两句之间没有并列连词，所以B、D两项不正确。答案： C point，situation，case等，从表面上看它们不是表地点的，但却表示类似地点的意义，因此它们作先行词时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，那么这个引导词要用where；如果不作状语，则用关系代词that/which。It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves different.(where 作状语)把孩子放在一个能使他们从另外一个角度认识自己的环境中对他们有益。

Now there is just one point that/which I wish you make quite clear.(which/that 作宾语)现在只有一点我希望你弄清楚。

1.(2011·云南检测)—Do you have anything to say for yourselves? —Yes，there’s one point________we must insist on.A．why

C．how

B．where D．/ 解析： the point 作介词on的宾语，因此应选用关系代词或者省略。答案： D 2． I have reached a point in my life________I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A．which

C．how

B．where D．why 解析： 句意为：我已经到了应该自己作决定的那个人生阶段。where 引导定语从句修饰先行词point。答案： B 3． The doctor said that the treatment would continue until the patient reached the point________he could walk correctly and safely.A．where

C．which

B．when D．that 解析： point 为先行词，后面为定语从句，在定语从句中walk 为不及物动词，从句不缺少宾语，且表时间故用when引导。句意为：医生说，病人的治疗要持续到他能够安全稳当地行走为止。答案： B 1．as 与which 都可以代指主句中的一部分或整个句子的内容，有时可以互换。He married her，as(which)was natural.很自然地，他和她结婚了。

(2009·山东卷)Whenever I met her，which was fairly often，she greeted me with a sweet smile.不管我何时遇见她，她都用甜甜的微笑迎接我，这是常事儿。2．但在下列情况下一般只能用as。

(1)as引导的定语从句可以放在句首，而which 则不能。

As we know，more than seventy percent of the earth is covered with water.正如我们所知，地球表面的70%以上被水覆盖。

(2)as 表示“正如，正像”，而which 无此意。

此时，as从句中常有know，expect，happen，point out，plan，suggest 等单词或短语。He came back home late，as we expected.正如我们所料，他回家晚了。

(3)当先行词被the same，such 修饰时，定语从句需用as引导。I bought the same book as you have.我买了一本跟你一样的书。

I’ll give you such things as you may need.我将给你你需要的东西。

He’ll marry as pretty a girl as he can find.他将与他能发现的最漂亮的女孩结婚。

(4)但是当先行词被the same修饰时，that 也可引导定语从句，但意义有所不同。the same...as(指同样或同类的)，the same...that(指同一个)This is the same watch as I lost.这块表与我丢的那块一样。This is the same watch that I lost.这就是我丢的那块表。

1.(2011·山东潍坊质量抽样)Her books were all over the dining table，________meant we had to eat in the kitchen.A．which

C．that

B．what D．it 解析： 句意为：她的书摆满了餐桌，这就意味着我们必须在厨房吃饭了。which 引导的是非限制性定语从句，代替主句所表达的整个内容。

答案： A 2．(2011·浙江金华一中月考)Mrs Black took the police back to ________ place________she witnessed the robbery.A．the same；that

B．the same；as C．the same；where

D．as the same；is 解析： 句意为：Black 夫人把警察带到她目睹抢劫案的那个地方。可见在以the same place 为先行词的定语从句中，从句缺少的是地点状语，因此用where。A、B两项中的引导词that，as均为关系代词，要在从句中作主语或宾语，故错误。答案： C 3．(2011·银川实验中学第一次月考)________is mentioned above，the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.A．Which

C．That

B．As D．It 解析： as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在句首，which引导的定语从句不能放在主句的前面；that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。it 可以作形式主语，如果把句子中的逗号改为that，D项也正确。句意为：正像上文提到的那样，高中生的数量在增长。答案： B 4． After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，________turned out to be a wise decision.A．that

B．which D．where C．when

解析： 句意为：大学毕业之后，我休息了一段时间去旅游，结果证明这是一个明智的决定。本题考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知第二个逗号后是一非限制性定语从句，排除A项；定语从句缺主语，排除C、D两项，先行词是逗号前的整个句子，所以B为正确答案。答案： B 5．(2011·黄冈检测)Beijing was attacked by such a terrible sandstorm ________few residents had ever experienced before.A．as

B．which D．that C．and it was

解析： 考查定语从句。as在此处为关系代词，作experienced 的宾语。答案： A

6． In China，the number of cities is increasing ________development is recognized across the world.A．where

C．whose

B．which D．that 解析： 句意为：在中国，城市的数量在快速地增加，其发展被世界所公认。考查定语从句。先行词为cities，代入定语从句后为：The cities’ development is recognized across the world.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作定语，故用whose。答案： C 7． I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school________I met in the English speech contest last year.A．who

B．where D．which C．when

解析： 代入定语从句后为：I met several of the students in the English speech contest last year.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作宾语，先行词指人，故用who/whom/that引导，故答案为A。答案： A 8 That’s the new machine________parts are too small to be seen.A．that

B．which D．what C．whose

解析： 句意为：那台新机器的部件太小了，以至于都看不见。考查定语从句。先行词为the new machine，代入定语从句后为：the new machine’s parts are too small to be seen，可以看出the new machine 在定语从句中作定语，故用whose。答案： C 9． As a child，Jack studied in a village school，________is named after his grandfather.A．which

C．what

B．where D．that 解析： 句意为：小时候，杰克在一所乡村学校读书，那所学校是以他祖父的名字命名的。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是a village school，代入定语从句后为：The village school is named after his grandfather.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作主语，且该从句为非限制性定语从句，故用which引导。答案： A 10． The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister________she would stay for an hour.A．where

C．which

B．who[来源:学,科,网] D．what 解析： 句意为：这个女孩准备在培训中心和她姐姐一起上钢琴课。在那里她将待一小时。本题考查定语从句。先行词为the training centre，从句中缺少地点状语，故选where。答案： A 11． I refuse to accept the blame for something ________was someone else’s fault.A．who

B．that C．as

D．what 解析： 句意为：我拒绝接受因为别人的错误而遭受的责备。本题考查定语从句关系词的选择。先行词在从句中作主语，而且为不定代词something，关系词只能用that。答案： B 12． The house I grew up________has been taken down and replaced by an office building.A．in it

B．in D．in which C．in that

解析： 分析句子结构可知house后面有一个限制性定语从句，而且定语从句的引导词已经省略，那么该引导词一定在定语从句中作宾语，所以此空中要填介词in，且其后不能再有宾语。答案： B 13． Gun control is a subject________Americans have argued for a long time.A．of which

B．with which C．about which

D．into which 解析： 句意为：枪支的控制是在美国争论了很长时间的一个话题。此题考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。先行词为subject，带入定语从句后为：Americans have argued about the subject for a long time.由此可知，先行词在定语从句中作about的宾语，介词about提前，故用关系代词which。答案： C 14．A person________e­mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e­mails.A．who

B．whom C．whose

D．whoever 解析： 句意为：一个人的电子邮件账户满了，就不能收发任何邮件了。此题考查定语从句。先行词为a person，代入定语从句后为：whose e-mail account is full.由此可见，whose在定语从句中作定语，是形容词性的，修饰名词。who作主语；whom作宾语；whoever连接代词，“无论谁”，用来引导名词性从句或状语

从句。答案： C 15． She brought with her three friends，none of ________I had ever met before.A．them

B．who D．these C．whom

解析：

句意为：她带了3个朋友过来，没有一个是我曾经见过的。此题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是her three friends，代入定语从句后为：I had ever met none of her three friends.而介词后指人时用关系代词whom。

答案： C 关系代词that与which的用法区别

(1)关系代词指代物，而引导词只用which不用that的情况： ①关系代词指物，作介词宾语的时候：

This is the question about which they have had so much discussion in the past few weeks.这是他们在过去几周讨论了多次的问题。

②关系代词指前面的整个句子，引导非限制性定语从句时： He failed in the exam，which made his father angry.他考试不及格，这使他父亲很生气。

(2)that和which都指物时，在下列四种情况下只能用that而不能用which：

①当先行词是all，everything，something，nothing，anything，much，little，few等不定代词时。There was little that I could do for you.我不能为你做什么。That is all that I want to say.那就是我想要说的。②当先行词被序数词和形容词最高级修饰时。

The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。This is the best film that I have ever seen.这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。

③当先行词被the very，the only，the just等修饰时。

This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.[来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K] 这正是我要买的词典。

Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows.史密斯先生是他唯一认识的外国人。

④当人和物同时作先行词时。

Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? 你知道他们正在谈论的人和事吗？ ⑤当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。

Which is the bike that you lost？哪一辆是你丢失的自行车？ Who is the boy that won the gold medal？获金牌的小男孩是谁？ 介词＋关系代词

(1)介词＋关系代词中介词的宾语只能是which或whom。

The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.你昨天告诉我的那位绅士证实是小偷。In the dark street，there wasn’t single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的大街上没有一个人能为她提供帮助。

(2)当复合介词短语＋which引导定语从句时，这种定语从句常与先行词用逗号隔开，从句用倒装语序。He lived in a big house，in front of which stood a big tall tree.他住在一所大房子里，房前有一棵大树。(3)介词＋which/who＋不定式结构。The poor man has no house in which to live.那个可怜的人没有房子住。

(4)of＋which/whom表示所属关系。(表所属关系也可用whose)Recently I bought an ancient vase，the price of which(＝whose price)was very reasonable.最近我买了个古代的花瓶，它的价钱很合理。关系代词as引导的定语从句

关系代词as既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句，as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。

引导限制性定语从句常用于下列句式：

其中关系代词as在从句中担当主语、宾语或表语。We have found such materials as are used in their factory.我们已经找到了像他们工厂里用的那种材料。(as作主语)These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.(as作宾语)这些房子以人们期望的低价出售。He is not the same man as he was.他和过去不同了。(as作表语)

注意：(1)such...as...(定语从句)像…… 那样[来源:学科网ZXXK] such...that...(状语从句)如此……以至于…… This is such an easy question as I can answer.(定语从句)这是一个我能回答的简单问题。This is such an easy question that I can answer it.(状语从句)这是个简单的问题，我能回答。(2)the same...as...表示相似的东西 the same...that...表示同一人或物

This is the same knife as I lost.这把小刀和我丢的那把一样。This is the same knife that I lost.这把小刀就是我丢的那一把。关系代词as，which的区别

(1)as引导的非限制性定语从句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入主句中，而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句之后。相同的是两者都可替代主句的整个内容，而不是主句中的某一个词。The weather turned out to be very good，which was more than we could expect.(2)当非限制性定语从句放在主句前面时，只能用as。

As is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month.＝The moon travels round the earth once every month，as/which is known to everybody.＝It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.＝What is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month.后两句属名词性从句范畴。[来源:Z§xx§k.Com](3)as意为“正如……”，后面的谓语动词多是see，know，expect，say，mention，report，announce等；which意为“这一点”。

As is known to all，Edison invented the telephone.＝Edison invented the telephone，as is known to all.使用定语从句应注意的几个问题

(1)当先行词是way，意为“方式，方法”，在从句中作状语，则引导定语从句的关系词有以下三种： 我不喜欢他说话的方式。(2)注意区别先行词和引导词。①Is this＋名词＋the one ＋that从句 ②Is this the＋名词＋that从句

(3)当先行词是表示时间的名词时，应注意引导词在定语从句中的成分。

Do you still remember the days that/which we spent in Qingdao？你还记得我们一起在青岛度过的日子吗？ Do you still remember the days when we spent the summer holidays in Qingdao? 你还记得我们在青岛过暑假的日子吗？

(4)当先行词为case，point，position，situation等词且关系词在从句中作状语时，常用where引导定语从句。They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.他们已经到了必须彼此分手的地步。定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致

当引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中作主语时，那么定语从句中的谓语动词的数的形式应与先行词保持一致。

(1)one of＋复数名词＋关系代词＋复数动词

He is one of the students who pass the exam.(2)the only one of＋复数名词＋关系代词＋单数动词 He is the only one of the students who passes the exam.他是唯一通过考试的学生。

(3)其他情况

I，who am your teacher，will try my best to help you.我，你的老师，将尽力帮你。

Have you heard of the persons and things that are being talked about？你听说过正在被谈论的这些人和事吗？ 1． It’s helpful to put children in a situation________they can see themselves differently.A．that B．when D．where C．which

【解析】 句意为：把孩子放在一个能使他们从另外一个角度认识自己的环境中对他们有益。本题考查定语从句，先行词是situation，代入定语从句后为：They can see themselves differently in_the_situation.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作状语，故用关系副词；而when表“时间”，不合本题要求，只有where符合本题要求。【答案】 D 2． Whenever I met her，________was fairly often，she greeted me with a sweet smile.A．who B．which D．that C．when

【解析】 此处考查which引导非限制性定语从句。句意为：无论何时我遇见她，她都会一如既往地向我 微笑。【答案】 B 3． The house I grew up________has been taken down and replaced by an office building.A．in it B．in D．in which C．in that

【解析】 分析句子结构可知house后面有一个限制性定语从句，而且定语从句的引导词已经省略，那么该引导词一定在定语从句中作宾语，所以此空中要填介词in，且其后不能再有宾语。【答案】 B 4． Gun control is a subject________Americans have argued for a long time.A．of which B．with which C．about which

D．into which 【解析】 句意为：枪支的控制是在美国争论了很长时间的一个话题。此题考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。先行词为subject，带入定语从句后为：Americans have argued about the subject for a long time.由此可知，先行词在定语从句中作about的宾语，介词about提前，故用关系代词which。【答案】 C 5． A person________e­mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.A．who

C．whose

B．whom D．whoever 【解析】 句意为：一个人的电子邮件账户满了，就不能收发任何邮件了。此题考查定语从句。先行词为a person，代入定语从句后为：whose e-mail account is full.由此可见，whose在定语从句中作定语，是形容词性的，修饰名词。who作主语；whom作宾语；whoever连接代词，“无论谁”，用来引导名词性从句或状语从句。【答案】 C 6． She brought with her three friends，none of________I had ever met before.A．them B．who D．these C．whom

【解析】

句意为：她带了3个朋友过来，没有一个是我曾经见过的。此题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是her three friends，代入定语从句后为：I had ever met none of her three friends.而介词后指人时用关系代词whom。

【答案】 C

7． My friend showed me round the town，________was very kind of him.A．which

C．where

B．that D．it 【解析】 句意为：我的朋友真不错，他带我绕城转了一圈。本题was缺少主语，排除where；it不能引导定语从句，排除it；that不引导非限制性定语从句，排除that。[来源:学科网] 【答案】 A 8．I have reached a point in my life________I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A．which

C．how

B．where D．why 【解析】

句意为：我已经到了应该自己作决定的那个人生阶段。where引导定语从句修饰先行词point。【答案】 B 9． They’ve won their last three matches，________I find a bit surprising actually.A．that

C．what B．when

D．which 【解析】 句意为：他们已经赢得了最后三场比赛，我发现这确实有点令人惊讶。考查定语从句。先行词是前面整个句子，which引导非限制性定语从句，并在定语从句中作find的宾语。【答案】 D 10．Because of the financial crisis，days are gone________local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.A．if B．when D．since C．which

【解析】 句意为：由于经济危机，在当地五星级酒店住一个晚上就要6 000元的日子一去不复返了。when local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night作days的定语，关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语。【答案】 B 11． Many youth went to the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum on Nov.16,2009，________US President Barack Obama delivered a speech during his four-day state visit.A．which

C．where

B．in that D．that 【解析】 考查定语从句的用法。where引导的定语从句修饰先行词the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum。【答案】 C

12． “You’ll have to wait for two hours，________is，about 11∶30，________the medical report will come out，” the doctor said to me.A．that；when

C．that；before B．which；that D．which；when 【解析】 考查插入语和定语从句的用法。that is是插入语，意思是“也就是”；when引导的是定语从句，修饰前面的时间11∶30。【答案】 A 13．I don’t like the way________he often uses to speak to me.A．in which

C．which

B．how D．what[来源:Z*xx*k.Com] 【解析】 考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，修饰先行词way，而且which在从句中作uses的宾语。【答案】 C 14． John，________money is no problem，still leads a simple life.A．for whose

C．of whom B．of whose D．for whom 【解析】 考查定语从句。可以把定语从句部分变化成“Money is no problem for John”，这样便不难看出用介词for＋关系代词whom(指代John)来引导定语从句。【答案】 D 15．Nowadays，when people talk about magicians，the first one________comes into their mind is Liu Qian.A．whom C．that

B．which D．what 【解析】 考查定语从句。根据语境可知，空缺处应填一个关系代词且该关系代词在定语从句中充当主语且指人，先行词前有the first修饰，所以选that。【答案】 C 16． He didn’t put the things________they belonged，for________he got his punishment.A．which；that C．that；whose B．what；this D．where；which 【解析】 考查复合句。从句子结构看前半句中的从句是状语从句表示放东西的地方，因此使用where引导；后半句是非限制性定语从句，使用which指代前面整个句子的意思，这是which的典型用法。【答案】 D

17． All the neighbors admire this family，________the children and parents build up a friendly relationship.[来源:学_科_网] A．why B．where D．that C．which

【解析】 考查定语从句。句意为：所有的邻居都羡慕这个家庭，在这个家庭里父母和子女建立了和谐的关系。where在此处相当于in which，引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为this family。【答案】 B 18．Young people who have got jobs may realize university lessons can’t be the only preparation for all of the situations________appear in the working world.A．where C．that

B．when D．what 【解析】 本题考查定语从句。句意为：找到工作的年轻人也许会意识到大学的功课不足以应对工作中的所有情况。先行词是the situation，代入定语从句后为：The situations appear in the working world。【答案】 C 19． This term the students in our province are studying a new course called Life Guidance，________covers possible real life issues.A．whose

C．that

B．which D．what 【解析】 考查定语从句。which在句中引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Life Guidance。cover覆盖，涉及。【答案】 B 10． All________is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.A．what is needed B．for our needs C．the thing needed

D．that is needed 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意为：现在所需要的是基本生活必需品的不断的供应。在该句中，主语部分含有一个定语从句，先行词是all，在主句中作主语，因此要用关系代词that。all that is needed＝what is needed。【答案】 D 11．As to the unemployment，the government has taken a series of measures in many areas，________，I am sure，will benefit the people out of work.A．which

C．what B．that D．where 【解析】 考查非限制性定语从句。which引导的从句修饰前面整个句子，I am sure为插入语。【答案】 A 12． The days are gone________we studied together at college，but I can still remember your lovely voice.A．which C．that

B．in which D．when 【解析】 考查定语从句。when引导定语从句，修饰先行词the days，在定语从句中充当状语。【答案】 D

13．________is often the case with elder people，my grandma talked about my new hairstyle for at least 50 minutes nonstop.A．That C．As B．Which D．It 【解析】 考查定语从句。as此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面的内容。as意为“正如”。【答案】 C 14． Safety in school has been of great concern because of frequent reports about accidents________students got injured or killed while in school.A．in which

B．for which C．which

D．when 【解析】 该题考查从句。该句中的which是引导词，引导定语从句修饰先行词accidents。句意为“由于学生在学校受伤或死亡的不断报道，学校安全成为一个重要问题”。【答案】 A 15．Everyone has periods in their lives________everything seems very hard.A．when

C．which

B．where D．that 【解析】 考查定语从句。关系副词when指代先行词periods，且在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于during which。【答案】 A

16．(2011·天津十校联考)Patience，without________you can’t do the work well，is a kind of quality.A．that

B．it

C．which

D．what 解析： 句意为：耐心是一种品质。没有了耐心，你不能做好工作。此处考查了定语从句中“介词＋which”的情况，which指代的是先行词patience。

答案： C 17． The owner wanted to charge $5,000 for his car，________I managed to lower to $3,500.A．since

C．which

B．what D．that 解析： 关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中充当lower 的宾语，而that不能引导非限性定语从句。

答案： C 18．(2011·安徽合肥第一次质检)I still can’t believe my eyes when I remember the scene________the best player should miss the pass.A．that

C．where

B．which D．how 解析： where 引导定语从句修饰先行词scene，where在从句中作状语。句意为：当我记起当时那个最好的选手没有过关时，我简直不敢相信我的眼睛。

答案： C 19．(2011·北京东城期末目标检测)________was reported in the paper，people in mainland China sent disaster relief materials to help the flooded area in Taiwan Island.A．It

C．As

B．That D．What 解析： 选择定语从句的引导词的关键是：在主句中找出先行词。该句中定语从句的先行词是后面的整个句子people in mainland China sent disaster relief materials to help the flooded area in Taiwan Island.答案： C 20．(2011·青岛联合模拟)China’s new food law provides for a food recall system ________producers have to stop production if their food isn’t up to standards.A．where

C．when

B．that D．which 解析： 考查定语从句。句意为：中国新的食品法规定了食品召回制度，即如果食品达不到标准，生产者就必须停止生产。先行词为a food recall system，定语从句为producers have to stop production if their food isn’t up to standards(in the food recall system)，故选A。

答案： A 21． Our teacher urges us to form a good habit of learning，________we think will benefit us in the long term.A．what

B．that

C．which

D．who 解析： 本题考查定语从句。本题属于非限制性定语从句，从句意可知关系代词指代a good habit of learning，在从句中作主语，因此选择which。

答案： C 22．(2011·福建龙岩检测)Remember that there is still one point________we must make clear at the conference tomorrow.A．where

C．when

B．why D．that 解析： 考查定语从句。解定语从句题的关键是：在主句中找出先行词，该句的先行词是one point，然后把先行词“代入”从句中，判断其在从句中的“地位”和“作用”，这里先行词在从句中作make clear的宾语，所以用关系代词that/which引导定语从句并在从句中作宾语，据此选D项。

答案： D 23．She’s in a hopeless situation，________we will keep a very close eye on.A．where

C．which

B．when D．that 解析： 考查定语从句。定语从句的解题关键是：在主句中找出先行词，该句的先行词是a hopeless situation，然后把先行词“代入”从句中，判断其在从句中的“地位”和“作用”，此处关系词在从句中作on的宾语，同时这里又是非限制性定语从句，所以应该用关系代词which，选C项。

答案： C 24．I admire my English teacher.I can remember very few occasions ________she stopped working because of ill health.A．that

C．where

B．when D．which 解析： 考查定语从句。根据语意“我记得她很少因生病而停止工作”可知，定语从句引导词在从句中作状语，故用when。

答案： B 25．(2011·海南五校联考)The moment________John will never forget is________Mr Smith gave him a lot of valuable advice on how to improve his writing.A．that；that

C．when；that

B．that；when D．when；when 解析： 考查从句引导词。第一空用that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词The moment；第二空用when引导表语从句，并在从句中作时间状语，故答案为B。

答案： B 26．(2010·福建四地六校第三次联考)I don’t like the way________he often uses to speak to me.A．in which

B．how

C．which

D．what 解析： 考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，修饰先行词way，而且which在从句中作uses的宾语。答案： C 27． John，________money is no problem，still leads a simple life.A．for whose

C．of whom

B．of whose D．for whom 解析： 考查定语从句。可以把定语从句部分变化成“Money is no problem for John”，这样便不难看出用介词for＋关系代词whom(指代John)来引导定语从句。

答案： D 28．(2010·苏州模拟)He didn’t put the things________they belonged，for________he got his punishment.A．which；that

C．that；whose

B．what；this D．where；which 解析： 考查复合句。从句子结构看前半句中的从句是状语从句表示放东西的地方，因此使用where引导；后半句是非限制性定语从句，使用which指代前面整个句子的意思，这是which的典型用法。

答案： D 29．(2010·浙江嘉兴二模)All the neighbors admire this family，________the children and parents build up a friendly relationship.A．why

C．which

B．where D．that 解析： 考查定语从句。句意为：所有的邻居都羡慕这个家庭，在这个家庭里父母和子女建立了和谐的关系。where在此处相当于in which，引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为this family。

答案： B 30．(2010·日照二模)As to the unemployment，the government has taken a series of measures in many areas，________，I am sure，will benefit the people out of work.A．which

C．what

B．that D．where 解析： 考查非限制性定语从句。which引导的从句修饰前面整个句子，I am sure为插入语。答案： A

第二篇：高中语法定语从句专项练习

定语从句专项练习

1．The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _____ the sailing time was 226 days.（全国 2004.）

A.of whichB.during whichC.from whichD.for which

2.George Orwell, _______ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.（北京，2004.）

A.the real nameB.what his real name

C.his real nameD.whose real name

3.______ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.（北京2004.）

A.It B.AsC.That D.What

4．There was timeI hated to go to school.（湖北2004.）

A．a;thatB．a;whenC．the;thatD．the;when

5．stands nearly a hundred feet high.（湖北2004.）

A．the largerB．the larger of them

C．the larger one thatD．the larger of which

6．What surprised me was not what he said but he said it.（湖南2004）

A．the wayB．in the way thatC．in the wayD．the way which

7.Playing tricks on others is _____we should never do.(湖南2004)

A.anythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothing

8.I work in a business _________ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.（湖南2004）

A.howB.whichC.whereD.that

9.________ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.（江苏2004）

A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.As

10．are sold abroad.（全国 2004）

A．of whichB．which ofC．of themD．of that

11.The English play _______ my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success.（全国2004）

A.for whichB.at whichC.in whichD.on which

12.There were dirty marks on her trousers ______ she had wiped her hands.A.whereB.which C.whenD.that

13.American women usually identify their best friend as someone _____ they can talk frequently.A.whoB.asC.about whichD.with whom

14．—Is that the small town you often refer to?

—Right, just the one you know I used to work for years.（福建2005）

A.that B.which C.where D.what

15.Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ______ people were eaten by the tiger.(广东 2005)

A.in whichB.by whichC.whichD.that

16．Her sister has become a lawyer, she wanted to be.(湖北2005)

A．who B．that C．what D．which

17.The place _______ the bridge is supposed to be built should be________the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.A.which;whereB.at which;which

C.at which;whereD.which;in which

18．The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs ______ they are being trained.A．in that B．for that C．in which D．for which

19．I walked in our garden, _______ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees.（辽宁 2005）

A．which B．when C．where D．that

20．Do you have any idea ________ is actually going on in the classroom?（辽宁 2005）

A．that B．what C．as D．which

21.He was educated at a local grammar school, ______ he went on to Cambridge.（山东2005）

A.from whichB.after thatC.after whichD.from this

22.Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _______effects the people are still suffering.A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.what

23.Jim passed the driving test, _________ surprised everybody in the office.(浙江2005)

A．which B．thatC．thisD．it

24._________ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.(浙江2005)

A．When B．AfterC．AsD．Since

25.Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, ____ ,he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students' Union.(重庆 2005)

A.during which timeB.for which timeC.during whose timeD.by that time

26． some are businessmen.（全国 2005）

A．of themB．from whichC．who ofD．of whom

第三篇：高中语法定语从句与同位语从句（推荐）

同位语从句

1.概念：在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句。

2.什么是同位语？

同位语：一个名词（或其他形式）对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词（或其他形式）就是同位语。

3.同位语举例

（1）Mr.Wang, my child’s teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.（2）I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.（3）But now the question comes to their minds, “Did she die young because she was a clone?”

（4）The girls were surprised the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.4.同位语从句与定语从句的区分。

（1）定语从句的引导词在从句中充当一定的成分，可作主语、宾语、状语等；而同位语从句中的引导词在从句只起连接作用，不作任何成分.如：He is the man that never listens to any tapes

The fact that they did not finish the work has to be faced.(2)引导定语从句的关联词在从句中作宾语或状语时，可以省略或被其他词代替；而同位语从句的引导词一般不能省略，更不能被代替.如： The news that she heard is true

The news that she will go abroad is true

（3）由when, why, where引导的定语从句分别修饰或说明表示时间、原因或地点的词，但 它们引导的同位语从句一般不和表示时间或地点的词同位

如：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.I have no idea when she will be back.

第四篇：定语从句学案

定语从句汇总讲解学案

◆英语谚语欣赏

1.He who knows nothing but pretends to know everything is indeed a good-for –nothing.不懂装懂，一事无成.2.It’s the first step that costs.千里之行，始于足下

3.He that makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the wolf.甘当小绵羊，迟早要喂狼.Ⅰ.概念：

(1)

定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。

(2)先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。

(3)引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。

关系词的作用：

1)引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词；

2)必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语）

常用的关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose、as、but(文语, 置于否定词之后=that/who„not„, “没有„„不„„”, 在从句中作主语，宾语)常用的关系副词（在从句中只作状语）: when、why、where

The student who answered the question was John.I know the reason why he was so angry.The boy(whom)you are talking to is my brother.I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.定语从句三步：

第一找出先行词；

第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；

第三选择合适的关系词。

Ⅱ几个关系代词的基本用法：

●that: 可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。(指人时，相当于who或 whom；指物时，相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句;不可置于介词后作宾语)

如：

1.A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read.(主语)

2.Do you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now?

3.You can take anything(that)you like.（宾语）

4.What is the question(that/which)they are talking about? 5.Here is the man(who/whom/that)you want to see.6.She's no longer the girl(that)she used to be before.（表语）

7.Our hometown is no longer the one(that)it used to be.= Our hometown is not the same as it used to be.= Our hometown is different from what it used to be。

= Our hometown is not what it used to be.●which:

指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语。如：

1.The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.（主语）

2.The book(which/that)I bought yesterday is very interesting.（宾语）

3.The factory in which his father works is far from here.4.He was proud, which his brother never was.（表语）

5.Tom spent four years in college, during which time he learned French.（定语）

6.He may be late, in which case we ought to wait for him.●who, whom, whose: who:

主格, 在从句中作主语，在口语或非正式用法中作宾语;只可指人 whom: 宾格，在从句中作宾语;只可指人 whose: 属格，在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物。

I like the students who/that work hard.（主语）

All who heard the story were amazed.(代词如he, they, any, those, all, one 等后多用who.)Chaplin, for whom life had once been very hard, was a success as an actor.（宾语）

He's a man from whom we should learn.= He's a man(whom/who/that)we should learn from.比较：

He is the student whom you think to be worthy of your praise.He is the student who you think is worth praising.A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.（指人）

I'd like a room whose window faces south.（指物）

=I'd like a room of which the window faces south.=I'd like a room the window of which faces south.There is a teapot shaped like a Chinese duck, out of whose mouth tea is supposed to come

关系代词作介词宾语:

关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时，介词可放于从句之首，也可放于从句之末.但以放于句首较为正式.（介词前置，必须注意不影响动词词组的含义。关系代词who 和 that 用作介词宾语时, 介词必须放在句末.）

This is the book for which you asked.=This is the book(that/which)you asked for.Do you know the person with whom I shook hands？

= Do you know the person(whom/who/that)I shook hands with? The beginning of agriculture was a big step in human progress with which nothing could compare until our information age.In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.Is this the factory to which you paid a visit last week? Is this factory the one to which you paid a visit last week? This is the girl whom they are looking after.(介词after与look构成固定词组，不可前置。look at, look for, look after, take care of等)

●as 的用法:(as 引导定语从句, 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语)

①如为限制性的，多用于the same „as;the same as；such „as „;as many/much as；so „as等结构中。如：

※I have the same book as you(have).我有一本和你的一样的书。

Her attitude to him was quite the same as it had always been.(关系代词as指示代词same连用, 在从句中用作表语, 先行词是same.)

※.---Why didn't you mention that in face of the police just now?---I thought it was such a minor detail as was hardly worth mentioning.We will only discuss such problems as have something to do with our own interests.Don't do such things as you are not sure about.There is no such place as you dream of in all this world.比较：

I live in the same house that he used to live in.I'm wearing the same shirt as you wore yesterday.比较：

Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.（定语从句）

Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.（结果状语从句）

②如为非限制性的，多单独引导一个定语从句，这种定语从句可置于句首，句中或句尾，译为“正如，这一点”。（动词常为know, see, expect, point out, etc.）

※As we all know, smoking is harmful to one's health.(as 作宾语)=As is known to all, smoking is harmful to one's health.（as 作主语）

=It's known to all that smoking is harmful to one's health.=Smoking is harmful to one's health , as we all know.（as 作宾语）=Smoking, as we all know, is harmful to one' health.※He was a foreigner, as I knew from his accent.(宾语, 先行词是前面整个句子)

Ⅲ.关系副词引导的定语从句:

●When 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。其先行词是表时间的名词（如： time, day, week, tear, month, etc.）

He came last night when I was out.We will put off the picnic until next week, when the weather would be better.注意：先行词为“时间名词”，可用when引导定语从句，when在定语从句中作状语；还可以用which或that 引导，which或that在从句中作主语或宾语。

比较: I still remember the day when /on which my brother joined the army.（作状语）

Next month, when you will be in your hometown, is just around the corner.I still remember the days which/that we spent together.（作宾语）

Next winter which/that you'll spend in Harbin, I'm sure, will be exciting.I shall never forget the day when Shen Zhou Ⅴ was launched, which has a great effect on my life.There are occasions when joking is not permissible.●Where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。其先行词是表示地点的名词，如：

place, school, factory, room, etc.This is the place where I was born.I live in the room where /in which he used to live.注意：先行词是“地点名词”，定语从句可用where引导，还可用which或that导which/that 在从句中作主语或宾语。

比较:

※This is the factory where /in which he worked last year.（作状语）

The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point where he can walk correctly and safely.I think you have got to the point where a change is needed, or you would fail.Government reports, legal papers and most business letters are the main situations where English is used.He's got himself into a dangerous situation where he's likely to lose control of the plane.The small mountain village where we spent our holiday last month lies in what /the place which is now part of Hubei.※This is the park which/that they visited last year.（作宾语）

Not having been there before, he simply had no idea about the place, which everyone says is worth visiting.●Why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。先行词为reason 时，可用for which指代；当关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时，则which或that 引导。

如：

The reason why / for which /(that)he didn't attend the meeting was that he was ill.I don't believe the reason(that/which)he gave me.（作宾语）

Have you asked him the reason that may explain his success?（作主语）

Ex.)He was late.That's because he got up late..He got up late.That's why he was late.(表语从句)

(the reason)why/for which he was late.(定语从句)当先行词为way时，定语从句常用that, in which,或how引导，that常可以省略。way后的定语从句的引导词不用时较多。但如果关系词在句中作主语或宾语时，则用which或that 引导。

如: This is the way(that)/in which I do such things.比较: Please do the experiment in the way（that/which）I have shown you.Ⅳ.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：

1.形式上，非限制性定语从句往往用逗号隔开。

2.语法上，非限制性定语从句一般不用that.3.语义上，限制性定语从句与先行词关系紧密，起限定作用，如果去掉了这个定语从句，整个句子就不完整或者会改变意思；而非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不是很紧密，对先行词起补充说明或描述的作用。

This is the book I like best.这就是我最喜欢的那本书。

Beijing, which has been China's capital for more than 800 years , is rich in cultural and historic relics.北京是中国八百年之久的古都，它有着丰富的文化和历史遗产。

4.翻译时，限制性定语从句可译为一句（较短的一般译为“的”字结构）；而非限制性定语从句可译为两句。（见上句翻译）

比较:

He has a sister, who is a musician.He has a sister who is a musician.引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词，指人时用who, whom, whose , 指物时用

which , whose;关系副词when，where, why, etc.1.He studied hard at school when he was young, which leads to his success in his later life.2.Tom's father, who arrived just now, is a famous scientist.3.They set up a separate state of their own, where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves.4.He was proud, which his brother never was.Ⅴ.几个易混淆的关系代词的比较:

●that & which: 在定语从句中，which 和that 在指代事物时，一般可以互换使用，但并非在任何情况下都是这样，这里介绍宜用that, 而不宜用which 的情况.①先行词为不定代词,all,much,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等, 1.We should do all that is useful to the people.2.There's nothing that can be said about it.3.Do you mean the one that was bought yesterday?

②先行词被

only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等词修饰时。

1.The only thing that we could do was to wait.2.That's the very word that is wrongly used.The last place(that)we visited was the chemical works.You can take any(=whichever)seat that is free.I hope the little that I can will be of some help to them.比较 *This is one of the best novels that were published last year.*This is the only one of the best novels that was published last year.③先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时。

1.When we talk about Wuxi, the first that comes into mind is Tai Lake.2.This is the third film that has been shown in our school this term.④先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。

1.This is the best that can be done now.2.The most important thing that should be done right now is how to stop him from going on.⑤先行词既有人又有物，用which和who都不适合，这时宜用that.如：

1.The writer and his novel that you have just talked about is really well known.2.The rider and his bike that had run over an old woman were held up by the police.⑥被修饰词为数词时

.1.Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water.Now you can see the two that are still alive.⑦如果有两个从句，其中一个关系代词已用which ,另一个关系代词宜用that，以避免语言的单调或重复。

Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.⑧疑问词是

who或which，关系代词宜用that，以避免重复。

1.Which is the book that you like best? 2.Who is the man that is standing at the gate?

⑨主句是There be 结构，修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词.如：

1.There is still a seat in the corner that is still free.⑩被修饰成分为表语时，或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时 , 该关系代词宜用

that.1.That's a good book that will help you a lot.2.My home village is no longer the place(that)it used to be.定语从句中宜用which而不宜用that 的情况 :

①当关系代词的前面有介词时

.1.A zoo is a park in which many kinds of animals are kept for exhibition.2.Is this the room in which Mr.White lives?

②在非限制性定语从句中.1.Crusoe's dog, which was are now very old, became ill and died.2.More and more people are beginning to learn English, which is becoming very popular in our country.(which指代主句)

③在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了 that, 另一个宜用which.1.Let me show you the novel，that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.2.At the station I bought some magazines that might help me to pass the time on the train and which I could pass on to others when I finished them.④当关系代词后面带有插入语时.1.Here's the English grammar which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.⑤先行词本身是that, 宜用which.What's that which she is looking at?

⑥先行词是those+复数名词.A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.(B)who & that: who 和 that 指代人时，有些情况宜用who, 而不宜用that

①先行词为

anyone, anybody, those, all, one, ones, they, he, people时.如：

1.The person I want to learn from is the one who studies hard and works well.2.Anyone who(=Whoever)failed to come to the meeting yesterday must give his reason.3.Those who are not fit for their work should leave office at once 4.I don't like the ones(= those)who talk big.5.Persons who are quarrelsome are despised.②在There be 结构中，修饰主语的定语从句宜用关系代词who 指代人.如：

1.There is a gentleman who wants to see you.2.There are several students in our class who are still not sure about the use of attributive clauses.③当先行词有较长的后置定语时.如：

1.I met a foreigner in the park yesterday afternoon who could speak Chinese very well.④一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是 that ,另一个则宜用who, 以免重复.如：

1.The student that was praised at yesterday's meeting is the monitor who is very modest and works very hard.●

as & which: as & which

引导非限制性定语从句的区别：

①位置的不同：

which 引导的定语从句只置于所限制的

句子后；as 位置较灵活，也就是说as

可置于所限制的句子前面；插在句子中或放在句子后。如：

1.He was late again, which made his teacher very angry.2.Jack, as you know, is an honest man.或

Jack is an honest man , as you know.或

As you know, Jack is an honest man.②先行词的不同：

as 引导非限制性定语从句时，其先行词多为一个句子；

which 引导非限制性定语从句时，其先行词可以是一个词，一个短语或一个句子。

※

He was proud, which his brother never was.（先行词是一个词）

She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was.He was proud, which I dislike very much.（先行词是一个句子）※

He is an honest man, as is known to all.He was a foreigner, as I know from his accent.③as 一般译为“正如”“就像”，“这一点” as we all know；

as you know;as is known to all;as you see;as we can see;as has been expected;as we have imagined.训练题汇总

◆ EX1.用定语从句完成下列句子。

1．This is the most beautiful forest _

__(我所见过的).2．Dou Po Tang(陡坡塘)Waterfall, ___(位于贵州省的), is 105 meters wide and 21 meters high.◆ EX2 用适当的关系词填空

.Have a try！!1.I will never forget the day __________ I first went to school.I will never forget the day

__________ we spent in Beijing.2.The house __________ we visited is being repaired now.The house ______ Luxun once lived is being repaired now.◆ Ex3 选择适当的代词填空，注意非限制性定语从句和单句的比较。

1.I am reading Harry Porter, _____is an interesting book.2.He failed in the exam._______ made his parents angry.3.He failed in the exam, _______made his parents angry.4.He has two sons.Both of ________ are teachers.5.He has two sons, both of ________ are teachers.◆ EX4 思考: 用五种方式（定语从句）翻译句子

这是他工作的工厂。

1.This is the factory

he works.2.This is the factory

he works.3.This is the factory

he works in.4.This is the factory

he works in.5.This is the factory

he works in.◆ EX5 思考:

介词+关系代词的情况

介词+关系代词的情况（1）

The man whom you spoke

was a scientist.The city

she lives in is far away.介词+关系代词的情况（2）

Are these two sentences right? The man who/whom you spoke to was a scientist.The city that/which she lives in is far away.介词+关系代词的情况（3）

Are these two sentences right? The man to who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city in that/which she lives is far away.结论：

介词+关系代词的情况(4)

下面两句中的介词能提前吗

? Is this the watch that you are looking for? The old man whom I am looking after is better.结论：

Sum up:介词+关系代词

介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句, 关键是判断介词的选择.方法一: 根据从句中动词与先行词习惯搭配

方法二: 根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系

注意：关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+ 关系代词”引出。此时关系代词只能用which 或 whom;不可用that 或who 代替。

◆ Ex6:

介词+关系代词的使用

1.Do you like the book

she spent $10?

2.Do you like the book

she paid $10? 3.Do you like the book

she learned a lot?

4.Do you like the book

she often talks? 5.He dug a hole

he could got water from the lake.6.There is a tall tree outside，stands our teacher.7.China has a lot of rivers, the second longest ___________is the Yellow River.8.The man ____________ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at swimming.9.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most __________ hadn’ t been cleaned for at least a year.◆

EX 7 Practice

A letter to Tom

我收到了你上周的来信.谢谢你寄的照片.我常常想起我们一起度过的时光.你还记得那个湖吗? 我们在那还照过一张相呢.和我们一起玩的那些朋友还好吗? 我昨晚做了梦，在梦里我们在上次去的那家电影院呢．另外, 我买到了你要的那本英语书.周末有时间我将把书寄给你．

Dear Tom, I have received the letter you posted last week.Thanks for the photos you sent.I often think of the time we spent together.Do you still remember the lake where we had a picture taken? How are the children who played with us? I had a dream in which / where we were staying in the cinema which/that we went to last time.Besides, I have bought the book(that/which)you need.On the weekend when I am free, I will post it to you.Best wishes

第五篇：初中英语定语从句学案

一、定语从句的概念

般放在________的后面。

二、定语从句的关系词

在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫_______,定语从句一 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三、定语从句的分类

根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。

四、关系代词的用法

1.that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如: ___________________________________________.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作____)

The coat(that)I put on the desk is blue.________________________。(that作_____)

2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:

The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.____________。(作_____)__________________________________.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)

3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作__语,whom用作___语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如:

The girl who often helps me with my English is from England._______________________。(作__语)

Who is the teacher(whom)Li Ming is talking to?____________________________________?(作_语)

注意:(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who, that, which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如:

This is the house in which we lived last year.___________________________________。

Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel._______________________________。

(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。例如:

This is the person whom you are looking for._______________________________________。

(3)that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如:

The city that she lives in is very far away.___________________________________。

(4)关系词只能用that的情况:

a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:

He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。

b.被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:

Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?

c.先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:

This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。

d.先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that, 而不用which.例如:

I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。

e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:

Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?

f.主句是there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which.例如:

There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那本书是汤姆的。

(5)关系词只能用which,而不用that 的情况:

a.先行词为that, those时,用which, 而不用that.例如:

What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?

b.关系代词前有介词时,一般用which,而不用that.例如:

This is the room in which he lives.这是他居住的房间。

c.引导非限制性定语从句,用which, 而不用that.例如:

Tom came back, which made us happy.汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。

五、关系副词的用法

(1)when指时间,其先行词表示时间,在句中作时间状语。例如:

This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。

(2)where指地点,其先行词表示地点,在句中作地点状语。例如:

This is the place where he works.这是他工作的地点。

(3)why 指原因,其先行词是原因,起原因状语作用。例如:

Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。

I.单项填空。

1.-Do you know the man ______is talking with your father?

-Yes, he’s our headmaster.A.he B.who C.which D.whom

2.Is this the river _____I can swim?

A.which B.in which C.that D.the one

3.This is the best hotel in the city _____I know.A.where B.which C.that D.it

4.Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day?

A.that you bought B.you bought it C.that you bought it D.which you bought it

5.Anyone ______with what I said may put up you hands.A.which agrees B.who agree C.who agrees D.which agree

6.My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing.A.that B.it C.which D.who

7.The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate

A.who’s B.whose C.that of which.8.The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister.A.which;is B.whom;was C.who;is D.who;was

9.I love places ______the people are really friendly.A.that B.which C.where D.who

10.The world ______ is made up of matter.A.in that we live B.on which we live C.where we live in D.we live in

Ⅱ.用适当的关系代词that, which, who, whom填空。

1.The first thing ______you must do is to have a meal.2.April 1st is the day _____is called April Fool’s Day in the west.3.The family _____had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends.4.The house _____we live in is very old.5.Didn’t you see the man ______I talked with just now?

21.The famous scientist grew up________ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.A.when

B.whenever

C.where

D.wherever 22.The Parkers bought a new house but ________ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.they

B.it

C.one

D.which 23.Is this factory ______ you worked at?

A.the one

B.which

C.that

D.where

24.Is this the factory _______ you worked?

A.where

B.which

C.that

D.the one

25.---Does the teacher know everybody _______ planted the trees?

---Yes, he does.A.which

B.whose

C.where

D.who

26.The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very important.A.who

B.where

C.what

D.that

27.---Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday?

---He has gone back to Qinghua University.A.whom

B.who

C.whose

D.which

28.I hate people _______ talk much but do little.A.whose

B.whom

C.which

D.who

29.Do you know a boy ______ sister is a nurse in a hospital?

A.who

B.that

C.whom

D.whose

30.Is there a shop near here______ we can buy vegetables and fruits?

A.which

B.when

C.who

D.where 宾语从句练习：

在宾语从句中要注意三个要素，1连接词that, if(whether)和疑问词做连词。2语序，必须是陈述句的语序。3时态，主句是一般现在，从句可以是你所需要的任何时态；主句是过去时，从句也必须是相应的过去时态(一般过去，过去完成，过去进行，过去将来)，如果宾语从句是真理或永恒不变的事物，不改变时态。

（）1.Do you know _____ this time yesterday?

A.who are they waiting

B.who they are waiting for

C.who were they waiting D.who they were waiting for（）2.Could you tell us ____ ?

A.if your father does

B.what does your father do

C.your father does what D.what your father does（）3.Can you tell me what ______ next Sunday? A.will they do B.they would do C.would they do D.they will do（）4.She asked me if I knew ______.A.whose pen was it B.whose pen it was C.whose pen it is D.whose pen is it（）5.Excuse me, could you tell me ______ ?

A.when can I get to the station B.I can get to which station

C.which station I can get to

D.how I can get to the station（）6.Can you tell me where ______ ?.A.is the post office B.the post office is C.does the post office D.the post office does（）7.Do you know who ______ with at eight yesterday ?

A.he is talking B.was he talking C.he was talking D.is he talking（）8.They wondered if the teacher ______ us English the next term.A.would teach B.had taught C.will teach D.taught（）9.He told me that the sun ______ in the east.A.rises B.raises C.rose D.raised（）10.The boy asked ______ any noise from outside.A.whether had I heard

B.whether I had heard

C.whether have I heard D.whether I have heard（）11.This map will show you _______.A.where is the Summer Palace

B.where the Summer Palace is C.where is the Summer Palace like D.how the Summer Palace is like

（）12.My brother ________ to the ground while ________ his bicycle and hurt his leg.A.falls;is he riding B.fell;he was riding C.falls;he is riding D.felt;was he riding