第一篇：VOA学习必备人名
VOA学习必备人名、地名词汇 Abbas Khalaf ,伊拉克驻俄大使
Abdelaziz Bouteflika 阿尔及利亚总统
Abdel-Razzak al-Yahya, 巴勒斯坦内务部长
Abdullah,阿布杜拉(人名)Abdul Qadir，阿富汗副总统
Abuja,阿布贾,尼日利亚首都
Abu Sayyaf,阿布萨耶夫(菲律宾组织)Aceh，印尼省名
Agent Orange,橙剂
Ahmadabad, 印度城市
Ahmad Tejan Kabbah 塞拉利昂总统
Ahmet Necdet Sezer, 土耳其总统
Akihiko,日本天皇
al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades,阿克萨烈士旅
Alassane Dramane Ouattara 象牙海岸反对党领袖
Albanian,阿尔巴尼亚人
Albert Einstein, 爱因斯坦
Alejandro Toledo.秘鲁总统
Aleksander Kwasniewski,波兰总统
Algeria,阿尔及利亚 Algerine阿尔及利亚的
Algiers 阿尔及尔（阿尔及利亚首都）
Al Gore ,美国前副总统
Al-Hayat, 伦敦一报名
Ali Rodriguez, OPEC 秘书长
All Parties Hurriyat Conference（印控克什米尔一组织）
al-Qaida，（拉登的）阿尔凯达基地组织
Al-Jazeera television，（卡塔尔）半岛电视台
Amarnath caves，印控克什米尔地名
Ambon*, 印尼城市
Amman，安曼（约旦首都）
Amr Moussa, 阿拉伯联盟秘书长Arab League Secretary General Armenian Orthodox christian religious，美国东正教
Andean organization，安第斯组织
Andres Pastrana 哥伦比亚总统
Angola 安哥拉
Angolan 安哥拉人，安哥拉的Ankara，安卡拉（土耳其首都）
Ann M.Veneman ,美国农业部长
Antananarivo 马达加斯加岛首都
Anthony Zinni 美国官员
A.P.J.Abdul Kalam, 印度当选总统
Arequipa 阿雷基帕[秘鲁南部城市] Ariel Sharon 以色列总理沙龙
Ari Fleischer, 白宫发言人
Arusha 坦桑尼亚城市
Ashkhabad* 阿什哈巴德[土库曼斯坦共和国首都]
Asian，亚洲人，亚洲的Astana, 哈萨克斯坦首都
Atlanta, Georgia亚特兰大[美国佐治亚州首府]
Atlantis，美国航天飞机名
Atal Behari Vajpayee , 印度总理瓦杰帕伊
Aung San Suu Kyi Awami League
Ayatollah Ali Khamenei(Iran)Ayohya(Indian town’s name)Bagdad
Baghlan province,阿富汗一省名
Bahrein*
Baikonur space launch center Bamiong province Bangkok Bangladesh
Barents Sea，巴伦支海（俄）
Bashar al-Assad, Syrian President Basilan* Bekaa Valley Belarus Belgrade* Belize Beirut Bethlehem
Benevolence International Foundation Bharatiya Janata(Hindu Nationalist Party)
Bill White(VOA)
Binyamin Ben-Eliezer, 以色列国防部长
Blawayo.(Zimbabwe’s city)Bob Dugty(VOA)Bob Dylan, 音乐家名
Bogotá
Bolivia, Bolivian Brazzaville
Brooklyn bridge Brussels Buenos Aires
Bulent Ecevit,Turkish Prime Minister Bulgaria Burma Byelorussia Cairo
Cali(Colombia city)
Cam Ranh*] bay vietnam's [ Cambodia Cameroon Canaveral
Canterbury，(英国)坎特伯雷
Cape Canaveral
Caracas(Venezuela’s capital)Carlos Menem, 智利前总统
Caribbean Sea Caspian Sea CGIL
Charles Taylor(The President of Liberia)
Chebaa farms area Chechnya(Chechen)
Chevron Texaco,谢夫隆－德士古（石油）公司
Chile
Chosun，韩国一报纸名
Christina Rocca, assistant secretary of state
Clark Randt(U.S.Ambassador to China)
Colin Powell Colombia
Condoleezza Rice(National Security Advisor)Congo Costa Rica
Crowfort, Texas Cyber-
Cyprus, Cypriot Czech Republic Dalai Lama Dallas, Texas Damascus
Daniel Pearl(a reporter’s name)Dari(Afghanistan major Language)Dennis Hastert，美众院发言人
Dessau, 德国城市名
Devlet Bahcel, 土耳其副总理
Dhaka
Dick Cheney Didier Ratsiraka(Madagascar’s president)
Diffa, 尼日尔城镇
Djerba(Tunisia island)Djibouti
Donald Evans,American Commerce Secretary
Donald Rumsfeld
Dough Johnson ,Dow Johnson(VOA)Dow-Jones Industrial average,.道琼斯工业指数
Dresden，德累斯顿(德国Saxony邦首府)
East Timor Ecuador
Eduardo Duhalde(Argentine President)Eduard Shevardnadze(Georgian President)Egyptian
Elbe River，易北河(流经中欧)El Nino El Salvador
Elvis Presley 著名摇滚歌手（美）
Enron(company America)Erfurt* Eritrea
Ernie Els,南非职业高尔夫球选手
ETA ,.巴斯克分裂主义者运动组织
Ethiopia Farq
Fatah-Tanzim movement of Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat
Faustine Kowalska, 波兰女圣徒
Fidel Castro Filipinos Florence
Frankfurt法兰克福
Gale Norton(Interior Secretary)Ganges*
Gardez 阿富汗地名 Paktia省会
Gaza
Geidar Aliev, Azeri President Geneva Conventions Geoff Hoon Georgia State
George Fernandes, Indian Defense
Minister
George Tenet(CIA chief)
Georgetown University，乔治敦大学（美）
Georgia
Gerhard Schroeder, German chancellor Ghanaian
Gladys Kessler，美联邦法官
Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo Goh Chok Tong , 新加坡总理
Golan Heights
Gonaives, 海地城镇名
Gonzalo Sanchez de Lozada 玻利维亚总统
Grozny, 车臣首都
Guatemala
Guantanamo Bay, Cuba Gujarat(Indian State)
Gultari area，巴控克什米尔一地区
Haifa(Israeli city)Hague
hajj/haji/haj(Mecca)
Haji Abdul Qadir, 阿富汗已故副总统
Hama Amadou 尼日尔总理
Hamas(the Islamic militant group)Hamburg Hamid Karzai Hanoi Hawaii
Harare哈拉雷,津国首都
Hebrew University，希伯来大学
Hebron
Helen Clark, 新西兰总理
Herat province，阿富汗省名
Hermon aera(Golan Height)Hezbollah
Hilversum city(Dutch)Hima* ethnic group Hindu Kush mountains Hiroshima Hollywood Hosni Mubarak
Hubble Space Telescope
Hugo Chavez(Venezuelan President)Hungary Hun Sen
Hurriyat，印控克什米尔一分离组织名称
Hutomo Mandala Putra，“Tommy Soeharto”印尼前总统之子
Hutu(Rwandan)
Hyderabad, Pakistani city
Igor Ivanov, Russian Foreign Minister Inamul Haq,.巴基斯坦外交部长Pakistani Foreign Minister Inchon
Ingushetia，Republic of（俄）
Interfax News Agency(Russia's)Iraq
Isaias Rodriguez(Venezuelan Attorney General)Islamabad
Ismail Khan，Herat 省长（阿富汗）
Israeli Itar-Tass Jack Strow(Zimbabwe foreign minister)Jakarta
Jacques Chirac(French President)Jakarta ,Djakarta Jalalabad
James Traficant, 美一（被开除的）众议员
Jammu
Jaswant Singh(Indian Foreign Minister)
Jean-Bertrand Aristide，海地总统
Jean-Marie Le Pen Jean-Pierre Raffarin Jenin
Jericho*, West Bank Jerusalem Jidda(h)Jihad
Jimmy Carter Jim Tedder
John Ashcroft(Attorney General)John Howard, Austrilan Prime Minister
Jonas Savimbi(UNITA)Jordan
Jose Maria Aznar 西班牙总理
Joseph Biden , 外交委员会主席（美参院）
Joseph Kabila ,Congo president Juan Carlos 西班牙国王
Junichiro Koizumi(Japanese Prime Minister)Kabul
Kabyle area 阿尔及利亚一地区
Kamal Kharrazi ,Iranian Foreign Minister
Kampala, 坎帕拉[乌干达首都] Kandahar
Kano* ,negirian city Karachi Kashmir Kathmandu Kazakhstan
Kazvin(Qazvin)(Iran’s province)Kentucky Derby，（美国）肯塔基赛马会
Kenyan
Kerala，.喀拉拉邦(印度西南部)Kfar Saba(Israeli town)Khaleda Zia, 孟加拉总理
Khan Yunis* refugee camp
Kim Chong-il(North Korean leader)Kim Dae-jung(South Korean leader)Kinshasa* Kinya kirghizia
Kodori Gorge area of the northwestern part of Georgia.Koffi Annan
Kos, Island of-, 科斯岛(希腊岛屿)Kosovo
Krakow，克拉科夫(波兰城市)Krishna Kant，印度副总统
K.R.Narayanan, 印度总统(即将退位)Kuala Lumpur
Kunar，阿富汗一省名
Kupwara district, 克什米尔一地区
Kursk，库尔斯克号潜艇（俄）
Kuwait
Kyoto Climate Control Treaty Kyrgyzstan
Laghman，阿富汗一省名
Lebanese Lebanon
Lahore(Parkistan’s city)Laos
Laurent Gbagbo 象牙海岸总统
Laurent Kabila，刚果总统
Lendu ethnic group
Leonid D.Kuchma,乌克兰总统
Lesotho Liberia
Likud party(Israeli party)Lima
Lionel Jospin(French Prime Minister,)Lithuania Libya
Lockerbie，洛克比，苏格兰一地名
Logar，阿富汗一省名
Lord's Resistance Army , 乌干达反叛组织
Louisiana，路易斯安那,(美国南部的州名)loya jirga
Luxor(Egyptian city)Lviv, 乌克兰城市名
Madagascar
Magbeburg, 德国城市名
Mahathir Mohamad,(Malaysian)Makiko Tanaka, 日本前外相（女）
Makwanpar，尼泊尔一地区名
Malawi Malaysian
Maluku, 马鲁古群岛(印尼）
Mamadou Tandja , 尼日尔总统
Manama(Bahrain's capital)Mandalay(Burmese city p265)Manil(l)a
Maputo ,the capital of Mozambique Maracay ,Venezualan city
Marc Ravalomanana(Madagascar)Marseille*
Marwan Jamil Al-Muasher, 约旦外长 Mary Tillotson(VOA)Marza-e Sharif
Mastoi，巴基斯坦一部族
Mauritania Mecca
Meerwala, 巴基斯坦城镇名
Megawati Sukarnoputri, Indonesian president
Meghna River
Meir Shitreet,以色列司法部长Israeli Justice minister
Mercosur trade group，南美贸易组织 Messina, 墨西拿an Italian town Michael Melchior, Israeli deputy Foreign Minister *
Michiko(Japanese Empress)
Mike O'Brien, 英国外交部长
Mikle Spike Milan Mindanao
Moammar Gadhafi, 利比亚总统卡扎菲
Mogadishu, the capital of Somali Mohammad Fahim(Afghan Defense Minister)
Mohammad Khatami(the president of Iran)
Mohammad Zahir Shah(Afghan FORMer King)
Monrovia, Liberian capital Montenegro
Monterrey, Mexico Morgan Tsvangirai Moroccan Morocco
Moshe Katzav, Israeli President Mountain Konggang Mozambique
Mullah Mohammad Omar Murree, 巴基斯坦城镇名
Nabil Shaath ,巴勒斯坦国际合作部部长
Nablus Nagasaki.Nahrin area northeast of Kabul.Nairobi
Napoleon Bonaparte
Naji Sabri 伊拉克外交部长
Nasdaq composite index, 纳斯达克综合指数
Nauru,瑙鲁(岛)[西太平洋岛国](在赤道附近)Nazi Nepal Nepalese Netherlands New Delhi*
Newport Folk Festival，新港民族节? Niamey, 尼亚美[尼日尔首都] Nicaragua
Niger, 尼日尔(非洲中西部国家)Nigeria Ninja group
Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, 南非外长
Norouz，依朗一报纸名
Norwegian
Nursultan Nazarbayev, Kazakhstan’s Oakland University, 美国奥克兰大学 Olusegun Obasanjo(Nigerian President)
Omar Hassan al-Bashir,苏丹总统Sudanese President Orthodox church Osama bin Laden
Otto Schily, German Interior Minister Paek Nam Sun ,（北）朝鲜外长
Paktia 阿富汗省名
Palestinian
Pan Am 泛美航空公司（美国）
Panama
Pankisi Gorge area，乔治亚（前苏联）一地区
Papua New Guinea Paraguay Pashtun Pastrana
Paul Wolfowitz(Deputy Defense Secretary)
Pedro Carmona(Venezuela temporary government head)Persian Peruvian
Pervez Musharraf(Pakistan president)Peshawar*(Pakistani city)Philippine
Philip Ruddock, Immigration Minister Pim Fortuyn, Dutch politician Portugal Portugese Prague
Presovo valley, 塞尔维亚地名
Price Saudi Al Faisal(Saudi Foreign Minister)
Pulitzer Prizes
Punjab state(Pakistan)
Putrajaya the new Malaysian capital? Pyongyang Qalqilya
Quds University, 巴勒斯坦一大学
Radovan Karadzic，前波斯尼亚－塞尔维亚领导人
Rafah
Rajiv Gandhi
Rajouri，印控克什米尔一地区名
Rally of the Republicans Party, 象牙海岸反对党
Ramallah Rangoon
Ranil Wickremasinghe，斯里兰卡总理 Rawalpindi*
Rene Harris,瑙鲁总统Nauru's President Reuters
Richard Armitage(US)Richard Rael reporting.Richter Scale Riyadh*
Robert Coin(VOA)Robert Mueller(FBI)
Robert Mugabe(Zimbabwe president)Rotterdam*
Rowan Williams，新被任命的坎特伯雷大主教
Russia Rwanda
Saadoun Hammadi 伊拉克议会发言人
Saeb Erekat, 巴勒斯坦谈判代表Palestinian negotiator Saddam Hussein Saint Kitts and Nevis
Salam Faiad, 巴勒斯坦财政部长
Salfit, 巴勒斯坦城镇名
Sami Al-Arian, 南佛罗里达州大学一教授
Sanaa Santa Pola, 西班牙地名
Sao Paulo* Sarajevo
Saud al-Faisal 沙特外长
Saudi Arabia
Scott Speicher , Commander Senegal Serbian
Sergio Vieira de Mello, 新任命的联合国人权专员
Seville(Spanish city)Shah-e-Kot area
Sher Bahadur Deuba(Nepal)
Shas;the United Torah Judaism party Shiite
Shimon Peres, Israeli foreign minister Shindand，阿富汗一空军基地
Siberia Sidon
Sierra Leone
Simmon Peres(Israeli foreign minister)Sinpo, 新浦(朝鲜港市)Slobodan Milosevic
Soeharto，印尼前总统苏哈托
Sohag province(Egyptian)Somali*, Somalia Soudan, Sudan South Carolina South Korea
Soyuz rocket, Russian Srebrenica* town Sri Lankan Srinagar
Steve Ember(VOA)Stockholm St.Petersburg
Strasbourg(French city)Sudan, Sudanese Sunni
Surabaya*,Indonesian city Swaziland Sweden Swiss
Switzerland Syria
Tadzhikistan Tajik，塔吉克人
Taliban Tal Aviv Tamil
Tanta(Egypt)Tanzania
Tasman Sea,塔斯曼海Australia's east coast
Teh(e)ran* Tel Aviv* Tennessee Texas Thailand
Thabo Mbeki(South African President)Thaksin Shinawatra, Thai Prime Minister
Tiam, 苏丹城镇名
Tiaret area west of Algiers
Tom Ridge(USA homeland security)
Tomy Franks(United States central command chief)Tony Blair
Toumani Toure, 马里总统
Tran Duc Luong，越南主席陈德良
Tripoli, 的黎波里（利比亚首都）
Tsfat, 以色列城镇名
Tsutomu Takebe，日本农业大臣
Tubas(West Bank town)Tulkarm(Palestinian twon)Tunisia
Tutsi(Rwandan minority)Ugandan UNITA UNITO Uruguay Uzbekistan
Vaclav Havel, 捷克总统
VALENCIA* Vatican City
Velupillai Prabhakaran(Tamil Tiger rebels)Venezuela Venice
Verona(an Italian city)Vienna Vietnam Vietnamese
Viktor Yushchenko(Ukraine prime minister)Virginia
Vladimir Putin
Vladimir Ustinov, 俄检查总长
Vladivostok,符拉迪沃斯托克(中国传统称海参崴）
Volodymyr Shkidchenko 乌克兰国防部长
Volodymyr Strelnykov, 乌克兰空军司令
Wafa, 沙特一人权组织
War Emblem，一匹著名赛马的名字
Westminster Hall
Wim Kok, Dutch Prime Minister Windsor Castle
Xanana Gusmao, East Timor Yangyang 韩国城市
Yasser Arafat
Yoriko Kawaguchi(Japanese Foreign minister)
Yoweri Museveni , 乌干达总统
Yugoslavia
Yunis Qanuni(Afghan interior minister)
Zahir Shah, king of Afghanistan Zambia Zimbabwe
Zamboanga, 菲律宾城市名
Albanian
阿尔巴尼亚人
Algeria 阿尔及利亚
Algiers
阿尔及尔（阿尔及利亚首都）
OPEC=Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries 石油输出国组织
Amman
安曼（约旦王国首都）
Angola 安哥拉
Ankara
安卡拉（土耳其首都）
Ashkhabad
阿什哈巴德（土库曼斯坦共和国 Turkmenistan首都）
Atlanta，亚特兰大，Georgia佐治亚洲首府
Bagdad
巴格达（伊拉克首都）
Bahrain
巴林（国名，位于阿拉伯半岛）
Bangkok
曼谷（泰国首都）
Bangladesh 孟加拉共和国
Belgrade
贝尔格莱德（前南斯拉夫首都）
Belize
伯利兹（一中美洲国家）
Beirut
贝鲁特（黎巴嫩首都）
Bethlehem
伯利恒（耶稣诞生地）
Bolivia 玻利维亚
Brazzaville
布拉柴维尔（刚果首都）
Brooklyn bridge
布鲁克林（纽约西南部工业区）桥
Brussels
布鲁塞尔（比利时首都）
Buenos Aires
布宜诺斯艾利斯（阿根廷首都）
Bulgaria 保加利亚
Burma 缅甸
Byelorussia 白俄罗斯
Cairo 开罗
Cambodia 柬埔寨
Cameroon 喀麦隆
Caracas
加拉加斯（委内瑞拉首都）
Caribbean Sea 加勒比海
Caspian Sea 里海
Chile 智利
Colombia 哥伦比亚
Congo 刚果
Costa Rica 哥斯达黎加
Cyber-电脑的，自动控制的Cyprus 塞浦路斯
Czech Republic 捷克共和国
Dalai Lama **喇嘛
Dallas，达拉斯 Texas德州城市
Damascus
大马士革（叙利亚首都）
Djibouti
吉布提（东非一个共和国及其首都）
East Timor 东帝汶
Ecuador 厄瓜多尔
El Nino 厄尔尼诺
El Salvador
萨尔瓦多（中美洲一共和国）
Eritrea
厄立特里亚省 Ethiopia（埃塞俄比亚一省）
Ganges 恒河
Golan Heights 戈兰高地
Guatemala 危地马拉
Hague
海牙（荷兰行政中心 Hamburg
汉堡（德国城市）
Hanoi
河内（越南首都）
Hawaii 夏威夷
Hiroshima 广岛（日本)Hollywood 好莱坞
Hungary 匈牙利
Iraq 伊拉克
Islamabad
伊斯兰堡（巴基斯坦首都）
Jakarta
雅加达（印尼首都）
Jerusalem 耶路撒冷
Kabul
喀布尔（阿富汗首都）
Karachi
卡拉奇（巴基斯坦）
Kashmir 克什米尔
Kazakhstan 哈萨克斯坦
Kinshasa
金沙萨（扎伊尔共和国首都）
kirghizia
吉尔吉斯斯坦
Kuala Lumpur 吉隆坡（马来西亚首都）
Kuwait 科威特
Lebanon 黎巴嫩
Laos 老挝
Lesotho 莱索托
Liberia 利比里亚
Likud
利库德集团
Lima
利马（秘鲁首都）
Lithuania 立陶宛
Libya 利比亚
Madagascar 马达加斯加
Malawi 马拉维
Manama
马纳马（巴林首都）
Manila
马尼拉（菲律宾首都）
Mauritania 毛里塔尼亚
Mecca 麦加
Milan 米兰
Monrovia
蒙罗维亚（利比亚首都）
Montenegro 黑山共和国
Morocco 摩洛哥
Mozambique 莫桑比克
Nagasaki 长崎
Nairobi
内罗毕（肯尼亚共和国首都）Napoleon Bonaparte 拿破仑 波拿巴
Nauru
瑙鲁（太平洋岛国）
Nazi
纳粹（复数）
Nepal 尼泊尔
Netherlands 荷兰
Nicaragua 尼加拉瓜
Nigeria 尼日利亚
Ninja 忍着
Panama 巴拿马
Papua New Guinea 巴布亚新几内亚
Paraguay 巴拉圭
Portugal 葡萄牙
Prague 布拉格
Pulitzer Prizes 普利策奖
Pyongyang 平壤
Rangoon 仰光
Reuters 路透社
Richter Scale
李氏地震分等标准
Riyadh
利雅得（沙特首都）
Rotterdam 鹿特丹
Rwanda 卢旺达
Sarajevo 萨拉热窝
Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯
Senegal 塞内加尔
Shiite
什叶派教徒
Siberia 西伯利亚
Sierra Leone 塞拉利昂
Sri Lanka 斯里兰卡
Stockholm 斯德哥尔摩
Sudan 苏丹
Swaziland
史瓦济兰（东非国家）Sweden 瑞典
Switzerland 瑞士
Syria 叙利亚
Tadzhikistan 塔吉克斯坦
Tanzania 坦桑尼亚
Tennessee 田纳西
Thailand 泰国
Tunisia 突尼斯
Ugandan 乌干达
Uruguay 乌拉圭
VALENCIA
巴伦西亚（西班牙城市）Vatican City
梵蒂冈城
Venezuela 委内瑞拉
Venice 威尼斯
Vienna 维也纳
Vietnam 越南
Virginia 弗吉尼亚
Yugoslavia 南斯拉夫
Zambia 赞比亚
Zimbabwe 津巴布韦
第二篇：VOA新闻专有名词集合人名和地名
Abbas Khalaf ,伊拉克驻俄大使
Abdelaziz Bouteflika 阿尔及利亚总统
Abdel-Razzak al-Yahya, 巴勒斯坦内务部长 Abdullah,阿布杜拉(人名)Abdul Qadir，阿富汗副总统 Abuja,阿布贾,尼日利亚首都
Abu Sayyaf,阿布萨耶夫(菲律宾组织)Aceh，印尼省名 Agent Orange,橙剂 Ahmadabad, 印度城市
Ahmad Tejan Kabbah 塞拉利昂总统 Ahmet Necdet Sezer, 土耳其总统 Akihiko,日本天皇
al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades,阿克萨烈士旅
Alassane Dramane Ouattara 象牙海岸反对党领袖 Albanian,阿尔巴尼亚人 Albert Einstein, 爱因斯坦 Alejandro Toledo.秘鲁总统
Aleksander Kwasniewski,波兰总统
Algeria,阿尔及利亚 Algerine阿尔及利亚的 Algiers 阿尔及尔（阿尔及利亚首都）Al Gore ,美国前副总统 Al-Hayat, 伦敦一报名
Ali Rodriguez, OPEC 秘书长
All Parties Hurriyat Conference（印控克什米尔一组织）al-Qaida，（拉登的）阿尔凯达基地组织 Al-Jazeera television，（卡塔尔）半岛电视台 Amarnath caves，印控克什米尔地名 Ambon*, 印尼城市
Amman，安曼（约旦首都）
Amr Moussa, 阿拉伯联盟秘书长Arab League Secretary General Armenian Orthodox christian religious，美国东正教 Andean organization，安第斯组织 Andres Pastrana 哥伦比亚总统 Angola 安哥拉
Angolan 安哥拉人，安哥拉的 Ankara，安卡拉（土耳其首都）Ann M.Veneman ,美国农业部长 Antananarivo 马达加斯加岛首都 Anthony Zinni 美国官员
A.P.J.Abdul Kalam, 印度当选总统 Arequipa 阿雷基帕[秘鲁南部城市] Ariel Sharon 以色列总理沙龙 Ari Fleischer, 白宫发言人 Arusha 坦桑尼亚城市
Ashkhabad* 阿什哈巴德[土库曼斯坦共和国首都] Asian，亚洲人，亚洲的 Astana, 哈萨克斯坦首都
Atlanta, Georgia亚特兰大[美国佐治亚州首府] Atlantis，美国航天飞机名
Atal Behari Vajpayee , 印度总理瓦杰帕伊 Aung San Suu Kyi 缅甸反对党领导人 Awami League，孟加拉国主要反对党
Ayatollah Ali Khamenei，伊朗最高领导人（霍梅尼)Ayohya 印度城镇名 Bagdad 巴格达
Baghlan province,阿富汗一省名 Bahrein*巴林（国家名）
Baikonur space launch center，Baikonur宇航发射中心（在哈萨克斯坦）
Bamiong province Bangkok，曼谷(泰国首都)Bangladesh，孟加拉国
Barents Sea，巴伦支海（俄）Bashar al-Assad, 叙利亚总统 Basilan*菲律宾岛屿
Bekaa Valley，贝卡[黎巴嫩中部一谷地] Belarus，白俄罗斯
Belgrade*贝尔格莱德(南斯拉夫首都)Belize伯利兹城(洪都拉斯首都)Beirut贝鲁特(黎巴嫩的首都,为一海港)Bethlehem.伯利恒(耶路撒泠南方六英里一市镇,耶稣诞生地)Benevolence International Foundation Bharatiya Janata(Hindu Nationalist Party)Bill White(VOA)Binyamin Ben-Eliezer, 以色列国防部长 Blawayo..津巴布韦城市 Bob Dugty(VOA)Bob Dylan, 音乐家名 Bogotá.波哥大(哥伦比亚首都)Bolivia, Bolivian玻利维亚(南美洲西部国家)Brazzaville.布拉扎维(刚果共和国首都)Brooklyn bridge布鲁克林大桥 Brussels布鲁塞尔(比利时首都)Buenos Aires，布宜诺斯艾利斯（阿根廷）Bulent Ecevit,土耳其总理 Bulgaria，保加利亚 Burma缅甸
Byelorussia白俄罗斯 Cairo开罗
Cali(哥伦比亚城市)Cam Ranh* bay 金兰湾（越南）Cambodia高棉, 柬埔寨
Cameroon.喀麦隆(非洲西部国家)Canaveral卡纳维拉尔角（美国佛罗里达州）Canterbury，(英国)坎特伯雷
Cape Canaveral卡纳维拉尔角（美国佛罗里达州）Caracas 加拉加斯(委内瑞拉首都)Carlos Menem, 智利前总统 Caribbean Sea.加勒比海 Caspian Sea里海 CGIL Charles Taylor(The President of Liberia)Chebaa farms area Chechnya(Chechen)Chevron Texaco,谢夫隆－德士古（石油）公司 Chile Chosun，韩国一报纸名
Christina Rocca, assistant secretary of state Clark Randt(U.S.Ambassador to China)Colin Powell Colombia Condoleezza Rice(National Security Advisor)Congo Costa Rica Crowfort, Texas Cyber-Cyprus, Cypriot Czech Republic Dalai Lama Dallas, Texas Damascus Daniel Pearl(a reporter’s name)Dari(Afghanistan major Language)Dennis Hastert，美众院发言人 Dessau, 德国城市名
Devlet Bahcel, 土耳其副总理 Dhaka Dick Cheney Didier Ratsiraka(Madagascar’s president)Diffa, 尼日尔城镇
Djerba(Tunisia island)Djibouti Donald Evans,American Commerce Secretary Donald Rumsfeld Dough Johnson ,Dow Johnson(VOA)Dow-Jones Industrial average,.道琼斯工业指数 Dresden，德累斯顿(德国Saxony邦首府)East Timor Ecuador Eduardo Duhalde(Argentine President)Eduard Shevardnadze(Georgian President)Egyptian Elbe River，易北河(流经中欧)El Nino El Salvador Elvis Presley 著名摇滚歌手（美）Enron(company America)Erfurt* Eritrea Ernie Els,南非职业高尔夫球选手 ETA ,.巴斯克分裂主义者运动组织 Ethiopia Farq Fatah-Tanzim movement of Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat Faustine Kowalska, 波兰女圣徒 Fidel Castro Filipinos Florence Frankfurt法兰克福
Frida, 电影名，描写的是墨西哥人Firda Kahlo的故事 Gale Norton(Interior Secretary)Ganges* Gardez 阿富汗地名 Paktia省会 Gaza Geidar Aliev, Azeri President Geneva Conventions Geoff Hoon Georgia State George Fernandes, Indian Defense Minister George Tenet(CIA chief)Georgetown University，乔治敦大学（美）Georgia Gerhard Schroeder, German chancellor Ghanaian Gladys Kessler，美联邦法官 Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo Goh Chok Tong , 新加坡总理 Golan Heights Gonaives, 海地城镇名
Gonzalo Sanchez de Lozada 玻利维亚总统 Grozny, 车臣首都 Guatemala Guantanamo Bay, Cuba Gujarat(Indian State)Gultari area，巴控克什米尔一地区 Haifa(Israeli city)Hague hajj/haji/haj(Mecca)Haji Abdul Qadir, 阿富汗已故副总统 Hama Amadou 尼日尔总理
Hamas(the Islamic militant group)Hamburg, 汉堡，德国城市 Hamid Karzai Hanoi Hawaii Harare哈拉雷,津国首都
Hebrew University，希伯来大学 Hebron Helen Clark, 新西兰总理 Herat province，阿富汗省名 Hermon aera(Golan Height)Hezbollah Hilversum city(Dutch)Hima* ethnic group Hindu Kush mountains Hiroshima Hollywood Hosni Mubarak Hubble Space Telescope Hugo Chavez(Venezuelan President)Hungary Hun Sen Hurriyat，印控克什米尔一分离组织名称
Hutomo Mandala Putra，“Tommy Soeharto”印尼前总统之子 Hutu(Rwandan)Hyderabad, Pakistani city Igor Ivanov, Russian Foreign Minister Inamul Haq,.巴基斯坦外交部长Pakistani Foreign Minister Inchon Ingushetia，Republic of（俄）Interfax News Agency(Russia's)Iraq Isaias Rodriguez(Venezuelan Attorney General)Islamabad Ismail Khan，Herat 省长（阿富汗）Israeli Itar-Tass Jack Strow(Zimbabwe foreign minister)Jakarta Jacques Chirac(French President)Jakarta ,Djakarta Jalalabad James Traficant, 美一（被开除的）众议员 Jammu Jaswant Singh(Indian Foreign Minister)Jean-Bertrand Aristide，海地总统 Jean-Marie Le Pen Jean-Pierre Raffarin Jenin Jericho*, West Bank Jerusalem Jidda(h)Jihad Jimmy Carter Jim Tedder John Ashcroft(Attorney General)John Bolton, 美国副国务卿
John Howard, Austrilan Prime Minister Jonas Savimbi(UNITA)Jordan Jose Maria Aznar 西班牙总理
Joseph Biden , 外交委员会主席（美参院）Joseph Kabila ,Congo president Juan Carlos 西班牙国王 Julie Taymor, 著名美国导演
Junichiro Koizumi(Japanese Prime Minister)Kabul Kabyle area 阿尔及利亚一地区
Kamal Kharrazi ,Iranian Foreign Minister Kampala, 坎帕拉[乌干达首都] Kandahar Kano* ,negirian city Karachi Kashmir Kathmandu Kazakhstan Kazvin(Qazvin)(Iran’s province)Kentucky Derby，（美国）肯塔基赛马会 Kenyan Kerala，.喀拉拉邦(印度西南部)Kfar Saba(Israeli town)Khaleda Zia, 孟加拉总理 Khan Yunis* refugee camp Kim Chong-il(North Korean leader)Kim Dae-jung(South Korean leader)Kinshasa* Kinya kirghizia Kodori Gorge area of the northwestern part of Georgia.Koffi Annan Kos, Island of-, 科斯岛(希腊岛屿)Kosovo Krakow，克拉科夫(波兰城市)Krishna Kant，印度副总统
K.R.Narayanan, 印度总统(即将退位)Kuala Lumpur Kunar，阿富汗一省名
Kupwara district, 克什米尔一地区 Kursk，库尔斯克号潜艇（俄）Kuwait Kyoto Climate Control Treaty Kyrgyzstan Laghman，阿富汗一省名 Lebanese Lebanon Lahore(Parkistan’s city)Las Veigas, 拉斯维加斯，在内华达州 Laos Laurent Gbagbo 象牙海岸总统 Laurent Kabila，刚果总统 Lendu ethnic group Leonid D.Kuchma,乌克兰总统 Lesotho Liberia Likud party(Israeli party)Lima Lionel Jospin(French Prime Minister,)Lithuania Libya Lockerbie，洛克比，苏格兰一地名 Logar，阿富汗一省名
Lord's Resistance Army , 乌干达反叛组织 Louisiana，路易斯安那,(美国南部的州名)loya jirga Luxor(Egyptian city)Lviv, 乌克兰城市名 Madagascar Magbeburg, 德国城市名
Mahathir Mohamad,(Malaysian)Makiko Tanaka, 日本前外相（女）Makwanpar，尼泊尔一地区名 Malawi Malaysian Maluku, 马鲁古群岛(印尼)Mamadou Tandja , 尼日尔总统 Manama(Bahrain's capital)Mandalay(Burmese city p265)Manil(l)a Maputo ,the capital of Mozambique Maracay ,Venezualan city Marc Ravalomanana(Madagascar)Marseille* Marwan Jamil Al-Muasher, 约旦外长 Mary Tillotson(VOA)Marza-e Sharif Mastoi，巴基斯坦一部族 Mauritania Mecca Meerwala, 巴基斯坦城镇名
Megawati Sukarnoputri, Indonesian president Meghna River Meir Shitreet,以色列司法部长Israeli Justice minister Mercosur trade group，南美贸易组织 Messina, 墨西拿an Italian town Michael Melchior, Israeli deputy Foreign Minister * Michiko(Japanese Empress)Mike O'Brien, 英国外交部长 Mikle Spike Milan Mindanao Moammar Gadhafi, 利比亚总统卡扎菲 Mogadishu, the capital of Somali Mohammad Fahim(Afghan Defense Minister)Mohammad Khatami(the president of Iran)Mohammad Zahir Shah(Afghan FORMer King)Monrovia, Liberian capital Montenegro Monterrey, Mexico Morgan Tsvangirai Moroccan Morocco Moshe Katzav, Israeli President Mountain Konggang Mozambique Mullah Mohammad Omar Murree, 巴基斯坦城镇名
Nabil Shaath ,巴勒斯坦国际合作部部长 Nablus Nagasaki.Nahrin area northeast of Kabul.Nairobi Napoleon Bonaparte Naji Sabri 伊拉克外交部长
Nasdaq composite index, 纳斯达克综合指数 Nauru,瑙鲁(岛)[西太平洋岛国](在赤道附近)Nazi Nepal Nepalese Netherlands Nevada，内华达州（美）New Delhi* Newport Folk Festival，新港民族节? Niamey, 尼亚美[尼日尔首都] Nicaragua Niger, 尼日尔(非洲中西部国家)Nigeria Ninja group Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, 南非外长 Norouz，依朗一报纸名 Norwegian Nursultan Nazarbayev, Kazakhstan’s Oakland University, 美国奥克兰大学 Olusegun Obasanjo(Nigerian President)Omar Hassan al-Bashir,苏丹总统Sudanese President Orthodox church Osama bin Laden Otto Schily, German Interior Minister Paek Nam Sun ,（北）朝鲜外长 Paktia 阿富汗省名 Palestinian Pan Am 泛美航空公司（美国）Panama Pankisi Gorge area，乔治亚（前苏联）一地区 Papua New Guinea Paraguay Pashtun Pastrana Paul Wolfowitz(Deputy Defense Secretary)Pedro Carmona(Venezuela temporary government head)Persian Peruvian Pervez Musharraf(Pakistan president)Peshawar*(Pakistani city)Philippine Philip Ruddock, Immigration Minister Pim Fortuyn, Dutch politician Portugal Portugese Prague Presovo valley, 塞尔维亚地名
Price Saudi Al Faisal(Saudi Foreign Minister)Pulitzer Prizes Punjab state(Pakistan)Putrajaya the new Malaysian capital? Pyongyang Qalqilya Quds University, 巴勒斯坦一大学
Radovan Karadzic，前波斯尼亚－塞尔维亚领导人 Rafah Rajiv Gandhi Rajouri，印控克什米尔一地区名
Rally of the Republicans Party, 象牙海岸反对党 Ramallah Rangoon Ranil Wickremasinghe，斯里兰卡总理 Rawalpindi* Rene Harris,瑙鲁总统Nauru's President Reuters Richard Armitage(US)Richard Rael reporting.Richter Scale Riyadh* Robert Coin(VOA)Robert Mueller(FBI)Robert Mugabe(Zimbabwe president)Rotterdam* Rowan Williams，新被任命的坎特伯雷大主教 Russia Rwanda Saadoun Hammadi 伊拉克议会发言人
Saeb Erekat, 巴勒斯坦谈判代表Palestinian negotiator Saddam Hussein Saint Kitts and Nevis Salam Faiad, 巴勒斯坦财政部长 Salfit, 巴勒斯坦城镇名
Sami Al-Arian, 南佛罗里达州大学一教授 Sanaa Santa Pola, 西班牙地名 Sao Paulo* Sarajevo Saud al-Faisal 沙特外长 Saudi Arabia Scott Speicher , Commander Senegal Serbian Sergio Vieira de Mello, 新任命的联合国人权专员 Seville(Spanish city)Shah-e-Kot area Sher Bahadur Deuba(Nepal)Shas;the United Torah Judaism party Shiite Shimon Peres, Israeli foreign minister Shindand，阿富汗一空军基地 Siberia Sidon Sierra Leone Simmon Peres(Israeli foreign minister)Sinpo, 新浦(朝鲜港市)Slobodan Milosevic Soeharto，印尼前总统苏哈托 Sohag province(Egyptian)Somali*, Somalia Soudan, Sudan South Carolina South Korea Soyuz rocket, Russian Srebrenica* town Sri Lankan Srinagar Steve Ember(VOA)Stockholm St.Petersburg Strasbourg(French city)Sudan, Sudanese Sunni Surabaya*,Indonesian city Swaziland Sweden Swiss Switzerland Syria Tadzhikistan Tajik，塔吉克人 Taliban Tal Aviv Tamil Tanta(Egypt)Tanzania Tasman Sea,塔斯曼海Australia's east coast Teh(e)ran* Tel Aviv* Tennessee Texas Thailand Thabo Mbeki(South African President)Thaksin Shinawatra, Thai Prime Minister Tiam, 苏丹城镇名
Tiaret area west of Algiers Tom Ridge(USA homeland security)Tomy Franks(United States central command chief)Tony Blair Toumani Toure, 马里总统
Tran Duc Luong，越南主席陈德良 Tripoli, 的黎波里（利比亚首都）Tsfat, 以色列城镇名
Tsutomu Takebe，日本农业大臣 Tubas(West Bank town)Tulkarm(Palestinian twon)Tunisia Tutsi(Rwandan minority)Ugandan UNITA UNITO Uruguay Uzbekistan Vaclav Havel, 捷克总统 VALENCIA* Vatican City Velupillai Prabhakaran(Tamil Tiger rebels)Venezuela Venice Verona(an Italian city)Vienna Vietnam Vietnamese Viktor Yushchenko(Ukraine prime minister)Virginia Vladimir Putin Vladimir Ustinov, 俄检查总长
Vladivostok,符拉迪沃斯托克(中国传统称海参崴）Volodymyr Shkidchenko 乌克兰国防部长 Volodymyr Strelnykov, 乌克兰空军司令 Wafa, 沙特一人权组织
War Emblem，一匹著名赛马的名字 Westminster Hall Wim Kok, Dutch Prime Minister Windsor Castle Xanana Gusmao, East Timor Yangyang 韩国城市 Yasser Arafat Yoriko Kawaguchi(Japanese Foreign minister)Yoweri Museveni , 乌干达总统 Yugoslavia Yunis Qanuni(Afghan interior minister)Zahir Shah, king of Afghanistan Zambia Zimbabwe Zamboanga, 菲律宾城市名 Agent Orange 橘剂
Albanian 阿尔巴尼亚人
Algeria 阿尔及利亚
Algiers 阿尔及尔（阿尔及利亚首都）
OPEC=Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries 石油输出国组织
Amman 安曼（约旦王国首都）
Angola 安哥拉
Ankara 安卡拉（土耳其首都）
Ashkhabad 阿什哈巴德（土库曼斯坦共和国 Turkmenistan首都）
Atlanta, 亚特兰大，Georgia佐治亚洲首府
Bagdad 巴格达（伊拉克首都）
Bahrain 巴林（国名，位于阿拉伯半岛）Bangkok 曼谷（泰国首都）
Bangladesh 孟加拉共和国
Belgrade 贝尔格莱德（前南斯拉夫首都）
Belize 伯利兹（一中美洲国家）
Beirut 贝鲁特（黎巴嫩首都）
Bethlehem 伯利恒（耶稣诞生地）
Bolivia 玻利维亚
Brazzaville 布拉柴维尔（刚果首都）
Brooklyn bridge 布鲁克林（纽约西南部工业区）桥
Brussels 布鲁塞尔（比利时首都）
Buenos Aires 布宜诺斯艾利斯（阿根廷首都）
Bulgaria 保加利亚 Burma 缅甸
Byelorussia 白俄罗斯
Cairo 开罗
Cambodia 柬埔寨
Cameroon 喀麦隆
Caracas 加拉加斯（委内瑞拉首都）
Caribbean Sea 加勒比海
Caspian Sea 里海
Chile 智利
Colombia 哥伦比亚
Congo 刚果
Costa Rica 哥斯达黎加 Cyber-电脑的，自动控制的
Cyprus 塞浦路斯
Czech Republic 捷克共和国
Dalai Lama **喇嘛
Dallas, 达拉斯 Texas德州城市
Damascus 大马士革（叙利亚首都）
Djibouti 吉布提（东非一个共和国及其首都）
East Timor 东帝汶
Ecuador 厄瓜多尔
El Nino 厄尔尼诺
El Salvador 萨尔瓦多（中美洲一共和国）
Eritrea 厄立特里亚省 Ethiopia（埃塞俄比亚一省）Ganges 恒河
Golan Heights 戈兰高地
Guatemala 危地马拉
Hague 海牙（荷兰行政中心）Hamburg 汉堡（德国城市）
Hanoi 河内（越南首都）
Hawaii 夏威夷
Hiroshima 广岛（日本)
Hollywood 好莱坞
Hungary 匈牙利
Iraq 伊拉克
Islamabad 伊斯兰堡（巴基斯坦首都）
Jakarta 雅加达（印尼首都）
Jerusalem 耶路撒冷
Kabul 喀布尔（阿富汗首都）
Karachi 卡拉奇（巴基斯坦）
Kashmir 克什米尔
Kazakhstan 哈萨克斯坦
Kinshasa 金沙萨（扎伊尔共和国首都）
kirghizia 吉尔吉斯斯坦
Kuala Lumpur 吉隆坡（马来西亚首都）
Kuwait 科威特
Lebanon 黎巴嫩
Laos 老挝
Lesotho 莱索托
Liberia 利比里亚
Likud 利库德集团
Lima 利马（秘鲁首都）
Lithuania 立陶宛
Libya 利比亚
Madagascar 马达加斯加
Malawi 马拉维
Manama 马纳马（巴林首都）
Manila 马尼拉（菲律宾首都）
Mauritania 毛里塔尼亚
Mecca 麦加
Milan 米兰
Monrovia 蒙罗维亚（利比亚首都）
Montenegro 黑山共和国
Morocco 摩洛哥
Mozambique 莫桑比克
Nagasaki 长崎
Nairobi 内罗毕（肯尼亚共和国首都）
Napoleon Bonaparte 拿破仑 波拿巴
Nauru 瑙鲁（太平洋岛国）
Nazi 纳粹（复数）
Nepal 尼泊尔
Netherlands 荷兰
Nicaragua 尼加拉瓜
Nigeria 尼日利亚
Ninja 忍着
Panama 巴拿马
Papua New Guinea 巴布亚新几内亚
Paraguay 巴拉圭
Portugal 葡萄牙
Prague 布拉格
Pulitzer Prizes 普利策奖
Pyongyang平壤
Rangoon 仰光
Reuters 路透社
Richter Scale 李氏地震分等标准
Riyadh 利雅得（沙特首都）
Rotterdam 鹿特丹
Rwanda 卢旺达
Sarajevo 萨拉热窝
Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯
Senegal 塞内加尔
Shiite 什叶派教徒
Siberia 西伯利亚
Sierra Leone 塞拉利昂
Sri Lanka 斯里兰卡
Stockholm 斯德哥尔摩
Sudan 苏丹
Swaziland 史瓦济兰（东非国家）
Sweden 瑞典
Switzerland 瑞士
Syria 叙利亚
Tadzhikistan 塔吉克斯坦
Tanzania 坦桑尼亚
Tennessee 田纳西
Thailand 泰国
Tunisia 突尼斯
Ugandan 乌干达
Uruguay 乌拉圭
VALENCIA 巴伦西亚（西班牙城市）
Vatican City 梵蒂冈城
Venezuela 委内瑞拉
Venice 威尼斯
Vienna 维也纳
Vietnam 越南
Virginia 弗吉尼亚
Yugoslavia 南斯拉夫
Zambia 赞比亚
Zimbabwe 津巴布韦
第三篇：voa名词集合
voa名词集合，建议看一下，新闻听力会有用的（都在voa中摘录）
United Nations Secretary General Kofi Annan联合国秘书长 安南
General Assembly:联合国大会
Security Council:安理会
The chief U.N.weapons inspectors Hans Blix 联合国对伊武器核查负责人 汉斯 布里克斯 The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries =OPEC
石油输出国家组织
International Atomic Energy Agency=IAEA
国际原子能组织
North Atlantic Treaty Organization=NATO
北大西洋公约组织
International Monetary Fund=IMF
国际货币基金组织
China
Inner Mongolia 内蒙古
Lhasa 拉萨
Tibet西藏Tibetan
Uigur维吾尔人
Cantonese广东人
Hakka 客家人
The United States
President Bush总统布什
Secretary of State Colin Powell国务卿鲍威尔
vice President Dick Cheney副总统切尼
Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld国防部长拉姆斯菲尔德
National Security adviser Condoleezza Rice国家安全顾问赖斯
The Dow-Jones industrial average 道琼斯工业指数
The Nasdaq composite stock index 纳斯达克
the Senete 参议院
the House of Representative 众议院
Federal Bureau of Investigation联邦调查局
Central Intelligence Agency美国中央情报局
American Assistant Secretary of State for East Asia James Kelly美国负责东亚事务助理国务卿凯利
British Prime Minister Tony Blair 英国首相布莱尔
British Foreign Secretary Jack Straw 外交大臣
Palestine
Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat阿拉法特
Jerusalem耶路撒冷
Jenin杰宁
Ramallah拉马拉
Nablus纳布卢斯
Bethlehem伯利恒
Hamas哈马斯抵抗运动
Islamic Jihad吉哈德-伊斯兰圣战组织
Fatah Movement 法塔赫运动
Israel
Prime Minister Ariel Sharon沙龙
Foreign Minister Benjamin Netanyahu 本杰明 内坦尼亚胡
Former Foreign Minister Shimon Peres佩雷斯
Likud Party 利库德集团
the newly elected head of Labor Party,Amram Mitzna阿姆兰·米茨纳 Tel aviv 特拉维夫
Iraq伊拉克，Baghdad巴格达
President Saddam Hussein总统萨达姆 候赛因
Foreign Minister Naji Sabri 外长纳吉 萨布里
Afghanistan（Afghan人）
Kabul喀布尔
President Hamid Karzai 卡尔扎伊
Foreign minister Abdullah 阿布杜拉
Al-QaedaAl-Qaida 基地组织
Osama Bin Landen奥萨马 本 拉登
Taliban 塔利班 Mullah Omar 奥马尔
Kandahar坎大哈
Jalalabad贾拉拉巴德
North Korea
Pyongyang平壤，president Kim Jong-il金正日
North Korea's honorary head of state Kim Yong-Nam 金永南
South Korea
Seoul汉城
President-elect Roh Moo-hyun卢武铉
president Kim Dae-jung金大中
Millennium Democratic Party 新千年党
Grand National Party 大国民党
Sri Lanka斯里兰卡
Colombo科伦坡
Tamil Tiger：泰米尔猛虎组织
Zimbabwe
President Robert Mugabe穆加贝
The Czech Public
Prague,布拉格
President Alexander Lukashenko
Russia
President Vladimir Putin普京
Foreign Minister Igor Ivanov伊万诺夫
Ukraine
President Leonid Kuchma库奇马
Chechnya 车臣
Chechen
India
New Delhi新德里，Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee瓦杰帕伊
Indian Kashmir印控克什米尔地区
Pakistan
Islamabad伊斯兰堡
President Pervez Musharraf穆沙拉夫
Ecuador厄瓜多尔
Venezuela委内瑞拉
President Hugo Charves
Iran
Teheran德黑兰
President Mohammad Khatami 穆罕默德 哈梅内伊Egypt
Cairo开罗，President Hosni Mubarak穆巴拉克
Oman阿曼
Qatar卡塔尔
Al-Jazeera station 半岛电视台
Yemen 也门
Yemeni也门人
Aden亚丁(也门人民共和国首都,临亚丁湾the Gulf of Aden）Kuwait科威特
Foreign Minister Sheikh Sabah al-Ahmad al-Sabah 外长 Algeria阿尔及利亚(北非国家)
Libya利比亚北非国家）
Ethiopia埃塞俄比亚(非洲东部国家)
Cuba 古巴
Cuban dissident Asfao Daopaya 古巴一持不同政见领袖 the Solomon Islands 所罗门群岛
Honiara霍尼亚拉[所罗门群岛首都]
Baltic States 波罗的海诸国
Lithuania立陶宛
President Valdas Adamkus总统瓦尔达斯·阿达姆库斯 Vilnius维尔纽斯[立陶宛共和国首都]
Latvia拉脱维亚
Estonia爱沙尼亚
NBA球队一览表 提供：lf3721
东部联盟 Eastern Conference
大西洋赛区
1.Boston Celtics 波士顿凯尔特人
2.Miami Heat迈阿密热火
3.New Jersy Nets新泽西网
4.New York Knicks纽约尼克斯
5.Orlando Magic 奥兰多魔术
6.Philadelphia 76ers费城76人
7.Washington Wizards华盛顿奇才 中部赛区
8.Atlanta Hawks亚特兰大老鹰
9.New Orleans Hornets新奥尔良黄蜂
10.Chicago Bulls芝加哥公牛
11.Cleveland Cavaliers克里夫兰骑士
12.Detroit Pistons 底特律活塞
13.Indiana Pacers印第安纳步行者
14.Toronto Raptors多伦多猛龙
15.Milwaukee Bucks密尔沃基雄鹿 西部联盟 Western Conference
中西部赛区
16.Dallas Mavericks达拉斯小牛
17.Denver Nuggets丹佛掘金
18.Houston Rockets休斯敦火箭
19.Minnesota Timberwolves明尼苏达森林狼
20.San Antonio Spurs圣安东尼奥马刺
21.Utah Jazz犹他爵士
22.Memphis Grizzlies孟菲斯灰熊 太平洋赛区
23.Golden State Warriors金州勇士
24.L.A.Clippers洛杉矶快船
25.L.A.Lakers洛杉矶湖人
26.Phoenix Suns菲尼克斯太阳
27.Portland Trail Blazers波特兰开拓者
28.Sacremento Kings萨克拉门托国王
29.Seattle Supersonics西雅图超音速
第四篇：VOA短文汇总
A-Community-Helps-Burmese-Refugees-Learn-English This is the VOA Special English Education Report.About eighteen thousand refugees from Burma have come to the United States each year since two thousand seven.Some have settled in Howard County, Maryland, between Baltimore and Washington.A local school began teaching English to the children of the refugees.But while the children learned the language, their parents did not.That makes communication with teachers difficult.Burmese children in class in Howard County, MarylandCurrently almost fifty Burmese youngsters attend Bollman Bridge Elementary School.Laurel Conran is a teacher there.LAUREL CONRAN: “The main idea is the global idea.” She teaches English to speakers of other languages.LAUREL CONRAN: “Today we were doing text structures.I wanted them to know the vocabulary, the language of text structures, so when they go back into the classroom and work with their peers, they can do this successfully in the classroom.” One of her students is Tha Neih Ciang.Another student is Tha Neih's mother, Tin Iang.Ms.Conran practices English with Tin Iang at the mother's workplace.Many Burmese refugees work at Coastal Sunbelt Produce, a supplier of fruits and vegetables to restaurants and other businesses.Laurel Conran started classes at the company to help refugees from the country also known as Myanmar learn English.LAUREL CONRAN: “The program is a six-week session.It's once a week, on every Wednesday, from twelve to one o'clock.So every Wednesday I go to Coastal Sunbelt.” As the Burmese workers eat lunch, they also practice their new language skills.They sit in small groups with an English-speaking volunteer.Lisa Chertok has a child at Bollman Bridge.She is also a manager at Coastal Sunbelt.She helped Ms.Conran develop the lessons, which she says have really helped.LISA CHERTOK: “Well, when the Burmese employees got here, they were very, very shy.Now I find that they are more responsive as employees.They're more communicative.They're also, as parents, they are more involved in their children's school.” Jonathan Davis is the principal of Bollman Bridge Elementary School.JONATHAN DAVIS: “I really see it as the beginning of a great partnership between a business and a school, and we've just begun to scratch the surface with how that could benefit, really, the greater community.” Mr.Davis hopes the lessons will help Burmese parents feel better about communicating with the school.JONATHAN DAVIS: “Even as simply as making a phone call to say that their son or daughter is sick, even if that's the amount of English that they have gotten from the program, that truly will help us.” SPEAKER: “Please welcome Laurel Conran and Lisa Chertok.” For their work, the two women received a Community Builders Award from Howard County.LAUREL CONRAN: “I love this program.As a community we want to work together, collaboratively, because when everybody works together it is a win-win situation.” And that's the VOA Special English Education Report.You can read, listen and learn English and much more with our programs and activities at tingvoa.com.You can watch a video about the Howard County program on our website.And you can find captioned videos at the VOA Learning English channel on YouTube.I'm Steve Ember.Contributing: June Soh
Death-in-the-Family-May-Cause-Real-Heart-Break SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: This is SCIENCE IN THE NEWS, in VOA Special English.I'm SHIRLEY Griffith.MARIO RITTER: And I'm Mario Ritter.Today, we tell about an American study of heart attack survivors.We tell about a scientist recognized for his work in plate tectonics.And we tell how modern-day musicians rated some of the most famous instruments ever made.(MUSIC)SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: Learning about the death of a loved one can be among life's most stressful events.A recent study showed that the risk of heart attack increases in the days and hours after getting news of such a death.Researchers studied nearly two thousand heart attack survivors.The subjects were asked whether someone close to them had died in the six months before their heart attack.Elizabeth Mostofsky is with Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, Massachusetts.ELIZABETH MOSTOFSKY: “We found that the risk of having a heart attack was twenty-one times higher in the day following the loss of a loved one, compared to other times.And that risk remained elevated in the subsequent days and weeks.” MARIO RITTER: Elizabeth Mostofsky says earlier research explored the risk of dying from any cause over a year or more after the death of a husband, wife or child.The earlier research did not include the death of other close family members or friends.Ms.Mostofsky and her team studied information from the days immediately after receiving the news.She says several things could explain why the intense feelings after the death of a loved one could lead to a heart attack.ELIZABETH MOSTOFSKY: “Grief causes feeling of depression, anger, and anxiety, and several studies have shown that these emotions can cause increased heart rate, higher blood pressure, and blood clotting.And those in turn, can increase the chances of having a heart attack.SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: Ms.Mostofsky says the family and friends of those mourning for a loved one should know about the increased risk of heart attack.ELIZABETH MOSTOFSKY: ”People should be making sure that the bereaved person is taking care of himself or herself, including taking regular medications, because they are at that heightened level of vulnerability at this time in their life.“ Her research paper was published in ”Circulation,“ the journal of the American Heart Association.(MUSIC)MARIO RITTER: A few weeks ago, we talked about the science of plate tectonics.Plate tectonics explains why the Earth's surface moves.It also tells how?those changes cause earthquakes and volcanic activity.?Today, we tell about a scientist who helped prove the theory of continental drift.Walter C.Pitman, the third, is an adjunct professor of geophysics at Columbia University.Now in his eighties, he works at Columbia's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory in Palisades, New York.SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: When Walter Pitman was a teenager, he enjoyed visiting his father's workplace at Bell Labs research center.He remembers asking the researchers about their work.WALTER PITMAN: ”I worked there in the summertime sweeping floors but I was in amongst all these people.It was wonderful.“ Walter PitmanWalter Pitman studied electrical engineering and physics in college.He then went to work for an electronics company.He was not excited about the work, until one project – doing research on submarines – fueled a love for oceanography.Mister Pitman returned to school.For his doctoral studies, he went back to sea on a research vessel.He hoped to gather evidence that all the continents had once been joined.He thought they had been moving apart on large plates for hundreds of millions of years.MARIO RITTER: Walter Pitman helped prove the idea that Earth's continents move.He did this by recording and studying magnetic patterns at the bottom of the ocean.WALTER PITMAN: ”It was electrifying.I didn't imagine ever being involved in anything so astonishing and so very, very important to the geologic sciences at such a young age in my career.I was very fortunate to be there when it all happened.“ The science of plate tectonics explains how the continents move around the oceans.It also explains how continents can strike each other and break apart, creating earthquakes and mountain chains.SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: Later, Mr.Pitman turned his attention to the surface of the ocean, and sea level changes.He and William Ryan, another Columbia University geophysicist, proposed what is known as the Black Sea Deluge Theory.They suggested that the Black Sea was once a landlocked freshwater lake.Then about seven thousand five hundred years ago, melting ice from glaciers raised water levels in the Mediterranean Sea.WALTER PITMAN: ”You're talking about a huge mass of water coming in to fill a very small basin.And that water as it would come through the Bosporus is going to cut the Bosporus deeper.The deeper it cuts, the faster it flows.The faster it flows, the faster it cuts.There is a feedback mechanism.So soon you start with a trickle and within a very short period of time, it's a roaring, raging flume of water and we're very sure that's what it(the Biblical flood)was, you know.“ MARIO RITTER: Mr.Pitman and other researchers are currently studying the climate of the Arctic Ocean.And they are exploring its effects on water cycles over the past two million years.Their research could help scientists predict the effects of climate change, which is causing sea levels to rise.WALTER PITMAN: ”I've had an incredible, incredibly good time at this kind of endeavor.There are bad spots, of course there are bad spots.But the science is always fascinating.You might, you know, stop reading for the day or something like that and say, ‘Wow, that was so great.I learned something about how the Earth works.' That is really pure pleasure.“(MUSIC)SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: This is the sound of the greatest violin ever made.(violin music #1 in full then fade gently out completely)Or maybe it is this one.(violin music #2 in full then fade)It could be a Stradivarius, or an Amati, or a Guarneri made hundreds of years ago.But it might also have been made just last year by someone whose name is not nearly so famous.And that leads us to ask the following.Can you tell, just by listening, which is the best violin? If so, what makes it great? MARIO RITTER: It all began over three hundred years ago in the town of Cremona in northern Italy.If you wanted to buy a really good musical instrument, you probably visited Antonio Stradivari, Girolamo Amati, or Andrea Guarneri.Many people said they made the best violins that money could buy.Today, many still think of those violins as the greatest of all time.Those that still exist can sell for millions of dollars.Itzhak Perlman playing a Stradivarius violin from the year 1714For years, scientists and musicians have sought to discover the secrets of the master violin makers.They know that most of the time, spruce, willow or maple wood was used.Some people have thought that chemicals like borax were added to the wooden parts.Others have said that honey, or even the white of an egg was painted on the parts before they were put together.SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: Still other researchers say that a special kind of glue was used to connect the parts.Some think the secret is in the varnish, the nearly clear liquid that was used as a final cover to protect the wood.Or maybe the wood was special because it grew at a time when the weather was colder than it is today.In the end, no one knows for sure.And some people say we should not spend a lot of time thinking about the materials and processes used long ago.They instead think that some modern violins sound just as good and cost a lot less.Claudia Fritz at the University of Paris is one of those people.She led a study that was published in ”The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.“ At a musical competition in Indiana, she asked twenty-one really good violin players to test six different instruments.She did not tell them that only three of the violins were very old and costly.Together, the three were worth about ten million dollars.The other three were made by modern luthiers, or instrument makers, and cost a hundred times less.MARIO RITTER: Ms.Fritz asked each of the players to wear welders' goggles, thick, dark eyeglasses, so they could not see the instruments very well while holding them.She thought that some people might be able to identify an old violin by its smell.So she put a little sweet-smelling perfume on the part of the instrument that fits under a player's chin.The test began in a hotel room.All the subjects in the experiment were permitted to play all six violins, and then say which one they would like to own.Then each player was given only two violins to test.One was very old.The other was modern.They were asked which of the two sounded better.The results of the test led Ms.Fritz to believe that there is no secret to how the old, great violins were made.SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: Of the twenty-one players, only eight chose an old violin as the best.Even a recently made violin was judged to be much better sounding than the world famous Stradivarius.Ms.Fritz says the difference between the old and new instruments is only in the mind of the player.Modern luthiers were happy that she found what they believed.But some professional musicians think the test had little value.One noted that violins are meant to be heard in a concert hall, not a hotel room.MARIO RITTER: Researchers have performed tests like this many times in the past.But Ms.Fritz says those tests asked average listeners to try to predict which violin was made by a master.Her test was given to concert violinists who play at the highest level.They are the ones you would expect to have the best ”ear“ for great sound.There is an old saying that, ”beauty lies in the eye of the beholder.“ If that is true, then perhaps your opinion of how an instrument sounds to your ear is really what matters.SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: This SCIENCE IN THE NEWS was written by Brianna Blake and Jim Tedder.June Simms was our producer.I'm SHIRLEY Griffith.MARIO RITTER: And I'm Mario Ritter.Listen again next week for more news about science in Special English on the Voice of America.A-Goal-for-2012-Learning-English This is the VOA Special English Education Report.这里是美国之音慢速英语教育报道。
Did you make a New Year's resolution? Some of you shared your goals at the VOA Learning English page on Facebook.And, no surprise, many of you said at least one of your goals for twenty-twelve is to speak English better.Daniel Kwon even went so far as to declare: I'm definitely going to try to study English at least an hour a day.你下新年决心了吗？一些听众在美国之音Facebook页面上分享了自己的目标。而且毫无疑问，很多听众都表示，至少2012年的目标之一是把英语说得更好。Daniel Kwon甚至宣布：我一定要试着每天至少学一小时的英语。
Jose Antonio Velarde says: My first resolution is to speak English as fluently as my Spanish.And Tuti Riel says: My New Year's resolution is to be able to speak English and Mandarin fluently, and be a better person.Jose Antonio Velarde说：我的第一个决心是把英语讲得像我的西班牙语一样流利。而Tuti Riel则说：我的新年决心是能讲一口流利的英语和普通话，成为一个更优秀的人。
Juwita Zulmi says she wants to improve her English and get a scholarship to study overseas.Another goal for twenty-twelve: a new boyfriend.Juwita Zulmi表示她想要提高自己的英语水平，并获得一份奖学金去国外留学。另一个2012年的目标是认识一个新男友。
Derly Johanna Barreto has these two resolutions: to speak English fluently and to get a job.Jiseon Kim also has two goals: to lose weight and improve speaking English.And Katie Chekalina has these resolutions: Don't eat meat.I'll take it easy.Then, to learn Spanish or Italian, and find my real love.The last ones will be the most difficult, she thinks.Derly Johanna Barreto有这么两个决心：讲好英语，找到一份好工作。Jiseon Kim也有两个目标：减肥和提高英语口语。而Katie Chekalina有三个决心：不吃肉，这事我会放轻松的。然后，学英语或意大利语，并且找到我的真爱。她认为最后一点将是最困难的。
Rafa Mtz's main goal is finishing high school and getting into a university.Lola Wazqito Oktobrata says: I am going to get married and finish my undergraduate study with good results.And Uma Cherif is ready for the next step this year: a master's degree.Rafa Mtz的主要目标是完成高中学业进入大学。Lola Wazqito Oktobrata说：我将要结婚，也将以好成绩完成本科学业。而Uma Cherif已经为今年的下一步做好了准备：读一个硕士学位。
Handri Permana has this resolution: Be more meaningful before my time's up on earth.And Handri has this advice for others: Have fun seriously in life!Handri Permana的决心如下：活得更有意义。而Handri对他人建议说：开心生活。Dionel Paguirigan has fun playing the video game Defense of the Ancients, or DotA.Dionel says: My New Year's resolution is I want to spend more time on my studying than playing DotA.Dionel Paguirigan喜欢玩视频游戏远古守卫（Defense of the Ancients）。Dionel说：我的新年决心是在学习上花更多时间。
Refky Aditya's resolution is to not be lazy about studying anymore.And Nur Chanifah says: I want to be the best in my national examinations, to be a braver girl, and to take a scholarship abroad.Refky Aditya的决心是在学习上不要在懒惰了。而Nur Chanifah表示：我要在全国统考中做到最好，做一个勇敢的女孩，拿到一份奖学金出国
Sharah Radinka offered this comment: My resolutions are to pass vocational school, get a scholarship and visit Singapore and Malaysia.And Sita Ayudha is thinking of Australia in twenty-twelve: I wish I could have a career abroad in my dreamland of Oz.And let's see, as I'm an optimist, I'm gonna make it real this year, hahaha.Sharah Radinka写下了这样的评论：我的决心是从职业学校毕业，获得奖学金，并到新加坡和马来西亚游览。而Sita Ayudha在2012年正考虑澳大利亚：我希望可以到我的心仪之地澳大利亚工作。我们来看看，因为我是一个乐观主义者，今年我要把它实现，哈哈。
AIDS-Study-Called-2011-Breakthrough
This is the VOA Special English Health Report.这里是美国之音慢速英语健康报道。
The journal Science chose an AIDS study as the twenty-eleven ”Breakthrough of the Year.“ The study found that antiretroviral drugs can greatly lower the risk of spreading HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.It showed that infected people with early treatment were ninety-six percent less likely to infect their partners.《科学》杂志评选一项艾滋病研究作为2011年的“突破”。该研究发现，抗逆转录病毒药物可以极大地降低艾滋病毒传播的风险。这表明，接受早期治疗的感染者感染其性伴侣的几率要低96%。
The study was a clinical trial known as HPTN 052.Myron Cohen led an international team that began the study in two thousand seven and announced the results last May.But Dr.Cohen says the work really began twenty years ago.该研究是一项被称为HPTN 052的临床试验。迈伦·科恩（Myron Cohen）领导的一个国际研究小组于2007年开始了这项研究，并于去年5月宣布了研究结果。科恩表示，这项研究工作真正开始于20年前。
MYRON COHEN: ”We had a strong suspicion based on all the biological studies we had done that when we treat people and lower the concentration of HIV in the blood and secretions, we were rendering them less contagious.But we didn't understand the magnitude of the benefit.It blows a gigantic wind behind the idea that treatment will serve as prevention.“ 科恩：“我们强烈怀疑，基于我们在治疗病人和降低血液及分泌物中艾滋病毒的浓度时所做的所有生物实验，我们降低了它们的传染性。但我们不清楚其受益程度。它让我们突发想象：治疗可以用作预防。”
Dr.Cohen is director of the Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases paid for the study.科恩博士是北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校全球卫生和传染病研究所所长。美国国立过敏和传染病研究所为该研究提供资金。
The study involved heterosexual couples in nine countries in Africa, Asia and the Americas.The results have already had an effect on government policies.Those changes include treating HIV-infected people when their immune systems are still relatively healthy.该研究涉及了生活在非洲、亚洲和美洲9个国家的异性伴侣。研究结果已经影响到政府的政策。这些变化包括在艾滋病病毒感染者的免疫系统仍相对健康时对他们进行治疗。
MYRON COHEN: ”This particular 052 study in the last six months has generated policy changes at the level of the United States and the World Health Organization and UNAIDS.And it's inspired new community-based clinical trials that are just about to be launched that apply the scientific discovery.So when you do a single study and it receives so much recognition, and then seems to inform policy in a dramatic way, you think, OK, this was twenty years well-spent.“ 科恩：“过去6个月，052这一特殊研究已经在美国、世界卫生组织和联合国艾滋病规划署这一层面上产生了政策变化。它也启发了正要推行的应用了科学发现的基于社区的新临床试验。因此当你从事一项单一研究并得到这么多的认可，然后似乎又以一种戏剧性方式影响到政策，你就会认为这20年功夫没白费。”
Dr.Cohen says the study results will be wasted unless they are linked to other areas of HIV treatment and prevention.科恩博士表示，如果不和其它方面的艾滋病病毒治疗和预防相结合，这一研究结果就将被浪费。
MYRON COHEN: ”So the 052 study kind of lends itself to understanding that if we don't know who's positive and negative, there's no benefit.If people aren't linked to care, there's no benefit.If they aren't provided drugs, there's no benefit.If they receive the drugs but don't take the pills, there's no benefit.So this cascade is now the focus of our attention.“ 科恩：“052研究有点儿便于理解，如果我们不知道谁是阴性和阳性，如果人们不与治疗挂钩，如果不给他们提供药物，如果他们得到了药物却不吃，都不会从中受益。所以这一系列问题是我们现在关注的焦点。”
AIDS activist Mitchell Warren was among those who welcomed the results.艾滋病活动家米切尔·沃伦（Mitchell Warren）是欢迎这一研究结果的人士之一。MITCHELL WARREN: ”Treatment is prevention.And that becomes a fundamentally different conversation because for many years debates have waged whether we should do treatment or prevention.And the results of the HPTN 052 study actually affirm once and for all that treatment is prevention.“ 沃伦：“治疗就是预防，这成为了一种本质不同的对话。因为多年来一直辩论我们是否应该进行治疗和预防。HPTN 052研究的结果实际上彻底肯定了治疗就是预防。”
Science also recognized nine other scientific developments last year.You can find the list at tingvoa.com.They include progress on a malaria vaccine and research on the DNA of our ancient ancestors.They also include a study of cells that have stopped dividing.It found that clearing them from the bodies of mice can delay some of the effects of aging.《科学》杂志还表扬了去年的另9项科技发展。你可以在tingvoa.com网站上找到该名单。这其中包括疟疾疫苗以及我们远古祖先的DNA研究的进展。还包括一项已经停止分裂的细胞的研究，该研究发现，从老鼠身体中清除这种细胞后，可以延缓衰老。
Amelia-Earhart-First-Woman-to-Fly-Across-the-Atlantic-Alone MARY TILLOTSON: This is Mary Tillotson.STEVE EMBER: And this is Steve Ember with the VOA Special English program EXPLORATIONS.Today, we tell about Amelia Earhart.She was one of America's first female pilots.(MUSIC)MARY TILLOTSON: Amelia Earhart was born in eighteen ninety-seven in the middle western state of Kansas.She was not a child of her times.Most American girls at the beginning of the twentieth century were taught to sit quietly and speak softly.They were not permitted to play ball or climb trees.Those activities were considered fun for boys.They were considered wrong for girls.Amelia and her younger sister Muriel were lucky.Their parents believed all children needed physical activity to grow healthy and strong.So Amelia and Muriel were very active girls.They rode horses.They played baseball and basketball.They went fishing with their father.Other parents would not let their daughters play with Amelia and Muriel.STEVE EMBER: The Earharts lived in a number of places in America's Middle West when the girls were growing up.The family was living in Chicago, Illinois when Amelia completed high school in nineteen sixteen.Amelia then prepared to enter a university.During a holiday, she visited her sister in Toronto, Canada.World War One had begun by then.And Amelia was shocked by the number of wounded soldiers sent home from the fighting in France.She decided she would be more useful as a nurse than as a student.So she joined the Red Cross.MARY TILLOTSON: Amelia Earhart first became interested in flying while living in Toronto.She talked with many pilots who were treated at the soldiers' hospital.She also spent time watching planes at a nearby military airfield.Flying seemed exciting.But the machinery – the plane itself – was exciting, too.After World War One ended, Amelia spent a year recovering from the disease pneumonia.She read poetry and went on long walks.She learned to play the banjo.And she went to school to learn about engines.When she was healthy again, she entered Columbia University in New York City.She studied medicine.After a year she went to California to visit her parents.During that trip, she took her first ride in an airplane.And when the plane landed, Amelia Earhart had a new goal in life.She would learn to fly.(MUSIC)STEVE EMBER: One of the world's first female pilots, Neta Snook, taught Amelia to fly.It did not take long for Amelia to make her first flight by herself.She received her official pilot's license in nineteen twenty.Then she wanted a plane of her own.She earned most of the money to buy it by working for a telephone company.Her first plane had two sets of wings, a bi-plane.On June seventeenth, nineteen twenty-eight, the plane left the eastern province of Newfoundland, Canada.The pilot and engine expert were men.The passenger was Amelia Earhart.The planed landed in Wales twenty hours and forty minutes later.For the first time, a woman had crossed the Atlantic Ocean by air.MARY TILLOTSON: Amelia did not feel very important, because she had not flown the plane.Yet the public did not care.People on both sides of the Atlantic were excited by the tall brave girl with short hair and gray eyes.They organized parties and parades in her honor.Suddenly, she was famous.Amelia Earhart had become the first lady of the air.She wrote a book about the flight.She made speeches about flying.And she continued to fly by herself across the United States and back.STEVE EMBER: Flying was a new and exciting activity in the early nineteen twenties.Pilots tested and demonstrated their skills in air shows.Amelia soon began taking part in these shows.She crashed one time in a field of cabbage plants.The accident did not stop her from flying.But she said it did decrease her desire to eat cabbages.Flying was fun, but costly.Amelia could not continue.She sold her bi-plane, bought a car and left California.She moved across the country to the city of Boston, Massachusetts.She taught English to immigrants and then became a social worker.MARY TILLOTSON: In the last years of the nineteen twenties, hundreds of record flights were made.A few were made by women.But no woman had flown across the Atlantic Ocean.A wealthy American woman, Amy Guest, bought a plane to do this.However, her family opposed the idea.So she looked for another woman to take her place.Friends proposed Amelia Earhart.STEVE EMBER: American publisher George Putnam had helped organize the Atlantic Ocean flight that made Amelia famous.Afterwards, he continued to support her flying activities.In nineteen thirty-one, George and Amelia were married.He helped provide financial support for her record flights.On May twentieth, nineteen thirty-two, Amelia took off from Newfoundland.She headed east in a small red and gold plane.Amelia had problems with ice on the wings, fog from the ocean and instruments that failed.At one point, her plane dropped suddenly nine hundred meters.She regained control.And after fifteen hours she landed in Ireland.She had become the first woman to fly across the Atlantic Ocean alone.(MUSIC)MARY TILLOTSON: In the next few years, Amelia Earhart set more records and received more honors.She was the first to fly from Hawaii to California, alone.She was the first to fly from Mexico City to New York City, without stopping.Amelia hoped her flights would prove that flying was safe for everyone.She hoped women would have jobs at every level of the industry when flying became a common form of transportation.STEVE EMBER: In nineteen thirty-five, the president of Purdue University in Indiana asked Amelia to do some work there.He wanted her to be an adviser on aircraft design and navigation.He also wanted her to be a special adviser to female students.Purdue University provided Amelia with a new all-metal, two-engine plane.It had so many instruments she called it the ”Flying Laboratory.“ It was the best airplane in the world at that time.Amelia decided to use this plane to fly around the world.She wanted to go around the equator.It was a distance of forty-three thousand kilometers.No one had attempted to fly that way before.MARY TILLOTSON: Amelia's trip was planned carefully.The goal was not to set a speed record.The goal was to gather information.Crew members would study the effects of height and temperature on themselves and the plane.They would gather small amounts of air from the upper atmosphere.And they would examine the condition of airfields throughout the world Amelia knew the trip would be dangerous.A few days before she left, she gave a small American flag to her friend Jacqueline Cochran, another female pilot.Amelia had carried the flag on all her major flights.Jacqueline did not want to take it until Amelia returned from her flight around the world.”No,“ Amelia told her, ”you had better take it now.“(MUSIC)STEVE EMBER: Amelia and three male crew members were to make the flight.However, a minor accident and weather conditions forced a change in plans.So on June first, nineteen thirty-seven, a silver Lockheed Electra plane left Miami, Florida.It carried pilot Amelia Earhart and just one male crew member, navigator Fred Noonan.Amelia Earhart in front of a map of her proposed trip around he world Amelia and Fred headed south toward the equator.They stopped in Puerto Rico, Surinam and Brazil.They crossed the Atlantic Ocean to Africa, where they stopped in Senegal, Chad, Sudan and Ethiopia.Then they continued on to India, Burma, Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia and Australia.MARY TILLOTSON: When they reached New Guinea, they were about to begin the most difficult part of the trip.They would fly four thousand kilometers to tiny Howland Island in the middle of the Pacific Ocean.Three hours after leaving New Guinea, Amelia sent back a radio message.She said she was on a direct path to Howland Island.Later, Amelia's radio signals were received by a United States Coast Guard ship near the island.The messages began to warn of trouble.Fuel was getting low.They could not find Howland Island.They could not see any land at all.STEVE EMBER: The radio signals got weaker and weaker.A message on the morning of July second was incomplete.Then there was silence.American Navy ships and planes searched the area for fifteen days.They found nothing.Amelia Earhart and Fred Noonan were officially declared ”lost at sea.“(MUSIC)MARY TILLOTSON: This Special English Program was written by Marilyn Rice Christiano.It was produced by Paul Thompson.This is Mary Tillotson.STEVE EMBER: And this is Steve Ember.Join us again next week for another EXPLORATIONS program on the VOICE OF AMERICA.American-History-Life-in-the-1970s-and-80s STEVE EMBER: Welcome to THE MAKING OF A NATION--American history in VOA Special English.I'm Steve Ember.This week in our series, we look back at some of the social issues and cultural changes in America in the nineteen seventies and eighties.(MUSIC)In some ways, the nineteen eighties seemed like the opposite of the nineteen sixties.The sixties were years of protest for social justice and change.Many Americans demonstrated against the Vietnam War.Blacks demonstrated for civil rights.Women demonstrated for equality.Many people welcomed new social programs created by the government.By the nineteen eighties, however, many people seemed more concerned with themselves than with helping society.To them, success was measured mainly by how much money a person made.People wanted to live the good life, and that took money.The changes started to become evident during the nineteen seventies.For a while, these years brought a continuation of the social experiments and struggles of the sixties.But then people began to see signs of what society would be like in the eighties.There were a number of reasons for this change.One reason was the end to America's military involvement in Vietnam after years of war.Another was the progress of civil rights activists and the women's movement toward many of their goals.A third reason was the economy.During the nineteen seventies, the United States suffered a recession.Interest rates and inflation were high.A shortage of imported oil as a result of tensions in the Middle East only added to the problems.As the nineteen seventies went on, many Americans became tired of economic struggle.They also became tired of social struggle.They had been working together for common interests.Now, many wanted to spend more time on their own interests.This change appeared in many parts of society.It affected popular culture, education and politics.ARCHIE BUNKER(CARROLL O'CONNOR): ”Let me hear your idea again.“ MICHAEL(ROB REINER): ”OK, I want us to watch Jack Lemmon and a group of famous scientists discuss pollution and ecology on channel thirteen.“ ARCHIE: ”Good.And I wanna watch football highlights on channel two.Now guess what's gonna happen.“(MUSIC)One of the most popular television programs of that time was a comedy series that often dealt with politics and serious social issues.The show was called ”All in the Family.“ The family was led by a factory worker named Archie Bunker.Carroll O'Connor played Archie, and Jean Stapleton played his wife, Edith.The Bunkers lived in a working-class neighborhood in the Queens borough of New York City.Archie represented the struggles of the blue-collar working man against the social changes in America.He loved his country and was socially conservative--in the extreme.ARCHIE: ”What about John Wayne? And before you say anything, lemme warn you –-when you're talking about the Duke, you ain't just talking about an actor;you're talking about the spirit that made America great.“ MICHAEL: ”Are you kidding?“ His opinions on subjects like race and women's equality were always good for an argument with his liberal daughter and even more liberal son-in-law.MICHAEL: ”Good.I can mail my letter today and it'll get to Washington by Monday.“ EDITH(JEAN STAPLETON): ”Washington--are you writing to Washington? GLORIA(SALLY STRUTHERS): “That's right.Michael wrote the president.” ARCHIE: “Write to the president, about what?” GLORIA: “All the things we've been talking about – the pollution of our air, the pollution of our water, the way us housewives have no protection from foods without nutrition, how they make products with harmful things in them.Like you saw what happened to Michael from that shirt.” ARCHIE: “You, Michael Stivic, Meathead, you have the nerve to write to the president of the United States about your rash?” Edith would always try to make peace.EDITH: “Maybe he knows a good skin man [dermatologist].”(MUSIC: “Happy Days” theme)Another popular program, “Happy Days,” about family life in the nineteen fifties, offered an escape from the social issues of the day.(MUSIC)Music also changed.In the nineteen sixties, folk music was popular.Many of those folk songs were about social problems.But in the nineteen seventies, there was hard rock and punk.TV HOST: “Here is Wonder Mike, Hank and Master G--the Sugarhill Gang.” And in nineteen seventy-nine a group called the Sugarhill Gang brought rap music to national attention with a hit called “Rapper's Delight.”(MUSIC: “Rappers Delight”)In bookstores, the growing number of self-help books offered another sign of social change.These books advised people about ways to make themselves happier.One of the most popular self-help books was “I'm OK--You're OK” by Wayne Dyer.It was published in nineteen sixty-nine and led the way for many other popular psychology books throughout the seventies.(MUSIC)Politically, the United States went through several changes during the nineteen seventies.For most of the sixties the nation was governed by liberal Democratic administrations.Then in nineteen sixty-eight a conservative Republican, Richard Nixon, was elected president.Nixon won a second term four years later, but had to resign in nineteen seventy-four because of the Watergate scandal.Nixon's vice president, Gerald Ford, took his place.Two years later, Ford was defeated by Jimmy Carter, a Democrat who until then was little known nationally.The election showed that Americans were angry with the Republican Party because of Watergate.But they soon became unhappy with President Carter.They blamed him for failing to improve the economy and for failing to end a crisis involving American hostages in Iran.He lost his re-election campaign to Ronald Reagan.RONALD REAGAN: “Are you better off than you were four years ago?”(MUSIC)Michael Douglas in “Wall Street”Reagan, a Republican, won two terms and led the nation during most of the nineteen eighties.For many people, the Reagan years offered a renewed sense of economic opportunity.Reagan reduced taxes, which increased his popularity.But the national debt grew as he raised military spending to put pressure on the Soviet Union.(MUSIC)The self-centeredness of many people in the seventies and eighties gave rise to terms like the “me” generation.“ And there was the rise of ”yuppies“--young urban professionals remaking older neighborhoods in cities, often displacing poorer people.Popular entertainment at that time was often about financial success.ANNOUNCER: ”Premiering Sunday, April second, 'Dallas,' where money buys power and passion breeds conflict...“(MUSIC: ”Dallas“ theme)”Dallas“ was a TV drama about a Texas oil family with more money, and more problems, than they knew what to do with.It became a hit not just in the United States but around the world.Actor Larry Hagman played JR.JR EWING(LARRY HAGMAN): ”Your daddy lacked the killer instinct.He forgave those who transgressed against him.People just weren't afraid of him.And he overlooked ol' JR's golden rules.CASEY(ANDREW STEVENS): “And what might they be?” JR EWING: “Don't forgive and don't forget.And do unto others, before they do unto you.And, most especially, keep your eye on your friends, 'cause your enemies will take care of themselves.Oh, and one other thing – the oil business is a little bit like a poker game.It's good to get caught bluffing early on, 'cause, after that, somebody's gonna call you when you've got a winning hand.”(MUSIC)“Dynasty” was another popular series about rich people behaving badly.One of its stars was veteran actor John Forsythe.BLAKE CARRINGTON(JOHN FORSYTHE): “Those banks are going to find out that they've got more than they can handle.Denver-Carrington [company] is Blake Carrington, and they'll come begging to me to run the company again.I know they will.And I'll make them get down on their knees when they come begging.” There was also “Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous,” a series about real-life wealthy people, hosted by Robin Leach.ROBIN LEACH: “Our bustling capital city combines the chic with the freak, the 'Oh, God' with the avant garde.So let's go 'upper deck' with a couple of my good friends, and run away with the rich and famous...” And at the movie theater, there was the nineteen eighty-seven film “Wall Street.” GORDON GECKO(MICHAEL DOUGLAS): “The point is, ladies and gentlemen, that greed, for lack of a better word, is good.Greed is right.Greed works.” Michael Douglas played a character named Gordon Gecko, who earns his wealth by raiding companies and illegally trading on inside information.President Reagan during a news conference at the White House on March 19, 1987GORDON GECKO(MICHAEL DOUGLAS): “Greed clarifies, cuts through, and captures the essence of the evolutionary spirit.Greed, in all of its forms, greed for life, for money, for love, knowledge, has marked the upward surge of mankind.And greed – you mark my words, will not only save Teldar Paper, but that other malfunctioning corporation called the U.S.A.Thank you very much.[Applause]”(MUSIC: “Rambo” theme)Good triumphed over evil in the “Rambo” action films starring Sylvester Stallone.He played a troubled hero who had fought in Vietnam.The films were violent.But they represented a more positive view than society had shown in the past toward veterans of that unpopular war.In the nineteen eighties people came to fear a new disease that could be spread by sex or blood.It was the rise of the AIDS epidemic.At the same time a new drug--crack cocaine--started a wave of violence in American cities.Technology was also on the rise.ANNOUNCER: “You don't have to be a genius to use a computer.Let Computer Land show you how easy it is to manage your own small business or home finances with the Atari 800.Record keeping, information, communication, and a world of new ideas from Atari.” Personal computers appeared in more and more offices, schools and homes.Michael Jackson performs with his brothers at Dodger Stadium in Los Angeles on December 3, 1984The nineteen eighties brought stardom to young entertainer Michael Jackson.(MUSIC: “Beat It”/Michael Jackson)And no history of the eighties would be complete without noting the rise of Music Television--better known as MTV.(MUSIC: “Money for Nothing”/Dire Straits)You can find our series online with transcripts, MP3s, podcasts and pictures at tingvoa.com.You can also follow us on Facebook and Twitter at VOA Learning English.I'm Steve Ember, inviting you to join us again next week for THE MAKING OF A NATION--American history in VOA Special English.__ Contributing: Jerilyn Watson This was program #225.
第五篇：VOA 学习中的一些经验和体会
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洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程： http://www.xiexiebang.com/（报名网址）
VOA 学习中的一些经验和体会
一位朋友提到先听spe，还是stand的问题，以及voa对于英语学习和口语能力的提高方面，我也想写点自己的感受。就我自己来说，我先是从spe开始作手的，那时我刚进入大学，前一个暑假，因为高考结束，无意中忽然对英语产生了浓厚的兴趣，逛书店，看到了一本<美国之音听力指南>(以前还是旧的那版，自由女神的那个)我那时才知道还有个美国字音的英语广播，分为stand & spe的。(以前只知道有voa中文的，因为老爸在听64和打Iraq的时候用过，不过那时自己太小，还不太懂?)回到家，我就开始琢磨起来，给自己定个计划，每天听写一篇spe，或许是年少气盛把，对于一个刚高中毕业的学生来说，确实太困难了，即使是很慢的语速，对我来说也好象是一个人在念绕口令，1遍，2遍，3遍，听了头皮发麻，我也只能在练习本上写下诸如人名，地名，数字，一般性的动词。于是我决定改变方法，一个个单词听，听一个，停下磁带，或许我的音标和语音不错把，有些单词我能在字典上找到，说实话，在逆向法大热的今天，那时我也是如此训练的。当然，很多还是不知道，那时后，可真是烦啊，为了一个单词按键，停，按，„。很机械，但更多的是一种躁动，一心想去看答案，一边又告诉自己这样做就等于白费时光。(我为什么要如此虐待自己呢?)但现在回想起来，我觉得那时的动力还是来源于对英语本身作为一门course的看法。在我看来，英语既是一们简单，又是一们艰难的课程。说它简单，因为它很少需要象数学一样的逻辑思考能力，也很少需要象艺术那样所必需的某种天赋。任何人都可以把它学好。说它难，正是因为它在我们面前的人人平等，所以通往成功的捷径非下苦功不可，一步步来，点点积累是永远不会过时的学习方法。
就这样训练了整整个暑假，开始感觉自己有了点方向，不象一开始的那么迷茫。大概能听出个梗概(确切的说，是从离散的单词里，能读出个大概了)可千万别小看这一步了，那时可把我高兴坏了，我对爸爸说，我现在能听懂美国人的广播了，当然我也知道我在自欺欺人，我能听个啥啊? 但自欺欺人并不总是坏事，只要你知道你真正想干什么。从父母的夸奖中，我的学习动力更加高涨，我开始一句句听，一片短短100字的新闻报道，我可以听4，5个小时。句子长了，困难多了，但听出后的喜悦也大大增加了。这一时期也是最痛苦的阶段，也是最有收获的时候，高兴，失落，对自己能力的怀疑呈周期式的变化。但那时我每天都安慰自己:今天你肯定有进步，别急!保持好的心态，明确自己的目标，我觉的不仅在英语的学习，还是面对生活的考验都是一种积极的态度!当然还少不了你对英语学习丝毫不减的兴趣。兴趣是击败一切阻力的先锋。
进步的感觉是你能够体会的，也是来的很突然的。一天听了一篇广播里的新闻，感觉自己竟然能听懂了80%的内容。那可把我激动的要死，第二天，立马请同学出去游西湖，吃kfc。兴奋让我放弃了训练一个星期。等第二个星期回过头来，忽然什么感觉就没有了。在这里我也想跟大家谈谈这第3个阶段。也可叫做趁热打铁把。能听懂80%的东西，意味着你开始对句子的结构，逻辑排列有了入门的认知(我指的是听力技能)。但这余下的20%，还洛基英语是中国英语培训市场上的一朵奇葩，是全球已被验证的东方人英语学习的最佳模式。洛基英语是中国专业在线英语培训机构，通过电话英语、视频英语与外教一对一的模式提高学员英语口语水平，提供英语口语培训，成人英语培训，商务英语培训，企业英语培训等课程。
免费？宅在家学英语？怎么报名？
有你随心所欲的听知本领则需要更长的练习，就象zmoon斑竹说的那样: 无他，唯手熟尔。这时候坚持就是最好的老师。
就这样坚持训练了将近2年(因为总不可能把所有的时间都放在英语上，但真正时间的累积可能有近一年把)，我觉的自己进步很大。于是我开始收听stand的广播。stand的广播可正是包罗万象，难度也有很大的提高。但按照攻克spe的方法，我也以同样方法试之。
与其说听spe给了我听力上的一个基础提高的话，还不如说是给了我一中学习英语信心的提高。信心这个东西可真重要，它真的能发挥奇妙的作用。我相信自己也能听懂标准的美国英语。它也支持我继续在英语学习的道路上走下去，因为它给了我欢乐，也给了我无穷的信心。!
说到听voa对英语学习的帮组，益处当然不少，如果你是一位初涉听力的朋友，spe不愧是一种训练耳朵的好材料，而且它也不乏味，你在学习的过程中，可以了解世界大事，了解美国文化的渊源，听一个好听的美国故事(那可是我学习spe中最喜欢的一个节目，那时每个星期六我都要听，太爽了)以及美国词语的典故。学习语言，不仅仅是学习认识几个单词，听懂别人的说话，还要学习语言的背景，语言应用的习惯，这对于一个东方国家的学习者来说是相当重要的。
如果你想提高自己的词汇量，提高自己的写作水平。练练stand也真的是一个很好的选择，因为节目中应用的文法，句子使用的结构和好的单词都是我们学习的范本。提到词汇量，我觉得通过广播英语来学习非常不错，关键是它能帮组你很好的记住单词，真的，不信，你可以试试。
更重要的是，我觉得学习voa对于你想提高你的发音也是不无裨益的。试着把听写下来的文章，好好读读，尽量模仿播音员的语气，语调，长期下来，你会发现自己的发音会让别人大吃一惊。同样，熟悉了播音的方式，你对文章听的感觉也会迅速提高的。
但对于应用voa来训练口语，我觉的不是太好。因为它使用的都是书面语。而口语就是为了交流方便而诞生的，尽量作到言简意赅，使大家都明白。所以我到觉得，一开始训练口语，使用走遍美国的教材到是挺好的。我一开始用的也是这一套，我做的也是听写，然后把每片文章背下来，接着跟着磁带模仿。这些都是些很实用的方法。(如果你真的想彻底提高你的口语)。不过多练，无疑是提高口语最好的方法，去英语角，参加英语演讲„。等等。
当然通过学习voa来学习英语只是一种方法，别的好的教材和新颖的教学法比比皆是。尤其在这个网络发达的社会。听英语歌曲，看原版电影，都很不错啊。但我觉得它的起点要求比较高。(如果你在欧美社会，看的电视，读的报纸，吃的快餐，交谈的方式都是英语的话，那自然很好了，这也不是我们今天一起全民苦学英语的结果了)但学习voa即省钱，又方便，你每天都可以得到不同的学习材料，没法上网，你也可以听广播，自己录磁带啊。(可能有点土把，以前我就是这样干的)洛基英语是中国英语培训市场上的一朵奇葩，是全球已被验证的东方人英语学习的最佳模式。洛基英语是中国专业在线英语培训机构，通过电话英语、视频英语与外教一对一的模式提高学员英语口语水平，提供英语口语培训，成人英语培训，商务英语培训，企业英语培训等课程。
免费？宅在家学英语？怎么报名？
最后，这一句话，也是我最想说的，不管你学的是voa，还是aov。，最重要的还是培养你对英语学习的兴趣以及在遇到困难中不放弃的决心和必定的信心!
“成千上万人疯狂下载。。。
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洛基英语是中国英语培训市场上的一朵奇葩，是全球已被验证的东方人英语学习的最佳模式。洛基英语是中国专业在线英语培训机构，通过电话英语、视频英语与外教一对一的模式提高学员英语口语水平，提供英语口语培训，成人英语培训，商务英语培训，企业英语培训等课程。
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