第一篇：have的用法小结
have 的用法小结
一、have作实意动词。
1.表示“有”的意思。
Look, I have wings, just like you.(JBⅤL1)He had fair hair and blue eyes.(JBⅥL2)〔注1〕：其否定和疑问形式变化，在美国通常用助动词do。
〔注2〕：在英国口语中常用have got代替have.Look, can’t you see I've got teeth, too,(JBⅤL1)I haven't got any jewelry.(SBⅠL5)2.have和一些其他名词连用，表示：(1)一种活动。
We have no classes on Sunday.（上课）(JBⅡL11)they’re going to have a volleyball match.（举行比赛）(JBⅢL11)Are we going to have a meeting this week?（开会）(JBⅢL11)We are going to have a talk this afternoon.（听报告）(JBⅢL11)(2)患病。
I have got a headache.(JBⅣL8)I have a bad cold.(JBⅤL3)(3)发生的情况。
I've had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over.（跌跤）(JBⅣL10)(4)生育。
The queen ant may have tens of thousands of babies in one summer.(SBⅠL14)3.和一与动词同形的名词连用，表示一个动作（have＋a＋由动词转化和名词）。Are you going to have a swim.(JBⅢL1)I have a long talk with the teacher.(JBⅣL10)4.have on sth.或have sth.on，表示“穿着”、“戴着”(=to be wearing)。I noticed he had on bedroom slippers.(SBⅡL6)At the ball Motile had a diamond necklace on.5.表示“吃”、“喝”。
I wanted to have a cup of tea and some eggs.(JBⅢL10)Does she have lunch at home?(JBⅡL11)6.组成复合结构即“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”。
(1)不加to的动词不定式作宾语补足语(have sb.do sth.)，表示让、叫某人做某事。The soldier had him stand with his back to his father.(SBⅠL17)〔注〕：否定结构表示“不能让„”或“从未有人„”.We won't have you blame it on others.She had never had anybody speak to her that way before.(2)现在分词作宾语补足语(have sb.(sth.)doing)，表示让（使）某人做某事。
„the two men had their lights burning all night long„.(3)过去分词作宾语补足语(have sb.(sth.)done)，表示：
①使（让，请）别人作某事，表示的动作是别人做的。
Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the walls joined up.(SBⅠL10)„he should have new clothes made of this splendid cloth for the coming great procession.(SBⅠ L8)②遭遇到某事。
Houses near airports sometimes have their windows broken.(SBⅠL12)Workers in some industries have their hearing harmed by the noise of the machine.(SBⅠL12)
二、have与to一起构成情态动词，表示“不得不”、“必须”，可用于各种时态。I have to look after her at home.(JBⅢL4)
三、have做助动词与动词的过去分词一起构成现在完成时
和过去完成时。
Great changes have taken place the last two years.(JBⅥL3)They said that the Arab had stolen their camel.(JBⅤL4)
四、have用于“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”的结构，有
推测、假设之意。
1.must＋have＋过去分词，表示对过去时间发生的动作或存在的情况的推测，一般用于肯定句。
Her father thought that she must have met a fairy.(SBⅠL10)You must have left your bag in the theatre.2.can(could)＋have＋过去分词，表示对过去发生事情的“不肯定”，常用于否定句和疑问句。
He can't have been to your home, he doesn't know your address.3.should＋have＋过去分词，表示“某事本该早做而实际未做”，用于肯定句。You should have been here five minutes ago.(SBⅡL10)
五、have用于某些成语，表示固定的意思。
1.have a word(a few words)with sb.，表示和某人说一（几）句话。Where's Peter? I want to have a word with him.(SBⅢL13)2.had better＋不带to的动词不定式，表示“„最好„”。I'd better go and look for him now.(JBⅢL2)3.have nothing(something)to do with，表示“和„无（有）”关系。Most of questions had nothing to do with Edison's lessons.HAVE的用法详解
1.助动词have+过去分词构成完成时态。
I have never seen such a strange man.我从未见过这么奇怪的人。
Yes, he has been here twice but hasn't had his hair cut yet.是啊,他来了两次还没把头发理了。He's gone to your house.他去你家了。
2.HAVE+宾语+过去分词表示让某事由某人做。Can I have my hair cut now? 你现在可以给我理发吗? Oh, you haven't had your hair cut yet.噢,你还没理发呀。
3.HAVE+宾语+原形不定词表示请或让某人做某事。Or I can have my assistant help me do it.或者我可以让我的助手帮我来做。
4.have作为本动词表示“有、拥有”的意思。No, I don't have much time.不行,我没那么多时间。
Oh, you still have many customers today.噢,你今天还有很多顾客呀。
①have to通常指由于客观原因则不得不做某事，意思为“不得不”。
e.g.It's dark now.I have to go home.天黑了，我不得不回家。
It's raining, and I have to stay at home.外面在下雨，我不得不呆在家里。
一、have to与一般情态动词的异同
相同点：
一般的情态动词不能单独作谓语，后面必须接动词原形一起构成谓语，have to 也是这样。
不同点：
1、一般的情态动词没有人称和数的变化，而且所用的时态也受到一定的限制，而have to 有人称和数的变化。可用于多种时态中：一般现在时中当主语是第三人称单数时要用has to，其余的人称用have to，一般过去时中要用had to；一般将来时中则要用will have to.e.g.She has to go to school by bus.她不得不乘公汽上学。
You'll have to see the doctor if you get ill.如果你生病了，就得去看医生。
2、否定句和疑问句的构成方式不同：
①一般的情态动词直接在后面加not构成否定句，把这些情态动词提到句首就构成一般疑问句。
②而have to 的否定句和疑问句的构成往往要借助于助动词do的适当形式或助动词will即have to, has to, had to和will have to的否定式分别为don't have to, doesn't have to, didn't have to和won't have to，疑问句是在句首加助动词do的相应形式，句中还原成have to或把will放到句首，这里have to简直就是一个十足的行为动词。
e.g.What does she have to do?
她必须做什么？
You didn't have to wait for me yesterday.昨天你没有必要等我 have AHD:[h²v] D.J.[h#v] K.K.[h#v] v.（动词）
had[h²d] hav.ing，has[h²z] v.tr.（及物动词）
To be in possession of: 拥有：
already had a car.已经有一辆车
To possess as a characteristic, quality, or function: 气质：有„的特征、性质或功能：
has a beard;had a great deal of energy.蓄着胡子；精力充沛
To possess or contain as a constituent part: 包含：作为某物的组成部分而含有或包含： a car that has an automatic transmission.有自动传动系统的汽车
To occupy a particular relation to: 有特殊关系：
had a great many disciples.有很多信徒
To possess knowledge of or facility in: 具有某方面的知识或才能： has very little Spanish.懂很少一点西班牙语
To hold in the mind;entertain: 保持在脑中；怀抱：
had doubts about their loyalty.对他们的忠诚怀有疑虑
To use or exhibit in action: 发挥：通过行动来运用或显示： have compassion.发挥同情心
To come into possession of;acquire: 占有；获得：
Not one copy of the book was to be had in the entire town.整个城镇都没有这本书 To receive;get: 收到；得到：
I had a letter from my cousin.我收到堂弟寄来的信 To accept;take: 接受；收纳：
I'll have the green peas instead of the spinach.我想要份青豆而不是菠菜 To suffer from: 经受，遭受：
have defective vision.视力不好
To be subject to the experience of: 经历，经验：
had a difficult time last winter.去年冬天日子不好过
To cause to, as by persuasion or compulsion: 促使：通过劝说或强迫导致„：
had my assistant run the errand.让我的助手跑腿 To cause to be: 使„成为：
had everyone fascinated.把每个人都吸引住了 To permit;allow: 允许；许可：
I won't have that kind of behavior in my house.在我家中我可不允许做那种事
To carry on, perform, or execute: 执行，做，实行： have an argument.进行争吵
To place at a disadvantage: 把„置于不利状态：
Your opponent in the debate had you on every issue.你的对手在争论中使你在每个问题上都处于下风
Informal To get the better of, especially by trickery or deception: 【非正式用语】利用：尤指通过诡计或欺骗利用：
They realized too late that they'd been had by a swindler.他们发现被一个骗子耍了，但为时已晚
Informal To influence by dishonest means;bribe: 【非正式用语】贿赂：通过不正当手段影响；贿赂： an incorruptible official who could not be had.一位不为贿赂所动的廉洁官员 To procreate(offspring): 繁殖（后代）：
wanted to have a child.想要一个孩子
To give birth to;bear: 生；生育：
She's going to have a baby.她就要生孩子了 To partake of: 吃喝：
have lunch.吃中饭
To be obliged to;must: 被迫：必须：
We simply have to get there on time.我们不得不准时赶到那里
To engage in sexual intercourse with.性交：与„产生性关系 v.aux.（助动词）
Used with a past participle to form the present perfect, past perfect, and future perfect tenses indicating completed action: 与过去分词连用构成现在完成时、过去完成时或将来完成时以表示结束的行为：
The troublemaker has gone for good.I regretted that I had lost my temper.They will have finished by the time we arrive.那捣蛋鬼已走上了正路。我对我曾大发脾气感到后悔。他们会在我们到那里的时候完成的 n.（名词）
One enjoying especially material wealth: 富人：尤指享受物质财富的人： “Almost overnight, there was a new and widespread hostility on the part of the haves toward the have-nots”(Thomas P.O'Neill, Jr.)“几乎是一夜之间，富人们就对穷人们滋生出一种新的和的仇恨”(小托马斯P.奥涅尔)
have at To attack.攻击 have on To wear: 穿戴：
had on red shoes.穿红色鞋子
To be scheduled: 策划：被安排在计划之内：
We have a dinner party on for tomorrow evening.明天晚上我们打算参加晚宴
have done with To stop;cease: 停止；结束：
Have done with your foolish quibbling 结束你那愚蠢的诡辩
have had it【非正式用语】
To have endured all that one can: 忍无可忍：尽一个人最大的努力忍受： I've had it with their delays.对他们的拖拉我已忍到头了
To be in a state beyond remedy, repair, or salvage: 无法恢复：处于一种无法治疗、修补或拯救的状态： That coat has had it.那件上衣已经破烂不堪了
To have done everything that is possible or that will be permitted.已做完可能做的或被允许的一切事情 have it in for(someone)To intend to harm, especially because of a grudge.尤指由于嫉恨而想伤害 have it out To settle decisively, especially by means of an argument or a discussion.尤指通过争辩或讨论的手段最终解决 have(something)coming To deserve what one receives: 得到某人应得之物：
You had that reprimand coming for a very long time.你早该挨骂了 have to do with To be concerned or associated with.与„有联系或关联
Middle English haven 中古英语 haven from Old English habban * see kap-源自古英语habban *参见kap-have [hAv;hEv, Ev, v;hAf] v.aux.(过去式和过去分词为had [hAd];第三人称单数现在式为 has [hAz;hEz, Ez])[构成各种完成形式]业已, 曾经
You haven't been abroad before, have you? 你以前没出过国, 是吧? ②[用于虚拟语气] If they had [had they] time, they would certainly come and help us.如果他们有时间, 他们一定会来帮助我们。
have vt.有, 怀有, 含有 知道, 了解, 懂得 吃;吸(烟)得到, 收到;拿 允许, 容忍
体验;享受;经[遭]受;碰到
[宾语补足语用不带 to 的不定式表示]使[让、叫]某人做某事 [宾语补足语用过去分词等结构表示]使(在)某方面出现某种状态 不得不, 必须(to)从事, 进行, 作(某事)显示, 表现 表明, 说, 主张
[英俚]欺骗;[口]打败, 胜过 生
have one's hair cut(请人)理发
H-a cup of tea? 喝杯茶吗? I had a parcel yesterday.我昨天收到了包裹。You were had!你受骗了。
He had his hands burned.他把手烧坏了。
I had to walk very fast to overtake you.我不得不快走才能赶过你。I won't have it.我受不了。As he has it.据他所说。have n.[常用复][口]有产者, 有钱人;(天然资源多的)富国 [英俚]欺诈, 诈骗
the haves and the have-nots 有钱人和穷人;富国和穷国
be had 受骗, 上当 had rather 宁愿,宁可 had sooner 宁愿,宁可
I won't have it.[口]我不能容忍这样的事。Let him have it.给他一点颜色看看;狠狠地收拾他;给他一枪。not having any [口]不同意;不感兴趣 to have and to hold 【律】享有, 永远保有 What a have![口]真会骗人!what have you 诸如此类的事物, 等等 have about one 随身带
have at sb.[口]扑向(某人);袭击(某人);与(某人)比高低 have back(havesth.back)要回, 收回
(have sb.back)允许(分离后的配偶或情人)回到自己身边 have by 同(某男人)生了(小孩)have had it 受够了, 忍无可忍了
错过机会;完蛋了;没希望了(女人)被诱奸
have in(=have got...in)(have sb.in)邀请某人到家里来(havesth.in)贮存[备] have it 优越, 有利
挨骂;遭殃;受惩罚
(亦作 have “it”)有性感, 有性的诱惑力 恋爱
have it away [俚](同某人)乱搞男女关系, 私通 have it off [俚](同某人)乱搞男女关系, 私通 have it away with sb.[俚](同某人)乱搞男女关系, 私通 have it off with sb.[俚](同某人)乱搞男女关系, 私通 have it coming(to one)[美](某人受奖, 受罚等)是应得的, 是理所当然的 have it good [口]生活好过[优裕] have it easy [口]生活好过[优裕] have it soft [口]生活好过[优裕] have it in for sb.[美, 口] 对某人怀恨在心, 伺机报复 have it in one [口]有本领, 有气概 have it out [口](同某人)一决雌雄;(同某人)讲个明白 have it out have it out [口](同某人)一决雌雄;(同某人)讲个明白 have it over(=have it all over)[口]胜过, 比...强
have it on(=have it all over)[口]胜过, 比...强 have it that...坚持, 硬说
have not much to do with 与...无多大关系 have on 穿着;戴着
有(某事)要做;有(某项)约会 [口]欺骗捉弄
有理由认为(某人)应负责;掌握(某人)的事实[证据] have sb.欺骗某人
击败[胜过]某人 [口]难住某人;抓住某人的错误 have sb.around 请某人来家做客(一般指请吃饭, 喝茶等)have sb.over 请某人来家做客(一般指请吃饭, 喝茶等)have sb.round 请某人来家做客(一般指请吃饭, 喝茶等)have sb.down 请某人来家做客(常指从城市到乡下, 从北方到南方)have sb.up 把某人请来作客(通常指从乡下到城内或从低地到高地)[口]传唤(某人)到上级面前 [口]传讯[控告]某人 havesth.to do with 与...有关
havesth.againstsb 因某事不喜欢某人
havesth.off(= have got sth.off)能背诵, 谙记 havesth.on one(或one's person)随身带 havesth.about one(或one's person)随身带 havesth.out(请牙医, 外科医生等)把某物取出[切除] 坦率地讨论某事;把某事讲个明白 让(某人)做完(某事)have to [have got to] 不得不, 只好 have to be [美, 口]肯定是..., 毫无疑问是...have to do with 与...有关;与...来往 have what it takes 具备成功的必要条件 参考资料：金山词霸2006 助动词have的用法
1）have +过去分词，构成完成时态.例如：
He has left for London.他已去了伦敦。
By the end of last month, they had finished half of their work.上月未为止，他们已经完成工作的一半。
2）have + been +现在分词，构成完成进行时.例如：
I have been studying English for ten years.我一直在学英语，已达十年之久。
3）have+been +过去分词，构成完成式被动语态.例如：
English has been taught in China for many years.中国教英语已经多年。英语教师课堂用语 Let’s get ready for class.准备上课。I’m sorry I’m late./Excuse me for coming late.对不起，我迟到了。3 Please come earlier next time.下次请早点到。4 Class begins.上课。Who’s on duty today?今天谁值日？ 6 Is everyone here? 都到齐了吗？ 7 Who’s absent today? 今天谁没来？ 8 What day is today? 今天是星期几？ 9 What’s the date today? 今天是几号？ Li Hong, have you collected all the exercise-books? 李红，作业本都收齐了吗？ 11 Here are your exercise-books.Please hand them out.这是练习本，请发下去。12 Monitor, would you please fetch some chalk for me? 班长，能帮我去拿些粉笔来吗？ 13 Open your books, please.请翻开书。please turn to Page 12.请翻开书到12页。Please take out your notebooks/exercise books.请拿出笔记本/练习本。16 No more talking, please.请安静。17 Attention, please.请注意。Let’s have a dictation.让我们来听写。We’re going to have a new lesson today.今天我们要上新课。20 First let’s have a revision.首先我们复习一下。21 Who can answer this question? 谁能回答这个问题？ 22 Do you have any questions? 你们有问题吗？ 24 Let me see.让我看看/想想。Put up your hands if you have any questions.如果有问题请举手。26 Raise your hands, please.请举手。27 Hands down.把手放下。Repeat after me/Follow me.跟我读。29 Listen to me, please.请听我说。Look at the blackboard/screen, please.请看黑板/屏幕。31 All eyes on me, please.请都看着我。
Can you solve this problem? 能做出这道题吗？ 33 Let’s read it together.Ready, go!大家齐声朗读，预备，起。34 Read slowly and clearly.读慢一点，清楚一点。35 Who wants to try? 谁想试一试？
Who wants to do it on the blackboard? 谁愿意到黑板上来做？ 37 Are you through? 做完了吗？ 38 Have you finished? 做完了吗？
You did a very good job.做得不错。
Very good./Good try./ Well done!完成得不错。41 Terrific!/ Wonderful!/ Excellent!很棒！
Please give him(her)a big hand.请给他/她一些掌声。43 Can you follow me? 能跟上吗？ 44 Do you understand? 你听懂了吗？ 45 Don’t be nervous.不要紧张。
Any one can help him/ her? 谁来帮他/她一下？ 47 Any volunteers? 谁自愿回答？
I beg your pardon? 对不起，能再说一遍吗？ 49 Take it easy.请放心/别紧张。
Be brave / active, please.请勇敢/主动些。51 Who wants to try? 谁来试试？
Come up to the front, please.请到前面来。53 Go back to your seat, please.请回座位。54 Come on.You can do it.来吧！你能做到的。
Come on, you’re almost there.来吧！你快（做/答）对了。56 I’ll give you a clue(hint).我给你一些提示。57 You can do it this way.你可以这样来做。58 Let’s play a game.让我们玩个游戏。
Are you tired? Let’s take a break.累了吗？休息一下。60 Look up the word in the dictionary.在字典里查这个词。61 Take notes, please.请作笔记。62 Are you clear ?明白了吗？
Is that right /correct? 那个正确吗？
Can you find the mistakes? 你能找出错误吗？
Do you know how to correct the mistakes? 你知道怎么改错吗？ 66 Are you ready? 准备好了吗？ 67 Can you guess it? 能猜猜吗？ 68 Yes.You’re right.对，你对了。
I’m sorry.Can you say that again? 对不起，能再说一遍吗? 70 Take your time.慢慢来。71 Use your head.动动脑筋。
Good idea!That makes sense.好主意。有道理。73 Whose turn is it? 轮到谁了？
Now you’re going to read one by one.现在你们依次朗读。75 Who’s next? 接下来是谁？ 76 You’re next.接下来是你。77 It’s your turn.轮到你了。
Just hands.No voices.不要说，请举手。79 Do it on your own.自己做。
From the very beginning.从头开始。81 Please read it to the end.请读到结尾。82 Stop here, please.请停下来。
Hands up before you answer.回答问题前，请举手。
Here’s your homework for today.这是今天的家庭作业。85 Hand in your homework tomorrow.家庭作业明天交。
Please pass the exercise books to the front.请将练习本递到前面来。87 Who wants to come to the front? 谁愿意到前面来？ 88 Come to my office after class.下课后到办公室找我。89 Come and see me after class.课后找我。
Watch me and I'll show you.看着我，我来演示。
I want all of you to answer this question.我请大家一齐来回答这个问题。92 That’s all for the new lesson/ revision.
第二篇：be动词和have动词的用法
好像这两个动词不应该混淆，因为意思都不一样，be动词是表示是的意思，have动词表示的是拥有，属有的意思。
这两个词用作助动词构成谓语也不应混淆。
be+verb的含义是表示被动
have + verb构成的是完成时态，表示的是主动的含义。
你实际要解决两个问题：1）ＢＥ动词的用法 ２）ＨＡＶＥ动词的用法。
【１】ＢＥ动词的用法（仅以一般现在时为例）
be动词的一般现在时有三种形式，即：am, is, are。
1.如果主语是第一人称I（我）时，be动词用am。
如：I am a student.我是一名学生。
I am 还可缩写成I'm。如：
I'm David.我是大卫。
2.如果主语是you（你，你们）, they（他们，它们，她们）或名词复数（两个以上的人或物）时，be动词必须用are。
如：Are you twelve? 你是十二岁吗？
Tom and Lily are good friends.汤姆和莉莉是好朋友。
They are at school.他们在学校。
are与主语还可缩写。如： We are= We're，They are =They're, You are = You're。而are与 not可缩写成aren't。
如：They aren't students.他们不是学生。但是am与not不能缩写。
3.如果主语是单数名词、不可数名词或单数第三人称代词（he, she, it）时，be动词用is。
如:My mother is a teacher.我的妈妈是一名老师。
He is a student.他是一名学生。
is也可与主语缩写,如: He is = He's, My mother is = My mother's等。但是This is不可缩写。而is与not可缩写成 isn't。
如:This isn't a book.这不是一本书。
[解题过程]
根据以上叙述我们可以把动词的用法以口诀的形式表述出来：
我（I）是am, 你（you）是are，剩下is留给她（she）, 他（he）, 它（it）, 两个以上都用are。
【２】have的用法
1.“own” “拥有” is the most important meaning.Eg: I have a book.2.“have to do sth.” means “不得不”.例: I have to take care of my baby sister at home.3.“行为动词” is the most important ways.have a meal 吃饭 have a match 比赛 have lessons 上课 have a meeting 开会 have a good time 玩得开心 have a walk 散散步
have a talk 谈谈话 have a swim 游泳 have a rest 休息一下 have a look 看一看
4.“have sth done” means “让别人做某事 ”
例句: I must have my hair cut.5.the auxiliary verb Of the perfect tense means “已经”
例句: I have finished my homework.1.there is和there are表示“有”这个状态，重在“存在”的意思。前者是接单数名词，后者接复数名词。注意：就近原则（就是单复数只看离它最近的一个名词）。
have和has表示从属的关系，意思是谁有什么什么。前者是一般式，后者是第三人称单数形式。
例：There are two apples in her hand.She has two apples.2.这个do是助动词，帮助动词提问。而be帮助名词等提问。例：Is he doing his homework? Does he do his homework? 3.情态动词后所有动词用原型。
have可以引导完成时；表示“有”时，主语一定要是人 eg I have a pen。
He has left Beijing for three days.there be句型就是单纯性的某处有某物 eg There is a book in the table。
do可以是助动词，也可以是实义动词 eg Do you do your homework?（第一个do是助动词，第二个do是实义动词。）
do开头一般后面跟人称 e.g.Do I/ you...Does he/she...are开头的一般后面跟第二人称或复数人称 e.g.Are you/they...is开头的后面一般跟第三人称单数 e.g.Is it/he/she...DO 它表示疑问，后面的谓语动词一定是行为动词，即一个动作 Do you like English? / Do you play basketball? Are 是BE动词放在前面表示疑问 后面跟形容词或名词 Are you a student? / Are you busy? Are you OK ?
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第三篇：There be句型的用法和have的用法
There be句型的用法和have的用法
一、构成：There be...句型表示的是 “某处有(存在)某人或某物”，其结构为There be(is，are，was, were)+名词+地点状语。
二、There be句型和havehas的区别：
There be句型表示 “存在有”, havehas表示 “拥有” “所有”,两者不能同时使用.例如：
桌子上有三本书.There are three books on the desk.我有三本书.I have three books.三、be要与主语保持人称和数的一致。否定句是在be后加not；一般疑问句是将be放在句首；反意疑问句中的简短问句是由“be(或其否定式)＋there”构成。
：There be 句型与have, has的区别
1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）
2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is;主语是复数，be 动词用are;如有几件物品，be 动词根据最靠近be 动词的那个名词决定。
3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。
4、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或疑问句。
5、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句，or 用于否定句或疑问句。
6、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？
How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？
7、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：对主语提问：当主语是人时，用 “Who’s + 介词短语?”；当主语是物时，用 “What’s + 介词短语?”。其中there在口语中常常省略。
例如、There is a bird in the tree.→What’s in the tree? There are some bikes over there.→What’s over there? There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room? 1
8、对地点状语提问：用 “Where is are + 主语?”表示（注意其答语变化
There is a computer in my office.→ Where is the computer?----It’s in my office.There are four children in the classroom.→Where are the four children?—They’ re in the classroom
9、对数量提问：一般有两种提问方式：
如果主语是可数名词，无论是单数还是复数，都用“How many +可数名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？”表示：
There are twelve months in a year.→How many months are there in a year? There is only one book in my bag.→ How many books are there in your bag? There is a cat in the box.→ How many cats are there in the box?
10、如果主语是不可数名词，则用“ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？”表示：
There is some money in my purse.How much money is there in your purse?
练习
翻译下面句子
1、我有一本书。
2、桌子上有一杯水。
3、我的妈妈有一只笔。
4、桌子上有三只猫。
5、我有许多朋友。
6、公园里有许多花朵。
二、Fill in the blank with “have,has”or “there is , there are” 1.I________a good father and a good mother.2.____________a telescope on the desk.3.He_________a tape-recorder.4._____________a basketball in the playground.5.She__________some dresses.6.They___________a nice garden.7.What do you___________? 8.______________a reading-room in the building? 9.What does Mike___________? 10.______________any books in the bookcase? 11.My father_________a story-book.12._______________a story-book on the table.13._______________any flowers in the vase? 14.How many students____________in the classroom? 15.My parents___________some nice pictures.16._____________some maps on the wall.17.______________a map of the world on the wall.18.David__________a telescope.19.David's friends___________some tents.20.______________many children on the hill.用恰当的be动词填空。
1、There _______ a lot of sweets in the box.2、There _______ some milk in the glass.3
3、There _______ some people under the the big tree.4、There _______ a picture and a map on the wall.5、There _______ a box of rubbers near the books.6、There _______ lots of flowers in our garden last year.7、There _______ a tin of chicken behind the fridge yesterday.8、There _______ four cups of coffee on the table.Fill in the blank with “ have, has ” 1.I_________ a nice puppet.2.He_________a good friend.3.They__________ some masks.4.We___________some flowers.5.She___________ a duck.6.My father____________ a new bike.7.Her mother___________a vase.8.Our teacher_________ an English book.9.Our teachers___________a basketball.10.Their parents___________some blankets 11.Nancy_________many skirts.12.David__________some jackets.13.My friends__________a football.14.What do you__________? 15.What does Mike__________? 16.What do your friends___________? 17.What does Helen___________? 18.His brother________a basketball.19.Her sister_________a nice doll.20.Miss Li__________an English book.
第四篇：it用法小结
小结(2008-12-08 15:57:31)
标签：教育
It用法小结
it在英语语法中属人称代词，意思是“它”，用来指人以外的一切生物和事物。它的用法不仅不简单，而且很复杂。
一、用于指人以外的一切生物、无生命的东西和事情。
一般指说话者心目中已经了解或所指的生物、无生命的东西或事情、没有性别的区分；可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词，在句子中既可做主语，也可以作宾语。
1．指动物和植物。如：
—Oh，that's Lucy's hat．噢，那是露茜的帽子。
—It looks like a cat！它看上去像只猫！
Where's tea grown？It's grown in the southeast of China．
什么地方种植茶？中国东南部种植茶。
2．指代一些无生命的东西。如：
Is it your watch？这是你的手表吗？
Look at the rain！It's heavy，isn't it？看这雨！雨很大，对吗？
3．代替上文提到过的整个事情。如：
Well，you mustn't play on the road．It's dangerous．哦，你不能在公路上玩。这太危险了！It was hard work，but they really enjoyed it．摘苹果是艰苦活，可他们都乐意去干（它）。
二、用于指代人。
1．指代说话者心目中不太清楚的那个人，常在打电话或敲门时用。如：
—Who was it？是谁（打来的电话）？
—Was it Susan？（打电话的）是苏珊吗？
—Yes，it was．是的，我是。（根据上下句，“it was”也可不译出来。）
再如：—Who is knocking at the door？谁在敲门？
—It's me．是我。
2．指说话者心目中的那个人。如：
—Is it your sister，Kate？（那旧照片上的 baby）是你姐姐凯特吧？
—No！不是。
—Is it your brother？是你哥哥吧？
—No！不是。
—I know—it's you！我知道了，（那）是你。
3．指代性别不详的婴幼儿或在不计较性别时，也可用it来指人。如
The child smiled when it saw its mother．这小孩一见到母亲就笑了。
I don't know who it is．我不知道他是谁。
注意：看到这样的句子（或听到这样的话）时，要想一想，不要一看到it就把它译成“它”。）
4．在回答用指示代词表示人的特殊问句时，常用it指人。如：
—Who's that？那人是谁？
—Is it Kate？是凯特吗？
—Yes，I think you're right．It's Kate．是的，我想你说对了，是凯特。
三、用于指时间、距离和自然现象等。
1．表示时间。如：
—What time is it？几点钟？
—It's ten．十点钟。
It's summer in Australia now．现在澳大利亚是夏天。
特别注意it用于表示时间时还常见于以下两个句型中：
（1）It's time（for sb．）to do sth．／It's time for sth．译为“是（某人）该干„„的时间了”、“到„„的时候了”。如：
It's time for supper／to have supper．是吃晚饭的时候了。
I think it's time for us to start the lesson now．我想现在是我们开始上课的时候了。
（2）It is ／has been ＋时间段＋since ＋一般过去时。译为“自从„„以来已过了„„（时间）”。此结构可以与另一种句型进行同义句转换。如：
It has been two weeks since we met last．＝ Two weeks has passed since we met last．自从我们上次相遇以来，两个星期过去了。
It's three years since he came here．＝It has been three years since he came here．＝He has been here for three years．他到这里已经三年了。
2．表示距离。如：
It's half an hour's walk from my home to the school．从我家到学校步行得花半小时时间。—Where's the farm，Li Lei？Is it far？李雷，农场在哪里？远吗？
—No，it's quite near．不，（距）离这很近。
3．表示自然现象。如：
Sometimes it snows and the land is all white．有时下雪，大地一片白。
It is very quiet here at the moment．眼下这儿很安静。
四、用作形式主语。
英语中常常见到某个句子以it开头，it与其后面的动词不定式短语、动名词短语、名词性从句等相呼应，以表达一个完整的意义。这是一种习惯表达法，这样的句式可避免句子显得头重脚轻。
1．It＋is／was＋形容词＋（for／of sb．）＋动词不定式短语。对于这个句型中究竟用 for还是用of，一般遵循这样的规则：如果形容词仅仅是描述事物的形容词，如：difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous等用for；如果形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的，如：kind，good，nice，clever等则用of。如：
It is interesting to play with snow in winter．冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。
It's important for us to keep the water clean．保持水质清洁对我们来说是很重要的。It's very kind of you to say so．你这样说真是太好了。
注意：这一句式中的形容词位置也可换用名词；连系动词be也可换用其它连系动词，如feel等。如：
It's a good habit to get up early and go to bed early．早睡早起是好习惯。
It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship．乘宇宙飞船飞往月球一定很有趣。It feels strange to have a twin sister．有个孪生姐妹感觉很奇怪。
2．It ＋will be／is ／was ＋形容词＋动名词短语。如：
It's bad playing in the street．在街上玩是没好处的。
Is it any good trying again？再试一次有用吗？
3．It＋is／was＋形容词＋从句。如：
It is certain that he will come．他一定会来。
It's true that he may fall behind the other students．他真的可能落后于其他同学。
It is strange that he should say so．他居然这么说，真是奇怪。
4．It ＋is ／was ＋one's turn（duty，pleasure）＋to do sth．意为“该轮到某人做某事（做某事是某人的责任、愉悦的事）”。如：
It's your turn to be on duty tomorrow．明天轮到你值日了。
5．It takes（sb．）some time to do sth．意为“（某人）花„„时间做某事”。如
It took me a week to finish reading the book．我花了一周时间看完这本书。
6．It ＋cost／costs ＋sb．＋some money ＋to do sth．译为“某人花多少钱做某事”。如：It cost me 260 yuan to buy the new watch．我买这块新手表花了260元。
7．It seems ／seemed ＋从句。译为“看起来好像„„”，此结构可以转换成“seem ＋动词不定式”形式。如：
It seems that he is ill．＝He seems to be ill．看起来他好像病了。
[原题再现]
①________is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It
② In fact________ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A.thisB.thatC.thereD.it
答案: ① D ② D
五、用作形式宾语。
当句子的真正宾语是动词不定式、动名词或从句时，为避免句子头重脚轻，须将其放在宾语补足语之后，改用先行词it占据其原来的位置。it用作形式宾语的句型为：主语＋谓语＋it＋宾语补足语＋动词不定式／动名词／从句。该句型中宾语补足语可由形容词、名词等充当。如：
He found it not easy to learn a foreign language well．他发现学好一门外语是不容易的。We think it no good reading in bed．我们认为躺在床上看书无益处。
I think it necessary that we have the meeting．我认为开这个会是必要的。
[原题再现]
Don't ________that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.A.take as grantedB.take this for granted
C.take that for grantedD.take it for granted
答案: D
六.构成强调句。
如：
It was in the street that I saw Li Ping this morning.今天早晨，就是在街上我看见李明。
[原题再现]
________was in 1979________I graduated from university.A.That;that B.It;that C.That;when D.It;when
答案: B
七.构成特殊句式。如：
It seems as if we should finish it tomorrow.【练习】
（1）There is a photo on the wall.____ the photo of Lei Feng.A.It B.Its C.It's D.He（高考，1980)
（2)Is＿necessary to tell his father everything?
A.it B.that C.what D.he(MET1987)
(3)Is＿possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?
A.now B.man C.that D.it
(4)I consider____ my duty to help you．
A.it B.this C.that D.its
(5).It was at four o'clock in the afternoon ____ he and his grandpa reached the museum in Guanghan.A.while B.that C.when D.as
答案：(1)C(2)A(3)D(4)A(5)B
(6)．I like ____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.（2004全国I）
A.this B.that C.it D.one
(7).-Do you like ___ here?
-Oh，yes.The air，the weather，the way of life.Everything is so nice.（2004全国II）
A.this B.these C.that D.it
(8)．The Parkers bought a new house but ____ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.they B.it C.one D.which
(9).I hate___ when people talk with their mouths full.A.it B.that C.these D.them
(10).Joan had often heard____ said that Marley had no money.A.it B.this C.that D.one
答案：C D B A A
八、it, one和that作替代词的用法及区别
it, one和that虽然都可以用来替代前面所提到的一个单数名词,以避免重复,但在具体用法上却有不同。简述如下:
1.it代替前面提到的同一事物,该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。
[原题再现]
The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ______?
A.did theyB.didn't theyC.did itD.didn't it
答案: D
2.one代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。该事物只能是可数名词,前面可以有冠词,也可以被this、that或形容词修饰,其后也可以有定语。
[原题再现]
-Why don't we have a little break?
-Didn't we just have________?
A.it B.that C.one D.this
答案: C
3.that代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的一个。该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名
词,要有后置定语,但不可以有前置修饰语。
[原题再现]
Few pleasures can equal ________ of a cool drink on a hot day.A.someB.anyC.thatD.those
答案: C
高考“it”的用法英语题
历届高考英语单项选择题精选
（一）“it”的用法
1.Was it during the Second World War_____ he died?
A.thatB.while
C.in whichD.then(88)
2.Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day?
A.thisB.that
C.itD.he(89)
3.I don
t think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A.thisB.that
C.itsD.it(91)
4.Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?
A.thisB.that
C.heD.it(91)
5.It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.A.when , thatB.until , that
C.until , thatD.when , then(92)
6.I was disappointed with the film.I had expected ______ to be much better.A.thatB.this
C.oneD.it(93)
7.It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.A.whileB.which
C.thatD.since(94)
8.______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.ThereB.This
C.ThatD.It(95)
9.It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.A.untilB.that
C.thenD.so(97)
10.I hate _____ when people talk with their mouths full.A.itB.that
C.theseD.them(98)
11.It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.A.oneB.that
C.whatD.it(2000)
KEYS:1-5 ACDDB6-10 DCDBA11 B ’
第五篇：with用法小结
with用法小结
一、with表拥有某物
Mary married a man with a lot of money.马莉嫁给了一个有着很多钱的男人。
I often dream of a big house with a nice garden.我经常梦想有一个带花园的大房子。
二、with表用某种工具或手段
I cut the apple with a sharp knife.我用一把锋利的刀削平果。
Tom drew the picture with a pencil.汤母用铅笔画画。
三、with表人与人之间的协同关系
make friends with sb
talk with sb
quarrel with sb与……吵架
fight with sb与……打架
play with sb
work with sb years since we worked with each other, and I have never quarreled with him.自从我们一起工作以来，我和汤姆已经是十年的朋友了，我们从没有吵过架。
四、with 表原因或理由.这种语义的with多半与表示情绪的词连用.John was in bed with high fever.约翰因发烧卧床。
He jumped up with joy.他因高兴跳起来。
Father is often excited with wine.父亲常因白酒变的兴奋。
五、with 表“带来”，或“带有,具有”，”在…身上，在…身边”之意（相当于having, carrying）
The girl with golden hair looks beautiful.那个金头发的女孩看起来漂亮。
The famous director will come to the meeting with the leading actor and actress.那个有名的导演将带着男女主角来到会场。
Do you have money with you.身上带着钱吗？
Take the umbrella with you in case it rains.随身带伞，以防下雨。
注意：with ,about ,和in均可表示特征和属性.With表示属于人和物的显著特点;about表示附属于人或物不可捉摸的的特点;in表示附属与人或物的内部固有特点.﹡His uncle is an old man with a red nose.它的叔叔是位红鼻子老人。
﹡There is a certain charm about that man.那个人有某种魅力。
﹡There is something strange in him.他身上有点奇怪的地方。
六、with表想法，信念，态度与…一致
I agree with you on how to deal with it.关于此事如何处理，我同意你的看法。
七、with表示让步,“虽有,尽管”
With all his money and fame, he is not happy.有着钱和名誉，他还是不快乐。
With good teachers and warmhearted classmates, the new comer feels lonely.虽有着好老师和热心的同学，这个新来的还是感觉孤独。
八、with表同时，或同一方向，“随着”
The temperature of cold-blooded animals change with the temperature of the surroundings.冷血动物的体温随着周围的环境的改变而变化。
The big ship is sailing with the wind.这个大船正随风向航行。
And with the last words, she turned away.随着最后一句话说完，他转身离开了。
九．With后加上一个名词（多为表情绪的词），表示“。。。地”等情态意义，其作用相当于一个副词。with care =carefully ﹡with difficulty=difficultly ﹡with warmth=warmly﹡with curiosity=curiously ﹡ with pride=proudly
十、with的复合结构表行为方式或伴随情况
1、with + n/pron + adj.He left the room with the door open.门开着，他就离开了屋子。Don’t talk with your mouse full.嘴里满是东西时不要说话。
2、with + n/pron + adv.With the radio on ,grandma slept deeply in the chair.收音机开者，奶奶在椅子里沉沉的睡着。
With Tom away , I always feel lonely.汤母不在，我一直感觉孤独。
3、with + n/pron + done
The fellow stood there with his hands crossed.这个家伙两手交叉，站在那里。
The peasants have a good harvest with all the crops got in.庄稼都收割了，农民们有了一个好收成。
4、with + n/pron + to do
With this book to help you , you can finish your work as soon as possible.有这本书来帮忙，你能尽快完成工作。
With so many problems to settle ,the new manager was too worried to eat anything.有着太多问题要去处理，新经理担忧的吃不下任何东西。
5、with + n/pron + n
The old man looks down upon everyone ,with his son chairman of the company.因为他儿子是公司的主席，这个老头瞧不起任何人。
He was taken to hospital with his legs a mass of bleeding flesh.他被抬到医院，他的腿血肉模糊。
6、with + n/pron + 介词短语
The man left the meeting with a book in his hand.这个男人手里拿着书离开了会议。
The woman with a diamond necklace around the neck must be wealthy.那个脖子上带项链的女人一定很有钱。
十、with其他用法主要出现在一些常用词和习语中，记住其特定含义即可。如： It is a long time not to get in touch with Tom.很长时间没有和汤母取得联系了。
Down with imperialism.打倒帝国主义。
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