第一篇:市场营销B2B 中英文[大全]
英文资料
When marketing is mentioned, many think of the function as it relates to consumers.However, there is another side that is expected to blossom during the next decade – business-to business marketing.According to Business to Business’ “2007 Marketing Priorities and Plans” survey, marketing efforts will grow as business-to-business marketers increase budgets, do more business online, and try new technologies(Maddox, 2006).Respondents shared some of their goals for 2007, and the top three goals were customer acquisition(62.3% of the respondents), brand awareness(19.5%)and customer retention(11%).New market growth, product penetration, research and positioning the company as a thought leader were other goals listed in the survey.Although e-mail, search and Web casts were listed as still being important and worthy of some funding, web site development was the clear leader in getting the largest share of the online marketing budget.The survey also found that 67.7% of advertisers plan to launch new ad campaigns in 2007.“Business-to-Business Marketing is a complex discipline that has become integral to selling products or services to business,industrial, institutional or government buyers”(Oliva, n.d., p.1).Many forecasters have predicted that this market can expect purchases to net several trillion dollars a year, which is why many are predicting that the growth will outpace Business-to-Consumer marketing.However, the marketing industry will respond accordingly by providing both markets with sufficient attention even though both have different focuses.Business Marketing Versus Consumer Marketing
There are many differences between the two forms of marketing such as business marketing using shorter and more direct channels of distribution(Dwyer & Tanner, 2006), and consumer marketing aiming at larger demographic groups through mass media and retailers.In addition, the negotiation process is more personal between the buyer and seller in business marketing.Business marketers tend to use direct mail and trade journals as the preferred method of advertising, and they only commit a small portion of their budgets to do so(Hull & Speh, 2001).According to Oliva(n.d.), some of the unique features between the two methods are:
Business-to-Business(B2B)Marketing
• Transactions among and within value chains
• Value primarily determined by business economic use
• Small numbers of customers, many requiring personalized
marketing, including customized products and prices
• Large customers with strong market power(a business’ customers tend to be its competitors)
• Diverse and varied customer types and customer needs
• Large unit transactions
• Complex and lengthy selling processes involving many players creating a demand decision chain
• Deeper partnerships with members of the value chain, including customers • Channel management oriented up and down the supply chain
• Sales focused on key account management, and multiple purchasing influencers Business-to-Consumer(B2C)Marketing
• Transactions through the dealer to the end consumer
• Value determined by end-consumer perception
• Focus on brand management
• Large number of generally similar consumers
• Small transactions
• Linear selling process, usually of short duration
• Channel management oriented toward retail
• Sales activity focused on the end user
Business marketing’s foundation is based on building profitable,value-oriented relationships between two organizations and their workforces.Business marketers focus on a small number of customers by using sales processes that are large, complex and technical.Due to new marketing and communication technologies, B2B and B2C marketing efforts cross many industries.Business marketers must understand how the two methods work together in order to create and deliver value.eCommerce
Although Business-to-Consumer electronic commerce captures the attention of the industry, Business-to-Business electronic commerce is the format that is predicted to reap most of e-business activity.Business-to-Business eCommerce has exploded.This market became a trillion-dollar market by 2003, and was expected to have a 90% compound annual growth rate(Sprague, 2000).According to Sprague(2000), B2B e-commerce represents another revolution that is reshaping business relationships and is causing dramatic shifts in channel power as information and communication imbalances disappear”(p.1).B2B eCommerce provides buyers and suppliers with value propositions that can lower transaction costs and increase the value obtained in business relationships.These value propositions provide opportunities for new players to enter the process of facilitating buyer and supplier adoption of eCommerce capabilities.One of the most important objectives of B2B eCommerce is to change the cost and benefits of transactions.Kaplan and Garicano(2001)developed a framework that describes how B2B eCommerce can change transaction costs.The model presented five ways that this could be done, and they are:
• Changes in the processes.B2B eCommerce can improve efficiencies by reducing the costs associated with existing business processes.Improvements may occur in two different ways.The first way is to reduce the cost of an activity that is currently being conducted(i.e.catalog orders being taken online versus by telephone or fax).The second way is to use the Internet to redesign the existing process(i.e.Autodaq creates online auctions for used
cars without having to ship the cars to a physical auction).Each process improvement effort should be measured and evaluated to ensure that there are cost savings.This effort can be assessed by documenting the time and costs involved in both the existing process as well as the proposed process.The difference between the two is the savings from the process improvement.• Changes in the nature of the marketplace.Use of the Internet can(1)reduce a buyer’s cost of finding suppliers suppliers,(2)provide buyers with better information about product characteristics, and(3)provide better information about buyers and sellers.• Changes in indirect effects of transaction cost reductions.Better information about future demand through B2B e-commerce may allow a seller to improve its demand forecasts, and use that information to change its production decisions to better
match demand.As a result, a buyer may obtain better information about existing and future supplies and use the information to change its inventory decisions.Also, if the Internet is able to produce decreases in the costs of processing transactions in the market, fewer transactions may be processed inside organizations.• Changes the degree of information imcompleteness
Since buyers and sellers tend to not have the same information about a particular transaction, one or both parties may be at a disadvantage when evaluating the desirability of a transaction.The
Internet has the potential to change the informational positions of buyers and sellers.中文翻译
当一提到市场营销,许多人只意识到与消费者有关的职能。然而,在下个世纪将要流行的是——企业对企业的营销。根据企业对企业“2007年市场营销优先考虑和计划”的调查,随着企业对企业营销人员增加预算,市场营销的效用将越来越大。做更多的网上业务,并尝试新技术(马多克斯,2006年)受访者赞同他们的一些目标,2007年,前三个目标是客户获取(62.3 %的受访者),品牌知名度(19.5%)和客户忠诚度(11%)。新的市场增长,产品普及率,研究和定位公司作为一个领导者的其他目标中列出了调查。虽然电子邮件,搜索和网播被列为仍被重要和值得一些资金,网站的发展是明显的领先者获得最大份额的在线营销预算。该调查还发现,2007年67.7 %的广告客户计划推出新的广告系列。
“企业对企业营销是一个复杂的学科,在对工业,机构或政府的买家” 的交易中已经占有很大的份额了(Oliva, n.d., p.1)。许多经济学家预测,这些市场预期的净购买额将达到数万亿美元以上,因此许多人预测,企业对企业的营销将超过企业对消费者营销。然而,企业对企业,企业对消费者的营销是有不同的侧重点的。
一.企业营销与消费者营销
这两种营销是有很多的不同点,比如说企业可以使用更短,更直接的分销渠道(Dwyer & Tanner,2006年),而消费者营销旨在通过大众媒体和零售商获取更多的消费者。此外,企业营销中的买方卖方谈判进程是更具个性化的。企业营销往往使用直接邮件和行业杂志作为首选方法的广告,这样的费用也不是很高(Hull & Speh,2001年)。
据奥利瓦的观点,这两种营销模式都有各自的特点:
企业对企业(B2B)的市场营销
•交易主要是在内部的价值链之间
•价值主要取决于企业的规模大小
•只有少量的客户,但是他们许多需要个性化 市场营销,包括定制产品和价格
•大客户往往有着较强的购买能力(企业的客户往往是其竞争对手)•多样化的客户类型和客户需求
•大规模交易
•复杂和漫长的销售过程,因为大规模的采购在决定方面要经过很长时间的考虑
•渠道管理会上下衍生到供应链
企业对消费者(B2C)的营销
•交易通过经销商直接提供给最终消费者
•价值取决于最终消费者的观念
•注重品牌管理
•有大量的类似消费者
•交易规模小
•线性销售,通常交易时间短
•渠道管理主要是面向零售商
•销售活动的重点是最终用户
由于新的市场营销手段和通信技术的发展,B2B和B2C的营销工作跨多个行业。企业营销者必须充分了解怎么样把两种方法结合在一起,从而更好地为企业创造价值。
二.营销与电子商务的综合利用
虽然B2C现在获得的许多行业的注意力,但是B2B电子商务模式,预计未来将获得大部分的电子商务活动。B2B电子商务现在已经开始迅速发展,这个市场将会成为一个万亿美元的市场。据Sprague(2000年),B2B电子商务代表着又一场商业革命,首先正在改变正常的商业关系。B2B的电子商务模式给买家和供应商提供的价值主张,可以降低交易成本和增加在商业关系中所能获得的价值。这些有价值的建议会给新进入的市场者提供意见,使他们更好地运用电子商务。
B2B电子商务的一个重要的目标就是改变交易成本和以及交易双方在交易中所获得的利益。Kaplan and Garicano(2001年)制定了一个框架,用来形容B2B怎么样降低交易成本。该模型提出了五个方面,分别是:
交易流程的改变
B2B的电子商务模式可以通过降低与业务流程有关的成本,从而提高效率。改进可能会发生在两种不同的方式。第一种方法是降低有关活动的成本,这种方法是现在经常用到的(比如说通过网上或电话,传真来传递订单)。第二种方法是使用互联网来改变一些交易的程序(比如说Autodaq创造了网上拍卖二手车,而不必通过船泊运送汽车到现场拍卖)。每个过程的改进都应该努力衡量和评估其成果,以确保能够节省费用。通过记录改进前和改进后时间和费用的区别,这两个方面的差别就是交易流程改变带来的收益。
互联网给市场性质带来的变化
因特网的使用可以:(1)减少了买方去找供应商的成本(2)也使买家能够更好地了解产品的特性(3)而且互联网上可以提供关于买家和卖家的有关信息。
交易成本的削减
通过B2B电子商务可以更好地了解未来的需求,使得销售者可以更好地提高其需求预测能力,并利用这些信息来改变其未来生产的决定。因此,买方可取得更多的有关现有和未来的供应的信息以及使用这些信息来决定其库存。此外,如果互联网是能够减少一部分交易过程中的费用,那么就能减少许多内部组织中的交易。
信息不对称程度的改变
由于买家和卖家往往在同一个交易过程中掌握不同的信息,所以在评价交易的的可取性的时候,一方或双方都有可能处于不利地位。因特网可以改变卖方,买方的信息立场,使其不处于被动地位。
第二篇:市场营销毕业论文中英文文献
Ten Lessons for Improving Service QualityLeonard Berry, A.Parasuraman, and Valarie Zeithaml, 2003 [03-104]
Between 1983 and 1993, Berry, Parasuraman, and Zeithaml conducted a comprehensive, five-phase study of service quality in America under the sponsorship of the Marketing Science Institute.They have published a series of MSI monographs, journal articles, and several books based on this research.They reflected on their research journey in an MSI commentary that was published in 1993 and republished in 1994 by the Academy of Management Executive, and is now reprinted here.In the preface below they re-visit their reflections of ten years ago.Preface
Quality service helps a company to maximize benefits and minimize burdens for customers—the essence of delivering value.Because it is important to most customers and defies imitation by competitors, quality service offers a key competitive advantage.Indeed, firms in every industry have demonstrated the differentiating power of excellent service.Yet, despite this, price competition seems to dominate company efforts to provide value.The meteoric growth of Wal-Mart Stores—and the tendency of many firms to lower prices as a first response to softening demand—has focused so much marketing energy on price competition that it has become difficult not to assume that customers care only about price.A singular focus on price competition means that the firm is competing only on the “burden” component of value and ignoring the “benefit” component.Rather than investing in quality service to “decommoditize” the business, firms are emphasizing low price which serves to further “commoditize” the business.Service in America would be much improved if managers would embrace one central operating principle: the tougher the price competition in our industry, the more important quality service is to our company—because superb service gives customers non-price reasons to do business with us.In 1993, our purpose in writing a commentary was to consider our research findings and experience holistically as a foundation for offering guidelines to managers on improving service.We presented our guidance in the form of service quality “lessons,” identifying ten that applied across service industries and were essential to service improvement.They are as follows:
1.Lesson of listening -understand what customers really want through continuous learning about the expectations and perceptions of customers and noncustomers(e.g...by means of a service quality information system).2.Lesson of reliability-reliability is the single most important dimension of service quality and must be a service priority.3.Lesson of basic service-service companies must deliver the basics and do what they are supposed to do¬-keep promises, use common sense, listen to customers informed, and be determined to deliver value to customers.4.Lesson of service design-develop a holistic view of the service while managing its many details.5.Lesson of recovery-to satisfy customers who encounter a service problem, service companies should encourage customers to complain(and make it easy for them to do so), respond quickly and personality, and develop a problem resolution system.6.Lesson of surprising customers-although reliability is the most important dimension in meeting customers’ service expectations, process dimensions(e.g..assurance responsiveness, and empathy)are most important in exceeding customer expectations, for example, by surprising them with uncommon swiftness, grace, courtesy, competence, commitment, and understanding.7.Lesson of fair play -service companies must make special efforts to be fair and to demonstrate fairness to customers and employees.8.Lesson of teamwork-teamwork is what enable large organizations to deliver service with care and attentiveness by improving employee motivation and capabilities.9.Lesson of employee research-conduct research with employees to reveal why service problems occur and what companies must do to solve problems.10.Lesson of servant leadership-quality service comes from inspired leadership throughout the organization;from the effective use of information and technology;and from a slow-to-change, invisible, all-powerful, internal force called corporate culture.In our view, these ten lessons represented the foundation for service improvement.The potential for service improvement is diminished if even one of these ten essentials is missing.In our view, these ten lessons represented the foundation for service improvement.The potential for service improvement is diminished if even one of these ten essentials is missing.After ten years, the question of course is, Are the lessons still relevant? Do they still apply to American firms? We believe they do and wish more businesses had heeded them during the past ten years.Indeed, these lessons have stood the test of time;our regret is that so many firms have ignored them.Read, for example, the “Fair Play” section and ask yourself, Would the major airlines be in such financial distress today had they paid more attention to fundamental fairness? Many point to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack as the beginning of the airline industry’s troubles.In fact, the airlines began alienating frequent business travelers long before that, with anti-consumer policies that took advantage of business travelers’ inability to plan their travel weeks in advance.An industry that charges one customer $300 and another $1,300 for seats in the same class on the same flight—with the only difference the timing of the reservation—cannot and will not earn the confidence and loyalty of customers.As we write in the paper, “Customers expect service companies to play fair, and they become resentful and mistrustful when they perceive unfairness.”
If we were rewriting our paper today, we would emphasize the significance of quality service to all companies.We would argue that all companies are service companies in that all companies create customer value through services.Some firms
create value strictly through services and others through goods and services, but all stake their future on the quality of their service.We would stress even more than we did the importance of service reliability to earn the customers’ confidence and the importance of pleasant surprise to exceed customers’ expectations and establish strong relationships.We would stress the role of service quality in creating a differentiated brand;in services, the company is the brand and nothing is more powerful than customers’ actual experiences with the service in creating the brand.We also would stress the role of quality service in improving the quality of work life.Service excellence requires building an achievement culture in the organization, and achieving in one’s work is energizing and satisfying.Excellence is more fun than mediocrity for employees as well as customers.Yes, the ten service quality lessons still ring true ten years later.Indeed, in this post-Enron business climate, they seem to apply more than ever.The lessons remind us that excellent companies are excellent in the fundamentals.They listen to their customers and employees.They stand behind what they sell.They keep their promises.They invest in service “extras” that competitors ignore.They play fair and they play together.They view quality as a journey, not a destination—as a mission, not a program.提高服务质量的十项建议
里奥纳德·贝利,A·帕拉休拉曼,V·齐塞尔.2003 [03-104]
从1983年到1993年之间,贝利,帕拉休拉曼和齐塞尔等学者在美国营销科学协会的资助下对服务质量的五种差异进行了全面的研究,并且据此在MSI专栏、专业杂志和许多著作上发表文章。他们把自己的研究过程发表在MSI 1993年的一期专栏评论里,并且在1994年由美国行政管理协会再版。现在,它再次出版,下面让我们从序言中简单重访一下他们十年前的思考吧。
序言
优质的服务可以帮助企业实现利益的最大化和顾客成本的最小化,即实现价值传递的本质回归。优质的服务是竞争的关键,它对于大部分顾客和防止竞争对手的仿效有着重要的作用。事实上,每个行业中都有公司展现出优质的差异化服务所特有的魅力。然而,尽管如此,价格竞争仍然是个公司向顾客提供价值的有效主导。随着沃尔玛的迅速崛起和近年来更多的公司对于疲软的需求所采取的低价竞争策略使得越来越多的营销资源向价格的竞争策略倾斜,然而,很难说人们目前只考虑价格了。
对价格竞争的特别关注,意味着公司仅仅在顾客负担的价值部分进行竞争,而忽略了价值链中的利益部分。公司为了提升专业化往往强调进行降价而不是在服务质量上进行投资以改善其专业业务。如果管理人员都接受一个以如下为中心的经营主旨,那么美国的服务行业将大大的改善。这个主旨就是:更为激烈的价格竞争是我们的行业,我们公司的优质服务却更为重要。这因为一流的服务可以使顾客因为非价格因素而和我们合作。
1993年,我们在写评论的目的是考虑到我们的研究成果和经验可以给管理者提供从整体上改善服务的指导方针打下良好的理论基础。
我们根据服务质量差距的形式简述我们对于在整个服务行业以及服务改善的十个建议,它们是:
1.倾听— 通过不断的了解顾客以及非顾客群的期望来了解顾客的真正需求(例如:通过服务质量信息系统)。
2.可靠—可靠是衡量服务质量的重要标准,是优质服务的体现。
3.基本服务— 服务公司必须以此为基础并且做他们应该做的。例如:保持承诺,运用常识,倾听顾客需求,让用户获得必要消息,并且保证让用户体验的价值。
4.服务设计—在管理服务的众多细节的同时发展整体服务观念。
5.意见反馈— 为了使那些遇到服务问题的顾客满意,服务公司应该鼓励顾客多提意见(并且要让顾客能够方便的提出意见),并且快速而且人性化的回应顾客的意见以及建立一套意见反馈系统。
6.使顾客惊讶— 尽管在顾客的服务期望中可靠是最重要的衡量标准,而要超越顾客需求(例如:服务承诺,响应性以及人性化)就需要分析那些顾客的满意标准。例如:通过迅速的反馈速度、额外的优惠、礼貌服务、承诺以及对顾客的了解,使顾客感到惊讶。
7.公正— 服务公司必须采取特殊措施来保证顾客与员工的公平。
8.团队合作— 团队合作能够使得大集团通过改进员工工作动力和能力来提升服务。
9.员工研究— 对员工进行研究揭示了服务问题为什么发生以及公司为解决问题应该做什么。
10.领导的作用— 高品质服务来源于组织中领导的激励,良好的服务系统设计,信息和技术的有效运用,以及长期的、无形的、有力的、全面的力量即企业文化。
我们认为,这十个方面是改善服务的基础。如果连这十个要素都没有完全做好的话,那么改善服务质量的空间将会大大减少。
十年过去了,我们不禁会问这些建议还有用吗?它们是否仍然适用于美国公司呢?我们坚信,它们仍然可以,并且希望在过去的十年里有更多的企业听取了他们的建议。事实上,这些建议都经受住了时间的考验,令我们遗憾的是,许多的企业都忽略了他们。
举个例子,阅读本书“公平竞争”一章,并问自己如果各大航空公司能够更注重其本的公正,他们能有今天这样的财务危机吗?许多观点认为,2001年9.11的恐怖袭击事件是航空公司麻烦的开始。然而事实上,在那之前航空公司就开始忽略经常出差的顾客群体的利益。他们利用商务旅客不能提前数周安排行程的特点制定了不利于消费者的政策。同一航班上相同座位对一个顾客收费300美元,而对于另外一个顾客收费1300美元的唯一区别是他不能确定具体时间。这样的航空公司是不会赢得顾客的信任和忠诚的。当顾客感觉到不公平时,它就会产生不满和不信任。因此,我们在撰文时认为顾客期望企业能够在服务中予以公平。
如果今天要我们重写我们的著作,我们仍要强调优质服务的意义。我们认为,所公司都是服务公司,所有公司都是通过服务为顾客创造价值。一些公司通过建立严格的服务体系,一些是通过货物和服务为他人提供价值,但这都是其评价服务质量的一部分。我们要强调的不仅仅是我们通过获得顾客的信任以建立服务的可靠性,努力超越顾客的期望以创造顾客惊喜以及建立牢固的关系的重要性,我们更要强调服务质量在创造差异化品牌的作用。在服务方面,公司是品牌,没有什么比让顾客在创建品牌过程中的实际经验更有说服力。我们也将强调优质的服务在提高工作生活质量的作用。卓越服务的建立与优秀的组织文化,实践中不断的激励和满足是密不可分的。我们相信,对于员工和顾客来说,卓越比平庸更有吸引力。
是的,回头看看过去的十年,这些关于改善服务质量的建议仍然应用不广。但是,在这个后安然时代的商业环境,他们似乎比以往有更多的应用。这些建议告诉我们,在优秀的公司里往往是它们的基本层次做的优秀。他们能够倾听他们的顾客和员工,他们站在所卖的商品的深层次进行经营,他们信守承诺,他们投资于竞争对手忽视的 “额外”服务,他们公平经营,和平相处。在这些企业看来,质量是一个旅程,不是一个目标;是一种使命,而不是一个方案。
第三篇:BB成长
写这篇东西之前,首先跟姐姐表示歉意,在她生BB的时候,我刚好在开会,没有及时过去看她,很内疚,感觉自己很衰,还好现在母子平安,我的心也就安了。
团代学代开完,我的三年也就快完了,我的校园生活也就完了,我的学生会生涯也到此结束,我就要跟我亲爱的师弟师妹们说再见了(师妹是重点,师弟只是陪衬)!剩下的时间就只有回忆。
不知道从何说起比较好呢?听说很多学生会主席,副主席,卸任之后有很多回忆,但我在大会上念完报告,一点感觉都没有,就觉得我普通话很普通,听同学说念错了很多,也留了很多汗,西装很好看,其它感觉很淡定,很安稳的感觉,心里有很多话要说,也有很多要感谢的事,感谢的人
感谢祖国!
感谢家人一直对我的支持,说了我三年做学生会的事情,大一就叫我退了,因为我很喜欢学生会,所以一直坚持着,这次终于可以很认真跟他们说我退了。
感谢领导老师对我的关心与支持;
感谢06的师兄师姐对我的照顾;
感谢08的朋友们跟我一起奋斗;
感谢09的孩子们接下我们重担;
感学10的小朋友们跟我这个92的一起玩;
感谢学校的同学们对我们一直以来的宽容与谅解;
感谢各兄弟院校一直很给力;
感谢喜欢我和讨厌我的人;感谢爱我和恨我的人;感谢在台前幕后一直支持我的人; 感谢各位哥姐,感谢各位弟妹(妹比较重要);
以上感谢很多都是浮云,下面进行稍微详细的感谢;
感谢看我文章,然后又留言的人,一人奖励一根咪咪饼;
感谢景涛师兄,开学前一天带我回系里放东西,隔天帮助我报名,带我进系的学生会,也把我推到院学生会,才有今天的我,感谢!
感谢臻哥,最后2个多月的时间,教会我那么多东西,也让我懂得了很多东西,在毕业之后,还要经常被我烦,被我骚扰,有时候带问题上他家解决,感谢臻哥把我当弟看。
感谢刘老师,经常让我去拿东西,锻炼了我交接能力,沟通能力,还有把广州一些不知名的地方也逛了,感谢!感谢刘老师教会我很多道理,对我的白痴表现还是一概的原谅,在思想上,学习上,工作上,生活上,语言上,给予了我很大的帮助,感谢刘老师,还有一些刘老师叫我只能意会,但我都意会不到的东西,感谢刘姐姐也经常把我当弟看!
感谢雪芹,在进院学生会第一个教我东西的人,脸也被我捏爆的人,还有很多很多······ 感谢06的小○师姐,恐龙师姐,老板娘,还有一批06的师兄师姐,感谢你们。
感谢08的同志们,里面有:林跃林小P孩,跟我奋战到最后的小气鬼,菜花,菊花头,以后你再也气不到我了,哈哈······好爽!玉媚,春穗也是和我奋斗了很久,还有诺佳,海玲,文琳,文奇,晓苗,燕佳,楚波,小善,达,黄琳,国珺,章鱼,晓丽,鸿源,静韵,梅冰······还有一些,以后再补上,感谢你们,感谢你们对学生会的支持与理解!看到有你名字的人,每人都请我吃宵夜。
感谢09的孩子们,每位都很辛苦,排名不分先后,想到谁写谁,穗超,小鸟,晓洵,羊,鱼,鸡,晓宏,晓璇,俊杰,蚯蚓,晓薏,小兰,小桂子,如花,性宇,旭彬,昌其,润泽,焕舟,晓屏,奕鹏,小朋友,小贞,船国,小Q,晓敏,晓彬大队长,润洲,伟丽,阿亮,宏伟,潞杭······还有谁呢?
感谢10的小朋友们,一直都叫我聪哥,叫得我好爽,尤其是大家一起起哄的时候,我更爽!下面把10的小朋友也顺便带一下,16,华俊,敏怡胖子,珊珊,颖瘦妞,俊雅,贱文,大
斌,海鲜,俊杰,小芳子,树丰,佳欣,基福,莉莉,丽芳,倩仪,晓君,嘉俊,江文,曹凯······
感谢纪检队,感谢膳委会,感谢礼仪队(礼仪队是重点)我喜欢······
写不出很优美的句子,死了死了,要待续了!
感谢你,他X的学生会,让我得到很多,也失去很多,但我这个人就是犯贱,我就是喜欢,喜欢就是喜欢,没有啥理由,我亲爱的女朋友,2年半的感情,俺就此和你告别,你是我第一个,也是我最后一个,想一下,我在里面也付出了很多,不管是泪水还是汗水,时间证明了我没有白白走过,也证明了我是真心诚意的对待你,努力过,不后悔,希望你以后能走得更好,更幸福,小的也就安心······
有神马事,找回我,我一定鼎力支持,只要我在校!可惜了······
待续待续······
好累睡觉去!
第四篇:bb现实表现材料
×××同志现实表现材料
(××年×月×日)
×××同志,男,××年元月出生,大学文化,×××年×月入党,×年×月参加工作,×年担任××,×年×月任××至今。现将该同志任职的现实表现情况综合概括如下:
一、政治素质过硬,大局观念强。该同志思想觉悟高,党性修养好,始终与中央、省、市党委政府保持高度一致,坚定不移地贯彻执行上级指示精神,始终把地区发展事业摆在第一位,把党和人民的利益看得高于一切,始终按照“为官一任,造福一方”要求,胸怀大局,服务大局,维护大局,紧紧围绕发展大局开展工作。他勤于学习,谦虚谨慎,事业心强,从不计较个人的进退得失,为事业发展敢冒风险,敢担担子,敢负责任。
二、实践经验丰富,驾驭能力强。作为从基层成长起来的领导干部,×××同志对基层情况熟悉,××工作经验十分丰富,驾驭全局的能力强。无论是在×××的位臵上,还是在×××的位臵上,他都表现出统揽全局、协调各方的能力,既很好地维护了××的核心地位,又强化了×××的行政职能,与班子建立了融洽和谐、团结协作的良好关系,在干部群众中具有很高的威望。该同志娴熟××工作,对促进××地区经济发展很有办法,善于抓住关键环节,善于破解各种难题,作出了一系列事关发展大局的重大决策。近几年……(介绍成绩),发展成就的取得,得益于他的积极探索和不懈努力。该同志善于应对复杂局面和处理复杂问题,对
拆迁安臵、体制改革等上访问题,他都是直接面对群众,亲自协调矛盾,化解了许多历史遗留问题和信访难题,获得了群众的广泛好评。
三、开拓意识很强,决策水平高。该同志开拓创新的意识很强,敢于突破常规,勇于通过体制改革来化解矛盾,善于在机制创新中激发活力。……(举事例)。该同志思维层次高,决策能力强,在××发展的关键阶段,都制定实施了科学的改革举措和发展思路,使××在全区高速高效发展中抢占了先机,赢得了主动。他平时注重民主决策,善于把区委决策转化为推动实施的具体措施,形成干部群众的共识,从而使各项工作都得到很好的贯彻落实。对于看准的事,他大胆决策,敢于决断,坚定不移,一抓到底,各项工作都抓出了实效。在他的组织指挥下,………。他积极推进…………,加快了×××的崛起。
四、工作作风扎实,个人品格优。该同志作风端正,勤政务实,关心同志,心系群众,对事业负责任,对人民有感情,有广泛的群众基础。在×××工作期间,他严于律己,为政清廉,高度重视党风廉政建设,认真落实一岗双责,从不利用手中权力为自己或亲朋好友谋取私利,并严格要求身边的工作人员。他牵头制订了×××等系列工作制度,坚持严格按制度和程序办事,与班子共同营造出了一个求真务实、风清气正的政治环境。该同志为人处事公道正派,坦荡磊落,敢做敢为,平时与人为善,在原则问题上不怕得罪人,在干部群众中拥有良好的口碑。
××同志具备一个优秀领导干部所应有的思想品格、理论
素养、决策水平和实践能力,他团结和带领一班人与领导一道,通力协作,奋力攻坚,实现了建成经济强×的目标,取得了构建和谐社会的显著成果,聚集了高速高效发展的强大势能,拉开了××事业的恢宏篇章。
该同志的不足是:×××。
第五篇:迎新晚会bb
青海民族大学计算机学院2012年
迎新晚会活动方案
一、整体情况
1、晚会主题: 新起航,梦飞扬
2、晚会目的:又一年过去了,我们计算机学院迎来了新一届的同学,他们带着青春蓬勃的朝气和远大的志向加入到计算机学院这个团结友爱的大家庭。我们院学生会打算通过举办迎新联欢会,师生共聚一堂,欢迎他们的到来,向大一新生展现出我们计算机学院师生最热情活泼的一面,也为他们的大学生活开启一片崭新的乐章。同时,也促进大一各班之间的感情,并通过这个联欢会发掘我院的文艺人才,使他们的特长能得到更好的培养,还借它丰富大家的课余生活,提供一个展现个人魅力的舞台。而且通过晚会形式对大一新生的到来表示热烈欢迎,这样有助于增强新生的凝聚力和团结力,帮助同学们建立积极向上的学习、生活态度,并且增强与高年级学生的沟通与交流。
3、晚会宗旨:融合师生情谊,增进同学友情。
4、晚会要求:节目内容必须健康积极向上,能够充分活跃气氛,鼓励节目形式多样,有创新性和渲染力的节目优先。
5、时间:2012年9月28日17:00—20:30。
6、地点:东校学术报告厅
7、主办单位:计算机学院
承办单位:计算机学院团总支、学生会
协办单位:计算机学院艺术团
二、工作人员和项目组
1、工作人员
总顾问:青海民族大学计算机学院团总支书记 总策划:青海民族大学计算机学院主席团 统筹组:青海民族大学计算机学院学生会主席团 策划组委员:青海民族大学计算机学院学生会各部部长 工作组成员:青海民族大学计算机学院团总支、学生会全体成员
2、项目组:
(1)第一项目组:节目组 组长:江巴措毛 组员:文艺部成员
任务:a、完成节目收集、筛选及后期的排练、彩排工作b、主持人的选择、形象设计及台词审核c、负责节目的编排及晚会全流程的衔接d、准备好晚会所需的一切服装道具(2)第二项目组:宣传组 组长:黄瑶
组员:宣传部、生活部全体部员
任务:a、利用海报(包括手绘和喷绘海报)、横幅等方式开展宣传b、制作邀请函、节目单及桌签c、制作幕布喷绘
d、现场摄影及DV摄像e、节目CD的制作(3)第三项目组:外联组 组长:曾福生
组员:外联部、学习部全体部员
任务:a、负责联系商家以及完成承诺给予赞助商的服务工作。b、联系晚会所必要的道具和物品等(4)第四项目组:礼仪组 组长:刘冰 组员:商俊青等
任务:做好晚会期间的礼仪、引导工作。(5)第五项目组:舞台组 组长:鲁茸江才
组员:体育部、纪检部部员 任务:a、舞台搭建b、布置场地
c、维修音响线及舞台灯
d、舞台灯光设备、音箱设备的安装(6)第六项目组:物品组 组长:李珊美 组员:秘书处成员
任务:a、购买气球、礼花等物品
b、发放请柬c、摆放桌签、水(7)第七项目组:纪律组组长:张顺成 组员:纪检部
任务:a、安排各班座位b、班级考勤c、纪律晚会记录 晚会形式及内容 晚会形式:主题联谊晚会 晚会主题: 新起航,梦飞扬
参加晚会成员:计算机学院全体师生、各兄弟院系领导和嘉宾 晚会流程: 节目流程构想: 活动预算:
附加: 宣传预算:
音响维修预算: