大学基础英语写作的主要技巧有哪些

第一篇：大学基础英语写作的主要技巧有哪些

大学基础英语写作的主要技巧有哪些

大学基础英语写作的过程中的确很容易遇到各种各样的难题，面对着这些问题的出现，我们也需要一些合理的解决方式，而在下面的文章中就恰好给出了一些引导性的学习方向。

一般大学基础英语写作的主要技巧有哪些呢？那么在下面的文章中就已经介绍的很具体了，大家一旦在意识到了以后，自己才会在这些内容当中有所认知，关于不同写作方面的技巧也应该有一个合理的判断，正如在下面的文章中所介绍的那样。

技巧一：作文成绩看字迹，得分要素是第一

任何形式的作文考试，阅卷老师打分时，第一眼，看的是字迹。因此，写作文必须要把字写好。记住，考作文考的是内容，而不是书法，切忌字迹潦草。

技巧二：考试作文五六段，干净整洁看卷面

大学基础英语写作中，要注意及时分段，三四个段落显得少了，八九个段落，显得琐碎了些。除非有特殊情况，段落以五六个段落为好。

技巧三：色彩对比也关键，建议用笔选择蓝

考试作文的卷子上，都是用黑颜色印刷的方格。如果你用非常粗而且黑的钢笔答题，墨水容易“泄一滩”，影响卷面的干净。

技巧四：开头结尾要简练，最好首尾两行半

除了切忌大肚子作文外，“大头作文”也要不得。建议考生在写作文的时候，开头结尾占两行半的卷面。大学基础英语写作的主要技巧有哪些呢？实际上以上的内容就描述的很详细了，大家不仅仅要注意字迹的问题，还应该控制一下段落。不仅仅要注意色彩对比，还应该注意开头结尾的简练程度，这些方面都是影响英语写作成绩的关键。

第二篇：大学英语四级写作技巧简介

大学英语四级写作技巧简介

之一——文章结构

英文写作一直是学生们的弱项，四级考试将近，大家都很担心写作问题，在此我先简单介绍一下文章的结构问题，以后再谈其他方面。

四级写作一般以三段式展开，题目要求中通常包含三个要点，每个要点为一段（记住，一定要分段），第一段提出问题，第二段分析问题，第三段解决问题。

以历年的真题为例，2006年12月的题目为Spring Festival Gala on CCTV，要求：1。许多人喜欢看春节晚会；2。但有些人提出取消春节晚会；3。我的看法。“喜欢看春节晚会”是正常现象，应该作为问题的开端进行简短介绍，“有些人提出取消春节晚会”才是重点，必须给出相应的篇幅做详细阐述。最后表明我的观点，其实就是问作者的态度及解决这个矛盾的方法。又如2006年6月的题目：An Announcement for a Voluntary Program, 要求：1。校学生会组织一次暑假志愿活动现招募志愿者；2。本次志愿活动的目的、内容及安排；3。报名条件和联系方式。这仍是三段式的结构，第一段提出问题——告之大家会举办一次暑假志愿活动，第二段描述问题——介绍志愿活动的相关信息，第三段解决问题——怎样加入志愿活动（报名信息）。往年还考过写简历，写演讲稿，论述社会现象等题目，总是跳不出三段式，因此学生们必须掌握如何写三段式作文。

总的来说有三点要注意：1。开篇就得点题。文章字数有限，必须采取开门见山的方法，但开篇点题并不是说第一段第一句话就得提出问题，在这之前可以有所修饰，有导入的成分，但不要太长，一般第三句就得清楚、突出地把问题点出来。2。中间段阐述必须清楚。中间段是全文的核心部分，要做到阐述清楚，论证充分，要有一致性、连贯性和条理性。一般由主题句和扩展句组成，主题句是观点的高度浓缩，应该言简意赅；扩展句是对主题句的详细阐述，应该做到理由充分，内容一致。3。结尾段进行总结，并提出解决问题的方法。最后的总结在观点上可以重申但不可以重复，另外结尾一定要有所升华，不能仍停留在对问题的描述上，既然存在问题，就必须想办法解决。

至于如何开端、如何论述、如何结尾的问题，大家敬请期待下一回吧！当然我不会让大家久等的:)写作能力无法一口气提高，大家必须在平时勤修苦练。

之二——突出主题

Well begun is a half done，如何开头是值得注意的问题，它能确定你的文章给人留下的first impression。中国人喜欢先讲道理最后给出结论，而西方人习惯先下定义，再慢慢解释。按照西方人的思维方式，我们在写文章开头的时候就得突出主题，不拐弯抹角。

常见的开头的写作方法大致有下面几种： 1。引述名言谚语

eg: “You have to believe in yourself.That's the secret of success.” Charles Chaplin ever said.In my opinion, self-confidence is the first element on the way to your goal.As the old saying goes:“Knowledge is power.” The main way for us students to gain knowledge is from the books.So some students argue that we should read extensively...It is well known to us all that “...”

2.对比，比较

eg: Some people say..., while others claim that...Some people believe..., but others argue that...Old people often feel that..., but for the young, it is....3.提出一个问题

eg： What constitutes enough information for the decision-maker? It's impossible to put a number on it, but...Should the Spring Festival Gala be cancelled ? Different people have different answers.Misunderstanding is inevitable in communications.If such misfortuns occurs, what is your response? Here are some tips for you to treat it in a proper way.4。数据引证（一般用在看图作文中）

eg: As we can see in the charts(柱状图，圆形百分比图)，the number of Chinese people who go abroad has increased greatly between 1992 and 2002.As is clearly shown in the charts, there is an increasing number of people who own a car during the recent three years.The figures in this graph（曲线图）show us that...According to the graph, we can find that...It can be seen from the table（图表，表格）that...5.陈述现状

eg: With the rapid development of..., the interview is becoming more and more important in job-hunting.Because of the development of..., great changes have occured in the educational system of China.Nowadays mobilphone is very popular with college students.(很受学生欢迎)In recent years cheating in CET4 still prevails among the college students.（近几年里四级考试舞弊现象在大学生中仍然很普遍。）

It is well-accepted that nowadays dishonesty is a common phenomenon in society.(人们都意识到现今社会中普遍存在不诚实的现象)There is a heated debate over private car.Nowadays private car aroused a lot of controversy.偏离主题是写作中的大忌讳，它意味着考生做了30分钟的白工。为了避免这个问题我们一定要仔细省题，弄清楚考题要求是写议论文、说明文还是记叙文，然后确定文章主题和大致思路。

之三——主题句和扩展句

在明确了题目要求、确定立意后，应该根据题意构思出文章的框架结构。其中写好主题句是最关键的步骤。论述的段落包含多个主题句。主题句（topic sentence）反映段落的中心思想，体现文章的整体结构，让读者对作者的思路一目了然。要写好主题句必须注意以下几个方面：

1。主题句必须是个完整的句子，与文章主旨密切相关。

2。主题句一般是general sentence，内容明确、具体。

3。主题句内涵要广，便于展开细节论述。

比如，写一篇论述计算器的文章，主题思想是反映计算器能帮助人们快速解决算术问题，但过分依赖计算器会对人脑有不良影响。那么主题句应该要紧扣计算器的使用利弊这个方面，eg: Calculators can obveousely benefit us.However, overusing calculators will also do some harm to us.如果句子不够具体明确，段落的主题便模糊不清，在进一步阐述时会失去方向感。如：To improve English proficiency, one needs to acquire some skills.这句话中的some skills太泛，读者弄不清到底是哪方面的技能技巧。改成：To improve reading ability, one needs to acquire some reading skills.这样含义清楚，范围明确，便于细节描述。

而如果句子涉及的面太窄，不够general，没有进一步讨论的余地，这样的句子就不适合作主题句。如：Today more and more women are going out to work.这句话含义非常清楚，没有进行详细阐述的必要，所以它本身只能是细节句，用来解释主题句。

主题句确定后，必须有足够的细节去支持主题句所提出的观点，给出充分、有力的论证。这就是扩展句的任务。扩展句是段落的主干部分，是对主题句的中心思想的详细解释，它的特点是：1。清晰详实；2。条理分明；3。内容一致。如：主题句为：Cellphone is one of the most popular means of communication.那么接下来的扩展句应该要紧跟这个中心意思，有条理地进行阐述：（扩展句1）People make use of it to make an appointment, take a message for others, discuss a question and so on.（扩展句2）People even use it to have a meeting or give a notice.这两句话都说明了手机的社交功能，而且以递进的顺序排列，让读者更好地理解主题句的含义，具有说服力。

之四——段落的展开

主题句与扩展句构成段落，那么文章段落有什么样的特点呢？

1。段落一致性。

在一个段落就只有一个主题句，就是说一个段落就只能有一个中心思想，一个核心，段落中所有其他句子都要围绕这个中心展开或铺述，一切与主题句没有 直接关系的句子都要舍弃掉。如：However, fake commodities are extremely harmful to consumers as well as to the whole society.First of all, fake commodities may cause losses to consumers.Meanwhile, fake commodities may harm people's health, sometimes even lives.And in the 1998 fatal alcohol poisoning case in Shanxi Province, for example, a peasant produced “alcohol”, dreaming of becoming rich overnight;which, with 27 people killed and about 700 poisoned, caused great sufferings to the victims and shocked the whole country as well.Therefore, it is really high time we took action to crack down on the production and sale of fake commodities.第一句显然是主题句，其后作者用了三个扩展句进行说明，每句话都与主题句密切相关，最后的结尾句对整段论述做了升华。所以这一段落是符合一致性原则的。

2。段落连贯性

一个好段落在具体语言上和内容上要有连贯性，段落中的句子要符合一定的条理和逻辑顺序，句与句之间衔接要紧密，过度要自然、流畅，这样才能反映出一个清晰的思路。如：It is known to us all that modern transportation plays an important role in our life.In the past people used to suffer a great deal if they had to make a long journey or convey some heavy goods, the fact is that the transport means at that time was simple and rare.Today, various vehicles, ships and airplanes have enabled us to go wherever we like to.Not only does modern transportation bring people much convenience, but is also frees people from the hard work of conveyance.What is more important is that modern transportaion has saved much of our time so that we can do more work and learn more knowledge.第一句话点明主题，然后通过古今对比展开论述，按时间顺序排列，条理清楚，语句连贯自然。

按逻辑顺序安排细节是使段落连贯的方法之一，常用的顺序有四种：时间顺序、空间顺序、演绎法和归纳法。演绎法是先通过主题句给出一般的总体的观点，然后给出扩展句摆具体的事实，体现了一般到具体的顺序；归纳法是先给具体事实和细节，再概括总结出其中道理、规律，体现了具体到一般的顺序。

使段落连贯的方法之二是使用适当的连接手段，一般是指关联词的使用。这个问题我下次再详许述。

之五——段落的连贯性

在确定好一条条的扩展句后，怎样把这些句子流畅而连贯地组合在一起呢？这便是关联词发挥作用的时候了。在英语中，句与句之间、段与段之间一般都有连词或关联词连接，通过这些词读者能够很清楚地明白文章前后的逻辑联系。适当使用关联词是四级写作必备的技能，大家应该要引起特别重视。常用的关联词分为四类：

1。列举类

列举法常用在议论文中，当作者提出一个论点后，可通过列举出一系列事实对其进行说明或论证。列举类关联词有：

first(ly), second(ly),...finally;for one thing, for another;on the one hand, on the other hand;moreover;furthermore;what's more;in addition;besides;first of all;in the first place, in the second place;(at)last;then;next;the last but not the least 2。举例类

举例法是用事例或数据对中心观点进行说明论证的方法，举例类关联词有： for example;for instance;such as;like;take...for example;a case in point;namely;in other words;that is;especially;in particular 3。比较和对比

比较是把两种或两种以上的事物进行比较，以辨别出它们的相似之处；对比是将这些事物进行对照，辨别其差异而指出各自的特征和本质。这类关联词有：

but;however;yet;otherwise;while;in contrast;by contrast;on the contrary;similarly;likewise;like;conversely;rather than;instead;on the other hand;equally;nevertheless;nonetheless;unlike;still;in the same way;compared with...4.因果类

as a result;since;because(of);thanks to;due to;owing to;for this reason;hence;thus;therefore;on this/that account;on account of;consequently 5.总结类

总结法是指在表达了一个观点或举了一个例子后，进行总结、给出概括，这类关联词有：

in this case;according to;in a word;in brief;in short;to sum up

之六——四级写作万能句型

1）第一段：

（1）现状说明：“用于文章开头的语句”

1.When asked about.../ When it comes to.../ Faced with...most/many people believe that..., but other people consider it differently/ regard it as...2.When it comes to..., people's opinions differ.Some hold the opinion that..., while others claim that...3.There is no consensus of opinions among people as to the role/ view/ idea of....Some people claim that..., while others believe that....4.There is a general discussion today about the problem/ issue of....Those who criticize...argue that....They believe that...But people who advocate..., on the other hand, argue that....5.Most people are of the opinion that....But I personally believe that....6.Now people in growing numbers are beginning to realize that....7.Now, it is generally acknowledged that..., but I doubt whether....（2)图表描述：“用于描写图片或数据的语句” 1.In 1990, it increased/decreased from...to...2.By comparison with 1998, it decreased/increased by 3.The figure has nearly doubled, compared with/ as against that of last year.4.It has increased/ decreased almost twice/ six times, compared with...5.The number is twice/ four times/ half as much as that of 1990.6.It accounts for/ takes up...percent of the total.(占……的比例)7.The number was more than/ less than..., a half/ third/ quater of the 1990 total.2）第二段：

（1）原因列举：“用于解释原因的语句”

1.The phenomenon/change in...mainly result from the fact that...2.One may regard the phenomenon as a...sign of.../ response to...3.There are many causes/ reasons for this dramatic growth/decrease.First,...Second,...Finally,...4.A number of factors can account for the change in...5.Another contributory factor of...is...6.Why do people...? For one thing,...for another,.../ One reason is...Another is...Perhaps the primary reason is....7....is also responsible for the rise/ decrease in...（2）观点陈述：“用于比较、驳斥的语句” I．用于比较的语句

1.The advantages of A outweigh any benefit we gain from B.2.Good as A is, it has its own disadvantages.For one thing, it...;for another, it....3.Although A has enormous/ much/ considerable/ a distinct advantage over B..., it can not compete with B in...4.A's advantage sounds ridiculous/ means nothing when B's advantages are considered.6 II．用于驳斥的语句

1.Although a lot of people believe that..., I doubt/ wonder whether the argument bears much analysis/ close examination 2.As opposed to widely held ideas, I believe/ think/ argue that...3.Although the popular belief/ idea is that...,(a)current study/ survey indicates that...4.They may be right about..., but they seem to neglect/ fail to mention/ consider the fact that...5.Although it is widely accepted that..., it is unlikely to be true that...6.It is true that..., but this is not to say/ it doesn't mean that...7.There is/are absolutely no/ in fact every reason(s)for us to believe/ accept/ resist/ reject that...8.What these people fail to understand/ consider/ mention is that...9.You/ One may think/ argue/ say that....It probably will.But...10.It is one thing to believe that..., but it is quite another to say that...3）第三段：

结束语：“用于文章结尾的语句”

1.From what has been discussed above/ Taking into account all these features/ Judging from all evidence offered, we may safely draw the conclusion that....2.All the evidence supports an unshakable conclusion that....3.It is(high)time that we placed great emphasis on....4.It is(high)time we put an end to the undesirable phenomenon of....5.There is little doubt/ no denying that further attention must be paid to the problem of....6.It is necessary that effective actions should be taken to prevent the situation.

第三篇：大学英语四级作文写作技巧

Composition Practice

大学英语四级写作的基本体裁,从表达手段来分,一般可分为记叙文、描写文、说明文、议论文和应用文.我们将在下面进行具体的练习.但是目前四级考试的作文基本形式是有情景的应用文,也是属于几种写作形式的有机结合,需要同学们在写作过程中灵活运用各种体裁和形式.这个精神非常符合目前大学英语以及整个教育形势的发展:即对学生综合能力的测试.大学英语四级考试写作应试技巧

写作的评分依据是：切题、条理、语言和字数。所谓切题就是看你写的作文是否跑题。所谓条理是指每一段的议论的正反清楚，说明的几个方面清楚，描述的时间正确。

一、审题

我们拿到作文后第一件事要做的就是审题。审题的作用在于使你的写作不跑题（如果跑题，条理和语言再好，也得不到及格分，甚至0分。）那么审题要审什么呢？

1． 体裁（议论文、说明文、描述文）

审题就是要审作文的体裁和题材。因为什么样的体裁就会用什么样的题材去写。那么体裁包括哪些呢？就四、六级考试而言，它包括议论文、说明文和描述文。从近些年来看，四、六级作文不是单一的体裁，而是几种体裁的杂合体。例如有一次四级写题是这样出的：

Directions: For this part, your are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Trying to Be A Good University Student.You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:

（1）做合格大学生的必要性（2）做合格大学生的必备条件（可以德智体等方面谈）（3）我打算这样做

很多人说这种类型的作文是议论文。我们认为说它是议论文是片面的。因为

第一段要求写 “...必要性”，这说明本段体裁是议论文；第二段要求写“...必备条件”，这说明本段要求写说明文；而第三段要求写“...这样做”，说明本段要求写的是描述文。所以我们说在大多数情况下，四、六级作文是三种体裁的杂合体。

Directions: For this part, your are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Trying to Be A Good University Student.You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the

outline(given in Chinese)below:

（1）做合格大学生的必要性（2）做合格大学生的必备条件（可以德智体等方面谈）（3）我打算这样做

很多人说这种类型的作文是议论文。我们认为说它是议论文是片面的。因为

第一段要求写 “...必要性”，这说明本段体裁是议论文；第二段要求写“...必备条件”，这说明本段要求写说明文；而第三段要求写“...这样做”，说明本段要求写的是描述文。所以我们说在大多数情况下，四、六级作文是三种体裁的杂合体。

2．根据不同体裁确定写作方法

我们审题的目的就在于根据不同的体裁来确定不同的写作方法。通过审题，我们可以看出四、六级作文大都是三段式。如上例第一段为议论体、第二段为说明体、第三段为描述体。议论体有议论体的写作方式、说明体有说明体的写作方式、描述体也有它自身的写作特点。第一段为议论文：它的写作特点是要有论点和论据，而且往往从正反两面来论述。例如上面题目的第一段的写作思路是：做合格大学生，会怎么样（这是从正面论述）；不能做倒合格大学生，会怎么样（从反面论述）；所以我们要做合格的大学生（结论）。第二段为说明文：它的写作特点是从几方面或几条来说明一个问题，就跟某一机器的说明书一样通过1、2、3说明它的用途。就以上面的作文而言，我们从三个方面（德智体）来说明做合格大学生的必要性。第三段为描述文：以“人”为中心描述一个“做”的过程。跟上两段相比，本段的主语多为人称代词。它要与第二段相呼应进行描述。

二、主题句

通过审题，我们知道了写作的思路。下边我们就谈怎么样写。第一步就是要写主题句。主题句是确保不跑题的前提，只有不跑题才有可能得及格分。写主题句最保险的方法就是把各要求句译成英语。例如上述作文的三段主题句分别为：

☆ It is very necessary to be a good university student.(议论体主题句)

☆ There are several respects of necessities to be a good university student.（说明体的主题句）

☆ What I will do in the future is the following.（描述题的主题句）如果要求句是英语就可以把它扩充成主题句，例如这样的一篇做文：

Good Health

（1）Importance of good health（2）Ways to keep fit（3）

My own practice

这样的作文的要求句就可以扩展成主题句。扩展后三段的主题句分别为：

☆ It is very important to have good health.(将名词importance变成形容词important)☆ There are four ways to keep fit for me.(用there be句型)☆ My own practices are the following.（采用原词）

三、条理

保证不跑题是写作当中第一重要任务，第二个重要任务就是条理清楚。对于议论文来说，正反面要清楚。对于说明文来说，1、2、3条要清楚，对于描述文要来，谁干什么要清楚。就拿上例Good Health来说，第一段保持正反面要清楚就应这样写：主题句（It is very important to have good health.,正面（With good health, we can...）,反面(Without good health, we can do nothing.We can't do...)

第二段应当这样写：主题句（There are four ways to keep fit.）从几方面说明： Firstly, we should have our breakfast in the morning.Second, we should have a nap at noon.Third, sports exercises are necessary in the afternoon.And fourth, we could have a pleasant feeling in the evening by listening to the music....）

为了使文章更具关于条理性，我们可以用first(ly),second(ly),third(ly)等副词，他们可以使文章的条理性十分突出。作文是主观性题，要想得高分我们必须把评卷老师考虑进去。评卷老师的时间很短（每份卷子的作文只有一两分钟就要阅完），所以我们在列条条时最好不用：To begin with,...After that,...And then,...The next,...The following,...At last...。因为用这样的词语不利于阅卷老师看出你作文的条理性。

第三段应当这样写：主题句（My own practices are the following.）具体情况（主语为第一人称代词I，与第二段呼应）In the morning, I have my breakfast.At noon, I have a nap.And in the afternoon, I always play football.In the evening, I usually listen to the classic music.

综上所述，如果我们按以上几节的方法去做，就可以保证及格以上分数。四、十二句作文法

在作文的评分标准中字数也是一个要求。

四、六级的作文要求是要写出120-150字。对于这样的要求考生不必怕写不够。我们知道，四、六级作文大都是三段式。我们算一下，如果我们在每一段中写上四句话，即主题句加两三句扩展句和一个结论句就可以了。这样全篇在十二句左右。每一句十多个词，这样就

是120-150字。同时，我们也提醒大家，不能写得太多，写得多容易跑题。在写作时，我们要横向写作，即写某一问题的横段面。例如，上面讲到健康的重要性时，我们只写四句就可以了。第一句主题句，第二句从正面论述，第三句从反面论述，第四句为结论句。但有的同学在写的时候说“健康非常重要，”然后就写“吃波莱非常重要”，因为波菜含有丰富的铁，铁对人是非常重要的，因为...。这样的作文的基本模式是A-B B-C C-D D-E以此类推。这就叫流水账，没有中心。我们写作时要根据横段面去写，而不要写成流水账。避免写成流水账的方法是不要就前一句中的一个非重点词再进行描述。而要对主题句从横段面去写，写完一个横段面就不要再对这一横段面进行阐述了，应当去写别一个横段面。

如果我们感觉字数不够，就在每一句或某些句子上添加些词词就行了。例如我们感觉上边第二段不够长，就可以这样来加词：

主题句There are four ways to keep fit.-There are four or more ways to keep fit for everyone of us.从几方面说明： Firstly, we should have our breakfast in the morning.Firstly, we should have our breakfast, such as milk, eggs, bread and so on, in the morning.Second, we should have a nap at noon.Secondly, we should have a short nap, even 30 minutes, at noon.Third, sports exercises are necessary in the afternoon.And fourthly, we could have a pleasant feeling in the evening by listening to both popular and classic music.

这样一来，我们只要保持本句的主题不变加添一些次要词就能达到字数的规定标准

第四篇：大学英语作文写作技巧指导

大学英语作文写作技巧指导

安保良

2010.6

谈起大学英语作文，很多同学都感到茫然。棘手程度大有“下笔一句话，捻断数根须”的感觉。其实大学英语作文不外乎就是用200字左右的英文简要的阐述一个观点、描述一个现象或是记叙一件事情等等。可以说如果是换成中文来写，估计连很多小学生都能写得的心应手，但改成了用英文来写，可就难倒了芸芸众生啊。

那么问题何在呢，就我自己多年来的学习和教学经验看来，主要存在以下三个方面的原因：

第一 英语基础知识太差，简称根基不牢。

第二 英语应用能力太差，简称实战不足。

第三 英语思维能力太差，简称语感不强。

以上三个方面详细说来，主要包括以下内容：

A.根基不牢主要体现在：

1.语法知识太差：写作完全不注意句子、句式、结构、时态、数的变化。

2.词汇量太少：

通篇的单词错误，或是只能用初级浅显的词汇重复的表达。

3.表达积累不够：单调的重复一种表达，口水话连篇，或是句子生硬无活力。

B.实战不足主要体现在： 1.不能很好的审题：对写作要求把握不切题，甚至直接写偏题。

2.不知道如何着手：拿到话题半天下不了笔，不知道如何开头。特别是遇到陌生话题或体裁的文章更是一头雾水，找不着北。

C.语感不强主要体现在：

1.表达不够精炼：所写的句子大都是中国式英语，把汉英两种语言的表达习惯混为一谈。

2.逻辑不够清晰：文章层次不明、混乱不堪，想一句写一句。句子和句子之间、段落和段落之间缺乏连贯性。

3.写作速度缓慢：用英文组织篇章的能力较差，半天写不出一句话，大有抓破头皮抠一句话之势。

总结来说，根据以上分析的问题所在，大致可以做出以下对策：

1.提高基础知识：

a.买本简易的语法讲解书，细致的分析各种语法现象，把自己弄不懂的单独勾画出来，通过查资料和请教老师等手段一直到弄懂为止。b.准备一本四级词汇书，并分析历年的三、四级考试题型中出现的常用词汇和表达，坚持记忆和听写。并注意分析词汇规律，找到最合适的记忆方法。

c.把历年的四级写作范文反复的诵读，并且背诵10篇左右自己喜欢的文章，积累各种句式和表达。

2.提高实战运用能力：

a.每拿到一篇文章都需要仔细阅读题干要求，确定所写的体裁是议论文、记叙文或是应用文等。并且对所给的outline部分一定要仔细阅读，并融入到自己的写作当中。b.总结历次的写作规律，积累大量的经典句型和表达习惯。能很快的结合题干做好开篇首段的引入。要求平时在练习写作的时候，快速组织语言，并在大脑中储存大量首段的起始型表达句式。同时要尽可能多的接触各种题材的文章，多积累些素材，以扫除知识储备的空白。如果遇到自己没见过的题材或是话题，也不必惊慌。

三、四级作文大都有固定的套路，要冷静审题，并在脑子里或是草稿本上理出写作思路，然后结合自己的知识储备逐步逐步的展开，文章依然水到渠成。

3.提高思维能力

a.学会摘录名篇名句，用大量经典和优美的表达为自己的文章润色。不管是词汇、短语还是句子都要力求精准、地道。平时要学会背诵和模仿，反复的诵读课文或是课外读物上的一些地道语的表达，以逐步摆脱汉语式的表达习惯。b.学会用英语来思考问题和描述问题，这就要求平时进行大量的口语练习和写作练习，不管是随机的还是计划好的，要做到随时提及到一个问题，马上要用英文快速的做出反应，强制自己的大脑用英语快速思维，扫除语言障碍。如果出现了障碍就马上停下来，分析障碍出现的原因，解决后马上重复练习，直到能脱口而出，信手拈来。

c.平时练习写作的时候要给自己限定时间，三级作文30分钟100字左右，四级作文30分钟150字左右。平时可以限定自己在25分钟内完成写作要求，注意思维的敏捷性，同时也要注意提高自己的写作速度，不过也要兼顾自己的书写美观度。

以下是两篇优秀范文，请大家注意分析和总结：

1.Writing(三级作文)：5.12地震给灾区人民带来巨大的灾难，特别是对灾区的小孩子们心灵带来巨大的重创，请你以大学生的名义给灾区孩子写一封慰问信，要求不少于100字。

A Letter to Children in the Disaster

May, 10, 2009 Dear my little friends, You may feel surprised to receive my letter and even don’t know who I am.But It doesn't’ matter and I am writing to you to extend my best wishes and my consolation.I am a college student, so you can call me big sister.The earthquake has taken away many things you loved and cared, but to our great fortune, you all survived.Please never lose your hope of continuing your life and never give up the determination to conquer the disaster.Remember that there are always a lot of people who are giving their concerns and love to you all the time.Although we have not seen each other, we are still living in one big family.Cheer up and go on with your life with great courage.Tomorrow will be better!

Yours sincerely

XXXX

2.writing（四级作文）当前伴随着人类文明的发展和社会的进步，世界进入了一个新的时代，但是与之同时的是野生动物却遭遇了灭顶之灾。全球大量的野生动物数量急剧下降，甚至很多物种已经灭绝或是走向灭绝。请以保护野生动物为话题，分析形势并给出解决方案，要求不少于150字

Saving animals

There is an undeniable fact that the number of animals is declining faster than ever before.According to a recent survey made by some experts, about 37 species disappear from our earth every year.It is obvious that the problem has become a serious one worth our concern.When we explore this problem, some underlying factors emerge.In the very first place, human beings have played a big part.With the fast development of human society, the environment is much destroyed, and animals lose their home.Accordingly, some species become extinct.What’s more, people hunt animals for food and skin.A good case in point is that the Japanese have killed a lot of whales because they like to eat the meat.In addition, human beings are largely responsible for the pollution of natural environment, and poison animals in many ways.The current problem, I believe, should be solved immediately.First of all, our government should play a key role in making relevant rules and protecting animals.Secondly, the general public should also be educated to value the existence of these animals on our planet.All in all, animals belong, as important as human beings, to the same one planet.We should live together harmoniously and make the world more beautiful.为了使同学们的写作表达更加精炼，我特搜集了一些语言表达，请同学们认真积累，并灵活使用：

第一 遣词（words selection）

1.非常：very much/quite a lot/greatly/extremely/highly/ extraordinarily/profoundly/considerably/ 2.巨大：giant/massive/immense/powerful/enormous/magnificent/greatness/vastness/tremendous

3.深刻、深远: deeply/profoundly/deep-going/deep and far/far-reaching/everlasting/impressive 4.不同寻常、杰出: extraordinary/excellent/outstanding/exceptional/superior/distinguished/prominent/unique/eminent/well-known/celebrated/distinctive/unique

5.壮观:spectacular/splendid/gorgeous/glorious/magnificent/brilliant/breathtaking 6.好的：fabulous/amazing/sensational/great/incredible/unbelievable/perfect 7.目前: nowadays/at the present time/ presently/ currently/recently/ lately/so far 8.过去：in the past/ long long ago/ several years ago/ decades ago/ centuries ago

9.时间：for a while/ for generations/ in a short while/ right now/ at once/ ever after 10.数量: plenty of/a great deal of/ a large number of/a big amount of / few of/ a small proportion of/ a little bit of/ abundant/ considerable/ rich and colourful/plentiful/ copious/a pile of /a stack of/ a dozen of/ a bunch of / a handful of/

11.范围: a wide range of/ a large scale of/ a small scope of / under such extent/ to some extent/ to be expanded/ to be narrowed/ to extend/ to spread/ to stretch 12.种类: a type of / a sort of / a variety of/ category/class/level/species

13.足够: enough/adequate/sufficient/fulfilled/ more than enough/ rich and full 14.感谢: appreciate/thankful/ grateful/ gratitude/acknowledgement/

15.悲痛: painful/sorrowful/grieved/miserable/unpleasant/deep sorrow/terrible 16.消极negative/ passive/ destructive/harmful/side-effect/downside

17.积极: positive/active/constructive/helpful/beneficial/profitable/promising/hopeful 18.聪明: bright/ wise/ intelligent/ brilliant

19.优雅: graceful/elegant/generous/politely 20.活力:vigorous/ thriving/ prosperous/energetic/flourishing/auspicious/blooming/in the ascendant

21.程度 by far/utmost/even/worsely/ 22.举例: for instance/ for example/ a good example can be found that…/it is said that…/ accordingly/ such as/ as follows/

23.总体: at large/ as a whole/ generally/ on the average/in the mass/ overall/ in totality/ on aggregate 24.珍贵: precious/ valuable/ worthwhile/once-in-a-lifetime/

25.必要: necessary/ essential/ indispensable/imperative 26.稀有:rare/scarcely/barely/

27.最后：in the end/ finally/ eventually/lastly/ 28.最初：in the very beginning/ originally/initially/at first

29.喜欢：be fond of/ enjoy/ revel in/ keen on/ be fascinated with/ be obsessed with 30.想做：would like to/ desire to / be willing to/ eager to / dream about doing/look forward to doing/long for/ expect to do …

31.可能：perhaps/maybe/possibly/probably/likely 32.合适：suitable/applicable/appropriate/proper

第二．造句 在写作当中要灵活的采用多种句式，才能让文章表达更加精彩纷呈：

1.倒装： 半倒装和全倒装，适当的利用倒装可以起到强调和突出的作用，让 阅读者有种耳目为之一新的感觉。

在英文表达中用only或否定副词或否定短语开头的句子用半倒装，半倒装需要把助动词提前到主语前面：

a.Only through this way can we solve the problem.b.By no means should we give up the chance.c.Under no circumstances should we shrink.d.Not until she had told me the story did I know the truth.而在英文中直接把副词,过去分词或副词短语提前用全倒装，全倒装是直接把谓动词提前到主语前面： a.Here comes a car.b.Enclosed is a letter.c.Immediately crashed the aircraft.d.In such case reaches the goal.2.强调：常用在写作中的强调句型有两种，一种是加情态动词do，另一种是用it is….that结构的强调。强调句型的灵活使用，可以突出重点，加强语气：

a.I do believe that human beings cannot survive without air.b.It was not until 7 days later that I discovered his death.c.It is the government who is supposed to take immediate actions.3.虚拟：虚拟语气表达的是一种愿望或是一种假设或是一种与事实不符合的描述，在写作中偶尔穿插一些虚拟表达，可以很好的传递写作情感： a.If people had paid close attention to the endangered troubles, the disaster could not happen now.b.If time could return, I would go back to the past.c.I wish I had made her as my friends in my childhood.d.A good suggestion can be made that government should set more strict rules.4.推测：推测句型用于表达一定可能性，在写作中借用推测可以使表述更加精准： a.It must have happened ten years ago.b.I guess they couldn’t have come here yet.c.Technology might change the whole universe someday.5.让步：让步是进行一定得语气转述，在习作中让步的运用可以使表达更加富有节奏感： a.Even though many people died of hunger, the government’s rescue goods were not sent yet.b.Although the world economy deeply declined for the Financial Crisis, the Chinese government still have full confidence to keep a rapid economic growth.c.Teacher as he is, he regards all the students as his own children.6.非谓语：非谓语常包括to do, doing, done三种形式，非谓语表达是拓展句子意思，提高句子质量的关键句型，可以说能否灵活的运用非谓语是衡量一个学生语言掌握好坏的一个参照： a.Focusing on this issue, we always ignore some small but important details.b.Having been warned many times, he still turns a deaf ear to it.c.Caught in the fire, he was at a emergency.d.People always get used to act on their own, overlooking others’ needs.e.Frustrated in the final exam, the young man just committed suicide.f.To catch up with America, China has speeded up to develop its economy.g.They all went away, leaving me alone.h.Following our ancestors’ steps, we keep all the traditions.7.从句：包括时间、地点、方式、原因、主语、宾语、定语、同位语等。从句的应用可以更好的增添句子表达的多样性和生动性，较好的掌握从句，是摆脱初级英语的一个表现： a.As winter comes, spring is approaching.b.When comes to the end, it shows the truth.c.I don’t care where you come from.d.Just ask how it can be finished.e.I have no idea why she broke up with me.f.That she didn’t come yesterday resulted in a delay of the meeting.g.I love you is not because who you are, but because who I am when….h.It is a serious problem which has existed for many years.i.I’ve never heard the news that human beings can solve all the problems alone.8.it is 结构形式主语和it做形式宾语，这种表达可以使句子看更加协调，不至于头重脚轻： a.It is quite necessary that mankind should stop destroy the nature at once.b.It is extremely essential to invite that famous expert to give a speech.c.It is impossible that money can solve every problem.d.It is easy/difficult to adjust to life in London.e.It is said that history is created by men.f.It is well-known that Einstein is a great scientist.g.I find it hard to work out the trouble.9.插入语：插入语起着补充说明的作用，不充当句子成分，但是在表达中合理的使用插入语，可以使表达更加地道： a.The competition for scholarships and grants is, however, extremely strong.b.This issue is, I think, very vital to the current situation.c.Primary students, for example, are quite smart and cute.d.A teacher, together with a large group of students, is now having a discussion.e.A man, without the support of his family, can never succeed.第三，连贯性 一篇优秀的文章一定是一篇很地道流畅的文章，而要做到流畅、一气呵成，就必须要注意句子表达的连贯性，而要做到连贯就必须注重衔接词的考究：

A.表示次序：

1.firstly, secondly, thirdly….2.on one hand….,on the other(hand)…

3.For one,……Secondly…., and thirdly…

4.The first step is,….As the second point,…..the last one which is also very important is….B.表示递进：

1…..the most important aspect is…..2….what really matters is … 3… not only….but also… 4….what’s more….5…to make it more simplified,….6…above all…

C.表转折

1.although…….2….., however,….3.not……but….4.on the contrary…

5.conversely….6.It is said that …….In other words, it is actually

7.even though 8.even if… 9.in spite of 10.depspite 11.regardless

D.表承接

1.obviously….2.generally speaking….3.in view of …

4.in accordance with… 5.in terms of 6.in light of

7.concerning….8.regarding… 9.considering… 10.in support of

11.on the arrival of 12.to some extent 13.as for as I know… 14.as is known to us… 15.after all…

E.表原因

1.it is because….2.because of…

3.the reason for….is that….4.that’s why….5.due to…

6.as…/ since…./ for….7.date back to…

8.date from

7.result from

F.表条件

1.if….2.what if

3.i f only…

4.as long as…

5.supposing that….hence….6.in case that

G.表结果

1.to sum up 2.in conclusion 3.all in all 4.in a word 5.in the end

6.finally/eventually 7.it turns out that…

8.it results in…

9.naturally….10.therefore/ thus/ so /

第五篇：广东高考英语基础写作技巧指导(经典)

广东高考英语基础写作训练技巧指导

一、写作的基本要求

1、信息完整（所写的文章中一定要包含所有的写作内容）

2、不超过5句话（句子的复杂性，多使用从句，非谓语动词和连词及一些复杂的句型）

3、内容清楚连贯，逻辑性强（使用恰当的连词，使文章连贯）

4、尽量减免语法错误

二、写作技巧以及顺序

A.通篇浏览，把握整体。浏览文章信息，并对其进行处理，将其分割成五句话，做到哪句话包含哪些信息心中有数。

B.集中兵力，逐个击破。在第一步的基础上，把五个句子逐一写清楚，包含所需信息。在组织句子时注意以下几点：

1.一个句子首先要找清楚主谓宾，然后想办法拓展这句话，把其它的信息加进去。

2.一个句子有且仅有一个谓语（并列谓语）。

3.将多个句子并到一起，并且要做到只有一个谓语的话，有3种方法：

1）使用各种连词。

More than 50% of the students in China are short-sighted and it ranks the first in the world.句中用到and连接2个并列简单句，前后都可保留谓语，顺利将2句变成一句。

连词包括具有递进关系的并列句，如由and，then，besides，in addition, furthermore，moreover, what’s more等连接的并列句，具有转折关系的并列句，如由but，however，on the contrary, after all等连接的并列句，具有平行选择关系的并列句，如由both…and…，as well as，as well，neither…nor…or，either…or…，not only…but also…等连接的并列句。

2）使用从句。包括含有名词性从句的复合句，含有定语从句的复合句，含有状语从句的复合句。

More than 50% of the students in China are short-sighted, which ranks the first in the world.3）使用非谓语动词，及一些特殊句型。如使用强调句、倒装句、含有with复合结构的句子、there be开头的句子、以形式主语it开头的句子等。

More than 50% of the students in China are short-sighted, ranking the first in the world.非谓语动词ranking作结果状语，表“主动”。

C.想办法为作文加分

1.多多使用各种连词，使文章更为连贯。

顺接/递进：Firstly/ secondly/thirdly, besides, in addition, what’s more, what’s worse, what’s more important, moreover, also, finally, last but not least,.转折：but, however, nevertheless(然而), yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, while 原因：because, because of, since, as, for, now that, thanks to, due to

结果：so, therefore, as a result, so that, then, so „that, such „that

总结：to sum up, to conclude, in conclusion, in summary, finally, in a word, in general, in short, above all, after all, generally speaking,2.多使用高级词汇，句式和短语进行变换，不要重复使用一个句式和短语。同时要注意避免常见错误：

1）不要为了减少句数而不断使用逗号，一定要通过从句，连词，非谓语等来减少句数。

如：It was raining hard, they could not work in the fields.改为： It was raining hard, so they could not work in the fields.They could not work in the fields, because it was raining hard.2）时态错误：一定要根据文章的语境判断该使用的时态