2014高考时态题

第一篇：2014高考时态题

2014高考英语试题---动词时态与语态

(2014安徽卷)23．The twins, who______ their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground.A.will finishB.finishC.have finishedD.had finished(2014山东卷)1.Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we ______.A.will expectB.are expectingC.expectD.had expected(2014山东卷)5.They made up their mind that they______ a new house once Larry changed jobs.A.boughtB.would buyC.have boughtD.had bought(2014北京卷)22.—Hi, let’s go skating.—Sorry, I’m busy right now.I ___ in an application form for a new job.A.fillB.have filledC.am fillingD.will fill(2014北京卷)31.—What time is it?

— I have no idea.But just a minute, I ______ it for you.A.checkB.checkedC.will checkD.would check

(2014北京卷)32.I found the lecture hard to follow because it ______ when I arrived.A.startedB.was startingC.would start D.had started(2014福建卷)23.—Haven't seen you for ages!Where have you been?

—I went to Ningxia and____ there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.A.stayedB.stayC.had stayedD.am staying

(2014湖南卷)28.Since the time humankind started gardening, we ______ to make our environment more beautiful.A.tryB.have been tryingC.are tryingD.will try(2014湖南卷)34.Whenever you______ a present, you should think about it from the receiver’s point of view.A.bought B.have boughtC.will buy D.buy

(2014江苏卷)23.—How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?

—Well, the media______ it in a variety of forms.A.coverB.will coverC.have covered D.covered(2014江西卷)24.—Tony , why are your eyes red ?

—I ______ up peppers for the last five minutes.A.cutB.was cuttingC.had cutD.have been cutting(2014全国大纲卷)22.Unless extra money______, the theatre will close.A.was foundB.findsC.is foundD.found(2014全国大纲卷)32.The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody ______ them since.A.seesB.sawC.has seenD.had seen(2014陕西卷)22.During his stay in Xi’an, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends ______.A.would recommend B.had recommendedC.have recommended D.were recommending

(2014四川卷)9.She ______ someone, so I nodded to her and went away.A.phoned B.had phoned C.was phoningD.has phoned(2014天津卷)11.We won’t start the work until all the preparations______.A.are being madeB.will be madeC.have been madeD.had been made

(2014浙江卷)11.Sofia looked around at all the faces;she had the impression that she ______ most of the guests before.A.has seenB.had seenC.sawD.would see(2014重庆卷)4.You’d better write down her phone number before you ____ it.A.forget B.are forgettingC.forgotD.will forget(2014重庆卷)8.James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he ______ until yesterday.A.will comeB.was comingC.had comeD.came

【答案】D【解析】句意：已经完成家庭作业，这对双胞胎允许在操场上打羽毛球。根据句意可知他们完成作业是在被允许到操场上打羽毛球之前。过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。根据句意可知，finish是过去动作(were allowed)之前已完成的回答者叙述客观讲述过去了生的事，他在宁夏待了一年，没有强调过去发生的事情对现在的影响，也没有持续到现在，因为他已经回来了，所以空格处用一般过去时陈述事实。【答案】B【解析】句意：自从人类开始搞园艺活动以来，我们一直都在设法让我们的环境变得更美丽。现在完成进行时常表示动作从某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，或者刚刚终止，或者可能词时态。句意：在2012年这些报告就不见了，从那以

后没有人见过。现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。句中的关键词since表明空格处用现在完成时。故C正确。【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在Jerry在西安停留期间，他几乎品尝了朋友向他推荐的所有方食物。过去完成动作，所以用过去完成时。【答案】D【解析】句意：亲手填写所有的邀请函比我们预料的更耗时。过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。根据句意可知，expect是过去动作之前已完成的动作，所以用过去完成时。【答案】B【解析】句意：他们决定，一旦拉里换了工作就买新房子。一般过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。根据句意可知，空格处表示将要发生的事情，所以用过去将来时。【答案】C【解析】句意：—喂，我们去滑冰吧！—对不起，我现在很忙，正在填写一份新工作的申请表。现在进行时是表示说话之时或现阶段正在或一直进行或发生的动作。其形式为：be+动词的ing（现在分词）。根据句意可知，空格处表示说话时正在发生的动作，所以用现在进行时。【答案】C【解析】句意：——现在几点了？——不知道。请稍等，我现在帮你看一下。根据句意可知，空格用will表示临时决定要做某事。【答案】D【解析】句意：我发现很难听懂那堂课，因为当我到达时，已经开始上课了。过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。根据句意可知，start是过去动作(arrived)之前已完成的动作，所以用过去完成时。【答案】A【解析】句意：—很久没见到你了！去哪儿了？—我去了宁夏，在那里待了一年时间，当志愿者教书。根据句意可知，仍然要继续下去，常与since，for连用引导的状语连用，其构成为：主语+助动词（have/has）+been+动词的现在分词+其他成分。句中强调动作的持续性和反复性，所以用现在完成进行时。【答案】D【解析】句意：无论何时你购买礼物，你都应该从接受者的角度来考虑。根据句意以及主句的时态可知，所填词用一般将来时，但在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，通常使用一般现在时代替将来时。【答案】C【解析】句意：—你了解即将在南京举行的青奥会吗？—媒体已经以多种形式对青奥会做了报道。现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。根据句意可知，回话者对青奥会已有了解。【答案】D【解析】句意：—Tony，为什么眼睛很红啊？—在过去的5分钟里，我一直在切辣椒。现在完成进行时表示动作从某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，或者刚刚终止，或者可能仍然要继续下去，常与since，for连用，其结构为：主语+助动词（have/has）+been+动词的现在分词。根据句意可知，空格处用现在完成进行时表示动作的持续性和反复性。【答案】C【解析】句意：除非找到另外的资金，否则这家影院会关门。主句中的时态为一般将来时，则unless引导条件状语从句也表示将来的时间；在条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替将来时，从句中主语money 与find构成被动关系，所以空格处用一般现在时的被动语态。【答案】C【解析】考查动时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。根据句意可知，“Jerry的朋友向他推荐食物”这一动作发生在tried动作之前，即“过去的过去”，所以用过去完成时。故B正确。【答案】C【解析】考查时态。句意：当时她正打电话给别人,所以我对她点了点头,离开了。过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作，其形式为was /were + V-ing。根据句意可知，空格处用过去进行时。故C正确。【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态。句意：直到所有准备工作都做好后，我们才开始工作。在时间状语从句中使用一般现在时代替将来时，用现在完成时代替将来完成时，表示到将来某个时间已经完成的事情。故C正确。【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态。句意：Sofia往周围看了看所有的人，她有印象，多数客人以前都见过。用过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。题中 “看到过这些客人”发生在“had impression(有印象)”之前，所以用用过去完成时。【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态。句意：你最好忘记之前记下她的电话号码。在时间状语从句中应该用一般现在时代替一般将来时，所以A项正确。【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态。句意：詹姆斯刚刚抵达,昨天我才知道他要来。See, come, go、leave, start, begin等词可用过去现在进行时表过去将来。根据句意可知B项正确。

第二篇：2014高考时态题

高二英语备课组学案必修 五 时态语态学案校正：高二英语备课组日期：2014-09-11I． 当堂达标

1、Edward, you play so well.But I _____ you played the piano.A.didn’t knowB.hadn’t knownC.don’t knowD.haven’t known2、Excuse me.I ____ I was blocking your way.A.didn’t realizeB.don’t realize

C.haven’t realizedD.wasn’t realizing3、--Oh！You bumped me!

--I am sorry.But I ___ to catch the coming bus.A.tryB.triedC.am tryingD.was trying4、--Is anything wrong , Bob? You look sad.--Oh, nothing much.In fact, I ___ of my friends back home.A.have just thoughtB.was just thinking

C.would just thinkD.will just be thinking5、--Did you see a man in black pass by just now?

--No, sir.I ____ a newspaper.A.readB.was readingC.would readD.am reading6、--Has your former classmate come back from America?

--Yes, he ___ there for eight years.A.has stayedB.staysC.stayedD.had stayed

*************2014真题演练******************

1.（2014安徽卷）23．The twins, Who _____their homework, were allowed to play

badminton on the playground.A.will finishB.finishC.have finishedD.had

finished

2.（2014北京卷）22.---Hi, let’s go skating.---Sorry, I’m busy right now.I _______in an application form for a new job.A.fillB.have filledC.am fillingD.will fill

3.（2014北京卷）23.Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _______

half an hour.A.byB.inC.forD.until

4.（2014北京卷）31.---What time is it?---I have no idea.But just a minute, I ______ it for you.A.checkB.checkedC.will checkD.would check 5.（2014北京卷）32.I found the lecture hard to follow because it _______ when I arrived.A.startedB.was startingC.would startD.had started 6.（2014大纲卷）22.Unless extra money____, the theatre will close.A.was foundB.findsC.is foundD.found7..（2014福建卷）23.—Haven't seen you for ages!Where have you been?—I went to Ningxia andthere for one year, teaching as a volunteer.A.stayedB.stayC.had stayedD.am staying 8..（2014湖南卷）28.Since the time humankind started gardening, we _____to make our environment more beautiful.A.tryB.have been tryingC.are trying D.will try 9.（2014湖南卷）34.Whenever you, a present, you should think about it from the receiver’s point of view.A.bought B.have boughtC.will buy D.buy 10.（2014江苏卷）23.—How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?—Well, the media _________it in a variety of forms.A.cover B.will cover C.have covered D.covered11.（2014江西卷）24.----Tony , why are your eyes red ?---I __ up peppers for the last five minutes.A.cutB.was cuttingC.had cutD.have been cutting12.（2014山东卷）1.Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we______.A.will expectB.are expectingC.expect D.had expected13.（2014山东卷）5.They made up their mind that they______ a new house once Larry changed jobs.A.boughtB.would buyC.have boughtD.had bought14.（2014陕西卷）22.During his stay in Xi’an, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends ________,A.would recommendB.had recommendedC.have recommendedD.were recommending 15.（2014四川卷）9.She ______ someone, so I nodded to her and went away.1

高二英语备课组学案必修 五 时态语态学案校正：高二英语备课组日期：2014-09-11

A.phonedB.had phonedC.was phoningD.has phoned

16.（2014天津卷）11.We won’t start the work until all the preparations __________.A.are being madeB.will be madeC.have been madeD.had been made

17.（2014浙江卷）11.Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that

she _____ most of the guests before.A.has seenB.had seenC.sawD.would see

18.（2014重庆卷）4.You’d better write down her phone number before you ___ it.A.forgetB.are forgettingC.forgotD.will forget

19.（2014重庆卷）8.James has just arrived, but I didn’t knowhe ___until yesterday.A.will comeB.was comingC.had comeD.came

第三篇：高考英语陷阱题总结归纳(时态题)

高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——动词时态

1.“I _____ his telephone number.” “I have his number, but I ____ to bring my phone book.”

A.forget, forgetB.forgot, forgot

C.forget, forgotD.forgot, forget

— Oh, I ______ where he lives.— Don’t you carry your address book？

No, I ______ to bring it.A.forget, forgetB.forgot, forgot

C.forget, forgotD.forgot, forget

2.I had hoped to see her off at the station, but I _____ too busy.A.wasB.had been

C.would beD.would have been

（1）We had hoped to catch the 10：20 train, but _____ it was gone.A.foundB.had found

C.would findD.would have found

（2）We had hoped that you would be able to visit us, but you _____.A.didn’tB.hadn’t

C.needn’tD.would not have

（3）We had wanted to come to see him, but we ____ no time.A.hadB.had had

C.would haveD.would have had

（4）I had expected to come over to see you last night, but someone ______ and I couldn’t get away.A.calledB.had called

C.would call D.would have called

（5）The traffic accident wouldn’t have happened yesterday, but the driver _______ really careless.A.was B.is

C.were D.had been

3.Dear me！Just _____ at the time！I _____ no idea it was so late.A.look, haveB.looking, had

C.look, hadD.looking, have

4.“Your phone number again？ I _____ quite catch it.” “It’s 4331577”

A.didn’t B.couldn’t

C.don’tD.can’t

（1）“Mr Smith isn’t coming tonight.” “ But he _____.”

A.promises B.promised

C.will promise D.had promised

（2）“Hey, look where you are going！” “Oh, I’m terribly sorry._____.”

A.I’m not noticingB.I wasn’t noticing

C.I haven’t noticedD.I don’t notice

（3）“Oh it’s you！I ________ you.” “I’ve had my hair cut.”

A.didn’t realizeB.haven’t realized

C.didn’t recognizeD.don’t recognized

（4）“What’s her new telephone number？” “Oh, I _____.”

A.forgetB.forgot

C.had forgottenD.am forgetting

（5）“Since you’ve agreed to go, why aren’t you getting ready？” “But I ______ that you would have me start at once.”

A.don’t realizeB.didn’t realize

C.hadn’t realizedD.haven’t realized

（6）“It’s twelve o’clock, I think I must be off now.” “Oh, really？ I ______ it at all.”

A.don’t realizeB.haven’t realized

C.didn’t realizeD.hadn’t realized

5.Mr Smith ______ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether he has finished it.A.has writtenB.wrote

C.had writtenD.was writing

6.He has changed a lot.He _______ not what he _______.A.is, isB.was, was

C.is, wasD.was, is

“What place is it？” “Haven’t you found out we _____ back where we ______？”

A.were, had beenB.have been, are

C.are, wereD.are, had been

7.He is very busy.I don’t know if he _____ or not tomorrow.A.comeB.comes

C.will comeD.is coming

（1）I don’t know if she _____, but if she ____ I will let you know.A.comes, comesB.will come, will come

C.comes, will comeD.will come, comes

（2）“When _____ he come？” “I don’t know, but when he _____, I’ll tell you.”

A.does, comesB.will, will come

C.does, will comeD.will, comes

（3）“When he _____ is not known yet.” “But when he ____, he will be warmly welcomed.”

A.comes, comesB.will come, will come

C.comes, will comeD.will come, comes

8.The bridge, which _____ 1688, needs repairing.A.is dated fromB.was dated from

C.dates fromD.dated from

第四篇：2014全国高考单选时态整理

2014全国高考汇编之动词时态与语态

1.（2014安徽卷）23．The twins, who their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground.A.will finishB.finishC.have finishedD.had finished

2.（2014北京卷）22.---Hi, let’s go skating.---Sorry, I’m busy right now.I ___ in an application form for a new job.A.fillB.have filledC.am fillingD.will fill

3.（2014北京卷）23.Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _______ half an hour.A.byB.inC.forD.until

4.（2014北京卷）31.---What time is it?

---I have no idea.But just a minute, I ______ it for you.A.check B.checkedC.will checkD.would check

5.（2014北京卷）32.I found the lecture hard to follow because it _______ when I arrived.A.startedB.was startingC.would startD.had started

6.（2014大纲卷）22.Unless extra money____, the theatre will close.A.was foundB.findsC.is foundD.found

7.（2014大纲卷）32.The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody ______ them since.A.seesB.sawC.has seenD.had seen

8.（2014福建卷）23.—Haven't seen you for ages!Where have you been?

—I went to Ningxia and there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.A.stayedB.stayC.had stayedD.am staying

9.（2014湖南卷）28.Since the time humankind started gardening, we _____to make our environment more beautiful.A.tryB.have been tryingC.are tryingD.will try

10.（2014湖南卷）, a present, you should think about it from the receiver’s point of view.A.bought B.have boughtC.will buy D.buy

11.（2014江苏卷）23.—How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?

—Well, the media _________it in a variety of forms.A.cover B.will cover C.have covered D.covered

12.（2014江西卷）----Tony , why are your eyes red ?

---I __ up peppers for the last five minutes.A.cutB.was cuttingC.had cutD.have been cutting

13.（2014山东卷）1.Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we______.A.will expectB.are expectingC.expectD.had expected

14.（2014山东卷）5.They made up their mind that they______ a new house once Larry changed jobs.A.boughtB.would buyC.have boughtD.had bought

15.（2014陕西卷）22.During his stay in Xi’an, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends ________,A.would recommendB.had recommendedC.have recommendedD.were recommending

16.（2014四川卷）9.She ______ someone, so I nodded to her and went away.A.phonedB.had phonedC.was phoningD.has phoned

17.（2014天津卷）11.We won’t start the work until all the preparations __________.A.are being madeB.will be madeC.have been madeD.had been made

18.（2014浙江卷）11.Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that she _____ most of the guests before.A.has seenB.had seenC.sawD.would see

19.（2014重庆卷）4.You’d better write down her phone number before you ___ it.A.forgetB.are forgettingC.forgotD.will forget

20.（2014重庆卷）8.James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he ___until yesterday.A.will comeB.was comingC.had come D.came

第五篇：高考英语时态语态总结

十六种时态

1.一般现在时

用法：A)表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。B)习惯用语。

C)经常性、习惯性动作。例：He always helps others.（他总是帮助别人。）

D)客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持 主句、从句时态一致。E)表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等动词)可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.（下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。）How often does this shuttle bus run?（这班车多久一趟？）

F)在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在（有时也用现在完成时）表示将来事 情。

例：When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.（等你完成这份报告的时候，我就已经等了将近3个小时了。）

2.现在进行时(be doing)用法：现在正在进行的动作。

3.现在完成时(have done)

用法：A)表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。

例：I bought a new house, but I _________ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.A)didn't sell B)sold C)haven't sold D)would sell答案（C)

B)表示从过去某时刻开始，持续到现在的动作或情况，并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经常用延续性动词。时间状语常用since加一个过去的时间点，或for 加一段时间，或by加一个现在时间。

例：Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ___________ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.A)are to challengeB)may be challengedC)have been challengedD)are challenging全句意思是：“虽然牛顿是个伟大的人物，但他的许多见解直到今天还在受到挑战，并且被现代科学家的工作所修正。”challenge是及物动词，在本句中应是被动语态；动作延续到今天，所以要用现在完成时态。可见答案是

C)have been challenged。A)are to challenge和D)are challenging都是主动语态，不可能是答案。B)may be challenged虽是被动语态，但意思与全句内容不合，不对。C)表示发生在过去，但对现在仍有影响的动作或情况。通常用点动词，如：arrive, begin, find, give, lose等。例：John has broken his left leg.约翰摔断了左腿。注意事项：A)现在完成时是联系过去和现在的纽带。现在完成时和过去时的区别在于：现在完成时强调动作的动态，或受动态的影响，是动态的结果，对现在有影响；过去时只表示过去的某个具体时间里发生的动作，与现在没有联系。例：He worked in that hospital for 8 years.（他曾经在那家医院工作了8年。这只是讲述一个过去的事实，他现在已经不在那家医院了。）He has worked in that hospital for 8 years.（他已经在那家医院里工作了8年。表示他从过去开始工作，一直工作到现在，现在仍在那家医院工作。）

B)因为含有for加一段时间或since加一个时间点这样的时间状语的完成时，有动态和延续性的特点，所以不能使用终端动词或瞬间动词。例：My sister has married.Don't disturb her.（终端动词）My sister has been married for 5 years.（过去分词做表语表示状态，可以延续）

C)在“this is the first/ second/ third„„ time that„„”句型里要求用完成时。

例：This is the second time that the products of our company have been shown in the International Exhibition.（这是我公司产品第二次参加国际展览会。）

D)句型“It is/ has been„„since”所使用的两种时态都正确。

例：It is/ has been 10 years since I last saw him.（从我上次见到他以来已经10年了。）

E)在“no sooner than”、“hardly/ scarcely „„when”、“before”、“prior to”等句型中，主句要求完成时。例：I haven't met that professor prior to today.（以前我从未见过那位教授。）

4.现在完成进行时(have been doing)

用法：表示某一动作开始于过去某一时间，延续或重复地出现至今，或将继续延续至将来。

例：We have been working on this project for over a month now.（到目前为止，我们一直在处理那个项目，已经花了一个多月时间了。）注意事项：与现在完成时相比，现在完成进行时更强调：在从过去到现在的时间里，动作或状态一直持续或一直反复出现。

例：（1997年6月四级第45 题）It seems oil ___________ from this pipe for some time.We'll have to take

the machine apart to put it right.A)had leakedB)is leakingC)leakedD)has been leaking

从本题上下文看，这两个句子的意思是：“看来，这个管道漏油已有一段时间了，我们将不得不拆卸机器排除故障。”第二句表示将要采取的措施。第一句动作发生在第二句之前，并且延续到现在为止仍在继续。因此，空格中需用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。D)has been leaking是现在完成进行时，因此是本题的答案。有11%的考生误选了B)is leaking。由于本句有时间状语for some time，表示谓语动作延续，谓语不能用现在进行时，必须用和完成时有关的时态。有些考生误选了C)leaked或A)had leaked。是因为他们没有注意到本题第二句是一般将来时，所以第一句的谓语不能用过去时或过去完成时。

5.一般过去时

用法：A)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。

B)表示过去习惯性动作。特别是由would/ used to do表达的句型，本身表示的 就是过去时。

例：The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.（老人过去常常坐在宁静的公园里的一条长椅上，看着其他的人，一坐就是数个小时，什么也不干，也不和任何人交谈。）

He used to visit his mother once a week.（他以前总是每周看望一次他的母亲。）

C)有时可代替一般现在时，表达一种婉转、客气、礼貌、商量的语气。

例：I wanted to ask you if I could borrow your car?（我想向您借车用一用，可以吗？）

Would you mind my sitting here?（您介意我坐在这里吗？）

注意事项： A)注意时间状语的搭配。一般过去时的时间状语应该是表示过去某个时间的词或词组，如：yesterday, last month, in 1999, two days ago等，绝对不可与recently, in the past 10 years, this month等连用，因为这样的时间状语都与现在有关系，应该用现在完成时或一般现在时。

B)used to do的否定形式和疑问形式很特别：你怎么写都正确。以否定形式为例：used not to do, didn't used to do, didn't use to do都对。

Used to do经常与 be used to doing sth/ sth结构进行对比。前者表示“过去常常或过去曾经”，要求加动词原形；后者表示“习惯于”，要求加名词或动名词。

6.过去完成时(had done)

用法：表示在过去的某个时间或动作以前已经发生的动作或已经存在的状态。就是我们常说的：表示“过去的过去的动作或状态”。Until then, his family _________ from him for six months.A)didn't hear C)hasn't heard B)hasn't been hearing D)hadn't heard

全句的意思是：“到那时为止，他家里已经有六个月没得到他的消息了。”由此可以看出，谓语动词的动作延续到过去的某一时刻才完成，因此谓语要用过去完成时。答案是D)。其它选项中：A)didn't hear，因为一般过去时只表示过去发生的事情或存在的状态，所以不能与时间状语for six months连用。B)hasn't been hearing，现在完成进行时表示过去某时刻继续到现在或现在还在进行的动作，与题意不符。C)hasn't heard，现在完成时表示从过去某一时刻到现在为止发生的动作。而题中的then只表示过去的某一时刻，不能表示现在时间。注意事项：“过去的过去”这种逻辑关系常通过上下文体现出来，而不一定受某个时间状语的限制。

例：There had been some one in our room just now, because I noticed a burning cigarette end on the floor when we opened the front door.（刚才有人在我们的房间里，因为我们打开前门进来时，我注意到地板上有一支仍在燃烧的香烟。）分析：虽然时间状语是just now，似乎应该使用一般过去时，但是“在房间里”这个状态是在“开门”和“注意”这两个过去的动作之前就存在的，所以应该用过去完成时。

7.过去将来时(would/ should do)

用法：表示从过去的某个时间看将要发生的事。

例：I said on Thursday I should see my friend the next day.（我星期四说我将于第二天拜访我的朋友。）事项：由于过去将来时是由过去时和将来时组合而成的，所以其注意事项可以参考过去时和将来时的相关注意事项。

8.过去进行时(was/ were doing)

用法：A)表示在过去一个比较具体的时间正在发生的动作。

例：Mary was listening to light music 10 minutes ago.（10分钟前，玛丽正在听轻音乐。）

B)如果when, while这样的时间状语引导词所引导的主从句之一是一般过去时，则另一个句子常用过去进行时。例：I was washing my hair when you knocked at the front door.（你敲前门时我正在洗头发。）注意事项：其它与将来时有关的事项请参见下面所讲的一般将来时。

9.一般将来时

用法：A)基本结构是will / shall do。例：We shall send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift.（我们将送给她一个玻璃的手工制品，作为给她的生日礼物。）

B)有些动词，如：arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等，用于一般进行时，并且通常与一个表示将来时间的时间状语连用，可以表示将来时。

例：My mother is coming to visit me next week and is staying here until May.（我妈妈下周将来看我，并会呆到5月。）

C)表示“打算去„„，要„„”时，可用be going to do。

例：This is just what I am going to say.（这正是我想说的。）

D)表示“即将、正要”时，可用be about to do。强调近期内或马上要做的事。

例：Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.别担心，我马上就给你做一次仔细的检查E)“be to do”的5种用法：

a)表示“按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事”。

例：She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.（星期一你准会在实验室见到她。）

b)该做或不该做的事情（语气上接近于should, must, ought to, have to），表示一种命令、规劝性语气。例：You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids.Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.（孩子们，你们必须 上床睡觉，不准吵闹。我们的客人5分钟之内就要到了。）

c)能或不能发生的事情（接近can, may）

例：How am I to pay such a debt?（我怎么可能还得起这么大的一笔债呢？）

d)不可避免将要发生的事情，后来将要发生的事情。

例：I assure you that the matter _______ as quickly as possible.Have a little patience.A.will be attendedB.will be attended toC.is attendedD.is attended to

will be attended to关键的一点是：attend表示“处理，解决”时是不及物动词，必须与to连用。另外，从上下文看，事情显然尚未解决，所以应该用将来时的被动语态。答案是B。

e)用于条件从句“如果„„想，设想”（接近if „„want to,或if „„should）

例：Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage ____________ avoided.A)is to beB)can beC)will beD)has been

答案是A)is to be。全句的意思是：“如果要避免食品短缺，就必须作出更大努力来增加农业产量。”F)同样可以表示“正要、将要”的意思的句型是be on the point of doing。

例：The coach is on the point of giving up the game because our team has been scored 7 points.（教练想要放弃这场比赛了，因为对方已经射进了7个球。）

例：I hope his health will have improved by the time you come back next year.（我希望到明年你回来的时候，他的身体已经好多了。）

10.将来进行时(will be doing)

用法：强调在将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作或事情。

例：Don't worry, you won't miss her.She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.（别担心，你不会认不出她的。她到时会穿一件红色的T恤衫和一条白色的短裙。）

注意事项：由于本时态是由将来时和进行时融合在一起的，所以关于本时态的注意事项，可参考“一般将来时”和“现在进行时”的有关注意事项。

11.将来完成时(will have done)

用法：表示从将来的某一时间开始、延续到另一个将来时间的动作或状态，或是发生在某个将来时间，但对其后的另一个将来时间有影响的动作或状态。就好象把现在完成时平移到时间轴的将来时时段一样。其用法从和过去及现在有关，变成了和将来及将来的将来有关。

本题考核谓语动词的时态。全句的意思是：“会议从开始到结束将持续整整一个星期。”句中by the time it ends表示动作要延续到将来某一时刻，因此要用将来完成时。答案是B)will have lasted。如果选A)，因为情态动词must后面接动词不定式的完成时形式表示对已经发生的事情的一种肯定推测，而本句的时间状语是by the time it ends而非by the time it ended，所以犯了时态不呼应的错误。Would虽可以表示推测或可能性，但would last不能表示延续到将来某一时刻的动作，所以C)would last错误。因为D)has lasted是现在完成时，表示到现在为止已经完成的动作，不能表示延续到将来某一时刻的动作，所以也不正确。

注意事项：由于本时态是由将来时和完成时融合在一起的，所以关于本时态的注意事项，可以参考“一般将来时”和“现在完成时”的有关注意事项。

12)将来完成进行时：（shall have been doing，will have been doing）

例：By the end of next month, the project will have been being worked for 3 years.（到下个月底为止，这项工程就已经不停地进行了3年了。）（被动语态）

13)过去完成进行时：（had been doing）

例：The old clock had been being taken apart of and fixed up again for several times by my 10-year old son before I came back home.（我回到家之前，我10岁大的儿子已经把这个旧钟表拆卸并重新组装了好几回了。）（此处强调“拆卸”和“组装”这两个过去的过去的动作一直在反复进行。）（被动语态）

14)过去将来进行时：（should be doing , would be doing）

例：The government promised that a new highway would be being built next July.（政府承诺说第二年7月将有一条新的高速公路正在修建。）（此句的时间状语是具体的将来时间，所以最好用将来进行时。）（被动语态）

15)过去将来完成时：（should have done , would have done）

例：I believed by the end of that year an advanced version of that software would have been developed, but I was wrong.（我坚信到那年年底为止，那个软件的新版本将被开发出来。但是我错了。）（此句为被动语态）

16)过去将来完成进行时：（should have been doing , would have been doing）

例：They said that by the end of the following month, the project would have been being worked for 3 years.（他们说到第二个月底为止，这项工程就已经不停地进行了3年了。）

高中英语被动语态总结

一、被动语态的构成形式

1.被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：

1)am/is/are +done(过去分词)一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2）has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3）am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here．

4）was/were done 一般过去时 例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5）had been done 过去完成时 例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6）was/were being done 过去进行时 例A meeting was being held when I was there.7）shall/will be done 一般将来时 例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8）should/would be done 过去将来时 例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）例The project will have been completed before July.10）should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用）

2.被动语态的特殊结构形式

1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter

2)有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。例His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3)当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。

Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。

例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.5)有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.3.非谓语动词的被动语态v.+ing 形式及不定式to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态)。