复合句时态一致

第一篇：复合句时态一致

条件状语从句和时间状语从句与主句时态一致的情况

主从复合句中时态一致

（“主过从过，主将从现，主现从任”原则）

主从复合句中时态的一致是中考考点之一。主要有以下几种情况：

【主将从现】

在以when，after，as soon as等引导的时间状语从句以及以if，unless等引导的条件状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时。例如：

I'll tell her the good news when she comes back.当她回来的时候，我将把这个好消息告诉她。

If it doesn't rain, he will come here on time.如果不下雨，他会按时来这儿的。常见的有以下三种情况：

一、条件状语从句的主句是一般将来时，那么从句常常用一般现在时。如：

When I grow up, I’ll be a nurse and look after patients.我长大后要当一名护士，照顾病人。

二、如果主句是祈使句，那么从句通常要用一般现在时。

如：Don’t laugh at me when I make a mistake.我犯错误的时候不要笑话我。

三、如果主句是含有情态动词的一般现在时，根据需要从句多用一般现在时。

如：You should be quiet when you are in the reading room.在阅览室时应保持安静。

【主过从过】

在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的谓语动词为过去时态时，从句须用表示过去的某种时态。例如：

He asked when they would go to the party.他问他们什么时候将去参加聚会。

Miss Green said she had been to Beijing before.格林小姐说她以前曾经去过北京。【主现从任】

在宾语从句中，当主句的时态为一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时等时态时，后面从句时态不受主句限制，可根据情况，选用各种适合的时态。例如：

Do you know when we'll have a football match?你知道我们什么时候举行足球赛吗？

You know he has gone to Shanghai.你知道他已去上海了。

【特别关注】

1.当宾语从句表述的是客观事实、科学真理、现在的习惯动作以及格言等时，其时态不受主句限制，而用一般现在时。例如：

The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.老师告诉我们光速比音速要快。

When I was a student, my teacher often told us that time and tide wait for no man.当我还是学生的时候，老师常常告诉我们，岁月不等人。

2.在“since＋点时间”句型中，主句通常用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。例如：

He has worked at the factory since he came here.自从他来到这儿，他就一直在这家工厂上班。另外，在句型“It's+段时间＋since＋从句”中，since后面的从句要用一般过去时。例如： It's a long time since we met last.自从我们上次见面以来已经有好长时间了。3.在复合句中，如果主、从句表示的动作或状态都发生在过去，而且有先后，则在先的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。例如：

When he got there, the train had left.当他到那儿的时候，火车已经开了。

He said he had visited the school before.他说他以前参观过那所学校。【小试身手】

1.If he ___ harder , he will catch up with us soon.（04 北京）A.study B.studies C.will study D.studied 2.I will go swimming with you if I ___ free tomorrow.（04哈尔滨）A.will be B.shall be C.am D.was

3.If you ___ a chance to study in a foreign country ,just take it.（04 苏州）A.getting B.had got C.will get D.get 4.Don’t leave until he ___ back.（）

A.have come B.comes C.will come D.came 5.“ Shall we have the volleyball match tomorrow?” “ Oh, it will be put off if it ____.（04 黄冈）

A.snows B.is snowing C.snowed D.will snow

6.－Tell him about the news when he ____ ,John.－ Yes, I will.（04 宁波）

A.comes B.will come C.would D.is coming 7.Tomorrow we will go to the city park____ it is sunny.（05 安徽）A.as soon as B.when C.if D.as 8.Please don’t leave until your teacher ___back.（05河南）A.will come B.came C.comes D.is coming 9.I want to know if there ___a sports meeting next month.If they ___ it , I must get ready for it。（05青岛）

A.is,will hold B.will be, hold

C.will be, will hold D.will have, hold 10.－Mary, what about going boating if it ___tomorrow.－Good idea.A.not rain B.will rain C.doesn’t rain D.won’t rain

参考答案：1-5 BCDBA 6-10 ACCBC

第二篇：复合句

复合句

一、名词性从句

1.一个句子起名词的作用，在句中做主语、宾语／介词宾语、表语、同位语 连接词有that, whether, if（做“是否”讲时，只用于宾语从句）, who, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever, when, where, why, how等 注意：

whoever和whomever的区别

whoever和whomever相当于anyone who，用主格与宾格取决于其在从句中做主语还是做宾语。如：

They always give the vacant seats to whoever comes first.(whoever在从句中做主语)

2.有关同位语从句的问题

(1)引导词通常为that, 但有时因名词内容的需要，也可由whether及连接副词why, when, where, how引导。that不表示任何意义，其他词表示时间、地点、原因等。如：

The problem, where I will have my college education, at home or abroad, remains untouched.(2)同位语从句有时与先行词隔开，注意识别。如：

Evidence came up that specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.3.whether与if在引导名词性从句时的区别

whether与if作“是否”讲，在用法上有相同之处，也有不同之处 相同之处： 1）whether和if都能引导宾语从句，常置于see, ask, learn, tell, wonder, doubt, find out等动词之后。如：

He asked me whether/if I could help him.I want to know whether/if he lives there.2）whether和if都可用it作形式主语从句中。如：

It's uncertain whether/if he'll come this evening.3）在be uncertain/doubtful之后，常用whether引导宾语从句，有时也可以用if，如：

We are uncertain whether/if Mary will come.不同之处：

1）whether可置于句首引导主语从句，而if不能。

2）whether可用在介词之后，引导宾语从句，而if则不能。如：

Success depends on whether we make enough effort.3）whether可引导表语从句，if则不能。如：

The question is whether it is not worth doing.4）在名词之后引导同位语从句时，用whether而不用if。如：

The question whether the students answered correctly should be decided by the teacher.5）whether后可接不定式，而if不能。如：

Please tell us whether to go or stay here.6）在有些动词（如discuss）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。如：

We discussed whether we should close the shop.7）在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。如： He asked me if I hadn't finished my work.4.动词believe, expect, fancy, imagine, suppose, think后的宾语从句如为否定式，一般将否定词转移到主句谓语上。

二、副词性(状语)从句

副词在句中起状语作用，故如果起状语作用的部分为一个句子，那么该句便是副词性从句，也称状语从句。状语从句可细分为：时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、目的、结果、比较、方式等。

状语从句的测试重点为：主从句之间逻辑意义关系，是否能选择正确的从属连词。

1.条件状语从句的常考知识点

(1)if与unless的用法。if和unless都是引导条件状语从句的连词，考生应尤其注意unless的用法，因为它表示反面条件，相当于if not“如果不”、“除非”。

(2)复合连词as long as，so long as，as far as，on condition that，in the event that；动词及分词provided(that)，providing(that)，given that, suppose/supposing(that)，assuming，say等引导条件状语从句。如：

You can arrive in Beijing earlier for the meeting provided you don’t mind taking the night train.Assuming he is diligent in his studies at ordinary times, he is sure to pass the test.In the event that she has not been informed, I will tell her.(如果„„)You can go swimming on condition that you don’t go too far from the river bank.(如果„„)Suppose it rained, we would still go.(假如„„)Say it were true, what would you do about it?(假如„„)

(3)祈使句表示条件。如：

Dress warmly, or else you’ll catch cold.Talk to anyone in the drug industry, and you’ll soon discover that the science of genetics is the biggest thing to hit drug research since penicillin was discovered.2.让步状语从句的常考知识点

(1)as 引导让步从句，要求用倒装结构，把强调的部分置于句首。如： Much as(=as much as=though/although)he likes her, he does get irritated with her sometimes.Although/though he likes her much, he does….Humble as it may be, there is no place like home.= Althoug/though it may be humble, there is ….(2)while引导让步从句。如: Everybody cheats a little, some psychologists say, while others insist that most people are basically honest and some wouldn’t cheat under any circumstances.(3)复合连接词for all that和分词granting/granted(that)引导让步从句。如: Granted you have made much progress, you should not be conceited.For all that computers can provide us with great help, they shouldn’t be seen as substitutes for fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.3.时间状语从句的常考知识点

(1)before表示汉语的 “只有/必须„„才能”。如:

New ideas sometimes have to wait for years before they are fully accepted.(2)when引导时间从句时，如果出现在后半句，则表示“这/那时突然”。如： I have just started back for the house to change my clothes when I heard the voices.(3)when it comes to 是习惯用法，意为“当谈到„„时”。如：

Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true when it comes to classroom tests.(4)名词短语、介词短语each /every time, the moment/second/minute, in the time, by the time起连词作用。如: I hope her health will have improved greatly by the time we come back next year.My pain must have been apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically: “Are you feeling all right?”

Mercury’s velocity is so much greater than the Earth’s that it completes more than four revolutions around the Sun in the time it takes the Earth to complete one.(5)副词directly, immediately, instantly, now引导时间从句, 相当于as soon as。如: The policemen went into action directly they heard the alarm.4.原因状语从句的常考知识点

(1)in that引导原因从句时,有时翻译成“是因为”、“就在于”。如: Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication in that the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.Criticism and self-criticism is necessary in that it helps us to find and correct our mistakes.(2)now that表示 “既然”;seeing that, considering表示“鉴于”、“考虑到”。如: Now that we have all the material ready, we should begin the new task at once.He did poorly in the examinations, considering how hard he had tried for them.Seeing that she is lawfully old enough to get married, I don’t think you can stop her.其他引导原因状语从句的连接词语还有: for the(simple)reason that, by reason that, on the grounds that, in as much as, in so far as等。

5.while, whereas 引导对比从句 如:

While the teenage population in the United States has declined over the past decade, violent crimes committed by juveniles have sharply increased.A baby might show fear of an unfamiliar adult, whereas he is likely to smile and reach out to another infant.6.so„that„, with the result that, so much so that 引导结果状语从句 如: Over the years, a large number of overseas students have studied at that university with the result that it has acquired substantial experience in dealing with them.He himself believed in freedom, so much so that he would rather die than live without it.7.in order that, in case, for fear that, lest(用虚拟语气)引导目的状语从句 如: Give me your telephone number, in case I need your help.Helen listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what John wanted.8.方式状语从句

1)A is to B what / as C is to D 2)as if/though引导的方式状语从句，既可以用陈述语气，也可以用虚拟语气。3)引导方式状语从句的关联词还有the way, how, as.如： Do it the way you were taught.Do it how you can.He did as(he was)told.三、形容词性(定语)从句

1.尤其要注意whose的用法

whose在从句中做定语，修饰名词。所以，如果关系代词后面紧接的是名词，且关系代词又不在从句中做主语或宾语，那么，这个关系代词就应该是whose。如：

He is the right person whose personality is well recognized.2.介词+ which的用法

如果从句中主宾成分齐全，考生便可考虑关系代词是否在从句中做状语，而状语通常用介词短语充当，于是可以得知，关系代词前面应有介词，再分析所给的选项，根据与名词的搭配作出正确选择。如：

We are not conscious of the extent to which work provides the psychological satisfaction that can make the difference between a full and an empty life.3.as 与which用作关系代词的区别

(1)as与the same, such, so, as等关联使用。如：

As the forest goes, so goes its animal life.(2)as和which都可以引导非限定性定语从句，但as在句中的位置比较灵活，可出现在句首、句中、句末，而which只能出现在句末，尤其是当先行词是整个句子时。如：

As is true in all institutions, juries are capable of making mistakes.As is generally accepted, economic growth is determined by the smooth development of production.常见的这类结构有：as has been said before, as has been mentioned above, as can be imagined, as is known to all, as has been announced, as can be seen from these figures, as might/could be expected, as is often the case, as has been pointed out, as often happens, as will be shown等。

4.关系代词that与which用于引导定语从句的区别

(1)如果关系代词在从句中做宾语，用that, which都可以，而且可以省略；

(2)先行词是不定代词no, every, some, any 以及anything, nothing, little, all, everything时，关系代词用that；

There is no person that is always in the right.Is there anything that I can do for you?(3)先行词由形容词最高级或序数词修饰或由next，last, only, very修饰时，用that；(4)非限定性定语从句只能用which引导；(5)关系代词前面如果有介词，只能用which。

在既指人又指事物的两个或两个以上的先行词后面，必须用that。They are talking about the people and countries that they had visited.5.but做关系代词，用于否定句，相当于who„not, that„not 这个结构的特点是主句中常有否定词或含有否定意义的词。如： There are few teachers but know how to use a computer.There is no complicated problem but can be solved by a computer.

第三篇：复合句及练习

一

复合句是由一个主句加一个或几个从句所构成的句子，从句只用作句子的一个成份，不能独立，根据从句在句子中的作用，可分为名词性从句，定语从句和状语从句三类。

（一）名词性从句

名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，其关联词有连接词that, if, whether, 连接代词who，what, which等，连接副词when, where, how, why 等.1、主语从句

主语从句在句中做主语，它可以放在主句谓语动词之前，但多数情况由it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在主句之后。例如： Who did that is known to all.It is interesting that you should like him.(1)That you are leaving is a pity.(that 从句位于句首时，that不能省略。)It is a pity(that)you are leaving.It is good(that)you are so careful.(2)whether, if 引导主语从句:

It won’t make much difference if / whether you go today or tomorrow.If it is true remains a question.(误)Whether it is true remains a question.(正)

(3)由what, whatever, whoever引导的主语从句不能用形式主语it引导。What you need is more practice.(正)It’s more practice what you need.(误)

(4)it’s important/strange/impossible/necessary/natural that 后面的主语从句用虚拟语气.It’s strange that he(should)attend such an important meeting.2、表语从句

表语从句在句中作表语，位于主句中的系动词之后。如：

The question is who can complete the difficult task.表语从句还可用as if 引导。例如：

He looked as if he was going to cry.用虚拟语气的表语从句:

My suggestion is that we should search the house.The order is that everybody should return on time.3、同位语从句

跟在名词后面，进一步说明该名词的具体内容，引导同位语从句的名词主要有fact, news, promise, idea, truth,suggestion,decision, 等。连接词用that, 不用which。例如：His delay is due to the fact that the car went wrong halfway.The news that our team has won the match is true.4、宾语从句

1）宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。例如： We can learn what we did not know.He will talk to us about what he saw in the U.S.如果主句的谓语动词是及物动词make, find, see, hear等，则把宾语从句置于宾语补足语之后，用it作为形式宾语。例如：

We find it necessary that we practise spoken-English every day.另外，某些作表语的形容词，如afraid,sure, happy, glad, certain 等之后可带宾语从句。例如：

I am sure that he will succeed.注意：（1）关联词只能用whether不能用if 表示“是否”的情况如下： A)在表语从句和同位语从句中。例如： The question is whether the film is worth seeing.The news whether our team has won the match is unknown.B）在主语从句中，只有用it作形式主语时，whether 和 if 都能引导主语从句，否则，也只能用whether。(if 只能用在句首)例如： Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn't been decided yet.It hasn't been decided whether(if)we shall attend the meeting.C）在介词之后。（介词往往可以省略）例如： It all depends(on)whether they will support us.D）后面直接跟动词不定式时。例如： He doesn't know whether to stay or not.E）后面紧接or not 时。例如：

We didn't know whether or not she was ready.（2）关联词if, whether 均可使用的情况如下： A）引导宾语从句。例如： I wonder if(whether)the news is true or not.B）在“be+形容词”之后，例如：

He was not sure whether(if)it is right or wrong.(3)关联词只能用whether或if ,不能用that 的情况下：

若doubt 一词作“怀疑”解接宾语从句时，主句为肯定句用whether或if, 主句为否定句或疑问句用that。例如： I doubt whether he will come soon.I do not doubt that he will come soon.Do you doubt that he will come soon?

注意：下面这个例句中doubt的含义为“认为...未必可能”。I doubt that he will come.2)直接引语和间接引语。

引述别人的原话叫直接引语，用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。这两种引语不用引号。通常用连接词联接于主句。（1）陈述句变为以that 引导的宾语从句。例如： He said,” I’m very glad.“ He said that he was very glad.(2)一般疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句。例如： He said,” Can you come this afternoon, John?”

He asked whether John could come that afternoon.(3)特殊疑问句变为由who, what, when 等疑问词引导的宾语从句。例如： He said, “Where is Mr.Wang?” He asked where Mr.Wang was.注意上述例句中时态，人称代词，时间状语的变化。主句谓语动词为过去时，间接引语中的动词变化如下：一般现在时变为一般过去时；现在进行时变为过去进行时；一般将来时变为过去将来时；现在完成时变为过去完成时；一般过去时变为过去完成时；过去完成时仍为过去完成时。如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一律不变。但从句如果有表示某一具体的时间状语,从句有时仍用一般过去时.例如： He says, “I cleaned the floor.” He says he cleaned the floor.My father told me that my grandfather was born in 1950.其它变化：指示代词：this these地点状语：here时间状语：now，today，tonight，tomorrow，this week，yesterday，last week，the day before yesterday（two days before）the day after tomorrow（in two days’ time）three years ago, next month etc.（二）定语从句

在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that 等和关系副词 where, when, why 等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。

1、由who, whom, whose 引导的定语从句。

这类定语从句中 who 用作主语，whom 作宾语，whose 作定语。例如： This is the man who helped me.The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.Do you know the man whose name is Wang Yu?

2、Which 引导的定语从句。

which 在从句中作主语或谓语动词或介词的宾语。例如：

This is the book which you want.The building which stands near the river is our school.The room in which there is a machine is workshop.注意：（1）whom, which 作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在which 之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上，在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。例如：

This is the person whom you are looking for.注意：（2）引导非限定性定语从句时，关系代词往往用which , 不用that.例如：

I have lost my pen, which I like very much.3、由that 引导的定语从句

that 在定语从句中可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语。例如： The letter that I received was from my father.4.注意在下面几种情况下必须用“that”引导定语从句： 1）先行词是不定代词：all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等。例如：

All that we have to do is to practise every day.2）先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。例如： The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.3）先行词被only, no, right, all, any, every, few, little, some 等修饰。例如： I have read all the book(that)you gave me.4）先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last 修饰时。例如： He is the only person that I want to talk to.5）先行词既有人又有物时。例如：

They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.5.由when, where, why 引导的定语从句。例如： I know the reason why he came late.This is the place where we lived for 5 years.I will never forget the day when I met Mr.Liu.注意：先行词是表示地点时，有时用where,有时用that 引导定语从句。这时要根据从句的谓语动词是及物的还是不及物的。是及物的就用that(which)，否则用where.例如： This is the house where he lived last year.This is the house that(which)he visited last year.6、限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句 1）限定性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不用逗号分开。引导非限定性定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, of which等。这些关系代词都不能省略。

2）非限定性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有从句不影响主句意思的完整。一般用逗号把主句和从句分开。通常不用关系代词that.例如：

I have two sisters, who are both students.I have lost the pen, which I like very much.7、as引导的定语从句

关系代词as的用法:一般用于such…as, the same…as,(as)…as结构,as 在定语从句中可作主语、宾语和表语。

I would like to use the same pen as was used by you just now.Such a film as you described should not be shown at all.She is not the same girl as she was.as用作关系代词和关系副词引导限定性定语从句，并在从句中作定语、表语或状语，构成the same...as等结构。例如： I like the same book as you do.(as 作宾语）

I shall do it in the same way as you did.（as作状语）I want to have such a dictionary as he has.（as作宾语）

2）as引导非限定性定语从句。as在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，这个定语从句是说明整个句子，它可以放在主句之前。例如： As we all know ,he studies very hard.（as 作宾语）As is known to all, he is the best student in our class.常用的这种类似插入语的句式有as is said above, as is known to all, as it is等。

（三）状语从句

状语从句在句中作状语，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句放在主句之前时，常用逗号分开；放在主句之后，一般不用逗号。状语从句按其意义和作用可分为时间、条件、原因、让步、目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等９种。

1、时间状语从句

1）时间状语从句常用连词有when, as , while, before, after, since, till(until), as soon as, hardly...when..., no sooner...than, the moment等。

2）时间状语从句一般不用将来时，因此，主句若为将来时，时间状语从句要用一般现在时。例如：

I'll go on with the work when I come back tomorrow.3）连词when, while, as 都表示“当„的时候”，但是when引导的从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生；用as, while 时则强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。例如： While I was reading, he came in.As the walked along the street, he sang happily.4）till(until)表示“一直到„”时，主句和从句都用肯定式；表示“直到„才„”时，主句用否定式，从句用肯定式。例如：

He did not get up till it was dark.他一直工作到天黑。5）as soon as,和 the moment引导的从句表示“一„就„”；用no sooner „ than 和hardly„when引导的从句表示“刚„就„”，主句中的动词一般用过去完成时，从句用过去时；而且主句一般倒装，把助动词had提到前面。例如：

As soon as I finish the work, I'll go to see you.Hardly had I entered the room, when I heard a loud noise.2、原因状语从句

原因状语从句常用 because, since 和 as引导。例如： As it is snowing, we shall not go to the park.3、地点状语从句

地点状语从句常用 where, wherever 等连词引导；注意不要和where引导的定语从句相混淆。例如：

We shall go where working conditions are difficult.（状语从句）

We shall go to the place where work conditions are difficult.（定语从句）

4、条件状语从句

条件状语从句用 if unless(if...not),as(so)long as（只要）等词引导，如果主句是将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时表示。例如： As long as I live,I shall work hard.I shall not go to school unless I finish my homework.5、让步状语从句

让步状语从句由although(though), as, even if, however, whatever, no matter who(how...)等词引导。例如： Clever as he is , he doesn't study well.注意：由as引导的让步状语从句，须将作表语的形容词或名词（名词前不用冠词）放在句首。

Although it rained heavily, they still went out.No matter who asks her for advice, she is always ready to help.注意：由although（though）引导的让步从句，主句不能用but。

6、结果状语从句

结果状语从句一般由so, so that, so...that, such...that引导，放在主句之后。例如：

The box is no heavy that nobody can move it.It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it.7、目的状语从句

目的状语从句常用so...that, so that, in order that 等引导，放在主句之后。例如：

They started early that they might arrive in time.He works hard in order that he can serve the country well.8、方式状语从句

方式状语从句放在主句之后，用as, just as, as if, as though 等引导。as if 和 as though 引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。例如：

The old man runs very fast as if he were a young man.You man do as you please.9、比较状语从句

比较状语从句常由as...as, than, not so...,the more, the more等词引导。比较从句部分常是省略句。例如： I know you better than he does.The more we can do for you, the happier we will be.复合句练习题

1：Betty, ____has never been abroad, is studying English very well.A.her B.she C.that D.who 2：He wanted to make sure_______.A.how we went there by bus B.where did me go C.what did we go there D.when we went there 3：________ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 4：I’ll not ring you up ______ I come back.A.when B.as C.until D.while 5：Do you know the man whom our teacher ______ just now? A.shook handsB.shook his hands C.shook hand with D.shook hands with 6：The small mountain village ___ we spent our holiday two years ago lies in Hubei.A.what B.where C.that D.which 7：_______ he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world.A.What B.It C.Which D.That 8： It is generally considered unwise to give a child_______he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever 9：This is the first time______ here A.I was B.I will be C.I have been D.I had been 10：He wouldn’t leave the TV set, ________ he was going to have an important exam the next day.11：_____ I had warned him，he was late for school，_____ made him not take the important examination.A.What；that B.That；which C.Which；that D.As；which 12：______ he comes or not, I will wait until 10p.m.A.Whenever B.Whether C.If D.Though 13：It was _____ that we wanted to stay here for another two days.A.such fine weather B.such a fine weather C.so fine weather D.so fine a weather 14：Perseverance is a kind of quality — and that’s ______ it takes do anything well.A.what B.that C.which D.why 15：He gave a book to ______ entered the classroom.A.who B.whom C.whoever D.whomever 16：John may phone tonight.I don’t want to go out________ he phones.A.as long as B.in order that C.in case 17：The problems now _______ at the meeting is really ______.A.were discussing；surprised B.being discussed；surprising C.being discussed；surprised D.were discussing；surprising 18：There isn’t so much pollution in the country _______ in big cities.A.that B.which C.as D.what 19：The day will soon come_________ man will set foot on another planet.A.which B.that C.when D.who 20：The book is quite different from ________ I read last month.A.that B.whichC.what D./ 21：________ he went to town, he would have a look at the bookstores.A.When B.While C.Whenever D.After 22：What a shame ________ you are leaving so soon． A.that B.which C.what D.whose 23：My question is __________ you’ll go there.A.if B.whether C.that D.what 24：The horse is getting old and cannot run___________ it did． A.as faster B.so fast than C.so faster as D.so fast as 25：The road is covered with snow．I can't understand______ they insist on going by motorbike． A.why B.whether C.when D.how 26：Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see______.A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is 27：I thought her nice and honest _____ I met her.A.first time B.for the first time C.the first time D.by the first time 28：He’s got himself into a serious situation _________ he is likely to lose control over the plane.A.where B.which C.while D.why 29：All the students went to see ____ with her.A.what the matter was B.what was the matter C.what wrong was D.what was the wrong 30：Mr Zhang gave textbooks to all the pupils except_________ who had already taken them.A.the ones B.ones C.some D.the others 31：_____is expected, the boy succeeded in the exam.A.It B.As C.That D.Which 32：I’m rushed off my feet all day.I’m trying to get out of the endless business, ________ I find impossible.A.but B.whileC.whichD.that 33： ______ we can’t get seems better than _______we have． A.What；what B.What；that C.That；that D.That；what 34：The film is________ a true story.A.according to B.according as C.based on D.depended on 35：Peter kept the young plants in the sunshine ____ grow well.A.so that B.so that they could C.in order to they D.in order he 36：It is ten years _________ he joined the army.A.since B.after C.that D.when 37：He is the student _______ you think to be worthy of our praise.A.who B.whom C.he D.him 38：Though he is young, ___________ knows a lot.A.yet he B.but he C.and he D.however he 39：When you answer questions in a job interview，please remember the golden rule:Always give the monkey exactly _______ he wants．

A.what B.which C.when D.that 40：The pile of bones on the plate showed_______.A.how much chicken the family had eaten B.how many the family had eaten chicken C.how much chicken had the family eaten D.how many had the family eaten chickens 41：______ the poem a second time, the meaning will become clearer to you.A.Your having read B.While reading C.If reading D.When you read 42：Mother was worried because her little son was ill, especially ____ father was away in the USA.A.as B.if C.that D.during 43：I told him to go to see a doctor, _________ he took.A.which advice B.which C.what advice D.what 44：Too much fat，______well known，is harmful to health． A.which is B.which it is C.as is D.as it is 45：In an armchair _________ an old man, behind _________ his photo taken in Beijing.A.was sitting;him was B.was sitting;whom hang C.sat;him hung D.sat;whom hung 46：These photographs will show you _________.A.what does our village look like B.what our village looks like C.how does our village look like D.how ur village looks like 47：Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, _______ I will always treasure.A.thatB.one C.itD.what 48：Don’t use words, expressions or phrase ________ only to people with specific knowledge.A.being known B.having been known C.known D.to be known 49：The black teacher set a good example ____ all the rest of the group, _____ all peace-loving people.A.to, who are B.for, which was C.to, which are D.to, who were 50: He wonders _______ the sound came from A.where B.when C.how D.that

答案解析

1：D: who 试题解析：非限定性定语从句，不能用that，而用who。2： D: when we went there 试题解析：

宾语从句用陈述句语序。A项中有by bus就不能用how。3：

B: Whether 试题解析：

whether表示“是否”之意，引导主语从句时，不用if引导。4：

C: until 试题解析：

until既可用于肯定结构，也可用于否定结构。肯定结构意为“到„„为止”；否定结构意为“直到„„才”。本题主句谓语动词为终止性动词，用了否定句，应译成“直到我回来，我才给你打电话。” 5：D: shook hands with 试题解析：

shake hands with sb 是一个有用的短语,意为“和„„握手”。6： B: where 试题解析： 答案：B 解析：此题考查的是定语从句的用法。分析句子结构可知，该空所填词要引导定语从句，由此可以排除A，因为what不可以引导定语从句；因从句的基本结构主谓宾齐全，所以使用关系副词引导定语从句，且在从句中作状语。故正确答案唯有B项。7： A: What 试题解析：

答案解析:名词性关系代词what引导的主语从句，在此处what = the thing which。8： B: whatever 试题解析：

whatever引导名词性从句，作宾语，意为“无论什么„„都”。9： C: I have been 试题解析：

先行词是time, day, month, year等名词时，其定语从句用when引导，但It’s the first(secod, third)time that„.是特殊结构，只能用that引导，可以省略。这里的that= when。故选C。10： A: even if试题解析：

even if“即使”，引导让步状语从句。此句表示“即使第二天有重要的考试，他也不会离开电视机”。11： D: As；which 试题解析：

该题考查非限制性定语从句。what不能引导定语从句，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。as和which都可以引导非限制性定语从句。which可代替前面句子的整个或部分内容；as表示“与„„一致；正如”之意，可代替前面或后面句子的整个或部分内容，常用于as we know／see，as we expected等短语中。as可放在句首或句子中，which只能在句中。故答案应选D。

12： B: Whether 试题解析：

Whether与or not连用，引导让步状语从句。13： A: such fine weather 试题解析：

weather[U]n.虽然前面有adj.修饰，也不能加a/an,只能用“such+adj.+[U]n.”结构。14： A: what 试题解析：

what 在表语从句中作takes的宾语，构成“It takes sth.to do sth”的句型。15： C: whoever 试题解析：

从句子结构上分析，主句中的介词“to”后缺少宾语，而从句也没有主语，这时肯定要填上一个具有“双重功能”的关系性wh-连词。who和whom无此功能，排除之。D项的whomever，在这里也不对，故选C。16： C: in case 试题解析：

本题考查从属连词。由信息句John may phone tonight(约翰可能今晚给我打电话)，可知“我不想出去”，是怕“万一他给我打电话。”as long as意为只要, in order that„表示目的。

17： B: being discussed；surprising 试题解析：

being discussed作后置定语，修饰the problems。sth.is surprising。18： C: as 试题解析：

选C。先行词前若有so/such/the same等词时其关系词应用as。19： C: when 试题解析：

when引导的从句修饰day，为了平衡后置。20： C: what 试题解析：

what引导的从句作from的宾语。这里的what相当于the book(the One which／that／省略关系代词)。21： C: Whenever 试题解析：

选C。whenever意为“每当，无论何时”，等于no matter when。22： A: that 试题解析：

此题考查shame的用法。a shame意为a pity，表示“令人遗憾的事；令人惋惜的事”。通常跟that引导的从句。如：It’s a shame that you are 1ate again．What a shame that you are late again．还可以跟不定式。如：It is a shame for you to be late again． 23： B: whether 试题解析：

由语境可知该空引导从句，表示“是否”，因此应填whether而不能填if。24： D: so fast as 试题解析：

这里是比较状语从句，as„as和not so„as中间只能接形容词和副词的原级。25： A: why 试题解析：

本题考查宾语从句的引导词。根据语句的意义，选A比较恰当。句子意思是：路面上覆盖满了雪，我不明白他们为什么坚持要骑摩托车。26： D: who it is 试题解析：

宾语从句要用陈述句的语序。如果我们对所谈到的那个人还不清楚是谁时，要用it。

27： C: the first time 试题解析：

the first time(第一次)和every time，by the time，last time都可以引导时间状语从句。句意为：我第一次和她见面时，就认为她很诚实。

28： A: where 试题解析：where引导的定语从句，相当于in the situation。29： B: what was the matter 试题解析：

what was the matter(with)和what was wrong(with)作宾语从句时语序不变。注意what was the mater和what the matter was含义不同，后者意为“这是什么物质”。30： A: the ones 试题解析： 后面出现定语从句修饰，表示拿课本的“那些学生”显然是特指概念，因此排除B和C。the others“其余的人或物”，本身已表示是范围中的另一部分，后而不能用定语从句修饰。31： B: As 试题解析：

as在开头引导非限制性定语从句。32： C: which试题解析：

本题选C正确。如果选A，find后应有it作宾语，impossible作宾语补足语。而选C的理由是，which引导非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作find的宾语，which指代前面句子：I’m trying to get out of the„。

33： A: What；what 试题解析：

从语法项目分类看，此题涉及的是两个名词从句，都是主语从句，其基本框架是What we„seems better than what we„。此题把两个简单的主语从句用seem相连，加上使用了比较级，就构成了识别语句基本框架的难度，使得简单句式复杂化。34： C: based on 试题解析： according to 在作“根据，依据”讲时只做状语，不做表语。According as是较正式用语，意为“根据，取决于，视„„而定”，是从属连词，后接从句。如：You may go or stay, according as you decide.是去是留由你自己决定。Depend on是“依靠，依赖”。Be based on/ upon是“以„„为基础”，符合题意。故正确答案为C。35： B: so that they could 试题解析： so that此处表目的。36： A: since 试题解析：

当表示已经知道的原因时用as 或since, 但since比 as正式一些.37： B: whom 试题解析：

关系代词在此作定语从句谓语动词think的宾语，故用宾格。38： A: yet he 试题解析：

though虽不能与but连用，但都可以和yet／still连用，这时yet／still是连接副词，这同if„then同理。39：A: what 试题解析：

这是一个宾语从句，wants后面缺少宾语，所以要填写what。句意是：当你找工作面试回答问题时，请记住这条黄金定律：永远给予对方确实想要的东西。40：A: how much chicken the family had eaten 试题解析：

宾语从句的主谓不可倒装；how much + 不可数名词 41： D: When you read 试题解析：

本题是上海1996年的高考试题。when you read the poem a second time是时间状语从句。42： A: as 试题解析：

as引导原因状语从句，表示mother着急的原因。其他选项都不正确。43： A: which advice 试题解析：

which引导定语从句，可以表示主句的整体概念或部分概念时，接抽象名词，如time，rate，advice等。44： C: as is 试题解析：

此题考查1)which和as引导非限制性定语从句的区别用法和as都能引导非限制性定语从句。which可指主句中的某一个名词，也可指主句的整个句子，译为“这；这件事” ；as只能指主句的整个句子，译为“正如”。2)which只能放在主句后；as可放在主句的前面、中间和主句的后面。根据这两点，A、B不能填。D中as作主语，it是多余的。C项中as是主语。

45： D: sat;whom hung 试题解析：答案：D 解析：hang作“绞死”讲，是规则的；作“悬挂”讲，其过去式过去分词都是hung.根据句子的意思可知表示“挂”，由此可以排除B；在英语中，直接用逗号连接两个分句是行不通的，由此可以排除A和C。46： B: what our village looks like 试题解析： 解析：如把D项中的like去掉也对。47： B: one 试题解析：

本题一改过去考查用which引导非限定性定语从句的出题模式，没有给出该选项，因此我们在作同位语的代词中选择。本题的代词替代没有具体所指的an unforgettable moment,因此用one而不是it。在平时做题时注意不要有定势思维。本题考生错就错在只想到定语从句，选项中一旦没有which就失去了判断力。48：C: known 试题解析：

过去分词作定语，可以扩展为which are known„从句。49： D: to, who were 试题解析： 答案：D, 解析：set an example to表示给某人树榜样，由此可以排除B;因先行词指人，故使用who引导非限定性定语从句，由此可以排除C;根据时态的一致原则可知，此处应当使用一般过去时，故正确答案为D项。50： A: where 试题解析：

where引导宾语从句，在从句中作地点状语。

第四篇：主从复合句中时态的一致主要有以下几种情况

主从复合句中时态的一致主要有以下几种情况：

一、在以when，after，as soon as等引导的时间状语从句以及以if，unless等引导的条件状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时。例如：

I'll tell her the good news when she comes back.当她回来的时候，我将把这个好消息告诉她。

If it doesn't rain, he will come here on time.如果不下雨，他会按时来这儿的。

二、在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的谓语动词为过去时态时，从句须用表示过去的某种时态。例如：

He asked when they would go to the party.他问他们什么时候将去参加聚会。

Miss Green said she had been to Beijing before.格林小姐说她以前曾经去过北京。

三、在宾语从句中，当主句的时态为一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时等时态时，后面从句时态不受主句限制，可根据情况，选用各种适合的时态。例如：

Do you know when we'll have a football match?你知道我们什么时候举行足球赛吗？

You know he has gone to Shanghai.你知道他已去上海了。

四、当宾语从句表述的是客观事实、科学真理、现在的习惯动作以及格言等时，其时态不受主句限制，而用一般现在时。例如：

The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.老师告诉我们光速比音速要快。

When I was a student, my teacher often told us that time and tide wait for no man.当我还是学生的时候，老师常常告诉我们，岁月不等人。

五、在“since＋点时间”句型中，主句通常用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。例如：

He has worked at the factory since he came here.自从他来到这儿，他就一直在这家工厂上班。

另外，在句型“It's+段时间＋since＋从句”中，since后面的从句要用一般过去时。例如：

It's a long time since we met last.自从我们上次见面以来已经有好长时间了。

六、在复合句中，如果主、从句表示的动作或状态都发生在过去，而且有先后，则在先的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。例如：

When he got there, the train had left.当他到那儿的时候，火车已经开了。

He said he had visited the school before.他说他以前参观过那所学校。

第五篇：复合句翻译练习

1.Since western fast food was introduced into China ten years ago, great changes have taken place in our eating habits.自从十年前西式快餐进入中国以来，我们的饮食习惯发生了巨大的变化。

2.As long as everyone is fully aware of the risks of obesity and take effective measures, I am sure that we can have more health.只要每个人都充分意识到肥胖的危害性并且采取有效措施，我肯定我们一定能过得更健康。

3.All that the advocates say is ______________________________.支持者所说的一切均是站不住脚的。

4.I am now complaining about the guy ______________________________________________.我要投诉刚搬到我家隔壁来的那个家伙。

5.It is imperative that____________________________________________________________.采取有效措施来结束日益恶化的空气污染势在必行。

6.It is commonly believed that _____________________________________________________人们普遍认为太空探索能促进科学事业的发展。

7.Some people hold that __________________________________________________________.有些人认为旅游业的发展对传统文化产生一些负面的影响。

8.I can hardly agree with / support the proposal_______________________________________.我很难认同妇女应该回家做全职太太的建议。

9.The most practical countermeasure is that __________________________________________.最实际的对策是制定更严厉的法律和法规来惩处违规者。

10.____________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________.当每个人都充分意识到环保的重要性，并采取可行的措施，我坚信我们能享有更干净的环境。

11.It is true that the

_______________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________but this not to say that they are without disadvantages.奥运会增进各国友谊和促进主办国的经济发展，但这并非意味着奥运会是完美无缺的。

12.____________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________.因为旅游业有助于增进人们之间的了解，它将最终消除对其他国家的偏见，从而使世界变得更加和平。