高中英语语法连词和介词【65题】

第一篇：高中英语语法连词和介词【65题】

连词和介词

1【2012福建卷】China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ____all its citizens.A.in charge ofB.for the purpose ofC.in honor ofD.for the benefit of 2【2012浙江卷】_____all the animals I've ever had, these two dogs arc the most sensitive to the spoken word.A.FromB.OfC.ForD.With

3【2012湖北卷】 The furniture, with its modern style and bright colors, suits modern houses and their gardens, but looks _______ in the garden of a traditional home

A.out of questionB.out of orderC.out of sightD.out of place

4【2012江苏卷】 — Thank God you're safe!

—I stepped back, just _______to avoid the racing car.A.in timeB.in caseC.in needD.in vain

5【2012安徽卷】 You can change your job, you can move house,but friendship is meant to be______life.A.ofB.onC.toD.For

6【2012辽宁卷】The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place ______the main road at the far end of the lake.A.toB.forC.offD.out

7【2012四川卷】This training program can give you a lift at work, ____ increase your income by 40%.A.as well asB.so long asC.so much asD.as soon as

8【2012陕西卷】An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are ______________ it.A.againstB.forC.toD.with

9【2012北京卷】 Do you think this shirt is too tight ____ the shoulders?

A.atB.onC.toD.across

10【2011全国卷II 14】This shop will be closed for repairs ____ further notice.A.withB.untilC.forD.at

11【2011北京卷 35】With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be take ______ color.A.byB.forC.withD.in

12【2011上海卷 25】Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you ______ the tough years.A.throughB.upC.withD.from

13【2011湖北卷 30】When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside ________ younger men.A.in terms ofB.in need ofC.in favor ofD.in praise of

14【2011山东卷 30】I’m sorry I didn’t phone you, but I’ve been very busy_____ the past couple of weeks.A.beyondB.withC.amongD.over

15【2011安徽卷 25】Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek______ food safety problem.A.inB.toC.onD.after

16【2011浙江卷 5】I always wanted to do the job which I’d been trained ______.A.onB.forC.byD.of

17【2011四川卷 8】Nick, it’s good for you to read some books __________China before you start your trip there.A.inB.forC.ofD.on

18【2011天津卷 11】He was a good student and scored _________ average in most subjects.A.belowB.ofC.onD.above

19【2011天津卷 5】____ regular exercise is very important, it’s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.A.ItB.AsC.AlthoughD.Unless

20【2011重庆卷 24】Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read __________ the library.A.inB.forC.byD.from

21【2011江苏卷 32】We’d better discuss everything ______before we work out the plan.A.in detailB.in generalC.on purposeD.on time

22【2011全国卷I 30】The form cannot be signed by anyone ______ yourself.A.rather thanB.other thanC.more thanD.better than

23【2011全国卷I 22】Try____ she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.A.ifB.whenC.sineD.as

24【2011浙江卷 6】The school isn’t the one I really wanted to go to, but I suppose I’ll just have to ______it.A.make the best ofB.get away fromC.keep an eye onD.catch up with

25【2011福建卷 22】____ good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dished.A.Far fromB.Apart fromC．Instead ofD．Regardless of 26【2011安徽卷 24】To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, ______, honest.A.thereforeB.above allC.howeverD.after 27【2011全国卷I 25】—Someone wants you on the phone.—_____nobody knows I am here.A.AlthoughB.AndC.ButD.So

28【2011山东卷 23】Find ways to praise your children often, ____ you’ll find they will open their hearts to you.A.tillB.orC.andD.but

29【2011辽宁卷 31】Bring the flowers into a warm room ___ they'll soon open.A.orB.andC.butD.for

30【2011江西卷27】 The house was too expensive and too big._______, I’d grown fond of our little rented house.A.BesidesB.ThereforeC.SomehowD.Otherwise

31〖10福建〗The girl had hardly rung the bell ______the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.A.beforeB.untilC.asD.since

32〖10上海〗_______our manage objects to Tom’s joining the club, we shall accept him as a member.A.UntilB.UnlessC.IfD.After

33〖10安徽〗The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, ________they have the interest.A.whereverB.wheneverC.even ifD.as if

34〖10安徽〗Just use this room for the time being, and we’ll offer you a larger one _______it becomes available

A.as soon asB.unlessC.as far asD.until

35〖10江西〗— Our holiday cost a lot of money.— Did it? Well, that doesn’t matter______ you enjoyed yourselves.A as long asB unlessC as soon asD though

36〖10江西〗Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients ______ name, not case number.A ofB asC byD with

37〖10全国Ⅰ〗Mary made coffee ________ her guests were finishing their meal.A.so thatB.althoughC.whileD.as if

38〖10全国Ⅰ〗The little boy won’t go to sleep ______ his mother tells him a story.A.orB.unlessC.butD.whether

39〖10辽宁〗The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair ______ he wanted to sit next to his wife.A．althoughB．unlessC．becauseD．if

40〖10辽宁〗—It’s no use having ideas only.—Don’t worry.Peter can show you ________to turn an idea into an act.A.howB.whoC.whatD.where

41〖10北京〗_______they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures.A.AsB.WhileC.UntilD.Once

42〖10上海〗Sean has formed the habit of jogging _________the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day.A.betweenB.alongC.belowD.with

43〖10天津〗My father warned me ________going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists.A.byB.onC.forD.against

44〖10四川〗Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back _______a big tree.A.inB.belowC.besideD.against

45〖10辽宁〗I agree to his suggestion ______theconditionthathedropsall charges.A.byB.inC.onD.to

46〖10北京〗Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are _____everyone’s enjoyment.A.inB.atC.forD.to

47〖10重庆〗The dictionary is what I want, but I don’t have enough money ______me.A.byB.forC.inD.with

48〖10浙江〗I guess we’ve already talked about this before but I’ll ask you again just ______.A．by natureB．in returnC．in caseD．by chance 49〖09安徽〗—I wonder how much you charge for your services.—The first two are free _______the third costs $30.A.whileB.untilC.whenD.before

50〖09北京〗John plays basketball well, _____his favorite sport is badminton.A.soB.orC.yetD.for

51〖09北京〗The wine industry in the area has developed in a special way, ____ little foreign ownership.A.byB.ofC.withD.from

52〖09北京〗Being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a child with special needs often carries with ___extra stress.A.itB.themC.oneD.him

53〖09北京〗You may use room as you like ____ you clean it up afterwards

A.so far asB.so long asC.in caseD.even if

54〖09北京〗At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see___ it got any better.A.whenB.howC.whyD.if

55〖09湖南〗______ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.A.AlthoughB.As long asC.If onlyD.As soon as

56〖09四川〗Owen wouldn’t eat anything ____________ he cooked it himself

A.untilB.sinceC.unlessD.while

57〖09浙江〗The medicine works more effectively ____ you drink some hot water after taking it.A.asB.untilC.althoughD.if

58〖08全国Ⅰ〗Let’s learn to use the problem we are facing ______a stepping stone to future success.A.toB.forC.asD.by

59〖08全国Ⅰ〗The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit _______the season.A.whateverB.whereverC.wheneverD.however

60〖08全国Ⅰ〗—Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?

—I don’t mind where we go ______there’s sun, sea and beach.A.as ifB.as long asC.now thatD.in order that

61〖08全国Ⅱ〗A small car is big enough for a family of three ______you need more space for baggage.A.onceB.becauseC.ifD.unless

62〖08全国Ⅱ〗The road conditions there turned out to be very good, _____was more than we could expect.A.itB.whatC.whichD.that

63〖08全国Ⅱ〗Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like ______working here.A.withB.overC.atD.about

64〖08天津〗At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was _______.A.out of sightB.out of reachC.out of orderD.out of place

65〖08北京〗If you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave _____the back door.A.forB.byC.acrossD.out

参考答案 1——5DBDAD 6——10CAAAB 11——15DACDB 16——20BDDCD 21——25ABDAB 26——30BCCBA 31——35ABCAA 36——40CCBCA 41——45DBDDC 46——50 51——55 56——60 61——65

CDCAD CACDA CDCAB DCDAB

第二篇：高中英语语法教案及配套练习---连词

20.连词

连词不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词，短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词主要可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。如：and, but, or, nor, so, therefore, yet, however, for, hence, as well as, both…and, not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor,（and）then等等。

20.1 并列连词与并列结构

并列连词引导两个并列的词、词组或句子。

1）and 与or

判断改错：（错）They sat down and talk about something.（错）They started to dance and sang.（错）I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.（对）They sat down and talked about something.（对）They started to dance and sing.（对）I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.解析：第一句： and 连接两个并列的谓语，所以 talk 应改为 talked。

第二句：and 连接两个并列的动词不定式，第二个不定式往往省略to，因此sang 应改为 sing。

第三句：and 连接感观动词saw 后面的用作的宾补的两个并列分词结构，因此whisper应改为whispering。

注意：and 还可以和祈使句或名词词组连用表示条件。（or也有此用法）例如：

Make up your mind, and you'll get the chance.拿定主意，这次你会有机会的。

= If you make up your mind, you'll get the chance.One more effort, and you'll succeed.再努力一下，你会成功的。

= If you make one more effort, you'll succeed.2）both…and 两者都。例如：

She plays（both）the piano and the guitar.她弹钢琴，也弹吉他。

3）not only…but（also）, as well as不但…而且。例如：

She plays not only the piano, but（also）the guitar.她不但弹钢琴，也弹吉他。

注意：not only… but also 关联两个分句时，一个分句因有否定词not 而必须倒装。例如

Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.他不但喜欢读小说，甚至还会写。

4）neithe…nor 意思为“既不……也不……”谓语动词采用就近原则，与nor后的词保持一致。例如：

Neither you nor he is to blame.你和他都不该受指责。

20.2 比较and和or

1）并列结构中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。

2）但有时and 也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点：

There is no air or water in the moon.There is no air and no water on the moon.在否定中并列结构用or 连接，但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构，因此要用and。

典型例题

---I don't like chicken ___ fish.---I don't like chicken, ___ I like fish very much.A.and； and

B.and； but C.or； but D.or；and

答案C。否定句中表并列用or, but 表转折。

判断改错：（错）We will die without air and water.（错）We can't live without air or water.（对）We will die without air or water.（对）We can't live without air and water.20.3 表示选择的并列结构

1）or意思为“否则”。例如：

I must work hard, or I'll fail in the exam.我要努力学习，否则考试要不及格了。

2）either…or 意思为“或者……或者……”。注意谓语动词的主谓一致采用就近原则。例如：

Either you or I am right.不是你对，就是我对。

20.4 表示转折或对比

1）but表示转折，while表示对比。例如：

Some people love cats, while others hate them.有些人喜欢猫，而有些人不喜欢。

典型例题

---Would you like to come to dinner tonight?

---I'd like to, ___ I'm too busy.A.and

B.so

C.as

D.but

答案D。but与前面形成转折，符合语意。而表并列的and，结果的so，原因的as都不符合句意。

2）not…but… 意思为“不是…而是…”，后面的用词要遵循一致原则。

They were not the bones of an animal, but（the bones）of a human being.这些不是动物的骨头，而是人的。

20.5 表原因关系

1）for是并列连词，不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首，只能将其放在两个分句中间。

判断改错：（错）For he is ill, he is absent today.（对）He is absent today, for he is ill.2）so为连词, therefore一般为副词。例如：

He hurt his leg, so he couldn't play in the game.他的腿受伤了，不能上场。

I think;therefore I exist.我思故我在。

20.6 比较so和 such such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many，few，much，little连用，形成固定搭配。

so + adj.such + a（n）+ n.so + adj.+ a（n）+ n.such + n.（pl.）

so + adj.+ n.（pl.）

such +n.（pl.）

so + adj.+ n.（不可数）

such +n.（不可数）

so foolish

such a fool

so nice a flower

such a nice flower so many/ few flowers

such nice flowers

so much/ little money.such rapid progress

so many people

such a lot of people

so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 虽相当于 many，但 a lot of 为名词性的，只能用such搭配。so…that与such…that之间的转换即为 so与such之间的转换。

20.7 连词和从句练习

1.I’d get it for you ______ I could remember who last borrowed the book.a.on condition that b.now that c.except that d.considering that

2.The robber told him that he had better keep silent ______ he wanted to get into trouble

a.if b.unless c.otherwise d.whether

3.Strange ______ his behavior may be, there is a very good reason for it.a.although b.even if c.that d.as

4.We are worried about our son because no one is aware ______ he has gone.a.the place b.of where c.about the place d.where

5.The professor spoke in a loud voice ______ every one of us could hear him.a.such that b.so c.so that d.such

6.When he just got off the plane, he gave us a good description of ______ in Spain.a.what he had seen b.that he had seen c.which he had seen d.he had seen what 7.It is fitted with a small transformer, by means of ______ the voltage of the currency can be adjusted.a.whom b.which c.what d.that

8.I don’t know why she’s looking at me ______ she knew me.I’ve never seen her before in my life.a.as b.although c.even if d.as if

9.No sooner had he finished his speech ______ stormy applause broke out.a.when b.then c.than d.as

10.It is hard to avoid mistakes.______ you correct them conscientiously, it will be all right.a.In the case b.As long as c.Although d.Despite

11.Geometry, ______ I know nothing, seems a very dull subject.a.that b.about that c.which d.about which

12.The highest temperature ______ in any furnace on earth is about 10,000 centigrade.a.we can get b.that we can get it c.which we can get it d.what we can get

13.We sent the horses to a considerable distance, ______ they should disturb the children.a.less b.lest c.last d.least

14.Sound is conducted through steel in the same manner ______.a.as in air b.as through air c.as air does d.like air

15._____ he was putting on his uniform, the officer found that one of the sleeves was torn.a.Since b.Unless c.As d.Before

16.The police finally caught up with the man ______ was the escaped prisoner.a.who they thought b.whom they thought c.they thought him d.that they thought him

17.______ knows the name of this song will receive a prize from the radio station.a.Whoever b.Those c.Whichever people d.Any people 18.______ do you believe is not about to support our plan? a.Whom b.Who c.Whomever d.Which

19.He didn’t know French, ______ made it difficult for him to study at a university in France.a.that b.as c.this d.which

20.She is a fine singer, ______ her mother used to be a.like b.that c.as d.which

21.______, I realize that I owe a debt to my early country life.a.Lover of towns I am b.As lover of towns

c.Lover of towns as am I d.Though am I the lover of towns

22.The rise of Davy was all the more brilliant in ______ he had not had much schooling.a.which b.that c.what d.the way

23.She always takes careful notes in class ______ she may review them from time to time.a.so that b.in order to c.because of d.rather than

24.The reason he was late is ______ his clock didn’t give the alarm.a.because b.due to c.since d.that

25.______ he was in error will scarcely be disputed by his warmest friends.a.What b.That c.Which d.Though

26.I shall do the exercises ______ I have been taught.a.such b.as c.what d.for

27.______ is worth doing at all is worth doing well.a.That b.Whatever c.Whichever d.However

28.She was so stubborn that she never listens to the advice ______.a.that I give it to her b.which I give to her c.what I give to her d.I give it to her

29.I was supposed to be a mathematics major, but I actually took ______ courses in physics, if not more.a.so many b.as many c.a good many d.such many

30.Heat does not travel by convection in a solid, because the solid does not move, ______.a.so does a liquid b.so a liquid does c.so is a liquid d.as does a liquid

31.He explained everything over again ______ anyone should misunderstand her.a.since b.when c.lest d.as if

32.______ convincing an argument is, it needs support of evidence.a.Whatever b.However c.Although d.Even if

33.Earthworms occur ______ adequate moisture and food and the necessary soil conditions are found.a.and b.however c.but d.wherever

34.______ we gave him anything to eat, he would save it up for his little brother.a.When b.That c.Whenever d.What

35.The reason I plan to go is ______ if I don’t.a.because she will be disappointed b.because she will have a disappointment c.that she will be disappointed d.for which she will be disappointed

36.The great use of a school education is not so much to teach you things ______ to teach you the art of learning.a.than b.rather than c.nor d.as

37.If the design was wrong, the project is bound to fail, ______ good all the other ideas might be.a.whatever b.however c.whatsoever d.even

38.He gave ______ came to the store a pamphlet in which his products were described.a.who b.those c.whom d.whoever

39.Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication ______ the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.a.in that b.in order that c.in which d.that

40.Fox was advised to give the assignment to _______ he believed had a strong sense of responsibility.a.whom b.whomever c.whoever d.that

41.The chairman of the union made it clear at the meeting ______ he would not step down form his position as chairman.a.in which b.where c.because d.that

42.______ Ms.Wang reached the post-office, she discovered she had left the letter at home.a.Just as b.Because c.As long as d.When as

43.The first step in preparing such a program is to draw a flow chart, ______ are shown opposite.a.two examples of it b.two examples of which c.whose two example d.which two examples

44.______ the world began, nations have had difficulty in keeping peace with their neighbors.a.Although b.When c.Until d.Ever since

45.______ difficulties we may come across, we will help one another to get over them.a.Whatever b.Whichever c.However d.What 46.He went to work so late ______ the manager had to send for him again before he arrived.a.as b.that c.for d.when

47.______ you return those books to the library immediately you will have to pay a fine.a.Until b.If c.Unless d.Provided

48.The rose may grow as a low bush or as a tree, depending on ______.a.what it is trimmed b.how it trimmed c.that is trimmed d.how it is trimmed

49.Group work is a method of teaching ______ tasks and activities are carried out by small groups of pupils.a.which b.that c.for which d.in that

50.Einstein’s theory of relativity seemed hard to believe at the time ______.a.when he first introduced b.that he first introduced it c.he first introduced d.which he first introduced it

51.Now we may be able to say ______ between music and noise or just sound.a.what is the difference b.the difference is what c.what the difference is c.that what the difference

52.Contrary to ______ I had expected, he lost for a second time.a.that b.what c.which d.who

53.Professor Smith was so punctual ______, he always arrived to class just as the bell rang.a.that the day he died b.until the day he died

c.that until the day he died d.until the day when he died

54.______ he came to England to study, he didn’t know how to cook.a.When b.since c.Until d.Unless

55.Although Mr smith is one of those teachers who appear to be friendly, ______ he is very hard to deal with.a.but b.so c.so that d.yet

56.______ a baby kangaroo is four months old does it begin to live outside its mother’s pouch.a.Until b.Not until c.After d.Only until

57.The earliest kind of desk was a box that had a sloping lid _______ there was storage space for writing materials.a.under that b.under which c.which d.that

58.I won’t lend any money to Joe because I am afraid ______ he will forget to pay it back.a.if b.whether c.that d.of

59.______ human beings depend to a great extent on forests, every effort must be made to preserve trees and wildlife.a.If b.Unless c.Until d.Since

60.______ he was caught cheating on the exam, Oliver had been considered to be an honest boy.a.When b.After c.Although d.Before

61.Not long after Galileo’s time, Newton invented another kind of telescope ______ mirrors instead of lenses.a.which used b.in which he used c.that he used d.in that he used 62._____ him as a writer I don’t like him as a man.a.Much I admire b.Much as I admire c.As much I admire d.As I admire much 63.I punish the child ______ he should make the same mistake again.a.as be because c.lest d.unless

64.Hardly had the speaker begun to talk ______ were laughs.a.when there b.than there c.than d.that

65.A joint is ______ permits the forward and backward movement of a door.a.that b.whose c.those d.what

66.I am pleased with what you have told me and ______ you have given me.a.all what b.all that c.which d.all whatever

67.______ has recently been done to improve the conditions of elementary schools a great number of children are unable to go to school.a.That b.What c.In spite of what d.Though what

68.Nuclear weapon is considered the most terrible weapon of war ______ man has invented.a.which b.that c.as d.since

69.______ he performed the task with success.a.It was expected b.Which was expected c.As was expected d.That was expected

70.The size of the audience, ______ I had expected, was well over ten thousand.a.which b.that c.as d.whom

71.Not everybody could be expected to know all the answers, ______ some questions called for educated guesses rather than general knowledge.a.as b.so c.such d.once

72.______ you try, you’ll never lose your English accent.a.No matter what b.How hard c.No matter how hard d.Whatever hard

73.______ the bridge were packed with cars and buses, it could still carry twice the load.a.Despite b.Provided c.Unless d.Even if

74.The airplane crashed and over a hundred passengers were killed, ______.a.and that shocked the world b.and which shocked the world c.this fact shocked the world d.which shocked the world

75.The time will surely come ______ ordinary people could operate computers as well.a.while b.when c.as d.on which

76.This machine is new.______, it is in excellent condition.a.Furthermore b.However c.Otherwise d.but

77.This room had but a single window, ______ were kept closed when it was not in use.a.which its shutters b.its shutters of which c.the shutters of which d.which shutters

78.The old man is no coward;______ he is a man of high spirits.a.rather than b.on the contrary c.on the other hand d.at the same time

79.Satellite photographs can provide information on ______ rain are falling.a.which where and how much b.where and how c.where and how d.where and how much

80.Skiing is a sport ______ goes back 4,000 years.a.and its b.whose history c.its history d.and which

81.They will be praised or blamed ______ their work is good or bad.a.according as b.as for c.in as much as d.as regards 82.The story of his upbringing is shocking ______.a.to all that read it b.to all who reads it c.to all which read it d.to all who read it 83.You should get the license in two weeks;______, you’ll have to pay a fine.a.yet b.still c.or d.consequently

84.I had hardly reached the airport ______ he started for his destination.a.then b.when c.the moment d.than

85.He had a large collection of books, ______ are written in foreign languages.a.many b.many ones of which c.many of which d.many in which

86.The book is for the students ______ native language is not Chinese to study in a Chinese college or university.a.their b.that c.whose d.of whom

87.Geologists cannot accurately predict ______ the live volcano will erupt again.a.when b.which c.is that d.and when

88.______ said under oath was disputed by several other witness.a.It is the man b.What the man c.That the man d.The man has

89.______ I was going to college, I was also working as a waitress on weekends.a.During the time that b.At the moment that c.In spite of the fact that d.On the ground that

90.it is a good idea to take a first-aid kit ______ there is an accident.a.in case b.in the event of c.in condition d.but that

91.The strength of the new material is ______ it can stand heavy loads at high temperature.a.that b.such that c.what d.so that

92.That’s the doctor ______ on the seriously wounded man.a.who he operated b.that he operated c.who operated d.that operated him

93._____ , the problem can be solved in only 2 hours with an electronic computer.a.Complicated though it is b.Though is it complicated c.As it is complicated d.Complicated as it is

94.He burned all the important documents ______ that they should fall into the enemy’s hands.a.unless b.so b.lest d.for fear

95.His office on the fortieth floor of a skyscraper in the center of New York City is the world ______.a.that he works b.which he works c.he works in c.he works

96.With the introduction of the electronic computer, there are no complicated problem ______ can be solved.a.that b.as c.but d.which

97.______ all behavior is learned behavior is a basic assumption of social scientists.a.Nearly b.That nearly c.It is nearly d.When nearly

98.In the testing period, the students spent ______ much time in the classroom on mathematics ______ they spent on any other subject.a.as, as b.as, that c.so, that d.such, that

99.Our confidence in the curative properties of the bottle of medicine remains the same ______.a.like theirs b.as they c.as theirs d.as them

100.The audience, ______ enjoyed the performance.a.most of them were students b.most of whom were students c.whom they were students d.they were mostly students

101.______ steel is stronger than iron, men are able to make steel pipes with larger diameters.a.While b.If c.Unless d.As

102.Mr.Chen said that he would be punctual for the appointment, ______ he were late?

a.but what if b.how about c.so what d.and what about

103.Mrs.Lee will move into her new house next Monday, ______ it will be completely furnished.a.by which time b.by the time c.by that time d.by some time

104.I have little doubt about his competence;______ he is well-qualified for the job.a.although b.because c.moreover d.yet

105.The quantum theory states ______, such as light, is given off and absorbed in tiny definite units called quanta or protons.a.energy that b.that it is energy c.it is energy d.that energy

106.______ to space travelers is high acceleration or deceleration forces.a.Danger can be b.They can be dangerous c.What can be dangerous d.While danger

107.______ these questions may sound academic, answers to them could have profound economic and political significance.a.Since b.If c.While d.Lest

108.A body weighs ______ from the surface of the Earth.a.less the farther it gets b.the farther it gets

c.less than it gets farther d.less than it, the farther it gets

109.______ it is you’ve found, you must give it back to the person it belongs to.a.That b.Because c.Whatever d.However

110.______ is often the case with a new idea much preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produce no concrete proposals.a.That b.It c.Which d.As

111.Angiosperms inhabit relatively diverse environments and may be found ______ higher plants can survive.a.there b.wherever c.somewhere d.anywhere 112.Without facts, we cannot form a worthwhile opinion for we need to have factual knowledge ______ our thinking.a.upon which to base b.which to base upon c.which to be based on d.to which to be based 113.Twelve is to six ______ two is to one.a.what b.which c.that d.when

114.______, she knows French well.a.A child as she is b.Child as she is c.As she is a child d.The child as she is 115.______, they could find nobody in the house.a.As they would search b.Would as they search c.Search as they would d.They would search as

第三篇：形容词和副词,介词,连词

中考复习四 形容词和副词

考试要求：

形容词和副词的中考要求是：形容词改为副词（根据句子的需要）；形容词和副词的比较级和最高级；某些特殊变化的形容词和副词的比较级（little－less－least等）；形容词的同级比较（as/ so...as...的用法）；形容词比较级的叠加句型（如：The more you study，the better you will get）。

知识总结：

1.形容词的知识点：

形容词是用来形容和修饰名词的一类词。大多数形容词具有比较级，形容词的位置一般在其修饰的名词前面。形容词在句子中一般可以作定语、表语和宾语补足语等。

例如：

I want to buy a green sweater.我想买一件绿色的毛衣。（定语）

Our headmaster is ill again.我们的校长又生病了。（表语）

My dog’s death made me very sad.(宾语补足语)

形容词的种类一般有：

(1)简单的形容词有：good 好的，green 绿色的，long 长的，bright 明亮的(2)带有前缀a-的形容词：例如：afraid 害怕的，alike 相同的，asleep 睡觉的

(3)由动词的分词构成的形容词：interesting 有兴趣的，exciting 令人兴奋的；tired 疲劳的

spoiled 宠坏的。

(4)复合形容词：数词＋名词＋形容词，如：five-year-old 五岁的；

名词＋现在分词，如：heart-breaking 令人伤心的；

形容词＋现在分词，如：good-looking 英俊的。

2.副词的知识点：

副词经常用来作状语，修饰动词或者形容词，副词或整个句子，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等。

例如：

Your mother spoke to us politely.你妈妈非常有礼貌地给我们说话。

Luckily, we met our English teacher at the gate of the school.幸运的是，我们在校门口遇到了我们英语老师。

副词还可以作表语、宾语补足语和定语等，副词作定语常需放在所修饰词的后面。例如：

Life here is busy and interesting.这里的生活繁忙而有趣。

3.形容词和副词的比较等级：

形容词和副词一般有三个等级，即原级、比较级和最高级。一般来说，表示两者同等或不同等程度时用原级，通常用“as + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as...”或“not as（so）+ 形容词/ 副词原级 + as...”的结构。

例如：

My brother is as tall as I.我弟弟和我一样高。

I will run as fast as I can.我尽可能跑（和我能跑的速度一样快）。

The weather in Beijing is not so hot as that in Wuhan.北京没有武汉热。

表示两者的比较时用比较级，通常用“形容词/ 副词比较级+than”的结构。

例如：

I am much better than I was yesterday.我比昨天好多了。

Math is less interesting than English.数学不如英语有兴趣。

表示一定范围内两者以上的比较时，用最高级，通常用“the + 形容词/ 副词最高级（+名词）+ of(in)...”的结构，只是副词最高级前可省去定冠词the。

例如：

This is the busiest day of the week.这是我本周最繁忙的一天。

My sister sings best in my family.我妹妹是我们家唱歌最好的。

4.形容词和副词的比较级变化规则：

规则变化：

(1)单音节词直接在其后面加-er/-est。例如：tall－taller－tallest hard－harder－hardest(2)以字母e结尾的单音节词在其后面直接加-r/-st。例如：brave－braver－bravest。(3)以一个辅音字母结尾闭音节单音节词，双写这个辅音字母再加-er/-est。

例如：big－bigger－biggest；hot－hotter－hottest。

(4)以辅音字母＋y结尾的双音节词，先把y改为i，再加-er/-est。

例如：happy－happier－happiest。

(5)其他双音节词和多音节的词，在前面加more和most。例如：

interesting－more interesting－most interesting;

carefully－more carefully－most carefully 不规则变化：

good/well－better－best bad/ill－worse－worst

many/much－more－most little－less－least

far－farther－farthest

badly－worse－worst

5.形容词和副词的比较级的其他用法：

(1)在同级比较的结构as/ so＋原级＋as...的前面可用just，almost，nearly和half等表示程度。

例如：He doesn’t study half so hard as you.他学习努力的程度不如你的一半。

(2)两者相比表示倍数的时候用twice(...times)as＋原级＋as结构。

例如：His mistakes are twice as many as yours in the homework.他家庭作业的错误是你的二倍。

(3)比较级前面可以用many，much，far，a little，a bit，a lot等词修饰表示程度。

例如：The sun is much bigger than the earth.太阳比地球大多了。

We will come back a little later.我们会稍迟一点回来。

(4)比较级的前面可以用any和no来修饰。

例如：We were too tired to walk any farther.我们太疲劳了不能再走很远了。

He was no longer a child.他不再是一个小孩子。

(5)两个形容词和副词的比较级可以叠加表示“越来越”的意思。

其结构可以是：比较级＋and＋比较级，而多音节词可以用more and more＋比较级结构。

例如：The days are getting longer and longer.天正变得越来越长了。

Your sister becomes more and more beautiful.你的妹妹变得越来越漂亮了。

(6)如果表示“越„„，就越„„”可以用“the＋比较级„„，the＋比较级„„”的结构。

例如：The harder you works, the more you will get.你越努力学习，你得到的就越多。

(7)当比较的双方属于同一范围内时候，用other或者else排除自己，因为自己不能和自己比较。

例如：Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.上海比中国其他的城市大。

如果比较的双方不属于同一范围内时候，则不存在和自己比较的情况，所以可以不用other或者

else。

例如：Shanghai is bigger than any city in Heilongjiang.上海比黑龙江的任何城市都大。

易错点点拨：

1.比较级的形式误用。

(1)Your room is more and more dirty.You had better clean it.〔解析〕本句子是考查形容词的比较级叠加的用法。形容词dirty是以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，它的比较级的叠加不能用more and more＋形容词，应该用dirtier and dirtier，所以把more and more dirty改为dirtier and dirtier。

(2)Our school is becoming more beautiful and more beautiful.〔解析〕本句子是考查形容词的比较级叠加的用法。形容词beautiful是多音节的形容词, 所以它的比较级的叠加用more and more＋形容词的结构。所以去掉第一个beautiful。

2.比较级的修饰词用法混淆。

My English is very better than yours.〔解析〕本句子是考查形容词比较级前的修饰词的用法。形容词的比较级前面可以用many，much，far，a little，a bit，a lot等词修饰表示程度。但不能用very，所以把very改为much。

3.形容词和副词比较级、最高级的用法相混淆。

I think the car is fastest of all the three.〔解析〕本句子是考查形容词的最高级的用法，形容词的最高级前面用定冠词the，副词的最高级前可以不用定冠词the。所以fastest前加the。

4.比较的对象不一致。

The weather in Beijing is worse than Shanghai.〔解析〕本句子是考查形容词的比较级用法，两者相比的对象必须一致，北京的天气必须和上海的天气相比。所以把Shanghai改为that in Shanghai，用that代替上文提到的weather，以避免重复。

5.形容词和副词用法混淆。

My English teacher always talks friendly with us.我们英语老师总是友好地和我们交谈。

〔解析〕本句子是考查副词修饰动词的用法，但是friendly是形容词。应把friendly改为in a friendly way。

中考复习三

介词和连词

介词

考查要求：

主要体现在单项选择和完形填空中，涉及的题目多，考查的范围广，主要考查介词的基 本意义，意义相近的介词辨析、固定搭配等。

知识总结：

1.介词的概念

介词是一种虚词，一般用在名词、代词等的前面，用来表示其后面的名词或者相当于名词的词或短语和其他句子成分的关系，在句子中不能单独作句子成分，需和它后面的词共同充当句子成分。介词后面的名词或者相当于名词的词或短语叫介词宾语。可以作介词宾语的词通常有：

1）名词、代词或从句。

He lives near the school.他居住在学校附近。

Our teacher was very angry with him.我们的老师非常生他的气。

2）动名词。

They have a good idea for solving this problem.他们有一个解决这个问题的好方法。

3）动词不定式（仅限于介词but，except）。

I want nothing except to sleep.除了睡觉，我什么也不想做。

2.介词的种类

1）根据结构分类

简单介词：即由一个词构成的单一介词。例如：for，at，in，on，of，to等。

复合介词：即由两个词组合在一起的介词，也称合成介词。例如：

without inside outside into within

短语介词：即由短语构成的介词。例如：because of，according to，thanks to等。

2）根据意义分类

表示地点的介词：at，behind，beside，around，near，on，by，in front of，across等。

表示时间的介词：about，at，after，before，by，during，in，over，past，since，until等。

表示原因的介词：for，with，from等。

表示手段和方式的介词：by，in，with等。

表示“除去”的介词：but，except，besides等。

表示其他含义的介词：about(关于，大约), on(关于), without(没有), off(从„„离开)，instead of(代替), with(和)等。

3.介词短语的功能

介词和介词宾语一起构成介词短语。介词短语可以在句子中作下列成分： 1）作表语：

She looks like an actress.她看上去像演员。

What’s the book about? 这本书是讲什么的？ 2）作宾语补足语：

A cold kept him in bed for a week.感冒使他卧床一周。

I found my mother on the bus.我发现我妈妈在公交车上。

3）作状语：

I will wait for you until tomorrow.我等你到明天。

The teacher came into the classroom with a smile on her face.那位老师面带笑容进了教室。4）作定语：

A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。

4.中考经常考查的几组介词的用法

1)时间介词at/ in/ on：

表示具体的时间点（几点钟）和在周末前面用介词at。

I usually get up at six in the morning.我通常在早上六点起床。

I wasn’t here at that time.那时我没在这里。

注意：

at dinner time 在（吃）晚饭时 at night 在夜间 at weekends / the weekend 在周末

表示在特定的日子、某月某日、星期几、节日等时间的前面，或者某一天的早上、下午、晚上的前面用介词on。

We can play football on Sunday.我们可以在星期天踢足球。

They came to my house on a cold winter morning.他们在一个寒冷的早晨来到了我家。表示较长的一段时间段的名词或短语前经常用in，如在早上、下午、晚上；在某月某年等。

I was born in May.我出生在五月。

They came here in 1998.他们在1998年来这里的。

What are you going to do in the winter holiday? 寒假你打算做什么？

注意：

表示上午、下午或晚上的名词前一般用介词in，但是具体到某一天的上午、下午或晚上用介词on。in the morning 在上午 on Monday morning 在星期一的上午

2）时间介词for，since

for 和since引导时间状语都有延续之意。for +时间段表示“（延续）.......之久”。since +时间点表示从过去某时延续到现在的一段时间。

They have lived in China for ten years.他们在北京住了十年了。

She has worked here since last year.从去年起她就在这里工作。

3）时间介词in，after

in+时间段表示从现在算起一段时间以后，一般用于将来时；after+时间段表示从过去算起一段时间后，一般用于过去时。另外after后也可以接具体时间用于将来时。

He’ll be back in three hours.他三小时后回来。

He came back after three hours.三小时后，他回来了。

He’ll be back after 3 o’clock.他三点后会回来。

4)方位介词at，in，on，to

表示在某一点的位置或者具体的位置用at。

We will have a picnic at the foot of mountain.我们在山脚下举行野餐。

表示在某一个范围之内的方位用介词in。

Shandong lies in the east of China.山东省在中国的东部。（山东省在中国范围之内）

表示在某一个范围之外的方位用介词to。

Japan lies to the east of China.日本在中国的东部。（日本在中国范围之外）

表示两者相互接触，强调在同一条线或者同一个平面上用介词on。

Shandong lies on the north of Jiangsu.山东省在江苏省的北部。（两省接壤）

5)地点介词in/on / under/ above / over/ below

表示一个物体在另一个物体的上面用介词on。

There is a book on the desk.课桌上有一本书。（书在课桌表面上）

表示一个物体在另一个物体的里面用介词in。

There are some dumplings in the bowl.碗里有一些水饺。（水饺在碗里面）

表示一个物体在另一个物体的下方（一般为正下方）用介词under。

There is a ball under the chair.椅子下面有一个球。（球在椅子的下面）

below意思是“在„„之下”，所指范围较宽，不一定在某物的正下方。

From the plane, we could see the whole town below us.从飞机上我们可以看到下面城镇的全貌。

表示一个物体在另一个物体的上方，并非由“垂直之上”的含义，用介词above, 其反义词为below。

His room is above ours.他的房间在我们的上面。

表示一个物体在另一个物体的正上方用介词over，有时有“覆盖；越过”之意。

His room is over ours.他的房间就是我们头上的那间。

There is a big bridge over the river.河上有一座大桥。（桥在河的上面）

6)方位介词between，among

between是表示在两者之间；among表示在三者或者三者以上之间。

It’s a secret between you and I.这是我和你之间的秘密。

There is a village among the trees.在树林里面有一个小村庄。

7)表示工具、手段、材料的in，by，with

in可以和表示某种语言的名词连用表示“用某种语言”。

Can you answer my question in English？你能用英语回答我的问题吗？

in也可以表示用某种工具或者材料的意思。

Don’t write in pencil.Please write in ink.不要用铅笔写，请用钢笔写。

by指使用的方法和手段，by和表示交通工具的名词连用时，中间不用冠词。

My father often goes to work by bus.我爸爸经常乘坐公共汽车去上班。

He made a living by selling newspapers.他靠卖报为生。

with表示“借助于某种具体的工具或身体部位”。例如：

We write with our hands.我们用手写字。

I cut the cake with a knife.我用刀子切开了蛋糕。

8)方位介词across，through，past

表示从某一个物体的表面横过、穿过用介词across。

They swam across the river.他们游过了河。

从某一个物体的里面或者一定范围内穿过、横过用介词through。

The boys go through the forest quickly.这些男孩子快速地穿过树林。

从旁边经过用past。

They drove past a big supermarket.他们开车经过一家大超市。

9）except，besides

except表示“除„„之外（其他的都）”其后的宾语是被排除在整体之外的。besides表示“除„„之外（其他的也）”，其后的宾语是被包括在整体之内的。

All the students took part in the sports meeting except Tom.除了汤姆以外，其他的同学都参加了运动会。（汤姆没有参加）

We need three more boys besides Tom.除了汤姆以外，我们还需要三个男同学。（我们也需要汤姆）

易错点点拨：

介词容易出错的地方在于上述一些介词的用法的混淆及在一些固定搭配中的误用。

1)I usually play football with my friends in Sunday afternoon.〔解析〕本题是考查介词的用法，表示在早上、下午、晚上用介词in，但表示在具体的某一天的早上、下午、晚上用介词on。所以把in改为on。

2)Guang Dong is in the south of Beijing.〔解析〕表示方位的介词用in/on/to，在范围之内用in，而广东不在北京的范围之内，所以把in改为to。

3)I was born at July 1st, 1997.〔解析〕表示在某日或者某日的早上、下午、晚上用介词on，本句子的1997年7月1日是表示具体的一天，所以用介词on。需把at改为on。

4)—How do you go to work？—I often go to work by my father’s car.〔解析〕表示乘坐某种交通工具，用介词by＋表示交通工具的名词，中间不用冠词，但是如果这个名词前有其他的修饰词，则不能用by。此题应该把by改为in。

5)We are asked to explain the work with English.〔解析〕表示使用某种语言用介词in，从本句子的意思理解是用介词in 和English连用表示“使用英语解释”的意思。因此把with改成in。

6)They have learned a lot of subjects except English and Chinese.〔解析〕表示除了之外可以用两个介词except和besides，except是不包括的意思，从整体中排除except的后面的人或者物体；beside表示除了之外是包括的意思，表示在原来的基础上再加上besides后面的人或者物体。所以此题中把except改为besides。

7)It is very clever for your brother to do the work like this.〔解析〕在句型It is+形容词＋of/for ＋somebody ＋to do something中，用of还是用for取决于形容词，如果形容词是描述人物性格特征，后面的人与形容词有主语和表语的关系，用介词of；如果形容词不是描述人物性格特征，后面的人与形容词没有主语和表语的关系，用介词for。所以把for改为of。再如：

It’s important for you to come on time.8)At the end, we came to the top of the mountain.〔解析〕此题考查介词的固定搭配。at the end of „表示在„„末，此句中应该用in the end表示“最后”，所以应该把at改成in。

连词

考查要求：

通过连词来考查对句子的整体理解是近几年高考的热点，如两个分句的逻辑关系、结合连词考查的状语从句、连词的具体意义等。经常考查的重点连词有and，but，or，while，however及引导从句的连词if和whether；before和after等。

知识总结：

1.连词的概念

连词是连接单词、短语、从句或者句子的一种虚词，在句子中不能单独作句子的成分，一般不重读。连词基本可以分为： 1)简单连词：

如：or，and，but，if，because

2)关联连词：

如：both，and，not only„but also„

3)短语连词：

如：as if，as long as，in order to，so that

2.连词的用法

A.并列连词

1)表示平行或者对等关系，常用的有and，so，not only„but also„（不仅„„而且„„），both„and„(两者都„„)，neither„nor„（既不„„也不„...）等。

Not only does he love the teachers, but also the teachers love him.他爱老师，老师也爱他。

2)表示转折关系，常用的有but，yet（然而），while（然而）等。

I am poor，but I am very happy.我很贫穷，但是我很愉快。

3)表示选择关系，常用的有or，either„or„（或者„„或者„„），not „but „(不 是„„而是„„)等。：

You may go with us，or you may stay at home.你或者和我们一起去，或者呆在家里。

4)表示因果关系，常用的有：for(因为)，so（因此）等，此时for不能放在句首。

He must sleep, for his room is dark.他一定睡了，因为房间是暗的。

B.从属连词

1)引导时间状语从句，常用的有：before，after，when，while，until，since，as soon as等。

I will come to tell you as soon as it comes out.结果一出来我就来告诉你。

2)引导原因状语从句，常用的有：because（因为），as（因为），since（既然）

Because it was too late, we took a taxi.因为天晚了，我们打了一辆出租车。

3)引导结果状语从句，常用的有：so„ that（如此„„以致于），such„that（如此„„以致于），so that（结果„„）等。

She was so careless that she forgot to write her name on the paper.她那么粗心，都忘记在卷子上写名字。

4)引导条件状语从句，常用的有：if，unless（除非），as long as（只要）等。

We will come here if it is fine tomorrow.如果明天天气好的话我们就来这里。

5)引导让步状语从句，常用的有：though，although，even if（即使），however（无论怎样）等。

We were still working though it was very late.尽管很晚了我们仍然在工作。

6)引导比较状语从句，常用的有：as，than，so/ as„as，more than。

This book is more interesting than that one.这本书比那本更有兴趣。

7)引导地点状语从句，常用的有：where，wherever等。

Please stay where you are.请呆在你现在的地方。

8)引导名词性从句（如宾语从句），常用的有：that，if，whether，who，whom，what，which，whose，when，where，why，how。

Can you tell me when they got there? 你能告诉我他们是什么时候到那里的吗？

I think that he’ll be back soon.我认为他们不久就会回来。

3.连词使用时的几个注意事项：

1）not only„ but also„, neither„ nor „, either „ or„, not „ but„接主语时，谓语动词按就近原则处理。

Not only you but also he has to leave.不只是你，他也得离开。

Either you or I am wrong.不是你错，就是我错。

Not money but workers are what we need.我们需要的不是钱，而是工人。

2）祈使句，+and/ or +简单句，前面的祈使句表示条件，后面的简单句表示结果，or意思为“否则”。

Hurry up, and we’ll catch the bus.快点，我们就能赶上车。

Hurry up, or we’ll be late.快点，否则我们会晚的。

3）英语中连词because和so一般不能同时在一个句子使用，同样连词although和but也不能同时在一个句子中用。这一点和汉语完全不同。

Though he is young, he can help his mother a lot.虽然他很小，但是能给他妈妈帮很多忙。（无but）

It was too hot in the room, so he took off his coat.因为房间里很热，所以他脱掉了外套。（无because）

易错点点拨：

1.Because he was ill, so my father didn’t come to my party.〔解析〕从句子的意思理解上下句是因果关系，英语中因为“because”和所以“so”一般不连用，所以去掉so。

2.Both you and he has to go there on foot.〔解析〕表示并列关系的连词both„and连接主语时，谓语动词应该用复数，所以把has改为have。

3.I am ill, and I still go to school.〔解析〕从前后两个句子的意思理解是转折关系，所以用连词but表示转折。表示“尽管我病了，我仍然去上学”。所以把and改为but。

4.—Which do you like better, tea and coffee? —I like tea better than coffee.〔解析〕从问句的前半句Which do you like better可以判断后面用连词or表示选择关系。所以把and改为or。

5.My brother likes swimming better to studying.〔解析〕从句子的意思理解是用连词than引导表示比较的状语从句。所以把to改为than。但是prefer„ to„，是固定搭配，表示“和„„相比，更喜欢„„”。

6.We want to know as your father will come to our party tomorrow.〔解析〕从句子的意思理解可以看出“We want to know”后面是宾语从句，而as不能引导宾语从句，应该用连词if/whether表示“是否”或when表示“什么时候”来引导的宾语从句。所以把as改为if/whether/when。

第四篇：古代汉语 介词、连词 用法总结

介词、连词

一、介词

1、于（於、乎）

——引入行为动作涉及的对象

宋公及楚人战于泓。（《左传·僖公二十二年》）是干戚用于古，不用于今也。（《韩非子·五蠹》）引入行为动作的处所与时间。

颍考叔为颍谷封人，闻之，有献于公。（《左传·郑伯克段于鄢》）利泽施乎万世。（《庄子·大宗师》）——引入行为动作比较的对象

青，取之於藍而青於藍；冰，水为之而寒於水。（《荀子·劝学》）其闻道也，固先乎吾。（韩愈《师说》）——引入行为动作的主动者，即表示被动。

刑赏已诺，信乎天下矣。（《荀子·王霸》）

2、以

引入行为动作凭借的工具、材料与依据。

蛇出于其下，以肱击之。（《左传·鞌之战》）以羽为巢，而编之以发。（《荀子·劝学》）引入行为动作凭借的资格、身份或地位。

儒以文乱法，侠以武犯禁。（《韩非子·五蠹》）骞以郎应募使月氏。（《汉书·张骞传》）引入行为动作的原因

夫韩魏灭亡，而安陵以五十里之地存者，徒以有先生也。（《战国策·魏策四》）扶苏以数谏故，上使外将兵。（《史记·陈涉起义》）引入行为动作的时间。

文（指田文，即孟尝君）以五月五日生。（《史记·孟尝君列传》）

3、为

（1）引入行为动作的对象。

为长安君约车百乘。（《战国策·触龙说赵太后》）苦为河伯娶妇。（《史记·西门豹治邺》）烦大巫妪为入报河伯。（《史记·西门豹治邺》）（2）引入行为动作的目的

魏其锐身为救灌夫。（《史记·魏其武安侯列传》）（3）引入行为动作的原因

天行有常，不为尧存，不为桀亡。（《荀子·天论》）

二、连词

1、与 作连词

畦留夷与揭车兮，杂杜衡与芳芷。（屈原《离骚》）作介词

公与之乘，战于长勺。（《左传·庄公十年》）夸父与日逐走。（《山海经·夸父逐日》）

2、而

（1）连接联合结构，连接形容词、动词或形容词、动词性词组，表示两种性质或行为之间的联系。既可以使顺接，也可以是逆接

美而艳。（《左传·桓公元年》）入而徐趋，至而自谢。（《战国策·触龙说赵太后》）因释其耒而守株，冀复得兔。（《韩非子·五蠹》）水浅而舟大也。（《庄子·逍遥游》）

（2）连接偏正结构，即连接状语与谓语动词，是一种顺接。

吾尝终日而思矣，不如须臾之所学也。（《荀子·劝学》）太后盛气而揖之。（《战国策·触龙说赵太后》）

（3）连接主谓结构，即连接主语和谓语，是一种逆接，或是一种假设。

故令尹诛而楚奸不上闻，仲尼赏而鲁民易降北。（《韩非子·五蠹》）十人而从一人者，宁力不胜，智不若耶？畏之也。（《战国策·赵策三》）子产而死，谁其嗣之？（《左传·襄公三十年》）学而时习之，不亦说乎？（《论语·学而》）

用在联合结构中，连接动词性词组，表示两种行为之间的联系，顺接。

舟已行矣，而剑不行，求剑若此，不亦惑乎？（《吕氏春秋·察今》）连接主谓结构，是一种逆接。

吾恂恂而起。（柳宗元《捕蛇者说》）

连接偏正结构，即连接状语与谓语动词，是一种顺接。

未至，道渴而死。（《山海经·夸父逐日》）

连接偏正结构，即连接状语与谓语动词，是一种顺接。

意而安之，愿假冠以见；意如不安，愿无变国俗。（《说苑·奉使》）连接主谓结构，表示假设。

3、则

（1）表示两件事情在时间上相承，可理解为“就”、“便”等。

战则请从。（《左传·庄公十年》）

人情一日不再食则饥，终岁不制衣则寒。（晁错《论贵粟疏》）（2）表示因果或情理上的联系，可理解为“那么”、“那么就”等

风之积也不厚，则其负大翼也无力。（《庄子·逍遥游》）民贫则奸邪生。（晁错《论贵粟疏》）是故无事则国富，有事则兵强。（《韩非子·五蠹》）（3）表示假设，可理解为“如果”、“假如”

时则不至，而控于地而已矣。（《庄子·逍遥游》）（4）表示发现，可理解为“原来已经”。

公使阳处父追之，及诸河，则在舟中矣。（《左传·僖公三十三年》）（5）表示让步关系，可理解为“虽然”、“倒是”等。

善则善矣，未可以战也。（《国语·吴语》）

4、之

（1）连接定语和中心语，表示领属或修饰关系

是炎帝之少女。（《山海经·精卫填海》）足下上畏太后之严，下惑奸臣之态。（《战国策·范雎说秦王》）（2）插在主谓结构之间，取消主谓结构的独立性，使其变成偏正结构

贡之不入，寡君之罪也。（《左传·齐桓公伐楚》）汤之问棘也是已。（《庄子·逍遥游》）

第五篇：1介词与连词的区别

介词与连词的区别

介词与连词区别

1．“和、跟、同、与”，有时是连词、有时是介词，而且属兼类词，所以很难区别。例如：

[1]弟弟跟妹妹都走了。(连词)

[2]弟弟跟妹妹借书。(介词)

区别的方法有三点

(1)“连词前后成分平等，可以互换位置而语义基本不变，而介词前后成分则有主有次，不能互换，否则意思全变了。例如，[1]弟弟跟妹妹都走了。＝妹妹跟弟弟都走了。

[2]弟弟跟妹妹借书。≠妹妹跟弟弟借书。

(2)如果谓语部分有”都“、”全“、”一起“等词语，则前面的”和、跟、同、与“必是连词，例如”弟弟跟妹妹都借书“，其中”跟“即为连词。

(3)如果是介词，它前面可以加上某些副词状语，而连词之前则不行。例如：

[1]弟弟跟妹妹都走了。→弟弟老跟妹妹都走了。（不通）

[2]弟弟跟妹妹借书。→弟弟老跟妹妹借书。

[注意]：

”和、跟、同、与“有的分工：”和“常作连词，”同“常作介词，”跟“口语中使用，”与"书面语中使用。例如：

[1]我国同美国和日本等国情不同。

[2]你别跟我来这一套。

[3]酒与文学(文章标题)

介词与连词的区别：和、跟、与、同

（1）连词所连前后项平等并列关系，共作同一成分，位置互换而意义不变，介词则否;

（2）介词前可出现修饰语（状语），连词则否;

（3）介词之前成分可省略，连词则否;

（4）连词所连后项之后可有“都、也、全”等，介词则否

-------------------------“与”在连词和介词两种用法下“意义”相同，这是一个重点，也是一个难点。

1、赵孝成王德公子之矫夺晋鄙兵而存赵，乃与平原君计，以五城封公子。

2、陈涉少时，尝与人佣耕。

3、不复出焉，遂与外人间隔。

4、齐与楚从亲。

5、秦王与群臣相视而嬉。

6、买五人之脰而函之，卒与尸合。

上述句中1、2、3、6为介词，4、5为连词，其一般的分辩方法是：连词连接的成分前后顺序可以调换，而介词不能。

经验：1“与”前有状语（主要为副词），直接确定其为介词，且屡试不爽；2“与”前无状语，但承前省略主语，亦为介词。

高考真题

（重庆卷05）加点词的意义和用法不相同的一组，其中C项为：C

即以数十骑涉夏境，猝与之遇。介词（前有副词）

独乐乐，与人乐乐，孰乐。介词（省略主语）