第一篇：富兰克林巧读书
龙源期刊网 http://.cn
富兰克林巧读书
作者：朱秀英
来源：《学生天地·小学中高年级》2007年第08期
富兰克林出身贫困，幼年只上过两年小学。可他在自学过程中创造性地运用复述式读书法阅读了大量书籍，获取了丰富的知识，终于成为举世闻名的、文理兼通的“传奇科学家”。
一、概括提要。每读完一篇文章，富兰克林就沉思默想一番，竭力把文章的内容概括成一份比较详细的提纲，写在笔记本上。这样读一遍，想一遍，对内容概括一遍，再把概括结果写一遍。眼、脑、手同时发挥作用，这样文章就能理解得深，记忆得牢。长期坚持，思考能力和概括能力也就得到了提高。
二、回忆复述。概括提要几天后，富兰克林还会再把所写的详细提纲拿出来，借助它进行回忆。“试着不看原书，用自己想到的某些合适的词和记出的摘要加以引申，要表现得跟原来的完全一样”；“凭记忆把原篇重新照样写出来”。用脑中储备的材料试着复现原文，为的是进一步探究原作的精髓，学习作者思考问题、表情达意的方法。复述中若有某些内容记不起或记错了，留待下一步再加以解决。
三、对照修改。回忆复述后，富兰克林会把原作找来，与之细细进行对照。通过对照，他不仅发现了自己的错误，而且还发现了自己“缺乏词汇”，“在记诵和运用词汇方面缺少准备功夫”，从而摸清了自己的底，找到了努力的方向。
四、整理改写。经过上述步骤，对文章已经读得很熟，对它的精妙之处也领会得较为深刻，富兰克林在此基础上再进行改写工作。他先是凭记忆把所读的文章进行缩写，几星期后，他又把所写的文章改写成原文，“竭力使它们还原为最好的次序”。写成后，他再与原文对照，又能发现许多不足和错误。在研究不足和错误发生的原因中，他又学到了名家遣词造句、谋篇布局的种种技巧。久而久之，他欣喜地发现自己的写作水平有了明显的提高。正是这样的整理改写，训练了他“整理思想的方法”。
富兰克林这种复述式的读书法，从表面来看花时间、速度慢，而实际上却是慢中藏快，笨中含巧。一段时间下来，便能积小得为大得，深入原文，享受到读书的乐趣。
第二篇：英语读书报告----《本杰明.富兰克林自传》
In today’s knowledge-exploiting world, we no longer want for things to see, hear, read or learn as our ancestors did.Indeed, so many things are emerging everyday, but most of which just flash past, disappear, and are never remembered again.And the same can be said of books.If you enter any bookstores or libraries, you will find it more and more difficult to choose what you want to buy or read, each book on the shelves seeming to be waving towards you and trying to convince you that he is a better choice.Gradually, I incline to be a little conservative when confronting the embarrassment and hesitation on choosing books,that is to pick up a classic-only attitude.If a book can preserve itself for more than a century, there must be some reasons to go through it.On the contrary, a best-seller today may have a life for no more than a decade.I don’t think someone can be more intelligent or wiser than history itself, which thus may be a better guide for what should read or whom we should listen to.Yet this may take the risk of missing the original rising of contemporary classics, I still think it deserved considering another risk of contributing my time to something worthless or even bad.Forgive me ,my dear teacher, for saying so much as irrelevant to the required “book report”.In fact, I am always swimming in books as you kindly expected.And the above feeling is just my little happy and also miserable story between me and books.Well, back to the theme, the Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin is here what I would like to reflect on, which demonstrates my principles as for choosing books-----“the older, the better”.Benjamin Franklin ,as we all have already known, was a most successful thinker, politician, diplomat, scientist and entrepreneur in American history.In his Autobiography, which was originally written by him to his son as an education for all his posterities, Franklin showed all of us how he emerged from poverty and obscurity to a state of affluence and reputation all over the world.He was born in a soap-boiling family and was bred a soap-boiler by his father and brother all through his childhood.Unlike his brothers ,sisters and most of other contemporaries, Franklin’s curiosity was not in the career his family had designed for him.In fact , like any children, he interested himself in so many things ,most in reading.Many who have read his Autobiography will say, that what separated him from any others was reading and thinking, this answer being not enough to satisfy myself.Personally, I concluded that it was his constant unsatisfaction with contemporary being and pursuit of truth that fundamentally led to his great success: It was for this reason that he made use of all his leisure time to read books of history, philosophy, literature, natural science and economics etc., and to learn by himself French, German, Italian, Portuguese and Latin language;it was for this reason that he escaped home to Philadelphia to make his own living before adulthood and finally set up his own printing-house;it was for this that he could list thirteen virtues as a lifelong pursuit to continually perfect himself when he was just twenty-three years old;it was for this reason that he established so many organizations such as Junto , proposed so many reforms of the city and made so many inventions which all improved people’s living standards;and most importantly, it was for this reason that he , along with such great figures as George Washington and Thomas Jerferson, led the Americans through the Independence Revolution and laid the foundation of prosperity for America.Great books won’t fade away with time passing by.The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin has long been a best-seller in the world’s publishing history for its over 200-year existence, during which it has influenced countless people and helped them to change their life road forever.Maybe that is where the force of classics lies, so old ,so strong……
Written by Yangxiaoqiang
第三篇：忙,何妨巧读书
忙，成为很多人不读书的理由。但有意思的是，一些极其繁忙的人，他们的阅读量同时也是惊人的。古之司马光、近之曾国藩，以及众所周知的毛泽东，都是如此。如果善于安排，调理得当，忙碌其实不该成为妨碍读书的借口。恰恰相反，有时忙碌会成为读书的推动力。怎么做呢？我以为有以下三个方法：
其一，融读书与忙碌为一体，是所谓“挤”时读书。
当把读书与工作和实践结合起来时，阅读是一种开阔思路的休闲方式，既丰富了实践的视角，又拓展了个人的见识，可谓是相得益彰。我们往往可以看见很多人在事业发展的不同阶段，会选择不同的书来阅读。阅读与实践结合，乃至成为实践的一部分，就是将忙碌工作与读书融为一体了，二者就不再对立。而且，它可能成为忙碌工作时一种自我休息的方式。比如，一位编程人员读比尔•盖茨的传记，一位护士读《德兰修女传》，一位律师读推理侦探小说。这种阅读没有直接的实用诉求，却是与工作相得益彰。这样，你不会感觉读书与工作是一种对立关系。当然，也不会有人觉得你是在不务正业。这是很多优秀人士成功的秘诀，既获得了专业的启发，又得到了身心的滋养。
其二，利用零碎时间积久功深，是所谓“拣”时读书。
人之所以繁忙，是因为没有整块时间去阅读。在八小时之外，很多人也加班加点，或忙于各种应酬，看似确实没有时间阅读了，但其实这是一种谬见。我们总以为读书就要窗明几净，正襟危坐，用一整个上午时间，泡一壶清茶才能进行，其实不然。古人云，善读书者善用“三余”时间，欧阳修所主张的枕上、马上、厕上，皆是读书时间。再繁忙的工作也总有许多边边角角的时间，比如候车、坐车、开会前一刻钟，入睡前半小时以及晨起一刻钟等等。这些时间利用好，读一小段文字，会有受益与乐趣，而这一定要是一种非功利阅读，即不是为了某种直接目的的阅读。由于无所牵挂，不计其功，读起来更容易得书中三昧。所以，能在繁忙间歇转入阅读，又能在该应对时由静到动，从容转换，是一种涵养，一种功夫。如此，善于利用零碎时间读几页书，积少成多，有益无弊。嗜书如命，手不释卷的达尔文曾经说过，“我从来不认为半小时是微不足道的很小的一段时间。”其实秘诀就在这里，那些大成就者的渊博可能就来自于这里。繁忙时节总有“边角料”，就在于怎样利用好。从这个层次上来说，读书何尝不是一项人生修炼。能静能动，自在自由，人生不断臻至更高境界。
其三，将读书与休闲结合，是所谓“闲”时读书。
忙碌使人没有时间读书，因为很多时间不属于我们掌握。而节假日应当是大多数人可以自由支配的时间。这个时间读一点书，或让读书成为休闲方式的一种，则是忙碌人士读书的最佳选择。读书之所以被很多人视为畏途，在于它似乎总与学习相关。其实，要善于把读书与直接的学习诉求相剥离，而与乐趣结合。轻松阅读，完全可以是节假日的一种娱乐方式。我们每见海滩上，运动场旁有人在运动之余、休闲之余，手捧一卷似在休息，又似在阅读。这样可以慢慢品出读书之乐。所以，节假日读书也未尝不是一种极好的娱乐方式——不但娱身，更怡心神。
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第四篇：富兰克林演讲稿
Second Inaugural Address(1937)We Will Carry On!持久进步之路
Franklin D.Roosevelt富兰克林-罗斯福（1882---1945）
32nd President of the United States(1933---1945)Political Party : Democratic When four years ago we met to inaugurate a President ,the Republic ,single-minded in anxiety ,stood in spirit here.we dedicated ourselves to the fulfillment of a vision-to speed the time when there would be the pursuit of happiness.We of the Republic pledged ourselves to drive from the temple of our ancient faith those who had profaned it;to end by action ,tireless and unafraid , the stagnation and despair of that day.We did those first things first.Our covenant with ourselves did not stop there.Instinctively we recognized a deeper need-the need to find through government the instrument of our united purpose to solve for the individual the ever-rising problems of a complex civilization.Repeated attempts at their soluation without the aid of government had left us baffled and bewildered.For , without that aid ,we had been unable to create those moral controls over the services of science which are necessary to make science a useful servant instead of a ruthless master of mankind.To do this we knew that we must find practical controls over blind economic forces and blindly selfish men.We of Republic sensed the truth that democratic government has innate capacity to protect its people against disasters once considered inevitable ,to solve problems once considered unsolvable.We would not admit that we could not find a way to master economic epidemics just as , after centuries of fatalistic suffering , we had found a way to master epidemics of disease.We refused to leave the problems of our common welfare to be solved by the winds of chance and the hurricanes of disaster.In this we Americans were discovering no wholly new truth;we were writing a new chapter in our book of self-government.This year marks the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the Constitutional Convention which made us a nation.At that Convention our forefathers found the way out of the chaos which followed the Revolutionary War;they created a strong government with powers of united action sufficient then and now to solve problems utterly beyond individual or local solution.A century and a half ago they established the Federal Government in order to promote the general welfare and the blessings of liberty to the American people.Today we invoke those same powers of government to achieve the objectives.Four years of new experience have not belied our historic instinct.They hold out the clear hope that government within communities , government within the separate States , and government of the United States can do the things the times require , within yielding its democracy.Our tasks in the last four years did not force democracy to take a holiday.Nearly all of us recognize that as intricacies of human relationships increase , so power to govern them also must increase-power to stop evil;power to do good.The essential democracy of stop our Nation and safety of our people depend not upon the absence of power , but upon lodging it with those whom the people can change or continue at stated intervals through an honest and free system of elections.The Constitution of 1787 did not make our democracy impotent.In fact , in these last four years , we have made the exercise of all power more democratic;for we have begun to bring private autocratic powers into their proper subordination to the public’s government.The legend that they were invincible—above and beyond the processes
of a democracy—has been shattered.They have been challenged and beaten.Our progress out of the depression is obvious.But that is not all that you and I mean by the new order of things.Our pledge was not merely to do a patchwork job with secondhand materials.By using the new materials of social justice we have undertaken to erect on the old foundations a more enduring structure for the better use of future generations.In that purpose we have been helped by achievements of mind and spirit.Old truths have been relearned;untruths have been unlearned.We have always known that heedless self-interest was bad morals;we know now that it is bad economics.Out of the collapse of properity whose builders boasted their practicality has come the conviction that in the long run economic morality pays.We are beginning to wipe out the line that divides the practical from the ideal;and in so doing we are fashioning an instrument of unimagined power for the establishment of a morally better world.This new understanding undermines the old admiration of worldly success as such.We are beginning to abandon our tolerance of the abuse of power by those who betray for profit the elementary decencies of life.In this process evil things formerly accepted willnoy be so easily condoned.Hard-headedness will not so easily excuse hardheartedness.We are moving toward an era of good feeling.But we realize that there can be no era of good feeling save among men of good will.For these reasons I am justified that the greastest change we have witnessed has been the change in the moral climate of America.Among men of good will ,science and democracy together offer an ever-richer life and ever-larger satisfaction to the individual.With this change in our moral climate and our rediscovered ability to impeove our economic order , we have set our feet upon the road of enduring progress.Shall we pause now and turn our back upon the road that lies ahead ？Shall we call this the promised land ？Or ,shall we continue on our way ？For “Each age is a dream that is dying , or one that is coming to birth.”
Many voices are heard as we face a great decision.Comfort says , “Tarry a while.” Opportunism says , “This is a good spot.”Timidity asks , “How difficult is the road ahead ?”
True ,we have come far from the days of stagnation and despair.Vitality has been preserved.Courage and confidence have been restored.Mental and moral horizons have been extended.But our present gains were won under the pressure of more than ordinary circumstances.Advance became imperative under the good of fear and suffering.The times were on the side of progress.To hold to progress today , however , is more difficult.Dulled conscience , irresponsibility , and ruthless self-interest already reappear.Such symptoms of prosperity may become portents of disaster!Prosperity already tests the persistence of our progressive purpose.Let us ask again : Have we reach the goal of our vision of that fourth day of March 1933 ? Have we found our happy valley ? I see a great nation , upon a great continent , blessed with a great wealth of natural resources.Its hundred and thirty million people are at peace among themselves;they are making their county a good neighbour among the nations.I see a U nited States which can demonstrate that , under democratic methods of government , national wealth can be translated into a spreading volume of human comforts hitherto unknown , and the lowest standard of living
can be raised far above the level of mere subsistence.But here is the challenge to our democracy : In this nation I see tens of millions of its citizens---a substantial part of its whole population---who at this very moment are denied the greater part of what the very lowest standards of today call the necessities of life.I see millions of families trying to live on incomes so meager that the pall of family disaster hangs over them day by day.I see millions whose daily lives in city and on farm continue under conditions labeled indecent by a so-called polite society half a century ago.I see millions denied education , recreation , and the opportunity to better their lot and the lot of their children.I see millions lacking the means to buy the products of farm and factory and by their poverty denying work and productiveness to many other millions.I see one-third of a nation ill-clad , ill-housed , ill-nourished.It is not in despair that I paint you that picture.I paint it for you in hope---because the Nation , seeing and understanding the injustice in it , proposes to paint it out.We are determined to make every American citizen the subject of his country’s interest and concern;and we will never regard any faithful law-abiding group within our borders we add more to the abundance of those who have much;it is whether we provide enough for those who have too little.If I know aught of the spirit and purpose of our Nation , we will not listen to Comfort , Opportunism , and Timidity.We will carry on.Overwhelmingly , we of the Republic are men and women of good will;men and women who have more than warm hearts of dedication;men and women who have cool heads and willing hands of practical purpose as well.They will insist that every agency of popular government use effective instruments to carry out their will.Government is competent when all who compose it work as trustees for the whole people.It can make constant progress when it keeps abreast of all the facts.It can obtain justified support and legitimate criticism when the people receive true information of all that government does.If I know aught of the will of our people , they wil demand that these conditions of effective government shall be created and maintained.They will demand a nation uncorrupted by cancers of injustice and , therefore , strong among the nations in its example of the will to peace.Today we reconsecrate our country to long-cherished ideals in a suddenly changed civilization.In every land there are always at work forces that drive men apart and forces that draw men together.In our personal ambitions we are individualists.But in our seeking for economic and political progress as a nation , we all go up , or else we all go down , as one people.To maintain a democracy of effort requires a vast amount of patience in dealing with differing methods , a vast amount of humility.But out of the confusion of many voices rises an understanding of dominant public need.Then political leadership can voice common ideals , and aid in their realizatioin.In talking again the oath of office as President of the United States , I assume the solemn obligation of leading the American people forward along the road over which they have chosen to advance.While this dutty rests upon me I shall do my utmost to speak their purpose and to do theit will , seeking Divine guidance to help us each and every one to give light to them that sit in darkness and to guide our feet into the way of peace.
第五篇：富兰克林名人名言
富兰克林名人名言
1、我不让工作追求，而是去追求工作，常常努力于完全统驭工作，而不做工作的奴隶。人大凡具有完全统驭工作的信心，精神就必然振奋。——富兰克林（美国）
2、一个人失败的最大原因，是对自己的能力缺乏充分的信心，甚至以为自己必将失败无疑。——富兰克林
3、你热爱生命吗?那么别浪费时间，因为时间构成生命的`材料。——富兰克林
4、择友宜慎，弃之更宜慎。富兰克林
5、兄弟可能不是朋友，但朋友常常如兄弟。——富兰克林
6、闲暇就是为了做一些有益事情的时间。——富兰克林
7、你热爱生命吗？那么别浪费时间，因为时间是组成生命的材料。——富兰克林
8、没有任何动物比蚂蚁更勤奋，然而它却最沉默寡言——富兰克林
9、懒鬼起来吧！别再浪费生命，将来地坟墓内有足够的时间让你睡的。————（美国）富兰克林
10、失足，你可能马上复站立，失信，你也许永难挽回——富兰克林
11、七十一懒惰象生锈一样，比操劳更能消耗身体经常用的钥匙，总是亮闪闪的。——富兰克林
12、我不让工作追求，而是去追求工作，常常努力于完全统御工作，而不做工作的奴隶。人如果能具有完全统御工作的信心，精神就必然振奋。——富兰克林
13、你热爱生命吗?那么别浪费时间，因为时间是组成生命的材料。——富兰克林
14、失足，你可以马上恢复站立;失信，你也许永难挽回。——(美)富兰克林
15、闲暇是为了做出某种有益的事而有的时间。——富兰克林（美国）
16、我们从别人的发明中享受了很大的利益，我们也应该乐于有机会以我们的任何一种发明为别人服务；而这种事我们应该自愿的和慷慨地去。——富兰克林
17、命运的变化犹如月之圆缺，对智者毫无妨害。——富兰克林
18、你热爱生命吗？那么别浪费时间，因为时间是构成生命的材料。——富兰克林
19、一个人失败的最大原因，就是对于自己的能力永远不敢充分的信任甚至自己认为必将失败无疑。——富兰克林
20、今天乃是我们惟一可以生存时间。我们不要庸人自扰-或为未来的漫无目的而苦闷，或为昨天的过去而伤怀-而使它成了我们身体上和精神上的地狱。——富兰克林（美国）
21、懒惰像生锈一样，比操劳更能消耗身体经常用的钥匙，总是亮闪闪的。——富兰克林
22、你热爱生命吗？那幺别浪费时间，由于时间是组成生命的材料。——富兰克林
23、早眠早起，使人健康富有明智。——富兰克林
24、诚实和勤勉应该成为你永久的伴侣。——富兰克林
25、读书是易事，思索是难事，但两者缺一，便全无用处。——（美国）富兰克林
26、你热爱生命吗？那么别挥霍时刻，由于时刻是构成生命的原料。——富兰克林
27、对于所受的伤害，宽恕比复仇更高尚，鄙视比雪耻更有气度。——富兰克林
28、成功与失败的分水岭，可以用这五个字来表达我没有时间。（美国）富兰克林
29、忽视当前一刹那的人，等于虚掷了他所有的一切。——富兰克林
30、读书使人充实，思考使人深邃，交谈使人清醒。——富兰克林
31、你热爱生命吗？那么别浪费时间，因为时间是组成生命的材料——富兰克林
32、失足，你可能马上复站立，失信，你也许永难挽回。——富兰克林
33、我们常听说由水变成酒是个奇迹。这个由上帝恩典造成的奇迹每日都发生天堂将下雨水到葡萄园，由树根进入葡萄，变成酒。这是上帝爱我们，并乐见我们快乐的明证。——富兰克林
34、浪费时刻是所有支出中最奢侈及最昂贵的。——富兰克林
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