第一篇：英语课文1
IT‘S UNFAIR
Jenny was a good girl, but she had one shortcoming.She was often late for school.One morning when she came in late, Mr Black, her teacher, got angry.“I‘ll write to your father if you aren‘t here on time tomorrow,” he told her.Jenny didn‘t want him to do that because her parents were very strict with her.The next day she got up very early and went to school without breakfast.When the bell rang, she was waiting in her seat.The door opened and the teacher came in.But it wasn‘t Mr Black.It was Miss Green.Mr Black was ill, so she was taking his class instead.How disappointed Jenny was!
The next morning Jenny got up even earlier.After a quick breakfast she hurried to school.Just before she got to the school gate, she stopped.There was a wallet lying on the ground.She picked it up.“Whose is this?” She wondered.As she stood there, she heard the first bell.“What shall I do?” She asked herself.“I‘ll turn it in first,” she decided.And so she did.When she hurried into the classroom, Mr Black was a lready beginning his lesson.“Jenny White,” he said as soon as he saw her.“Didn‘t I tell you to be here on time?”
“I‘m sorry, sir,” Jenny tried to explain.“I was late because I had to„.”
“I will not to listen to any excuse,” Mr Black stopped her.“If you can‘t get here on time, I will have to write to your father.”
“But Mr Black, that‘s„that‘s unfair!”
“Unfair!How dare you say that?” Mr Black said angrily.“I‘ll report you to the headmaster!”
“I was trying to do a good deed,” Jenny thought, “and now„” she couldn‘t keep back her tears.As soon as the bell rang for the break, the door opened and in came Mr Smith, the headmaster.He was holding a wallet in his hand.“Excuse me, Mr Black,” he said, “but is this wallet yours?”
“Why, yes.It is mine.” Mr Black was surprised.“I didn‘t know I lost it.”
“One of our girl found it and turn it in just before school started,” Mr Smith said.“Oh? Who was it?” Mr Black asked.“I must thank her.”
“It was Jenny White.”
Mr Black‘s face slowly turned red.He looked at Jenny and said, “I‘m very sorry, Jenny.I take back what I said.”
“And I‘m sorry, Mr Black.I‘ll try not to be late again,” Jenny said.这是1983年10月第一版初中英语第四册第4课和第5课《这是不公平的》。感谢网友张先生输入文本。
THE SEAGULLS OF SALT LAKE CITY
Salt Lake City is a beautiful city in the west of North America.The name comes from a great lake nearby.The city lies in a valley with high mountains all around it.But long ago there was almost nothing in this place and were very few people living here.More than a hundred years ago, a group of men, women and children moved from the east to the west.They had travelled a long way.At last these brave people came to the great mountains by the salt lake.They crossed the mountains and reached this quiet place.They decided to stay here, and so they built their homes and made their farms.This was where Salt Lake City now lies.The people had to work hard on their farms, because their lives depended on their crops.One day while they were working in their field, some farmers saw something strange in the sky.“Whats that?” asked one of them.“Where?” asked another, as he stopped to look.“Over there, ”was the reply.They saw something like a cloud coming, but it was too low in the sky.As they watched, it came nearer and nearer.Suddenly a shout went up: “Locusts!Millions of them!”
The words put fear into the heart of all, because they knew what locusts could do, and they had never seen so many of them before.In no time the locusts came down and started eating and everything-the wheat, the corn, the grass and the leaves on the trees.The farmers brought out things to fight the locusts.They tried everything.But while they were killing the locusts in one place, millions more arrived in another.What could the farmers do?
Suddenly there was a great noise.As they looked up, they saw another cloud coming towards them.To their surprise, they saw not locusts this time, but seagulls.The farmers cried out, “Theyve came to eat what the locusts have left。”
But to their joy, they found that the seagulls had come to eat not the crops, but the locusts.They had seen or smelled the locusts and had come from the Salt Lake City.Now they were eating the locusts!In a short w hile they ate up millions of them.The farmers crops were saved.The people were very thankful.They decided that from then on no one should ever kill a seagull.And today, if you go to Salt Lake City, you can see a monument with seagulls on top of it.这是1983年10月第一版初中英语第五册第5课《盐湖城的海鸥》。
NATHAN HALE The young American stood quietly while the British guards searched his clothes.They found nothing.“If they don’t find the maps in my boot,” he thought, “maybe they will let me go.Then I’ll try to send the maps to General Washington.”
“Take off your boots,” one of the guards ordered.The American’s heart beat faster.He took off his boots and handed them to the guard.The guard looked inside one boot, then the other.“Use your knife, man!” ordered the British officer nearby.The guard brought out his knife and cut one boot open.He stopped suddenly and the American knew what it meant.The maps of the British army’s defence works!
The guard took the American to General Howe.The general looked at the maps.“I see you’ve made some drawing of our defence works,” he said.“This can only mean one thing.”
“Yes, sir.”
“Do you have anything to say to yourself?”
“No, nothing.”
“What’s your name?”
“Nathan Hale.”
“Rank?”
“Captain.”
The general studied the maps a few more minutes.“Captain Hale,” he said finally.“I’ve never seen such fine drawings.You know, we could use a man like you.Why not join us? You won’t have to worry about rank or pay.”
Nathan Hale looked straight at the general.“Nothing could make me turn against my country!”
“Then there’s only one thing I can do, you understand?”
“Yes, sir.”
“You will be hanged as a spy early tomorrow morning.”
*
*
*
Nathan Hale looked around as the British soldier put the rope around his neck.“Now, Nathan Hale.” said the British officer.“Let’s hear what you have to say before you die.”
Nathan Hale took a last look at his beautiful country and said, “I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country.”
这是1983年10月第一版初中英语第五册第2课《内森·黑尔》。A QUESTION OF PRONOUNCIATION This happened in London.It was November and the weather was very wet and cold.A Frenchman had caught a very bad cold.He coughed day and night.So he decided to go and get some medicine for his cough.As he did not know much English, he got out his dictionary and looked up the word “cough”.But the dictionary did not tell him how to pronounce the word.He thought it over and remembered that he had learned the word “plough”.He remembered that it was pronounced [plau].So he thought that c-o-u-g-h must be pronounced [kau].Then he put on his coat and hat and went to a chemist’s shop.When the man in the shop asked him what he wanted, the Frenchman said:
“I want something for my cow, please.”
The man in the shop looked at him.Had he heard him correctly?
“I beg your pardon, sir?” he asked.The Frenchman repeated: “I want some medicine for my cow.”
“For your cow?” asked the man.“Are you a farmer?”
“A farmer?” said the Frenchman in surprise.“What makes you think I’m a farmer? I come from Paris.I’m not a farmer.”
“Where’s your cow, then?” asked the man in the shop.“It’s here!” replied the Frenchman.He put his hand on his chest and began to cough.“Here it is!” he said.“I’ve a very bad cow here.”
Then the man in the shop understood what the Frenchman meant.He wanted some medicine for his cough.1983年10月第一版初中英语第五册第3课《发音问题》。
AT THE LIBRARY It's four o'clock in the afternoon.Liu Ying is at the library.She's going to borrow some books.She's speaking to the assistant.Liu Ying: Good afternoon!Assistant:Good afternoon!Can I help you? Liu Ying: Do you have From Earth to Moon? Assistant: Let me see...Ah, here it is.Liu Ying: Thank you.How long may I keep it? Assistant: Two weeks.Liu Ying: Can I keep it a little longer? Assistant: Yes, you can.But you must come and renew it if you can't finish it in time.Liu Ying: Must I bring the book back for that? Assistant: Yes, you must.And you mustn't lend it to others.vLiu Ying: All right, I won't.May I look at some of the new books? Assistant: Certainly.They're over there.这是我的初中英语第三册第3课《在图书室》。
THE ARAB IN THE DESERT An Arab was walking alone through the desert when he met two men.The men looked worried.It seemed that they had lost something.The Arab went over to them.“Have you lost one of your camels?” he asked them.“Yes,” they said.“Was he blind in the right eye and lame in the left foot?” asked the Arab.“Yes, he was.”
“Had he lost a tooth and was he carrying corn?”
“Yes,” said the men.“Please tell us where he is.”
“I don’t know where he is,” said the Arab.“I’ve never seen such an animal.”
“Did someone tell you about him?”
“No.”
The two men looked at each other in surprise.They could not believe the Arab’s words.Finally, they came up close to him, took hold of him, and shouted:
“Where’s the animal? And what have you done with our goods?”
The Arab insisted that he had never seen the camel.At last the men took him before a judge.They said that the Arab had stolen their camel.“I’ve never seen their camel,” insisted the Arab.“But I’m a man of the desert, and I’ve learned to look carefully at everything I see.This morning I saw the tracks of a lost camel.I knew this because there were no man’s tracks near those of the camel.I also saw that the camel must be blind in the right eye, because he had only eaten the grass on his left side and had not touched the grass on his right.The animal was lame because with one foot he left a track much lighter than any of the others.He had lost a tooth, because wherever he ate grass, there was always a small space left untouched.I also found groups of ants near the tracks of the camel.They were pulling pieces of corn.From these facts I was able to tell what goods the animal was carrying.”
The judge and the two men were satisfied with what the Arab had said.Together the four men set out to look for the lost animal.这是1983年10月第一版初中英语第五册第4课《沙漠里的阿拉伯人》。1978年版全日制十年制小学课本小学语文第四册第20课《找骆驼》是同一则故事。
从前，有个商人走失了一只骆驼，他很多地方都没找到，心里很着急。这时候，他看见一位老人在前边走，就赶上去问：“老人家，您看见没看见一只骆驼？”
老人说：“你问的那只骆驼是不是左脚有点跛？”
“是的。”
“是不是左边驮着蜜，右边驮着米？”
“不错。”
“是不是缺了一颗牙齿？”
“对极了！您看到它往哪儿去了？”
老人说：“那我可不知道。”
商人忿忿地说：“别骗我了，一定是你把我的骆驼藏起来了。要不，你怎么知道得这么详细？”
老人不紧不慢地说：“赶嘛生气呢，听我说嘛。刚才我看见路上有骆驼的脚印，右边深、左边浅，就知道骆驼的脚有点跛。我又看见路的左边有一些蜜，右边有一些米。我想骆驼驮的一定是这两样东西。我还看见骆驼啃过的树叶，上面留下了牙齿印，所以知道它缺了一颗牙齿。至于骆驼往哪儿去了，你应该顺着骆驼的脚印去找。”
商人听了，照着老人的指点一路找去，果然找到了走失的骆驼。
WHAT'S WRONG WITH TOM? Tom was very quiet this morning.He said he felt sick.“Oh, ooh!I feel terrible,” he said.“Mum, I can't go to school today.” So his mother took him to see the doctor.(At the doctor's)
Mother: Good morning, Doctor.Doctor: Good morning, Mrs Brown.Good morning, Tom.What's your trouble, young man?
Tom: I … I've got a headache and …(Begins to cough)
M: Why, Tom, you're coughing too!
T: Ooh … I feel terrible!
D: Have you taken his temperature?
M: Yes, I have.He hasn't got a fever.D: Tom, open your mouth and say “ahh”.T: Ahh!
D(to Tom's mother): How long has he been like this?
M: Ever since this morning.D: Has he had anything to eat?
M: He's had some bread, two eggs, a glass of milk a 16 nd an orange.D: Did you give him any medicine?
M: No.He hasn't had any medicine.D: Mmm.How are you feeling now, young man?
T: Very bad, Doctor.In fact, I feel even worse.Ooh!Ooh!I think I'm going to die.D: Die!You won't die, Tom.You'll be all right soon.M: So it's nothing serious, Doctor?
D: No.Your son will be all right by supper time.Tom's trouble is very common to boys these days.It comes and goes very quickly.M: But I don't understand, Doctor.D: This afternoon, the biggest football game of the year will be on TV.If your son feels enough to watch TV by then, he'll be fine after the game.You wait and see.M: Oh, I see!Thank you very much, Doctor.Come along, Tom.D: Goodbye!
这是1983年10月第一版初中英语第四册第8课《汤姆怎么了？》。
THE MONKEY AND THE CROCODILE One day a little monkey was playing in a tall tree by the river.A crocodile was swimming slowly near the bank with her baby.She looked around for some food.Suddenly she saw the monkey.“Aha, there's my meal,” she thought.She then turn to her son, “Do you love me, Son?”
“Why, of course, Mum!” the baby crocodile said.“Well then, you catch the monkey and give me his heart to eat.”
“But how can I?” the baby crocodile asked.“Monkeys can't swim, and I can't climb trees.”
“You needn't climb the tree,” his mother said.“Use your head, then you will find a way.”
The baby crocodile thought hard.Then he had an idea.He swam near the tree and shouted, “Hey, Monkey!Would you like some bananas?”
“Bananas!Mm!I love them,” said the monkey.“But where are they?”
“On the other side of the river.There are some banana trees there, and they have lots of bananas on them.I'll take you there on my back.”
“Good,” the monkey came down and jumped onto the crocodile's back.Soon they were in the middle of the river.Suddenly the crocodile went down under the water.When he came up again, the monkey was all wet.“Don't do that!” The monkey cried.“Don't do that again!I can't swim, you know.”
“I know, but I have to,” answered the crocodile.“My mother wants to eat your heart.”
The little monkey was clever.“Why didn't you tell me earlier?” He asked.“My heart isn't here with me.I left it in that tree over there.”
“Then we'll have to go back for it.Mother doesn't want you without your heart.” The crocodile turned and swam back to the bank.Soon they reached the bank.The monkey jumped off the crocodile at once, picked up a big stone and quickly climbed up the tree.The crocodile waited for the monkey to come down again.As he was waiting, he suddenly heard a voice from above:
“Hey, Crocodile!”
The crocodile looked up.The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing.‘Here's my heart.Come up and get it.Don't keep your mother waiting„You can't come up? Well, catch!'
With these words, he threw the big stone at the crocodile.这是1983年10月第一版初中英语第四册第2课和第3课《猴子和鳄鱼》。感谢网友张先生输入文本。
THE RAILS SING This story is about a bright boy in a small village in Europe.He worked in a town far away.Every day he went there by train.In those days, trains run very slowly.Few people like taking trains.But this boy didn’t mind because he enjoyed listening to the click, click of the rails.One evening after work, the boy was going home on the train.He sat in his seat quietly.He was listening to the click of the rails.Suddenly there was a break in the singing of the rails.“Something is wrong,” said the boy to himself.He stood up.“Stop the train!” He cried.“Something is wrong with that boy,” someone said.One man shouted at the boy, “be quiet, boy！What’s the matter with you?”
Another man said, “Don’t be foolish, boy!”
But the boy would not be quiet.“Stop the train!Stop the train!There’s danger ahead!” He cried.He went to look for the conductor of the train.“Conductor,” he said when he found the man.“Please listen to the click of the rails.Something is wrong.”
The conductor listened.Then he said, “You are quite right, boy.We must stop the train.”
The train stopped.The conductor got off and checked the rails
When he got on the train again, he said to the others, “The boy was right.There’s something wrong with one of the rails about thirty metres ahead.He saved our lives.”
This boy later became a musician.Many people like his music.When you listen to one of his pieces, you can hear click, click, click.It sounds like the singing of rails.这是1983年10月第一版初中英语第四册第6课《铁轨唱歌》。
DOLPHIN LANGUAGE One day Mr Green, the science teacher, asked his class, “What do you want to be when you grow up?”
“I want to be a dolphin trainer like my uncle,” Mike answered.“Why do you want to be a dolphin trainer?” asked Mr Green.“Because I’m interested in dolphin language.”
“Dolphin language? Tell us more.”
“All right,” answered Mike.My uncle tells me that dolphins are very clever.One day my uncle saw a sick dolphin in the pool.It couldn’t come up for air.So it whistled to the other dolphins for help.They came to their friend and made some strange sounds.They looked sad.Then together they pushed the sick dolphin’s head up above the water.Soon it got well.“
Mike went on with his story.”Some scientists once said to my uncle, ‘if you live with a dolphin and talk to it all day, maybe you can teach it some words.’ My uncle decided to do that.He lived with a dolphin.The dolphin loved to play ball so he decided to teach the word “ball” first.He threw a ball to the dolphin and said the word “ball” many times.Soon the dolphin started to say the word.“
When Mike finished, John asked, ”Can dolphin learned to speak Chinese, too?“
Mike said, ”I think so.They’re like children.Children learned their first words in the language of their parents.Maybe a Chinese can teach a dolphin its first words in Chinese.“
Kate asked, ”How do they make sounds?“
Mike didn’t know.”They make sounds through blowholes in their heads,“ said Mr Green.”Scientists know a little about dolphin language, but they have a lot more to learn.“
”That’s why I want to be a dolphin trainer,“ said Mike.这是1983年10月第一版初中英语第四册阅读材料3《海豚的语言》。感谢网友张先生输入文本。
STANDING ROOM ONLY Look at your watch for just one minute.During that time, 239 babies were born in the world.Perhaps you think that isn’t much.In the next hour, over 14,000 more babies will be born on the earth.So it goes, hour after hour.In one day people have to feed about 340,000 mouths more.Just think how many more there will be in one year!What will happen in a hundred years?
The population problem may be the greatest one of the world today.Two thousand years ago, there were only 250 million people on the earth.Four hundred years ago, the figure was over 500 million.By the beginning of this century, however, the world’s population was about 1,700 million.In 1970, this figure was over 3,600 million.People say that by the year 2,000, it may be 8,000 million.According to a UN report, in about 600 years there will be standing room only on the earth.【原注】①根据美国人口咨询社1981年资料推算。
这是1983年10月第一版初中英语第四册阅读材料1《只剩站立之地》。感谢网友张先生输入文本。80年代初对人口问题的忧虑，最典型的要数姜昆、李文华合说的相声《祖爷爷的苦恼》。
LET ME HELP YOU W------Woman
L-------Liu Mei
P------Policeman
H------Husband
(At a street corner.)
W(looking very worried): Oh, dear!What shall I do?
(Liu Mei is on her way to see a film, but she stops.)
L: What's the matter, Granny? Can I help you?
W: I'm here to see my husband.He is in hospital.He wrote the name of the hospital in his letter, but I can't find the letter now.What shall I do?
L: It's not in any of your pockets?
W: No.L: Maybe you put it in your basket.W(looking in her basket): Ah, yes, here it is!(She shows it to Liu Mei.)
L: Yes, this is it.W: how can I get there? I don't know the way.L: I don't either, granny.I'll ask the policeman.(Runs to the policeman at the corner.)
L: Excuse me, which is the way to the East Street Hospital?
P: Go down this street, then turn right at the second crossing.At the end of the road you'll find the hospital.It's about half an hour's walk.But you can get there by bus.L: Which bus shall I take?
P: The No.3 bus over there.It will take you right there.L: Thank you.(Runs back to the old woman.)Granny, the hospital is a bit far from here.Shall we go by bus?
W: All right.(Twenty minutes later the old woman finds her husband.How happy they are to see each other!)
H: But how did you get here?
W: This little girl brought me.H: Which girl?
(They look around but Liu Mei is already gone.)
W: What a good girl!27
(Liu Mei is very late for the film, but she doesn't mind.)
这是1983年10月第一版初中英语第四册第1课《让我来帮助您》。感谢网友张先生输入文本。
”What a Fool I Was!“ On April 1, Mike decided to play a joke on his friends.At lunch-time he said to Tom, ”I think we're going to have a science test this afternoon.“
”A test?“ said Tom.”Really?“
”Yes, it's quite true,“ said Mike.”When I was by Mr Hill's room, he was talking to another teacher about a test.I think there will be a science test this afternoon.Tell Paul and Kathy about it.“
Later, Tom told Paul and Kathy about the test.Soon, almost all the students in Mr Hill's science class knew about it.They quickly went into the classroom and began to study.But not Mike.He was laughing to himself at his classmates.”What fools!“ he thought.”April fools.“
When class began, Mr Hill said to the students, ”Class, we are going to have a test today.“
Mike was surprised.He could not believe his ears.When Mr Hill handed out the papers, the students began to write.But not Mike.He had to think and think and think.As soon as the class was over, the students gathe red around Mike.All of them were very graceful to him.But he could only smile.”What a fool I was!“ he thought.It really was April Fools' Day for Mike.这是1983年10月第一版初中英语第四册阅读材料2《“我太傻了！”》。感谢网友张先生输入文本。我们最初都是从这篇文章知道“愚人节”的。
A TELEPHONE CALL
Mrs Black: Hello!
Mary: Hello!May I speak to John?
Mrs Black: Sorry, John isn't in.Mary: Is that Mrs Black speaking?
Mrs Black: Yes.Who's that?
Mary: This is Mary, Mrs Black.I called at four thirty this afternoon, but nobody was in.Mrs Black: Oh, we were all out.John wasn't back home hten.Mr Black and I were at the cinema.Can I take a message for John?
Mary: Yes, please.John asked me to help him with his lessons this evening.I'm afraid I can't do that today.Mother is ill.I have to look after her at home.Mrs Black: I'm sorry to hear that.Just stay at home and take good care of your mother.Don't worry about John.You can help him later, can't you?
Mary: Yes.Please tell John about it.Mrs Black: OK.31
Mary: Thanks a lot.Bye-bye.Mrs Black: Goodbye.这是我的初中英语第三册第4课《一个电话》。
THE ARAB AND THE CAMEL Once an Arab was travelling on his camel.When the sun started to go down, he stopped and set up his tent.Then he made a fire, ate his meal and lay down to sleep.Suddenly it began to blow.It became colder and colder.The camel put his head into the tent.”Master, could you let me put my head in the tent? It's so cold outside.“
The Arab was a kind man.”Why, yes,“ he said.”Put your head in and get warm.“
Then he went back to sleep.But before long, the camel woke him.”My head is warm now, but my neck is cold.Could I bring it inside, too?“
”All right,“ the Arab said.And the camel put his neck in.There wasn't much more room in the tent now, as the camel had a long neck.Again the Arab went back to sleep, but again the camel woke him up.”Master, I really must ask you to move over a bit.I've warmed my head and my neck, but I'd like to bring my front legs inside and warm them up, too.“
The Arab moved over.He had to sit up now, for there wasn't enough room for him to lie down and sleep.”What next?“ He wondered.Just the camel said: ”This tent is really too small for both of us.Besides, my other two legs are still out in the cold.Why don't you go out and leave the tent to me?“
And with that, the camel kicked the poor man out.Give a greedy person an inch and he will take a foot.这是1983年10月第一版初中英语第四册阅读材料4《阿拉伯人和骆驼》。感谢网友张先生输入文本。
THE ARTIST Long, long ago there lived a king.He loved horses.One day he asked an artist to draw him a beautiful horse.The artist said, ”All right, but you must wait.“ So the king waited.He waited and waited.At last, after a year he could not wait any longer.He went to see the artist himself.Quickly the artist brought out paper and a brush.In five minutes he finished drawing a very beautiful horse.The king was angry.”You can draw a good horse in five minutes, yet you kept me waiting for a year.Why?“
”Come with me, please.“ said the artist.They went to the artist's workroom.There the king saw piles and piles of paper.On every piece of paper was a picture of a horse.”It took me more than a year to learn to draw a beautiful horse in five minutes.“ the artist said.这是我的初中英语第三册第5课《美术家》。
”THE MOVING BLACKBOARD“ More than one hundred years ago there was a great French scientist with the name Ampère.One day, Mr Ampère went out for a walk in the street.There were a lot of people and much noise there.But all this was nothing to him.He was thinking of a maths problem.He had no paper with him.How could he work it out?
Just then, he saw a blackboard in front of him..He ran up to it at once.He took out a piece of chalk and wrote his problem on the blackboard.Then he started to work on it.The blackboard moved a little, but he did not notice it.The blackboard moved on.Mr Ampère moved with it.The blackboard started to move faster and faster.Mr Ampère could not keep up with it any longer.He stopped to have a look.What did he see? Why, the ”blackboard “ was NOT a blackboard.It was the back of a carriage!
这是我的初中英语课本第三册第6课《正在移动的黑板》。古今中外在学习研究中太专注以致达到忘我境界的事例不胜枚 36 举。如今，无论是在家里，还是在路上，这种故事都应当尽量避免，要记住安全第一。
安培（Andre Marie Ampère，1775～1836）法国物理学家。1775年1月22日生于里昂一个富商家庭。从小受到良好的家庭教育。他父亲按照卢梭的教育思想，鼓励他走自学成才之路。12岁时就自学了微分运算和各种数学书籍，显示出较高的数学天赋。为了能到里昂图书馆去看接阅读欧勒、伯努利等人的拉丁文原著，他还花了几星期时间掌握了拉丁文。14岁时就钻研了当时狄德罗和达兰贝尔编的《百科全书》。没有上过任何学校，依靠自学，他掌握了各方面的知识。1802年，在布尔让－布雷斯中央学校任物理学及化学教授，1808年被任命为新建的大学联合组织的总监事，此后一直担任此职。1814年被选为帝国学院数学部成员。1819年主持巴黎大学哲学讲座。1824年任法兰西学院实验物理学教授，1836年6月10日在马赛逝世。
他是将数学分析应用于分子物理学方面的先驱。他的研究领域还涉及植物学、光学、心理学、伦理学、哲学、科学分类学等方面。他写出了《人类知识自然分类的分析说明》（1834～1843）这一涉及各科知识的综合性著作。
A PAGE FROM A STUDENT'S DIARY October 22nd, Saturday Cloudy
There were no classes this afternoon.My classmates all went to the Summer Palace.They had a good time, but I didn't go.After lunch Aunt Huang came in.She looked worried.”Grandma is ill,“ she said.”I must take her to the hospital.But my baby,...I can't leave her by herself.“
Mother and Dad were not at home.So I said, ”Don't worry.I can look after her.“
”Thank you, Xiao Ping.Thank you.“
The baby was about ten months old.At first she was asleep.Half an hour later she woke up.She couldn't find her mother and began to cry.”Don't cry,“ I said.I talked to her.But she looked at me and cried harder and harder.I turned on the radio.She topped crying and listened to the music.After a few minutes she started to cry again.”Listen to me,“ I said.I started to sing.The baby watched and listened.She didn't cry any mo
re.Then I made faces and jumped like a monkey.The baby laughed and laughed.All that afternoon I jumped and sang and did all kinds of things.When Aunt Huang came back, I was so tired.In the evening Wang Lin came to see me.I told him the whole story.He laughed.”You're great!I'm going to tell everyone.I'm going to tell them 'Bring your babies to Li Ping.He can take good care of your babies.'"
这是1982年10月第1版初中英语第三册第7课《一篇学生日记》。
第二篇：英语课文（模版）
Unit1 One way of summarizing the American position is to state that we value originality and independence more than the Chinese do.The contrast between our two cultures can also be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor.Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired;there is, on the other hand, no comparable hurry to promote creativity.American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge;on the other hand, skills can be picked up later.However, I do not want to overstate my case.There is enormous creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and artistic innovations past and present.And there is a danger of exaggerating creative breakthroughs in the West.When any innovation is examined closely, its reliance on previous achievements is all too apparent(the “Standing on the shoulders of giants” phenomenon).But assuming that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and creativity are both worthwhile goals, the important question becomes this:
Can we gather, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills? Unit2 Yet I feel nothing more than a passing whim to attain the material things so many other people have.My 1999 car shows the wear and tear of 105,000 miles.But it is still dependable.My apartment is modest, but quiet and relaxing.My clothes are well suited to my work, which is primarily outdoors.My minimal computer needs can be met at the library.In spite of what I don’t have, I don’t feel poor.Why? I’ve enjoyed exceptionally good health for 53 years.It’s not just that I’ve been illness-free, it’s that I feel vigorous and spirited.Exercising is actually fun for me.I look forward to long, energizing walks.And I love the “can do” attitude that follows.I also cherish the gift of creativity.When I write a beautiful line of poetry, or fabricate a joke that tickles someone, I feel rich inside.I’m continually surprised at the insights that come through my writing process.And talking with so many interesting writer friends is one of my main sources of enjoyment.Unit4 I’d never realized how important daily routine is: dressing for work, sleeping normal hours.I’d never thought I relied so much on co-workers for company.I began to understand why long-term unemployment can be so damaging, why life without an externally supported daily plan can lead to higher rates of drug abuse, crime, suicide.To restore balance to my life, I force myself back into the real world.I call people, arrange to meet with the few remaining friends who haven’t fled New York City.I try to at least get to the gym, so as to set apart the weekend from the rest of my week.I arrange interviews for stories, doctor’s appointments — anything to get me out of the house and connected with others.But sometimes being face to face is too much.I see a friend and her ringing laughter is intolerable — the noise of conversation in the restaurant, unbearable.I make my excuses and flee.I re-enter my apartment and run to the computer as though it were a place of safety.I click on the modem, the once-annoying sound of the connection now as pleasant as my favorite tune.I enter my password.The real world disappears.Unit5 The runway felt different this time.It startled him for a brief moment.Then it all hit him like a wet bale of hay.The bar was set at nine inches higher than his personal best.That’s only one inch off the National record, he thought.The intensity of the moment filled his mind with anxiety.He began shaking the tension.It wasn’t working.He became more tense.Why was this happening to him now, he thought.He began to get nervous.Afraid would be a more accurate description.What was he going to do? He had never experienced these feelings.Then out of nowhere, and from the deepest depths of his soul, he pictured his mother.Why now? What was his mother doing in his thoughts at a time like this? It was simple.His mother always used to tell him when you felt tense, anxious or even scared, take deep breaths.So he did.Along with shaking the tension from his legs, he gently laid his pole at his feet.He began to stretch out his arms and upper body.The light breeze that was once there was now gone.He carefully picked up his pole.He felt his heart pounding.He was sure the crowd did, too.The silence was deafening.When he heard the singing of some distant birds in flight, he knew it was his time to fly.Unit6 Why are we so quick to limit ourselves? I’m not denying that most little girls love dolls and most little boys love videogames, and it may be true that some people favor the right side of their brain, and others the left.But how relevant is that to me, or to anyone，as
an
individual?
Instead of translating our differences into hard and fast conclusions about the human brain, why can’t we focus instead on how incredibly flexible we are? Instead of using what we know as a reason why women can’t learn physics, maybe we should consider the possibility that our brains are more powerful than we imagine.Here’s a secret: math and science don’t come easily to most people.No one was ever born knowing calculus.A woman can learn anything a man can, but first she needs to know that she can do it, and that takes a leap of faith.It also helps to have selective hearing.Unit7 Two centuries ago an English judge in India noticed that several words in Sanskrit closely resembled some words in Greek and Latin.A systematic study revealed that many modern languages descended from a common parent language, lost to us because nothing was written down.Identifying similar words, linguists have come up with what they call an Indo-European parent language, spoken until 3500 to 2000 B.C.These people had common words for snow, bee and wolf but no word for sea.So some scholars assume they lived somewhere in north-central Europe, where it was cold.Traveling east, some established the languages of India and Pakistan, and others drifted west toward the gentler climates of Europe.Some who made the earliest move westward became known as the Celts, whom Caesar’s armies found in Britain.New words came with the Germanic tribes — the Angles, the Saxons, etc.— that slipped across the North Sea to settle in Britain in the 5th century.Together they formed what we call Anglo-Saxon society.The Anglo-Saxons passed on to us their farming vocabulary, including sheep, ox, earth, wood, field and work.They must have also enjoyed themselves because they gave us the word laughter Unit8 There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to live in harmony with its surroundings.The town lay in the midst of a checkerboard of prosperous farms, with fields of grain and hillsides of orchards where, in spring, white clouds of bloom drifted above the green fields.In autumn, oak and maple and birch set up a blaze of colour that flamed and flickered across a backdrop of pines.Then foxes barked in the hills and deer silently crossed the fields, half hidden in the mists of the autumn mornings.Along the roads, laurel, viburnum and alder, great ferns and wild flowers, delighted the traveller’s eye through much of the year.Even in winter the roadsides were places of beauty, where countless birds came to feed on the berries and on the seed heads of the dried weeds rising above the snow.The countryside was, in fact, famous for the abundance and variety of its bird life, and when the flood of migrants was pouring through in spring and autumn people travelled from great distances to observe them.Others came to fish the streams，which flowed clear and cold out of the hills and contained shady pools where trout lay.So it had been from the days many years ago when the first settlers raised their houses, sank their wells and built their barns.
第三篇：英语课文
Anna’s blog Hello everyone.Welcome to my blog.About me
My name is Anna.I'm from Germany.I'm 11 years old.I'm tall and thin.I have long hear.I live with my family in a house close to some mountains.My mum is an Art teacher.My dad is a doctor.I have an elder sister and an elder brother.About my school and my hobbies
Every day, I go to school by school bus.My favourite subjects are Maths, Art and Science.I like my school because the teachers are all very friendly.My dream is to be an engineer.I like many sports.I'm good at swimming and playing basketball.There are my favourite hobbies.I want to make friends with young people from all over the world!Email me , please!
A day at school By Sam
I am a junior high school student.I love going to school.My school is close to my home,so I always go to school on foot.Classes start at 8 a.m,and I am seldom late.My favourite subject is Geography.I enjoy learning about different places in the world.In the morning,we usually study Chinese, Maths and English.We have our morning break at 9:50am.When the bell rings,I run to the playground with my best friends Tom and Jack.We often play games.Break ends at 10:10 a.m.How short it is!Lunch is from 11:50a.m.to 12:30 p.m.Afternoon classes end at 3:30p.m.Then Tom,Jack and I take part in the school band practice.We make great music together.I always have a good time at school.Protect the Earth The Earth is a beautiful place.There are forests and rivers,mountains and fields.Some places are very hot，and some are very cold。There are many different plants.Some are large.Some are small.All plants need light and water.There are different animals on Earth too.Some live on the land.Some fly in the sky.Some live under the water.There are also many people like you and me on Earth.The Earth provides us with air，water and food.It is our home.Today，there is a lot of pollution.We burn things to make energy.This pollutes the air.We put our rubbish into the sea and under the ground.This pollutes the Earth and kills animals and plants.We must stop doing these things.It is important for us to protect the Earth for our future.The four seasons Spring In spring, the weather starts to get warm.The wind blows gently.It often rains.Plants start to grow.Everything turns green.It is exciting to take a trip in spring.Summer The weather is hot in summer.The Sun shines brightly.Many people like to go to the beach and swim in the sea.It is nice to eat ice cream in the hot weather.Autumn In autumn, everything changes.Leaves turn brown, red or yellow and start falling from the trees.It is nice to go on a picnic at this time of year because the weather is cool and dry.Winter Winter is often cold and snowy.Children love winter because they love to play in the snow.It is interesting to make snowmen.People usually spend time with their relatives during the Spring Festival.A trip to space By Jerry 10 October 2053 I am so happy!Tomorrow I will be one of the first students to travel into space.The spaceship will leave the Earth at 9 a.m.It will take us to the Moon.I can't wait!The Moon is around380000kilometres from the Earth,so it'll take us about four days to get there.There's no gravity in space,so we'll all be able to float around in the spaceship.We'll have to tie ourselves to our beds so that we won't float away in our sleep!Without gravity,our bodies may get weak ,so we'll have to do exercises every day.When we arrive,I'm going to walk on the Moon.I'll have to wear a spacesuit to help me breathe because there's no air on the Moon.I'm going to take as many photos as I can,that is ,if my camera still works up there......Visiting Shanghai
Shanghai is one of the largest cities in the world.If you like sightseeing, you will love it!People’s Square
People’s Square is in the centre of Shanghai.It is a large public area with green grass, fountains and birds.If you visit People’s Square, you can also see famous buildings around it, such as the Shanghai Grand Theatre and the Shanghai Museum.The Bund
The Bund is where old Shanghai meets new Shanghai.If you walk along the Bund, you will see many old buildings.The Pudong New Area, just across the Huangpu River, has many modern buildings.At night, these tall buildings light up the sky in every direction.Yu Garden
Yu Garden is a traditional garden.If you enjoy history and natural beauty, you will love this garden.There are many beautiful buildings, bridges and ponds.You can also buy different snacks just outside the garden.The clubs fair Linda and Leo are new students at Rosie Bridge School.Last month, they attended the Clubs Fair.First, Linda and Leo learnt about the Rocket Club.“Our club will teach you how to build rockets.Then you can launch them into the sky,” a boy said.“Watch!” He took a rocket and launched it.The rocket disappeared into the sky.Linda and Leo were very surprised.“Will it go all the way into space?” Linda asked.“Of course it won’t,” a girl from another club shouted.“Our club is better.Come and join the Solar Power Club.”
“What do you do?” asked Leo.“We make wonderful machines.They only use solar power.Look!”
She took a toy car from the table and then used a remote control to drive it all around the playground.“It uses power from the Sun,” said Linda.“That’s amazing!”
Linda and Leo learnt about many clubs.After the fair, they felt very excited.“I want to join all the clubs,” said Linda.“Me too!” said Leo.Unusual collections Sam and Helen's grandparents collect almost everything.There are eight doorbells on their front door!“This silver doorbell is my favourite,” said Helen.She pushed it and and soon Grandpa opened the door.“Come in,my dear grandson and granddaughter!”he said.“Who started collecting doorbells,Grandpa? ”asked Sam.“Your grandma,” he answered.“She loves doorbells.” “What do you like collecting,Grandpa?” asked Helen.“I like collecting newspapers.” They went inside and saw newspapers everywhere.“Hello children!”called Grandma.“Let's have some tea.” The children followed her into the living room and saw lots of toys there.There was hardly any space for the children to sit down.“Whose toys are these?” asked Helen.“They're ours,” said Grandma.“We both like collecting toys.” “But remember,” said Grandpa,"we have a lot of free time!You have your school work to do,so you shouldn't
第四篇：英语课文翻译
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• 参考译文
第一单元
与自然力量抗争 课文A 就拿拿破仑和希特勒两人来说吧，他们所向披靡，便以为自己战
冰雪卫士
奈拉·B·史密斯
1812年，法国皇帝拿破仑·波拿巴率大军入侵俄罗斯。他准备好俄罗斯人民会为保卫祖国而奋勇抵抗。
他准备好在俄罗斯广袤的国土上要经过长途跋涉才能进军首都莫斯科。但他没有料到在莫斯科他会遭遇劲敌——俄罗斯阴冷凄苦的寒冬。
1941年，纳粹德国元首阿道夫·希特勒进攻当时被称作苏联的俄罗斯。希特勒的军事实力堪称无敌。
他的战争机器扫除了欧洲绝大部分地区的抵抗。希特勒希望速战速决，但是，就像在他之前的拿破仑一样，他得到的是痛苦的教训。仍是俄罗斯的冬天助了苏维埃士兵一臂之力。拿破仑发起的战役
1812年春，拿破仑在俄国边境屯兵60万。这些士兵受过良好训练，作战力强，装备精良。这支军队被称为大军。拿破仑对马到成功充满自信，预言要在5个星期内攻下俄国。
不久，拿破仓的大军渡过涅曼河进入俄国。拿破仑期盼着的速决速胜迟迟没有发生。令他吃惊的是，俄国人并不奋起抵抗。相反．他们一路东撒，沿途焚毁庄稼和民居。大军紧追不舍，但它的长驱直入很快由于粮草运输缓慢而停顿下来。
到了8月，法俄两军在斯摩棱斯克交战，这一战役中，双方各有上万人阵亡。可是俄国人仍能在自己的国土上继续后撤。拿破仑未能取得决定性的胜利。此刻他面临着一个重要抉择。是继续追击俄国军队，还足把军队驻扎在斯摩棱斯克，在那儿度过将到的冬天?
拿破仑孤注一掷，决定向远在448公里之外的莫斯科进发。1 812年9月7日，法俄两军在莫斯科以西112公里外的鲍罗季诺激战，夜幕降临时，3万名法国士兵以及4万4千名俄国士兵或伤或亡，倒在了战场上。
俄国军队再次撤往安全之处。拿破仑顺利进入莫斯科，然而，对该市的占领成为毫无意义的胜利。俄国人弃城而走。法国人进城不久，一场熊熊大火烧毁丁整个城市的三分之二。拿破仑向亚历山大一世提出停战，但沙皇深知他可以等待时机：“且让俄罗斯的严冬为我们战斗吧。”
拿破仑很快意识到，他无法在冬天向远在莫斯科的军队供应粮草、提供御寒衣物和宿营之地。1812年10月，他命令大军撤出莫斯科。
法军的撤离成为一场噩梦。俄国人出没于田野与森林，采用打了就跑的战术，向法国人发起攻击。刚出莫斯科城，气温就降到摄氏零下4度。11月3目降了初雪。困乏的马匹倒地而死。大炮陷入雪中。装备只得被用作燃料焚烧。士兵们染病冻死。法国士兵拖着脚步行进，一路上留下无数死尸。
正当俄罗斯军队集聚兵力之时，法国人却不得不逃离俄国，以避免注定的失败。在别列兹那河，俄国人焚烧了涨水的河道上的桥粱，差点将后撤的法军团于河边。侥幸的是，拿破仑居然突击造起两座桥。成千上万法国士兵得以逃脱，但却损失了5万人。渡过别列兹拿河，溃不成军的幸存者一瘸一拐地向维尔纽行进。
拿破仑发兵60万进入俄国，只有不到10万士兵返回。元气大伤的法国军队在欧洲继续西撤。不久，英国、奥地利、俄国以及普鲁士组成强大的联盟，攻击这些 1 • •
• •
散兵游勇。1814年3月，巴黎被攻占。拿破仑退位去过流放生活，他缔造的帝国随之灭亡。希特勒的入侵
到1941年初，纳粹德国元首阿道夫·希特勒已经控制了欧洲大部分地区。希特勒的德意志帝国的东部与苏联毗邻。1941年6月22曰，希特勒不宣而战，入侵苏联，发动了历史上规模最大的一场陆地战役。希特勒自信能速战速决，预计这一战役不会超过3个月。他计划采用征服了欧洲其余地区的闪电式战略。入侵汁划包含三大目标：向列宁格勒与莫斯科进攻，并横扫乌克兰。
苏联领导人约瑟夫·斯大林被打了个措手不及，他指示全国人民在德国入侵者到来之前实行“焦土”政策。农场和工厂被焚烧毁坏，或被弄得无法运转。在入侵的最初10个星期内，德国人一路东进。俄国人伤亡人数多达一百多万。
在北方，德国人包围了列宁格勒。尽管忍受着极大困苦，列宁格勒的人民绝不投降。列宁格勒保卫战一直持续到冬季，此时该市的处境变得危急。由于食品匮乏．人们死于饥饿与疾病。到了1941年和1942年之间的寒冬，几乎每天有4千人死于饥饿。列宁格勒之围造成近百万人死亡。
在俄国中部，希特勒的目标是占领莫斯科。由于德国人指望速战速决，他们没有准备过冬的补给。IO 月来临，大雨不停。“泥泞将军”拖延了德国人闪电式进攻的行动。
正当希特勒的军队逼近莫斯科时，寒冷的冬季早早地降临苏联，那是多年不遇的严寒。气温降到摄氏零下48度。大雪纷飞。对俄国的严寒冬季毫无思想准备的德国士兵身着单薄的夏装，一个个被冻伤。德国人的坦克掩埋往深深的雪堆中。俄罗斯的冬季阻止了德国人的攻势。
到1942夏天，希特勒又发起两场新的攻势。往南方，德国人占领了塞瓦斯托波尔。希特勒随后向东推进到斯大林格勒，那是沿伏尔加河绵延48公里的一座大工业城市。尽管艰苦卓绝，苏联抵抗者拒绝放弃斯大林格勒。
到1942夏天，希特勒又发起两场新的攻势。往南方，德国人占领了塞瓦斯托波尔。希特勒随后向东推进到斯大林格勒，那是沿伏尔加河绵延48公里的一座大工业城市。尽管艰苦卓绝，苏联抵抗者拒绝放弃斯大林格勒。
1942年11月，俄国人发起了一场反攻。德国军队在斯大林格勒城内外几乎没有挡风避寒的地方，食品和补给的匮乏更使其元气大伤。直到1943年1月德国人才放弃围城。进攻斯大林格勒的30万德国人只剩下9万忍饥挨饿的士兵。斯大林格勒一战的失利最终使希特勒时乖运蹇。部分地由于俄罗斯的冬季，德国人走向失败了。
在1943年与1944年期间，苏联军队将德军阵线往西逼退。在北方，1944年1月15日，红军发起突然袭击，解除了列宁格勒长达3年之久的围困。列宁格勒那些英勇无畏的幸存者看着入侵者在两个早期内全部撤离。到了1944年3月，乌克兰的农村又回到了苏维埃手中。1944年5月9日，塞瓦斯托波尔从德国人手中被解放出来。至此，俄国人向柏林进发。
就希特勒而言，对苏联的入侵成为一场军事灾难。对俄罗斯人民来说，这场入侵带来了无法形容的苦难。苏维埃在第一次世界大战中死亡的人数几乎达到2千3百万。
俄罗斯的冰雪卫士
任何军事行动都必须考虑到自然的因素。拿破仑和希特勒都低估了俄罗斯冬季的严酷。冰雪和极低的气温使两支侵略军付出惨重的代价。对俄罗斯人民而言，严冬是他们的冰雪卫上。• • • • • • • •
• •
• •
• •
第二单元
智能汽车 课文A
能看、能听，有知觉、具嗅觉、会说话的智能汽车?还能自动驾驶?这听起来或许像是在做梦，但计算机革命正致力于把这一切变为现实。
智能汽车
米基奥.卡库
即便是过去70年间基本上没有多少变化的汽车工业，也将感受到计算机革命的影响。
汽车工业是20世纪最赚钱，最有影响力的产业之一。目前世界上有5亿辆车，或者说每 lo人就有l辆车。汽车工业的销售额达一万亿美元左右，从而成为世界上最大的制造业。
汽车及其行驶的道路，将在主2l世纪发生重大变革。未来“智能汽车”的关键在于传感器。我们会见到能看、能听，有知觉，具嗅觉、会说话并能采取行动的车辆与道路，”正在设计未来智能汽车和智能道路的通用汽车公司ITS项目的技术主任比尔·斯普雷扎预言道。
美国每年有大约4万人死于交通事故。在汽车事故中死亡或严重受伤的人数太多，我们已经不屑在报纸上提及。这些死亡的人中至少有半数是酒后开车者造成的，另外许多死亡事故是驾驶员不小心所导致。智能汽车能消除绝大多数这类汽车事故。它能通过会感测空气中的酒精雾气的电子传感器捡测开车者是否喝醉酒，并拒绝启动引擎。这种车还能在遇窃后通报警方，告知车辆的确切地点。
能监控行车过程以及周围行车状况的智能汽车已经建造出来。藏在保险杠里的微型雷达能对周围的汽车作扫描。如果你发生重大行车失误(如变道时有车辆在你“盲点”内)，计算卫星从高空经过时发出能被汽车卜计算机里的接收器辨认的无线电信号。汽车上的计算机就会根据信号传来所花的时间汁算出卫星有多远。由于光速为人熟知，接收卫星信号时的任何时间迟缓都能折算出距离的远近。
在日本，具有某种导航能力的汽车已有一百万辆之多。(有些导航装置通过将方向盘的转动与汽车在地图上的位置并置来测定汽车的方位。)
随着微芯片价格的大幅度下降，未来对全球卫星定位系统的应用几乎是无限的。“制造这一商品的工业定会飞速发展，”生产导航系统的麦哲伦航仪公司的兰迪·霍夫曼说。盲人可以在手杖里装配全球卫星定位系统传感器，飞机可以通过遥控着陆，徒步旅行者可以测定自己在林中的方位——其潜在的应用范围是无止境的。
全球卫星定位系统其实只是叫做“远程信息学”的这一更大行动的一部分，这一行动最终将把智能汽车送上智能高速公路。这种高速公路的样品已经在欧洲问世，加州也在进行试验，在高速公路上安装计算机芯片、传感器和无线电发射机，以便向汽车报告交通拥挤堵塞情况。
在圣迭戈以北10英里的15号州际公路一段8英里长的路面上，交通工程师正在安装一个由麻省理工学院设计的引进“自动司机”系统。这一计划要求计算机在公路上埋设的数千
个3英寸长的磁钉的协助下，在车辆极多的路段完全控制车辆的运行。车辆会编成10辆或12辆一组，车距仅6英尺，在计算机的控制下一齐行驶。
这种计算机化的公路的倡导者对其未来的应用充满希望。到2010年，远程信息• • • • •
• • •
• • •
• • 技术很可能应用于美国的一条主要公路。如果成功的话，到2020年，当微芯片的价格降到一片一美分以下时，远程信息技术就会应用在美国成千上万英里的公路上。这对环保也会很有利，能节省燃油，减轻交通阻塞，减少空气污染污染，还可用作公路扩建的替代办法。
第三单元
求职面试
课文A
自己经营公司的哈维麦凯经常对求职者进行面试。文中他告诉我们关于雇主看重 什幺样品质的秘密，并提出4点建议，帮助你显得比众人突出。
得到你想要的工作
哈维·B·迈克
我经营着一家有350名左右员工的制造公司，我本人常常要对求职者进行面试，决定是否聘用。我喜欢与可能成为营业员的人交谈，因为他们会是我们与顾客联系的纽带。
不久前一个新近毕业的大学生到我办公室谋求一份销售工作。我问他为这次面试做过哪些准备。他说他在什么地方看到过有关本公司的些情况。
他有没有给麦凯信封公司的人打过电话，好了解更多有关我们的情况?没打过。他有没有给我们的供应厂商打过电话?还有我们的客户?都没有。
他可曾在就读的大学里查问过有没有校友在本公司就职，以便向他们了解一些情况’他可曾请朋友向他提问，对他进行模拟面试?可曾去图书馆查找过有关本公司的剪报?
他事先有没有写封信来介绍自己，告诉我们自己为这次面试在做哪些准备，自己何以能胜任此项工作?面试之后他是否打算再写一封信，表明自己加盟本公司的诚意?这封信会不会在面试后的24小时之内送到我们手上，也许甚至是亲自送来?
他对上述每一个问题的回答全都一样：没有。这样我就只剩一个问题要问了：如果此人代表本公司去见可能成为我们客户的人，他准备工作会做得怎样?答案不言自明。在笔者看来，如欲被聘用，应注意四个要诀：
1．准备去赢。“一日不练，自己知道，”音乐家中自这样的说法。“两日不练，音乐评论家
知道。三日不练，观众知道。”
我们在观看世界级音乐家或顶尖运动员的表演时，看到的并不是使他们变成出类拔萃人物的长年苦练。世界上诸如迈克尔-乔丹这样的顶尖人物无疑具有非凡才能，但他们在蓝球场上也是第一个到，最后一个走。同样的苦练适用于人类的各项活动。若想被聘用，就要准 备去赢。
我大学毕业时，我极有可能终身从事同一个工作。当时情况也的确如此。但如今已不再
是一生被聘去做一个工作了。指导就业的专家认为．今天的大学毕业生在他们的生涯中可能
|会经历多达10次的职业变动。
听上去似乎压力不小。然而，如果你作了准备，压力就是别人的——那些没做准备的人。
你不可能得到你想要的每份工作。最好的售货员也不可能每次都成交。迈克尔乔丹投篮
命中率勉强过半。但认真准备一次面试的时间不会多于马马虎虎准各五次面试的时间，而你
成功的可能性要多得多。
2永不中断学习。最近我和一位90高龄的老者搭档打双人网球。我琢磨着那会是什么结局；可我的担心是多余的。我们6：l击败对手。是6：1啊!
j
我们交换场地打第三局时，他对我说“我打反手击球你不介意吧?我向来喜欢多练练自
己的弱点。”好一个永不中断学习的精彩实例。顺便说一下，我们6：l赢 4 •
• • • • • • •
• • • • • •
• • • • • • 了第三局。
走出赛场，我那90高龄的搭档笑着说：“你也许想知道我在85岁以上年龄段的美国网球双打排名第一!”他想的不是年届90，想的甚至也不是85岁高龄。他想的是第一。
如果你努力克服自己的弱点，发挥自己的优势．你同样可以做得那么好。要有能力竞争 就得终生学习。
3．相信自己，那怕没人相信你。还记得那4分钟跑英里的往事吗?几百年来，运动员
们一直试图实现这一目标，最终认定人类的身体无法做到。我们的骨结构不适应，我们的肺活量跟不上。
可是，有个人证明那些专家错了。奇迹中的奇迹是，在罗杰·班尼斯特打破4分钟一
英里的纪录6个星期之后，约翰-兰迪又以几乎快出整整2秒的成绩打破了班尼斯特的纪录。
此后，有大约800多名运动员打破了4分钟一英里的记录。
几年前，我和女儿米米参加了纽约马拉松比赛。发令枪一响．23,000名运动员冲出起跑线——最后有21,244名运动员到达终点。第一名是一位以2小时l1分钟零1秒跑完全程的肯尼亚人。第21,244名运动员是一位越战老兵。他用了3天9小时37分钟跑完全程。没有双腿的他坚持跑完了26．2英里。我和女儿在比赛的最初几分钟内超过了他．当时顿觉勇气倍增，定要跑完全程。
别听旁人说你不能实现自己的目标。谁说你不比你的竞争对手更坚强、更努力、更能干?
要知道，所谓目标就是有最后限期的梦想：写成文字，可测量，可确认，可实现。
4．想方设法显得与众不同。在我看来，纽约大多数的出租车司机即使不算无礼透顶．至
少也是不友好的。车辆大都十分肮脏，几乎所有的车都触目地装有难以穿透的防弹隔离装置。
可近日我在拉瓜迪亚机场跳上了一辆出租车，你猜怎么样?车子竟然干干净净。放着优美的音乐，而且没有隔离装置。
“请到帕克街酒店，”我对司机说。他笑容满面地说：“你好，我叫沃利，”他说着递给我一份保证书。一份保证书!上面写着他将安全、札貌、准时地将我送到目的地。
车开后，他拿出几份报纸说：“请随意翻阅。”他还让我随意品尝后座篮子里的水果。接着他又拿出手机说：“您要是想打电话，每分钟1美元。”
我大吃一惊，脱口问道：“你这么做有多久了?”他回答说：“有三、四年了。”
“我知道不该问，”我说，“可是，你能多挣多少小费?”
“一年12．000到14，000美元左右，”他得意地回答说。
他不知道他成了我心目中的英雄。他就是一个生动的例证，说明你总是可以争取到成功的机会。
我的良师益友柯特·卡尔森是明尼苏达州的首富，拥有一家酒店和旅行社，营业收入约达90亿美元。一次我要去纽约赴会，柯特慷慨地请我乘坐他的私人飞机。碰巧那天明尼苏达州遭受多年不遇的暴风雪袭击。明尼阿波利斯·圣保罗国际机场几十年来第一次关闭。
• • •
虽然暴风雪仍在肆虐，机场还是特地为小型飞机清出了一条跑道。我们正在跑道上滑行准各起飞时，柯特转过头来兴奋地说：“看哪，哈维，雪地上没有痕迹啊!”
柯特·卡尔森，当时年届70，富甲一方，竟然还会因为自己是第一个而如此兴奋。
在我看来，这些正是关键之所在，准备去赢。永不中断学习。相信自己，哪怕没人相信你。想方设法显得与众不同。然后就出发，在雪地上留下你自己的足迹。
第五篇：英语课文翻译
Unit 5PA奉告学子：教育是关键
比尔·盖茨
每年都有数以百计的学生给我发电子邮件，要我就接受教育给他们提建议。他们想知道该学些什么，或者可不可以从大学辍学，因为我就没有读完大学。
也有不少家长给我写信，为子女寻求指导。他们问：“我们怎样才能把孩子引向成功之路？”
我的基本忠告很简单，而且是发自内心的：全力获得最佳教育，充分利用高中和大学，学会如何学习。不错，为创建微软，我未完成大学学业，不过辍学之前我已经在哈佛呆了三年，而且我真心希望有一天能重返校园。以前我也说过，谁也不应该辍学，除非他坚信自己正面临着一个一生仅有一次的机会，但就算在那个时候也还是应该深思熟虑。
Unit 6PA永不放弃
人们劝他引退，说他天分不够，但是花样滑冰选手保罗·怀利拒绝放弃。
1992年冬奥会闭幕后，保罗·怀利抵达华盛顿。走下飞机时，欢迎的人群开始鼓掌。他差点停下了脚步。谁在后面呀？他心里嘀咕。虽说有银牌在囊中，他怎么也不敢相信这掌声是献给他的。从那一刻起，保罗意识到自己的生活从此永远地改变了。
这位27岁的花样滑冰运动员在法国的阿尔贝维尔获得了银牌，从此走向全新的生活。1988年的卡尔加里冬奥会上，他表现平平，只得了第10名，可如今他再也不是在大型赛事中举止失措的无名小卒了；1991年的世界锦标赛上，保罗比赛完后，裁判建议他退出冰坛，“给年轻选手让位”，如今再也听不到这样的建议了。
Unit 7PA父亲的教诲
三位成功人士讲述父亲怎样塑造我们的人生。
瑞贝卡·洛伯：充满爱心
自小我就知道，父亲和母亲深深相爱。只要单独出门，他们总会吻别，我们兄妹几个觉得挺肉麻的，可结婚时，我却满心希望所找到的这个人，能像父亲爱母亲那样爱着我。在我家，爱无处不在，我成长的过程很有安全感，真是妙不可言。
我上大学时，母亲在与乳腺癌作斗争。父亲自己忧心忡忡，却是我们的精神支柱，对母亲而言尤其如此。做了乳房切除术之后，母亲决定不接受乳房再造术，以免再受手术之苦，母亲告诉我，在他们一起走过的日子里，父亲甚至不曾叫她改变发型。相反，他总是对她说，她是多么的美丽动人。正因为这样，与癌症作斗争，对她而言，倒也并不是多么可怕的事。她深知，不管发生什么事，父亲和他的爱总是会和她在一起。
注：瑞贝卡·洛伯曾当选全美“大学最佳球员”，曾是美国女子职业篮球协会的纽约自由女神队球员。
理查德·布兰森：鼓励
我和几个姐妹在英格兰的一个小村庄长大。父亲是个律师，为了生计而奔波，我却一直就认为他与众不同。他从不指责我们，只是表扬，把我们的长处发挥出来。他会说：“给花浇水，花就会茂盛；不浇水，花就会死。”
我还记得我小的时候，说了别人几句不好听的话，父亲便说，“说别人的坏话，反映的是你自身的品质。”他还解释说，看到旁人的长处，别人也会看我的长处。我在经营公司时，一直尽量遵循这个原则。父亲还一向通情达理。15岁那年，我办了一本杂志，花了大量的时间，校长让我自己作决定：要么继续学业，要么辍学去办杂志。
约翰·路易斯：希望
小时候，我住在阿拉巴马州的特洛伊，我经常抱怨每天要起很早去农场干活。一天，父亲把我拉到一边说：“孩子，我们这么做，也是为了日子好过呀。坚持一下，情况总会好起来的。”
父亲生性乐观，对未来满怀希望，这种态度对我有潜移默化的影响。他还教导我们说，我们不能只顾自己，还应该关心别人。
在我看来，父亲总是在奉献，在分享。我们自己条件也不宽裕，没有很多可供奉献或分享，但父亲坚信，一切都会好的，即使在极其艰难的条件下也会如此。当年阿拉巴马有许多事情令人可怕：种族隔离很厉害；我们用的喷泉式饮水器上面标着“黑人使用”字样；上街时我们只能走街道的一边。但他挺过了这一切，没有怨，没有怒，没有憎。
Unit 8PA你是最薄弱的环节，再见
还记得美好的往日时光吗？在那样的纯真年代，我们共享文档和可执行文件，根本没有半点顾虑。不错，每隔一个月左右你可能会碰到一个引导扇区病毒，不过这些很容易对付，就算杀毒软件没有把它查出来也不要紧。
那些长长的夏日，悠闲自得，可惜消逝得太快。宏病毒使IT管理者们迅速成长起来，他们意识到有的病毒能迅速扩散到整个机构。一家公司里的数百台计算机感染了通过电子邮件附件传播的病毒，也是十分平常的事。公司各部门中身体最好的当属IT员工，因为他们奔走于各台计算机之间，清理病毒。
防病毒得想个更好的办法才行。各家公司现在都意识到病毒并不是“现代神话”，而确实会严重影响到公司的运作。他们投资杀毒软件，安装在计算机、服务器以及电子邮件网关上，甚至还采取措施确保使用最新的检查程序，随时更新杀毒软件。
听起来好像各公司已经采取了充分的措施防范病毒。可事实真的如此吗？
点击咨询 