第一篇:初三 英语1至5单元重点知识总结
Unit 1 复习要点
一、短语。
1.by making flashcards 通过做单词抽认卡 2.ask„for help 向某人求助 3.read aloud 朗读 4.that way(=in that way)通过那种方式 5.improve my speaking skills 提高我的会话技巧6.for example 例如 7.have fun doing sth 玩得高兴 8.have conversations with friends 与朋友对话 9.get excited about为„高兴,激动11.do a survey about„ 做有关„的调查 10.end up speaking in Chinese 以说汉语结束对话 12.keep an English notebook 记英语笔记
13.spoken English(= oral English)英语口语 14.make mistakes in sth 在„ 犯错误
15.get the pronunciation right 使发音准确 16.practise speaking English练习说英语
17.first of all 首先 18.begin with 以„开始 19.later on 随后 20.in class 在课堂上 21.laugh at 嘲笑 22.take notes 记笔记
23.enjoy doing 喜欢干„ 24.write down 写下,记下
25.look up(v + adv)查找,查询 26.native speakers 说本族话的人27.make up 编造,虚构,化妆,打扮 28.around the world 全世界
29.deal with对待,处理,解决30.worry about(be worried about)担心,担忧 31.be angry with 生某人的气32.stay angry 生气 33.go by 消逝 34.regard„as„ 把„当做„35.complain about/of 抱怨
36.with the help of 在„的帮助下 37.compare„to(with)„ 把„和„作比较 38.think of(think about)想起,想到 41.not„at all 根本不,全然不 39.physical problems 身体上的问题 40.break off 中断,突然终止
42.make complete sentences 做完整的句子
43.join 加入某团体 并成为其中一员; join in与take part in指参加到某项活动中去。
44.be afraid of 害怕be afraid to 害怕
45.have trouble in doing sth 做..有困难 46.study for a te 为考试用功 47.make vocabulary lists 做单词表 48.too „to„太„而以致于不能做 49.watch English-language TV 看英语电视
50.to begin with首先51.take a lot of grammar notes 记大量的语法笔记 52.look up the words in a dictionary 查字(词)典
53.this kind of paper 这种纸 54.spend „on „ 在„上花费(时间、金钱)55.speak English as a second language 把英语当做第二语言来说
56.give up 放弃 57.in the future 在将来
二、句型。
1.How do you study for a test? 你怎样为考试做准备?
2.I have learned a lot that way.用那种方法,我已经学到了很多东西。3.It’s too hard to understand the voice.听懂那些声音太难了。
4.Memorizing the words of pop songs also helped a little.记流行歌曲的词也起作用。
5.Wei Ming feels differently.卫明有不同的感受。
6.He finds watching movies frustrating.他觉得看电影让人感到沮丧.7.She added that having conversations with friends was not helpful at all.她又说和朋友对话根本没用。
8.I don’t have a partner to practice English with.我没有搭档一起练习英语。
9.Later on, I realized that it doesn’t matter if you don’t understand every word.随后,我认识到听不懂每个词并没有关系。
10.It’s amazing how much this helped.我惊异于这些方法竟如此有用。11.My teacher is very impressed.给老师留下了深刻的印象。
12.She had trouble making complete sentences.她很难造出完整的句子。13.What do you think you are doing? 你在做什么?
14.Most people speak English as a second language.英语对于大多数人来说是第二语言。
15.How do we deal with our problem? 我们怎样处理我们的问题?
16.It is our duty to try our best to deal with each challenge in our education with the help of our teachers.在老师的帮助下尽我们最大的努力来应对挑战是我们的责任。2.动名词
(1)作主语(谓语为第三人称单数)
Memorizing the words of pop songs also helps a little.记流行歌曲的词也起作用。
Swimming is good for our health.Unit 2复习要点
一、短语。
1.used to 过去常常 2.be afraid of 害怕„ 3.over here 在这 4.be interested in 对„感兴趣
5.on the swim team 游泳队的队员.6.be terrified of 惧怕„ 7.go to sleep 入睡 8.all the time 一直
9.chat with„ 和„聊天 10.stressed out 感到紧张
11.cause trouble/problems 惹麻烦 12.pay for 付款
13.look after 照顾 14.do sth.as well as sb.can 尽可能好地„ 15.gym class 体操课 16.in the end 最终
17.make a decision 下决心 18.head teacher 班主任
19.talk with 和„谈论 20.to one’s surprise 令某人吃惊的是
21.even though 尽管22.no longer=not„ any longer 不再
23.take pride in 对„感到自豪 24.pay attention to 对„注意 25.give up doing 放弃做„26.change one’s mind 改变某人的主意 27.with the lights on 开着灯„.28.chew gum a lot 经常咀嚼口香糖 29.spend time doing 花时间做„30.take sb.to concerts 带某人去音乐会 31.daily life 日常生活 32.afford to do负担得起
33.a seven-year-old boy 一个七岁大的男孩子34.be alone 单独
35.no more=not„ any more 不再 36.get into trouble 遇到麻烦 37.get into trouble with 和„引起冲突.38.worry about 担心
39.walk to school = go to school on foot 步行去上学
40.take the bus to school = go to school by bus 坐公车去上学 41.go right home直接回家 42.waste time 浪费时间
43.play the piano 弹钢琴 44.speak in front of a group 在人群面前讲话
45.in the last few years 在过去的几年里 46.send messages 发信息
47.be able to 能够 48.be made up of „ 由„„组成的49.sound like „听起来像 50.instead of 代替„„
二、句型。
1.I used to be afraid of the dark.我以前害怕黑暗.2.I go to sleep with my bedroom light on.我开着卧室的灯睡觉.3.I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends.以前我常常花很多时间和我的朋友们玩游戏.4.I hardly ever have time for concerts.我几乎没有时间去听音乐会.5.My life has changed a lot in the last few years.在过去的几年里我的生活变化很大.6.It will make you stressed out.那会使你紧张的.7.It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot.玉梅似乎变化很大.Unit 3 复习要点
一、短语。
1.should be allowed to(do)应该被允许(做)„ 2.sixteen-year-olds 16岁的青少年
3.have part-time jobs 做兼职工作 4.get one’s ears pierced 扎耳洞 5.not serious enough 不够认真 6.stop doing sth 停止做某事 7.need to do sth 需要做某事 8.instead of(doing sth)代替、不是 9.on school nights/Friday nights/Saturday afternoons 在上学日子里的晚上/星期五晚上/星期六下午
10.by 10:00 am 上午10点前 11.stay up 熬夜 12.clean up 清扫干净 13.fail a test 测试不及格
14.take the test 参加考试 15.pass the test 通过考试
16.be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 17.be strict in sth对某事要求严格 18.the other day 前几天 19.talk about 谈论
20.concentrate on„ 集中精力于„„ 21.be good for 对„有好处 22.be good to 对„好 23.be good at 擅长于„„ 24.a good idea/way to do sth.做„的好方法
25.learn from 向„学习/从„学到„„
26.at present = now = right now 目前、现在 27.would(’d)like to do 想要、希望„„
28.have an opportunity to do sth.有机会做某事 29.have a chance to do /of doing sth.有机会做某事 30.look good/nice on sb.穿在某人身上好看 31.at least 至少 <—> at most 至多
32.have /get +时间+off 休息多长时间 33.reply to 回答、答复 34.get in the way 妨碍 35.as much as 和„„一样多
36.be serious about 对„„认真 37.care about 关心、关怀
38.achieve/realize one’s dream 实现梦想 39.spend on sth / in(doing)sth 花费„
40.an English-English dictionary英语词典 41.old people’s home 敬老院
42.stop wearing that silly earring 停止戴那种傻的耳坠
43.choose my own clothes 挑选我自己的衣服 44.take time to do sth.花时间做某事
45.learn a lot from each other 相互学到很多知识 46.feel sleepy 感到困倦
47.chat online with friends 网上和朋友聊天 48.in fact 事实上
二、句型。
1.I think students should be allowed to go out with their friends.我认为应该允许学生们跟朋友一起外出。
I agree./ I disagree.我同意。/ 我不同意。
2.Do you think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to work at night? 你认为应该允许16岁的青年人在晚上工作吗? Yes, I do./ No, I don’t.3.I don’t think teenagers should be allowed to drive.我认为不应该允许16岁的青少年驾车。
4.I have to stay at home on school nights.在上学的日子里,我晚上必须呆在家。5.I’m allowed to go shopping with my friends.允许我和朋友一起去购物。6.We have a lot of rules at my house.So do we.我们家有很多家规我们家也有。
7.Do you ever get to class late? 你曾经上学迟到吗?
8.Peter should be allowed to take the test later.应该允许彼得晚些参加考试。
9.My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school.我和朋友们谈论我们学校的规定。
10.What school rules do you think should be changed? 你认为应改变哪些学校规定?
11.Sometimes these hobbies can get in the way of schoolwork.有时这些爱好会妨碍学习。
12.I’m serious about running.但我对跑步极感兴趣。/ 热衷于跑步。13.I know this might seem strict.我知道这似乎太严格。
14.Teenagers often think they should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much as they want.青少年通常认为应该允许他们对业余爱好想练多长时间就练多长时间。
三、语法。
1、学习含有情态动词的被动语态句型:can/may/must/should/would be + 动词过去分词重点掌握 should(not)+be allowed to 的用法。
2、allow句型
(1)allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
e.g.We do not allow people to smoke in the hall.(2)allow doing 允许做某事
(3)be allowed to do 被允许做某事
(4)should be allowed to do 应该被允许做某事
Unit 4 复习要点
一、短语。
1.a million dollars 一百万美元 2.buy snacks 买零食 3.three hundred / thousand / million / billion 三百/千/百万/十亿 4.hundreds / thousands / millions / billions of 数以百/千/百万/十亿计
5.give the money to charity 把钱捐献给慈善机构 6.put the money to the bank存钱
7.medical research 医疗研究8.add„to„ 添加„到„ 9.be nervous 紧张 10.be late for 迟到
11.at the party 在晚会上 12.wear a shirt and tie穿衬衣打领带 13.what if „ 即使„又会怎么样呢?14.get / be nervous 紧张 15.get pimples 起鸡皮疙瘩/长青春痘 16.take a big exam 参加大考 17.too„to„ 太„以致不能 18.take a long walk 散一大段步 19.help you relax 帮你放松 20.let me have one 让我有一个
21.speak in public在公共场合讲话 22.hardly ever 几乎不曾 23.give a speech 作演讲 24.without permission 未经允许
25.with one’s permission在某人许可的情况下 26.ask sb.to be in a movie邀请某人拍电影
27.introduce oneself 自我介绍 28.not „in the slightest 一点也不
29.plenty of 许多„,足够的„ 30.the company of „ „„的陪伴
31.be easy to get along with 容易相处 32.would rather„than„宁愿„也不愿„ 33.English speech contest 英语演讲比赛
34.represent the class 代表班级
35.let sb.down 使某人失望 36.come up with 提出、想出 37.the rest of students 其余的学生 38.be faced with 面临、面对 39.have experience(in)doing sth.在做某事方面有经验
40.deal with 对付、应付、处理 41.come out 出来、出版、开花 42.by accident 偶然地、无意之中 43.cover with 用„覆盖住 44.go downstairs / upstairs 下/上楼 45.get hur受伤
46.refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事 47.hide sth.from.sb.把某事瞒着某人
二、句型。
1.What would you do if you had a million dollars? 如果你有一百万美元,你会怎么做呢?
2.I’m too tired to do well.我太累了不能做好。
3.If I were you, I’d talk to someone who looks friendly.如果我是你,我将和看起来友好的人讲话。
4.I really want a dog, but my parents won’t let me have one.我真的想要一只狗,但我的父母不允许我养。
5.You like talking to one or two people rather than to a group.你喜欢和一个或两个人交谈,而不是一群人。
6.You must always hide medicine from children.你必须把药藏到小孩子们看不到的地方。
三、语法。虚拟语气
构成: 主句:主语+would/should/could/might+动词原形
从句:if+主语+动词过去式(be动词一律用were)+其它
用法: A.表示与事实相反的假设
B.表示不可能实现的事情
C.用于提建议
Unit 5复习要点
一、短语。
1.belong to 属于 2.must be 一定,准是
3.listen to music 听音乐 4.classical music 古典音乐 5.hair band 发带(头绳)6.play the guitar 弹吉他 7.in the hall 在大厅 8.because of 因为„„ 9.chase after sb.追赶某人 10.extremely worried 极其(非常)烦恼 11.call the police 报警 12.something strange 奇怪的东西 13.in the neighborhood 附近的 14.no more /no longer 不再 15.escape from 从„„逃跑 16.in an ocean of 极多的,用不尽的 17.pretend to do sth.假装做某事 18.use up 用完,用尽
19.attempt to do sth.试图做某事 20.wake up 醒来,弄醒 21.much too small 太小 22.be careful of 当心„„
二、句型。
1.---Whose book is this ? 这是谁的书?
---It must be Mary’s.Hemingway is her favorite author.肯定是玛丽的。海明威是她最喜欢的作家。
2.If you have any idea where it might be , please call me.如果你知道它可能在什么地方,请给我打电话。
3.He could be running for exercise.他可能在跑步锻炼。
4.There must be something visiting the homes in our neighborhood.有某个东西在侵袭我们附近的房子。
5.Maybe it means you’re afraid of too much homework!也许它的意思是你害怕太多作业。
6.It is less of a problem to be poor than to be dishonest.贫穷比不诚实问题要小。
7.You can’t wake a person who is pretending to be asleep.你叫不醒一个假装睡觉的人。
8.Studying all night is OK.学一整晚就行。
9.I used to think I would not get taller.过去我常常认为我不会长高了。10.It might be a man riding a horse.他可能是一个正骑马的人。
三、语法。
1.在英语中,表示对某件事的确定程度,即表示推测的时候,我们通常用以下情态动词:must , might , could , may , can’t , couldn’t。
1)当你不确认某件事情是否是真实的,表示“可能”、“或许”的意思时,可以用 could , might , may 来表示。may的可能性稍大些。在回答带有may 的一般疑问句时,肯定回答用may,否定回答用 can’t;在回答带有could 的一般疑问句时,肯定回答用could,否定回答用 can’t。
eg: Jack could speak French.杰克可能会讲法语。John might know her.约翰也许认识她。She may be in hospital.她可能住院了。---May I come in ? 我可以进来吗?
---Yes,you may./No, you can’t.是的,可以。/ 不,不可以。---Could I use your book ? 我可以用你的书吗?
---Yes, you could./ No, you can’t.是的,可以。/ 不,不可以。2)如果你非常确信某事是真的,就用 must。“一定是”、“肯定是”。
注意:must 只有在肯定句中才表示判断。在否定句和疑问句中,要用can’t 和 can。must 可用来表示我们对某事确有把握。另外,在回答带有must 的一般疑问句时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用 don’t have to或 needn’t,表示“不必”。
eg: She must be in the office.She can’t be out.她一定在办公室里,不会出去的。
His new car must have cost around £20,000.他的新车一定值大约两万英磅。
---Must I go now ? 我必须现在去吗?---Yes ,you must.是的。
---No, you needn’t./No, you don’t have to.不,不必要。3)表示否定的推测时,一般用can’t和couldn’t。can’t、couldn’t表示非常的不可能,可能性极小。
eg:That’s impossible!It couldn’t belong to Tom.It’s mine.那是不可能的!它不能属于汤姆,它是我的。
I saw her just a few minutes ago.She can’t be there.刚刚几分钟前我看见她了。她不会在那儿的。
2.whose引导的特使疑问句,回答可用名词所有格、名词性物主代词或形容物主代词+名词。
eg: 1)---Whose notebooks are these 这些是谁的笔记本。---They are my classmates’.这些是我同学的。2)---Whose is that pen 那支钢笔是谁的?
第二篇:新目标英语九年级1至5单元短语小结
新目标英语九年级1至5单元短语小结
1.not at all根本不 2.end up结束 3.later on以后
4.be afraid to do…害怕去做 5.laugh at取笑 6.take notes做笔记
7.look up查阅 8.make up组成 9.deal with处理
10.be angry with对...感到生气 11.go by消逝
12.try one’s best尽力做...13.break off突然中止 14.used to过去经常
15.be intesested in对...感兴趣 16.be terrified of害怕...17.go to sleep入睡 18.in the end最后
19.make a decision下决心 20.head teacher班主任
21.to one’s surprise令人惊奇的是...22.even though即使 23.no longer不再
24.take pride in对...感到自豪 25.pay attention to对...注意 26.give up放弃
27.not…any more不再,已不 28.instead of代替,而不是 29.stay up熬夜
30.concentrate on专心于 31.at present目前
32.old people’s home养老院 33.get in the way妨碍 34.care about关心
35.what if如果...将会怎样 36.in the slightest一点也 37.plenty of足够的
38.get along with与...相处 39.let…down使...失望或沮丧 40.come up with提出,想出 41.come ou出版发表 42.belong to属于 43.hair band发带 44.use up用光,用光 45.turn off关掉
第三篇:人教版八年级上册英语第八单元重点知识总结
Unit 8 1.Words Milk shake
blender spoon oven plate pot yogurt honey watermelon salt sugar sandwich cheese turkey butter pepper peel pour add mix fill cover finally corn machine dig piece tradition autumn traveler England celebrate serve temperature 重点讲解:
1)shake
vt.动摇;摇动;震动vi.动摇;摇动;发抖n.奶昔
milk shake Eg:握手:
They shook and greeted with each other.他们握了握手,互致问候。
(说话)结结巴巴,吞吞吐吐,(声音)颤抖: Her voice shook with emotion.她的声音因激动而颤抖。使震惊,令„感到震撼:
The experience shook him badly.这次经历令他大为震惊。<拓>短语
shake off 摆脱;抖落
shake hands with 与„„握手
milk shake 奶昔(牛奶和冰淇淋等的混合饮料)
2)Pour n.倾泻;流出;骤雨vt.灌,注;倒;倾泻;倾吐vi.倾泻;斟茶 Eg:使流,灌;倒;注;
Mother poured sugar out of a bag into a pot.母亲把糖从袋中倒入罐内。
喷散(液体、粉、粒、光线等);流(血等);倾注;源源不断地输送: The Yangtze River pours itself into the sea.长江流入大海。不断流出;泻;流:
Sweat poured down from her face.汗珠不断地从她的脸上流下。下倾盆大雨:
Wear your boots and take an umbrella;it's pouring out.穿上你的靴子,再带把雨伞,外面正下着大雨呢!<拓>短语
pour out v.倾吐;诉说 pour into 川流不息地涌入
pouring rain 瓢泼大雨;倾盆大雨 pour in 大量地涌入,倾倒;蜂拥而来
3)Add vi.加;增加;加起来;做加法vt.增加,添加;补充说;计算„总和 Eg:加上,增加,添加;附加;掺加(to): She added sugar to her tea.她在茶里加了糖。
附带说明,进一步(或进而,接着,补充)说(或写),附言,再言: He added philosophically.他富于哲理地补充说。
把„加起来,合算;合计,加,计算„的总和,总共,共得(常与 up 连用): If you add 5 to 5, you get 10.5加5得10。
把„包括在内,加进,插入(常与 in 连用): Don't forget to add in the tip.别忘了把小费也算上。扩大;扩建;增加(to):
The palace had been added to from time to time.这座宫殿曾一再扩建。<拓>短语
add up v.合计
add in 添加;把„包括在内 add on 插入;另外加上去
4)Dig vt.挖,掘;探究vi.挖掘
Eg:(如用铲或其他工具或用手、爪、动物的口、鼻部等)掘,挖掘;掘地;采掘;发掘: I dug with a spade.
They were digging in the tunnel the whole day.他们整天在隧道里挖掘。
If those moles carry on digging,there will soon be no grass left.如果那些鼹鼠继续掘地,很快将没有草留下。(伸手至深处)挖掘似的掏,摸索: He dug for coins in his pocket.他伸手到衣袋里摸硬币。
He dug into the bag and pulled out a loaf of bread.他把手伸进包里掏出一块面包。
掘进,挖进,挖入,开凿(隧道等);掘进似的费劲前进(through,into,under): They dug through the mountain to build a tunnel.他们掘穿大山筑一条隧道。<拓>短语
dig out 掘出;发现
dig deep ◎挖深 , ◎[美国英语]掏出来;交出来(指财物), ◎[美国俚语]付出很高的价钱
dig up 挖出;掘起;开垦;发现
dig in 掘土以掺进;掘土把„埋起来;[口]开始认真工作;[军]掘壕固守 dig into v.钻研;掘进去
5)Piece n.块;件;篇;硬币vt.修补;接合;凑合 Eg:She ripped a piece of cloth in two.她把一块布撕成两块。
Two suits can be cut out of this piece of material.这块料子可以裁两套衣服。<拓>短语
a piece of 一片,一块 one piece adj.整体的,单片的 , n.上下身相连的衣服 a piece of paper 一张纸
6)Celebrate vt.庆祝;举行;赞美;祝贺;宣告vi.庆祝;过节 Eg:公开举行(宗教仪式等);主持(弥撒等): The priest celebrated High Mass in church.神父在教堂中举行大弥撒。庆祝(或纪念),欢庆:
The Chinese people celebrated the golden jubilee of the founding of their People's Republic on October 1st,1999.中国人民在1999年10月1日欢庆人民共和国建立50周年。We had a tea party to celebrate our headmaster's silver wedding.我们为庆祝校长的银婚举行了一次茶会。歌颂,赞美:
His heroic deeds were celebrated in all the newspapers.他的英雄事迹受到所有报纸的赞扬。
celebrate with 庆祝
celebration n 庆祝
7)Mix vt.混淆;使混和;使结交vi.相混合;交往n.混合;混合物;混乱 Eg:使混合;掺和,拌和: I'm mixing a cake.我在拌和配料做蛋糕。
The painter was busy mixing his colours.画家在忙着调颜色。和入,掺进(in,into): to mix water into the flour 面粉里和入水
拌成;调制(酒类等);配制: His wife mixed him a hot drink.他妻子为他调制了一杯热饮。把„结合起来,使同时进行:
Many women successfully mix marriage and career.许多女人能成功地将婚姻和事业结合起来。<拓>短语
mix with 和„混合 mix in 混合;相处
8)Fill vt.装满,使充满;满足;堵塞;任职vi.被充满,膨胀 Eg:填满,盛满,塞满,注满,充满: to fill the tub for a bath 把浴盆注满水洗澡 to fill one's life with joy 使生活充满欢乐
(几乎)全部占据,占满,挤满,坐满,住满: The crowd filled the room.人群挤满了房间。使遍及;弥漫;渗透: Smoke filled the room.烟雾弥漫着整个房间。<拓>短语
fill in 填写;填充;替代 fill out 填写;变丰满,变大 fill up 填补;装满;堵塞 fill with 装满,充满 fill in the blanks 填空
9)Cover vt.包括;采访,报导;涉及
n.封面,封皮;盖子;掩蔽物;幌子,借口vi.覆盖;代替 Eg:盖,覆盖,遮盖:
She covered her face with her hands.她用双手蒙住她的脸。
穿(衣),戴(帽),盖上(被子等):
She covered the baby up with a blanket.她用毯子把婴儿盖好。
使(自己)蒙受(耻辱等);给(自己)带来(荣誉等);得到,获得: He covered himself with honors at college.他在学院里获得多种荣誉。<拓>短语
under cover 隐藏着;秘密地 cover up 掩盖,盖住 cover for 代替 cover with 覆盖
10)Serve vt.招待,供应;为„服务;对„有用;可作„用 vi.服役,服务;适合,足够;发球;招待,侍候 Eg:帮佣,作仆人:
to serve in the duke's house 在公爵家当仆人 供职,服务;工作: to serve under somebody 在某人手下供职 服役;当兵:
to serve in the Army 在陆军服役
侍候进餐;上菜;上饮料: to serve at table No.two 侍候二号桌的客人用餐 作„的仆人;给„干活: to serve the landlord 为地主干活
为„服务;为„尽职责: to serve the Empire 为帝国尽职 侍奉(上帝、君王等): to serve the king 侍奉国王
在„处服兵役;为„执勤: to serve a year in the Air Force 在空军服役一年 <拓>短语
serve as 担任„,充当„;起„的作用 serve for 充当;被用作;起„的作用
serve the people 为人民服务
serve under someone 在某人部下服役,在某人麾下
2.Phrases 1)turn on v.打开;发动;取决于;使兴奋;攻击
Eg:拧开,旋开,打开(水源、煤气、电源等);打开(水龙头等);拧开(电器): He turned on the light after he went inside.他走进去以后把灯打开了。Please turn on the radio.请把收音机打开。
突然(或无意识地)表现出;突然装出: The girl turned on the charm.女孩一下子露出迷人的样子。
She turned on a bright smile to fool her friends.她露出爽朗的笑容来哄骗她的朋友。<拓> turn down 关闭 2)Cut up vt.切碎
Eg:She cut up the carrots and put them in the pot.她把胡萝卜切碎放入锅中。<辨> cut down 1.削减
He tried to cut down on smoking but failed.他试图少抽烟,但没成功.2.缩短
Cut down the article so as to make it fit the space available on the paper.把文章缩短一些,这样就能排进报纸有限的版面中.3.砍倒 cut up 1.切开;切碎
Cut up the carrots before you put them into the pot.把胡萝卜切碎后再放进锅内.2.抨击
The article was severely cut up by some critics.那篇文章曾受到一些评论家严厉的抨击.cut off 1.切除
He had a finger cut off by a machine while working.他在工作时被机器切掉了一个手指.2.切断;中断
I was cut off on my line to London.我打伦敦长途时,电话线被切断了.3.使死亡
He was cut off in his prime.他在壮年时过世.3)Put...in 提出,提交;放入;种植;使就职
Eg:开进(港口、码头等);(船、全体船员等)靠岸(或入港);进入(旅店等小憩): The boat put in at Shanghai for repairs.那艘船进了上海港进行检修。作短时间停留,停留一下:
Shall we put in at the bar for a drink? 我们在那家酒吧停下来喝一杯好吗? 插(话等);替人说(好话):
Could I put in a word at this point? 我现在说几句行吗? 插入;加入;使进入;加进;把„放进;伸进:
You need to put in a comma here.Otherwise it is not clear in meaning.你需在此加一个逗号,否则意思不清楚。安装,安置:
We put new central heating in when we moved here.我们搬到这儿的时候安装了集中供暖设备。
<辨>put into一般表示动作,而put in一般表示状态
He quickly put the money into his pocket.(他快速把钱放到口袋,是动作)He put the money in his pocket.(他把钱放在口袋,是状态)4)Fill...with 装满,充满
Eg:(使)装满;(使)盛满;(使)充满: He filled the bottle with wine.他用酒装满了那只瓶子。使(某人)充满(某种情感等): His heart is filled with hope.他满怀希望。<辨>full;fill full是形容词;fill是动词.full,fill二者均与“满”有关.full是形容词,意思是“满的”,与of组成be full of短语.fill做动词,意思是“装满”,与with组成be filled with,表示“用„„把„„装满”.3.Grammar 1)可数名词和不可数名词
英语中的名词按其表示的事物性质的不同可分为可数名词与不可数名词。这两种名词在用法上是有区别的,现归纳如下:
一、可数名词有单数、复数之分,如:map→maps;onion→onions;baker→bakers
不可数名词没有复数形式,只有单数形式。如:some water;a lot of bread
二、单数可数名词表示泛指时,前面要用不定冠词a(an);而不可数名词不能用a(an)。Eg: Li Hong is a driver.I am a teacher.李红是一名司机,我是一名教师。
We can’t see milk on the table.我们看不见桌上有牛奶。
在表示特指时,不可数名词和可数名词前都要用定冠词the,Pass me the ball,please.请把球传给我。
The chicken on the plate is yours.盘子里的鸡肉是你的。
三、可数名词表示复数意义时可用many等词修饰。如:many apples;a lot of tomatoes;a few pens
不可数名词则要用much、a little等词修饰。
much meat;a little bread;little water
这两类名词都可以被some、any、a lot of(lost of)等修饰。
如:some eggs/paper(纸)。
A lot of(lots of)knives/orange juice
四、可数名词前通常可用具体的数词来修饰。如:three women ten babies
不可数名词表示数量的多少时,必须与表示数量的名词连用,即“数词+表示数量的名词(可数名词)+of+不可数名词”。
two glasses of milk 两杯牛奶
five pieces of bread 五片面包
五、可数名词作主语时,谓语动词的单、复数与主语的单、复数须保持一致。不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词只能用单数形式。
There is some rice in the bowl.碗里有些米饭。
All the students are in the classroom.所有的学生都在教室里。
如果不可数名词前有复数名词短语修饰时,谓语动词须用复数形式。如:There are two bags of rice in the room.房间里有两袋大米。
六、对可数名词的数量提问用how many;对不可数名词的数量提问要用how much,但对不可数名词前表示数量名词中的修饰语提问时要用how many。
I can see two pictures on the wall.→ How many pictures can you see on the wall?
There is a lot of pork in the basket.→ How much pork is there in the basket?
I want three glasses of water.→ How many glasses of water do you want?
2)顺序词
首先first,at first,to begin with,first of all,firstly 接着secondly,then,besides,what's more,in addition,thirdly,...as follow,next 最后at last,last but not the least,above all,all in all,to sum up,on the whole,finally
第四篇:人教版八年级上册英语第三单元重点知识总结
Unit 3(比较级的使用,both的用法,描述性格的单词)1.Words Outgoing both better loudly quietly hard-working competition fantastic which clearly win though talented truly care laugh serious mirror kid grade should saying reach hand touch heart fact break arm share loud similar primary information
重点讲解: 1)both 两个都 一般和of连用
Eg:Both of pens are mine.两支钢笔都是我的。2)hard-working
adj.工作努力的,辛勤的 Eg:I admire their hard-working spirit.我钦佩他们的辛勤工作的精神。3)Which 哪一个
Which class are you in?你在哪个班? Which one is yours?哪个是你的? 4)Serious adj严肃的,稳重的
Eg:Ian is a serious guy.伊恩是一个认真的人。(伊恩是一个稳重的人)This is a serious decision.这是个严肃的决定。<拓>adv seriously 认真地,严肃地
Eg:Let’s talk about it seriously.让我们认真的来谈一谈。(让我们严肃认真的来聊聊)
5)Truly adv 真正,确实 Eg:He truly loved his children.他由衷地爱他的孩子们。<拓>典型地
Eg:Spain was truly a European nation.西班牙是个典型的欧洲国家。
6)Necessary adj.必要的,必须的 Eg: s that really necessary? 那真有必要吗?
It is necessary that buy some papers when we are in art class.当我们上艺术课的时候买些纸是很必要的。7)Should 情态动词 “应该”
Eg:We should go outside to buy some papers.我们应该去外面买纸。You should be quiet.你应该安静点。8)Break v.损坏,断,裂,破 Eg:Did your dress break? 你的衣服破了吗? Did you break the table? 是你损坏了桌子吗?
My pen was broken yesterday.我的钢笔昨天被弄坏了。<拓>名词
休息
Let’s take a break.休息一会儿。短语:
Break down 出故障
Eg:Their car broke down.他们的车出故障了。9)Share v.分享
Eg: Children should learn to share.小孩应该学会与人分享东西。Share sth with sb与某人分享某物
Eg:You should share your apples with your sister.你应该把你的苹果和你妹妹分享。10)Primary adj 最初的,最早的
Eg:My father is the primary investigators on that case 我父亲是最早参加那个项目的研究员。总结形容词变副词: 形容词变副词的一般规则
形容词变副词通常是加ly, 其变化有规律可循 口诀:
一般直接加,“元e”去e加,“辅y”改i加,“le”结尾e改y。分别举例如下:
quick-quickly;true-truly;happy-happily;possible-possibly 2.Phrases 1)care about 担心,关心,在意
Eg:I really care about my work.我真的关心我的工作.<辨>take care of;look after ;care about;Take care of;look after 都是照看,照顾的意思。
Eg:He spent years taking care of his sick mother.他数年中一直在照顾生病的母亲.He spent years looking after his sick mother.他数年中一直在照顾生病的母亲.Care about 侧重于关心某种情况。
Don't you care about anybody?你难道谁也不关心吗? 2)As long as 只要,既然,如果
Eg:As long as there is life there is hope.留得生命在,不怕没希望.(留得青山在,不怕没柴烧)You can go out, as long as you promise to be back before 11 o'clock.你可以出去,只要你答应在11点以前回来.<拓>as long as=so long as.I'll accept any job so long as I don't have to get up early.只要不必早起,任何工作我都可以接受.3)Be different from 与什么不同;不同于
Eg:My way of life is very different from hers.我和她的生活方式差别很大。(hers=her way of life)<拓>be different from 一般指同一种类型的东西在某点上不同 be different with一般是指不同类型事物的比较。
Eg:He's always noisy with us, but he is different with girls。和我们在一起他很吵闹,和女孩在一起就不一样了。4)Bring out 使显现,使表现出
Eg:Difficulties can bring out a person's best qualities. 艰难困苦方能显示出一个人的优秀品质。<拓> 其他含义: 出版
Eg:They try to bring out one new book each month.他们争取每月出版一本新书。生产
Eg:The factory is bringing out a new type of recorder.这家工厂正在生产一种新型录音机。
5)The same as和„„一致;与„„一样
Eg:His dream is the same as mine.他的梦想和我的一样。<拓>as...as的含义为“和„„一样”,用于形容词、副词的同级比较。需要注意的是,两个as的词性和用法不一样,第一个as是副词,后面接形容词或副词的原级,第二个as多为连词,后面多接比较状语从句,其基本结构为:as + adj + as和as+adv+as。
Eg:This dictionary is as useful as you 这本字典和你想象的一样有用 He speaks English as well as Zhang Ming 他讲英语和张明一样好。6)In fact 事实上,实际上,确切地说
Eg:In fact ,I've never liked you,事实上,我从没喜欢过你。<拓>really, truly(同义)下面是in fact 的句中用法。
Eg:I thought Betty was in the garden, but in fact she was in her room.我以为贝蒂在花园,其实她在自己的房间里。
In fact the earth is actually a bit nearer to the sun during our winter.在冬天地球离太阳实际上还要近一些。
No one believed it, but in fact, Mary did pass her exam.尽管没有人相信,但实际上玛丽确实考试及格了。7)Be similar with 与„„相似;类似的 Eg:I have no similar with Tom.汤姆和我毫无共同之处.<拓>be similar to后边既可以加物主代词又可以加人,即:be similar to sth/sb be similar with后边只可以加人,即be similar with sb Eg:My problems are similar to yours.我的问题与你的类似。
8)Be taller than(比较级)比„„高 Eg:I am taller than my sister.9)Talk about谈论(事情或人)
Eg:Please don't talk about it in front of the children.请不要当着孩子们谈论那事.10)That’s why 这便是为什么;这就是„„的原因 Eg:That’s why he was late this morning.这就是他今天早上迟到的原因。3.Grammar 1)形容词副词比较级
形容词的比较级变化规则;
1、规则变化:(1)单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加er:
如: small---smaller(2)以不发音的e字母结尾的加r,:
如: late---later
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为I加er: 如: easy---easier
(4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写最后一个辅音字母再加er: 如: big---bigger 以er,ow结尾的双音节词加er 如: slow---slower(5)多音节词前加more.如: important---more important 2.不规则变化
good / well---better 好
bad / badly / ill---worse 坏 many / much---more 多
little---less 少
old---older / elder 老, 旧
far---farther / further 远 2)一般疑问句
一、含有be动词的一般疑问句,通常把be动词调到句首。eg: 陈述句:They are in the swimming pool.一般疑问句:Are they in the swimming pool? <注意>:一般疑问句句末要用“?”。
二、含有情态动词的一般疑问句(can, may...),把情态动词调到句首。eg: 陈述句:He can drive a car.一般疑问句: Can he drive a car?
三、含有have的一般疑问句,have译为“有”。一般疑问句式有两种形式: 1.把have/has调到句首。eg: 陈述句:Tommy has a computer.一般疑问句:Has Tommy/he a computer? 2.加助动词do/does,第三人称单数用does,其他人称用do。其句型为:Do/Does + 主 语 + have...? Does Tommy have a computer? 四、一般动词的一般疑问句,也要借助助动词do/does,第三人称单数用does,其余人称用do。其句型为:Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形+其它? 陈述句:Amy speaks English.一般疑问句:Does Amy speak English? 如何回答一般疑问句。首先要有人称的改变。当主语为名词时,在答语中要改成其相应的代词。另外,答语有两种,肯定的回答(用yes)和否定的回答(用no),否定式常用缩写形式。一、一般疑问句含be动词时,用be动词回答,句末用句号。eg:-Is Mary your sister?-Yes, she is./ No, she isn’t.(缩写)二、一般疑问句含有情态动词(can, may, should等)时,用情态动词回答。eg:-May I come in?-Yes, you may./ No, you can’t.三、一般疑问句含有have(译为“有”)时,有两种回答方式。1.直接用have/has回答。eg:-Have they any pictures?-Yes, they have./ No, they haven’t.2.用助动词do/does回答。eg:-Does Millie smoke?-Yes, she does./ No, she doesn’t.四、一般动词的一般疑问句回答时也用助动词。eg:-Do the workers live in London?-Yes, they do./ No, they don’t.一般疑问句也可称为“yes / no questions”,因这种问句通常用yes / no来回答,相当于汉语中的“„„吗?”其语序是:系动词be / 助动词/ 情态动词+主语+其他成分?
eg:Are you from Japan? Yes I am. / No I'm not.
Is her sister doing her homework now?Yes she is./No she isn't.Does he work in a bank? Yes he does. / No he doesn't.Do you live near your school? Yes I do./ No I don't. Can you speak French?Yes I can. / No I can't.
May I go home now?Yes you may. / No you mustn't.
1.将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有be 动词(am is are „)时,可直接将它们提至主语前。如主语为第一人称,应将其改为第二人称。eg:
I'm in Class 2Grade 1. → Are you in Class 2Grade 1? We're watching TV. → Are you watching TV?
2.陈述句中有情态动词(can may must „)时,也可直接将它们提至主语前,即可成为一般疑问句。
eg:He can swim now.→ Can he swim now?
3.陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时,变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does 主语后的实义动词用原形。Eg:I like these animals. → Do you like these animals?
She wants to go to the movies. → Does she want to go to the movies? 描述性格的词:
描述人性格的英语词汇
optimistic乐观independent独立的 out-going外向的 active 活泼的
able 有才干的,能干的;adaptable 适应性强的 active 主动的,活跃的; aggressive 有进取心的 outgoing外向的 quietly 安静地 hard-working 勤奋的 Talented 有才能的 serious 稳重的 kind 和蔼的 nice 亲切的smart 聪明的 Friendly 友好的
第五篇:人教版八年级上册英语第六单元重点知识总结
Unit 6 1.Words Computer programmer cook doctor engineer violinist pilot pianist scientist driver college university education medicine London article send team foreign able promise beginning improve physical themselves hobby paint weekly schoolwork question meaning discuss own personal relationship 重点讲解:
1)Send
vt.发送,寄;派遣;使进入;发射vi.派人;寄信 Eg:a.打发,派遣,差遣,派„前去(请人等): to send somebody to do something 派某人去做某事
to send(someone)for a doctor 派某人去请大夫
b.使前往;使进入(to): to send to the prison 进监狱
C.寄,发送(信件,邮包等): to send a letter to somebody 给某人寄信
Please send the book along to me.<拓>短语
send out 发送;派遣;放出 send in 递送;呈报;命„进来
send for 召唤,派人去叫;派人去拿 send back 送回;退还 send a message 发信息 send mail 发送邮件 send a letter 寄信
send by 通过„方式寄出
send off 寄出;派遣;给„送行 2)Able adj.能
Eg:You won't able to stuff him.你不可能一下子就把他打败。<拓>be able to 能够做 Eg:We were able to do this.我们可以做到这个。will be able to 将能够 be able to do 能够做
be able to take 经受得住某事(指困难、痛苦的事)able person 能人;有能力的人;有用的人才
3)Promise n.许诺,允诺;希望vt.允诺,许诺;给人以„的指望或希望vi.许诺;有指望,有前途 Eg: n I give you a promise.我为你许下承诺。V They promised that the work would all be finished by next week.他们保证到下星期完成全部工作。<拓>短语
promise oneself 指望 keep promise 守信
show promise 有成功的希望 make a promise 允许;允诺
great promise 前程远大;大有前途
4)Beginning n.开始;起点v.开始;创建(begin的ing形式)
Eg:This is only the beginning.这仅仅是开始。
At the beginning of each class, I count off the students.每节课开始我先数一下学生的人数。<拓>短语
at the beginning 首先;从一开始;起初;从头开始 at the beginning of 在„„的开始 from beginning to end 自始至终
from the beginning 从一开始;从开始到现在;从开始一直 in the beginning 开始,开端;起初
5)Improve
vt.改善,增进;提高„的价值vi.增加;变得更好 Eg:Your work will get by,but try to improve it.你的作业还过得去,但要努力改进。<拓>短语
improve on 改进;对„加以改良 improve in 在„方面有改进
to improve the environment 改善环境 improve upon vt.改进
6)Paint
vt.油漆;绘画;装饰;涂色于;描绘; vi.油漆;描绘;绘画;化妆
n.油漆;颜料,涂料;绘画作品; Eg: n.They spotted the wall with green paint.他们用绿色涂料装饰墙壁。
V,The boy could not paint on,because his mother wanted him to be a teacher.这男孩不能再绘画了,因为他母亲想让他成为一名教师。
7)Question n.问题,疑问;询问;疑问句vt.询问;怀疑;审问vi.询问;怀疑;审问 Eg: N.He deliberated with them over that question.他和他们商量了那个问题。Do you realize the importance of this question? 你意识到这个问题的重要性吗? <辨>problem和question都有“问题”的意思,但用法却不尽相同:
I.problem指说话者认为难以解决的问题,它与动词 solve或settle(解决)搭配。而 question指说话者需要寻找答案的问题,它常与动词ask或answer连用。试比较:
①The problem is difficult to be solved.这个问题很难解决。
②May I ask you some questions?我可以问你一些问题吗?
II.problem可用于数学或物理的习题,而question却无此义。question可表示一件“与„„有关的事”。试比较:
①Can you work out this maths problem ?你能算出这道数学题吗?
②It's a question of money / time.这是一个与金钱/时间有关的问题。
III.指需要讨论或解决的问题时,problem与question可以互换。
We are going to talk about several problems(questions)at the meeting .我们在会上要谈到一些问题。
The problem now is a lot of question to ask.现在的麻烦事就是有太多的问题要问了。8)Personal
adj.个人的;身体的;亲自的 Eg: She has no personal ambition.她没有个人野心。
He loved to recite his personal experiences.他喜欢述说他个人的经历。2.Phrases 1)grow up 成长,逐渐形成
Eg:All plants like to grow up towards the sunlight。所有植物都喜朝阳生长。His daughter is grown up.他的女儿已长大成人。
<辨>grow up v.长大, 成人, 崛起
Eg:He was grew in a small village grow.vi.生长, 成长, 渐渐变得, 增长, 增高 vt.种植, 栽培, 培育
He grows vegetables.他种植蔬菜 2)Be sure about
对„有把握;确信 Eg: You can make books, but you will never be sure about the results, they are unpredictable.你可以创作,但你无法控制结果,结果总是未知的。3)Make sure 确信;证实
Eg:Treat it that way yourself and make sure others do so as well.这种方式对待自己和他人作出一定也这样做。4)Write down 写下,记下
Eg:He wrote down every word the teacher said.他把老师讲的一字不漏地记下来。5)Have to do with
与„„有关系
Eg:What does that have to do with you? 那与您有什么关系吗? 6)Take up 拿起;开始从事;占据(时间,地方)Eg:They took up arms and fought for their faith and liberty.他们拿起武器为信仰和自由而斗争。
I'm sorry I've already taken up so much of your valuable time.对不起,我占了你这么多宝贵时间。7)Be going to do
是一种固定结构,它后面要接动词原形。含有be going to 结构的句子中往往有表示将来的时间状语,如:tomorrow, next week等。
1、用来表示按计划或安排要发生的动作,有“准备;打算”的意思。这种主观意图,一般已做过事先安排,故其实现的可能性较大,其主语常是人。
Eg:We are going to have a class meeting this afternoon.今天下午我们打算开班会。(安排)
2、表示根据现有情况、某种迹象,判断将要或即将发生的动作。此时不含有主观意图,只是表示说话人对客观事态发展的判断或推测,此时主语可以是人,也可以是物。
Eg: Look at the black clouds.It's going to rain.看那些乌云,快要下雨了。(推测)
I”m not feeling well, I”m going to be ill.我感觉不是很好,可能要生病了。(表示说话人的感觉而已)
be going to 在肯定句中的形式 be going to 结构中的助动词be很少用原形,be随主语人称和数的变化而变化,它一般有三种形式,am , is , are。而going to 固定不变。即:当主语是 I 时用am ;当主语是第三人称单数时用is;当主语是其他人称时用are。
Eg:I am going to buy something tomorrow morning.明天早上我要去买些东西。
She is going to see Mr.Wang this afternoon.她打算今天下午去看望王先生。
含be going to 的句子变否定句和一般疑问句的变法 由于句子中有助动词be,因此be going to 的否定句和一般疑问句的构成很容易,即在be(am, is, are)的后面加上not 就构成了否定句;把be(am, is, are)放到句首,在句末加问号就构成了一般疑问句,其答语为:Yes, 主语+ am/is/are./ No, 主语+ isn't/aren't./ No, I'm not.不过 I am...在改为一般疑问句时常常改为“Are you....?”。eg: They are going to see the car factory next week.(肯定句)They are not going to see the car factory next week.(否定句)—Are they going to see the car factory next week?
—Yes, they are.(No, they aren't.)(一般疑问句及其回答)使用be going to 应注意的两点 : 1.There be 句型的be going to 结构为:There is / are going to be...(注意句型中going to 后面的be不能改为have。)常用来表示将有某事发生。eg: There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our school.下周六我们学校将有一场足球比赛。
2.come, go, leave, arrive等表示位置移动的动词常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作,它们很少与be going to 结构连用。
eg: Miss Sun is coming tonight.今晚孙小姐要来。
They are going to the park next Friday.下星期五他们打算去公园。3.“be going to +动词原形”结构与表示将来的时间状语是否连用,在意思上有所差别。如果其后有明确的时间状语,则表示该动作或状态发生的可能性较大;反之,则表示一种推测,表示未来可能发生的事情。eg: There is going to be a film in our school this evening.今晚我们学校将有一场电影。(一定会发生)
Hurry up!We are going to be late.快点!我们要迟到了。(仅表示一种推测)8)Keep on
<辨>keep doing / keep on doing 1)均可表示“继续做某事,反复做某事”,可互换,只是 keep on 更加强调时间的间隔性和动作的反复性,及某人做某事的决心。
He kept on working until midnight though he was tied.虽然他佷累了他依旧继续行进直到午夜。
The boy kept /kept on asking some silly questions in class.男孩不断地在课堂上问一些傻里傻气的问题。
2)若表示一连续不段的动作,或某一动作的持续状态,只宜用keep doing.She kept waving to her husband until he was out of sight.她不断的挥手直到她老公淡出视线。Keep lying here;I will be back soon.躺在这别动,我马上回来。
3)若表示今后或将来继续做某事,则只宜用keep on doing。
We must keep on working hard in the coming new year.接近新年之际我们必须持续的努力工作。
He kept on smoking though we advised him to stop to smoke.虽然我们都建议他不要吸烟,但他依旧不停的抽烟。9)Try one’s best 尽力
Eg:I’ll try my best to prepare this exam.我会尽力准备这次考试。
10)Make a promise 作承诺 11)Get back a.回去,回来
When do you get back from the country?
你什么时候从村里回来? b.收(或送)回
I have to get these books back to the library before it closes.在图书馆闭馆之前我必须把书还回去。c.恢复原来的状态
His only desire is to be cured and to get back to work
他唯一的愿望就是治好病然后重新工作。3.grammar 1)一般将来时(be going to)P116 2)Want to be
想成为;想要成为
Eg:We want to be quite clear on this point.关于这一点,我们想要完全弄清。I want to be a teacher when I grow up.当我长大以后,我想成为一名教师。3)职业的单词
farmer 农民worker 工人soldier 军人students 学生business people 商人doctor医生nun : 尼姑nurse: 护士office clerk : 职员office staff 上班族
operator: 接线员parachutist: 跳伞人.personnel 职员pharmacist药剂师photographer:摄影师pilot: 飞行员planner: 计划员policeman: 警察
postal clerk: 邮政人员postman :邮差President: 总统priest: 牧师teacher: 教师technician : 技术人员tour guide: 导游traffic warden: 交通管理员.translator: 翻译(笔译)TV producer: 电视制作人
typist: 打字员vet: 兽医veterinarian兽医waiter: 侍者(服务生)waitress: 女侍者(服务生)welder : 焊接工writer: 作家chef: 厨师 chemist : 化学师clerk : 店员clown :小丑cobbler: 制(补)鞋匠
computer programmer :程序员construction worker :建筑工人cook:厨师 cowboy :牛仔customs officer :海关官员dancer : 舞者dentist: 牙科医生 designer: 设计师desk clerk: 接待员detective 侦探doctor: 医生
door-to-door salesman: 推销员driver: 司机dustman: 清洁工editor : 编辑electrician :电工engineer:工程师