第一篇:英语语法——rather_than用法小结
have sth.done,have sb.do , have sb./sth.doing与have sth.to do 四种
句型的区别
一、Have sth.done可表示四种不同的语法意义(1)(主语)请/派别人完成某事。
例:① I had(=got)that door painted last week.上星期我请人把那扇门做了油漆。
② I had(=got)my teeth filled yesterday afternoon.昨天下午我请人补了牙。(2)(主语)完成某事(可能参与)。
例:① they are going to have(=got)some threes planted.他们打算植些树。
② we must have(=got)the work finished by Tuesday.我们必须在星期二以前完
成此项工作。
(3)(主语)遭受某种不幸的情况。
例:① I had my hat blown off.我的帽子被(风)吹掉了。
② I had my leg broken when I got off the bus.下车时我的腿子摔断了。(4)用于否定句中,表示“不允许….”“不让”。
例:① I won’t have anything said against her.我不会允许有任何反对她的言论。② I won’t have my house turned into a hotel.不不会让我的房子变成一个旅馆。
二、have sb.do表示四种含意(1)(主语)请/派别人完成某事。可以用“get sb.to do”结构来替换。
例:① I had him repair my bike.(=I got him to repair my bike.)我请他修理自行车。
② Don’t forget to have him come.别忘了叫他来。
(2)表示主语无意识的行为,这时“have”作“有”解。例:These small animals seem glad to have people visit them.(3)表示主语“经历”某事。
例:He had his mother die.他遭丧母。(4)在否定句中作“容忍”“允许”解。
例:I won’t have you say such things about her.我不允许你说她这样的话。
三、have sb./sth.doing 表示两种含意或者说一种含意。(1)在肯定句中常表示“让某人做某事”,“让某情况发生”之意,含有动作正在进行之意。
例:① he soon had them all laughing.他很快让他们都笑了起来。② I have a car waiting for me.我让一部车在等我。(2)在否定结构中,表示“不能让”,“不允许”。
例:we can’t have that sort of thing happening.我们不能让那类事情发生。
四、have sth.to do表示“有某事要完成”,其中不定式作定语,且其有主动与被动二种形式需要区别使用。
(1)如果不定式的动作由主语来完成需其用主动形式。例:① I have some letters to write.我有几封信要写。
② He have a large family to support.他有一大家人要养活。(2)如果不定式的动作不是由主语来完成需用其被动形式。例:“Do you have any clothes to be washed today?”the servant asked.佣人问道:“你今天有没有衣服要(我)洗?”
rather than 用法小结
rather than 是一个并列连词,用法比较复杂,现归纳如下:
1.rather than 与would 连用时,构成“would rather...than...”句式,意思是“宁愿……而不愿……”,表示主观愿望,即在两者之中选择其一。例如:
She'd rather die than lose the children.她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。
2.rather than 不与would连用时,表示客观事实,意为“是……而不是……;与其……不如……”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。现分述如下:
(1)连接两个名词或代词
He is an explorer rather than a sailor.与其说他是一个海员,不如说他是一个探险者。
You rather than I are going to go camping.是你而不是我要去要野营。
注意:rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
(2)连接两个形容词
The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap.与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。
(3)连接两个介词(短语)或动名词
We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall.我们是在教室里开会,不是在大厅里。
She enjoys singing rather than dancing.她喜欢唱歌,而不喜欢跳舞。
(4)连接两个分句
We should help him rather than he should help us.是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。
(5)连接两个不定式
I decided to write rather than(to)telephone.我决定写信而不打电话。
注意:rather than 后接不定式时,不定式可以带to,也可以不带to, 如上句。但rather than位于句首时,则只能接不带to 的不定式。如:Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price.他唯恐蔬菜烂掉,把它们以半价卖掉了。
(6)连接两个动词
He ran rather than walked.他是跑来的,而不是走来的。
注意:这里rather than 后用了walked,而没有用walk,表示客观事实,而不是主观愿望。如果换成walk,则作“宁愿……而不愿 ……”解。
would rather的用法
一、would rather意思是“宁愿、宁可、更、最好、还是为好”,后接动词原形,常省略为’d rather,表示优先选择的一种方式
其否定形式是would rather not do sth。would rather没有人称和数的变化,所有的人称一律用would rather。
“would rather+动词原形”是英语中常见的一个惯用句式,美国英语中多用had rather。would(had)在此决无“过去”之意,它是一个情态助动词,且无词性、时态
变化。
例 Mr Li would rather not listen to rock music.李先生不愿意听摇滚音乐。
If you’d rather be alone, we’ll all leave here.如果你宁愿独自呆着,那我们都离开这儿。
He’d rather work in the countryside.她宁可到农村去工作。
You would rather stay at home and do some reading this evening.今晚你最好呆在家中读点书。
二、如果在两者中进行取舍,表示“宁愿……而不愿……,与其……宁可……”的意思时,则可用would rather…than…或would…rather than…的句型
例 I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema.我宁可在家看电视而不愿去看电影。
The children would walk there rather than take a bus.孩子们宁愿步行去那里而不愿乘公共汽车。
请注意 1)would rather…than…/would…rather than…也可以颠倒为:rather than…would…。Would(rather)和than后都接不带to的动词不定式,若选用的动词相同,那么than 后的动词可以省略。
例 I would rather have noodles than rice.我宁愿吃面条也不吃米饭。
He would rather drink wine than beer. 他喜欢喝红葡萄酒而不喜欢喝啤酒。
Rather than work in such bad condition, he would give up.与其在这样差的条件下工作,他宁愿放弃。
2)使用would rather…than…句型时要注意“平行结构”,即在than 的前后要用两个同类的词或词组,如两个名词、两个不定式、两个介词短语等。
例 I would rather go to work by bike than by bus.我宁愿骑自行车也不愿乘公共汽车去上班。
I would rather talk with his mother than with his father.我宁愿和他妈说话而不愿和他爸说话。
三、在疑问句式中,would rather 与would rather…than…中的would要放在主语之前
例 Would you rather stay here or go home? 你愿意呆在这里,还是回家?
Which would you rather have, apples or bananas? 你喜欢吃苹果还是香蕉?
Would you rather read a novel than read a poem?你宁愿看小说而不愿朗读诗歌吗?
四、would rather+从句,是一个常用的虚拟语气句型 Would rather+从句,谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。其意为“宁愿……,还是…… 好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。引导从句的that常省略。在谈到过去的动作时,谓语则用过去完成时。
例 John wants to see me today.I would rather he came to tomorrow than today.约翰今天想去看我。我宁愿他明天来看我而不是今天。(句中came不是表示过去而是表示将来)
We’d rather he paid us the money tomorrow.我们宁愿他明天付给我们那笔钱。
Don’t come tomorrow.I’d rather you came next weekend.明天别来。我希望你下周末来。
请注意 1)如果谈到过去的动作,也就是表示过去已经发生的事情在选择上不
恰当。此时,主句一般为I had rather ,其(that)从句则用过去完成时。例 Would rather you had not done that.我真希望你没有做那件事。
2)如果只涉及主语本人而不涉及另一个人,则would rather之后不接that从句而接have done结构。
例 I would rather have gone to the theatre than stayed home night.我真希望昨天晚上去看了戏而不是呆在家里。He would rather be poor than have got money by dishonest methods. 他宁可穷也不愿意用不诚实的手段获取金钱。
Henry would rather that his girlfriend worked in the same department as he does.亨利希望他的女朋友和他在一个部门工作。
五、would rather/sooner和prefer/would prefer的区别 would rather和would sooner之间一般没有区别,但经常接触到的是would rather。
例Tom would rather/sooner read than talk. 汤姆宁可读书而不愿谈天。Tom prefers reading to talking.汤姆喜欢读书而不喜欢谈天。
请注意 1)would rather后跟不带to的不定式+than+不带 to的不定式,而prefer后跟动名词+to+动名词。有时prefer后面也可跟名词,而在would rather之后要求只带动词原形。
例 He prefers wine to beer.= He would rather drink wine than beer. 他喜欢喝红葡萄酒而不喜欢喝啤酒。
I prefer tennis to golf.= I’d rather play tennis than golf. 我喜欢打网球而不喜欢打高尔夫球。2)某些 prefer+名词的情况不能用 would rather完全确切地表达出来:He prefers dogs to cats.(他喜欢狗而不喜欢猫。)和 He would rather have dogs than cats.(他宁可养狗而不愿养猫。)很明显,这两句的意思并不完全相同。
3)would rather+不带to的不定式有时可代替 would prefer+带 to的不定式。
例 I’d rather fly than go by sea.=I’d prefer to fly. 我宁愿乘飞机也不愿乘船。
这两个结构后面带名词时情况也一样:
例 —Would you like some gin?
—I’d prefer a coffee.=I’d rather have coffee than gin.
—您想喝点杜松子酒吗?
—我想喝点咖啡。/我想喝点咖啡,不想喝杜松子酒。
4)would rather/sooner和would prefer后面都可跟完成式,但后者带to。
例 We went by sea but I’d rather have gone by air=I’d prefer to have gone by air. 我们是乘船去的,可我本想乘飞机去。(我愿意乘飞机去,可我的愿望未能实现。)这和 would like+不定式的完成式有点相似,would like+带to 的不定式的完成式也表示未能实现的愿望。
第二篇:rather_than用法小结
rather than 用法小结
rather than 是一个并列连词,用法比较复杂,现归纳如下:
1.rather than 与would 连用时,构成“would rather...than...”句式,意思是“宁愿……而不愿……”,表示主观愿望,即在两者之中选择其一。例如:
She'd rather die than lose the children.她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。
2.rather than 不与would连用时,表示客观事实,意为“是……而不是……;与其……不如……”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。现分述如下:(1)连接两个名词或代词
He is an explorer rather than a sailor.与其说他是一个海员,不如说他是一个探险者。You rather than I are going to go camping.是你而不是我要去要野营。
注意:rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。(2)连接两个形容词
The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap.与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。
(3)连接两个介词(短语)或动名词
We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall.我们是在教室里开会,不是在大厅里。
She enjoys singing rather than dancing.她喜欢唱歌,而不喜欢跳舞。(4)连接两个分句
We should help him rather than he should help us.是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。(5)连接两个不定式
I decided to write rather than(to)telephone.我决定写信而不打电话。
注意:rather than 后接不定式时,不定式可以带to,也可以不带to, 如上句。但rather than位于句首时,则只能接不带to 的不定式。如:Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price.他唯恐蔬菜烂掉,把它们以半价卖掉了。(6)连接两个动词
He ran rather than walked.他是跑来的,而不是走来的。
注意:这里rather than 后用了walked,而没有用walk,表示客观事实,而不是主观愿望。如果换成walk,则作“宁愿……而不愿 ……”解。would rather的用法
一、would rather意思是“宁愿、宁可、更、最好、还是为好”,后接动词原形,常省略为’d rather,表示优先选择的一种方式
其否定形式是would rather not do sth。would rather没有人称和数的变化,所有的人称一律用would rather。
“would rather+动词原形”是英语中常见的一个惯用句式,美国英语中多用had rather。would(had)在此决无“过去”之意,它是一个情态助动词,且无词性、时态变化。例 Mr Li would rather not listen to rock music.李先生不愿意听摇滚音乐。If you’d rather be alone, we’ll all leave here.如果你宁愿独自呆着,那我们都离开这儿。
He’d rather work in the countryside.她宁可到农村去工作。
You would rather stay at home and do some reading this evening.今晚你最好呆在家中读点书。
二、如果在两者中进行取舍,表示“宁愿……而不愿……,与其……宁可……”的意思时,则可用would rather…than…或would…rather than…的句型
例 I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema.我宁可在家看电视而不愿去看电影。
The children would walk there rather than take a bus.孩子们宁愿步行去那里而不愿乘公共汽车。
请注意 1)would rather…than…/would…rather than…也可以颠倒为:rather than…would…。Would(rather)和than后都接不带to的动词不定式,若选用的动词相同,那么than 后的动词可以省略。
例 I would rather have noodles than rice.我宁愿吃面条也不吃米饭。He would rather drink wine than beer. 他喜欢喝红葡萄酒而不喜欢喝啤酒。Rather than work in such bad condition, he would give up.与其在这样差的条件下工作,他宁愿放弃。
2)使用would rather…than…句型时要注意“平行结构”,即在than 的前后要用两个同类的词或词组,如两个名词、两个不定式、两个介词短语等。
例 I would rather go to work by bike than by bus.我宁愿骑自行车也不愿乘公共汽车去上班。
I would rather talk with his mother than with his father.我宁愿和他妈说话而不愿和他爸说话。
三、在疑问句式中,would rather 与would rather…than…中的would要放在主语之前 例 Would you rather stay here or go home? 你愿意呆在这里,还是回家? Which would you rather have, apples or bananas? 你喜欢吃苹果还是香蕉? Would you rather read a novel than read a poem?你宁愿看小说而不愿朗读诗歌吗?
四、would rather+从句,是一个常用的虚拟语气句型 Would rather+从句,谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。其意为“宁愿……,还是…… 好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。引导从句的that常省略。在谈到过去的动作时,谓语则用过去完成时。
例 John wants to see me today.I would rather he came to tomorrow than today.约翰今天想去看我。我宁愿他明天来看我而不是今天。(句中came不是表示过去而是表示将来)We’d rather he paid us the money tomorrow.我们宁愿他明天付给我们那笔钱。Don’t come tomorrow.I’d rather you came next weekend.明天别来。我希望你下周末来。
请注意 1)如果谈到过去的动作,也就是表示过去已经发生的事情在选择上不恰当。此时,主句一般为I had rather ,其(that)从句则用过去完成时。例 Would rather you had not done that.我真希望你没有做那件事。
2)如果只涉及主语本人而不涉及另一个人,则would rather之后不接that从句而接have done结构。例 I would rather have gone to the theatre than stayed home night.我真希望昨天晚上去看了戏而不是呆在家里。He would rather be poor than have got money by dishonest methods. 他宁可穷也不愿意用不诚实的手段获取金钱。
Henry would rather that his girlfriend worked in the same department as he does.亨利希望他的女朋友和他在一个部门工作。
五、would rather/sooner和prefer/would prefer的区别 would rather和would sooner之间一般没有区别,但经常接触到的是would rather。
例Tom would rather/sooner read than talk. 汤姆宁可读书而不愿谈天。Tom prefers reading to talking.汤姆喜欢读书而不喜欢谈天。
请注意 1)would rather后跟不带to的不定式+than+不带 to的不定式,而prefer后跟动名词+to+动名词。有时prefer后面也可跟名词,而在would rather之后要求只带动词原形。
例 He prefers wine to beer.= He would rather drink wine than beer. 他喜欢喝红葡萄酒而不喜欢喝啤酒。
I prefer tennis to golf.= I’d rather play tennis than golf. 我喜欢打网球而不喜欢打高尔夫球。2)某些 prefer+名词的情况不能用 would rather完全确切地表达出来:He prefers dogs to cats.(他喜欢狗而不喜欢猫。)和 He would rather have dogs than cats.(他宁可养狗而不愿养猫。)很明显,这两句的意思并不完全相同。3)would rather+不带to的不定式有时可代替 would prefer+带 to的不定式。例 I’d rather fly than go by sea.=I’d prefer to fly. 我宁愿乘飞机也不愿乘船。这两个结构后面带名词时情况也一样: 例 —Would you like some gin?
—I’d prefer a coffee.=I’d rather have coffee than gin. —您想喝点杜松子酒吗?
—我想喝点咖啡。/我想喝点咖啡,不想喝杜松子酒。
4)would rather/sooner和would prefer后面都可跟完成式,但后者带to。
例 We went by sea but I’d rather have gone by air=I’d prefer to have gone by air. 我们是乘船去的,可我本想乘飞机去。(我愿意乘飞机去,可我的愿望未能实现。)这和 would like+不定式的完成式有点相似,would like+带to 的不定式的完成式也表示未能实现的愿望。
第三篇:rather_than用法小结
rather than 用法小结
rather than 是一个并列连词,用法比较复杂,现归纳如下:
1.rather than 与would 连用时,构成“would rather...than...”句式,意思是“宁愿……而不愿……”,表示主观愿望,即在两者之中选择其一。例如:
She'd rather die than lose the children.她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。
2.rather than 不与would连用时,表示客观事实,意为“是……而不是……;与其……不如……”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。现分述如下:
(1)连接两个名词或代词
He is an explorer rather than a sailor.与其说他是一个海员,不如说他是一个探险者。
You rather than I are going to go camping.是你而不是我要去要野营。
注意:rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
(2)连接两个形容词
The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap.与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。
(3)连接两个介词(短语)或动名词
We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall.我们是在教室里开会,不是在大厅里。
She enjoys singing rather than dancing.她喜欢唱歌,而不喜欢跳舞。
(4)连接两个分句
We should help him rather than he should help us.是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。
(5)连接两个不定式
I decided to write rather than(to)telephone.我决定写信而不打电话。
注意:rather than 后接不定式时,不定式可以带to,也可以不带to, 如上句。但rather than位于句首时,则只能接不带to 的不定式。如:Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price.他唯恐蔬菜烂掉,把它们以半价卖掉了。
(6)连接两个动词
He ran rather than walked.他是跑来的,而不是走来的。
注意:这里rather than 后用了walked,而没有用walk,表示客观事实,而不是主观愿望。如果换成walk,则作“宁愿……而不愿 ……”解。
would rather的用法
一、would rather意思是“宁愿、宁可、更、最好、还是为好”,后接动词原形,常省略为’d rather,表示优先选择的一种方式
其否定形式是would rather not do sth。would rather没有人称和数的变化,所有的人称一律用would rather。
“would rather+动词原形”是英语中常见的一个惯用句式,美国英语中多用had rather。would(had)在此决无“过去”之意,它是一个情态助动词,且无词性、时态变化。
例 Mr Li would rather not listen to rock music.李先生不愿意听摇滚音乐。
If you’d rather be alone, we’ll all leave here.如果你宁愿独自呆着,那我们都离开这儿。
He’d rather work in the countryside.她宁可到农村去工作。
You would rather stay at home and do some reading this evening.今晚你最好呆在家中读点书。
二、如果在两者中进行取舍,表示“宁愿……而不愿……,与其……宁可……”的意思时,则可用would rather…than…或would…rather than…的句型
例 I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema.我宁可在家看电视而不愿去看电影。
The children would walk there rather than take a bus.孩子们宁愿步行去那里而不愿乘公共汽车。
请注意 1)would rather…than…/would…rather than…也可以颠倒为:rather than…would…。Would(rather)和than后都接不带to的动词不定式,若选用的动词相同,那么than 后的动词可以省略。
例 I would rather have noodles than rice.我宁愿吃面条也不吃米饭。
He would rather drink wine than beer. 他喜欢喝红葡萄酒而不喜欢喝啤酒。
Rather than work in such bad condition, he would give up.与其在这样差的条件下工作,他宁愿放弃。
2)使用would rather…than…句型时要注意“平行结构”,即在than 的前后要用两个同类的词或词组,如两个名词、两个不定式、两个介词短语等。
例 I would rather go to work by bike than by bus.我宁愿骑自行车也不愿乘公共汽车去上班。
I would rather talk with his mother than with his father.我宁愿和他妈说话而不愿和他爸说话。
三、在疑问句式中,would rather 与would rather…than…中的would要放在主语之前
例 Would you rather stay here or go home? 你愿意呆在这里,还是回家?
Which would you rather have, apples or bananas? 你喜欢吃苹果还是香蕉?
Would you rather read a novel than read a poem?你宁愿看小说而不愿朗读诗歌吗?
四、would rather+从句,是一个常用的虚拟语气句型 Would rather+从句,谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。其意为“宁愿……,还是…… 好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。引导从句的that常省略。在谈到过去的动作时,谓语则用过去完成时。
例 John wants to see me today.I would rather he came to tomorrow than today.约翰今天想去看我。我宁愿他明天来看我而不是今天。(句中came不是表示过去而是表示将来)
We’d rather he paid us the money tomorrow.我们宁愿他明天付给我们那笔钱。
Don’t come tomorrow.I’d rather you came next weekend.明天别来。我希望你下周末来。
请注意 1)如果谈到过去的动作,也就是表示过去已经发生的事情在选择上不恰当。此时,主句一般为I had rather ,其(that)从句则用过去完成时。例 Would rather you had not done that.我真希望你没有做那件事。
2)如果只涉及主语本人而不涉及另一个人,则would rather之后不接that从句而接have done结构。
例 I would rather have gone to the theatre than stayed home night.我真希望昨天晚上去看了戏而不是呆在家里。He would rather be poor than have got money by dishonest methods. 他宁可穷也不愿意用不诚实的手段获取金钱。
Henry would rather that his girlfriend worked in the same department as he does.亨利希望他的女朋友和他在一个部门工作。
五、would rather/sooner和prefer/would prefer的区别 would rather和would sooner之间一般没有区别,但经常接触到的是would rather。
例Tom would rather/sooner read than talk. 汤姆宁可读书而不愿谈天。Tom prefers reading to talking.汤姆喜欢读书而不喜欢谈天。
请注意 1)would rather后跟不带to的不定式+than+不带 to的不定式,而prefer后跟动名词+to+动名词。有时prefer后面也可跟名词,而在would rather之后要求只带动词原形。
例 He prefers wine to beer.= He would rather drink wine than beer. 他喜欢喝红葡萄酒而不喜欢喝啤酒。
I prefer tennis to golf.= I’d rather play tennis than golf. 我喜欢打网球而不喜欢打高尔夫球。2)某些 prefer+名词的情况不能用 would rather完全确切地表达出来:He prefers dogs to cats.(他喜欢狗而不喜欢猫。)和 He would rather have dogs than cats.(他宁可养狗而不愿养猫。)很明显,这两句的意思并不完全相同。
3)would rather+不带to的不定式有时可代替 would prefer+带 to的不定式。
例 I’d rather fly than go by sea.=I’d prefer to fly. 我宁愿乘飞机也不愿乘船。
这两个结构后面带名词时情况也一样:
例 —Would you like some gin?
—I’d prefer a coffee.=I’d rather have coffee than gin.
—您想喝点杜松子酒吗?
—我想喝点咖啡。/我想喝点咖啡,不想喝杜松子酒。
4)would rather/sooner和would prefer后面都可跟完成式,但后者带to。
例 We went by sea but I’d rather have gone by air=I’d prefer to have gone by air. 我们是乘船去的,可我本想乘飞机去。(我愿意乘飞机去,可我5 的愿望未能实现。)这和 would like+不定式的完成式有点相似,would like+带to 的不定式的完成式也表示未能实现的愿望。prefer用法
是可以加to的,但一般用法都是用不带to的用法.(中国考试也爱考这个,所以考试万一出了你还是不要带to)
prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.“宁愿做...而不做...” I prefer to watch TV rather than go out.我宁愿呆在家里也不出去。
1.prefer+名词
——Would you like meat or fish?
——I„d prefer meat,please。
2.prefer+动名词
Do you prefer cooling for yourself ,or eating in a restaurant? 自己做饭还是喜欢下馆子?
——Do you like swimming?你喜欢游泳吗?
——Yes, but I prefer saling.喜欢,但我更喜欢驾驶帆船。
3.prefer+不定式
Do you prefer to cook for yourself, or to eat in a restaurant? I prefer to spend the weekend at home.我喜欢在家里度周末。
I would prefer to stay at home tonight.She prefers to be alone.4.Prefer sb to do sth
Their father prefers them to be home early.他们的父亲宁愿他们早点回家。
I thought you would prefer me not to knock.5.prefer A to B
在本句型中,A与B是平行结构,可以是名词,也可以都是动名词。例如:
I prefer dogs to cats.在狗与猫之间我更喜欢狗。
Most people prefer trains to buses.大多数人愿意坐火车而不愿坐汽车。
I prefer writing a term paper to taking an examination.我宁愿写一篇学期论文也不愿参加考试。
I prefer staying at home to going ou.我觉得在家里比出去好。
Thousands of children nowadays prefer doing their homework to a background of pop-music to doing it in a quiet room.成千上万的孩子如今一边听流行音乐一边做作业,也不愿在安安静静的房间里做。
She has always preferred marking her own clothes rather than buying them in the shops.她向来喜欢自己做衣服,而不到商店里去买衣服
6.Prefer+不定式+rather than+不定式
1)本句型中,第一个不定式前面要加to,第二个不定式前面以不加to居多。例如: He prefer to die rather than become traitor.她宁死也不做叛徒。
Older people often fear change.They know what they can do best.They prefer to repeat their successes rather than risk failure.年纪大的人常常怕变化。他们知道什么最拿手,宁愿把自己成功的经验在如法炮制而不愿冒失败的危险。
She preferred to sew rather than to knit.她喜欢缝纫而不喜欢编织。
2)rather than 也可以至于句首:
Rather than buy a car of his own, he prefers to rent one.3)than后也可用动名词:
I prefer to stay at home rather than go/going to see a film.我觉得与其去看电影倒不如呆在家里。
I would prefer to spend the weekend at home rather than drive/driving all the way to your mother‟s.我觉得与其开车跑那么远的路到你母亲那里度周末,到布热在家里过更好些。
4)prefer …rather than 中的rather也可以移到第一个不定式之前(prefer rather…than),这种用法多见于书面语。例如:
He preferred rather to take the whole blame himself than to allow it to fall on the innocent.她宁可自己承担全部责任而不愿让无辜的人受到连累。
5)prefer to do A rather than do B 意义相同,试比较:
Joe prefers skating to skiing.Joe prefer to skate rather than ski.Bill preferred playing soccer to swimming.Bill preferred to play soccer rather than swim.He preferred rating a car to having one of his own.He prefers to rent a car rather than to have one of his own.他宁愿租车也不愿买车。
6)用prefer…rather than代替prefer…to连接名词的情形偶尔也可见到。如:
Mr.Brunner prefers chemistry rather than physics.有人认为两者的区别是:prefer…to表示一般的倾向,prefer…rather than则表示在某种具体场合的选择。如:
What shall we have to drink, port or sherry? 我们该喝什么呢?
I should prefer port rather than sherry.我宁愿和红葡萄酒而不合雪利酒。
7)prefer + that从句
Would you prefer that I come on Monday instead of on Tuesday? 你宁愿让星期一来而不是星期二来吗
I prefer that someone else should do this.我觉得还是让别人来做这件事比较好。
第四篇:英语语法 wish的用法(推荐)
wish的用法
1)用于wish后面的从句,表示与事实相反的情况,或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。其宾语从句的动词形式为:
真实状况 wish后
从句动作先于主句动词动作现在时过去时
(be的过去式为 were)
从句动作与主句动作同时发生 过去时过去完成时
(had + 过去分词)
将来不大可能实现的愿望将来时 would/could +
动词原形
I wish I were as tall as you.我希望和你一样高。
He wished he hadn't said that.他希望他没讲那样的话。
I wish it would rain tomorrow.我希望明天下雨就好了。
2)Wish to do表达法。
Wish sb / sth to do
I wish to see the manager.= I want to see the manager.I wish the manager to be informed at once.(= I want the manager to be informed at once.)
第五篇:英语语法小结
顺口溜教你如何学好英语
英语语法知识点及单词众多,枯燥繁杂,对于大部分同学来讲记忆起来往往比较困难,人们的记忆似乎又是有限的,学的东西多了,难免会忘记,会记错。那不如来看看下面为大家搜集的这些顺口溜,让他们来教你如何能更好的学好英语,而且不容易去忘记。
时间名词前所用介词的速记歌
年月周前要用in,日子前面却不行。
遇到几号要用on,上午下午又是in。
要说某日上下午,用on换in才能行。
午夜黄昏须用at,黎明用它也不错。
at也用在时分前,说“差”可要用上to,说“过”只可使用past,多说多练牢牢记,莫让岁月空蹉跎。
be made of 和be made from 巧记
物质不变用of, 物质变化from, 如果物质不明白,可问君自何处来?
out of question和out of the question
无the“无问题”,(毫无疑问)
有the“有问题”,(不可能)
巧记不规则名词单变复
男女脚步牙鹅,老鼠加虱婆。
man-men;woman-women;foot-feet;tooth-teeth;goose-geese;mouse-mice;louse-lice.区分long before 和before long
long 在前(long before),“很久前”,long在后(before long),“不久后”。
巧记lie和lay
躺 lie,lay,lain,lie in bed again;
撒谎 lie,lied,lied,don't be a liar;
产蛋 lay,laid,laid,a hen laid an egg;
或者记住以下口诀也不错:
规则的“撒谎”,不规则的“躺”,“躺”过就“下蛋”。“下蛋”不规则。
“规则”指规则变化,“不规则”即不规则变化,如lie作“撒谎”解时,是规则变化,即其过去式和过去分词直接加-d:“躺过”的“过”指的是过去式,即lie的过去式lay是“下蛋”的原形:“下蛋”是不规则变化。
基数词变序数词歌
基变序,有规律, 词尾加上-th(fourth,sixth)一、二、三,特殊例,结尾字母t,d,d(first,second,third)
八去t,九去e,(eighth,ninth), ve要用 f替;(fifth,twelfth)
ty将y改成i, th前面有个e。
加-ing要双写的常见动词
一个m,两个d和g
(swim)(nod, rid)(dig, beg)
三n,四p,十个t
(run, win, begin)
(dip, drop, mop, stop)
(sit, hit, fit, set, get, let, put, regret, forget, pat)
before和ago巧记
before带在点之前,ago总在段之后。
before时态不确定,过去时中用ago。
A Fu's Cap(阿福的帽子)
常见的要求跟动名词作宾语,跟不定式作宾语的动词有:
advise, forbid, understand, suppose, consider, allow, permit.接首字母即为A Fu's Cap(阿福的帽子)
冠词基本用法口诀
名词是秃子,常要戴帽子,可数名词单,须用a或an,辅音前用a,an在元音前,若为特指时,则须用定冠the,复数不可数,泛指the不见,碰到代词时,冠词均不现。
与sometime易混淆词汇区分:
分开“一段时间”, some time表示“一段时间”;
相聚“在某一时”, sometime表示“在某一时”;
“有时”相聚加s,sometimes表示“有时,不时”;
“几次”分开带s,some times表示“几次,次数”。
以o结尾名词变复数
连
一个有信仰的海湾首领叫农奴到屋顶拿手帕。(belief,gulf,chief,serf,roof,handkerchief后接s)
工作间里有架钢琴,钢琴上有台收音机,收音机旁有幅照片,照片里有动物园,动物园里有竹子。(studio,piano,radio,photo,zoo,bamboo后接s)
其实,以o结尾的名词单数变复数的规则至为简单,用不到什么口诀,只需记住一句话:
有生命的加-es,无生命的加-s.(火山有死活之分,故volcano的复数形式为 volcanoes.)
或者熟记下列口诀:
A.“两人两菜”(hero,negro,potato,tomato)
B.一句话 Negroes and heroes like to eat potatoes and tomatoes
C。有生命的加Es,无生命的加-s.倒装口诀
副词开头要例装,人称代词则如常。
only修饰副介状,位于句首半倒装。
否定意义副连词,“既不…也不”须倒装。
表语前置主语长,衔接自然常倒装。
such代词做表语,引起主谓要倒装。
Not only开头句,前一分句须倒装。
had,were,should虚拟句,省略if半倒装。
动词不定式做宾语补足语省略不定式符号“to”的特殊动词
一些动词要掌握,have,let和make,此三动词是使役,“注意”“观察”“听到”see,还有feel和watch,使用它们要仔细,后接“宾补”略去“to”,此点千万要牢记
除此之外,还可以掌握“八字言”,一感feel,二听hear,listen to,三让have,let,make,四看see,look at,observe,watch
使用口诀:
感使动词真奇怪,to在句中象妖怪。主动句里它走开,被动句里它回来。动词let要除外,to词可来可不来。
后只接动名词做宾语的一些常用特殊动词
特殊动词接“动名”,使用它们要记清,“放弃”“享受”可“后悔”,“坚持”“练习”必“完成”,“延期”“避免”非“介意”
掌握它们今必行。
记住f(e)结尾的名词复数
妻子持刀去宰狼,小偷吓得发了慌;(wife, knife, thief)
躲在架后保己命,半片树叶遮目光。(shelf, leaf)
I Drop Caps
在某些表示请求、命令、建议等动词后面的宾语从句中,谓语动词要用动词原形或should+动词原形。
I—insist, d—denand, r—request/require/recommend, o—order, p—propose, c—command, a—advise, p—preqersic, s—suggest.WITHSPEM
有些动词用过去完成时,常表示“想做而未做”的意思。可巧记其首字为组成的“withspem”,代表:wish, intend, think, hope, suppose, plan, expect, mean
另附巧口诀让你轻松背英文单词
1.马戏团的鹦鹉
它一岁的age(年纪)
会说人的language(语言)
头脑很懂manage(经营)
要求增加wage(薪水)
惹得老板rage(发怒)
把它关进cage(笼子)
2.败家女的生活
天生就很lazy(懒惰的)
生活就爱cozy(舒适的)
上街血拼crazy(疯狂的)
体胖心感uneasy(不安的)
减肥虚脱dizzy(头晕眼花的)
成天沉溺fantasy(幻想)
3.贫农发家史
下播下seed(种子)
种出却是weed(杂草)
只能当作feed(饲料)
生存无法proceed(继续)
冒险去采seaweed(海带)脚被刺伤bleed(流血)
拼命加快speed(速度)
回来销售succeed(成功)
见财心生greed(贪婪)
4.武术冠军擒贼
那天我骑着cycle(自行车)见有人偷旧bicycle(自行车)还美其名曰recycle(回收利用)
我便鼓起了muscle(肌肉)八卦掌划出semicircle(半圆)
擒贼被写进了article(文章)
5.英国的过去
大英帝国无bound(边界)
英联邦国家abound(大量存在)流通货币是pound(英镑)
随处英语的sound(声音)
满城绅士牵hound(猎狗)
6.超级逃兵
行军方向forward(向前的)
他的方向backward(向后的)
逃跑方式awkward(笨拙的)
其实是个coward(懦夫)
7.掌舵手
有一个volunteer(志愿者)把船来steer(驾驶)
快乐是sheer(纯粹的)神情却queer(古怪的)
高傲像deer(鹿)
8.码头黑老大
野心相当large(大的)
想把地盘enlarge(扩大)
要想在这discharge(卸货)
保护费要overcharge(多收)
谁敢把我charge(控告)
9.便宜无好货
话说有个student(学生)
旅行需要tent(帐篷)
去到商店rent(租借)
只要几百cent(分)
野营发生accident(事故)
原来没有vent(通风孔)
骨架还全bent(弯曲)
奸商让人resent(愤恨)
10.排骨抢劫案
教堂旁边的shop(商店)
正大声播放pop(流行音乐)
卖美味红烧chop(排骨)
口水好像要drop(滴下)
无奈没有钱shop(买东西)抢一盘朝外hop(跳跃)
越过绊脚的mop(拖把)
猛地撞上了bishop(主教)
被抓住交给cop(警察)
实践证明,在掌握英语语法的学习过程中,如果辅之以适当的记忆技巧,会达到事半功倍的作用。上条英语口诀仅是很少的一部分,希望对同学们有所启发,也可以在在平时的英语学习中注意知识的积累,培养自己的归纳总结能力,编出适合自己记忆的英语口诀。