外文国外食品安全专题数据库

第一篇：外文国外食品安全专题数据库

Overseas Food Safety Database in English 《外文国外食品安全专题数据库》

(OFSDE)《外文国外食品安全专题数据库》就是针对现阶段食品安全管理的迫切形势而制作。该库全方位收录了国外食品安全管理的优秀文献，是国外最前沿的食品管理文献数据库。涵盖了食品注册认证、食品标准、食品技术鉴定、食品监督、食品质量、食品污染等等有关食品安全管理的程序、步骤、措施、方法。内容全面丰富，资料可信科学。

该库收录有关国外食品安全管理的期刊、非期刊文献，来源150种以上，都是国外政府、国际行业组织、期刊杂志社的优秀论文，包含了美欧澳日等国食品安全管理研究的各个领域和层次；其所收录文章的论点新颖深刻，论据合理生动，论证科学严谨，具有很高的研究和借鉴价值。该库不仅包含学术论文，还包括相关学术会议综述和成果纪录，紧跟学术领域的最新发展状况，时效性和实用性很强。界面全英文显示，纯外文数据向用户提供了最为准确翔实的资料。该库的突出特点是数据量大、分类详细、检索方便。提供高级和初级两种检索方式，读者可以通过篇名、作者、年代及摘要、正文关键字等各种方式实现查询检索。该库的收集整理制作填补了目前国内有关外文食品安全管理数据领域的空白，是各食品生产加工、贸易企业、食品检验检疫机构等部门，适应我国加入WTO的需要，学习与借鉴国外食品安全管理先进经验的最有价值的工具，是理论研究和实际管理的重要参考数据。

【主要内容】：

共分为21个大类，收集最新外文期刊、非期刊共7.2万篇。

1、食品注册和认证： 包括食品GMP认证、HACCP认证、有机食品认证、无公害食品认证、绿色食品认证、有机食品认证程序和流程图、认证认可工作法律体系、管理体系、制度体系．．．．．．

2、食品监督： 包括食品生产许可证监督管理、食品加工企业质量安全监督、农产品监督．．．．．．

3、食品标准：收录了西方主要国家及国际组织有关食品安全的标准、技术规范及论著。收录的国际组织主要有世界粮农组织（FAO）、世界卫生组织（WHO）及国际食品法典委员会（CAC）、世界经济合作与发展组织（OECD）、新物种保护协会（UPOV）、国际科协（ICSU）等；收录的主要发达国家包括美国、加拿大、墨西哥、澳大利亚、新西兰、日本、欧盟及欧盟成员国，如英国、爱尔兰、丹麦、匈牙利等；包括了食品卫生标准、食品包装保准、食品专业标准、食品添加剂标准、食品工业相关标准、无公害食品标准、绿色食品标准、有机食品标准、食品检验方法标准．．．．．．

4、食品鉴定：包括食品鉴定的依据、转基因食品鉴定、粮油类食品鉴定方法、干菜类制品鉴别方法、水产品鉴别、保健品食品鉴别方法．．．．．．

5、食品分析方法： 食品原材料的理化分析方法、食品分析方法的原理、基本操作、数理分析与处理．．．．．．

6、食品成分：主要来源为Journal of Composition and Analysis ,Council Regulation(EEC),Pharmaceutical Reference Guide ,Glycobiology Resource ,Food Texture Handbook ,Rheology Handbook, Polysaccharide Reference from C.H.I.P.S.等；

7、食品分类：分为以下两部分

——生物分类：从生物分类学的角度介绍了一些食物：贻贝、蚌类、江鳟鱼、鲑于鱼、小龙虾、杀丁鱼等．．．．．．

——功能分类：着重介绍了：运动营养学、植物化学功能食品、人类健康需要的硬化食品增补剂、天然食品等．．．．．．

8、功能食品：包括功能食品产业发展、功能食品功能因子研究、功能食品的研发、功能食品的功能学测定、功能性食品．．．．．．

9、食品添加剂：包括食品添加剂标准、食品添加剂的作用、食品添加剂分类、酸度调节剂、抗结剂、消泡剂、抗氧化剂、膨松剂、着色剂、护色剂、酶制剂、增味剂、营养强化剂、防腐剂、甜味剂、水分保持剂．．．．．．

10、动物饲料：包括动物饲料添加剂、微生物在动物饲料中的应用．．．．．．

11、特殊食用用途：包括动物饲料添加剂、微生物在动物饲料中的应用．．．．．．

12、食品质量：分为以下几部分

——食品质量检验方法：包括食品质量检验的技术和方法、食品良好操作规范(GMP)、食品卫生标准操作规范(SSOP)、食品危害分析与关键点控制系列、质量管理体系标准与认证．．．．．．——质量保证： 包括食品质量控制；食品质量保持；食品从业人员健康检查、食品生产企业建筑设计卫生要求．．．．．．

——质量影响因素： 包括蛋白质食品加工质量影响因素、食品质量决策、食品安全质量管理、食品工业全面质量管理．．．．．．

13、食品效应：分为以下几部分

——经济效应：包括农业经济学中涉及的食品经济效应、先进的农业技术提高食品产量、墨西哥乳汁品的需求等内容．——环境效益：化肥农药的大量投入，农业自身面临污染对环境的负面影响，阐述了美国、德国、挪威、意大利、委内瑞拉、尼日利亚等国家的情况．——健康效应： 主要的文章包括木糖醇对力密切相关等有关食品对健康的影响．．——营养效应： 波兰中东部补充维他命和矿物质的效果、科威特关于母奶和母奶替代品的比较研究等文章，包括美国、日本、法国等国的专家就食品补充营养的方面做阐述．

14、食品污染：分为以下几部分

——食品安全风险评估： 日本、瑞士、挪威、阿根廷、美国、爱尔兰等国家的食品安全风险评估体系．．．．．．

——食品污染标准： 包括细菌性污染标准、真菌毒素污染标准、病毒性污染标准、寄生虫标准、农药污染标准，涉及马来群岛、美国日本等国家和地区的分类标准．——食品污染防范和控制： 包括食品环境污染防范、食品添加剂防范、食品中致癌防癌因素的防范和控制、食品污染分析的发展情况等方面．——食品安全能力建设： 包括美国、英国等国家的有关食品安全能力建设方面的内容，比如：牛奶产品的安全、牛肉屠宰过程中的卫生安全等方面的建设．

15、危害分析：分为以下几部分

——化学危害：包括化学危害的控制、天然化学物质危害、有意加入的化学物质的危害、偶然加入的化学物质的危害、农用化学物质危害、公用化学物质危害．——食品相关疾病： 包括不合理营养与疾病、——食品卫生和动物疾病：包括动物食品卫生检验、人畜共患疾病防治、动物疾病防治、动物保健食品．．．．．．

16、食品生产和消费：分为以下几部分

——食品生产：介绍了非洲、美国、英国等国家和地区的玉米、水稻、马铃薯、蔬菜等的生产情况和技术情况．．．．．．

——食品消费：包括超市的食品供应、（日本、德国、美国）食品产业新动态、中国有关食品的消费等方面．．．．．．

(HACCP)印度谷类价格稳定性评估、．．．．．．．．．II型糖尿病具有降糖作用、营养成分与机体免疫

．．．．．

食品结构与疾病、营养与食品卫生安全．ISO9000质量保证标准采用更

．．．．． ．．．．．

．．． ．．．．． ．．．．． 和

．

．．．．．．

——食品生产体系组成：美国、中国、加拿大等国家的有机食品、蔬菜生产、无污染绿色食品生产体系．．．．．．

——消费者教育：主要介绍了欧洲、日本、美国的一些情况．．．．．．

17、有害物防治：分为以下几部分

——有害物报告：涉及二肽酶、氨基肽酶、磷酸化酶北美、欧洲的库蚊属类带的杆肠菌等．．．．．．

——有害物防治方法：农业防治措施、物理防治措施、生物防治措施等，涉及日本、美国、加拿大等国家．．．．．．

——有害物防治方法管理体系：杀虫剂控制的法律规定等，涉及的国家包括日本、美国等．．．．．．

18、生物技术：包括转基因生物技术、基因工程与食品产业、细胞工程与食品产业、酶工程与食品产业、蛋白质工程与食品产业、代生物技术与食品安全．

19、食品技术法规：包括与国际接轨的技术法规、有机食品技术规范、蔬菜技术法规、保健食品技术工艺．．．．．．20、与WTO有关的协议：主要涉及WTO成员国的一些国家，香蕉、蔬菜等方面的协议．【来

源】：该库数据来源丰富，包括主页，都是研究了解食品安全的权威机构如下：Abg.at Access.gpo.gov Afaa.com.au Agr.gov.sk.ca Agri.ee Agribusinessonline.com Agric.nsw.gov.au Alliance-natural-health.org Ams.usda.gov Animal Feed Science Technology Anzfa.gov.au Asas.org Bfr.bund.de Bioline.org.br Bioresource Technology Bookstore.myift.org Bseinquiry.gov.uk Canexplore.gc.ca Cao.go.jp Carbohydrate Polymers Cfsan.fda.gov Chipsbooks.com Codexalimentarius.net

发酵工程与食品产业、．．．．

像美国、澳大利亚、．．．．． 150多个国家级站点、电子期刊和一些大学的院系

Cooking.houseonahill.net Corrado.emeraldinsight.com Defra.gov.uk Domino.un.org Edis.ifas.ufl.edu Efsa.eu.int En.gmo.hr Europa.eu.int Fao.org

and

Fao.orgadajournal.org Fda.gov Firstgov.gov

Food and Chemical Toxicology Food Control Food Microbiology Food Policy

Food Quality and Preference Food Research International Food Science and Technology Food.gov.uk Foodlaw.rdg.ac.uk Foodprotection.org Foodsafetyforum.org Foodstandards.gov.au

食品生物工程下游技术以及现日本等关于牛、柑橘、Freshquality.org Fsa.usda.gov Fsai.ie Fsis.usda.gov Fst.vt.edu Fvm.hu

Grainscanada.gc.ca Health.gov Hmso.gov.uk Icsu.org Ifpri.org Inchem.org

Industrial Crops & Products Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies Inspection.gc.ca

International Dairy Journal International Journal of Food Microbiology International Journal

of

Refrigeration Iso.ch Japanfood.se

Journal of Cereal Science

．

墨西哥、Journal of Food Composition and Ocio.usda.gov Analysis

Odin.dep.no Journal of Food Engineering Oecd.org Journal of the American Dietetic Osec.ch Association Pharmacos.eudra.org Law.cornell.edu Postharvest Biology Lebensmittel.org Technology Lst.min.dk Pwgsc.gc.ca Maff.go.jp Rirdc.gov.au Mla.com.au Rma.usda.gov Mszt.hu Search.ncat.org Nlbc.go.jp

Search.scotland.gov.uk Nutraceuticalsworld.com Sice.oas.org Nutrition.org Sjv.se Nzfsa.govt.nz Teagasc.ie Oaspub.epa.gov

International

Food 【语

种】英语（ENGLISH）

【检索方式】分高级检索和初级检索两种方式。读者可以通过标题、作者、篇名、年代及摘要、正文关键字等方式实现全文检索。【数据类型】全文数据。文件格式为PDF。

【数据资源】收录自1990年起，主要收集1998年至今的新数据。数据量达到Agribusiness Management

Review

Trends in Food Science & Technology Unece.org and

Upov.int Usask.ca Usda.gov Usmef.org Uvm.edu Who.int

Wiganmbc.gov.uk World-food.net York.gov.uk

and

7.2万篇。

第二篇：外文数据库实习题目

外文数据库实习题目

一、请根据所学外文数据库，回答以下问题：

1．以下哪些数据库与经济管理学科有关____________。

A、Elsevier SD；B、Emerald ；C、EBSCO ；D、Springer

2．下列哪些数据库中，提供了文献定制功能（如aletrs。

A、Elsevier；B、EBSCO；C、Springer；D、Emerald

3.下列哪些数据库可以检索到全文文献。

A、Elsevier；B、EBSCO；C、Springer；D、SCI

二、登陆EBSCO数据库，完成以下任务：

1、检索期刊名称为：“Harvard Business Review”（哈佛商业评论）的期刊，并在该刊中检索有关题名中含有“market”（市场）的期刊文章1篇，列出篇名、作者、出处（刊物名称、卷期）。

三、请登录“ScienceDirect”数据库，并完成以下任务：

1、查看刊名为“Economic Systems”年开始。

2、查出2002-2006年文章篇名中包含“labor income”一词的论文有篇。

四、请登录“Engineering Village”数据库，完成以下任务：

1、请检索2010-2011有关题名中包含“computer network”和“internet”的文献有多少？

2、请将检索结果中的2011结果以文摘的结果按“Plain text format(ASCII)”形式导出。

☆☆实习报告要求：

（1）、格式：以PPT的形式制作实习报告结果；名字为“中文数据库实习报告”；

（2）、每道题目请写出检索表达式和主要的检索步骤，并标注题号；

（3）、对本次检索方法、过程和结果的自我评价；

（4）、每个小组成员的chief和组员的姓名、学号、班级。

第三篇：食品安全外文文献

Food safety is affected by the decisions of producers, processors, distributors, food service operators, and consumers, as well as by government regulations.In developed countries, the demand for higher levels of food safety has led to the implementation of regulatory programs that address more types of safety-related attributes(such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy(BSE), microbial pathogens, environmental contaminants, and animal drug and pesticide residues)and impose stricter standards for those attributes.They also further prescribe how safety is to be assured and communicated.Liability systems are another form of regulation that affect who bears responsibility when food safety breaks down.These regulatory programs are intended to improve public health by controlling the quality of the domestic food supply and the increasing flow of imported food products from countries around the world.Common to the adoption of new regulations by developed countries is the application of risk analysis principles.Under these principles, and in line with the World Trade Organization’s(WTO’s)Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures(SPS Agreement), countries should base their regulatory actions on scientific risk assessment.In addition, a country should be able to clearly link its targeted level of protection, based on a scientifically assessed risk level, to its regulatory goals and, in turn, to its standards and inspection systems.Finally, the risk management options chosen should restrict trade as little as possible.Despite similarities in approach among developed countries, to date they have made only mixed progress toward aligning their regulatory requirements.Countries are struggling with the task of identifying key risk issues and choosing regulatory programs to control those risks.They emphasize different risks, apply different levels of precaution, and choose different regulatory approaches.The regulatory systems of countries are a mix of old laws and newer regulations that frequently do not apply consistent standards across products, risks, or countries of origin.Finally, countries may be tempted to use food safety regulations as a means of protecting domestic industries from foreign competition.These features of food safety regulation in developed countries have several implications for developing countries.First, they determine access to growing markets for food exports, particularly high-value fresh commodities such as those discussed in other briefs in this collection.When standards differ, this can create additional barriers for developingcountry exporters.Second, these features determine the issues that will be addressed in international forums, such as the Codex Alimentarius Commission.Third, they create expectations among developing-country consumers regarding acceptable levels of safety and set examples for emerging regulations in developing-country food systems.This brief reviews emerging regulatory approaches and the implications for developing countries.REGULATORY APPROACHES Countries regulate food safety through the use of process, product(performance), or information standards.Process standards specify how the product should be produced.For example, Good Manufacturing Practices specify in-plant design, sanitation, and operation standards.Product(performance)standards require that final products have specific characteristics.An example is the specification of a maximum microbial pathogen load for fresh meats and poultry.Finally, information standards specify the types of labeling or other communication that must accompany products.While these categories provide a neat breakdown, in practice most countries use a combination of approaches to regulate any particular food safety risk.For example, specifications for acceptable in-plant operations may be backed up with final product testing to monitor and verify the success of safety assurance programs.Labeling that instructs final consumers on proper food handling techniques may further back up these systems.MAJOR REGULATORY TRENDS IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES • Stronger public health and consumer welfare emphasis in decisions by regulatory agencies.The increasing use of the risk analysis framework for regulatory decision-making focuses attention on the effective control of public health risks as the ultimate goal of regulations, rather than intermediate steps such as assuring that accepted practices are used in production.This in turn leads to a focus on the food supply chain, on identifying where hazards are introduced into it, and on determining where those hazards can be controlled most cost effectively in the chain.This approach is referred to as “farm to table” or “farm to fork” analysis.When the supply chain extends across international borders, risk analysis may encompass farm or processing practices in developing countries.• Adoption of more stringent safety standards, with a broader scope of standards.Food safety standards are becoming more stringent in developed countries on two fronts.First, in many cases food safety attributes that were previously regulated are being held to more precise and stringent standards.For example, rather than assuring meat product safety simply through process standards, those products may be required to meet specific pathogen load standards for E.coli or Salmonella.Similarly, tolerances for aflatoxin may be lowered as more information and better testing become readily available.Second, the scope of standards is broadening, as new risks become known.For example, the European Union, the United States, and other countries have instituted strict feeding restrictions to avoid the spread of BSE in cattle.In addition, the European Union has recently established a regulatory program to control human exposure to dioxins through the food supply.These evolving standards create continuing challenges for producers and regulatory agencies in exporting countries.• Adoption of the HACCP approach to assuring safety.During the 1990s, developed countries made a strong shift toward requiring the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point(HACCP)approach to assuring food safety.Under HACCP, companies are responsible for analyzing how hazards such as food-borne pathogens may enter the product, establishing effective control points for those hazards, and monitoring and updating the system to assure high levels of food safety.These HACCP systems are usually predicated on the processing plant having an adequate system of sanitary operating procedures already in place.HACCP does not prescribe specific actions to be taken in a plant: the company chooses its methods for controlling hazards.HACCP systems make clear that the central responsibility for assuring safety belongs to a company;the regulator’s job is often shifted from one of direct inspection to providing oversight for the company’s operation of its HACCP plan.Since HACCP is primarily a process standard for company-level activity, inspection to assure compliance is challenging for imported products coming from plants in other countries.Some countries, such as those in the European Union, have mandated HACCP for all levels of the food supply chain, while others such as the United States have mandated it for specific sectors(meat slaughter and processing, for example).• Adoption of hybrid regulatory systems.Mandatory HACCP may be combined with performance standards for finished products.The performance standards(a minimum incidence of Salmonella in finished products, for example)provide a check on whether the HACCP plan is performing adequately.The increased use of performance standards has been facilitated by the development of more accurate and speedier testing procedures, particularly for pathogens.Eventually such tests may make it easier for exporters to demonstrate and verify a particular level of safety.食品安全受生产者、加工者、经销商、餐饮服务经营者决策的影响，也受到消费者和政府法规的影响。在发达国家，对更高水平的食品安全的需求导致监管的程序需要处理更多类型的与安全相关的属性（如牛海绵状脑病(BSE)、病原微生物、环境污染物和动物的药物和农药残留）并且执行施加更严格的标准。他们还进一步规定安全是如何被确保和传达的。责任制度是当食品安全发生问题的时候谁负有责任的另一种管理形式。这些监管程序旨在通过控制国内粮食供应量和不断增加来自世界各地的进口食品来改善公共卫生。风险分析原理是由发达国家共同通过的新条例的应用。根据符合《世界贸易组织协定》和《 实施动植物卫生检疫措施的协议》（SPS 协定）这些原则，国家应该以监管行为为基础进行科学的风险评估。此外，一个国家应当有能力在其科学的风险的评估的基础上，明确将其对产品的保护能力与其制定标准和检查系统联系起来，进而达到其监管目的。最后，选择风险管理方案应该尽可能减少贸易。到目前为止，在发达国家采取了相似的方法，在调整他们的监管要求方面取得了一定的进展。各个国家都在努力确定风险问题的关键，并且选择相应的监管程序来控制这些风险。他们强调不同的风险，需要运用不同等级的预防措施，也需要选择不同的监管方法。国家的监管制度混合了旧的法律和新的法规，通常不适用于贯穿产品、风险或原籍国的标准。最后，国家可能会使用食品安全法规作为保护国内工业免受外国竞争的一种手段。发达国家食品安全监管的这些特点对发展中国家的食品安全监管有多方面的启示。首先，他们决定增长食品出口市场，特别是高价值新鲜的商品，在此集合中与其他概要一起讨论。当标准不同时，就可以为发展中国家出口制造更多的障碍。其次，这些特征决定了在食品法典委员会等国际论坛将讨论的问题。第三，他们在发展中国家粮食系统中创建发展中国家消费者关于可接受水平的安全和新兴规章设定的举例寄予了厚望。这个概要回顾了新兴的监管方式及对发展中国家的影响。监管办法：各国通过使用流程、产品（性能）或信息标准规范食品安全。工艺标准规定如何生产产品。例如，良好的生产规范中规定了工厂的设计，卫生和操作标准。产品（性能）标准要求最终产品要有特定的特性。一个例子就是一个最大的微生物病原体负载的新鲜肉类和家禽的规范。最后，信息标准指定的标签，必须伴随着产品类型的其他交流。虽然这些类别为灵活的故障作好了准备，但是在实践中大多数的国家都会使用各种方法的组合来控制特定食品安全的风险。例如，工厂运营中的规范可能得到最终产品的测试，一次来监测和核查安全保证项目的成功。标签的指示最终会使消费者对正确的食物处理技术系统进行进一步的支持。主要所监管的趋势都在发达国家，强有力的公众健康和消费者福利重点，是由监管机构所决定的。监管监管决策的风险分析框架越来越多地使用，增加关注的公共卫生风险的有效控制才是制度的终极目标，而不是像用于被确保用于生产地做法这种中间步骤。这反过来导致焦点在食品供应链中，它有被确定的危害，并确定在哪里可以最控制这些危险成本并且有效地在供应链中。这种方法称为“农场到餐桌”或“农场到餐桌”分析。当供应链延伸跨越国届的时候，包括农场或处理做法的风险分析可能会在发展中国家。• 采用更严格的安全标准，具有更广泛的标准范围。发达国家的食品安全标准日趋变得更加严格。首先，在许多情况下以前是如何规定食品安全的属性被提升至到更精确和更严格的标准。举个例子，不是确保肉类产品安全只是通过程序标准，而是这些产品可能需要满足特定病原体荷载标准为大肠杆菌或沙门氏菌。同样，随着更多的信息和更好的检测变得随时可用，就一降低堆黄曲霉毒素的公差。其次，因为新的风险变得已知，标准的范围正在扩大。例如，欧洲联盟、美国和其他国家制定了严格的饲养限制，以避免疯牛病传播。此外，欧洲联盟最近成立一个监管的程序来控制人类通过食品供应所接触的二恶英（化学污染物）。这些不断发展的标准为生产国和出口国的管理机构创造持续的挑战。• 通过 HACCP 方法保证安全。在上世纪90年代，发达国家作出强烈转向要求保证食品安全的危害分析关键控制点(HACCP)方法。按照 HACCP，公司负责分析如何把食源性致病菌危害尽可能输入产品，有效的控制要点和监测和更新系统，以保证高水平的食品安全。这些 HACCP 系统通常取决于加工厂有适当的到位的卫生操作程序制度。HACCP并没有规定所采取的设备具体的行动，公司选择其控制危害的方法。HACCP 系统明确保证安全中心责任属于公司；从直接检验之上，监管机构的工作经常被转移到监督为公司的操作提供其 HACCP 计划。由于 HACCP是以公司活动级别的过程主要标准，检查以确保来自工厂的其他国家的进口产品遵从法规，是具有挑战性的。一些国家，例如在欧洲联盟，有授权 HACCP 为各级食品供应链，而其他如美国是授权具体门（例如，肉类屠宰和加工）。• 通过混合监管系统。强制性HACCP可能结合成品性能标准。性能标准（例如，在成品沙门氏菌的发生率最低）的提供对 HACCP 计划是否充分执行进行了检查。通过更准确和更快的测试程序，特别是对病原菌的发展促进了增加的使用性能标准。最终这种测试可能方便出口商证明和核实特定级别的安全。

第四篇：外文期刊数据库资料调研

外文期刊数据库

【正题名】: Preparation and tribological properties of nanometer magnesium borate as lubricating oil additive

【作者】: Z.S.Hu;R.Lai;F.Lou;L.G.Wang;Z.L.Chen;G.X.Chen;J.X.Dong

【刊名】: Wear

【年卷期】: 2002, vol.252, no.5-6

【出版年】: 2002

【ISSN】: 0043-1648

【页码】: p.370-374

【分类号】: TH117

【关键词】: Nanoparticle;Magnesium borate;Tribology

【正文语种】: eng

【文摘】:Nanoparticle magnesium borate with a particle size of about 10 nm was prepared using ethanol supercritical fluid drying technique and was characterized with TEM, XRD and X-ray small angle scattering.Tribological properties of the nanoparticle magnesium borate, using as lubricating oil additive, were evaluated using a four-ball and a block-on-ring tribotester.The wear scar was characterized with SEM and XPS.Results indicate that the wear resistance and load carrying capacity of the 500 SN base oil were improved and the friction coefficient of the oil was decreased by the additive.FeB were formed on sliding surface.【正题名】: Synthesis and tribological properties of ferrous octoxyborate as antiwearand friction-reducing additive of lubricating oil

【作者】: Z.S.Hu;Y.Yie;L.G.Wang;G.X.Chen;J.X.Dong

【刊名】: Tribology letters

【年卷期】: 2000, vol.8, no.1

【出版年】: 2000

【ISSN】: 1023-8883

【页码】: p.45-50

【分类号】: TH117

【关键词】: Synthesis;Ferrous octoxyborate;Tribology;Boron-containing compound

【正文语种】: eng

【文摘】:An oil-soluble compound containing ferrous iron and boron-ferrousoctoxyborate was synthesized.The antiwear and friction-reducing properties of the compound as alubricating oil additive were evaluated using a four-ball and a block-on-ring tribotester.Results indicated that both the wear resistance and the load-carrying capacity of a 500 SN base oil were improved and its friction coefficient was decreased by the additive.The wear scar, alter being cleaned using an ultrasonic bath in ligroin and in distilled water, was characterized with SEM and XPS.Diboron trioxide, FeB and Fe{sub}2B were all found to have been deposited on the wear-scar surface.It was this deposition that provided the oil with excellent antiwear and friction-reducingproperties.【正题名】: Preparation of magnesium borate succinimide and its characteristics as alubricating oil additive

【作者】: Yonggang Shi;Junxiu Dong

【刊名】: Lubrication Science

【年卷期】: 2000, vol.12, no.4

【出版年】: 2000

【ISSN】: 0954-0075

【页码】: p.357-361

【分类号】: TH117

【关键词】: Succinimide;Magnesium borate;Antioxidant;Acid neutralisation;Antifriction;Antiwear;Lubricating oils;Chemistry

【正文语种】: eng

【文摘】:Succinimide has for a long time been widely used for ashless dispersants in engine lubricating oils.However, this kind of dispersant does not have particularly good antioxidant, antifriction, antiwear or acid neutralisation properties.In this paper, a method is suggested for modifying succinimide so as to obtain improved antioxidant, acid neutralisation, antifriction, and antiwear properties.Magnesium borate cannot be dissolved in mineral lubricating oil.In the presence of succinimide, however, it will exist in a lubricating oil in the form of acolloid or complex.Therefore, in the present work, magnesium oxide, boric acid, and water were mixed together with succinimide.In the reaction process, some of the magnesium borate formed in situ will be surrounded by succinimide, forming stable colloids;the remainder will react with thesuccinimide, forming well distributed complexes in the lubricating oil.The presence of water is very important for this process.At least four moles of water are needed for one mole of magnesium borate.The resulting material has been evaluated as a lubricating oil additive.The experiments have shown that this kind of material possesses good antioxidant, acid neutralisation, antifriction,and antiwear properties, apparently due to the introduction of magnesium borate.The introduction of the magliesium borate does not influence the good dispersant properties of the succinimide.【正题名】: A study of N and S heterocyclic compound as a potential lubricating oil additive

【作者】: Junyan Zhang;Weimin Liu;Qunji Xue;Tianhui Ren

【刊名】: Wear

【年卷期】: 1999, vol.224, no.1

【出版年】: 1999

【ISSN】: 0043-1648

【页码】: p.160-164

【分类号】: TH117

【关键词】: Lubricant additive;Wear tests;Surface analysis

【正文语种】: eng

【文摘】:S-[2-(2-hydroxygenacetyl)thiobenzothiazol-1-yl]pentanyl xanthates wassynthesized as potential lubricating oil additive.The friction and wear behaviors of thesynthesized compound as an additive in liquid paraffin were evaluated with a four-ballmachine.Thetribochemical reaction of the additive with a metal surface was investigated by X-ray photoelectronspectroscopy.It was found that the novel compound as an additive in liquid paraffin was effectivein improving the tribological performance.【申请号】:EP89305805A

【申请日期】:19890608

【公开（告）号】:EP0347103A1

【公开（告）日期】:19891220

【主分类号】:C10M159/20

【副分类号】:C10M159/20,C10M159/22,C10M159/24,C10N030/04,C10N070/00

【优先权】:19880614-GB8814009

【国家代码】:EP

【发明人】:OCONNOR SEAN PATRICK,CRAWFORD JOHN,CANE CHARLES

【申请人】:BP CHEMICALS ADDITIVES

【发明名称】:A process for the production of a lubricating oil additive concentrate.【摘要】:A process for the production of a lubricating oil additive concentratehaving a TBN greater than 300 which process comprises reacting at elevated temperature component(A)a defined mixture selected from defined sulphurised or non-sulphurised acids or calcium saltsthereof，component(B)an alkaline earth metal base added either in a single addition or in aplurality of additions at intermediate points during the reaction，component(C)at least onecompound which is(i)water，(ii)a polyhydric alcohol having 2 to 4 carbon atoms，(iii)a di-(C3or C4)glycol，(iv)a tri-(C2-C4)glycol，(v)a mono-or poly-alkylene glycol alkyl ether of theformula(I)R(OR<1>)xOR<2>(I)wherein R is a C1 to C6 alkyl group，R<1>is an alkylene group，R<2> is hydrogen or a C1 to C6 alkyl group and x is an integer from 1 to 6，(vi)a C1 to C20monohydric alcohol，(vii)a C1 to C20 ketone，(viii)a C1 to C10 carboxylic acid ester，or(ix)aC1 to C20 ether，component(D)a lubricating oil，component(E)carbon dioxide added subsequentto the，or each，addition of component(B)，component(F)a defined carboxylic acid orderivative，component(G)at least one compound which is(i)an inorganic halide or(ii)anammonium alkanoate or a mono-，di-，tri-or tetra-alkyl ammonium formate or alkanoate providedthat when component(G)is(ii)，component(F)is not an acid chloride，the weight ratios of allcomponents being such as to produce a concentrate having a TBN greater than 300.【欧洲主分类号】:C10M159/20

【欧洲副分类号】:C10M159/22,C10M159/24

【

同

族

专利】:AT118240-19950215,AU630355-19921029,AU3641489-19891221,DE68921024-19950323,DE68921024-19950601,EP0347103-19891220,JP2034690-19900205 【申请号】:EP90402981A

【申请日期】:19901023

【公开（告）号】:EP0425367A1

【公开（告）日期】:19910502

【主分类号】:C10M159/20

【副分类号】:C10M159/20,C10M163/00,C10N010/02,C10N070/00

【优先权】:19891026-FR8914053

【国家代码】:EP

【发明人】:BOURGOGNON HENRI,HOORNAERT PIERRE,REY CLAUDE,RODES CHRISTIAN

【申请人】:ELF AQUITAINE

【发明名称】:Overbased lubricating oil additive containing a copper derivate or acopper and boron derivate，method of preparation and compositions containing said additive.【摘要】:The oxidation-promoting effect of the overbased additives can beattenuated or even eliminated by incorporation into the overbased additive of a copper carboxylateoriginating from aliphatic carboxylic acids containing a linear or branched C7-C10 chain.Thesecopper carboxylates can also be employed in the form of combination with a boron derivative.【欧洲主分类号】:C10M159/20

【欧洲副分类号】:C10M163/00

【

同

族

专利】:EP0425367-19910502,ES2045856-19940116,FR2653780-19910503,JP3153794-19910701 【申请号】:EP94306507A

【申请日期】:19940901

【公开（告）号】:EP0643126A2

【公开（告）日期】:19950315

【主分类号】:C10M159/22A

【副分类号】:C10M159/22A

【优先权】:19930910-GB9318810

【国家代码】:EP

【发明人】:CANE CHARLES,COOK STEPHEN JAMES

【申请人】:BP CHEMICALS ADDITIVES

【发明名称】:Highly overbased lubricating oil additive concentrates，theirpreparation and use.【摘要】:An additive concentrate having a TBN greater than 300 suitable forincorporation into a finished lubricating oil composition comprising:-(I)a lubricating oilsoluble sulphurised or non-sulphurised alkaline earth metal hydrocarbyl phenate derived either froma hydrocarbyl phenate or its precursors and modified by reaction to incorporate:(i)analdehyde，and(ii)from greater than 2 to less than 40% by weight based on the weight of theconcentrate of either(a)at least one carboxylic acid having the formula:-wherein R is aC10 to C24 alkyl or alkenyl group and R<1> is either hydrogen，a C1 to C4 alkyl group or a-CH2-COOH group，or an anhydride or ester thereof，or(b)a di-or polycarboxylic acid containingfrom 36 to 100 carbon atoms or an anhydride or ester thereof，and(II)a lubricating oil，wherein the amount of lubricating oil(II)in the additive concentrate is such that the ratio of theweight of the additive concentrate to the weight of the hydrocarbyl phenate or its precursors fromwhich the modified sulphurised or non-sulphurised phenate is derived is at least 3.0.【欧洲主分类号】:C07G017/00

【欧洲副分类号】:C10M159/22

【同族专利】:EP0643126-19950315,JP7197066-19950801

第五篇：外文数据库检索规则总结

这次要求同学们练习的数据库的检索规则：

逻辑算符“与” “或” “非”都是andornot来表示 空格也可以表示 and位置算符：SCIE 数据库：

NEAR/X

位置算符前后的两个词之间最多间隔X个单词

SAME：“地址”字段中某作者的地址同时包含前后两个检索词

2Engineering Village(EI)数据库：

NEAR/X

位置算符前后的两个词之间最多间隔X个单词,顺序可以颠倒

ONEAR/X

位置算符前后的两个词之间最多间隔X个单词,顺序不可以颠倒EBSCO数据库：

Nx

位置算符前后的两个词之间最多间隔X个单词，顺序可以颠倒

Wx

位置算符前后的两个词之间最多间隔X个单词，顺序不可以颠倒欧洲专利数据库无位置算符

截词符：* 表示任意多个字符

词组：词组都要加双引号

字段的限制：(检索字段的简写见检索界面)SCIE 数据库 ：=例如：TI=computer*Engineering Village(EI)数据库：wn 例如：computer* wn TIEBSCO数据库：直接在高级检索界面选择字段欧洲专利数据库：直接在高级检索界面选择字段

说明：图书馆界面上的ISI Web of Knowledge和Science Citation Index Expanded 数据库(SCI-EXPANDED)都可以进入SCIE数据库。

检索题目：

1、陶瓷表面化学镀铜工艺的研究

提示：化学镀铜：electroless copper plating也可以翻译成chemical copperplating

表面：surface

陶瓷：ceramic

检索方法：

主题=(“electroless copper plating”)AND 主题=(surface)AND 标题

=(ceramic)

1篇 检索结果：