第一篇：上海语文高一至高三重点课文整理
高一（上）
《沁园春·长沙》 毛泽东
气势磅礴，画面壮阔，意象壮美，意境高远。
通过对长沙秋景的描绘和对青年时代革命斗争生活的回忆，抒写出一个革命青年对国家命运的感慨和以天下为己任、蔑视发动统治者、改造旧中国的豪情壮志。
毛泽东，字润之（原作咏芝，后改润芝），笔名子任。湖南湘潭人。中国革命家、战略家、理论家和诗人
《跨越百年的美丽》 梁衡
当代散文家 “板凳甘坐十年冷，文章不写一字空”
梁衡代表作有《晋祠》《夏》《把栏杆拍遍》
居里夫人：坚强执着，信念坚定，献身科学，淡泊名利，热爱祖国，超越自我，追求真理，治学严谨 艺术特色：正面描写、侧面描写相结合刻画人物 《生命本来没有名字》周国平
生命本应一视同仁，生命贵在独一无二。《边城》 沈从文
一支优美的田园牧歌，一段古老人性的绝响
沈从文原名沈岳焕，湖南凤凰人，现代作家。
代表作：中篇小说《边城》，长篇小说《长河》，散文集《湘西》、《湘行散记》等
风格特征：恬静冲淡的风格，小品散文的笔调，诗词曲的意境；浓郁的乡土气息和返璞归真的牧歌情调。
贡献：创造了一种采用抒情笔调描写的具有特殊民情的乡土文学，并发展了新文学中抒情小说的文学样式。他被誉为现代中国的“风俗画家”。
从湘西农村走出来的沈从文，看到了都市文明掩盖下的传统美德的衰落，看到了现代文明物欲横流、金钱至上，看到了质朴真诚的淡退、腐化浅薄的流行，于是写下这篇文章，表达内心的痛心和推崇传统美德的心意。
风景美、风俗美、人情美（湘西民风古朴而淳厚。单纯的善良、原始的可爱。这里的一切，没有受到都市物质文明的污染，单纯寂寞，如梦一般宁静美好。）《合欢树》 史铁生 合欢树：
1.是作者个人命运的写照。母亲把对儿女的疼爱融入在对合欢树的精心呵护和培育中。合欢树从弱小到长大长强长壮与史铁生由残疾到对生命有所感悟，坚定地活下来有相似之处。2.作者自己，母亲悉心照顾的合欢树就是病中的自己。
3.是触动作者思念母亲的实物，也是母爱的具体的体现物，它是母亲曾活在人世的见证。它好像是母亲的化身。
4.和它晃动的树影，象征着作者对母亲的不尽思念。艺术手法：以小见大
《最后的常春藤叶》 欧·亨利 自我牺牲精神的美好心灵。
艺术特点：幽默、夸张、讽刺、比喻的语言，渲染悲剧的喜剧色彩，让读者在幽默的描写中领悟内在庄严的思想感情，在生动活泼中给人启迪。世界三大短篇小说之王：
欧·亨利（美）:《警察与赞美诗》、《麦琪的礼物》、《没有完的故事》 莫泊桑（法）：19世纪法国批评现实主义代表 世界短篇小说巨匠 代表作：《羊脂球》、《项链》、《我的叔叔于勒》 契柯夫（俄）：《变色龙》、《套中人》
世界三大短篇小说之王之一
小说在“先抑后扬”的对比中，揭示了贝尔曼平凡、普通的外观下所深藏的热爱他人、富于同情心和
当代作家
代表作：《我与地坛》、《务虚笔记》等 当代作家 哲学家 主要散文集：《守望的距离》等
《邂逅霍金》葛剑雄 霍金：《时间简史》
全文主旨：通过叙述邂逅霍金的情况和感受，赞颂霍金以高度的残疾之身攀登科学高峰的精神，赞美霍金生活的人文环境，充分揭示尊重人的价值、充分体现人文关怀的环境是科学家成长的关键因素，希望世界各国都能给杰出人才宽松和谐的生存环境。《一碗阳春面》 栗良平(*)
日本作家 主要从事童话创作和演讲活动
本文以母子三人吃阳春面为线索，将各部分贯穿起来，形成了一个有机的整体。
母子三人之所以能战胜厄运，不仅在于他们的可贵品质以及自强不息的精神，还在于他们生活在一个同样充满温情的社会环境里，可以说，母子三人的美满结果是与老板夫妇、顾客等人的同情、理解、支持、尊重分不开的。这碗里盛的不仅仅是热腾腾的阳春面，还有浓浓的人间温情——母亲的爱子情、儿子的敬母情、兄弟的团结情、社会的关爱情。因此，本文可以说是一曲美好人性的颂歌。这就是小说的主旨。《再别康桥》 徐志摩
现代诗人 新月派代表人物
艺术特色：1.以物象表示意象，意象突出形象，形象再显现意境。
2.主观情绪和客观景物融合。诗人那份对康桥看似淡淡的恋恋不舍、依依别情与康桥的宁静、梦幻、柔和、飘逸相融合。
3.语言清新，富有音乐美。（建筑美、绘画美）《雪落在中国的土地上》 艾青 者。
《双桅船》 舒婷
朦胧派代表人物（还有北岛、顾城）
主要内容：全诗围绕“双桅船”和“岸”这两个主要的意象，以哀怨而缠绵的诗句，诉说离情别绪，营造了一种凄楚、忧伤的艺术氛围。同时诗歌又表达了诗人对理想的执著追求。
艺术特色：1.以意象组合的方式表情达意。“双桅船”喻“我”；“岸”喻“自己追求的对象”；“雾、风暴”喻“人生中的艰难坎坷”；“灯”喻“人生的目标”。
2.象征的手法。船与岸的关系象征着人生探索和追求的过程。《地球，我的母亲》 郭沫若(*)《蒹葭》 《诗经》
现代作家、历史学家 代表作：《女神》、《屈原》 305篇,别名《诗三百》 现代诗人
艾青：现代诗人，主要诗集有《大堰河》、《向太阳》、《旷野》、《北方》等。“自由体诗”诗歌艺术的集大成《诗经》：第一部诗歌总集 现实主义文学源头
（浪漫主义文学源头：《楚辞》）诗经六义：按内容：风、雅、颂
按表现手法：赋、比、兴 五经：《诗》《书》《礼》《易》《春秋》 四书：《大学》《中庸》《孟子》《论语》 《种树郭橐驼转》柳宗元
唐代文学家
唐代古文运动倡导者（韩柳）
柳宗元：字子厚，世称“柳河东”、“柳柳州” 代表作：《永州八记》、《捕蛇者说》、《黔之驴》
本文通过记叙郭橐驼所说的种树之道，突出顺木之性的基本法则，并由此推出治民之道，指摘中唐吏治扰民、伤民的弊端，提倡为官者不应好烦其令，要顺应百姓的生活习惯和生产规律，反映了作者同情人民的思想和改革政治的愿望。
主要运用了对比和类比的手法。以郭橐驼种树所体现的培养树之理来反映做人之理。《病梅馆记》 龚自珍
我劝天公重抖擞，不拘一格降人才
龚自珍：字璱人，号定庵，近代思想家、文学家
主张：人才解放
代表作：《己亥杂诗》
本文通过谴责人们对梅花的摧残，形象地揭露和抨击了清朝封建统治阶级束缚人民思想，压制、摧残人才的罪行，表达了要求改革政治、追求个性解放的强烈愿望，与他的《己亥杂诗》有异曲同工之妙。
写作手法：以梅喻人，托物言志。
写作特点：大量运用类比，将梅与人才﹑病梅与遭压迫的人才等巧妙地进行类比、论述，表达作者真实思想感情。《咏史》 左思
字太冲 西晋诗人
《饮酒》陶渊明
陶渊明：字元亮，一名潜，字渊明。东晋诗人，后世称靖节先生、五柳先生。代表作：《桃花源记》、《读<山海经>》、《归去来兮辞》、《咏荆轲》 《促织》蒲松龄
《聊斋志异》志异小说 文言短片小说集
蒲松龄：字留仙，又字剑臣，号柳泉居士，世称聊斋先生。清代文学家。“写人写鬼高人一等；刺贪刺虐入骨三分。”——郭沫若话聊斋
《聊斋》写神鬼的原因：掩饰真实面目；推动情节发展；更加深刻地反映民间疾苦 写作手法：记叙为主，故事完整
隐晦曲折，借古讽今 《香菱学诗》 曹雪芹
选自《红楼梦》
曹雪芹：名沾，字梦阮，号雪芹、芹圃、芹溪，清代小说家，长篇名著《红楼梦》。主要内容：香菱下决心学诗，并自己作诗，得众人帮助，终作出首好诗。写作特点：人物的肖像描写，语言、心理、动作、细节、侧面描写十分有特色。《群英会将干中计》 罗贯中 《林教头风雪山神庙》 施耐庵
高一（下）《老王》 杨绛
钱钟书：号槐聚，字默存，代表作《围城》
老王：穷苦卑微、凄凉艰难、老实厚道、心地善良、知恩必报的好人。
老王与“我”的事情，及到最后老王去世，表达了作者对于老王生前的同情与关心；逝去后，对老王的内疚。全文体现了老王知恩图报、善良、淳朴、忠厚老实的形象与作者平民情怀。写作特色：语言肖像描写到位，将人物形象生动地展现给读者。《项链》 莫泊桑 《回忆鲁迅先生》 萧红
代表作：《羊脂球》、《我的叔叔于勒》等 现代小说家，著有《生死场》、《呼兰河传》等
杨绛：剧作家、翻译家、散文家，代表作：散文《干校六记》、小说《洗澡》
选自《三国演义》 明末元初小说家 号湖海散人 选自《水浒传》 元末明初小说家
主要内容：作者与鲁迅先生一家的生活中的小事，一点一点追忆鲁迅，去怀念他那种智慧、幽默、爽朗、平易近人、关爱他人，将鲁迅更拉近人们身边。
写作特点：描写具体而生动，语言朴实无华，人物神态等描写生动。《小溪巴赫》 肖复兴
《在马克思墓前的讲话》 恩格斯 《为了忘却的记念》 鲁迅
文学家、思想家、革命家 主要内容：对马克思极高的赞扬与肯定，对于马克思的告别，“他的英名和事业将永垂不朽”。
主要内容：烈士遇害两周年的日子里，鲁迅写了这篇纪念文章，一方面是为了纪念牺牲的革命者，一方面深刻揭露了当时白色恐怖及鲁迅受到的压力，也讲述了白莽的乐观与坚强。写作特点：质朴，易懂，却写得深刻，有着他一贯的风格。
语言特色：语言精炼、朴素、准确、含蓄，抒情色彩浓，极富表现力。
这篇纪念文字通篇用白描手法，夹叙夹议，真切自然，语言朴实无华，叙事平实无奇，既无华美的词藻，也无新奇的想象，却写得意蕴深广，耐人寻味。
题目解析：题目中“忘却”与“记念”是两个意义相反的词看起来似乎矛盾，但实际上寄托着深刻的含义。所谓“忘却”实际是“摆脱”、“搁置”的同义语，也就是将由战友牺牲而带来的无比悲痛暂时搁置一边，把情绪从始终支配着自己的悲痛中摆脱出来，化悲痛为力量，以更有效的战斗来纪念死者，而对于反动派杀害烈士的这笔血债，对于战友为革命而献生的光辉业绩，作者却是永远不会忘记的。“为了忘却”实际是为了战斗，而惟有战斗，才是对烈士的最有价值的纪念。题目反映了作者深切的感情、坚强的斗志和必胜的信念。
《我有一个梦想》 马丁·路德·金(*)立论之本：人人生而平等
语言：口语化，简单易懂 多用排比，颇具气势 《哦，香雪》 铁凝 《变形记》 卡夫卡
不回避苦难，但能看到苦难背后作为底色的善。
卡夫卡：奥地利小说家，现代派文学的奠基人之一，主要作品有《变形记》、《美国》、《审判》。
主要内容：一个小职员变成了一只巨大的甲虫。以甲虫的形态、心理活动等反映出小职员格力高尔那种不满于压抑而又无奈的心态。格里高尔自始至终关心家庭、怀恋亲人，可是亲人最终抛弃了他，对他的死无动于衷，而且决定去郊游。
作者描写这种人情反差，揭示了当时社会生活对人的异化，致使亲情淡薄，人性扭曲。《变形记》的主题具有强烈的批判性。
写作特点：虚幻和现实的结合，丰富的人物描写，使文章充满趣味 《药》 鲁迅
文章解读：明线：老栓买药—小栓吃药—茶客谈药—华大妈上坟
暗线：夏瑜就义—夏瑜血被吃—众议夏瑜—夏四奶奶上坟-----------------------------《阿房宫赋》 杜牧
字牧之 号樊川 与李商隐并称“小李杜”
借古讽今，议论时政：铺叙描写是议论的铺垫，是必备条件；议论是描写的归宿，是必然之结果。本文因宫而起，缘宫而发。越是写得壮观繁华，后面的议论越是扎实可信。唯其描写笔墨之淋漓、酣畅，议论文字才显恣肆汪洋。《黄州快哉亭记》 苏辙 主要内容：
建亭及命名，胜景与引典抒情表议 表达了作者“使其中坦然，不以物伤性，将合适而非快”的旷达心态。
写作特点：多引古人、旧事，层层深入，抒发自己观点。《项脊轩志》 归有光
1.归有光：明代散文家。字熙甫，又字开甫，别号震川，又号项脊生，唐宋派代表人之一。2.“志”即“记”，是古代记叙事物、抒发感情的一种文体。
本文借项脊轩的兴废，写与之有关的家庭琐事和人事变迁，表达了人亡物在、三世变迁的感慨以及对祖母、母亲和妻子的深切怀念，真切感人。
写作特点：作者运用生活琐事写出感人文章，语言平和舒缓，事件真实而感人，“不事雕琢而自有风味”。《登金陵凤凰台》 李白 《八声甘州》 柳永
字太白，号青莲居士，唐代浪漫主义诗人，“诗仙” 字耆卿，北宋词人
字幼安，号稼轩，《稼轩长短句》
苏轼弟，字子由，自称颖滨野老，唐宋八大家之一
“使其中坦然，不以物伤性，将何适而非快” ——不以物喜，不以己悲
《水龙吟·登建康赏心亭》 辛弃疾 《登快阁》 黄庭坚 南京别称：石头城、金陵、建业、建邺、建康、扬州、秦淮、应天、江宁、天京 等
宋代文学家，字鲁直，号山谷道人
宋四家：苏轼，米芾，蔡襄，黄庭坚 苏门四学士：秦观，晁补之，张耒，黄庭坚 《古诗为焦仲卿妻作》
又名《孔雀东南飞》我国古代最长的叙事诗
我国第一部长篇叙事诗，与《木兰诗》合称乐府双壁。
主要内容：刘兰芝、焦仲卿之间的爱情故事。经历波折，以悲剧收尾。写出封建家长制带来的恶果与影响，也是对后人的告示。
写作特点：感情强烈而直露，人物描写充分而生动，人物个性鲜活，结构完整、紧凑、细密。
《梦游天姥吟留别》 李白 写作手法：大胆的想象与夸张 《终南山》 王维 《登楼》 杜甫 《书愤》 陆游 《塞下曲》 卢纶 《从军行》 王昌龄 《过华清宫》 杜牧
高二（上）
《读书示小妹十八生日书》 贾平凹
文学常识：原名贾平娃。当代作家，著有小说集《商州散记》
主旨：以从前的读书经历劝勉小妹地多读书，阐述读书的作用和普遍意义。
写作手法：首尾呼应，将描写、抒情融为一体，勾勒出形象生动的生活细节，给予读者感性的人是合理性的感悟。
《获得教养的途径》 赫尔曼·黑塞 主旨：阅读经典对于获得教养的必要性 写作手法：作品多用象征手法，文笔优美 《白莽作<孩儿塔>序》 鲁迅
主旨：表现《孩儿塔》对于革命的伟大意义，鼓励后来者坚持继续革命。写作手法：文章整散结合，语句富于变化，张弛有度。《想北平》 老舍 《茶馆》等
主旨：表达了作者对北京的深情眷恋
写作手法：语言质朴，表达方式通俗易懂，通过与国外大城市的对比突出北京的特点 《我所认识的蔡孑民先生》 冯友兰
文学常识：冯友兰：哲学家，著有《中国哲学史》、《新原道》、《新原人》等
蔡孑民：思想主张“学术自由，兼容并包”
主旨：表达了对蔡孑民先生的钦佩和感激之情，赞美蔡先生的崇高精神境界 写作手法：以平凡小事写人的内在精神品格 《诸子喻山水》
主旨:诸子百家对于山水的看法及哲思 文学常识：
一、儒家
代表人物：孔子、孟子、荀子。作品：《论语》、《孟子》、《荀子》
以六艺为法，崇尚「礼乐」和「仁义」，提倡「忠恕」和不偏不倚的「中庸」之道，主张「德治」和「仁政」，重视道德伦理教育和人的自身修养的一个学术派别。
孟子的主要思想“民贵君轻”，主张“性善论”；与荀子“性恶论”截然相反
二、道家
代表人物：老子、庄子
作品：《道德经》、《庄子》
主张：道法自然，顺其自然
政治理想：小国寡民、无为而治
文学常识：老舍，北京人，满族，原名舒庆春，字舍予。现代作家。代表作：《骆驼祥子》、《四世同堂》、诗佛 山水田园诗派 世称王右丞 “味摩诘诗，诗中有画，画中有诗。” 诗圣 字子美 号少陵野老
南宋爱国诗人 字务观 号放翁 本诗抒发壮志未酬的慨叹 唐朝 边塞诗人 字允言 字少伯 “七绝圣手”
表达了对世事难以把握的慨叹，对官场、权贵的蔑视，以及远离黑暗现实的愿望。
三、墨家
代表人物：墨子
作品：《墨子》
学说基础：兼相爱，交相利
主张：兼爱、非攻、非命
四、法家
代表人物：韩非、李斯
作品：《韩非子》 主张：以法治国
1.孔子名丘，字仲尼，春秋时期鲁国人，是我国古代伟大的教育家、思想家、政治家。《论语》是记录孔子及其弟子言行的语录体散文集，是儒家学派的经典著作。
2.孟子名轲，字子舆，战国人，儒家学派仅次于孔子的重要代表，有“亚圣”之称。
3.老子，即老聃，一说姓李，名耳，字伯阳，春秋时期思想家，道家学派创始人，著作《老子》又名《道德经》。
4.庄子，名周，战国时期思想家，道家学派的代表人物。《庄子》一书，唐代以后又称《南华经》，《庄子》中有许多著名的寓言故事，如《螳臂当车》、《东施效颦》、《匠石运斤》、《庖丁解牛》等等。
5.《孙子》又称《孙子兵法》，作者孙武，字长卿，战国人，兵家的代表人物。
6.管仲名夷吾，字仲，春秋时期著名政治家，曾辅佐齐桓公成立霸业，使齐国成为“春秋五霸”之首，齐桓公尊称他为“仲父”。
7.韩非，战国末期韩国贵族，荀子的学生，法家的代表人物，著作有《韩非子》。《秋水》 庄子 《前赤壁赋》 苏轼
说明个人的见识有限，经过比较，就会显示出自己的不足，如果骄傲自满，就难免贻笑大方。文学常识：苏轼，字子瞻，号东坡居士。著名的文学家，唐宋八大家之一。学识渊博，多才多艺，在诗、词、文、书、画各方面都有很高造诣。书法与蔡襄、黄庭坚、米芾合称“宋四家”；他的词气势磅礴、风格豪放，一改词的婉约，与辛弃疾并称“苏辛”。
苏洵，字明允 号老泉 苏辙，字子由 号颍滨遗老
赋，一种讲究词采，体物铺陈的文章
主旨：本文先写月夜泛舟大江，饮酒赋诗，诗人沉浸在美好的景物当中而忘怀了世俗的欢乐心情；再写凭吊历史人物的兴亡，感到人生短促，因而跌入现实的苦闷；最后阐发变与不变的哲理，阐述人类和万物同样永久存在，表达了旷达超脱的人生态度。
写作手法：用散文的笔法纵横自如地写景、抒情、发议论，但是中间主客对话又巧妙地运用了传统赋的表现手法。这种主客对答，实际上是作者的自我独白，表达出苏轼思想感情上波折、挣扎、解脱的过程，同时造成了文意跌宕起伏。《游褒禅山记》 王安石
王安石：字介甫，号半山，世称王荆公，谥号“文”。其诗文颇有揭露时弊、反映社会矛盾之作，体现了他的政治主张和抱负。散文雄健峭拔，被推为“唐宋八大家”之一。诗歌遒劲清新。词虽不多但风格高峻。他的作品今存《王临川集》、《临川集拾遗》等
记，一种以记叙为主辅以议论的文体
主题思想：作者在此文中所抒发的感想：无论治学处事，都首先要有百折不挠的意志，才能无讥无悔，同时还应该有“深思而慎取”的态度。《雨霖铃》 柳永
《踏莎行·郴州旅舍》 秦观 《苏幕遮》 周邦彦 《声声慢》 李清照
柳永：原名三变字耆卿，人称柳七，柳屯田，北宋词人
秦观：字太虚，一字少游，号淮海居士，北宋词人 周邦彦：字美成，号清真居士，婉约派，北宋词人 李清照：号易安居士，北宋婉约派词人
《窦娥冤》 关汉卿 文学常识：
关汉卿，号已斋叟，元代杂剧的代表作家。语言被称为“本色派之首”，与郑光祖、白朴、马致远共称“元曲四大家”，且居寺大家之首。主要作品：《窦娥冤》、《救风尘》、《望江亭》、《单刀会》等。其中《窦娥冤》被称为世界十大悲剧之一。
马致远《汉宫秋》，白朴《梧桐雨》，郑光祖《倩女离魂》 元曲有散曲及元杂剧组成，其中散曲分为小令及套数两种。主旨：
塑造了：“窦娥”这个悲剧主人公形象，使其成为元代被压迫、被剥削、被损害的妇女的代表，成为元代社会底层善良、坚强而走向反抗的奴女的典型。写作手法：想想、夸张的艺术手法。《寿阳曲·远浦帆归》 马致远 《山坡羊·潼关怀古》 张养浩 《长亭送别》 王实甫
高二（下）
《故都的秋》 郁达夫
郁达夫：现代小说家、散文家。主要作品：短篇小说《沉沦》、《春风沉醉的晚上》。向封建道德大胆挑战，有一定的积极意义，但也带颓废情绪。散文以游记著称，情景交融，文笔优美，自成一家。
中心思想：抒发了赞美、眷恋孤独自然风物的真情，流露出深远的忧思和孤独感。写作手法：以情寓景，以景显情，情景交融，浑然一体。故都秋的特点：清、静、悲凉。《晨昏诺日朗》 赵丽宏 《瓦尔登湖》 梭罗(*)有思想性，在美国19世纪散文中独树一帜。
书中记录了梭罗独自一人在瓦尔登湖畔自食其力，过一种原始简朴但又诗意盎然的生活的情景及所思所悟。其中对工业文明的反省常常令人拍案叫绝。它反观自然，由大自然的心灵奇景体悟到生命的意义，借此提升现实生活的品质，是现代文明社会另类的修行。
写景手法的多样化，远景、近景，全景、微景，动景、静景，无不具备，许多贴切生动的比喻也为景物描写增色不少。
本文描写了瓦尔登湖的美丽的湖光水色，抒发了作者观景时的丰富感受，表达了皈依大自然的心愿。《守财奴》
巴尔扎克
巴尔扎克：十九世纪法国伟大的批判现实主义作家，欧洲批判现实主义文学的奠基人和杰出代表。他的小说集总称为《人间喜剧》。代表作：《欧也妮·葛朗台》、《高老头》。
四大吝啬鬼：夏洛克（莎士比亚《威尼斯商人》）、泼留希金（果戈里《死灵魂》）、阿巴贡（莫里哀《悭吝人》）、老葛朗台（巴尔扎克《欧也妮·葛朗台》）
人物形象：葛朗台是一个贪婪、吝啬、狡诈、卑鄙的守财奴、金钱狂，是一个爱财如命、至死不变的有产者。这个形象深刻地揭示了资本主义社会中人与人之间赤裸裸的金钱关系，暴露了资本主义社会的罪恶。
《关汉卿》 田汉
田汉：现代戏剧家
号东篱 字希孟，号云庄 选自《西厢记》
梭罗：美国著名作家，毕业于哈佛大学。他被称为自然随笔的创始者，其文简练有力，朴实自然，富 7
《别了，哥哥》 殷夫 有《血字》组诗。
写作特色：它是决绝的反叛之歌，更是对于真理的激情的礼赞。但这首诗没有当时许多革命诗歌标语花、口号化的通病，而是一首能够从情感上打动人的诗篇，能把“手足之情”与“阶级仇恨”两种对立情感交织在一起表现。
《别了，哥哥》是一首向自己的哥哥告别的诗，也是一首向自己出身的阶级告别的诗，还是一首坚定的走向自己理想的诗；其实，更是一首告别富贵和平庸走向真理和伟大的诗。这是诗歌昭示的多重内涵。它不同于一般告别诗的别后相思相期，而是一种理性的背道而驰。它更不同于一般告别诗的止于个人的情感的流露，而是一个群体、一个阶级的真情宣言。《拿来主义》 鲁迅
主张，指出正确对待文化遗产的必要性。
写作特色：以小见大。比喻论证，对比论证。鲁迅杂文的特点：
1.形象说理、比喻论证、就近去譬 2.篇幅短小、写法灵活 3.擅长反语（犀利，暗藏讽刺）
4.有现实针对性、及时性（是“应时的文字”）《胡同文化》 汪曾祺 《南州六月荔枝丹》 甲祖璋 《廉颇蔺相如列传》 司马迁
汪曾祺：现当代作家
代表作：《受戒》 科学小品
字子长，西汉史学家、文学家、思想家
中心思想：批判国民党反动政府的卖国政策，批判对待文化遗产的错误态度，阐明对文化遗产的正确
殷夫：现代诗人，“左联五烈士”之一，现代“普罗诗歌”（无产阶级诗歌）成就最高的诗人。代表作《史记》是我国最早的纪传体通史，“四史”之一，“列传”是《史记》中的一种体例，用以记叙天子、诸侯以外的人的事迹，其他还有本纪、世家、书、表。《谏太宗十思疏》 魏征
“疏”是臣子向帝王分条陈述意见的一种文体。《<新序>二则》 刘向 《新序》、《说苑》、《楚辞》。《训俭示康》 司马光 《过秦论》 贾谊 《师说》 韩愈 与柳宗元并称“韩柳”。
这是韩愈的代表作之一，文章针对当时士大夫耻于从师的恶劣社会风气，阐述了师的作用和标准，从师学习的重要性和从师应持的态度，提倡能者为师、不耻下问、教学相长。这些精辟的见解还突破了孔子学说的框框，因有进步的一面，在当时是具有移风易俗影响的。《石钟山记》 苏轼
文章通过记叙作者对石钟山得名由来的探究，说明要认识事物的真相必须“目见耳闻”，切忌主观臆断的道理。通过记游来说明道理，叙议紧密结合，前后呼应，事、理浑然一体，与一般游记不同，不重山川风物的描绘，而重在因事说理。
写作特点：全文由思而行，由感而发，缘事寓理，夹叙、夹议，记叙、描写、议论、抒情环环相扣，浑然一体，率性而至，毫无雕琢痕迹，行文简洁而又随笔挥洒，轻快自如，写得颇有情致。是为因事说理的千古名篇。
字君实，北宋文学家、史学家，主编《资治通鉴》 西汉文学家、政论家，人称贾长沙，代表作《吊屈原赋》
刘向：字子政。西汉经学家、目录学家、文学家。所撰《别录》，为我国目录学之祖。
唐代文学家、政治家
韩愈：字退之，谥文，世称韩文公，又称韩昌黎、韩吏部，“唐宋八大家”之一，唐代古文运动领袖。8
《劝学》 荀子
荀子：名况，战果末期思想家，儒家学派
主旨：本篇分别从学习的重要性、学习的态度以及学习的内容和方法等方面，全面而深刻地论说了有关学习的问题。强调学习的作用，提倡虚心求教、学无止境、循序渐进、坚持不懈、专心致志。
写作特色：
1、本文篇幅虽长，但层次井然。全文说理深入，结构严谨，代表了先秦论说文成熟阶段的水平。
2、文章在语言运用上，长短句并用，对偶排比句兼行，匀称而又错落有致。读来朗朗上口，富于音乐节奏美。
3、在论说过程中，使用了大量的比喻来说明道理，使人易于接受。
高三（上）
《雨巷》 戴望舒 丁香姑娘的象征意义：
1、以花喻人是古人的传统。丁香是传统的意象。古诗中的丁香是愁怨的化身。戴望舒笔下的丁香则突出了它的芬芳、颜色，从而成为美好的代称。
2、丁香姑娘她美丽、高洁、飘缈、哀怨，象征着诗人对理想，人生信念的追求，甚至可以象征着一切值得追求的美丽的事物，也可以说象征了美好但空虚、易幻灭的事物。意象的多义性决定了主题的多义性，这是现代派诗歌的特点。
情感：凄婉、哀怨、迷茫而又满怀期待的情怀
主旨：作于1927年，运用了象征性的意象创造意境，抒发了作者找不到革命前途而彷徨迷茫，感伤痛苦的情绪。
.《荷塘月色》朱自清
作者：朱自清，原名自华，字佩弦，号秋实。1948年8月病逝于北京。他是诗人、散文家、学者，又是民主战士、爱国知识分子。毛泽东称他“表现我们民族的英雄气概”。著作写照。
主旨：通过在月下荷塘静谧幽美的景色中独处的心理描述，折射出对**现实的不满，对纷扰世俗生活的无奈，抒发对和平宁静生活的向往。
情感线索：走出家门 →
荷塘
→回到现实
不宁静
→ 宁静(优美、朦胧)→不宁静 淡淡的哀愁→淡淡的喜悦→淡淡的哀愁
.《荷花淀》 孙犁
“荷花淀派”创始人
主旨：小说以抗日根据地人民的抗日生活为背景,描述了以水生嫂为代表的白洋淀青年妇女逐步由普通劳动者成长为机智勇敢的抗日游击战士的过程,表现抗日根据地人民热爱生活,热爱祖国的精神。
写作特点：情节淡化、环境诗化、意境实化； 诗体小说：将小说的故事性、艺术形象、文学性融合。小说三要素：人物、情节(开端、发展、高潮、结局)、环境
关于荷花淀派：作者追求散文格调，追求诗歌的意境，淡雅疏朗的诗情与朴素清新的泥土气息的结合。《<宽容>序言》 房龙 动势力压制新思想的罪恶。
表现手法：象征
“序”分为书序、赠序，本文为书序。《<激流>总序》 巴金
巴金，原名李尧棠，字芾甘。主要著作有《灭亡》、《激流》三部曲、《寒夜》、散文集《随想录》等。《激流》三部曲：《家》《春》《秋》；爱情三部曲：《雾》《雨》《电》
写作特色：象征手法（用特定的、易引起联想的物象，来表现抽象的、不便表达的意义。）《激流》三部曲：表现了青年一代向往自由，摆脱束缚的追求。
以寓言故事作为序言
主旨：用具体的人、物象征抽象的思想、情感、精神，倡言思想的解放，主张对异见的宽容，谴责反
“雨巷诗人”
《人因为思想而伟大》 帕斯卡尔 因此，我们的全部尊严就在于思想。
欧洲三大经典散文集：帕斯卡尔《思想录》、蒙田《蒙田随笔集》、培根《培根论人生》 《世间最美的坟墓》 茨威格
托尔斯泰：俄国著名作家，代表作有《战争与和平》、《安娜•卡列尼娜》、《复活》等
主旨：以托尔斯泰墓的朴素与墓主人的伟大作对比，展现了托尔斯泰不求名声，无意让人凭吊，追求朴素自然的的幸福观与人生观，表达了对托尔斯泰的敬意。
大音希声、大象无形，表面的“无”中蕴涵着深刻的“有”。《老人与海》 海明威
1954年因《老人与海》获诺贝尔文学奖。
“硬汉精神”：处于困境、绝望、危险、死亡面前时勇往直前，顽强拼搏、永不低头的无畏的可贵精神。
桑提亚哥：勇敢、自信的化身
主旨：小说通过大量的内心独白，展现了84天未钓到鱼的老人圣地亚哥永不屈服，永不放弃的“硬汉”形象，是一个胜利的失败者，一个失败的英雄。《未有天才之前》鲁迅
本文是鲁迅先生 1924年在北京师范大学附属中学校友会上所作的一篇著名的演讲，收入他的文集《坟》。青年学生容易被社会浮躁之风浸染，好高骛远、不切实际，鲁迅先生在演讲中号召年轻人要甘于当“泥土”，在当今时代亦有其现实意义。主旨：良好的环境造就人才。
在当时产生不出天才的原因：
1、整理国学和崇拜创作
2、恶意批评 《采薇》 《诗经》
归家戍边战士途中的所思所感
《诗经》：305篇，又称《诗》、《诗三百》，我国第一部诗歌总集。诗经六义：风雅颂（内容）、赋比兴（表现手法）
主旨：以比兴，重章叠唱等手法反映征戍之苦，思乡之情，对时光流逝，生命消耗的哀伤，对家人的牵挂忧虑。同时又有为国征战，赴死疆场的爱国主义。《归去来兮辞》 陶渊明
形式：寓情于景，情景交融，双声叠韵
主旨：描绘闲适的田园生活，表达作者对田园生活、大自然的赞美；厌恶官场，对现实无声的反抗；对归隐生活的向往；乐安天命，闲适超脱的生活态度。《陈情表》 李密
字令伯，一名虔
《陈情表》为西晋李密写给晋武帝的奏章。文章叙述祖母抚育自己的大恩，以及自己应该报养祖母的大义；除了感谢朝廷的知遇之恩以外，又倾诉自己不能从命的苦衷，真情流露，委婉畅达。有“读李密《陈情表》不流泪者不孝”的说法。
表：古代奏章的一种，多用于臣向君陈请谢贺。
语言特色：整散结合，错落有致，多用四字连用、排比句，语势连贯，节奏紧凑，将作者对祖母的感情、忠孝两难之情表达得淋漓尽致。《月夜》 杜甫 《夜雨寄北》 李商隐
少陵野老、杜少陵、杜工部、诗圣 字义山，号玉谿生 赏析：诗从对面写起，别具匠心，表达的情感曲折有致，更加委婉深厚，具有强烈的艺术感染力。语言特色：朴素直白，简洁易懂，打破了近体使用字重复的大忌，刻意重复“巴山夜雨”的意象
字元亮，一说名潜、字渊明，世称靖节先生
内容：表达了作者对官场的厌恶和鄙视，以及对美好田园生活的向往和热爱。
海明威：美国作家，著有长篇小说《永别了，武器》、《丧钟为谁而鸣》，中篇小说《老人与海》等，人显然是因为思想而生的。人只不过是一根芦苇，是自然界最脆弱的东西；但他是一根能思想的芦苇。10
《水调歌头》 苏轼
上阕：入世与出世的矛盾——热爱生活、热爱人生，放不下人间疾苦
下阕：月亮（人有悲欢离合，月有阴晴圆缺，此事古难全）——难以十全十美；理智与情感的矛盾 《秦晋殽之战》 左丘明《左传》
《左转》：即《左氏春秋传》简称。编年体史书。相传为春秋末年鲁国史官左丘明所撰。《春秋三传》即《左氏春秋传》《春秋公羊传》、《春秋谷梁传》，合称“春秋三传”。《鸿门宴》 司马迁《史记》 《苏武传》 班固《汉书》 第一部纪传体断代史。
表现手法：语言、动作描写，细节描写，对比反衬，环境烘托 《伶官传序》 欧阳修《新五代史》
纪传体 断代史 《史记》：第一部纪传体通史。十表、八书、十二本纪、三十世家、七十列传。
选自《汉书》。班固（32-92），字孟坚，东汉扶风安陵（今陕西咸阳）人，著名史学家。《汉书》是我国欧阳修：字永叔，号醉翁、六一居士。北宋史学家、文学家。唐宋八大家之一。
通过对后唐庄宗得天下、失下天的典型事例，阐述了国家盛衰主要是由人事的道理。作者作此序是为了告戒当时北宋王朝执政者：要吸取历史教训，居安思危，防微杜渐，不应满足表面的虚荣。论证方法：例证、引证、对比论证
第二篇：高一至高三英语课文经典句子及重点词组归纳
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首高一至高三英语课文经典句子及重点词组归纳
1—2(BII): 1.This is the first time that I have ever tasted this kind of food.(It is the first time that„)
2.Only in this way can you learn English well.(Only in this way can/will/„sb.do sth.倒装)3.There is not much point in working on my PhD.(There is no point in doing„)4.In this book, Hawking explains both what it means to be a scientist and how science works.5.People who listen to Hawking’s lectures sometimes find it difficult to understand him.3—4(BII): 6.Reading is to the mind what food is to the body.(A is to B what C is to D)7.She thought I was talking about her daughter while I was talking about my daughter.(„while„)
8.These coins are of different sizes and shapes.(be of + n.)9.No matter how well translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost.(No matter„)
10.When he woke up , he found himself lost in the forest.(find oneself„)
11.Seen from the top, it looks as if the stadium is covered by a gray net of steel, and it looks just like a bird’s nest made of tree branches.12.The great moment for European literature to come to China is between 1910 and late 1930s when famous writers such as Lu Xun and Guo Moruo translated both poetry and novels into Chinese.5—6(BII): 13.It is only a matter of time before the police get/catch the thief.(It is a matter of „)14.It was not until twelve o’clock that I went to bed last night.(It is not until „ that „)
15.Can you tell me what your school is like?(What something is like „)16.The news that our team has won the game is true.(同位语that-clause)17.I love singing, while my brother likes playing computer games.(„while„)18.Between Britain and Ireland, in the Irish Sea, lies the small Isle of Man.19.The Internet also makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers and companies in other countries.(make/find/think/consider/feel it adj.for sb.to do sth.)
7—8(BII): 20.Should they have patience, they could do the work well.21.It’s high time that they got down to doing the homework.选资源互助社区
taoti.tl100.com 你的首22.If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.(主从时间不一致)23.If we were to panic, we would not be able to help.24.A.She treats the boy as if he were her own son.B.He talks as if he had been to the moon.C.He talks as if he would go to the moon.9—10(BII): 25.She is content with what the representatives from the world summarized at the Earth Summit.(be content with)26.The United Nations held a meeting that society should be in harmony with nature.(in harmony with)27.Upon/On arrival, the specialist advised the AIDS patient to calm down.(upon/on n./doing sth.;advise sb.to do sth.)28.The specialist advised the AIDS patient to calm down immediately he arrived.(immediately/directly = as soon as 后接从句)29.Hardly/No sooner had the specialist arrived when/than he advised the AIDS patient to calm down.(Hardly/No sooner had sb.done sth.when/than sb.did sth.)30.Had I known that air conditioners cause so much pollution, I would never have bought one.31.And poverty is less of a problem and people are better educated, there is a good chance that we will see less violence and fewer wars.(There is a chance that„;Chances are that„)
11—12(BII): 32.Her brilliant parents have had a great effect on her, so she has made many breakthroughs in the field of science.33.It is believed that practice makes perfect.34.Not all people can aim their guns at the targets.= All people can not aim their guns at the targets.35.It is this fiction that reminds me of my childhood.36.Whatever(No matter how)happens, we must keep calm.37.In their efforts to survive, they find themselves on the surface of the monster itself, which turns out to be a submarine.38.One of the mottos for the park----“Relying on science, technology, and knowledge to increase economic power”----makes it clear that science and business can and must work together to build the future.13----14(BII): 39.Where was it that the road accident happened yesterday? 40.It will take a lot of courage to tell the truth.41.There was a time when this village used to be very quiet.42.Go and ask tom for whatever you need/want.选资源互助社区
taoti.tl100.com 你的首43.Even though the pure water is what gives sea water its main properties, the salinity of sea affects both its weight and freezing point.44.What all these people have in common is that they ask to be treated with respect, share the right to work, good housing conditions and education, and be treated equally to other people, regardless of race, religion or sex.15----16(BII): 45.There is no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has already been settled.46.Should it rain(Were it to rain)tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Great Wall.47.I don’t mind her making fun of me.48.While I don’t like biology, I find it interesting.49.Take this opportunity please, and I guarantee(that)you won’t regret it.50.I guarantee to pay off my debts/that I will pay off my debts.51.They guarantee this machine to work for four years.17—18(BII): 52.It takes many years for the ecosystem to recover.(=It takes somebody some time to do something.)53.Young people are often compared to the rising sun at 8 or 9 o’clock in the morning.54.The news of their secret wedding soon got around.= The news that they got married secretly soon got around.= The news soon got around that they got married secretly.55.Now that you like the car so much, why not drive it back? 56.People like Xiao Wen and many other disabled people in our country have taught us the importance of giving everybody a chance to receive education.57.We do cut and paste, but we don’t use scissors or glue.19—20(BII): 58.We may as well have a try and see if it can be done.59.In terms of money they are quite rich, but not in terms of happiness.60.We sometimes tend to think that the ocean bottom is made up of smooth plains.61.It’s useless/no use to pretend/pretending that you didn’t know the truth.62.It was four o’clock in the afternoon when he and his grandpa reached the museum in Guanghan, where an official warmly received then.63.I’d like to know more about life as it was two hundred years ago.64.It is possible that the King of Stonehenge was linked to the stones: he may have had a hand in planning the monument, or in helping transport and pull up the stones.(might/could)
1—4(BIII): 65.The elephant is about 14 times the weight of an adult.(A is/was „ times the size/length/height/depth/width„of B)
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首66.What do you think has happened to him? 67.During holidays, some like staying at home while others like traveling.68.He made it a rule to get up at 6:30 every day.69.Only in this way can you solve the problem.Only then did I realize that I was wrong.70.Impressive as the record is, it fades away next to the story of Armstrong’s struggle against diseases.71.They had no idea what they were up against.72.The X Games are like the Olympic Games for sports that are less familiar to us than sports like football and basketball.5—8(BIII): 73.He was more mad than excited.74.We did what/all we could to help her.75.The reason why we were late was that our car didn’t come.76.Every/Each time I came to the city I always called on Mr.Smith.77.The more I get to know him, the better I like him.78.What kind of words do you think you would need to talk about advertising advertisements? 79.Lying around them were chains, guns, tools, bedding, clothing and many other articles.9—12(BIII): 80.Not only do they speak the same language(but)they also share a number of social customs.81.I knew the news long before you told me.82.Those who are diagnosed with lung cancer, as is the case with Wang Mingxiang, need operating on immediately.83.He sat there as if he were reading a novel.84.It wasn’t until he came here that I knew the truth.85.To make matters/things worse, Wang also had a son in college who had taken a bank loan to pay for his studies.(even worse, worse still)86.They can’t afford to consult a doctor or purchase medicines from a chemist when they got sick, nor can they make sure that their children keep a healthy diet.13—16(BIII): 87.We have no choice but to wait here.88.The further we walked into the forest, the more excited we became.89.We went without breakfast.90.It will be long before your father comes back from the USA.91.The instant/moment I did it I knew I had made a mistake.(minute, second)92.After designing more experiments, they were able to clarify the procedure by which bees communicate information that they use to find and fetch food.选资源互助社区
taoti.tl100.com 你的首93.They use the same senses as we do and their feet and hands are similar to ours, except that Chimpanzees still have opposable toes and grasp things with their feet.高一英语课文必背经典句子200句
1.I hate hiking and I'm not into classical music.2.I surf the Internet all the time and I like playing computer games.3.Rock music is OK, and so is skiing.4.Chuck is a businessman who is always so busy that he has little time for his friends.5.One day Chuck is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes.6.He realizes that he hasn’t been a very good friend because he has always been thinking about himself.7.Chuck learns that we need friends to share happiness and sorrow, and that it is important to have someone to care about.8.When he makes friends with Wilson, he understand that friendship is about feelings and that we must give as much as we take.9.The lesson we can learn from Chuck and all the others who have unusual friends is that friends are teachers.10.I found the bathroom, but I didn’t find what I was looking for.11.Don’t forget to buy me some ketchup on your way back.12.There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English.13.In total, for more than 375 million people English is their mother tongue.14.In China students learn English at school as a foreign language, except for those in Hong Kong, where many people speak English as a first or a second language.15.In only fifty years, English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world.16.With so many people communicating in English every day ,it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.17.For a long time the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed.18.In the same way Americans still use the expression “I guess “(meaning “I think”),just as the British did 300 years ago.19.At the same time, British English and American English started borrowing words from other languages ,ending up with different words.20.Except for these differences in spelling, written English is more or less the
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首same in both British and American English.21.However,most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.22.Many people travel because they want to see other countries and visit places that are famous, interesting or beautiful.23.Many of today’s travelers are looking for an unusual experience and adventure travel is becoming more and more popular.24.Instead of spending your vacation on a bus, in a hotel or sitting on the beach, you may want to try hiking.25.Hiking is fun and exciting, but you shouldn’t forget safety.26.A raft is a small boat that you can use to paddle down rivers and streams.27.If you want a normal rafting trip, choose a quiet stream or river that is wide and has few fallen trees or rocks.28.The name “whitewater “comes from the fact that the water in these streams and rivers looks white when it moves quickly.29.As with hiking ,you should always think about your safety and wear good clothes.30.Jane and Betty are going on separate holidays in a few days’ time.31.When are you off to Guangzhou? 32.My plane leaves at seven, so I think we’ll take a taxi.33.See you when I get back.34.The next moment the first wave swept her down, swallowing the garden.35.Now ,the water, which was cold as ice and flowed faster than a river, was above her knees.36.Jeff and Flora looked into each other’s face with a look of fright.37.Flora,whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.38.Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.39.The garden that was once so beautiful was completely destroyed, swept away by the wild water.40.I found some photos of interesting places which were not too far away from Chengdu.41.He told me that I could go on a two-day trip to Leshan and Emei, which wasn’t too expensive.42.First,we went to Leshan, where we climbed all the way up the mountain to see the Buddha.6
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首43.Looking up at the large head and down at the large feet makes you feel so small.44.Wei Bin took photos of us standing in front of the Buddha.45.Steven Spielberg, whose mother was a music teacher, was born in 1946 in a small town in America.46.In 1959 Spielberg won a prize for a film which he made when he was thirteen years old.47.The reason why he could not go there was that his grades were too low.48.Here he worked on a short film, which won him a job as the youngest film director in the world.49.This was the moment when Spieberg’s career really took off.50.It is about a big white shark that attacks swimmers who are spending their holidays in a small village by the sea.51.Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.52.Spielberg has made two films about creatures that come to the earth from outer space.53.For example , ET(1982)is about a young boy called Elliott who makes friends with a small creature from outer space and helps him to find a way to go home.54.Jurassic Park, which Spielberg made in 1993,is about a park where a very rich man keeps different kinds of dinosaurs.55.In his war films, he has shown that love and peace will win over war in the end.56.Steven Spielberg is one of the top directors in the film industry and also has many fans in China.57.When asked about the secret of his success, Steven Spielberg said that he owes much of his success and happiness to his wife and children.58.He met Cate Capshaw, who is an actress, when he was working on one of his films.59.After that it still took seven years before they finally got married.60.Mr Gao, the only teacher of the Shuiquan Primary School, has to stay away for a month to take care of his sick mother.61.The most important thing for young Minzhi is not to lose any more pupils from the school---NOT ONE LESS—before Mr.Gao returns!62.She tries to keep the students in the classroom by locking them up in the classroom and running after those who escape.63.Minzhi wants to go to town, but she can’t afford to buy a bus ticket.7
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首64.She wants them to let her appear live on the air, hoping that Huike will see her.65.Many people like this not just because the story itself is moving, but also because most of the people in the film use their real names and play themselves.66.I guess it wasn’t really your fault, was it?
67.People who go to a formal Western dinner party for the first time may be surprised by table manners in Western culture.68.Having good table manners means knowing ,for example, how to use knives and forks, when to drink a toast and how to behave at the table.69.The knife and fork that are closest to your plate are a little bit bigger than the ones beside them.70.In China, you sometimes get a hot, damp cloth to clean your face and hands, which ,however, is not the custom in Western countries.71.When drinking to someone’s health, you raise your glasses, but the glasses should not touch.72.Although good manners always make you look good, you do not need to worry about all these rules while having dinner with your friends or family.73.It is true that many of the world’s greatest cities have been built on the banks of a river.74.We will do everything we can to save our city.75.Pieces of the palaces that had been hidden before the Nazis came could be used to build the city and its culture.76.With the help of old paintings and photographs, the people of St Petersburg were able to bring back the beauty of their culture and history.77.Old paintings, including a portrait of Peter the Great which was found in the snow outside St Petersburg, have been carefully recreated, and the old palaces have been made as wonderful as in the past.78.Today Peter the Great on his bronze horse can once again look out over the city he built.79.Strong, proud and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia.80.Some of the games in which the young men completed were: running, jumping and wrestling.81.In Sydney the Chinese team got 28 gold medals, ranking third of the competing countries.8
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首82.Many of the Chinese medals were won in diving and gymnastics and also in events such as weightlifting and shooting.83.Following the history-making success in the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games, China won another great competition in 2001 which was not for a medal.84.The people of Beijing.and of the whole country, will be preparing to light the Olympic torch to welcome athletes and sports fans from all over the world.85.Wang Mei puts her hand into her pocket,takes out her red cellphone and presses the talk key.86.Cellphones, or mobile phones ,make it possible for us to talk to anyone from anywhere.87.New functions are being added to the phones.88.The latest cellphones have features such as games ,music and an electronic calendar that will remind you about appointments and important dates.89.The students obey the rules and agree not to use their phones in the classroom.90.The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no matter where we are or what we are doing.91.Having a cellphone also makes us feel safer, since we can call for help in case of an emergency.92.She says that her cellphone helps her do whatever she wants to do and still stay in touch with her parents and friends.93.” I think it’s the most useful invention ever “Wang Mei says as she is dialling the number to Xiao Li again to ask her what she will be wearing to school tomorrow.94.Wang Mei calls her best friend Xiao Li at least once a day to see how she is doing and what is going on.95.Once,the earth was a beautiful blue planet where people lived happily among trees and animals.96.The human beings have been able to keep a small, secret school open since the machines took over.97.Now, the leader has asked a group of students to do what they can to save the earth.98.Instead, the students have decided to come up with a peaceful solution.99.Steve Jones is an environmental expert who tries to keep animals and plants from becoming endangered.100.We often talk about how important it is to take care of ourselves and our planet, 9
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首but we don’t always do as we say.101.Many of the earth’s plants and animals have already died out, and several other species are endangered.102.If we want to live a better life and have a bright future, we must learn to act in ways that do not harm other living things.103.If we know more about what causes endangerment ,we may be able to take measures before it is too late.104.A species can become endangered for different reasons.105.Animals and plants must have a habitat, or home, which is comfortable and clean, and where there is enough food and other resources.106.They are all used to their environment;that is ,they have learnt how to live successfully in their habitat.107.Experts tell us that we need to think about what we can do to keep animals and plants from becoming endangered.108.Professor Stevenson explained to the students that the milu deer had been very common in China a long time ago, but it disappeared during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.109.What we hear on the radio or see on TV is only a small part of all the wonderful music that is waiting for us.110.People have been playing the blues for many years , but the music has kept many of its characteristics.111.Hip-top music often combines parts of other styles to create music that will help people hear new things in old music.112.Latin music –music that uses traditional styles from Latin America—has spread all over the world.113.The blues comes from African songs that people used to sing when they worked and during festivals.114.There is a wide variety of new music to be discovered in every corner of the world, so the next time you look for a tape or a CD, don’t just look for Chinese or American music—open your ears to the sounds of the world.115.They play music to satisfy their inner desire.116.They do not think how much money they can make from a song;instead, they sing for their emotions and live for music.117.The process of making rock music, however, is totally different.10
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首118.You must believe in what you do and who you want to succeed in the world –the magical world of Hogwarts and the real one.119.If only they could find a way to get to the room, or whatever it was, behind the wall.120.Our eating habits have changed, as has our way of life, and the fuel we need for our bodies is also different.121.If we want to keep up with the high pace of modern life, we had better learn to make the right choices about what and how we eat.122.When we choose what to buy and eat, we had better think whether the food will give us the nutrients we need.123.Vitamins, which we can get from eating vegetables, fruit, fish and drinking milk, help our body fight disease.124.Many people today make choices about their eating habits based on what they believe.125.Organic vegetables are those that are grown without chemicals that can be harmful to human beings or the environment.126.Because we have so much to choose from, many companies and stores offer advice about what we should eat.127.The best way to make sure that we will feel and look fine is to develop healthy eating habits.128.Only in that way will we be ready fro the challenges and opportunities in life.129.I am a little nervous about, because I am not sure how I should behave at the dinner table.130.The week following Christmas Day, many African—American families get together to greet the new year and think about the past.131.Kwanzaa was born in 1966, when people created a new festival so that African Americans would be able to celebrate their history and culture.132.We must do as much as we can to make our community better and more beautiful.133.Since Kwanzaa is a time for learning as well as joy, people celebrate it by lighting a candle each day and discussing one of the seven principles of Kwanzaa.134.Each time we celebrate a festival it changes a little and in that way we keep our culture alive.135.Peter played a trick on Carol and she wouldn’t talk to him for two days.They made peace after Peter treated her to a nice lunch.11
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首136.It is a reminder that we need to care about the world we live in and that we should learn to respect life and nature.137.The best trick is one that makes everyone laugh, including the “fool”.138.Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a necklace of yours? 139.I can’t be the only woman who isn’t wearing jewellery.140.I saw a lovely diamond necklace with a big blue stone in the center.141.Pierre and I did have a very good time at the ball.But that was the last moment of happiness in our lives.142.On our way home that night I looked down and saw that the necklace was not around my neck any more.143.If we work together, we might come up with a very good story.144.The student is on her way to school and she meets a girl that looks exactly like her.145.IN the 18th century, Benjamin Franklin conducted a number experiments in which he showed what electricity is.146.Having realized that I could use a kite to attract lightning, I decided to do an experiment.147.When the first thunderstorm came, I took my condenser to a shed in the fields where I could do my experiment.148.Tie the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross, and you will have a nice strong kite.149.This ribbon, which must not get wet, will protect you from the electricity.150.British law says that every new drug must be tested on at least two different kinks of animals, such as mice or dogs.151.Scientists say that if a medicine works with animals, there is a very high chance that it also works with people.152.There is no doubt that 100 years ago animal testing was cruel but today animals in experiments are very well taken care of.153.It has often been said that life is difficult as it is.For women it sometimes twice as difficult.154.On the third day I was struggling through stormy weather and during the next week the wind grew stronger and I found myself spending a whole day in my tent.155.Changes were just around the corner.12
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首156.I had traveled only two hours one day when the winds increased so much that I had to put my tent up before the winds became too strong.157.I was thankful for all the training I had had.158.I was so optimistic that I decided that the next day, I would increase my workday to 12 hours.159.Lying on the ice, I would soon die.I struggled to my knees knowing that somehow I had to put my tent up for shelter.160.It is an experience I shall never forget and shall value for the rest of my life.161.In her television shows she makes it possible to talk about great moments and difficulties in people’s lives.She has helped thousands of men and women come to terms with things that bother them and that they could not talk about with others.162.She is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.163.It was a time in which many sad things happened to her.164.In 1984, she moved to Chicago, where she became the host of a talk show called “AM Chicago”.165.Her life shows us that hard work and discipline are the road to self—improvement, and success lies somewhere along the road.166.When I grow up I hope to be just as successful as you are.167.New Zealand is an island that lies off the eastern coast of Australia.It is make up of two large islands: North Island and South Island.168.The ocean and seas surrounding the islands are deep blue and many of New Zealand’s cities lie on a bay and have a natural deep harbor.169.The North Island is famous fro an area of hot springs, some of which throw hot water high into the air.170.There are many plants and animals that only live in New Zealand.171.More than 120 years later, Capital James Cook took possession of the islands in 1796 and from that time British people started to settle in New Zealand.172.It is a good thing that New Zealand helps the Maori to keep their own language and culture.173.New Zealand has a population of about 3.8 million people, of which about fourteen percent are Maori.174.The majority of the people speak English.However, Maori, which the native language of the Maori people, is also an official language.175.Maori children are taught at an early age what to do when they come the marae.13
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首176.New Zealand wine is of high quality and is sold all over the world.Living in a country with plenty of space and a good climate, New Zealanders love all kinds of sport and outdoor activities.177.Farmers in China have long used techniques such as fertilization and irrigation to make their land produce more.178.To make as much use of the land as possible, two or more crops are planted each year where possible.179.It was from the early 1990s that scientists started to developed new techniques to increase agricultural production without harming the environment.180.Not only is food production important but also taking care of the environment.181.Using the latest technologies, Chinese scientists grow vegetables in greenhouse.182.Today many vegetables are not grown in gardens but in greenhouses where they are protected for the wind, rain and insects.The temperature is controlled with computers, no matter how the weather is outside.183.One of China’s early agricultural scientists was Jia sixie, who lived in the sixth century.184.If you go against nature and do things at the wrong time of year, you will have to do more work and the results will no be so good.185.When you plough the soil, plough deep the first and less deep the second time.186.The best harvest is reached when farmers changed the crops in their fields.187.He said that it is good to grow different plants next to each other in the same field.188.The wisdom of farmers about the weather and farming is collected in many popular proverbs and passed on from generation to generation.189.The actors make us laugh by making fun of somebody’s way of dressing or telling an amusing story.190.It is their clothes, make-up and the way they walk that make people laugh.191.What comedians have in common with the players in a comedy is their way of playing with words.192.Dating back to the Qin Dynasty, the traditional crosstalk show, or xiangsheng shows, have made people all over China roar with laughter for centuries.193.The story of how I got my new job, and come to be on such good terms with my boss is funny one.194.I cycled as fast as I could and saw that the driver in the yellow car was waiting 14
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首at the red light.195.I told him that he was a danger to other people on the road.196.Drive carefully so that everyone can enjoy a long life.197.There was a woman who was the boss of the office in which I wanted to work.198.I was pleased that the manager had decided to be angry with me for having been so rude.199.We can learn a lot about what a person is thinking by watching his or her body language.200.Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture.201.While there are many different interpretation of our body language, some gestures seem to be universal.202.If we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than to see the smiling face of a good friend.203.The father must have said something encouraging because the boy finally got up and made a good speech.204.Unlike traditional amusement parks, theme parks often want to teach visitors something.205.What they all have in common is that they combine fun with opportunity t learn something.206.Theme parks try to make sure that visitors leave knowing more about their theme.207.Having enjoyed the rides at the Headland, visitors can take the shuttle to the Lowland.208.Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.209.The parks are becoming more advanced and new technology allows us to experience almost anything without actually being in danger or risking injury.210.Having been told that her daughter got sick, she hurried to the school to take her home.高三英语重点短语与句型汇编(1--8单元)Units 1－2 Ⅰ.重要短语
1.in the first place 首先；第一；原先 2.set down 记下；写下
3.burst into sth.突然而猛烈地发出或产生某事物
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首4.centre on/upon 将某人（某事物）当作中心或重点 5.concentrate on 专心致志于 6.Tour de France 环法自行车赛
7.keep track of 追踪；掌握„„的线索；保持对„„的联系 8.stand out 突出；出色
9.be diagnosed with...被确诊患有„„（疾病）10.in a row 连续地，一连串地
11.lead sb.in doing sth.致使某人做某事 12.apply for 提出申请（或要求等）
13.make for 走向；向„„前进；有利于，有助于；倾向于 14.get a better understanding of...更充分地理解„„ 15.head down to...向„„进发，动身 16.hang ten（冲浪运动中）作十趾吊 17.in the name of 以„„的名义；代表 18.push on（with sth.）毅然继续（做某事）19.run out of 耗尽；用光
20.apart from...除„„外（尚有）21.set sail（to/from/for...）起航 22.compete for 为„„而竞争 23.in search of 寻找 24.give birth to 生；产生
25.as long as（表示条件）只要„„
26.at the height of 在„„顶点；在（事业等）的高峰 27.for once and always 一劳永逸地 28.be made up of 由„„构成；组成 Ⅱ.重点句型
1.Tian’anmen Square is the largest square in the world with an area of about 40 hectares.（with引导的短语作定语）
2.Impressive as the record is，it fades next to the story of Armstrong’s struggle against disease.（as引导让步状语从句时要倒装）
3.July 13，2001 saw a very bright night in Beijing that will never fade in history.（see在该句中的意思是“目睹；经历”）
4.A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.（一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。）5.It was not until 1874，when a young American explorer followed the Nile from Lake 16
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首Victoria through to Lake Albert，that this part of the river’s course was finally explored.（强调句型）
6.It was believed that the northern coast of this continent lay somewhere in the Pacific Ocean.（It is/was believed that...人们相信„„）Units 3－4 Ⅰ.重要短语
1.as a consequence（of）作为（„„的）结果 2.the Commonwealth of Australia 澳大利亚联邦 3.go walkabout到灌木丛中闲逛 4.break out（指激烈事件）突然发生
5.feed...on给（人或动物）食物；喂养；饲养 6.round up使集合在一起
7.stand for代表，代替；象征，意味着
8.have a strong/great influence on...对„„有重大影响 9.benefit from...从„„受益 10.differ from...和„„不同 11.be fond of喜欢 12.have fun with开玩笑 13.set foot on踏上 14.give birth to生；产生 15.in area在面积上 16.keep out（使）在外 17.all the year round终年
18.have access to接近（或进入）的方法（或权利、机会等）19.on a large scale大规模地；大范围地 20.pass away去世；逝世 21.belong to属于
22.base...on...把„„基于„„ 23.at first sight 乍一看（之下）24.be born into 出身于
25.have an appetite for 爱好„„ 26.look out for 照料，照看„„
27.put together 把„„放在一起；把„„加在一起
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首28.work out 做出；设计出；制订出；算出 29.make contributions to 对„„作出贡献 30.adapt to 适应 Ⅱ.重点句型
1.Many Aborigines and islanders were moved and had their land taken away from them.（have sth.done 结构）
2.Only in this way could the people in Australia build a society of diverse cultures.（倒装句）
3.Some books are to be tasted；others swallowed；and some to be chewed and digested.4.Shanghai is not longer what it used to be.5.It was Joseph Banks who made Kew a centre of scientific and economic research.（强调句，强调句子的 主语，主语为表示人的名词）Units 5-6 Ⅰ.重要短语
1.take into consideration 考虑到，顾及 2.in charge（of）处于控制或支配地位；负责 3.hand in hand 手拉手；密切关联的 4.get across 传播；为人理解 5.appeal to 有吸引力；呼吁；上诉
6.keep an eye out for sb./sth.留心或注意某人或某物 7.make sense 有意义；有道理；讲得通 8.apply...to...运用；应用 9.lose heart 泄气；灰心 10.take it easy 别紧张；放松点
11.keep up 维持；保持；使某事物处于高水平12.common sense 常识；情理 13.leave behind 忘带；留下 14.lose one’s way 迷路 15.come to an end 结束；中止
16.live through sth.经历某事物而幸存 17.tie up 系；拴；捆 18.at stake 在危险中 19.go for 为„„去努力获取
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首20.lose weight 减肥
21.be to blame 该受责备；应负责
22.be upset about...（对„„感到）不安的；不快的；心烦意乱的 23.associate...with...使发生联系；使联合 24.protect...from...保护„„免于„„ 25.be promoted with（用„„手段来）宣传，推销
26.create/form a positive image of 塑造/形成一个正面的形象 27.point out 指出 28.think twice 重新考虑 29.believe in 相信；信仰
30.set off for...出发，动身到„„ 31.be accustomed to习惯于„„ 32.on all fours 匍匐，趴着 33.come to a decision 决定下来
34.come to an agreement 达成一致；达成协议 35.come to a conclusion 告终；下结论 36.take up 拿起；着手处理；开始（从事于）Ⅱ.重点句型
1.Not all ads are used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits.（部分否定）
2.Good advertisements make it possible for companies to introduce new products and increase sales.（make 后接复合宾语）
3.Some companies prefer a well-known word，while others choose names from old stories or legends.（注意该并列连词的词义及用法）
4.It is possible that the reader or viewer will remember the advertisement but not the name of the product.5.In the 1960s，a British car company which made very expensive cars was about to sell its latest car in Germany.6.A young man in our group suggested that I stay behind with the children，and wait for help.（suggest后接宾语从句，从句的谓语动词用“（should）+动词原形”结构）7.No pains，no gains！不劳则无获！Units 7-8 Ⅰ.重要短语
1.care for 喜爱；照顾
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2.leave alone 不管；随„„去 3.in want of 需要
4.close up（尤指暂时）关闭；使*近5.care about 介意„„，在乎，关心 6.safety standards 安全标准 7.working conditions 工作条件 8.social conscience 社会道德 9.a poor excuse 一个差劲的借口 10.bring in 赚入„„；获利
11.be badly-off 生活穷困 12.fall asleep 入睡
13.have no eye for 不关心；不在意 14.far from 远离；一点也不 15.comment on 评论，批评，解释
16.in face of 面对„„，在„„面前，不顾„„ 17.in favor of 支持„„，赞同„„；为有利于„„ 18.in praise of 称赞„„ 19.in hope of 抱着„„的希望 20.in charge of 掌管，负责
21.in memory of 为了纪念；为追悼„„ 22.in honor of 为了纪念 23.in search of 搜寻 24.in need of 需要 25.turn down 拒绝 26.as follows 如下
27.end up in 以„„告终，以„„为结局 28.one by one 一个接一个地；逐个地 29.date back to（时间）追溯到 30.get it wrong 误解
31.on the contrary 相反的是；反而 32.toast to 干杯；祝酒
33.make sense of 弄懂„„的意思 34.in other words 换句话说；换言之
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首35.take risks 冒险
36.experiment with 进行试验；进行实验 37.piles of 一大堆；一大批；一大团 38.fall behind 落后于 39.come across（偶然）遇见 40.make progress 取得进步
41.adjust...to...调整„„；调解„„ 42.as a consequence 因此
43.regardless of 不顾，不管，不拘 44.take place 发生 45.thanks to 多亏了，由于 46.wake up 醒来；叫醒 47.stay up 挺住；坚持不睡觉 48.broaden one’s horizons 开阔眼界 49.in the beginning 开始；起初 Ⅱ.重点句型
1.But make sure to be early in the office the day after！（make sure 后常接从句或of doing sth.）
2.Much good may it do you！
3.If they would rather die，they had better do it.4.It’s not my business.5.My hands are too cold to write.6.Let’s observe another little scene，as you might have in your life to come.（as引导定语 从句）
7.I beg your pardon a thousand times.8.Learning a language is obviously more than memorizing words，phrases and structures.（more than 不仅仅）
9.If you were to spend as many hours studying English，you would make great progress.（虚拟条件句）
10.The less anxious and more relaxed the learner，the better the language acquisition proceeds.（the more...，the more...越„„，越„„）
11.Not all of us want to be translators or interpreters.（部分否定）
12.It is time（that）the bus arrived here to pick up all the passengers.（虚拟语 21
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气的使用）
13.It is high time for us to put an end to this silly argument.高三英语重点短语与句型汇编(9-16单元)Units 9-10 Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语
1.lay off 解雇；不理会；使下岗
2.make matters worse 使情况更困难或更危险 3.get rid of 摆脱
4.make ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出 5.be devoted to 献身„„的；专心于„„的 6.play a role in 在„„中起作用 7.medical treatment 医疗
8.reach a decision 决定下来；下结论 9.aim at 瞄准；针对；目的在于
10.take measures to...采取措施来（做）„„ 11.make a living 谋生 12.depend on 依靠；取决于
13.live on 以„„为主食；靠„„生活
14.prevent...from...阻止，阻挡；制止；妨碍 15.provide...for...为„„提供„„ 16.meet the needs of 满足„„的需要 17.be burdened with...使负重担
18.put pressure on...给„„施压，增添压力 19.state-owned companies 国有企业 20.lose weight 减肥 21.ready-made clothes 成衣 22.make fun of 取笑某人 23.attend to 处理；照顾；关照 24.take pride in 对„„感到自豪 25.do up 打扮；梳妆 26.let down 不支持；使失望 27.at length 最后；终于；详细地 28.at a time 一次
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首29.go far（人）大有前途；成功 30.come into being 形成 31.as to 关于
32.be accused of 被控诉，控告；被指责，谴责 33.set free 使获得自由；释放 34.refer to 参考；涉及；谈到；指的是 35.turn to 转向，变成；求助于 36.adapt to 使适应，使适和 37.get accustomed to 变得习惯于 38.for a moment 片刻；暂时 39.live through 度过；经受住 40.break out in tears 突然大哭起来 41.cut off 切掉；割掉；剪下；切断；隔绝 42.tear at 撕，扯„„ Ⅱ.重点句型
1.What kind of programmes does the WHO run？
2.If I had had insurance，the sickness wouldn’t have caused such a big problem.（虚拟语气）
3.This allowance，however，is only enough to cover the most fundamental needs such as food and clothing.4.They cannot afford to consult a doctor or purchase medicines from a chemist when they get sick，nor can they make sure that their children keep a healthy diet.（部分倒装）
5.It is sometimes said that a society can be judged by the way it cares for its weakest members.（据说）
6.It was not until World War Ⅱ that the importance of Fleming’s discovery was fully recognized.（强调句）
7.She stood by the window and looked out at a grey cat walking along a grey fence in a grey backyard.（表示感觉的动词后接宾语补足语的情况）
8....and she had only $1.87 with which to buy Jim a present.（相当于定语从句的不定式 结构）
9.I had my hair cut off and sold it...（have作使役动词的用法）Units 11－12 Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语
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1.stick with继续支持；保持联系 2.through thick and thin 不顾艰难 3.pull out of从„„中退出 4.cater to满足某种需要或要求
5.for the sake of由于；为了„„的利益 6.in reality事实上；实际上 7.keep an eye on 照料；照管 8.take sth.into account考虑；体谅 9.as a whole 总的说来；作为整体 10.once again再一次
11.live up to依照„„行事；做到；不辜负（期望）12.accept...as...认为„„
13.on one’s own独自，靠自己，独立 14.the majority of大多数；大部分 15.a pie chart饼状图 16.a bar chart柱状图
17.match...to...使„„（和„„）调和，相配 18.be suspected of 被猜疑，被怀疑 19.take measures to...采取措施（做„„）20.be familiar with 对„„熟悉 21.be made up of构成；组成 22.count...as...把„„认为„„ 23.on the other hand 另一方面 24.attach to 伴随„„
25.be aware of 察觉到，感觉到，获悉 26.be suitable for适合做„„
27.guard...against...守护„„（免于„„），保护 28.make the best use of充分利用 29.on the surface 表面上的，外表上 30.as a matter of fact 实际上 31.be satisfied with 对„„满意 32.lose face 失面子
33.by means of以„„，借着„„ 34.put...to use使用，用，利用
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首35.in demand有需要的；吃香的 36.so as to为了，目的是 37.sit for参加（考试）
38.concentrate on 集中；专心；专注 39.to begin with首先；第一；起初
40.drop out（of）（从活动、竞赛等中）退出；辍学 41.result in产生某种作用或结果 42.be skeptical of怀疑 43.take in把（某人）带进；领入 44.rely on依赖；依靠
45.as far as（远）至（某处）；到„„程度 46.lifelong learning 终身学习47.work out解决；计算出；详细拟订 48.have a lot in common有很多共同之处 49.be suited for适合做„„，对„„适宜 Ⅱ.重点句型
1.Not only will these qualities make you rise in the eyes of others,you will also feel better about yourself.（部分倒装）
2.While working there you discover that the management does not take proper measures to ensure hygiene and safety of the food products....（状语从句的省略）
3.What if you feel comfortable about doing a task by yourself？（如果„„怎么样）4.In sports teams each player has a clear role,and there are few occasions when members are confused or uncertain of their roles.（定语从句）
5.It is of great importance for the team and its coach to strike the right balance.（of+抽象名词）
6.As years went by,she worked in many places.（as引导的状语从句）
7.It is well-known that at the age of 17 to 18,many young people dream of going to university....（众所周知）
8.No matter how hard you try,working towards a career for which you are not suitable is not going to get you there.（让步状语从句）
9.It is no use for everybody to try to pursue the same career.（亦可用It is no use doing sth.）
10.In China,as in other countries,the government realizes that the future welfare of their citizens is closely linked to education.（as表示“像”）
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首11....the number of students in some schools is so low that students of several different grades are taught in the same classroom.（主谓一致）
12.Look at the shape of the graph or chart,rather than the details,to spot this.（表示“不顾，而不是”）Units 13－14 Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语
1.take place发生，产生；进行，举行 2.turn down拒绝，不接受 3.be set in以„„为背景 4.pass on传递
5.go wrong不对头，出毛病；失败 6.except for除„„之外；若无 7.be in love with爱上某人 8.learn about听到，获悉
9.take one’s revenge on sb.for sth.因某事向某人报仇 10.break into pieces（使）成为碎片 11.keep...out of使„„置身于外 12.at the time of在„„的时候
13.turn out 结果（是），证明（是），原来（是）14.as for关于，至于 15.at times有时，不时
16.get straight to the point直奔主题 17.varieties of各种各样的
18.to one’s surprise让某人吃惊的是 19.as soon as一„„就„„
20.one after another一个接一个地，连续不断地 21.come to light显露出来，暴露 22.over and over again 23.tell...apart一再；多次；反复 24.get hold of抓住；拿住；握住 25.make a beeline for径直朝„„走去
26.as a matter of fact事实上；说真的；实际上 27.keep in touch保持联系 28.feast on大吃大喝；享受美食
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首29.make a distinction between...and...区分；区别 30.make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通 Ⅱ.重点句型
1.Finally,some Indians in unusual foreign clothes come to the house offering to entertain the guests,....（in表示“穿着，戴着”，后面可以接表示衣物或颜色的名词）
2.Troubled by the loss of such a valuable jewel, Rachel’s mother hires the famous detective to investigate the theft.（过去分词作状语）
3.As the story develops we discover some secrets about the people at the house that night,and the reasons why they might have stolen the diamond.（as引导状语从句，表示时间，意思是“当„„时候”；why引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason；might have +过去分词，表示对过去的可能性的推测）
4.He goes on asking questions about the party and learns about Franklin’s quarrel with Dr.Candy.（go on doing sth.继续做（同一件事情）
5.Rachel is stubborn in resisting his enquiries about the Moonstone to the degree that she makes it seem as if she does not want the mystery to be solved.6.One mistake could have resulted in a huge loss.（虚拟语气）
7.Fortunately he was successful in diving the diamond into nine large jewels.8.It turned out that Godfrey had also seen Franklin move the diamond that night....9....but when she changed her mind he had no choice but to go abroad to sell the diamond.（注意but的用法）
10.You should avoid being too straightforward.（avoid doing sth.）Units 15－16 Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语 1.apply for申请；请求
2.straight away立刻地；毫不犹豫地
3.fit in（with）与„„相适应；与„„相协调 4.hold back退缩；踌躇
5.take a while用一些（一段）时间 6.approve of赞同；赞许
7.have sth.in common with sb.和某人有共同之处 8.take part in参与；参加
9.make contributions to为„„作出贡献
10.Secretary General of the United Nations联合国秘书长
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首11.make a difference有关系；有影响；有意义 12.be eager to do sth.渴望做„„
13.open up打开，张开；开发；开辟；揭露；展现 14.at times有时，不时 15.as a consequence结果；后果 16.be due to 应归于
17.become involved in使卷入，使陷入；拖累 18.make the adjustment to适应于 19.take off脱下；（飞机）起飞 20.put on穿上，戴上
21.be popular with受（某人）欢迎 22.get in touch with和„„取得联系 23.dream of梦想；向往 24.make use of利用
25.set up树立；开办；设立；创立；建立 26.as well as也，又 27.come true实现，达到 28.be up to胜任，适于 Ⅱ.重点句型
1.Mr Zhao is weak and cannot do much for himself without getting breathless and dizzy.（双重否定）
2.I am having a great time doing it.3.Time to have fun and relax,and time for young people to take off their school uniform and put on their favorite casual clothes.（省略。It is time to have fun and relax.）
4.In the UK for example,a recent survey found that 6 out of 10 men and 46% of women regularly wear jeans....（分数表示法）
5.Every time he plays football he is watched by thousands of adoring Becks fans all over the world.（连词，意思是“每次”）
6.Now he is famous for his haircuts and lifestyle as well as for scoring goals.28
第三篇：高一至高三英语课文经典句子及重点
高一至高三英语课文经典句子及重点词组归纳
1—2(BII): 1.This is the first time that I have ever tasted this kind of food.(It is the first time that„)
2.Only in this way can you learn English well.(Only in this way can/will/„sb.do sth.倒装)3.There is not much point in working on my PhD.(There is no point in doing„)4.In this book, Hawking explains both what it means to be a scientist and how science works.5.People who listen to Hawking’s lectures sometimes find it difficult to understand him.3—4(BII): 6.Reading is to the mind what food is to the body.(A is to B what C is to D)7.She thought I was talking about her daughter while I was talking about my daughter.(„while„)
8.These coins are of different sizes and shapes.(be of + n.)9.No matter how well translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost.(No matter„)
10.When he woke up , he found himself lost in the forest.(find oneself„)
11.Seen from the top, it looks as if the stadium is covered by a gray net of steel, and it looks just like a bird’s nest made of tree branches.12.The great moment for European literature to come to China is between 1910 and late 1930s when famous writers such as Lu Xun and Guo Moruo translated both poetry and novels into Chinese.5—6(BII): 13.It is only a matter of time before the police get/catch the thief.(It is a matter of „)14.It was not until twelve o’clock that I went to bed last night.(It is not until „ that „)
15.Can you tell me what your school is like?(What something is like „)16.The news that our team has won the game is true.(同位语that-clause)17.I love singing, while my brother likes playing computer games.(„while„)18.Between Britain and Ireland, in the Irish Sea, lies the small Isle of Man.19.The Internet also makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers and companies in other countries.(make/find/think/consider/feel it adj.for sb.to do sth.)
7—8(BII): 20.Should they have patience, they could do the work well.21.It’s high time that they got down to doing the homework.22.If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.(主从时间不一致)23.If we were to panic, we would not be able to help.24.A.She treats the boy as if he were her own son.B.He talks as if he had been to the moon.C.He talks as if he would go to the moon.9—10(BII): 25.She is content with what the representatives from the world summarized at the Earth Summit.(be content with)26.The United Nations held a meeting that society should be in harmony with nature.(in harmony with)27.Upon/On arrival, the specialist advised the AIDS patient to calm down.(upon/on n./doing sth.;advise sb.to do sth.)28.The specialist advised the AIDS patient to calm down immediately he arrived.(immediately/directly = as soon as 后接从句)29.Hardly/No sooner had the specialist arrived when/than he advised the AIDS patient to calm down.(Hardly/No sooner had sb.done sth.when/than sb.did sth.)30.Had I known that air conditioners cause so much pollution, I would never have bought one.31.And poverty is less of a problem and people are better educated, there is a good chance that we will see less violence and fewer wars.(There is a chance that„;Chances are that„)
11—12(BII): 32.Her brilliant parents have had a great effect on her, so she has made many breakthroughs in the field of science.33.It is believed that practice makes perfect.34.Not all people can aim their guns at the targets.= All people can not aim their guns at the targets.35.It is this fiction that reminds me of my childhood.36.Whatever(No matter how)happens, we must keep calm.37.In their efforts to survive, they find themselves on the surface of the monster itself, which turns out to be a submarine.38.One of the mottos for the park----“Relying on science, technology, and knowledge to increase economic power”----makes it clear that science and business can and must work together to build the future.13----14(BII): 39.Where was it that the road accident happened yesterday? 40.It will take a lot of courage to tell the truth.41.There was a time when this village used to be very quiet.42.Go and ask tom for whatever you need/want.43.Even though the pure water is what gives sea water its main properties, the salinity of sea affects both its weight and freezing point.44.What all these people have in common is that they ask to be treated with respect, share the right to work, good housing conditions and education, and be treated equally to other people, regardless of race, religion or sex.15----16(BII): 45.There is no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has already been settled.46.Should it rain(Were it to rain)tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Great Wall.47.I don’t mind her making fun of me.48.While I don’t like biology, I find it interesting.49.Take this opportunity please, and I guarantee(that)you won’t regret it.50.I guarantee to pay off my debts/that I will pay off my debts.51.They guarantee this machine to work for four years.17—18(BII): 52.It takes many years for the ecosystem to recover.(=It takes somebody some time to do something.)53.Young people are often compared to the rising sun at 8 or 9 o’clock in the morning.54.The news of their secret wedding soon got around.= The news that they got married secretly soon got around.= The news soon got around that they got married secretly.55.Now that you like the car so much, why not drive it back? 56.People like Xiao Wen and many other disabled people in our country have taught us the importance of giving everybody a chance to receive education.57.We do cut and paste, but we don’t use scissors or glue.19—20(BII): 58.We may as well have a try and see if it can be done.59.In terms of money they are quite rich, but not in terms of happiness.60.We sometimes tend to think that the ocean bottom is made up of smooth plains.61.It’s useless/no use to pretend/pretending that you didn’t know the truth.62.It was four o’clock in the afternoon when he and his grandpa reached the museum in Guanghan, where an official warmly received then.63.I’d like to know more about life as it was two hundred years ago.64.It is possible that the King of Stonehenge was linked to the stones: he may have had a hand in planning the monument, or in helping transport and pull up the stones.(might/could)
1—4(BIII): 65.The elephant is about 14 times the weight of an adult.(A is/was „ times the size/length/height/depth/width„of B)
66.What do you think has happened to him? 67.During holidays, some like staying at home while others like traveling.68.He made it a rule to get up at 6:30 every day.69.Only in this way can you solve the problem.Only then did I realize that I was wrong.70.Impressive as the record is, it fades away next to the story of Armstrong’s struggle against diseases.71.They had no idea what they were up against.72.The X Games are like the Olympic Games for sports that are less familiar to us than sports like football and basketball.5—8(BIII): 73.He was more mad than excited.74.We did what/all we could to help her.75.The reason why we were late was that our car didn’t come.76.Every/Each time I came to the city I always called on Mr.Smith.77.The more I get to know him, the better I like him.78.What kind of words do you think you would need to talk about advertising advertisements? 79.Lying around them were chains, guns, tools, bedding, clothing and many other articles.9—12(BIII): 80.Not only do they speak the same language(but)they also share a number of social customs.81.I knew the news long before you told me.82.Those who are diagnosed with lung cancer, as is the case with Wang Mingxiang, need operating on immediately.83.He sat there as if he were reading a novel.84.It wasn’t until he came here that I knew the truth.85.To make matters/things worse, Wang also had a son in college who had taken a bank loan to pay for his studies.(even worse, worse still)86.They can’t afford to consult a doctor or purchase medicines from a chemist when they got sick, nor can they make sure that their children keep a healthy diet.13—16(BIII): 87.We have no choice but to wait here.88.The further we walked into the forest, the more excited we became.89.We went without breakfast.90.It will be long before your father comes back from the USA.91.The instant/moment I did it I knew I had made a mistake.(minute, second)92.After designing more experiments, they were able to clarify the procedure by which bees communicate information that they use to find and fetch food.93.They use the same senses as we do and their feet and hands are similar to ours, except that Chimpanzees still have opposable toes and grasp things with their feet.高一英语课文必背经典句子200句
1.I hate hiking and I'm not into classical music.2.I surf the Internet all the time and I like playing computer games.3.Rock music is OK, and so is skiing.4.Chuck is a businessman who is always so busy that he has little time for his friends.5.One day Chuck is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes.6.He realizes that he hasn’t been a very good friend because he has always been thinking about himself.7.Chuck learns that we need friends to share happiness and sorrow, and that it is important to have someone to care about.8.When he makes friends with Wilson, he understand that friendship is about feelings and that we must give as much as we take.9.The lesson we can learn from Chuck and all the others who have unusual friends is that friends are teachers.10.I found the bathroom, but I didn’t find what I was looking for.11.Don’t forget to buy me some ketchup on your way back.12.There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English.13.In total, for more than 375 million people English is their mother tongue.14.In China students learn English at school as a foreign language, except for those in Hong Kong, where many people speak English as a first or a second language.15.In only fifty years, English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world.16.With so many people communicating in English every day ,it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.17.For a long time the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed.18.In the same way Americans still use the expression “I guess “(meaning “I
think”),just as the British did 300 years ago.19.At the same time, British English and American English started borrowing words from other languages ,ending up with different words.20.Except for these differences in spelling, written English is more or less the same in both British and American English.21.However,most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.22.Many people travel because they want to see other countries and visit places that are famous, interesting or beautiful.23.Many of today’s travelers are looking for an unusual experience and adventure travel is becoming more and more popular.24.Instead of spending your vacation on a bus, in a hotel or sitting on the beach, you may want to try hiking.25.Hiking is fun and exciting, but you shouldn’t forget safety.26.A raft is a small boat that you can use to paddle down rivers and streams.27.If you want a normal rafting trip, choose a quiet stream or river that is wide and has few fallen trees or rocks.28.The name “whitewater “comes from the fact that the water in these streams and rivers looks white when it moves quickly.29.As with hiking ,you should always think about your safety and wear good clothes.30.Jane and Betty are going on separate holidays in a few days’ time.31.When are you off to Guangzhou? 32.My plane leaves at seven, so I think we’ll take a taxi.33.See you when I get back.34.The next moment the first wave swept her down, swallowing the garden.35.Now ,the water, which was cold as ice and flowed faster than a river, was above her knees.36.Jeff and Flora looked into each other’s face with a look of fright.37.Flora,whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.38.Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.39.The garden that was once so beautiful was completely destroyed, swept away by the wild water.40.I found some photos of interesting places which were not too far away from Chengdu.6
41.He told me that I could go on a two-day trip to Leshan and Emei, which wasn’t too expensive.42.First,we went to Leshan, where we climbed all the way up the mountain to see the Buddha.43.Looking up at the large head and down at the large feet makes you feel so small.44.Wei Bin took photos of us standing in front of the Buddha.45.Steven Spielberg, whose mother was a music teacher, was born in 1946 in a small town in America.46.In 1959 Spielberg won a prize for a film which he made when he was thirteen years old.47.The reason why he could not go there was that his grades were too low.48.Here he worked on a short film, which won him a job as the youngest film director in the world.49.This was the moment when Spieberg’s career really took off.50.It is about a big white shark that attacks swimmers who are spending their holidays in a small village by the sea.51.Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.52.Spielberg has made two films about creatures that come to the earth from outer space.53.For example , ET(1982)is about a young boy called Elliott who makes friends with a small creature from outer space and helps him to find a way to go home.54.Jurassic Park, which Spielberg made in 1993,is about a park where a very rich man keeps different kinds of dinosaurs.55.In his war films, he has shown that love and peace will win over war in the end.56.Steven Spielberg is one of the top directors in the film industry and also has many fans in China.57.When asked about the secret of his success, Steven Spielberg said that he owes much of his success and happiness to his wife and children.58.He met Cate Capshaw, who is an actress, when he was working on one of his films.59.After that it still took seven years before they finally got married.60.Mr Gao, the only teacher of the Shuiquan Primary School, has to stay away for a month to take care of his sick mother.61.The most important thing for young Minzhi is not to lose any more pupils from 7
the school---NOT ONE LESS—before Mr.Gao returns!62.She tries to keep the students in the classroom by locking them up in the classroom and running after those who escape.63.Minzhi wants to go to town, but she can’t afford to buy a bus ticket.64.She wants them to let her appear live on the air, hoping that Huike will see her.65.Many people like this not just because the story itself is moving, but also because most of the people in the film use their real names and play themselves.66.I guess it wasn’t really your fault, was it?
67.People who go to a formal Western dinner party for the first time may be surprised by table manners in Western culture.68.Having good table manners means knowing ,for example, how to use knives and forks, when to drink a toast and how to behave at the table.69.The knife and fork that are closest to your plate are a little bit bigger than the ones beside them.70.In China, you sometimes get a hot, damp cloth to clean your face and hands, which ,however, is not the custom in Western countries.71.When drinking to someone’s health, you raise your glasses, but the glasses should not touch.72.Although good manners always make you look good, you do not need to worry about all these rules while having dinner with your friends or family.73.It is true that many of the world’s greatest cities have been built on the banks of a river.74.We will do everything we can to save our city.75.Pieces of the palaces that had been hidden before the Nazis came could be used to build the city and its culture.76.With the help of old paintings and photographs, the people of St Petersburg were able to bring back the beauty of their culture and history.77.Old paintings, including a portrait of Peter the Great which was found in the snow outside St Petersburg, have been carefully recreated, and the old palaces have been made as wonderful as in the past.78.Today Peter the Great on his bronze horse can once again look out over the city he built.79.Strong, proud and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia.8
80.Some of the games in which the young men completed were: running, jumping and wrestling.81.In Sydney the Chinese team got 28 gold medals, ranking third of the competing countries.82.Many of the Chinese medals were won in diving and gymnastics and also in events such as weightlifting and shooting.83.Following the history-making success in the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games, China won another great competition in 2001 which was not for a medal.84.The people of Beijing.and of the whole country, will be preparing to light the Olympic torch to welcome athletes and sports fans from all over the world.85.Wang Mei puts her hand into her pocket,takes out her red cellphone and presses the talk key.86.Cellphones, or mobile phones ,make it possible for us to talk to anyone from anywhere.87.New functions are being added to the phones.88.The latest cellphones have features such as games ,music and an electronic calendar that will remind you about appointments and important dates.89.The students obey the rules and agree not to use their phones in the classroom.90.The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no matter where we are or what we are doing.91.Having a cellphone also makes us feel safer, since we can call for help in case of an emergency.92.She says that her cellphone helps her do whatever she wants to do and still stay in touch with her parents and friends.93.” I think it’s the most useful invention ever “Wang Mei says as she is dialling the number to Xiao Li again to ask her what she will be wearing to school tomorrow.94.Wang Mei calls her best friend Xiao Li at least once a day to see how she is doing and what is going on.95.Once,the earth was a beautiful blue planet where people lived happily among trees and animals.96.The human beings have been able to keep a small, secret school open since the machines took over.97.Now, the leader has asked a group of students to do what they can to save the earth.9
98.Instead, the students have decided to come up with a peaceful solution.99.Steve Jones is an environmental expert who tries to keep animals and plants from becoming endangered.100.We often talk about how important it is to take care of ourselves and our planet, but we don’t always do as we say.101.Many of the earth’s plants and animals have already died out, and several other species are endangered.102.If we want to live a better life and have a bright future, we must learn to act in ways that do not harm other living things.103.If we know more about what causes endangerment ,we may be able to take measures before it is too late.104.A species can become endangered for different reasons.105.Animals and plants must have a habitat, or home, which is comfortable and clean, and where there is enough food and other resources.106.They are all used to their environment;that is ,they have learnt how to live successfully in their habitat.107.Experts tell us that we need to think about what we can do to keep animals and plants from becoming endangered.108.Professor Stevenson explained to the students that the milu deer had been very common in China a long time ago, but it disappeared during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.109.What we hear on the radio or see on TV is only a small part of all the wonderful music that is waiting for us.110.People have been playing the blues for many years , but the music has kept many of its characteristics.111.Hip-top music often combines parts of other styles to create music that will help people hear new things in old music.112.Latin music –music that uses traditional styles from Latin America—has spread all over the world.113.The blues comes from African songs that people used to sing when they worked and during festivals.114.There is a wide variety of new music to be discovered in every corner of the world, so the next time you look for a tape or a CD, don’t just look for Chinese or American music—open your ears to the sounds of the world.10
115.They play music to satisfy their inner desire.116.They do not think how much money they can make from a song;instead, they sing for their emotions and live for music.117.The process of making rock music, however, is totally different.118.You must believe in what you do and who you want to succeed in the world –the magical world of Hogwarts and the real one.119.If only they could find a way to get to the room, or whatever it was, behind the wall.120.Our eating habits have changed, as has our way of life, and the fuel we need for our bodies is also different.121.If we want to keep up with the high pace of modern life, we had better learn to make the right choices about what and how we eat.122.When we choose what to buy and eat, we had better think whether the food will give us the nutrients we need.123.Vitamins, which we can get from eating vegetables, fruit, fish and drinking milk, help our body fight disease.124.Many people today make choices about their eating habits based on what they believe.125.Organic vegetables are those that are grown without chemicals that can be harmful to human beings or the environment.126.Because we have so much to choose from, many companies and stores offer advice about what we should eat.127.The best way to make sure that we will feel and look fine is to develop healthy eating habits.128.Only in that way will we be ready fro the challenges and opportunities in life.129.I am a little nervous about, because I am not sure how I should behave at the dinner table.130.The week following Christmas Day, many African—American families get together to greet the new year and think about the past.131.Kwanzaa was born in 1966, when people created a new festival so that African Americans would be able to celebrate their history and culture.132.We must do as much as we can to make our community better and more beautiful.133.Since Kwanzaa is a time for learning as well as joy, people celebrate it by lighting a candle each day and discussing one of the seven principles of Kwanzaa.11
134.Each time we celebrate a festival it changes a little and in that way we keep our culture alive.135.Peter played a trick on Carol and she wouldn’t talk to him for two days.They made peace after Peter treated her to a nice lunch.136.It is a reminder that we need to care about the world we live in and that we should learn to respect life and nature.137.The best trick is one that makes everyone laugh, including the “fool”.138.Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a necklace of yours? 139.I can’t be the only woman who isn’t wearing jewellery.140.I saw a lovely diamond necklace with a big blue stone in the center.141.Pierre and I did have a very good time at the ball.But that was the last moment of happiness in our lives.142.On our way home that night I looked down and saw that the necklace was not around my neck any more.143.If we work together, we might come up with a very good story.144.The student is on her way to school and she meets a girl that looks exactly like her.145.IN the 18th century, Benjamin Franklin conducted a number experiments in which he showed what electricity is.146.Having realized that I could use a kite to attract lightning, I decided to do an experiment.147.When the first thunderstorm came, I took my condenser to a shed in the fields where I could do my experiment.148.Tie the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross, and you will have a nice strong kite.149.This ribbon, which must not get wet, will protect you from the electricity.150.British law says that every new drug must be tested on at least two different kinks of animals, such as mice or dogs.151.Scientists say that if a medicine works with animals, there is a very high chance that it also works with people.152.There is no doubt that 100 years ago animal testing was cruel but today animals in experiments are very well taken care of.153.It has often been said that life is difficult as it is.For women it sometimes 12
twice as difficult.154.On the third day I was struggling through stormy weather and during the next week the wind grew stronger and I found myself spending a whole day in my tent.155.Changes were just around the corner.156.I had traveled only two hours one day when the winds increased so much that I had to put my tent up before the winds became too strong.157.I was thankful for all the training I had had.158.I was so optimistic that I decided that the next day, I would increase my workday to 12 hours.159.Lying on the ice, I would soon die.I struggled to my knees knowing that somehow I had to put my tent up for shelter.160.It is an experience I shall never forget and shall value for the rest of my life.161.In her television shows she makes it possible to talk about great moments and difficulties in people’s lives.She has helped thousands of men and women come to terms with things that bother them and that they could not talk about with others.162.She is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.163.It was a time in which many sad things happened to her.164.In 1984, she moved to Chicago, where she became the host of a talk show called “AM Chicago”.165.Her life shows us that hard work and discipline are the road to self—improvement, and success lies somewhere along the road.166.When I grow up I hope to be just as successful as you are.167.New Zealand is an island that lies off the eastern coast of Australia.It is make up of two large islands: North Island and South Island.168.The ocean and seas surrounding the islands are deep blue and many of New Zealand’s cities lie on a bay and have a natural deep harbor.169.The North Island is famous fro an area of hot springs, some of which throw hot water high into the air.170.There are many plants and animals that only live in New Zealand.171.More than 120 years later, Capital James Cook took possession of the islands in 1796 and from that time British people started to settle in New Zealand.172.It is a good thing that New Zealand helps the Maori to keep their own language and culture.173.New Zealand has a population of about 3.8 million people, of which about fourteen 13
percent are Maori.174.The majority of the people speak English.However, Maori, which the native language of the Maori people, is also an official language.175.Maori children are taught at an early age what to do when they come the marae.176.New Zealand wine is of high quality and is sold all over the world.Living in a country with plenty of space and a good climate, New Zealanders love all kinds of sport and outdoor activities.177.Farmers in China have long used techniques such as fertilization and irrigation to make their land produce more.178.To make as much use of the land as possible, two or more crops are planted each year where possible.179.It was from the early 1990s that scientists started to developed new techniques to increase agricultural production without harming the environment.180.Not only is food production important but also taking care of the environment.181.Using the latest technologies, Chinese scientists grow vegetables in greenhouse.182.Today many vegetables are not grown in gardens but in greenhouses where they are protected for the wind, rain and insects.The temperature is controlled with computers, no matter how the weather is outside.183.One of China’s early agricultural scientists was Jia sixie, who lived in the sixth century.184.If you go against nature and do things at the wrong time of year, you will have to do more work and the results will no be so good.185.When you plough the soil, plough deep the first and less deep the second time.186.The best harvest is reached when farmers changed the crops in their fields.187.He said that it is good to grow different plants next to each other in the same field.188.The wisdom of farmers about the weather and farming is collected in many popular proverbs and passed on from generation to generation.189.The actors make us laugh by making fun of somebody’s way of dressing or telling an amusing story.190.It is their clothes, make-up and the way they walk that make people laugh.191.What comedians have in common with the players in a comedy is their way of playing with words.192.Dating back to the Qin Dynasty, the traditional crosstalk show, or xiangsheng 14
shows, have made people all over China roar with laughter for centuries.193.The story of how I got my new job, and come to be on such good terms with my boss is funny one.194.I cycled as fast as I could and saw that the driver in the yellow car was waiting at the red light.195.I told him that he was a danger to other people on the road.196.Drive carefully so that everyone can enjoy a long life.197.There was a woman who was the boss of the office in which I wanted to work.198.I was pleased that the manager had decided to be angry with me for having been so rude.199.We can learn a lot about what a person is thinking by watching his or her body language.200.Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture.201.While there are many different interpretation of our body language, some gestures seem to be universal.202.If we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than to see the smiling face of a good friend.203.The father must have said something encouraging because the boy finally got up and made a good speech.204.Unlike traditional amusement parks, theme parks often want to teach visitors something.205.What they all have in common is that they combine fun with opportunity t learn something.206.Theme parks try to make sure that visitors leave knowing more about their theme.207.Having enjoyed the rides at the Headland, visitors can take the shuttle to the Lowland.208.Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.209.The parks are becoming more advanced and new technology allows us to experience almost anything without actually being in danger or risking injury.210.Having been told that her daughter got sick, she hurried to the school to take her home.高三英语重点短语与句型汇编(1--8单元)Units 1－2 15
Ⅰ.重要短语
1.in the first place 首先；第一；原先 2.set down 记下；写下
3.burst into sth.突然而猛烈地发出或产生某事物 4.centre on/upon 将某人（某事物）当作中心或重点 5.concentrate on 专心致志于 6.Tour de France 环法自行车赛
7.keep track of 追踪；掌握„„的线索；保持对„„的联系 8.stand out 突出；出色
9.be diagnosed with...被确诊患有„„（疾病）10.in a row 连续地，一连串地
11.lead sb.in doing sth.致使某人做某事 12.apply for 提出申请（或要求等）
13.make for 走向；向„„前进；有利于，有助于；倾向于 14.get a better understanding of...更充分地理解„„ 15.head down to...向„„进发，动身 16.hang ten（冲浪运动中）作十趾吊 17.in the name of 以„„的名义；代表 18.push on（with sth.）毅然继续（做某事）19.run out of 耗尽；用光
20.apart from...除„„外（尚有）21.set sail（to/from/for...）起航 22.compete for 为„„而竞争 23.in search of 寻找 24.give birth to 生；产生
25.as long as（表示条件）只要„„
26.at the height of 在„„顶点；在（事业等）的高峰 27.for once and always 一劳永逸地 28.be made up of 由„„构成；组成 Ⅱ.重点句型
1.Tian’anmen Square is the largest square in the world with an area of about 40 hectares.（with引导的短语作定语）
2.Impressive as the record is，it fades next to the story of Armstrong’s struggle against disease.（as引导让步状语从句时要倒装）
3.July 13，2001 saw a very bright night in Beijing that will never fade in history.（see在该句中的意思是“目睹；经历”）
4.A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.（一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。）5.It was not until 1874，when a young American explorer followed the Nile from Lake Victoria through to Lake Albert，that this part of the river’s course was finally explored.（强调句型）
6.It was believed that the northern coast of this continent lay somewhere in the Pacific Ocean.（It is/was believed that...人们相信„„）Units 3－4 Ⅰ.重要短语
1.as a consequence（of）作为（„„的）结果 2.the Commonwealth of Australia 澳大利亚联邦 3.go walkabout到灌木丛中闲逛 4.break out（指激烈事件）突然发生
5.feed...on给（人或动物）食物；喂养；饲养 6.round up使集合在一起
7.stand for代表，代替；象征，意味着
8.have a strong/great influence on...对„„有重大影响 9.benefit from...从„„受益 10.differ from...和„„不同 11.be fond of喜欢 12.have fun with开玩笑 13.set foot on踏上 14.give birth to生；产生 15.in area在面积上 16.keep out（使）在外 17.all the year round终年
18.have access to接近（或进入）的方法（或权利、机会等）19.on a large scale大规模地；大范围地 20.pass away去世；逝世 21.belong to属于
22.base...on...把„„基于„„ 23.at first sight 乍一看（之下）
24.be born into 出身于
25.have an appetite for 爱好„„ 26.look out for 照料，照看„„
27.put together 把„„放在一起；把„„加在一起 28.work out 做出；设计出；制订出；算出 29.make contributions to 对„„作出贡献 30.adapt to 适应 Ⅱ.重点句型
1.Many Aborigines and islanders were moved and had their land taken away from them.（have sth.done 结构）
2.Only in this way could the people in Australia build a society of diverse cultures.（倒装句）
3.Some books are to be tasted；others swallowed；and some to be chewed and digested.4.Shanghai is not longer what it used to be.5.It was Joseph Banks who made Kew a centre of scientific and economic research.（强调句，强调句子的 主语，主语为表示人的名词）Units 5-6 Ⅰ.重要短语
1.take into consideration 考虑到，顾及 2.in charge（of）处于控制或支配地位；负责 3.hand in hand 手拉手；密切关联的 4.get across 传播；为人理解 5.appeal to 有吸引力；呼吁；上诉
6.keep an eye out for sb./sth.留心或注意某人或某物 7.make sense 有意义；有道理；讲得通 8.apply...to...运用；应用 9.lose heart 泄气；灰心 10.take it easy 别紧张；放松点
11.keep up 维持；保持；使某事物处于高水平12.common sense 常识；情理 13.leave behind 忘带；留下 14.lose one’s way 迷路 15.come to an end 结束；中止
16.live through sth.经历某事物而幸存 17.tie up 系；拴；捆 18.at stake 在危险中 19.go for 为„„去努力获取 20.lose weight 减肥
21.be to blame 该受责备；应负责
22.be upset about...（对„„感到）不安的；不快的；心烦意乱的 23.associate...with...使发生联系；使联合 24.protect...from...保护„„免于„„ 25.be promoted with（用„„手段来）宣传，推销
26.create/form a positive image of 塑造/形成一个正面的形象 27.point out 指出 28.think twice 重新考虑 29.believe in 相信；信仰
30.set off for...出发，动身到„„ 31.be accustomed to习惯于„„ 32.on all fours 匍匐，趴着 33.come to a decision 决定下来
34.come to an agreement 达成一致；达成协议 35.come to a conclusion 告终；下结论 36.take up 拿起；着手处理；开始（从事于）Ⅱ.重点句型
1.Not all ads are used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits.（部分否定）
2.Good advertisements make it possible for companies to introduce new products and increase sales.（make 后接复合宾语）
3.Some companies prefer a well-known word，while others choose names from old stories or legends.（注意该并列连词的词义及用法）
4.It is possible that the reader or viewer will remember the advertisement but not the name of the product.5.In the 1960s，a British car company which made very expensive cars was about to sell its latest car in Germany.6.A young man in our group suggested that I stay behind with the children，and wait for help.（suggest后接宾语从句，从句的谓语动词用“（should）+动词原形”结构）
7.No pains，no gains！不劳则无获！Units 7-8 Ⅰ.重要短语
1.care for 喜爱；照顾 2.leave alone 不管；随„„去 3.in want of 需要
4.close up（尤指暂时）关闭；使*近5.care about 介意„„，在乎，关心 6.safety standards 安全标准 7.working conditions 工作条件 8.social conscience 社会道德 9.a poor excuse 一个差劲的借口 10.bring in 赚入„„；获利
11.be badly-off 生活穷困 12.fall asleep 入睡
13.have no eye for 不关心；不在意 14.far from 远离；一点也不 15.comment on 评论，批评，解释
16.in face of 面对„„，在„„面前，不顾„„ 17.in favor of 支持„„，赞同„„；为有利于„„ 18.in praise of 称赞„„ 19.in hope of 抱着„„的希望 20.in charge of 掌管，负责
21.in memory of 为了纪念；为追悼„„ 22.in honor of 为了纪念 23.in search of 搜寻 24.in need of 需要 25.turn down 拒绝 26.as follows 如下
27.end up in 以„„告终，以„„为结局 28.one by one 一个接一个地；逐个地 29.date back to（时间）追溯到 30.get it wrong 误解
31.on the contrary 相反的是；反而 32.toast to 干杯；祝酒
33.make sense of 弄懂„„的意思 34.in other words 换句话说；换言之 35.take risks 冒险
36.experiment with 进行试验；进行实验 37.piles of 一大堆；一大批；一大团 38.fall behind 落后于 39.come across（偶然）遇见 40.make progress 取得进步
41.adjust...to...调整„„；调解„„ 42.as a consequence 因此
43.regardless of 不顾，不管，不拘 44.take place 发生 45.thanks to 多亏了，由于 46.wake up 醒来；叫醒 47.stay up 挺住；坚持不睡觉 48.broaden one’s horizons 开阔眼界 49.in the beginning 开始；起初 Ⅱ.重点句型
1.But make sure to be early in the office the day after！（make sure 后常接从句或of doing sth.）
2.Much good may it do you！
3.If they would rather die，they had better do it.4.It’s not my business.5.My hands are too cold to write.6.Let’s observe another little scene，as you might have in your life to come.（as引导定语 从句）
7.I beg your pardon a thousand times.8.Learning a language is obviously more than memorizing words，phrases and structures.（more than 不仅仅）
9.If you were to spend as many hours studying English，you would make great progress.（虚拟条件句）
10.The less anxious and more relaxed the learner，the better the language acquisition 21
proceeds.（the more...，the more...越„„，越„„）
11.Not all of us want to be translators or interpreters.（部分否定）
12.It is time（that）the bus arrived here to pick up all the passengers.（虚拟语气的使用）
13.It is high time for us to put an end to this silly argument.高三英语重点短语与句型汇编(9-16单元)Units 9-10 Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语
1.lay off 解雇；不理会；使下岗
2.make matters worse 使情况更困难或更危险 3.get rid of 摆脱
4.make ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出 5.be devoted to 献身„„的；专心于„„的 6.play a role in 在„„中起作用 7.medical treatment 医疗
8.reach a decision 决定下来；下结论 9.aim at 瞄准；针对；目的在于
10.take measures to...采取措施来（做）„„ 11.make a living 谋生 12.depend on 依靠；取决于
13.live on 以„„为主食；靠„„生活
14.prevent...from...阻止，阻挡；制止；妨碍 15.provide...for...为„„提供„„ 16.meet the needs of 满足„„的需要 17.be burdened with...使负重担
18.put pressure on...给„„施压，增添压力 19.state-owned companies 国有企业 20.lose weight 减肥 21.ready-made clothes 成衣 22.make fun of 取笑某人 23.attend to 处理；照顾；关照 24.take pride in 对„„感到自豪 25.do up 打扮；梳妆
26.let down 不支持；使失望 27.at length 最后；终于；详细地 28.at a time 一次
29.go far（人）大有前途；成功 30.come into being 形成 31.as to 关于
32.be accused of 被控诉，控告；被指责，谴责 33.set free 使获得自由；释放 34.refer to 参考；涉及；谈到；指的是 35.turn to 转向，变成；求助于 36.adapt to 使适应，使适和 37.get accustomed to 变得习惯于 38.for a moment 片刻；暂时 39.live through 度过；经受住 40.break out in tears 突然大哭起来 41.cut off 切掉；割掉；剪下；切断；隔绝 42.tear at 撕，扯„„ Ⅱ.重点句型
1.What kind of programmes does the WHO run？
2.If I had had insurance，the sickness wouldn’t have caused such a big problem.（虚拟语气）
3.This allowance，however，is only enough to cover the most fundamental needs such as food and clothing.4.They cannot afford to consult a doctor or purchase medicines from a chemist when they get sick，nor can they make sure that their children keep a healthy diet.（部分倒装）
5.It is sometimes said that a society can be judged by the way it cares for its weakest members.（据说）
6.It was not until World War Ⅱ that the importance of Fleming’s discovery was fully recognized.（强调句）
7.She stood by the window and looked out at a grey cat walking along a grey fence in a grey backyard.（表示感觉的动词后接宾语补足语的情况）
8....and she had only $1.87 with which to buy Jim a present.（相当于定语从句的不定式 结构）
9.I had my hair cut off and sold it...（have作使役动词的用法）Units 11－12 Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语
1.stick with继续支持；保持联系 2.through thick and thin 不顾艰难 3.pull out of从„„中退出 4.cater to满足某种需要或要求
5.for the sake of由于；为了„„的利益 6.in reality事实上；实际上 7.keep an eye on 照料；照管 8.take sth.into account考虑；体谅 9.as a whole 总的说来；作为整体 10.once again再一次
11.live up to依照„„行事；做到；不辜负（期望）12.accept...as...认为„„
13.on one’s own独自，靠自己，独立 14.the majority of大多数；大部分 15.a pie chart饼状图 16.a bar chart柱状图
17.match...to...使„„（和„„）调和，相配 18.be suspected of 被猜疑，被怀疑 19.take measures to...采取措施（做„„）20.be familiar with 对„„熟悉 21.be made up of构成；组成 22.count...as...把„„认为„„ 23.on the other hand 另一方面 24.attach to 伴随„„
25.be aware of 察觉到，感觉到，获悉 26.be suitable for适合做„„
27.guard...against...守护„„（免于„„），保护 28.make the best use of充分利用 29.on the surface 表面上的，外表上 30.as a matter of fact 实际上 31.be satisfied with 对„„满意
32.lose face 失面子
33.by means of以„„，借着„„ 34.put...to use使用，用，利用 35.in demand有需要的；吃香的 36.so as to为了，目的是 37.sit for参加（考试）
38.concentrate on 集中；专心；专注 39.to begin with首先；第一；起初
40.drop out（of）（从活动、竞赛等中）退出；辍学 41.result in产生某种作用或结果 42.be skeptical of怀疑 43.take in把（某人）带进；领入 44.rely on依赖；依靠
45.as far as（远）至（某处）；到„„程度 46.lifelong learning 终身学习47.work out解决；计算出；详细拟订 48.have a lot in common有很多共同之处 49.be suited for适合做„„，对„„适宜 Ⅱ.重点句型
1.Not only will these qualities make you rise in the eyes of others,you will also feel better about yourself.（部分倒装）
2.While working there you discover that the management does not take proper measures to ensure hygiene and safety of the food products....（状语从句的省略）
3.What if you feel comfortable about doing a task by yourself？（如果„„怎么样）4.In sports teams each player has a clear role,and there are few occasions when members are confused or uncertain of their roles.（定语从句）
5.It is of great importance for the team and its coach to strike the right balance.（of+抽象名词）
6.As years went by,she worked in many places.（as引导的状语从句）
7.It is well-known that at the age of 17 to 18,many young people dream of going to university....（众所周知）
8.No matter how hard you try,working towards a career for which you are not suitable is not going to get you there.（让步状语从句）
9.It is no use for everybody to try to pursue the same career.（亦可用It is no use 25
doing sth.）
10.In China,as in other countries,the government realizes that the future welfare of their citizens is closely linked to education.（as表示“像”）
11....the number of students in some schools is so low that students of several different grades are taught in the same classroom.（主谓一致）
12.Look at the shape of the graph or chart,rather than the details,to spot this.（表示“不顾，而不是”）Units 13－14 Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语
1.take place发生，产生；进行，举行 2.turn down拒绝，不接受 3.be set in以„„为背景 4.pass on传递
5.go wrong不对头，出毛病；失败 6.except for除„„之外；若无 7.be in love with爱上某人 8.learn about听到，获悉
9.take one’s revenge on sb.for sth.因某事向某人报仇 10.break into pieces（使）成为碎片 11.keep...out of使„„置身于外 12.at the time of在„„的时候
13.turn out 结果（是），证明（是），原来（是）14.as for关于，至于 15.at times有时，不时
16.get straight to the point直奔主题 17.varieties of各种各样的
18.to one’s surprise让某人吃惊的是 19.as soon as一„„就„„
20.one after another一个接一个地，连续不断地 21.come to light显露出来，暴露 22.over and over again 23.tell...apart一再；多次；反复 24.get hold of抓住；拿住；握住 25.make a beeline for径直朝„„走去
26.as a matter of fact事实上；说真的；实际上 27.keep in touch保持联系 28.feast on大吃大喝；享受美食
29.make a distinction between...and...区分；区别 30.make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通 Ⅱ.重点句型
1.Finally,some Indians in unusual foreign clothes come to the house offering to entertain the guests,....（in表示“穿着，戴着”，后面可以接表示衣物或颜色的名词）
2.Troubled by the loss of such a valuable jewel, Rachel’s mother hires the famous detective to investigate the theft.（过去分词作状语）
3.As the story develops we discover some secrets about the people at the house that night,and the reasons why they might have stolen the diamond.（as引导状语从句，表示时间，意思是“当„„时候”；why引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason；might have +过去分词，表示对过去的可能性的推测）
4.He goes on asking questions about the party and learns about Franklin’s quarrel with Dr.Candy.（go on doing sth.继续做（同一件事情）
5.Rachel is stubborn in resisting his enquiries about the Moonstone to the degree that she makes it seem as if she does not want the mystery to be solved.6.One mistake could have resulted in a huge loss.（虚拟语气）
7.Fortunately he was successful in diving the diamond into nine large jewels.8.It turned out that Godfrey had also seen Franklin move the diamond that night....9....but when she changed her mind he had no choice but to go abroad to sell the diamond.（注意but的用法）
10.You should avoid being too straightforward.（avoid doing sth.）Units 15－16 Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语 1.apply for申请；请求
2.straight away立刻地；毫不犹豫地
3.fit in（with）与„„相适应；与„„相协调 4.hold back退缩；踌躇
5.take a while用一些（一段）时间 6.approve of赞同；赞许
7.have sth.in common with sb.和某人有共同之处
8.take part in参与；参加
9.make contributions to为„„作出贡献
10.Secretary General of the United Nations联合国秘书长 11.make a difference有关系；有影响；有意义 12.be eager to do sth.渴望做„„
13.open up打开，张开；开发；开辟；揭露；展现 14.at times有时，不时 15.as a consequence结果；后果 16.be due to 应归于
17.become involved in使卷入，使陷入；拖累 18.make the adjustment to适应于 19.take off脱下；（飞机）起飞 20.put on穿上，戴上
21.be popular with受（某人）欢迎 22.get in touch with和„„取得联系 23.dream of梦想；向往 24.make use of利用
25.set up树立；开办；设立；创立；建立 26.as well as也，又 27.come true实现，达到 28.be up to胜任，适于 Ⅱ.重点句型
1.Mr Zhao is weak and cannot do much for himself without getting breathless and dizzy.（双重否定）
2.I am having a great time doing it.3.Time to have fun and relax,and time for young people to take off their school uniform and put on their favorite casual clothes.（省略。It is time to have fun and relax.）
4.In the UK for example,a recent survey found that 6 out of 10 men and 46% of women regularly wear jeans....（分数表示法）
5.Every time he plays football he is watched by thousands of adoring Becks fans all over the world.（连词，意思是“每次”）
6.Now he is famous for his haircuts and lifestyle as well as for scoring goals.28
第四篇：高一至高三英语课文经典句子及重
高一至高三英语课文经典句子及重点词组归纳
唯美英语高一至高三英语课文经典句子及重点词组归纳
1—2(BII): 1.This is the first time that I have ever tasted this kind of food.(It is the first time that…)2.Only in this way can you learn English well.(Only in this way can/will/…sb.do sth.倒装)3.There is not much point in working on my PhD.(There is no point in doing…)4.In this book, Hawking explains both what it means to be a scientist and how science works.5.People who listen to Hawking’s lectures sometimes find it difficult to understand him.3—4(BII):6.Reading is to the mind what food is to the body.(A is to B what C is to D)7.She thought I was talking about her daughter while I was talking about my daughter.(…while…)8.These coins are of different sizes and shapes.(be of + n.)9.No matter how well translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost.(No matter…)10.When he woke up , he found himself lost in the forest.(find oneself…)11.Seen from the top, it looks as if the stadium is covered by a gray net of steel, and it looks just like a bird’s nest made of tree branches.12.The great moment for European literature to come to China is between 1910 and late 1930s when famous writers such as Lu Xun and Guo Moruo translated both poetry and novels into Chinese.5—6(BII):13.It is only a matter of time before the police get/catch the thief.(It is a matter of …)14.It was not until twelve o’clock that I went to bed last night.(It is not until … that …)15.Can you tell me what your school is like?(What something is like …)16.The news that our team has won the game is true.(同位语that-clause)17.I love singing, while my brother likes playing computer games.(…while…)18.Between Britain and Ireland, in the Irish Sea, lies the small Isle of Man.19.The Internet also makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers and companies in other countries.(make/find/think/consider/feel it adj.for sb.to do sth.)7—8(BII):20.Should they have patience, they could do the work well.21.It’s high time that they got down to doing the homework.22.If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.(主从时间不一致)23.If we were to panic, we would not be able to help.24.A.She treats the boy as if he were her own son.B.He talks as if he had been to the moon.C.He talks as if he would go to the moon.9—10(BII):25.She is content with what the representatives from the world summarized at the Earth Summit.(be content with)26.The United Nations held a meeting that society should be in harmony with nature.(in harmony with)27.Upon/On arrival, the specialist advised the AIDS patient to calm down.(upon/on n./doing sth.;advise sb.to do sth.)28.The specialist advised the AIDS patient to calm down immediately he arrived.(immediately/directly = as soon as 后接从句)29.Hardly/No sooner had the specialist arrived when/than he advised the AIDS patient to calm down.(Hardly/No sooner had sb.done sth.when/than sb.did sth.)30.Had I known that air conditioners cause so much pollution, I would never have bought one.31.And poverty is less of a problem and people are better educated, there is a good chance that we will see less violence and fewer wars.(There is a chance that…;Chances are that…)11—12(BII):32.Her brilliant parents have had a great effect on her, so she has made many breakthroughs in the field of science.33.It is believed that practice makes perfect.34.Not all people can aim their guns at the targets.= All people can not aim their guns at the targets.35.It is this fiction that reminds me of my childhood.36.Whatever(No matter how)happens, we must keep calm.37.In their efforts to survive, they find themselves on the surface of the monster itself, which turns out to be a submarine.38.One of the mottos for the park----“Relying on science, technology, and knowledge to increase economic power”----makes it clear that science and business can and must work together to build the future.13----14(BII):39.Where was it that the road accident happened yesterday?40.It will take a lot of courage to tell the truth.41.There was a time when this village used to be very quiet.42.Go and ask tom for whatever you need/want.43.Even though the pure water is what gives sea water its main properties, the salinity of sea affects both its weight and freezing point.44.What all these people have in common is that they ask to be treated with respect, share the right to work, good housing conditions and education, and be treated equally to other people, regardless of race, religion or sex.15----16(BII):45.There is no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has already been settled.46.Should it rain(Were it to rain)tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Great Wall.47.I don’t mind her making fun of me.48.While I don’t like biology, I find it interesting.49.Take this opportunity please, and I guarantee(that)you won’t regret it.50.I guarantee to pay off my debts/that I will pay off my debts.51.They guarantee this machine to work for four years.17—18(BII):52.It takes many years for the ecosystem to recover.(=It takes somebody some time to do something.)53.Young people are often compared to the rising sun at 8 or 9 o’clock in the morning.54.The news of their secret wedding soon got around.= The news that they got married secretly soon got around.= The news soon got around that they got married secretly.55.Now that you like the car so much, why not drive it back?56.People like Xiao Wen and many other disabled people in our country have taught us the importance of giving everybody a chance to receive education.57.We do cut and paste, but we don’t use scissors or glue.19—20(BII):58.We may as well have a try and see if it can be done.59.In terms of money they are quite rich, but not in terms of happiness.60.We sometimes tend to think that the ocean bottom is made up of smooth plains.61.It’s useless/no use to pretend/pretending that you didn’t know the truth.62.It was four o’clock in the afternoon when he and his grandpa reached the museum in Guanghan, where an official warmly received then.63.I’d like to know more about life as it was two hundred years ago.64.It is possible that the King of Stonehenge was linked to the stones: he may have had a hand in planning the monument, or in helping transport and pull up the stones.(might/could)1—4(BIII):65.The elephant is about 14 times the weight of an adult.(A is/was … times the size/length/height/depth/width…of B)66.What do you think has happened to him?67.During holidays, some like staying at home while others like traveling.68.He made it a rule to get up at 6:30 every day.69.Only in this way can you solve the problem.Only then did I realize that I was wrong.70.Impressive as the record is, it fades away next to the story of Armstrong’s struggle against diseases.71.They had no idea what they were up against.72.The X Games are like the Olympic Games for sports that are less familiar to us than sports like football and basketball.5—8(BIII):73.He was more mad than excited.74.We did what/all we could to help her.75.The reason why we were late was that our car didn’t come.76.Every/Each time I came to the city I always called on Mr.Smith.77.The more I get to know him, the better I like him.78.What kind of words do you think you would need to talk about advertising advertisements?79.Lying around them were chains, guns, tools, bedding, clothing and many other articles.9—12(BIII):80.Not only do they speak the same language(but)they also share a number of social customs.81.I knew the news long before you told me.82.Those who are diagnosed with lung cancer, as is the case with Wang Mingxiang, need operating on immediately.83.He sat there as if he were reading a novel.84.It wasn’t until he came here that I knew the truth.85.To make matters/things worse, Wang also had a son in college who had taken a bank loan to pay for his studies.(even worse, worse still)86.They can’t afford to consult a doctor or purchase medicines from a chemist when they got sick, nor can they make sure that their children keep a healthy diet.13—16(BIII):87.We have no choice but to wait here.88.The further we walked into the forest, the more excited we became.89.We went without breakfast.90.It will be long before your father comes back from the USA.91.The instant/moment I did it I knew I had made a mistake.(minute, second)92.After designing more experiments, they were able to clarify the procedure by which bees communicate information that they use to find and fetch food.93.They use the same senses as we do and their feet and hands are similar to ours, except that Chimpanzees still have opposable toes and grasp things with their feet.高一英语课文必背经典句子100句1.I hate hiking and I'm not into classical music.2.I surf the Internet all the time and I like playing computer games.3.Rock music is OK, and so is skiing.4.Chuck is a businessman who is always so busy that he has little time for his friends.5.One day Chuck is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes.6.He realizes that he hasn’t been a very good friend because he has always been thinking about himself.7.Chuck learns that we need friends to share happiness and sorrow, and that it is important to have someone to care about.8.When he makes friends with Wilson, he understand that friendship is about feelings and that we must give as much as we take.9.The lesson we can learn from Chuck and all the others who have unusual friends is that friends are teachers.10.I found the bathroom, but I didn’t find what I was looking for.11.Don’t forget to buy me some ketchup on your way back.12.There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English.13.In total, for more than 375 million people English is their mother tongue.14.In China students learn English at school as a foreign language, except for those in Hong Kong, where many people speak English as a first or a second language.15.In only fifty years, English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world.16.With so many people communicating in English every day ,it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.17.For a long time the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed.18.In the same way Americans still use the expression “I guess “(meaning “I think”),just as the British did 300 years ago.19.At the same time, British English and American English started borrowing words from other languages ,ending up with different words.20.Except for these differences in spelling, written English is more or less the same in both British and American English.21.However,most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.22.Many people travel because they want to see other countries and visit places that are famous, interesting or beautiful.23.Many of today’s travelers are looking for an unusual experience and adventure travel is becoming more and more popular.24.Instead of spending your vacation on a bus, in a hotel or sitting on the beach, you may want to try hiking.25.Hiking is fun and exciting, but you shouldn’t forget safety.26.A raft is a small boat that you can use to paddle down rivers and streams.27.If you want a normal rafting trip, choose a quiet stream or river that is wide and has few fallen trees or rocks.28.The name “whitewater “comes from the fact that the water in these streams and rivers looks white when it moves quickly.29.As with hiking ,you should always think about your safety and wear good clothes.30.Jane and Betty are going on separate holidays in a few days’ time.31.When are you off to Guangzhou?32.My plane leaves at seven, so I think we’ll take a taxi.33.See you when I get back.34.The next moment the first wave swept her down, swallowing the garden.35.Now ,the water, which was cold as ice and flowed faster than a river, was above her knees.36.Jeff and Flora looked into each other’s face with a look of fright.37.Flora,whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.38.Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.39.The garden that was once so beautiful was completely destroyed, swept away by the wild water.40.I found some photos of interesting places which were not too far away from Chengdu.41.He told me that I could go on a two-day trip to Leshan and Emei, which wasn’t too expensive.42.First,we went to Leshan, where we climbed all the way up the mountain to see the Buddha.43.Looking up at the large head and down at the large feet makes you feel so small.44.Wei Bin took photos of us standing in front of the Buddha.45.Steven Spielberg, whose mother was a music teacher, was born in 1946 in a small town in America.46.In 1959 Spielberg won a prize for a film which he made when he was thirteen years old.47.The reason why he could not go there was that his grades were too low.48.Here he worked on a short film, which won him a job as the youngest film director in the world.49.This was the moment when Spieberg’s career really took off.50.It is about a big white shark that attacks swimmers who are spending their holidays in a small village by the sea.51.Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.52.Spielberg has made two films about creatures that come to the earth from outer space.53.For example , ET(1982)is about a young boy called Elliott who makes friends with a small creature from outer space and helps him to find a way to go home.54.Jurassic Park, which Spielberg made in 1993,is about a park where a very rich man keeps different kinds of dinosaurs.55.In his war films, he has shown that love and peace will win over war in the end.56.Steven Spielberg is one of the top directors in the film industry and also has many fans in China.57.When asked about the secret of his success, Steven Spielberg said that he owes much of his success and happiness to his wife and children.58.He met Cate Capshaw, who is an actress, when he was working on one of his films.59.After that it still took seven years before they finally got married.60.Mr Gao, the only teacher of the Shuiquan Primary School, has to stay away for a month to take care of his sick mother.61.The most important thing for young Minzhi is not to lose any more pupils from the school---NOT ONE LESS—before Mr.Gao returns!62.She tries to keep the students in the classroom by locking them up in the classroom and running after those who escape.63.Minzhi wants to go to town, but she can’t afford to buy a bus ticket.64.She wants them to let her appear live on the air, hoping that Huike will see her.65.Many people like this not just because the story itself is moving, but also because most of the people in the film use their real names and play themselves.66.I guess it wasn’t really your fault, was it?67.People who go to a formal Western dinner party for the first time may be surprised by table manners in Western culture.68.Having good table manners means knowing ,for example, how to use knives and forks, when to drink a toast and how to behave at the table.69.The knife and fork that are closest to your plate are a little bit bigger than the ones beside them.70.In China, you sometimes get a hot, damp cloth to clean your face and hands, which ,however, is not the custom in Western countries.71.When drinking to someone’s health, you raise your glasses, but the glasses should not touch.72.Although good manners always make you look good, you do not need to worry about all these rules while having dinner with your friends or family.73.It is true that many of the world’s greatest cities have been built on the banks of a river.74.We will do everything we can to save our city.75.Pieces of the palaces that had been hidden before the Nazis came could be used to build the city and its culture.76.With the help of old paintings and photographs, the people of St Petersburg were able to bring back the beauty of their culture and history.77.Old paintings, including a portrait of Peter the Great which was found in the snow outside St Petersburg, have been carefully recreated, and the old palaces have been made as wonderful as in the past.78.Today Peter the Great on his bronze horse can once again look out over the city he built.79.Strong, proud and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia.80.Some of the games in which the young men completed were: running, jumping and wrestling.81.In Sydney the Chinese team got 28 gold medals, ranking third of the competing countries.82.Many of the Chinese medals were won in diving and gymnastics and also in events such as weightlifting and shooting.83.Following the history-making success in the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games, China won another great competition in 2001 which was not for a medal.84.The people of Beijing.and of the whole country, will be preparing to light the Olympic torch to welcome athletes and sports fans from all over the world.85.Wang Mei puts her hand into her pocket,takes out her red cellphone and presses the talk key.86.Cellphones, or mobile phones ,make it possible for us to talk to anyone from anywhere.87.New functions are being added to the phones.88.The latest cellphones have features such as games ,music and an electronic calendar that will remind you about appointments and important dates.89.The students obey the rules and agree not to use their phones in the classroom.90.The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no matter where we are or what we are doing.91.Having a cellphone also makes us feel safer, since we can call for help in case of an emergency.92.She says that her cellphone helps her do whatever she wants to do and still stay in touch with her parents and friends.93.I think it’s the most useful invention ever “Wang Mei says as she is dialling the number to Xiao Li again to ask her what she will be wearing to school tomorrow.94.Wang Mei calls her best friend Xiao Li at least once a day to see how she is doing and what is going on.95.Once,the earth was a beautiful blue planet where people lived happily among trees and animals.96.The human beings have been able to keep a small, secret school open since the machines took over.97.Now, the leader has asked a group of students to do what they can to save the earth.98.Instead, the students have decided to come up with a peaceful solution.99.Steve Jones is an environmental expert who tries to keep animals and plants from becoming endangered.100.We often talk about how important it is to take care of ourselves and our planet, but we don’t always do as we say.
第五篇：高一至高三学生心理特点总结
高一至高三学生特点及家庭教育对策
高一年级学生的心理特点及其家庭教育指导
中学阶段是学生逐步走向独立人生道路的转折点，是一个由半幼稚，半成熟的时期逐步走向独立性和自觉性的成人化的关键时期，这期间极易产生多种心理问题。尤其是对高一学生来说，由于环境的改变，学习要求的提高和青春期的发育，使许多学生感到不适应，会出现许多心理特点和心理问题。具体表现在：
一、环境的改变所引起的心理特点：
1、新环境、新集体引起的焦虑孤独感。来到新的校园，看到的不再是自己熟悉的环境，人生地不熟。在感到新鲜好奇的同时会感到紧张不安。同时，由于缺乏与人交往的经验，面对新老师，新同学时他们会感到：渴望与人交往的开放性与自身内心封闭性的矛盾。所以，他们会焦虑、不安，于是他们会怀念母校，思念亲人，想念昔日的同学，更使他们的心情忧郁，精神不振。
2、角色的变化引起的失落和自卑感。不少学生在家里是父母的希望之所在，宠爱有加；在以前的学校是老师眼里的尖子，学生心目中的偶像。进入高中，尤其是重点高中后，情况发生了变化，面临的是如林“高手”的激励竞争，中心也发生了转移，“尖子”可能不尖了，原来是班级或校级学生干部的，可能变成了“庶民”。面对角色的转变，不同的学生有着不同的心态，素质较好的学生会以自己不懈的努力来找到属于自己的适当位置，或许会从“庶民”再次成为“尖子”：但相当一部分高一学生因失去自信而产生失落和自卑感，从此而一蹶不振。
3、新目标，新要求与自身能力的差异，导致的心理问题
高中课余生活丰富多彩，由团委、学生会、班级自行组织的课内外活动及社区活动，每个学生都有机会参加，以展示自己的风采、锻炼自己的能力、培养各方面的兴趣。一些学生性格外向、好表现自我而勇于尝试，并在不断的实践中，独立性、主动性和积极性得到进一步的锻炼和提高，变得更自信。另一些学生看到别人的出色表现而深感羡慕，并会意识到：真正有才华的人，不光要有出色的成绩，更要去勇气去挑战自我，以提高各方面的能力。但也有学生，尤其是来自农村的，只远远地在一这旁自叹不如，而甘愿作忠实的观众，他们因缺乏自信和追求而失去了许多发展自我的机会。
二、学习要求的提高，学习内容、形式、方法的改变所引起的心理变化
首先，与初中课程相比，高中课程以理性为主，相对初中课程以感性为主来说难度加深。其次，学习的形式也由“扶式”变为“牵引式”，学生的角色由被动转主动。更强调的是课前的预习，课内的思考，课后的复习巩固。而刚升入高中的新生没有意思到这些变化。仍沿用初中的学习方法，因而学习上显得被动。出现很多科目上课听不懂的现象，于是就表现出担忧、焦虑、甚至恐慌。
三、青春期引起的心理变化
首先，中学生正处在青春发育期，他们更加关注自己的外貌形象。由于对“自我形象”期望值过高。一些身体的外貌特征如个子的高矮，体态的胖瘦，生理的缺陷甚至是皮肤的黑白，脸上的“青春痘”等都会引起他们的烦恼，常会为自认为的一些缺陷感到恐惧、羞怯、自卑。
其次，对处于青春期的中学生，渴望与异性交往，但男女间的相互吸引与好感多数还属于异性间朦胧感情的自然表露，他们对于两性关系仍处于一种似懂非懂的状态，还分不清好感与初恋的区别，因此常造成情感上的因惑与苦恼。
再次，青春发育期的生理剧变，引起中学生情感上的激荡。一个微笑可以使情绪飞扬，彻夜兴奋，然而他们内心里激动、高兴或苦恼、消沉而表面上似乎很平静；他们有话有秘密想与别人倾吐，可无论碰到父母或老师却又缄默不言，这种情况得不到理解时，便会出现压抑心理，出现焦虑与抑郁。
针对新生所表现出来的以上各种心理特点，作为高一的班主任和各任科教师，应有相应的教育策略。
（一）环境的改变引起的心理问题教育策略
1、尽快熟悉环境。新生入校后，应及时组织新生们参观校园、校舍，介绍校史，使他们对学校各方面的情况有更多的了解，增加感性认识，消除陌生感。
2、尽快构建新的群体。有计划有目的的组织各种集体活动，如开展以迎新为主要内容的主题班会、文艺晚会、各种球类比赛等，既创造亲切热烈的迎新气氛，提供更多交往的机会，有利于新生间交流思想，沟通情感，使他们尽快的融入新的集体，依靠集体的力量，在集体中成长，在团结互助中提高。
3、加强生活指导。在生活方面，要考虑周到，悉心照顾，及时的解决他们生活中碰到的各种实际问题。同时又要按照学校有关规定向他们提出要求，并进行具体的指导，专门的训练，帮助其养成良好的生活习惯，提高生活自理能力。现在的军训就是对学生各方面锻炼的一种有效活动。
4、加强对学生的观察和了解。尽管以上这些特点是每个高一新生所表现出的共同特点，但是，由于学生的个性存在差异，总有一些同学表现的特别明显。这就要求教师要细心观察，及时了解情况，通过个别谈话，结对子等形式，帮助这些同学尽快摆脱困扰，早日适应，以便投入到正常的学生生活中去。
（二）学习方面的心理辅导及教学策略
1、教师在上新课前，应简略介绍有关科目的结构、内容，课时安排等情况，使其对该科目的特点、教学要求有一定的了解。让学生真正意识到高中课程的要求与初中不同，学习的方法应该进行相应的改进。
2、加强学法指导。“最有价值的知识是关于方法的知识”，良好的方法是获取知识的有效途径和手段。通过教师的方法介绍，同学间的经验交流，帮助其寻求切合自身实际的学习方法和途径，提高自学能力，提高学习时效，养成良好的学习习惯，尽早完成角色的转换。
3、改进教法，提高教学水平。利用各种先进的教学仪器设备，运用各种教学方法手段，创设轻松愉快、形象逼真的教学情境，激发学生学习的兴趣。同时建立良好的师生关系，加强师生间情感的交流，找到“教”与“学”的最佳结合点。
4、开展各种形式的主题班会、讨论会或进行个别的交流谈心，及时了解学生的思想动态。帮助他们正视差距，找到原因，正确的认识和评价自己，重新定位，并以积极的态度面对挫折，战胜挫折，提高心理承受能力和自我调节能力。
（三）青春期的心理问题和教育
我们要正确看待处在青春期的中学生心理发展的特点，树立完善的心理指导观。在新生入学时，有针对性的开展青春期心理健康教育，通过开展多种系列讲座、主题班会等形式，采取多种途径向学生宣传青春期心理特点，心理卫生知识，使学生正确看待自身心理发展的特点，掌握自我心理调节的方法。同时，帮助学生学会自我疏导，自我调控，使他们具备解决生活中各种问题的能力，提高其心理素质，促进心理的健康发展；帮助他们懂得在与异性交往中如何自制自尊和尊重对方，懂得在社会道德规范的基础上建立男女同学间正常的交往与友谊，使他们顺利的度过美好的高中生活。
适应环境、老师、同学及学习任务的变化，转变角色，正确定位，是高一新生开始高中生活的第一步，它将会关系到高中三年学生身心健康成长和今后事业的发展。因此，对学生进行心理健康教育是一项艰巨的任务，这需要我们教育工作者用爱心和耐心持之以恒地去探索。我相信，经过我们的努力，我们的下一代将会是身心健康，有理想，有作为的新一代，我们的校园将会更加和谐。
高二年级学生的心理特点及其家庭教育指导
一、学习上不稳定，心理问题增多。
高一新生刚入学充满了新鲜感，因兴奋心情会使其具有积极的学习和生活态度。而高三的学生由于面临高考，内动力增强，家长和老师对他们给予更高度的关注。高二阶段似乎热情已经淡去，既没有高一时的雄心壮志，也没有面临高考的紧迫感，是一个容易出现动荡和茫然的时期。有的学生会幡然醒悟，奋起直追。有的学生则出现倦怠、厌学、焦虑。因此高二学生会出人意料的出现成绩迅速跃升或大幅下滑。
二、差距拉大。
经过高一一年的学习，学生在知识掌握程度上已较明显的分出层次，优秀生因成功而获得自信，学习兴趣浓厚；学习困难的学生屡遭挫折，产生灰心、自卑甚至害怕的心理；中等水平的学生，一部分坚持不懈，一部分目标模糊。因此容易拉大差距。
三、偏科明显。
原本就有弱科，历经高一一年，深知弱科对总成绩的影响，虽下了很多功夫但收效甚微，进入高二再次遇到较难的章节，其学习上的漏洞愈加彰现，开始出现畏难情绪，易导致弱科更弱。
四、干扰学习的现象增多。
违纪现象增多。已经熟悉了学校的管理措施，不再像高一那样畏惧纪律处罚，容易出现自由散漫，既影响了学习，也给管理增大了难度。
早恋现象增多。高二是高中阶段恋爱发生率最高时期，其中有生理发展和社会影响的因素，还有其心理原因。他们承受的压力增大，由于家庭、老师对他们的关注不够，他们企盼获得被珍惜、关爱的感觉，向往浪漫的爱情，因而会模仿成人谈恋爱。但关系处理起来容易产生纠葛，导致精力投入很大影响学习，甚至成绩会大幅下滑。
每年新大学生们回首自己的高中生活时，常用这样的语言描述：“上高一时，觉得新鲜，忙着适应；高二没好好学，忙着玩了；高三知道学，想学，又来不及了。”从学生的描述中，可以看出，高二是高中生活的关键，高二年级可以说是高中三年中最难把握的一年，她没有一年级的新鲜感也没有三年级的紧迫感，刚升入高中一年级时彼此不很熟悉，要交新朋友，要适应高中生活，要找到在新集体中的位置，这一切都做的小心翼翼；高三时由于高考的迫近，外界环境的压力和自身对高考的思考又让他冷静下来，想好好学习，考上大学；高一下半年和高二年级，学生在班级的位置大概确定，距离高考又遥远，同学之间也特别熟了，各种各样的想法做法都产生了，是最容易玩的疯走的远的时候。
1．学生的心理特征
高二年学生的心理正逐步走向相对稳定与成熟，从思维品质上看，正处于由“经验型”向“理论型”过渡，抽象思维能力得到进一步的发展，已有独立思考的意识，个人智力特征也逐渐显现出来；个人思想道德正在逐步形成，对异性的关系逐步趋向理智懂事，个人思想和行为呈现能够理智控制的特点。与学习的关系：
抽象思维能力发展较好的学生在理科学习上显示一定优势，平时思考问题喜欢感性和形象思维的学生逐渐对理科有畏惧的情绪。
高二的学生的情绪、情感、性格特征已基本形成，与成绩的关系极大。对于这一点，他们是有足够的理智认识的。因此，我们让他们清楚看待自己，明白情绪、情感、个性与学习、与自己的未来有着密切的关系；让他们清楚周围的同学，看看成功的同学，从同学的成功中得到启发，自觉地加强自我管理，积极地互相管理。培养学生自我管理的能力是必要的。主要问题有：孤独感和焦虑感较强。高二学生是高中阶段的“断层”时期。因为高一新生刚进入高中，对学校、老师、同学以及学习都有新鲜的感觉，同时，其兴奋心情也使其具有积极的学习和生活态度。而他们所面临的是如何适应新的生活和新的学习，在这个时期，无论是学校还是老师都对他们给予高度的关注。高三的学生因为就要参加的高考，家长和老师对他们给予更高度的关注。相反，老师和家长对高二的学生的关注就相对较少，使学生在这个阶段的孤独感和失落感较强。
高二阶段由于很多学生目标不明确，既没有高一时的雄心壮志，也没有面临高考的紧迫感，是一个容易出现动荡和茫然的时期。一旦遇到挫折，特别是考试中受到打击，就会自我怀疑，产生焦虑。有调查显示：一半以上的学生感到整个高中阶段有成绩明显退步的阶段，其中大部分学生感到这个阶段在高二。我们家长不能只关注孩子的学习和衣食住行，更要关注孩子精神上的成长，关心孩子的心理动态。
2、恋爱现象增多。
高二是高中阶段恋爱发生率最高时期，其中有生理发展和社会影响的因素，还有其心理原因。高二学生所要承受来自社会方方面面的压力越来越多，他们非常需要理解和关心。然而，由于家庭、学校对他们的关注不够，导致他们只能从外界获得关爱的感觉。有些学生谈恋爱就是要寻找一种被爱、被重视、被珍惜的感觉。其次，受电视、电影、网络等影响，很多学生把爱情过于美化、理想化，向往浪漫的爱情，因而会模仿成人谈恋爱。
对于学生的早恋，总是让很多家长头痛。但是，如果我们一味地强调早恋为孩子所带来的负面影响，而不考虑其不可抹杀的固有的特性，对孩子来说显然是不公平的，也是不科学的。
对此，我们可以注重跟孩子说明早恋的原因和它将给早恋者带来什么样的后果。对已经早恋的学生给予理解和加以正确的引导，尽量将他们“恋情”所带来的负面影响控制在最低程度。
3．学生的思想特征
随着生理及心理的逐步成熟，随着学生社会交往的逐步增多，学生思想品德逐步走向相对成熟与稳定，社会意识迅速发展并逐步趋向相对成熟。学生也正逐步确立自己的理想，其趋向也呈相对稳定。但还是呈幼稚的特点，思想品德与行为表现容易出现两极分化或走极端。
与学习的关系
个人道德及思想意识的形成，其实就是学生形成了个人对社会、对他人的看法，就是学生形成了如何与他人相处的思想。此时，有的学生对他人形成不良的看法，于是有内向、不善交往倾向；有的学生过于外向，控制不住自己，干扰影响了他人，也影响了自己的学习，给班级管理造成一定难度。
（1）、在学习上两极分化日益明显。
经过高一一年的学习，学生在知识掌握程度上已较明显的分出层次，即所谓优生和差生。对优生来说，由于之前学得好，他们积极、自信的心理不断得到强化，学习兴趣上升为乐趣，学习已成为自觉的行为，并不断从中得到成功的心理体验。另一部分学生在一年学习中（尤其是在考试中）屡遭挫折，对学习的灰心、自卑甚至害怕等心理也在渐渐固化，出现兴趣转移，偏科等倾向。如学习上，有的学生开始失去信心。充满沮丧、灰心情绪，完全放弃了取得好成绩的愿望，破灌破摔，沉溺于不良情绪之中。思想上出问题的也不在少数。如个人价值追求方面的问题，有的学生开始不思进取，贪图享乐。控制不住自己而整宿在外打网络游戏等，包括犯罪都有可能发生。
对出现问题的学生，我们既要严加管理，同时又要有足够的宽容，指点他们积极地矫正自己，不再犯错。我们要清楚，人没有一生顺顺当当的!对中等水平的学生来说，学习目的模糊，学习动机不强，处于一种淡漠的被动状态。
对于成绩好的孩子，我们要给予肯定，使他们更加积极上进。对于学习中等水平和较差的孩子，家长首先要有正确的态度，避免过高的期望；要给孩子更多的支持和鼓励，帮助他们分析成绩不理想的原因，肯定他们所拥有的发展潜能，解除不必要的顾虑。
(2)、偏科现象严重。
高二学生面临着分科的压力，可是分科之后，选艺术的对文化课不重视，选理科的学生，对文科的学习不够重视，在文科的课堂上不专心听讲，不认真完成作业；选文科的学生同样存在轻视理科的学习的倾向。一科拉后腿，会使自己在会考中吃大亏。
家长要关注孩子是否存在偏科现象，引导孩子认真地对待每一科的学习，才不致于会考时后悔莫及。
(3)、建议家长对孩子特别关注些什么，怎么做？
第一：关注孩子的学习状态，正确对待成绩变化，始终做孩子的坚强后盾。关注孩子的学习状态，学习情绪，没有反常的状况，每天都愉快地学习就可以。家长要细心观察，一旦出现反常，家长一定要重视，和孩子谈谈或者找老师交流。
现代教育观提倡赏识教育，对孩子多鼓励，及时予以肯定和恰当的帮助，当孩子有进步的时候，家长应肯定他的进步，就是肯定他的自信心，又提出进一步的要求。
第二：关注孩子的心理健康,正确地加以疏导和引导.引导学生学会恰当地自我定位
只有让学生清楚自己是什么，自己想追求的是什么，并且能做什么，才能更好地把握好自己发展和前进的方向，不至于迷失自己。
一、让学生知道，他们在学校的角色是学生，在学习上肯定会遇到很多困难和问题，这并不代表他们笨或无能。
作为一名学生，因为不懂、无知才到学校学习知识和技能。从无知到有知需要一个过程，因此在学习过程中遇到困难是很正常的事。有些学生因为学习上遇到困难，或因为考试成绩不好，而感到自卑，认为自己笨、比别人差，遇到不懂的问题不敢向老师或同学请教，不敢积极大胆去表现和锻炼自己。家长要注意引导学生正确地定位自己的角色，以积极、乐观的态度，正确地看待学习过程中的困难和挫折。学生正是在克服这些困难的过程中，慢慢地从无知变成有知，从知得少变成知得多的。
二、让学生知道，他们学习的目的不是打败别人，而是提高自己。
在中学，由于同学之间的竞争比较激烈，不少学生有意或无意地将周围的同学当成自己的对手，非常在乎同学之间的比较。看到别的同学成绩比自己高，看到同学某一方面表现得比自己好，心里就会感到失落和难过；有些同学在得知自己成绩时伤心，并不是因自己考不好而伤心，而是因自己的成绩排在别人后面而伤心。过于在乎同学之间的比较，过于强调竞争，会使学生背上沉重的心理包袱，容易受到周围同学的影响，而难以专心学习。
我们会不会常常拿自己的孩子和其他孩子做比较呢？你的比较会不会给孩子带来过大的压力呢？
其他人优秀，并不妨碍我们的孩子也优秀。孩子不一定要通过超过别人、打败别人，才能够显示自己的实力和价值。我们要引导孩子如何正确看待同学之间的竞争，精力放在怎么改进自己、提高自己上面，而不是放在怎么打败别人上面。假如孩子过于强调竞争，会不愿意与别人合作，那不但会使他们的目光变得狭隘，而且会使他们在知识、资源共享上也会变得狭隘，这都不利于他们的发展。
三、让学生知道，我不是最棒的，但我是独一无二的。
我们每个人都希望自己是最棒的。但是，我们有没有可能是最棒的呢？能够考上高中，说明我们的学生都是非常优秀的。但是，在学生中，强手如林，能够名列前茅的学生只有少数，不可能每位学生都是第一，大多数同学都排在中间位置，是不是他们的成绩不拔尖了，就说明他们不优秀了呢？即使在武中是最棒的，走出武中还有没有可能是最棒的呢？一个人不可能每一方面在任何时候都是最棒的，总会有人比我们好。假如我们总是期望孩子是最棒的，要求孩子必须是最棒的，那孩子就会经常碰壁，经常遭受打击，我们也会经常否定他们。
怎样让孩子在强手如林的人群中，找到自己的位置、找到自信呢？
我们要让孩子知道，即使他们是人群很普通的一个，但他们也是独一无二的、不可替代。他们有缺点，但是他们也有优点，只要能够发现自己的不足，努力加以克服和提高，并且明确自己的优点和长处，知道自己所拥有的能力与潜力所在，把它放在最有价值的地方发展。这样，才能保持永远的自信。
高三年级学生的心理特点及其家庭教育指导
高三学生特点及家庭教育对策
一个学生成才，就是一个家庭的幸福。高三学年对每个高三学生来说是他们走向人生成功、人生辉煌的关键学年。
为使学校教育同家庭教育达成和谐与共识,我从高三学生具有的特点及家庭教育注意的问题出发谈谈我个人的看法 供大家参考。
一、生理特点及教育对策
从三个方面理解高三学生的生理特点
1、身高、体重、胸围、脑容量、骨骼、肌肉、各种内部器官的发展水平已接近成人。
2、外部体形已成人化。
3、各种生理功能已接近成人，并迅速成熟。根据这些生理特点，家长要做好三件事：
一是做好饮食服务，注意饮食的多样性和营养的丰富性； 二是做好生理成熟方面的引导，如早恋问题；
三是引导学生良好的生活规律，如入睡与起床时间等都形成规律。
二、心理特点及教育对策
在心理上，主要有三个方面的特点：
1、自我意识进一步增强，自我控制能力和自我调解能力接近成年人。
从这一特点看，要尽量尊重孩子，不要把家长意识强加于孩子，非得按家长的意识要求学生得怎样或怎样，这样可能产生抵触情绪，而适得其反，家长对自己的孩子的表现认为不妥的地方要通过耐心的引导来实现。
2、高三学生的各种品格和理智感明显增强。
这一特点使高三学生做人做事的盲目性减少，计划性增强，特别是表现在学习上，因此要求各位家长在家
里的言行要注意对孩子的影响。
3、理性思维和创造思维水平提高迅速，由于思维的独立性和抽象性的增强，已逐步形成比较稳定的道德
心理环境和闭锁的情感世界。
这一特点要求我们作家长注意，孩子不愿同我们说的事就不要追根问底，不愿让我看的东西，千万不能强看，发现孩子有不妥的地方要利用合适的机会在合适的氛围下进行引导。
三、思想特点及教育对策
高三学生的思想特点主要表现在以下五个方面：
1、面临高中毕业，思想活跃。既留恋中学生活，又幻想有一个美好的未来；
既有毕业的自豪感、紧迫感，但纪律观念和劳动观念有可能削弱。根据这一特点，希望家长同志配合学校开展积极的健康的思想教育及引导工作。
支持学校，特别是班级所强化的纪律管理和组织的正常的事物性劳动。
2、对升学和专业的选择进入预备期，考虑各种利益得失和越来越重要的模拟考试以及越来越强烈的升学愿望，学生的思想压力和心理上的波动都会比较突出，紧张、焦虑会成为困扰学生情绪的中心问题。这一特点要求我们当家长的要为学生创造宽松、和谐、愉悦的家庭环境，做好疏导工作，尽量减小学生的思想
压力和心理上的波动，让学生轻松的学习，快乐的学习。每个家长都望子成龙心切，表现在对自己孩子的每一
次模拟考试成绩，特别是在年级的排名升降极为关心，这属于做家长的正常心态，但要特别注意，学生的每一
次考试都会出现名次上的交叉—升降问题，对于名次上升的学生家长及时鼓励是对的，对下一次模拟考试的成
绩目标不要提出更高的要求，要和孩子共同商量而定，要符合实际，不能强加于学生；对于成绩有下降的学生
家长，不要对孩子发脾气，大喊甚至大骂，这样只能增加对孩子的思想压力，使学生心情不快，甚至失去信心，破罐子破摔，适得其反。我们做成年人的都有感受，心情愉快时，工作效率高，学生的学习更是如此。出现成
绩下降时，我们做家长的要给予关心，引导分析一下原因，说关心的话和鼓励的话，这次没考好不要紧，还有
下次呢。俗话说，一句良言三冬暖啊，学生感受到了家长的关心与爱护，会更加努力，在努力中，在快乐中不
断的提高成绩。
3、在选择个人前途方面，理想成分开始减弱，职业理想开始逐渐确定，现实主义的态度开始明朗。多数学生在
各个方面有积极的态度，特别是在学习上有较强的积极性和紧迫感。但也有极少数学生由于认识上的片面性及环
境的影响，在一些方面会表现出悲观、消极的态度与行为，特别是学习基础较差的学生，往往会缺乏信心。
根据这些特点，家长要注意的问题，一是利用合适的机会与孩子共同探讨院校与专业的选择问题，但决不能作
为一见面就谈的话题，这样会使学生感到厌烦；二是对学生表现出来的积极性要多加鼓励，保持好，在引导学
生学习方面，要坚持“少贪黑，轻负担、高效率”的原则，使学生永远保持旺盛的精力，学习达到高质量、高
效率；三是对学习基础差的同学坚持多鼓励、不埋怨的原则，帮助树立信心，抓好基础知识的复习，提高成绩，争取高考的好成绩。
4、高三学生的社会意识已接近成熟，关心同学，对社会现象敏感，对人生、对政治、对社会现实问题有独立见
解，社会参与意识增强。
根据这一特点，我们做家长的对一些社会问题在孩子面前少说或不说，对一些热点问题要作积极的引导，使孩子
以正确的态度对待人生，以积极的态度审视社会。
5、人生观、世界观已初步形成并趋于稳定，有比较稳定的价值观和评价能力，但具有很大程度上的片面性。根据这一特点，我们做家长的要用成功人生的事例引导孩子树立正确的人生观、世界观和价值观，引导孩子用
正确的人生哲学作指导走好人生路。
各位家长，只有了解每一个学生，才能教育好每一个学生，希望家长同志能够多与学生沟通，多与班主任沟通，多了解孩子，把学生的高三阶段的复习工作做好，让每一个学生保持一个积极向上的态度，保持一个良好的心
态，保持良好的体质，旺盛的精力，愉快的学习每一天，成绩提高每一天，以良好的心态，优异的成绩迎接高
考，参加高考。
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