天安门英文导游辞

第一篇：天安门英文导游辞

Tian’anmen Rostrum

Tian’anmen(the Gate of Heavenly peace), is located in the center of Beijing.It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen(the Gate of Heavenly Succession).At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war.When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers.The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate.The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep.According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign.During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place.The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps:

1)The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian(Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court.The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan(tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen(Gate of supreme Harmony)

2)The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting(dragon pavilion).Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen(Meridian Gate), to Tian’anmen Gate tower.3)A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict.The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed.4)The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord.The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites.5)The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country.Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden phoenix”.During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage.It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.

On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands Zhongshanpark(Dr.Sun Yat-sen’s park), and on the east side, the Working people’s Cultural palave.The park was formerly called Shejitan(Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land.It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.The Working people’s Cultural palace used to be Taimiao(the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe(Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it.Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao(Imperial Bridge).The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao(Royal’s Bridges).Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named pinjiqiao(ministerial Bridges).The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao(common Bridges).They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries.They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway.In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao.They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon.Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns.The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources.One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar.Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament.The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendary animal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour.He was doing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside the palace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for their complaints or return in due time.Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were given the names” Wangjunhui”(Expecting the emperor’s coming back)and “ wangjunchu”(Expecting the emperor’s going out)respectinvely.In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant for important occasions.The two rows of chaofang(antechamber), on the sides behind the main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the government waiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperial administration.On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrum the founding of the people’s Republic of China.Since then Tian’anmen has been the symbol of New Chinea.Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the peoples of the World”.Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world.The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history.It offers a panoramic view of the Square and the city proper.Tian’anmen Square

Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares(109 acres)that can accommodate as many as one million people for public gatherings.It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history and is a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day on May 1st and national Day on October 1st.Around the Square are several famous buildings:

The Great Hall of the people

This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world.Built in 1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center, a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacity of 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National peoples’ Congress of China in the south.In addition, thirty-four reception chambers are named after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly unde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao.Each is different from the other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features.2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution

These two museums were also built in 1959.the museum of Chinese History houses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process of Chinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919:

1)The primitive Society(1.7 million years ago to the 21st century BC);

2)The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.);

3)The Feudal Society(475 BC.To 1840 AD.);

4)The Semi-Colonial and Semi-Fedual Society(1840 to 1919.)

The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to 1949.The Monument to the people’s Heroes

the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for the revolutionary cause of the Chinese people.Its construction began on August 1, 1952 and was not completed until 1958.in the form of an obelisk, the Monument as made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble.The purple piece inlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong province.It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in)high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in the country.Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it is an artistic work of excellent architectural value.On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinese characters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to the people’s Heroes!”.On the back of the Monument is an article written by Chairman Mao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late premier Zhou Enlai.At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of such flowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, and fortitude.At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting the Chinese historic events since 1840.They are:

1)The Burning of Opium in 1840:

2)The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi;

3)The Revolution of 1911;

4)The May Fourth Movement of 1919;

5)The May 30th Movement of 1925;

6)The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi;

7)The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945;

8)The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the peoples’s Liberation Army in 1949.This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplying the Front” and “ Greeting the p.L.A.”.Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum

Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the people’s pepublic of China, passed away on Sepember 9, 1976.In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum began to be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the following year.The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 1977.The mausoleum is surrounded by four groups of sculpture.East of the northern entrance is the sculpture depicting the period of the New Democratic Revolution(1919-1949), and west of it is the one signifying the great achievements of the Chinese people during the period of slcialist revolution and construction since 1949.The sculptures in front of the southern gate are figures of workers, peasants soldiers, intellectuals, technicians and children.Inside the Mausoleum are three main sections: A white marble statue of Chairman Mao is mounted on a platform in the front lobby.On the wall behind the statue is a 24-metre-long(79-foot-long)tapestry, a fine needlepoint work with beautiful landscapes of the country.In the main hall there is a crystal coffin, in which Chairman Mao’s body lies stately with the Communist party’s flag covering over him.On the wall of the southern lobby, a poem by Chairman Mao and in his own calligraphy is inscribed in gold inlay.It expresses his full great expectations for the country.Tian’ anmen Square has now completed its renovation after eight months’ hard work to welcome the 50th anniversary of the people’s Republic in 1999.

第二篇：岳阳楼英文导游辞

Good morning!Ladies and gentlemen:

Today we will go and visit the Yueyang Tower, Yueyang Tower lies in the west of Yueyang city, nearby the Dongting Lake, it is listed as three famous towers in the south of Yangtze River, together with Yellow Crane Tower at Wuhan, Hubei province and Tengwang Tower at Nanchang, Jiangxi province.Yueyang Tower was originally built for soldiers to rest on and watch out.In the Three kingdoms period, Lusu, General of Wu State, trained his soldiers here and then rebuilt it as a tower to review his troops.In the forth year(716 A.C)of Kaiyuan of Tang Dynasty, General Zhangshuo was dispatched to defend at yuezhou and he rebuilt it into a Tower named South Tower, and then Yueyang Tower.In the forth year(1044 A.C)of Qingli of Song Dynasty, Teng Zijing was stationed at Baling Jun, the ancient name of Yueyang city.In the second year, he had the Yueyang Tower repaired and had poems by previous poets inscribed on the walls of the Tower.Fan Zhongyan, a great artist and poet, was invited to write the well-known poem about Yueyang Tower, in his essay which entitled《 A panegyric of the Yueyang Tower》, the two sentences Fan writes :“ Be the first to worry about the troubles across the land, the last to enjoy universal happiness” have for thousands of years been a well-quoted dictum and made the tower even better known then before.The architectural style of Yueyang Tower is quite unique.The main tower is 21.35 meters high with 4 columns, 3 stories, flying eave, helmet roof and wood construction, the helmet-roof of such a large dimension is a rarity among the ancient architectures in China.Entering the tower, you“ll pass the famous couplet: ”Dongting is the water of the world, Yueyang is the tower of the world." Moving on, there is a platform(Dianjiang tai)that once functioned as the training ground for the navy of Three-Kingdom period general Lusu.To its south is the Huaifu pavilion in memory of Dufu(712-770AD), who was the famous poet during the Tang dynasty and wrote the famous poem <> and later died in the city.Stepping out of the Xiaoxiang Door, the Saint plum pavilion(Xianmei ting)and the Three Drunkards pavilion(Sanzui ting)can be seen standing on two sides.In the garden to the north of the tower is the tomb of Xiaoqiao, the wife of Zhouyu, another famous Three-Kingdom general.

第三篇：韶山英文导游辞

Good morning!Ladies and Gentlemen:

Today, we will go and visit Shaoshan, the hometown of Chairman Mao.Shaoshan is a small mountain village about 100km southwest of Changsha, the capital of Hunan province, with some fairly beautiful scenery and a once typically Hunan village atmosphere, Shaoshan has been irreparably changed by history.On the 26th December 1893, a baby was born in a little house in this village, to a relatively wealthy peasant couple.The child was to grow up to become China“s Great Helmsman, Chairman Mao Zedong, and it was in this region that he spent his childhood and youth, attending school and helping his father with his work.As the hometown of the great man of the generation, now Shaoshan is one of the important tourist zones in Hunan province.The major tourist sites including the Former residence of Chairman Mao, Memorial Hall of Mao Zedong, Water-dripping Cave and Steles Forest of Mao”s poems，and so on.The former residence of Chairman Mao is the most interesting site.Entered through a courtyard, the house is of a sunny yellow, mud brick walls, with a nicely thatched roof, and is found on a wooded hillside, above some lush paddy fields.There are 13 and one half rooms in the Former residence, which include one and half central room, a kitchen, a dining room, three family bedrooms and a guest room.Within the rooms are various personal effects of Mao and his parents, as well as photos from Mao“s life.This is the central room, it was used by two families: Mao’s family and their neighbor.So we said that there is only one half of the central room belongs to Mao’s family.And this is there kitchen, where Chairman Mao often helped his mother doing some housework in his childhood.Go through the kitchen was Chairman Mao’s parent”s bedroom, there are two photos of Chairman Mao’s parents on the inner wall, and it was in this room where Chairman Mao was born.The Dripping Water Cave, about 3 km northwest of the village, is a very popular destination, possibly because of the fact that Mao allegedly spent 11 days here in the early days of the Cultural Revolution Years(1966-76), contemplating the unknown.

第四篇：南岳大庙英文导游辞

Good morning!Ladies and gentlemen:

Today we will go and visit the Nanyue Temple, Nanyue Temple is situated on the northern tip of Nanyue Township and at the southern foot of Chidi peak.In a layout of nine rows, It is the largest and best-preserved ancient palatial architectural complex of south China.Magnificent and splendid with resplendent upturned eaves.Inside the east in parallel to eight Buddhist palaces on the west, It is indeed a wonder in the history of religion that Taoism.Buddhism and Confucian culture can co-exist within a single temple.The exact time of the construction of Nanyue Temple is unknown.It existed asearly as in the Qin and Han Dynastis.Originally Located on the summit of Zhurong peak, The temple was later moved to the mountain foot to facilitate the religious activities.The beginning of the Tang Dynasty witnessed the formal construction of the Heavenly Lord Huo“s Temple” the “Heavenly Master Temple”.So as to enshrine and worship the Gods of the five sacred mountains, During the Song Dynasty the immortal of the Hengshan Mountain was revered as the “Heavenly Master Zhaosheng”,as a result the temple was gradually expanded and enlarged.Since the Tang Dynasty Nanyue Temple had beed subject to six fires and 16reconstructions all through the Song.Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.In the 8th year of Emperor Guangxu“s reign in the Qing Dynasty(1882 A.D), the Imperial Court ordered the rbuilding of Nanyue Temple.Which had been ruined by lightning, The project was imitative.Copying the styles of the Imperial palace.And even to the present day it is still well preserved.Fenced with red-brick walls.Nanyue Temple ccupies an area of some 70.000 square metres.From north to south lies in sequence nine rows and four courtyards-Lingxing Gate.Kuixing Tower.Chuan Gate.pavilion of Imperial Study, Main Hall, Dwelling palace and the Northern Rear Exit.The whole architecture complex stretches across on axis extending from south to north with its halls linked up together.The winding corridors and wing-rooms on both sides merge with each other.Accentuating the magnificence of the stature of the principal part.On the east side of the main temple there are eight Taoist palaces.Coordinating with eight Buddhist palaces on the west side.The first row is Lingxing Gate.Two gilded Chinese characters ”Mountain Temple“ are shining on the white marble at the top of the gate.The marble gate stands as high as 20 metres with a width of 1.1 metres and is meant to imply that during the past dynasties all the religious activities were officiated by real knowledgeable people.The second row is kuixing Tower.The most perfectly preserved ancient stage in Human province.with a breadth of 35metres and a length of 12.Its fa?ade facing the main palace, the stage is the place where people hold religious activities and perform local operas during pilgrimage.Before the tower stands a pair of 2-metre tall stone Kylin(Chinese unicorn).With their furious eyes widely open.They are like two solemn looking sentinels guarding the tower.The pebble path under the Kuixing Tower leads to the third row-Main Chuan Gate.East and West Gates.The gateway is made of gray bricks with an awesome depth and height of 15 metres.The courtyard within is filled with dense cypress trees and carpeted with green grass.The fourth row is the pavilion of Imperial Study.Distinguished by its gilded tiles.Octagonal doubleeaved roofs and exquisitely-crafted arches.Inside the pavilion there is a Bixi in the shape of a legendary animal like tortoise.Legend has it that Bixi is the ninth son of the dragon.The Bixi carries an imperial stele on which the full text of On Rebuilding Nanyue Temple was carved in the 47th year of Kangxi”s reign(1780 A.D.)in the Qing dynasty.The fifth row is Jiaying Gate.Named after the line from The Annals of Han-Books of Rites and Joys: “This row is the place where local magistrates and monks welcomed ritual officials dispatched from the capital.After the Jiaying Gate the sixth row comes into view-Tower of Imperial Study.Which is the storehouse of the collection of imperial calligraphies.messages and inscribed boards concerning the past emperors” ritual presentations to the mountain.Sweeet osmanthus ahead of the tower submerges the building with its refreshing scent when it blossoms every autumn.The seventh row is the Main palace.Surrounded by towering old trees.Camphor trees planted in the Song Dynasty and cypress in the Ming Dynasty compete with each other in setting off the beauty of the upturned double-roofs and the splendour of the palace.Adding tremendous awe to the Main palac.As it stands 29.11 metres, its girandeur rivals that of the palace of supreme Harmony in the Forbidden City in Beijing.Inside the palace there are 72 stone pilliars, standing for the 72 peaks on the Hengshan Mountain.The two huge pillars upholding the main roofs were cut out of a whole granite.Each weighing 14 tons.Encircled by the balustrades are 144 relief sculptures carved out of white marbles.Based on Shanhai Jing.pillars on the forefront overlap.Carved on them are 56 historical and legendary thles.On the square door were carved the Images.On the square door were carved the Images of the 24 filial Sons and the Images of the 18 Scholars.Here tourists can get a rough idea of the age-old Chinese Confucian and Taoist cultures.Clay statues-Heavenly King Zhaosheng and General Jin and Wu line up in the palace with their impressively dignified look, calling forth in tourists a feeling of profound respect.The eighth row is the dwelling palacewith double roofs and in perfect harmony with the whole mountain.This structure keeps up the architectural style of the Song Dynasty and is decorated with coloured drawings and patterns whichare popular among palaces in the North.giving a sense of gorgeousness to this palace.The ninth row is the Northern Rear Exit.The end of the axial architecture, with Zhusheng palace to the right and Chief God palace to the left, At the back of the exit.A path leads farther into the mountain.Nanyue Temple occupies a prominent position in the history of ancient Chinese architecture.It carries the grandeur characterized by palaces in the North.And at the same time it smacks of the loveliness featured by gardens in the South.The architectural arrangement of the temple is clearly demarcated and gently modulated.Strongly indicating the ingenuity and originality of the craftsmen.Its ground and upper layouts are like an eternal musical movement with its own overture, main body and coda.Demonstrating the excellence of ancient Chinese architecture.Nanyue Temple carries a profound cultural connotation.It boasts a large number of clay statues.Wood engravings and stone carvings, which are all closely linked up with Chinese tradition and culture.Over 800 dragons of various sizes, which are the symbol of the Chinese nation.can be found everwhere in the temple.The carvings on the roof wood and white marble balustrades are an encyclopedia of ancient history and mythology.There are fairy tales-“pan Gu Creating the Universe.” “Hou Yi Shooting the Suns”, “Jing Wei Filling up the Ocean”¡-;real stories about some historical figures-“Su Wu Shepherding Sheep.” “sleeping on sticks and Tasting the Gallbladder.” “Da MO Crossing the Sea”¡-;legends extolling filial piety-“Melting the Ice with Body Warmth to Catch Carps.” “Weeping on the Bamboo until it Turns into shoots”¡-Most of the carvings are the lgends about the earliest ancestors of Taoist immortals.As early as in the Qing and Ming Dynasties, clay status, wood engraving and stone carving were reputed as “the Three Wonders to the South of the Yangtze River.”

All through the dynasties Nanyue Temple has been a thriving place to hold religious activities both for the feudal imperial courts and the ordinary people.Every year the temple greets nearly 1.000.000 pilgrims.The offerings, presentation, titles and other customs are almost the same as they were thousands years ago.There are “bowing pilgrimage” in which the pilgrims bow with each step or with every three steps , and “hunger pilgrimage” in which the pilgrims bow with each step or with every three steps.“And hunger pilgrimage” in which the pilgrims refrain from food during their trip.More often.pilgrims would set off in throngs.They wear gray clothes with a red cloth attached to their chest reading “Hengshan Mountain pilgrimage.” Holding buring incenses in hand.Those pious pilgrims chant pilgriming theme" to pray for the peace of the nation and the wealth of people, making it a really spectacular scene on the mountain.

第五篇：北京颐和园英文导游辞

The tour will take 4-6 hours.The route is as follows:

Out side the East Gate-side the East Gate –in front of the Hall of benevolence and Longevity-in front of Garden of Virtuous Harmony-in front of the Grand Theater Building-a lakeside walk from the Garden of Virtuous Harmony to the Hall o Jade Ripples-in front of the o Jade Ripples-in front of the Yiyunguan(Chamber of Mortal Being)-Hall of happiness and longevity-in front of the Yaoyue(Chamber of Mortal Beings)-Hall of Happiness and Longevity-in front of the Yaoyue(Inviting the Moon)Gate of the Long Corridor-strolling along the Long Corridor-visiting an exhibition of cultural relics-in front of the Hall of Dispelling Clouds-inside the Hall of Dispelling Clouds-atop the Tower of Buddhist Incense-on a hilltop leading from the back door of the Tower of Buddhist Incense-on a hilltop leading from the back door of the Tower of Buddhist Incense-inside the Garden of Harmonious Interest –outside the south gate to Suzhou Shopping Street-atop the stone bridge inside the Suzhou shopping street –on the road from the south gate of suzhou shopping street-on the road form the south gate of suzhou shopping street to the marble boat-in front of the ruins of the Garden of complete spring –along the lakeside by the marble boat-boating on the Kunming Lake-leaving out through the East Gate.

(Out side the east gate)

Ladies and Gentlemen: Welcome to the Summer palace.(After the self-introduction of the guide-interpreter)I hope this will be an interesting and enjoyable day for you.During our tour, you will be introduced to time honored historical and cultural traditions, as well as picturesque views and landscapes.The construction of the Summer palace first started in 1750.At that time, the Qing Dynasty was in its heyday and China was a powerful Asian country with vast territories.The monarch in power then was Emperor Qianlong.With supreme power and large sums of money, he summoned skillful and ingenious artisans from all over the country to carry out this construction work in honor of his mother `s birthday.After 15 years and one seventh of the nation` s annual revenue spent, the Garden of Clear Ripples was completed and served as a testimony to China` s scientific and technological achievements.In 1860, this vast royal garden was burnt down along with the Yuanming Yuan(Garden of perfection and Brightness)by Angol-French allied forces.In 1888, Empress Dowager Cixi reconstructed the garden on the same site and renamed it the Garden of Nurtured Harmony(Summer palace).Characterized by its vast scope and rich cultural embodiments, the Summer palace has become one of the most famous tourist sites in the world.This is the main entrance to the Summer palace-the East Gate On top of the eaves of the door there is a plaque bearing a Chinese inscription which means “Garden of Nurtured Harmony” , whose calligrapher was Emperor Guangxu.The gate that you are now entering was used exclusively by the emperor, the empress and the queer mother.All others used the side doors.(Inside the East Gate)

the Summer palace can be divided into two parts: Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake.The whole garden covers an area of 290 hectares, of whih three-fourths consists of a lake and rivers.This imperial garden features 3,000 room-units and covers an expanse of 70,000 square meters with more than 100 picturesque spots of interest.The layout of the Summer palace includes three groups of architectures: palaces where the emperor attended to state affairs, resting palaces of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing areas.Entering the East Gate we will come the the office quarters.Entering the East gate we will come to the office quarters.The annex halls on both sides were used for officials on duty.This is the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity.Above the door there is a plaque bearing the same name in both Chinese and Manchurian characters.The gigantic rock in the foreground is known as Taihu rock, or eroded limestone, quarried in Jiangsu province and placed here to decorated the garden.On the marble terrace sits a bronze mythical beast, known as Qilin or Xuanni.It was said to the one of the nine sons of Dragon King.A point of peculiar interest is that it has the head of a dragon, antlers of a deer, the tail of a lion and hooves of a ox, and is covered with a unique skin.IT was considered an auspicious creature that brought peace and prosperity.This grand hall is the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity.It was built in 1750 , and was known as the Hall of Industrious Government.Emperor Qianlong ruled that the halls where monarchs attended to state affairs would be named after them.After the rebuilding of the Summer palace, the hall was renamed, suggesting that benevolent rulers would enjoy long lives.The arrangement of the hall has been left untouched.In the middle of the hall stands a throne made of sandalwood and carved with beautiful designs.In the background there is a screen carved with nine frolicking dragons.On either side of the throne there are two big fans made of peacock feathers, two column-shaped incense burners, crane-shaped lanterns and an incense burner assuming the form of Luduan, a mythological animal which was suppose to have the power to prevent fire.The small chambers on eight side were where the Emperor Qianlong and Empress Dowager Cixi rested and met officials on formal occasions.On the verandah in the foreground of the hall there are bronze statues of dragon and phoenixes which served as incense burners on major occasions.They are hollow and smoke comes through holes on their backs.Also on the veranda are Tai ping(peace)bronze water vats made during the reign of Emperor Qianlong.As a precaution in case of fire, a fire was lit underneath the vats in the winter to keep the water in them from freezing.(At the entrance of Garden of Virtuous Harmony)

we are now visiting the Garden of Virtuous Harmony, where Emperor Qianlong and Empress Dowager Cixi were entertained with Beijing Opera performances.IT mainly consists of the Dressing House, The Grand Theater Building and the Hall of pleasure smiles.The grand Theater Building known as the “Cradle of Beijing Opera” was uniquely laid out and magnificently decorated.On September 10, 1984, the Garden of Virtuous Harmony opened its doors to visitors.There are also 7 exhibition halls with articles of daily use on display here.The staff here put up court dresses of Qing Dynasty in order to give the visitor a more vivid impression.(In front of the Grand Theater Building)

this building is 21 meters in height and 17 meters in width and features three tiers of tilted eaves and stages.All of the stages are connected to a raise ,and a winch is installed at the top.A well and 5 ponds were sunk under the ground stage.There are trapdoors in the ceiling for fairies to descend, as well as on the floor for demons to surface.The underground passages also served as a means of improving resonance and making the performers` voices more audible.Of the three main theater building of the Qing Dynasty, the Grand Theater Building is the tallest and the largest.The other two are Changyin(Fluent Voice)pavilion in Chengde, an imperial summer resort.The building played a major part in fostering the birth and development of Beijing opera: since the completion of the Grand Theater Building, many performances were held in it in honor of the Empress Dowager Cixi.(A lakeside walk from the Garden of Virtuous Harmony to the Hall of Jade Ripples)

we are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the Hall of Benevolent and longevity.It appears that there` s nothing special ahead.However, after we clear the rockery, we will reach Kunming Lake.This is a application of a specific style of Chinese gardening.Not far away in the lake there is a islet.It is filled with peach and weeping willow trees and serves as a ideal place to appreciate the scenery.The pavilion on the islet is called Zhichun(Understanding Spring)pavilion and is chardcterized by four-edged, multiple eaved roofs.(In front of the Hall of Jade Ripples)

this group of special and quiet courtyard dwelling is the Hall of jade Ripples.It was first used by Emperor Qianlong to attend to state affairs.IT was also where Emperor Guangxu of the late Qing dynasty was kept under house arrest.This hall is a hallmark of the Reform Movement of 1898, Emperor Guanxu was Empress Dowager Cixi` s nephew.After Emperor Tongzhi died, Empress Dowager Cixi made her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order to continue her wielding of power behind the scenes.When Emperor Guanxu was 19 years old ,Empress Dowager Cixi relinquished power to him but continued to exert considerable influence.In 1898, the Reform Movement took place with the aim of sustaining the corn principles of the Qing Dynasty while reforming outdated laws.The movement lasted for 103 days until it was suppressed by Empress Dowager Cixi.The emperor` s six earnest reformists were beheaded and Emperor Guangxu was placed under house arrest which lasted for 10 years.All the back doors were sealed and a brick was was put up behind the wooden partition on each side of the two annexes of the courtyard.Emperor Guangxu was closely watched by eunuchs.The wall remains intact for tourists to see..Dynasty while reforming outdated laws.The movement lasted for 103 days until it was suppressed by Empress Dowager Cixi.The emperor` s six earnest reformists were beheaded and Emperor Guangxu was placed under house arrest which lasted for 10 years.All the back doors were sealed and a brick was was put up behind the wooden partition on each side of the two annexes of the courtyard.Emperor Guangxu was closely watched by eunuchs.The wall remains intact for tourists to see.(In front of Yiyunguan(Chamber of Mortal Beings)

this was where Empress and empress dowager of China` s feudal system.However, Emperor Guanxu was not the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty.The last in the line was Emperor puyi, who ascended the throne in 1908 at the age of three, too young to be married.In 1912, he was forced to abdicate.During the short reign of Emperor puyi.Empress Longyu handled state affairs on his behalf in the name of Empress Dowager.In 1911, a revolution led by Dr.Sun Yat-sun succeeded, and the year after, Empress Longyu announced the abdication of the last emperor of China.(In the Hall of Happiness and Longevity)

the aged empress Dowager Cixi was so fond of the Summer palace that she decided to live here from April through October of every year.This group of buildings served as her residence.This group of courtyard dwellings consists of a forecourt and a backyard with annex courts on each side.The whole compound was basically made of wood, which is ideal for ventilation and lighting.With its quiet and tasteful layout, the Hall of Happiness and Longevity made life very easy and convenient.No wonder one of Empress Dowager Cixi` s pleasure boat.On the pier there is a tall lantern post.Flanking the staircase leading to the main entrance of the hall, there are bronze cranes, deer and vases, symbolizing universal peace.The interior layout is the same as the imperial court, with throne, a large table and incense burners placed in the middle.At mealtime, eunuchs-in –waiting would make a gigantic table out of this table and Empress Dowager Cixi would dine on 128 courses.Because of this more than 1,800 tales of silver would be spent each month on meals.On the east side of the Living Room is the Cloak Room.The bedroom in on its west.In front of the yaoyue(Inviting the Moon)Gate of the Long Corridor

The famed Long Corridor is ahead.Facing Kunming lake and in the foreground of Longevity Hill, the Long Corridor stretches from Yaoyue(Inviting the Moon)Gate to Shizhang(Stony Old Man)pavilion.IT is 728 meters in length and consist of 273 sections and connects four octagonal pavilions.In 1990 ,it was listed in Guinness Book of World Records.(In the front of the Tower of Buddhist Incense)

An octagonal structure with three storeys and quadruple eaves, the Tower of Buddhist Incense is the very center of the Summer palace, and is one of the masterpieces of ancient Chinese architecture.The tower is 41 meters in height, and is buttressed by 8 solid pillars made of lignumvitae logs.With its complex structure, ingenious layout, towering terrace and convincing grandeur, the Tower of Buddhist Incense was artfully set out by the imperial gardens and beautiful scenery surrounding it.The Tower overlooks Kunming Lake and other picturesque spots within an area of tens of kilometers.On the west side of the Tower stands Baoyunge(precious Cloud pavilion).IT is made of bronze and is7.5 meters in height and 270 tons in weight.It resembles its wooden counterparts in every detail.It is one of the largest and most exquisite bronze pavilions still on existence in China.Lamas prayed here during the reign of Emperor Qianlong in honor of the monarchs and their families.At the turn of the century 10 bronze windows were spirited abroad.In 1992 an American company bought the windows and returned them intact to China.(On a hilltop leading from the back door of Tower of Buddhist Incense)

Now we can see the long and snaking Western Causeway and a shorter dike that divides Kunming Lake into three areas that contain South Lake Island, Seaweed-viewing Island and circle city island.The three island represent three mountain in ancient Chinese mythology, i.e.penglai, Fangzhang and Yingzhou.This peculiar method of incorporating a lake a three mountains within a single garden was a brainchild of Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty more than 2,000 years ago, bearing testimony to feudal monarchs` s longing for longevity.As the legend goes many heavenly elixirs grew on the three mythical islands.Using artificial building techniques, the ancient Chinese built this masterpiece based on the myth to make the mythical on appear to be accessible to humans.(Inside the Garden of Harmonious Interest)

Setting a garden within a larger garden has been one of China traditional architectural styles.The Garden of Harmonious Interest serves as a fine example of this.This Garden was built under the order of Emperor Qianlong and modeled after the Jichang Garden(Garden of Ease of Mind)at the foot of Mount Huishan, Jiansu province.IT was renamed by his son Emperor Jiaqing in 1811.The existing Garden was rebuilt by Emperor or Guangxu.Empress Dowager Cixi used to go fishing here.The Garden features 10 waterfront platforms, pavilions and halls as well as hundreds of galleries

With all of its structures facing the lake and pools, the Garden of Harmonious Interest is basically a garden of waterscape.Spanning the vast expanse of the lake and pools are five bridges, each quite different from the others.The most famous of them is the bridge known as “Knowing –the Fishing-bridge.” IT is said that more than 2,500 years ago during the Warring States period, two philosophere named Zhuang Zi had an interesting argument by the side of a pond.Zhang said, ”Fish swim to and fro in the water.What happy fish!”

Hui asked , ”You are not a fish.How do you know they are happy? ”

Zhuang replied, “You are not me.How do you know I don’t know? ”

Hui signed, “I am not you ,therefore, I don’t know you.And you are not a fish ,so how

do you know that fish are happy? ”

Zhang said, “you ask me how I know fish are happy, why do you keeping me the same question?”

Although The Garden of Harmonious Interest was designed after Jichang Garden, it not only absorbed the original designs, but exceeded it.(Outside the south entrance to Suzhou Shopping Street)

Now lets have a look at longevity Hill.On the back slope of the Hill stands a group of architectures.The centerpiece of structures there are known as the Four Continents and are dedicated to Buddhism.This group was laid out and arranged in accordance with Buddhist cosmology.Aside from a main shrine and structures embodying the Four Continents, there are eight towers representing Minor Continents.The shrine is surrounded by four Lamaist pagodas and between the major and minor continents, there two platforms representing the sun and the moon.(Boating on Kunmin Lake)

we are now going to enjoy the lakeside scenery from a pleasure boat.As a main part of the Summer palace, Kunming Lake covers an area of 220 hectares, or three fourths of the combined space of this summer resort.This natural lake is more than 3500 years old.This lake was originally called Wengshan Lake.In 1749 Emperor Qianlong ordered the construction of Qingyi Garden, the predecessor of the Summer palace.Involving nearly 10,000 laborers, the lake was expanded and turned into a peach-shaped reservoir, the first of its kind for Beijing.From 1990 to 1991, the Beijing Municipal Government ordered the first dredging of the lake in 240 years.Involving 200,000 men and hundreds of dredgers and other tools, a total of 625,600 cubic meters of sludge was dredged and 205 bombs dropped by the Japanese during the Anti-Japanese War were removed.The summer palace set a precedent for sightseeing by boat.There used to be a large imperial flotilla, of which the “Kunming Merry Dragon” was the most famous.It was destroyed by the Anglo-French allied forces in 1860.To make the tour of the Summer palace a more pleasant one, a large pleasure boat “Tai He ”(Supreme Harmony)was built.This double –decked boat is 37.09 meters long,8,59 meters wide and 10.49 meters high.It can travel at a speed of 9 kilometer per hour.Small pleasure boats are also available to tourist.Another major spot of interest on the Western causeway is Jingming(Bright View)Hall.Both its front and rear face the lake.This structure also features three two-storeyed halls of varying heights.Our tour is drawing to a close as we approach the shore.Today we only visited the major scenic areas of the Summer palace.I have left other spot of interest for your next visit.I will show you out through the East Gate.I hope you enjoyed today` s tour.Thank you.Good-bye and good luck.