杨澜北大演讲 [5篇范文]

第一篇：杨澜北大演讲

杨澜北大演讲

个人的成长需要寻找三个坐标

在我来之前，曾委托院方向同学们征集问题，杨澜北大演讲。我注意到大家都希望我来谈谈“如何成功?”这个问题。说实在的，这个题目，让我感觉很惶恐。首先现代社会的多元化，对于什么是成功，没有一个统一的说法。我不敢肯定自己是不是成功。因为一个人的成功与否更多的是你周围的人对你的评价和判断。正如古人所说：是非审之于己，毁誉听之于人。的确，毁誉就不是自己能说了算的。再者我认为所谓的成功，在很大程度上取决于机遇，外界的环境等等的影响，很难在人与人之间进行一种简单的复制。甚至可以说，成功是难以把握的。成功是一种结果，而今天，我更想谈一谈这个过程，也就是成长。对于我来说，我有一个很深的体会就是：人生在世，你唯一能够有把握的也就是成长。因此，我把“成长：你唯一的把握”作为今天与大家交流的题目。

什么是个人的成长?我觉得我做了母亲以后，我对成长有了一个更新的认识。有一次，我女儿幼儿园的老师给孩子们出了一道题：“如果世界上只有一种颜色…….”让孩子们自己来回答。有的小朋友说：“如果只有一种颜色，就不可能有彩虹了。”有的小朋友说：“我最喜欢粉红色，如果只有一种颜色，我希望是粉红色。” …….我注意到我女儿的回答，她对老师说：“如果只有一种颜色，那么连白天和黑夜都没有。”所以，我觉得一个孩子的成长，就是他对外部世界的不断探索和认知的过程。

那么对于一个成年人来讲，什么是一个人的成长?以前的儒家思想要求人成长的轨迹是：修身、齐家、治国、平天下。而哲学家罗素则认为，人的成长要遇到三个方面的矛盾：一是人与自然环境的矛盾，二是人与社会，也就是人与人的矛盾，三是人与自己的矛盾。我觉得，人的成长过程实际上就是不断地寻找自己人生坐标的过程。人从小到大，视野不断开阔、知识不断丰富、经验不断积累，从而越来越深刻地认识自己，同时也在认识周围世界，我想恐怕这就是人的成长过程了。人的成长路径不同，人生追求也千差万别，无论成功与否，人的最终归宿大致是相同的。而区别就在于每个人所走过的道路不同，每个人对自己人生的了解程度和自己内心的真实体验是不可复制的。人的成长就是要不断地突破自己的小环境，而进入一个更广阔世界的过程。这种突破，不仅要突破物理空间的界限，也要突破心灵空间的界限。

然而，对于个人的成长，什么是最重要呢?每个人可能侧重不同，而我今天还是想就这三个方面：人与外部世界、人与人、人与自己来谈。我觉得对于人的成长，要是寻找坐标的话，应该去寻找以下三个坐标：一是时代的坐标、二是与别人比较，你的比较优势是什么?三是自己内心的坐标。

个人的成长需要寻找时代的坐标

先来说说时代的坐标，今天我们在座的一位主任的儿子18岁，要考大学了。虽然，高考对我来说，已经过去了许多年。但现在想起来，还是有一种胆战心惊的感觉。在座的各位也都是经过高考的鏖战了。记得当时要考大学了，我不知道自己要学什么。我想去学电影导演，而我父亲不愿我去从事艺术。我对社会学、历史学感兴趣，想去学历史。我父亲就问我：那你毕业后，打算去做什么工作呀?经过许多的犹豫和彷徨之后，我父亲最终帮我做了一个决定。他说：你还是去学英语吧。中国正在改革开放，正在逐渐与世界融合。无论将来在哪个领域，英语都会成为一个有用的工具。而且等到你再成熟一点之后，还可以有进一步选择的自由。这样，当时我就选择了去北外学英语。但是我越来越感觉到，外语绝对不仅仅是一种工具，她让你得到了一种新的思维方式，甚至是让你进入了一个新的世界。

我在接到这次演讲的邀请后，对自己的职业生涯进行了一下梳理。发现其实我一直在做的就是一件事：做一个沟通者，一个中国文化与外部世界的一个沟通者。如果大家还记得《正大综艺》的话，就会对90年代初的中国社会有一个大致的认识。也许那时大家都还校那个时候，决大多数的国人都没出过国。但是看看现在发展多快啊!正如余华在《兄弟》一书的最后所说：别的国家四百年的经历，我们却在四十年就全部经历了，这是一个被压缩的历史过程。那么这个过程当中，人们对外部世界的需求，就不仅仅是《正大综艺》时，那些走马观花啊，去看看人家厨房是什么样子?去看看人家在吃什么、穿什么?而更多的是对外部世界一种更深层次的需求。那么在这个时候，我开始从做旅游类、综艺类的节目去开始做人物的访谈。从98年到现在，我已做过四百多位国际知名人士的访问了。我想这个过程也是中国不断加深了她与世界的融合程度，也是西方世界和外部世界对中国逐渐加深了解的过程。这一过程其实在我的节目中也能反映出来。

说到英语，还有一个小插曲，当时，我在考《正大综艺》时，虽然我既不是广院，也不是艺术院校毕业的，但却占了一个便宜。就是当时制片方要找一个懂点英语的主持人。经过了七轮的竞争，到进入最后一轮决赛时，就剩下我和另外一个女孩子了。要求我们在门口准备五分钟，准备用英语介绍自己和讲讲为什么喜欢这个节目。若干年后，当时的制片人，也就是对我有知遇之恩的辛少英导演与别人谈起那段往事。说：当时杨澜给我留下一个很深的印象的就是，虽然当时每个女孩子非常希望自己得到那个主持人的位置，而且每个人只有三分钟的时间准备，但我路过时，发现杨澜还在辅导另外那个女孩子的英文。所以当时就觉得这个女孩很特别。其实当时我很自信，心想，我是学英语出身，别人在英语上有些地方没搞清楚，我就帮她准备几句。所以这些年来回头看看，我非常感谢父亲当年为我作出的这个决定。因此英语对我而言，不仅仅是个工具。利用它，我不仅可以做采访，搜集更多的资料，更让我进入一种文化的比较，对于不同世界的一种比较。

这种体验在我代表北京做奥运陈述时，感觉尤其强烈。记得当时在莫斯科，那天中午大家都比较紧张。虽然大家都觉得很有希望，但总怕有什么闪失。后来许多人问我，杨澜你当时紧张不紧张?说实在的，我只是在进入大厅前，有点紧张，手心有点冷汗，但当何振梁先生宣布，该我做陈述了，我突然感觉特别放松，这我在做主持都很少见。当然，我也是嘟囔很多遍了，准备的应该没问题了。更重要的是，我觉得我不是一个人在这儿说，也不等待他们对我的评价，而是我有话要告诉对方，而且这对于他们很重要。所以也就是这一心态，把紧张、生怕自己出错、患得患失这些，给压过去了。专心于把我们想说的话，传递给了这个世界。

寻找时代的坐标需要了解时代的特征

既然我们要寻找这个时代的特征，那么这个时代有什么特征呢?我觉得有三点。

1.世界越来越变得扁平化了：

有一个叫托马斯·弗里德曼的人写了一本书，名字是《World is flat》(世界是平的)。书中讲了三次全球化浪潮：第一次是哥伦布发现新大陆，是以国家为单位的全球化扩张时期，在全球范围内摄取生产资料和市场;第二次是从美国经济大萧条、一战和二战开始，是跨国公司为单位的全球化扩张时期，也是为获取生产资料和市场;第三次是随着互联网技术的应用，以个人为单位开始进行全球性伸展的时代。也就是说，你学的可能是很冷僻的印度梵文，却能在德国找到知音，并通过互联网结成网上的社区。还比如，过去美国中学生的足球比赛，大众传媒是不可能转播的，而现在通过网上IpTV就可以转播。通过互联网，使能几百万人同时观看这一比赛。越来越多的，以个人为单位，你可以在全球范围内，摄取你所要的信息和服务。给予个人很多权利，英文叫Empowerment，赋予个人更多能力的时代。我采访过E-Bay的总裁惠特曼，她被评为世界上最有权力的女性。因为E-Bay主导了大量的网上交易。我当时问她：对于这一称谓，是否感到开心?她是怎样理解权力的?她说：实际上，权力给人的印象一直不太好，权力被认为是控制别人的一种力量。但是她认为：在新的网络时代，权力不再意味着控制。因为E-BAY不可能控制网上的交易者。她的权力是体现在能够帮助许多人成功。比如说帮助一些身体有残疾，不能正常工作的人，在自己的家里开一个小店，通过网上交易，实现正常的收入，过上了比较富裕的生活。所以在网络时代，并不是说，让你干什么或不让你干什么，而是能帮你干什么，这可能是与以往世界有很大不同的一点。

2.需要想象力和创新的时代：

过去我们谈到知识产权，总觉得是美国人、欧洲人给了我们很大的压力，才要保护知识产权。但现在，无论政府还是民间，都认识到保护知识产权就是在鼓励创新。我们不仅希望全世界的很多产品都是Made in China，更希望是Created in China(中国原创)。这种创造力远比单纯的制造,更能保证一个国家的长期发展。爱因斯坦说：想象力比知识更重要。无论是在大家熟悉的医学领域、其它科学领域、人文领域，很多重大的发明和发现，最初都是由一个假想开始的。刚才还在和韩院士和刘博士探讨医学需要不需要想象力。按说对人的身体总不能乱想吧，但是象幽门杆菌与胃溃疡的关系，基因螺旋体的构想，也都是来自想象力。一个外国教授曾说过，如果给中国学生一个假想，他们会做出很好的推论，但却不是假想的提出者。但我想随着教育体制和社会氛围的变化，会有越来越多的中国人提出假想，并得以求证。

刚才大家也看到了，就是我今年开始做的一本用我的名字命名的电子杂志。是针对城市职业女性的一本女性杂志。这本杂志在短短的三四个月，从第三期开始，就突破了每期100万的下载量。到第八期和第九期，下载量已经突破了200万份。这对于我们做传媒的人来说，就是创新。因为在过去，报纸就是报纸，杂志就是杂志，电视就是电视。而现在通过这本电子杂志，我们可以把视频、电脑动画、互动问卷等所有有趣的东西，都结合进来。那个感觉，用我们一位主编的话，就象每天在编哈里波特的杂志。这无论对我们传媒人还是受众，都是一种新鲜的刺激。对于社会来说，我们希望我们的社会能减少创新的成本，而增加创新的回报。

3.时代的第三个特点就是边界不断被冲破，而走向融合：

一星期前，我在北京接待了一个朋友的朋友，他是洛杉矶西奈山医院的医疗部主任，这家医院是好莱坞最高档的一家医院。我问他来做什么?他说是来发展业务。我就问他来中国发展什么业务?他说：我知道中国的医生医术都很高明，而我们可以提供一些高端复杂的医疗技术，比如脑部手术的服务。也就是说，他是来中国发展病人的。过去医院都是比较Local的，地方性的。而现在通过网络，可以进行网上会诊，远程临床的讲解等等，这都是很大的突破。再有，我采访过一些艾滋病的专家，他们说以前只是要了解疾病本身的原因，针对原因治疗就行了。而现在在艾滋病的治疗中，必须学习临床心理学。因为这些病人往往承受很大的社会压力和心理负担。如果从心理上不对这些病人进行疏导，治疗效果也不能得到充分的体现。所以在医学领域，这种跨界的学习和交流越来越多了，越来越把人作为一个整体来看。五一期间，我去了敦煌，感觉到那里的大唐气象，即使是在一千年后，也给人以震撼。不仅是那些绘画的生动和颜色依然保持那样的鲜艳，而是儒、道、释三种文化的交融，人物神态的生动，服饰的多样，让你感到，盛唐气象实际是一种文化融合的现象。有幅壁画给我印象很深，画的是许多穿着华贵衣服的仕女。经讲解，知道画的是那时当地一位节度使的家眷。这个节度使家族一代一代，在当地统治了百余年。那么他是怎样保持地方的稳定，和文化的融合呢?他是靠联姻的方式，儿子迎娶当时西域各国的公主，又把女儿嫁给各国的君主、王子。通过血液的融合，而达到了一个地区政治、经济的相对稳定，也保证了当地文化的繁荣。今天再依靠这种血缘关系，恐怕就很难实现。而我们更需要的是文化的融通。虽然现在具备了技术上的条件，但大家并不是都准备好了。比如语言就是一个很大的问题。也是五一期间，我陪几位美国朋友先去敦煌，后又去丽江。到了丽江，一位美国朋友要等一个传真，就和酒店的服务生说：我要我的FAX，演讲稿《杨澜北大演讲》。大概是服务生的语言没有过关，所以一开始没明白什么意思，后来突然恍然大悟，说：我知道老外要什么了，他要Sex。就在他的房间里放了一些避-孕-套，弄得我这位朋友哭笑不得。(全场大笑)。所以说语言是很大的问题。特别是2008奥运会临近了，我一点不担心场馆的建设，交通、空气啊，我想这些都会管理的很好。但语言会有问题。并不是每个人会说Hello，Good-bay就行了，而需要更深层次的交流。再有，就是思维方式的不同。比如说我刚去美国的时候，有点不习惯，就是我们在国内，向外国介绍中国的时候，总是说中国有四大发明，有老子、孔子、孟子等，用这些来说明我们的文化。但我发现其实这很难说清楚。因为在国际通用的语言里，并没有四大发明这个固定词组。而其它重大的技术发明和科学原理的发现，还有很多，如果你给人讲，我们的孔子是如何重视礼，如何重视仁，如何普及了教育和文化。那么人家看到一个随地吐痰的中国人，在公共场合大声喧哗的中国人和在听音乐会时不关手机的中国人，恐怕给人家讲多少遍孔子和孟子也没用。据统计文化一共有183种定义。其中有物质生活层面的，象景德镇的瓷器;有精神生活层面的，象我们的昆曲、京剧，武术。而更重要的，也是更直观的，应该是生活方式和思维方式这个层面的。前不久，看了新闻，由斯皮尔伯格担任顾问，张艺谋、陈维亚担任导演的奥运会开、闭幕式的创作班底已经组成。我想他们遇到的最大的问题，并不是怎样展示一个正在腾飞的中国的气象，这并不难。展示古老文明的悠久也不难。最难的是，怎样让人家心动起来。不是说一万人的震耳欲聋的安塞锣鼓，就能打动人。而是现在的中国有什么能感动人。我觉得如果能做到这一点，东西方文明才真正达成一种交流。刚才说的是在我们这个时代的层面里，大家都可以试着找找自己的定位。无论是中国与世界的融合;还是自己学术和专业领域的创新;还是通过信息技术，扩大自己知识搜索和捕捉的范围，这些都会对个人的成长有很大的好处。就个人的品质而言，逆流而上固然是令人钦佩的，但是，我觉得我们每个人还是很渺小的，当我们设计自己的成长之路时，我们还是要顺应时代的潮流，借潮流之势，推动自己事业的发展。

个人的成长需要找到自己的比较优势

人与人虽然没有优劣之分，但却有很大不同。一次参加一个论坛，有位教授说了一个观点：一个人不需要每件事都做的好。其实只要一件事做的好，你就有下一次机会。我觉得很有道理。象我遇到很多做记者的同行，他们说：杨澜你多幸运，能采访那么多国家元首和政府首脑，我们都没有这个机会。而我其实是从采访一个区长开始的。所以要是区长没采访好，就不要去采访市长;市长没采访好，就不要采访部长;等部长采访好了，再想副总理、总理、总统。

对于医学，我不是很懂，但我也了解到，也有这种比较优势存在。有的医学生，在学校理论学的很好，但手比较笨，所以在临床上就不适合做外科医生。有的理论学的不是很精专，但手很灵巧，就可以成为外科的“一把刀“。这就是每个人有不同的比较优势。

一般来讲，一个人刚刚大学毕业，走上工作岗位的时候，容易产生这种思想：我一定要做一项很有意义的工作，或者我很有兴趣的工作。其实根本不用着急。可以先做一些看上去“大材小用”，或者完全事务性的工作。但如果你能在这件工作上做得比别人好一点点，不需要很多，你就有下一次机会去做更大的事。但如果你什么都不做，停在那儿抱怨：我在其它方面还比他们强呢。那根本没用，这个世界没有人想听这样的话。大家只关注你做事的结果。所以你只要在某一方面，比别人好一点点，你就有成长的机会。

两年前，当时的俄罗斯总理卡西亚诺夫来中国访问，只停留两天，就接受了一个采访，就是我的采访。应该说，作为民间的传媒机构，能得到这样的机会很难。所以我很好奇，问他为什么会接受我的采访?他的随行人员告诉我：很有意思，是因为在这之前，我采访过他的副总理。副总理告诉他：如果你去中国，应该接受这个女记者的采访，她提的问题很有水平。我听了之后很高兴。但是我想说，这种口口相传，千万不要小看。你做的每件事都会对你今后的成长产生影响。希望更多的是正面的影响而不是负面的影响。

为什么当时我会离开《正大综艺》?这是不断有人问我的问题。我不知道是否说清楚了，激流勇退也好，有学习的精神也好，这都不是问题的实质。实质是，我觉得我不擅长做综艺节目。我既不会唱歌，也不会跳舞，更不会演小品。只有一次和赵忠祥老师合作演魔术，叫什么大变活人。还没走出去呢，就让别人认出来了。魔术的效果一点没有。所以我想，我真是没有什么艺术天才。我还是老老实实做自己能做好的事。我什么事情做的好呢?也许从小受家庭影响，我还比较喜欢读书，还有学习的能力。所以日后开始做访谈节目，每次我都是坚持尽可能得阅读相关的资料，看所有的东西。按别人的说法：这很笨，主持人就是靠口才好，现场反应快就行了。我恰恰认为不是这样。拿我做访谈节目来说，你事先准备的程度和你做出的节目的效果完全是成正比的。

我还记得我第一次采访基辛格博士，那时我还在美国留学，刚刚开始做访谈节目，特别没有经验。问的问题都是东一榔头，西一棒子的，比如问：那时周总理请你吃北京烤鸭，你吃了几只啊?(全场笑)。你一生处理了很多重大的外交事件，你最骄傲的是什么?这类问题。当然我也在电视上看过别人问这类问题。凡是问这类问题，就是事先没做准备。后来在中美建交三十周年时，我再次采访了基辛格博士。那时我就知道再也不能问北京烤鸭这类问题了。虽然只有半小时，我们的团队把所有有关的资料都搜集了，从他在哈佛当教授时的论文、演讲，到他的传记，有这么厚厚的一摞，还有七本书。都看完了，我也晕了，记不清看的什么。虽然采访只有27分钟，但非常有效。真是准备了一桶水，最后只用了一滴。但是你这些知识的储备，都能使你在现场把握住问题的走向。记得我问他的最后一个问题是：这是一个全球化的时代，有很多共赢和合作的机会，但也出现了宗教的、种族的、文化的强烈冲突，你认为我们这个世界到底往哪去?和平在多长时间内是有可能的?他就直起身说，你问了一个非常好的问题。随即阐述了一个他对和平的理解：和平不是一个绝对的和平，而是不同的势力在冲突和较量中所达到的一个短暂的平衡状态。把他外交的理念与当今的世界包括中东的局势结合，做一番分析和解说。这个采访做完，很多外交方面的专家认为很有深度。虽然我看了那么多资料，可能能用上的也就一两个问题，但事先准备绝对是有用的。所以我一直认为要做功课。我不是一个特别聪明的人，但是一个还算勤奋的人。通过做功课来弥补自己的不足。

作为记者和访谈节目的主持人，我也许还有一个比较优势，就是容易和别人交流。96年我在美国与东方卫视合作一个节目叫《杨澜视线》介绍百老汇的歌舞剧和美国的一些社会问题。其中有一集就是关于肥胖的问题。一位体重在三百公斤以上的女士，接受了我的采访。大家可以想象，一般的椅子她坐不下，宽度不够，我就找来另外的椅子，亲自搬来，请她坐下，与她交谈。最后她说：我一直不知道中国的记者采访会是什么样?但我很愿意接受你的采访。我就问她为什么?她说别的记者来采访，都是带着事先准备的题目，在我这挖几句话，去填进他们的文章里。而你是真正对我有兴趣的。这句话给我的印象很深。所以在镜头面前也好，在与人交流时也好，你对对方是否有兴趣，对方是完全可以察觉的。你的一举一动、你的眼神都在建立一个气场，所以我能建立这样一个气场，就适合做访谈节目。

去年年底，采访马来西亚巴达维总理。我们事先研究资料时发现，那年他的妻子刚刚去世，就想是不是应该问一问这方面的问题?因为他们感情很好。但坐在你对面的毕竟是一个总理，一上来就问人家妻子去世的事，很唐突，也不礼貌。在谈完了许多政治方面的话题之后，就想怎样让他自己把这个问题谈出来。所以我就决定这样问他：在过去的2005年发生了很多事，但对你影响最大的事情是什么?他就说，对我来说，2005年是哀痛的一年，因为我妻子去世了。一直讲了十几分钟的时间，将他和他妻子的感情，她最后的日子，讲的非常好。采访结束后，他的新闻秘书就说，你们中国记者真有本事，因为我们的总理在公共场合从来不谈个人生活。我估计是我的气场把他罩住了。

所以这是我对自己的比较优势的一个挖掘。其实你们在座的各位都有自己的比较优势。可以考虑考虑这个问题。当然这不会一开始就知道，只能通过尝试做不同的事情才知道。对于我来说，我已经做电视，做了十七年，中间也经历了许多挫折。比较大的，大家可能也知道，就是2000年在香港创办阳光卫视，虽然当时是抱着一个人文理想在做这件事，至今我也没后悔，但由于商业模式和现有的市场规则不是很符合，确实经历了许多商业上的挫折。这让我很苦恼，因为我觉得自己已经这么努力了。甚至怀孕的时侯，还在进行商业谈判。从小到大，我所接受的教育就是：只要你足够努力，你就会成功。但后来发现不是这样。如果一开始，你的策略，你的定位有偏差的话，你无论怎样努力也是不能成功的。

后来我去上海的中欧商学院进修CEO课程，一个老师讲到一个商人和一个士兵的区别;士兵是接到一个命令，哪怕打到最后一发子弹，牺牲了，也要坚守阵地。而商人在好象是在一个大厅，随时要注意哪个门能开，我就从哪出去。一直在寻找流动的机会，并不断进出，来获取最大的商业利益。所以听完，我就心中有数了--我自己不是做商人的料。虽然可以很勤奋的去做，但从骨子里，这不是我的比较优势。在我职业生涯的前十五年，我都是一直在做加法，做了主持人，我就要求导演：是不是我可以自己来写台词。写了台词，就问导演：可不可以我自己做一次编辑?做完编辑，就问主任：可不可以让我做一次制片人?做了制片人，就想：我能不能同时负责几个节目。负责了几个节目后，就想能不能办个频道?人生中一直在做加法，加到阳光卫视，我知道了，人生中，你的比较优势可能只有一项或两项。

在做完一系列的加法后，我想该开始做减法了。因为我觉得我需要有一个平衡的生活。我不能这样疯狂的工作下去。所以就开始做减法。那么今天我想把自己定位于：一个懂得市场规律的文化人，一个懂得和世界交流的文化人。在做好主持人工作的同时，希望能够从事更多的社会公益方面的活动。所以可能在失败中更能认识自己的比较优势。当然我也希望大家付出的代价不要太大，就能了解自己的比较优势和缺陷所在。

个人的成长需要明确人与自己的关系

经常有人说，这个人有多重性格，其实我们每个人都有多重性格。总保持一致，不出现混乱，那我们就是神仙，不是人了。但是否可以通过成长，追求一个相对完整的人格呢?我认为是是可以有这样的机会的。虽然对于教育改革，大家都有不同的想法：说分数教育不好了，我们要进行素质教育，而素质教育后来又变成了学钢琴，学画画等技能的培养。但这是不是培养了想象力和创造力，也未见得。我觉得最欠缺的，从幼儿园开始，应该提到议事日程上的，是人格教育。、你在世界的很多地方都会听到一个词是INTEGRETY，这个词就是指人格的完整性。作为人应该有尊严，有行为的准则，这恰恰是我们教育中所欠缺的部分。其实大家都应该有这样的体会：无论人成功与否，人最大的快乐和痛苦都是来自精神层面的。

记得采访1998年诺贝尔化学奖获得者、美籍华人崔琦，是在普林斯顿大学。他讲到：自己出生在河南最贫穷的农村，十几岁前从未读过书，只是在家放猪。这时有了一个机会，可以出外读书，他母亲把家里仅有的面粉做了几个馒头，给他带上。跟他说：你要出去好好读书，只有这样才有前途。当时他还不太愿意出去，就问他妈妈：什么时候可以回来?他妈妈说：到秋收，你就能回来看我们了。这样他就和一个远房亲戚走了。可没想到，之后的战乱让他这一走，就再也没能回来，再也没见到他的父母。谈到这里，我问：“如果当年你妈妈不坚持把你送走，今天的崔琦又会怎样呢?其实我的问题是有诱导性的，我想让他说，人如果人不接受教育，会依旧很贫困这类的话。崔琦的回答大大出乎我的意料：“我其实并不在乎，如果我留在农村，也许我的父母就不会饿死。”因为他的父母是在五十年代末，活活饿死的。他的话给我很大的震撼。我在其它场合也经常说起这个故事。

虽然我是1998年采访他的，过了这么多年，至今有人问我采访了这么多人，给我印象最深的是谁时，我仍然是说他。诺贝尔奖算不算成功，应该算成功，对许多人都是终生难以企及的。但在亲情和人的伦理面前，相对于人的生命，就不那么重要了。所以我前面说，我们的时代是一个鼓励和刺激每个人要去追求成功的时代。但在成功之上，是不是还有些其它的东西，比如人格，是人生更重要的基础和基石。

另外一个给我印象很深的采访就是采访王光美女士。以前她给我的印象就是一个老革命。其实大家不知道，她是我国第一位核物理专业的女硕士。而且现在大家想得到的机会，当时她都有，出国留学、全额奖学金等等。但是作为当时一个有理想的年轻人，她有自己的追求，就毅然去了延安。后来的故事大家都知道了。但给我印象最深的是在特殊的年代中。大家可以想象当时她所经历的压力，那是一种排山倒海一样的，能把个人撕碎和吞噬掉的压力。但她并没有背叛自己的丈夫。她讲到，当时刘少奇被批斗，她也在旁边陪斗。有一次批斗会，刘少奇在一个舞台的中间，被揪打得很厉害。她不顾一切地就跑过去，拉着他的手，和他一起挨斗。这绝对不是一般人能做到的。但最让我感动的还不是她在巨大的灾难中所表现的原则和对自己感情的忠实。而是在特殊的年代过去之后，她给我讲到：当时她身边有个工作人员，教她小女儿唱打-倒她爸爸妈妈的歌谣，并怂恿女儿当着王光美的面唱。可以想象这种设计是非常刻薄和阴毒的。我就问她：你后来找到这个人了吗?她说：我不想知道。我要是想知道，这个人会倒霉的。所以我根本不去问，不去调查这件事。因此，她也是给我极大震撼的采访人物;在受到了一个巨大的不公之后，能去宽恕，不去追究，我认为这不是一般人能达到的境界。这些心灵的震撼和撞击，包括对我的人生观，都产生过一些非常大的影响。

毋庸质疑，我们现在这个社会是个繁荣的，一切都在建设当中，是有很多的希望。人家有美国梦，我们也可以有中国梦的，这样一个时代。诸位都有很好的前景。但是目前也有着巨大的生存压力，许多人是缺乏安全感的和心理平衡的。从医学上讲，恐怕也是诱发许多疾病的深层次原因。培养人格，我觉得特别是学医的人，在这方面的文化背景和熏陶中有着特别强烈的切合点。如果我们说以人为本，没有什么比医生更要以人为本了。医学在中国古代被称作“仁术”。

对于医生人格的培养，被希波克拉底和孙思邈都演绎得淋漓尽致了。大家恐怕早已知道，我在这里是班门弄斧了，不过当我查到孙思邈的《大医精诚》里的一段话，仍然特别感动：“凡大医治病，必当安神定志，无欲无求，先发大慈恻隐之心，誓愿普求含灵之苦。若有疾厄来求救者，不得问其贵贱贫富，长幼妍蚩，怨亲善友，华夷愚智，普同一等，皆如至亲之想，亦不得瞻前顾后，自虑吉凶，护惜身命。见彼苦恼，若己有之，深心凄怆，勿避险希、昼夜、寒暑、饥渴、疲劳，一心赴救，无作功夫形迹之心。如此可为苍生大医” 我觉得凡人成佛了也不过如此了。但是我想他为医生提出了一个极高的人格和道德要求，不用我赘言，大家都有这种心情的感应。这样真正的以人为本的精神，对于我们今天的社会，繁荣，些许有些嘈杂和混乱的社会非常有意义。

我们希望看到是一个有爱心的、和-谐的社会。当然这里也会有一些不和-谐的声音。我也在博客上写了：在这世界上，并非人人都有，被称为心的东西。那是因为前些天，看到深圳的歌手丛飞生前帮助了300多位贫困的学生来求学，但是当他去世后，有人采访这些学生的时候，有的学生就说：我怎么知道他有什么目的呢?有记者问：丛飞去世时家庭生活也很拮据，如果当时你知道，会帮助他吗?请注意，记者问的是你当时知道的话，完全是个假设，因为他已不在人世了。得到的回答是：我怎么帮他，我一月才挣三四千。说得非常理直气壮。请注意说这些话的，都是曾接受过他帮助的人。所以作为旁观者都觉得很寒心，我们这个社会真是什么地方搞错了。

第二篇：杨澜TED演讲

杨澜TED演讲：重塑中国的年轻一代 讲义

Yang Lan, born in 1968 in Beijing, who holds a master's degree from Columbia University in the United States, is one of China's 50 most successful entrepreneurs and probably China's wealthiest self-made woman.Yang Lan was 21 in her last year at the Beijing Foreign Studies University in 1990 when she auditioned for – and won--the position of host of the Zheng Da variety show on China Central Television.Within a year Zheng Da, a prime-time-Saturday celebrity quiz and talk show, was China's top-rated TV program, with an audience of 220 million.Despite her celebrity, Yang Lan quit the show after four years to go to New York where she spent two years earning a master's degree at Columbia University's School of International & Public Affairs.Yang's TV skills are matched by a keen mind for business.In 1999, with her husband, Bruno Wu Zheng, she started her own media company, Sun Television Cyber networks(Sun TV).Traded on the Hong Kong stock exchange since last April, Sun TV was valued at $179 million on Nov.3.Yang owns 35%, worth $63 million.Yang's mother was an engineer, and her father taught English literature at Beijing Foreign Studies University and sometimes served as the official translator for former Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai.Yang Lan was appointed one of the image ambassadors of Beijing in its 2008 bid in January, joining Deng Yaping and two other Chinese women to be so honored: Gong Li, the film actress, and Sang Lan, the gymnast who was paralyzed in 1998 as she represented China at the Goodwill Game in the United States.Key words：

1.heading for 去...2.performing guest表演嘉宾3.vendor 小贩

4.hilarious 滑稽的5.belonged to otherness 属于少数

6.historic transformation 历史变革 7.Interrogate面试审问

8.Summon the courage 鼓起勇气 9.poise 稳定10.set my foot in步入

11.audition 试镜 12.supportive服从的 13.bidding for 申办14.vice versa反之一样

15.the Chamber of Commerce商会 16.stepped on a sensitive nerve触动敏感神经

17.turmoil混乱焦虑 18.credibility可信性 19.controversy was so heated 争议发酵

20.subdivision分支 21.the public still doesn’t buy it公众不买账 22.boom 快速增长

23.selected abortion 选择性堕胎 24.favored boys to girls重男轻女

25.pose a potential danger to the society给社会带来不稳定因素

26.illiteracy rate文盲率 27.life expectancy人均寿命 28.tribe of ants蚁族

29.Skyrocketing猛涨的 30.migrant workers农民工 31.sense of belonging归属感

32.Vulnerable脆弱的 33.appalling incident骇人听闻的事件

34.contagious disease传染病 35.outcry from society 社会呼吁 36.resentment 愤恨

37.accusations of corruption 腐败指控 38.backdoor dealings走后门

39.unrest 不稳定 40.accountability责任性 41.massive urbanization急速城镇化

42.forced demolition of private property强制拆迁私人住户

43.set themselves on fire to protest自焚方式来抗议

44.cooking oil from restaurant slop地沟油 45.commitment 承诺

46.keep sustainability and stability保持稳定性和可持续性发展

第三篇：杨澜申奥演讲

杨澜申奥演讲稿

Mr.President, Ladies and Gentlemen,Good afternoon!

主席先生，各位来宾，大家午安！

Before I introduce our cultural programs, I want to tell you one thing first about 2008.You're going to have a great time in Beijing.在我介绍我们的文化节目，首先我要告诉你一件有关于2008的事，你将在北京度过一段美好的时光。

Many people are fascinated by Chin’s its sport legends in history.For example ,Back to Song Dynasty, about（which was）the 11th century, people our country

started to play a game called Cuju, which is regarded as the origin of ancient football.The game was so popular and women were also participating.Now, you will understand why our women football team is so well today.中国有自己的体育传奇。回到宋代，大约11世纪，人们开始玩一个叫蹴鞠的游戏，这被看作是足球古老的起源。这个游戏很受欢迎，妇女也来参加。现在，你就会明白，为什么我们的女子足球队这么厉害了。

There are a lot more wonderful and exciting events waiting for you in the New Beijing, a modern metropolis with 3,000 years of cultural treasures woven（纺织的）into the urban tapestry(城市的织锦画).Along with the iconic imagery of the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven and the Great Wall, the city also offers an endless mixture of theatres, museums, discos, all kinds of restaurants and shopping malls which will amaze u and delight you.还有更多精彩的事物在等着你。在新北京，一个充满活力的现代化大都市，交织3000年的文化宝藏的城市面貌，伴随着象征意象的紫禁城、天坛、万里 长城正在向您展开，这个城市有着多样的的影院、博物馆、舞厅、各种餐馆和购物中心，正在让您感到惊喜与兴奋。

But beyond all that, it is a city of millions of friendly people who love to meet people from around the world.They believe that the 2008 Olympics held in Beijing , it will help to enhance the harmony between our culture and the diverse cultures of the world, and guarantee their gratitude(感恩)will pour out(倾诉)in open expressions of affection for you and the great Movement that you guide.但除此之外，它是一个深受几百万喜爱，可以满足来自全世界的人的城市。北京人民相信，2008年北京奥运会将有助提升中国与中国香港的和谐,我们的文化会与世界多元文化相互交融。他们会公开表达对奥运的期盼之情了，你可以见证你和伟大的运动间的文化交流。

Within our cultural programs, education and communication will receive the highest priority.We seek to create an intellectual and sporting legacy by broadening the understanding of the Olympic Ideals throughout the country.在我们的文化发展中，教育和交流将得到优先发展，我们想要创造一个智力和体育记录，以扩大人们所了解的奥运梦想传播于全国各地。

Cultural events will unfold each year, from 2005 to 2008.We will stage multi-disciplined cultural programs, such as concerts, exhibitions, art competitions and camps which will involve young people from around the world.During the Olympics, they will be staged in the Olympic Village and the city for the benefit of the athletes.文化活动也将因之而每一年开展，从2005年至2008年，我们将举办多元化的文化节目，如音乐会、展览会、美术比赛和夏令营，将涉及来自世界各地的青少年。奥运会期间,他们将分别在奥运村和所有受惠的运动员活动。

Our Ceremonies will give China's greatest-and the world's greatest artists a stage for celebrating the common aspirations of humanity and the unique heritage of our culture and the Olympic Movement.开幕式我们将给予我国在世界最大的艺术舞台，欢庆共同愿望和人们独特的文化遗产——我们的文化和奥林匹克运动所带来的魅力。

With a concept inspired by the famed Silk Road, our Torch Relay will break new ground, traveling from Olympia through some of the oldest civilizations known to man-Greek, Roman, Egyptian, Byzantine, Mesopotamian, Persian, Arabian, Indian and Chinese.Carrying the message “Share the Peace, Share the Olympics,” the eternal flame will reach new heights as it crosses the Himalayas over the world's highest summit-Mount Qomolangma, which is known to many of you as Mt.Everest.In China, the flame will pass through Tibet, cross the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers, travel the Great Wall and visit Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan and the 56 ethnic communities who make up our society.On its journey, the flame will be seen by and inspire more human beings than any previous relay.著名的丝绸之路的开创，我们的火炬接力将有新的突破，从奥林匹亚通过一些最古老的国家的文明——希腊、罗马、埃及、拜占庭、不达米亚、波斯、阿拉伯、印度和中国。携带的信息“分享和平，分享奥运”永恒的火焰将达到新的高峰，因为它将穿越喜马拉雅山在世界的最高峰——珠穆朗玛峰,这是已知的许多你安居乐业。在中国，圣火还将穿过西藏，穿越长江与黄河，游历 长城，并参观香港，澳门，台湾和56个民族的朋友，圣火传递时，火焰将被激励更多的人参与到奥林匹克的大家庭中。

I am afraid I can not present the whole picture of our cultural programs within such a short period of time.Before I end, let me share with you one story.Seven hundred years ago, amazed by his incredible descriptions of a far away land of great beauty, people asked Marco Polo whether his stories about China were true.He answered: What I have told you was not even half of what I saw.Actually, what we have shown you here today is only a fraction of Beijing that awaits you.在这么短的时间里，我恐怕不能介绍现在的中华全貌与我们的文化，在我结束前，让我跟大家分享这样一个故事，七百年前，马可波罗来到中国，他惊讶的不得了，当他描述在一个遥远的国家非常美丽，人们问马可波罗他在中国的故事是不是真的，他回答道：我告诉你的连我看到的一半都没有达到。其实,我们已经介绍的只是一小部分，北京正在等待着你！

第四篇：杨澜TED演讲演讲

杨澜杨澜杨澜杨澜TED演讲演讲演讲演讲：：：：重塑中国的年轻一代重塑中国的年轻一代重塑中国的年轻一代重塑中国的年轻一代（（（（英文演讲稿英文演讲稿英文演讲稿英文演讲稿））））

Yang Lan: The generation that's remaking China

The night before I was heading for Scotland, I was invited to host the final of “China's Got Talent” show in Shanghai with the 80,000 live audiences in the stadium.Guess who was the performing guest? Susan Boyle.And I told her, “I'm going to Scotland the next day.” She sang beautifully, and she even managed to say a few words in Chinese.[Chinese]So it's not like “hello” or “thank you,” that ordinary stuff.It means “green onion for free.” Why did she say that? Because it was a line from our Chinese parallel Susan Boyle--a 50-some year-old woman, a vegetable vendor in Shanghai, who loves singing Western opera, but she didn't understand any English or French or Italian, so she managed to fill in the lyrics with vegetable names in Chinese.(Laughter)And the last sentence of Nessun Dorma that she was singing in the stadium was “green onion for free.” So [as] Susan Boyle was saying that, 80,000 live audiences sang together.That was hilarious.So I guess both Susan Boyle and this vegetable vendor in Shanghai belonged to otherness.They were the least expected to be successful in the business called entertainment, yet their courage and talent brought them through.And a show and a platform gave them the stage to realize their dreams.Well, being different is not that difficult.We are all different from different perspectives.But I think being different is good, because you present a different point of view.You may have the chance to make a difference.My generation has been very fortunate to witness and participate in the historic transformation of China that has made so many changes in the past 20, 30 years.I remember that in the year of 1990, when I was graduating from college, I was applying for a job in the sales department of the first five-star hotel in Beijing, Great Wall Sheraton--it's still there.So after being interrogated by this Japanese manager for a half an hour, he finally said, “So, Miss Yang, do you have any questions to ask me?” I summoned my courage and poise and said,“ Yes, but could you let me know, what actually do you sell?” I didn't have a clue what a sales department was about in a five-star hotel.That was the first day I set my foot in a five-star hotel.Around the same time, I was going through an audition--the first ever open audition by national television in China--with another thousand college girls.The producer told us they were looking for some sweet, innocent and beautiful fresh face.So when it was my turn, I stood up and said, “Why [do] women's personalities on television always have to be beautiful, sweet, innocent and, you know, supportive? Why can't they have their own ideas and their own voice?” I thought I kind of offended them.But actually, they were impressed by my words.And so I was in the second round of competition, and then the third and the fourth.After seven rounds of competition, I was the last one to survive it.So I was on a national television prime-time show.And believe it or not, that was the first show on Chinese television that allowed its hosts to speak out of their own minds without reading an approved script.(Applause)And my weekly audience at that time was between 200 to 300 million people.Well after a few years, I decided to go to the U.S.and Columbia University to pursue mypostgraduate studies, and then started my own media company, which was unthought of during the years that I started my career.So we do a lot of things.I've interviewed more than a thousand people in the past.And sometimes I have young people approaching me say, “Lan, you changed my life,” and I feel proud of that.But then we are also so fortunate to witness the transformation of the whole country.I was in Beijing's bidding for the Olympic Games.I was representing the Shanghai Expo.I saw China embracing the world and vice versa.But then sometimes I'm thinking, what are today's young generation up to? How are they different, and what are the differences they are going to make to shape the future of China, or at large, the world?

So today I want to talk about young people through the platform of social media.First of all, who are they? [What] do they look like? Well this is a girl called Guo Meimei--20 years old, beautiful.She showed off her expensive bags, clothes and car on her microblog, which is the Chinese version of Twitter.And she claimed to be the general manager of Red Cross at the Chamber of Commerce.She didn't realize that she stepped on a sensitive nerve and aroused national questioning, almost a turmoil, against the credibility of Red Cross.The controversy was so heated that the Red Cross had to open a press conference to clarify it, and the investigation is going on.So far, as of today, we know that she herself made up that title--probably because she feels proud to be associated with charity.All those expensive items were given to her as gifts by her boyfriend, who used to be a board member in a subdivision of Red Cross at Chamber of Commerce.It's very complicated to explain.But anyway, the public still doesn't buy it.It is still boiling.It shows us a general mistrust of government or government-backed institutions, which lacked transparency in the past.And also it showed us the power and the impact of social media as microblog.Microblog boomed in the year of 2010, with visitors doubled and time spent on it tripled.Sina.com, a major news portal, alone has more than 140 million microbloggers.On Tencent, 200 million.The most popular blogger--it's not me--it's a movie star, and she has more than 9.5 million followers, or fans.About 80 percent of those microbloggers are young people, under 30 years old.And because, as you know, the traditional media is still heavily controlled by the government, social media offers an opening to let the steam out a little bit.But because you don't have many other openings, the heat coming out of this opening is sometimes very strong, active and even violent.So through microblogging, we are able to understand Chinese youth even better.So how are they different? First of all, most of them were born in the 80s and 90s, under the one-child policy.And because of selected abortion by families who favored boys to girls, now we have ended up with 30 million more young men than women.That could pose a potential danger to the society, but who knows;we're in a globalized world, so they can look for girlfriends from other countries.Most of them have fairly good education.The illiteracy rate in China among this generation is under one percent.In cities, 80 percent of kids go to college.But they are facing an aging China with a population above 65 years old coming up with seven-point-some percent this year, and about to be 15 percent by the year of 2030.And you know we have the tradition that younger generations support the elders financially, and taking care of them when they're sick.So it means young couples will have to support four parents who have a life expectancy of 73 years old.So making a living is not that easy for young people.College graduates are not in short supply.In urban areas, college graduates find the starting salary is about 400 U.S.dollars a month, while the average rent is above $500.So what do they do? They have to share space--squeezed in very limited space to save money--and they call themselves “tribe of ants.” And for those who are ready to get married and buy their apartment, they figured out they have to work for 30 to 40 years to afford their first apartment.That ratio in America would only cost a couple five years to earn, but in China it's 30 to 40 years with the skyrocketing real estate price.Among the 200 million migrant workers, 60 percent of them are young people.They find themselves sort of sandwiched between the urban areas and the rural areas.Most of them don't want to go back to the countryside, but they don't have the sense of belonging.They work for longer hours with less income, less social welfare.And they're more vulnerable to job losses, subject to inflation, tightening loans from banks, appreciation of the renminbi, or decline of demand from Europe or America for the products they produce.Last year, though, an appalling incident in a southern OEM manufacturing compound in China: 13 young workers in their late teens and early 20s committed suicide, just one by one like causing a contagious disease.But they died because of all different personal reasons.But this whole incident aroused a huge outcry from society about the isolation, both physical and mental, of these migrant workers.For those who do return back to the countryside, they find themselves very welcome locally, because with the knowledge, skills and networks they have learned in the cities, with the assistance of the Internet, they're able to create more jobs, upgrade local agriculture and create new business in the less developed market.So for the past few years, the coastal areas, they found themselves in a shortage of labor.These diagrams show a more general social background.The first one is the Engels coefficient, which explains that the cost of daily necessities has dropped its percentage all through the past decade, in terms of family income, to about 37-some percent.But then in the last two years, it goes up again to 39 percent, indicating a rising living cost.The Gini coefficient has already passed the dangerous line of 0.4.Now it's 0.5--even worse than that in America--showing us the income inequality.And so you see this whole society getting frustrated about losing some of its mobility.And also, the bitterness and even resentment towards the rich and the powerful is quite widespread.So any accusations of corruptionor backdoor dealings between authorities or business would arouse a social outcry or even unrest.So through some of the hottest topics on microblogging, we can see what young people care most about.Social justice and government accountability runs the first in what they demand.For the past decade or so, a massive urbanization and development have let us witness a lot of reports on the forced demolition of private property.And it has aroused huge anger and frustration among our young generation.Sometimes people get killed, and sometimes people set themselves on fire to protest.So when these incidents are reported more and more frequently on the Internet, people cry for the government to take actions to stop thiSo the good news is that earlier this year, the state council passed a new regulation on house requisition and demolition and passed the right to order forced demolition from local governments to the court.Similarly, many other issues concerning public safety is a hot topic on the Internet.We heard about polluted air, polluted water, poisoned food.And guess what, we have faked beef.They have sorts of ingredients that you brush on a piece of chicken or fish, and it turns it to look like beef.And then lately, people are very concerned about cooking oil, because thousands of people have been found [refining] cooking oil from restaurant slop.So all these things have aroused a huge outcry from the Internet.And fortunately, we have seen the government responding more timely and also more frequently to the public concerns.While young people seem to be very sure about their participation in public policy-making, but sometimes they're a little bit lost in terms of what they want for their personal life.China is soon to pass the U.S.as the number one market for luxury brands--that's not including the Chinese expenditures in Europe and elsewhere.But you know what, half of those consumers are earning a salary below 2,000 U.S.dollars.They're not rich at all.They're taking those bags and clothes as a sense of identity and social status.And this is a girl explicitly saying on a TV dating show that she would rather cry in a BMW than smile on a bicycle.But of course, we do have young people who would still prefer to smile, whether in a BMW or [on] a bicycle.So in the next picture, you see a very popular phenomenon called “naked” wedding, or “naked” marriage.It does not mean they will wear nothing in the wedding, but it shows that these young couples are ready to get married without a house, without a car, without a diamond ring and without a wedding banquet, to show their commitment to true love.And also, people are doing good through social media.And the first picture showed us that a truck caging 500 homeless and kidnapped dogs for food processing was spotted and stopped on the highway with the whole country watching through microblogging.People were donating money, dog food and offering volunteer work to stop that truck.And after hours of negotiation, 500 dogs were rescued.And here also people are helping to find missing children.A father posted his son's picture onto the Internet.After thousands of [unclear], the child was found, and we witnessed the reunion of the family through microblogging.So happiness is the most popular word we have heard through the past two years.Happiness is not only related to personal experiences and personal values, but also, it's about the environment.People are thinking about the following questions: Are we going to sacrifice our environment further to produce higher GDP? How are we going to perform our social and political reform to keep pace with economic growth, to keep sustainability and stability? And also, how capable is the system of self-correctness to keep more people content with all sorts of friction going on at the same time? I guess these are the questions people are going to answer.And our younger generation are going to transform this country while at the same time being transformed themselves.Thank you very much.10

第五篇：杨澜中国新一代演讲

The night before I was heading for Scotland, I was invited to host the final of “China's Got Talent” show in Shanghai with the 80,000 live audiences in the stadium.Guess who was the performing guest? Susan Boyle.And I told her, “I'm going to Scotland the next day.” She sang beautifully, and she even managed to say a few words in Chinese.[Chinese]So it's not like “hello” or “thank you,” that ordinary stuff.It means “green onion for free.” Why did she say that? Because it was a line from our Chinese parallel Susan Boyle--a 50-some year-old woman, a vegetable vendor in Shanghai, who loves singing Western opera, but she didn't understand any English or French or Italian, so she managed to fill in the lyrics with vegetable names in Chinese.(Laughter)And the last sentence of Nessun Dorma that she was singing in the stadium was “green onion for free.” So

[as] Susan Boyle was saying that, 80,000 live audiences sang together.That was hilarious.在来爱尔兰的前一晚，我应邀主持了中国达人秀在上海的体育场和八万现场观众。猜猜谁是表演嘉宾？——苏珊大妈。我告诉她，“我明天要去爱尔兰了。” 她歌声犹如天籁。而且她还可以说点中文。“送你葱。” 这不是“你好、谢谢”之类的日常用语。这组词翻译过来是免费给你青葱，为什么她要说这个呢？因为这是我们中国版的苏珊大妈很有名的一句歌词。这位五十几岁的大妈在上海以贩卖蔬菜为生。她喜欢西方的歌剧，但是她不懂任何外语，所以她就把中文蔬菜名填做歌词。当她在体育场里 唱到今夜无人入眠的最后一句时，她唱的是“送你葱”。苏珊大妈和全场八万观众一起唱“送你葱”，多有意思的场面。

So I guess both Susan Boyle and this vegetable vendor in Shanghai belonged to otherness.They were the least expected to be successful in the business called entertainment, yet their courage and talent brought them through.And a show and a platform gave them the stage to realize their dreams.Well, being different is not that difficult.We are all different from different perspectives.But I think being different is good, because you present a different point of view.You may have the chance to make a difference.我想苏珊大妈和这位在上海做蔬菜买卖的都属于不同寻常的人。在业界所谓的娱乐圈，他们最不可能取得成功，但是他们的勇气和才华让他们成功了。一场秀，一个平台给了他们实现梦想的舞台。与众不同不难，从不同的角度看我们都是不一样的。我认为与众不同是好的，因为你有不同的看法，这给你机会去产生不同的影响。

My generation has been very fortunate to witness and participate in the historic transformation of China that has made so many changes in the past 20, 30 years.I remember that in the year of 1990, when I was graduating from college, I was applying for a job in the sales department of the first five-star hotel in Beijing, Great Wall Sheraton--it's still there.So after being interrogated by this Japanese manager for a half an hour, he finally said, “So, Miss Yang, do you have any questions to ask me?”I summoned my courage and poise and said, “Yes, but could you let me know, what actually do you sell?” I didn't have a clue what a sales department was about in a five-star hotel.That was the first day I set my foot in a five-star hotel.我们这代人有幸见证和参与了过去二三十年中国的历史性的转型。我记得在九十年代，刚从大学毕业的我申请了一份在北京五星级酒店销售部的工作。在日本经理一个半小时的面试后，他最后说：“杨小姐，你有什么问题要问我吗？”我鼓起勇气，定定神然后问道：“您能告诉我销售部到底销售什么？”我对于五星级酒店的销售部的职责一点都摸不着头脑。那是我在五星级酒店的第一天。

Around the same time, I was going through an audition--the first ever open audition by national television in China--with another thousand college girls.The producer told us they were looking for some sweet, innocent and beautiful fresh face.So when it was my turn, I stood up and said, “Why [do] women's personalities on television always have to be beautiful, sweet, innocent and,you know, supportive? Why can't they have their own ideas and their own voice?” I thought I kind of offended them.But actually, they were impressed by my words.And so I was in the second round of competition, and then the third and the fourth.After seven rounds of competition, I was the last one to survive it.So I was on a national television prime-time show.And believe it or not, that was the first show on Chinese television that allowed its hosts to speak out of their own minds without reading an approved script.(Applause)And my weekly audience at that time was between 200 to 300 million people.同时，我和上千名大学女生参加了一场由中国中央电视台举办的史无前例的公开选拔。制作人告诉我们他们想找一位可爱，天真，美丽的新面孔。当轮到我时，我站起来说道，“为什么女孩在电视上必须是漂亮，甜美，无邪的，像个花瓶？为什么她们不能有她们的想法，她们自己的声音？”我想我一定得罪了评委。但是事实上，我的发言给他们留下了深刻的印象。接下来我进入了第二轮的选拔，然后是第三轮，第四轮。在经过七轮的选拔后，我胜出了。成为了一个国家电视台黄金时段节目的主持人。不管你们相不相信，那是中国电视上第一个节目可以允许主持人自由发挥而不是去读审查后的稿子。这个节目的观众人数高达两到三千万。

Well after a few years, I decided to go to the U.S.and Columbia University to pursue my postgraduate studies, and then started my own media company, which was unthought of during the years that I started my career.So we do a lot of things.I've interviewed more than a thousand people in the past.And sometimes I have young people approaching me say, “Lan, you changed my life,” and I feel proud of that.But then we are also so fortunate to witness the transformation of the whole country.I was in Beijing's bidding for the Olympic Games.I was representing the Shanghai Expo.I saw China embracing the world and vice versa.But then sometimes I'm thinking, what are today's young generations up to? How are they different, and what are the differences they are going to make to shape the future of China, or at large, the world?

几年后，我决定去美国哥伦比亚大学进修。之后我有了自己的传媒公司，这是在我刚毕业的时候想都不敢想的。我和我的团队做了很多事情。在过去的这些年，我采访了上千人。有时候有年轻人走过来对我说：“杨澜，你改变了我的生活。”我也为此而自豪。接下来我们一起见证了中国更多的变化。我参与了北京申奥，出席了上海世博会。我看到中国拥抱世界，世界接纳中国……但是有时候我在想，当今的年轻人追求什么？他们有什么不同？他们如何去创造中国的未来，往大了说，世界的未来？

So today I want to talk about young people through the platform of social media.First of all, who are they? [What] do they look like? Well this is a girl called Guo Meimei--20 years old, beautiful.She showed off her expensive bags, clothes and car on her microblog, which is the Chinese version of Twitter.And she claimed to be the general manager of Red Cross at the Chamber of Commerce.She didn't realize that she stepped on a sensitive nerve and aroused national questioning, almost a turmoil, against the credibility of Red Cross.The controversy was so heated that the Red Cross had to open a press conference to clarify it, and the investigation is going on.今天我想讲讲在社交媒体这个大舞台上的年轻人。他们是谁？他们是怎样的？这个二十岁左右的漂亮女孩叫郭美美。她在中国版的推特--微博上炫耀她拥有的昂贵的手包，衣服，车子。她自称是红十字商会的经理。她没有意识到她踩到了一根敏感的神经，引起了全民对于红十字公信力的质疑。如此激烈的质问使得红十字会不得不召开记者招待会进行澄清，并且伴随着调查的展开。

So far, as of today, we know that she herself made up that title--probably because she feels proud to be associated with charity.All those expensive items were given to her as gifts by her boyfriend,who used to be a board member in a subdivision of Red Cross at Chamber of Commerce.It's very complicated to explain.But anyway, the public still doesn't buy it.It is still boiling.It shows us a general mistrust of government or government-backed institutions, which lacked transparency in the past.And also it showed us the power and the impact of social media as microblog.至此，我们知道是她自己编造的头衔，大概是觉得和慈善有关事件有面子的事情。所有的奢侈品都是她的男朋友送给她的，她男朋友曾经是红十字下属商会的董事成员。这个关系解释起来太复杂了。但是不管怎么说，公众不买账。这个话题始终热议与街头巷尾。这件事揭示了公众对于缺乏透明度的政府及政府机构普遍的不信任。

Microblog boomed in the year of 2010, with visitors doubled and time spent on it tripled.Sina.com, a major news portal, alone has more than 140 million microbloggers.On Tencent, 200 million.The most popular blogger--it's not me--it's a movie star, and she has more than 9.5 million followers, or fans.About 80 percent of those microbloggers are young people, under 30 years old.And because, as you know, the traditional media is still heavily controlled by the government, social media offers an opening to let the steam out a little bit.But because you don't have many other openings, the heat coming out of this opening is sometimes very strong, active and even violent.微博在2010火了起来。玩微博的人翻了一番，织微博的时间也是过去的三倍了。单单新浪这个主要的新闻门户网站就拥有一千四百万微博使用者。腾讯有两千万。首屈一指的微博，不是我，是一个电影明星，她拥有超过95万粉丝。大约百分之八十的微博使用者是三十岁以下的年轻人。如你所知，传统媒体依然由政府掌控，社交媒体给人们一个宣泄的小出口。因为没有更多的宣泄渠道，来自社交媒体的宣泄是强大的，积极的，甚至是暴力的。

So through microblogging, we are able to understand Chinese youth even better.So how are they different? First of all, most of them were born in the 80s and 90s, under the one-child policy.And because of selected abortion by families who favored boys to girls, now we have ended up with 30 million more young men than women.That could pose a potential danger to the society, but who knows;we're in a globalized world, so they can look for girlfriends from other countries.Most of them have fairly good education.The illiteracy rate in China among this generation is under one percent.In cities, 80 percent of kids go to college.But they are facing an aging China with a population above 65 years old coming up with seven-point-some percent this year, and about to be 15 percent by the year of 2030.And you know we have the tradition that younger generations support the elders financially, and taking care of them when they're sick.So it means young couples will have to support four parents who have a life expectancy of 73 years old.So making a living is not that easy for young people.通过微博我们可以更好的了解中国的年轻人。他们有怎样的不同？首先他们中的大多数出生于独生子女政策开始实施的上世纪八九十年代。因为很多家庭喜欢男孩多于女孩，现在我们年轻男性多于年轻女性近三百万。这可能造成社会潜在的危险，可是谁知道呢？在这个全球化的时代，他们可以找别的国家的女孩做女朋友。他们中的大多数接受了很好的教育。文盲率在这一代人低于百分之一。在城市，百分之八十的孩子进入大学。但是老龄化问题也不容忽视。今年的统计显示超过六十五岁的人占总人口的百分之七，到2030年将达到百分之十五，你们知道在我们的传统文化中年轻人要赡养老人。这就意味着年轻的夫妇要赡养四位平均寿命为七十三岁的老人。因此养家糊口对于年轻人并不是件轻松的事。

College graduates are not in short supply.In urban areas, college graduates find the starting salary is about 400 U.S.dollars a month, while the average rent is above $500.So what do they do? They have to share space--squeezed in very limited space to save money--and they call themselves

“tribe of ants.” And for those who are ready to get married and buy their apartment, they figured out they have to work for 30 to 40 years to afford their first apartment.That ratio in America would only cost a couple five years to earn, but in China it's 30 to 40 years with the skyrocketing real estate price.大学毕业生并非供不应求。在城市，大学毕业生的起薪大约四百美元一个月，可是仅仅房租就要超过五百美元一个月。这让他们怎么应对？他们不得不合租，为了省房租挤在逼仄的小房间里，他们称自己为蚁族。而对于那些将要结婚的并且准备买房的年轻人，他们必须要工作三十到四十年才能负担起自己的第一套公寓。当对于美国人来说只需要五年就能负担得起，但是面对中国奇高的房价却需要三十到四十年。

Among the 200 million migrant workers, 60 percent of them are young people.They find themselves sort of sandwiched between the urban areas and the rural areas.Most of them don't want to go back to the countryside, but they don't have the sense of belonging.They work for longer hours with less income, less social welfare.And they're more vulnerable to job losses, subject to inflation, tightening loans from banks, appreciation of the renminbi, or decline of demand from Europe or America for the products they produce.Last year, though, an appalling incident in a southern OEM manufacturing compound in China: 13 young workers in their late teens and early 20s committed suicide, just one by one like causing a contagious disease.But they died because of all different personal reasons.But this whole incident aroused a huge outcry from society about the isolation, both physical and mental, of these migrant workers.在两千万外来务工者中，有百分之六十的人是年轻人。他们如同一块三明治被夹在城市和乡村中间。大多数都不愿再回到乡下，但是他们在城市却没有归属感。超时工作，低薪，无法享受社会福利。受通货膨胀，银根紧缩，人民币升值的影响，他们生产的产品在欧美国家的需求量下降，这使他们更容易失业。去年，在南方某个OEM生产原地发生了骇人听闻的事件：十三个年纪在二十岁左右的工人自杀，一个接着一个的自杀仿佛感染了传染性疾病。虽然他们的自杀的原因各有不同，可是这个事件引起了巨大的社会舆论，对于外来务工人员在身体上，精神上的隔离。

For those who do return back to the countryside, they find themselves very welcome locally, because with the knowledge, skills and networks they have learned in the cities, with the assistance of the Internet, they're able to create more jobs, upgrade local agriculture and create new business in the less developed market.So for the past few years, the coastal areas, they found themselves in a shortage of labor.对于那些回到乡下的打工者，他们受到了当地的热烈欢迎。这是因为他们在城市中所学到的知识技能，在网络的帮助下，让他们能够创造更多的工作机会，提升当地的农业发展水平，在欠发达地区创造新的商机。因此，在沿海地区发生了劳动力缺乏的问题。

These diagrams show a more general social background.The first one is the Engels coefficient, which explains that the cost of daily necessities has dropped its percentage all through the past decade, in terms of family income, to about 37-some percent.But then in the last two years, it goes up again to 39 percent, indicating a rising living cost.The Gini coefficient has already passed the dangerous line of 0.4.Now it's 0.5--even worse than that in America--showing us the income inequality.And so you see this whole society getting frustrated about losing some of its mobility.And also, the bitterness and even resentment towards the rich and the powerful is quite widespread.So any accusations of corruptionor backdoor dealings between authorities or business would arouse a social outcry or even unrest.这些图片展现出整体的社会背景。第一张图片是恩格斯系数（食品支出占总消费支出的比

例），可以看到在过去的十年中，食物和生活必需品在家庭消费中的比例有所下降（37％），然后在过去的两年中，这项指数上升到39％，说明近两年中生活成本的攀升。基尼系数早已越过了危险的0.4，到达0.5——这甚至高过了美国——体现出极大的贫富差距，所以我们才看到整个社会的失衡。同时，“仇富心态”也开始在整个社会蔓延，任何与腐败和走后门相关的政府或商业丑闻都会引发社会危机和不稳定。

So through some of the hottest topics on microblogging, we can see what young people care most about.Social justice and government accountability runs the first in what they demand.For the past decade or so, a massive urbanization and development have let us witness a lot of reports on the forced demolition of private property.And it has aroused huge anger and frustration among our young generation.Sometimes people get killed, and sometimes people set themselves on fire to protest.So when these incidents are reported more and more frequently on the Internet, people cry for the government to take actions to stop this.通过微博上很火的话题，我们可以看到年轻人的关注点。社会公正和政府的公信力是他们首要需求的。在过去的十年中，急速的城市化让民众读到太多强制私人住户拆迁的新闻，这引发了年轻一代的愤怒和不理解。有时候，被拆迁的住户以自杀和自焚的方式来抗议（强制拆迁行为）。当这些事件越来越常在互联网上被揭露出来，人们期待政府可以采取一些更积极的制止行动。

So the good news is that earlier this year, the state council passed a new regulation on house requisition and demolition and passed the right to order forced demolition from local governments to the court.Similarly, many other issues concerning public safety is a hot topic on the Internet.We heard about polluted air, polluted water, poisoned food.And guess what, we have faked beef.They have sorts of ingredients that you brush on a piece of chicken or fish, and it turns it to look like beef.And then lately, people are very concerned about cooking oil, because thousands of people have been found [refining] cooking oil from restaurant slop.So all these things have aroused a huge outcry from the Internet and fortunately, we have seen the government responding more timely and also more frequently to the public concerns.好消息是，今年早些时候，人民代表大会通过了一项关于房屋征用和拆迁的新法规，将征用和拆迁的权利从当地政府移交到了法庭。相同的，很多其他与公共安全相关的问题也在互联网上被热烈讨论。我们听到有太多空气污染，水污染，有毒食品的报道。你甚至都想不到，我们还有假牛肉。人们用一种特殊的材料加入鸡肉和鱼肉中，然后以牛肉的价格进行出售。最近，人们对食用油也很担忧，大量的餐馆被发现在使用“地沟油“。所有这些事件引发了互联网上民众观点的大爆发。幸运的是，我们看到了政府正在更积极和更及时的对这些民众的质疑给予回应。

While young people seem to be very sure about their participation in public policy-making, but sometimes they're a little bit lost in terms of what they want for their personal life.China is soon to pass the U.S.as the number one market for luxury brands--that's not including the Chinese expenditures in Europe and elsewhere.But you know what, half of those consumers are earning a salary below 2,000 U.S.dollars.They're not rich at all.They're taking those bags and clothes as a sense of identity and social status.And this is a girl explicitly saying on a TV dating show that she would rather cry in a BMW than smile on a bicycle.But of course, we do have young people who would still prefer to smile, whether in a BMW or [on] a bicycle.从一方面看起来，年轻人已参与到公共政策的制定中，但是从另一方面看，他们对于自己个人生活的需要有着些许的迷失。中国会超过美国成为世界第一的奢侈品消费市场，这还不包括中国人在欧洲及其他地区的消费。但是你知道吗？半数的消费者的薪水低于两千美元。他

们一点都不富裕。他们把这些包，衣服作为标榜他们身份和社会地位的象征。在一档电视约会秀中，一个女孩直白的说她宁愿在宝马车中哭泣也不愿在自行车上笑。当然，我们有年轻人喜欢笑，不管在宝马车中还是自行车上。

So in the next picture, you see a very popular phenomenon called “naked” wedding, or “naked” marriage.It does not mean they will wear nothing in the wedding, but it shows that these young couples are ready to get married without a house, without a car, without a diamond ring and without a wedding banquet, to show their commitment to true love.And also, people are doing good through social media.And the first picture showed us that a truck caging 500 homeless and kidnapped dogs for food processing was spotted and stopped on the highway with the whole country watching through microblogging.People were donating money, dog food and offering volunteer work to stop that truck.And after hours of negotiation, 500 dogs were rescued.And here also people are helping to find missing children.A father posted his son's picture onto the Internet.After thousands of [unclear], the child was found, and we witnessed the reunion of the family through microblogging.在下一张图片里，你看到一个非常流行的现象叫做”裸婚“。这不是说他们在婚礼上不穿衣服，这是在说即使没有房子，车子，没有钻石戒指和盛大的婚礼，这些年轻夫妇也愿意结成连理，显示他们对于爱情的承诺。通过社交媒体，人们做着好的事。第一张图片告诉我们，整个国家通过微博看到了这装有500只将用于食品加工的流浪狗的卡车被发现并且截停在高速公路上。人们自愿捐款，送狗粮并且自愿去截停这辆卡车。在数小时的协商下，五百只流浪狗被解救了。还有人帮助寻找走失的小孩。一位父亲在网上上传了儿子的照片。在成千上万的转发后，孩子找到了，我们也通过微博见证了这家人的重聚。

So happiness is the most popular word we have heard through the past two years.Happiness is not only related to personal experiences and personal values, but also, it's about the environment.People are thinking about the following questions: Are we going to sacrifice our environment further to produce higher GDP? How are we going to perform our social and political reform to keep pace with economic growth, to keep sustainability and stability? And also, how capable is the system of self-correctness to keep more people content with all sorts of friction going on at the same time? I guess these are the questions people are going to answer.And our younger generations are going to transform this country while at the same time being transformed themselves.在过去的两年里幸福是我们听到的最流行的词。幸福不仅仅是个人的经历和个人价值，幸福也关乎环境。人们在思考这样的问题：我们真的要为了更高的GDP去牺牲我们的环境吗？我们如何在实施我们社会政治改革的同时，保持经济增长的可持续性和稳定性？一个系统的自我更正能力如何让更多的人对于同时发生的各种摩擦满意？我想这些问题将会被解答。我们年轻的一代在改变自己的同时也必将改变这个国家。

Thank you very much.谢谢。