中国特有词汇

第一篇：中国特有词汇

中国特有词汇

台湾、香港、澳门保持原有的资本主义制度和生活方式长期不变Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao will retain the current capitalist system and way of life for a long time to come.

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 炭疽anthrax踢皮球pass the buck逃避银行债务evasion of repayment of bank loans韬光养晦hide one’s capacities and bide one’s time讨价还价wheel and deal统筹兼顾make overall plans adn take all factors into consideration;overall planning and all-round consideration同乡会an association of fellow provincials or townsmen筒子楼tube-shaped apartment团队精神team spirit;esprit de corps团结就是力量Unity is strength.退耕还林还草grain for green退耕还林还牧convert the land for forestry and pasture鸵鸟政策ostrich policy;ostrichism脱贫致富 “cast(shake, throw)off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity“ 拖欠工资arrears of wage 西部大开发Western Development西电东送transmit the electricity from the western areas to East China;West-East electricity transmission project洗礼baptism希望工程Hope Project · 《西厢记》 The Romance of West Chamber · 《西行漫记》 Red Star over China夕阳产业sunset industry西洋景Peep Show喜忧参半mingled hope and fear

· 《西游记》 Pilgrimage to the West;Journey to the West

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 下放权力给delegating the management of...(to...)下岗职工laid-off workers下岗职工基本生活费subsistence allowances for laid-off workers下海plunge into the commercial sea现代 企业 制度modern enterprise system;modern corporate system先发制人战略pre-emptive strategy县级市county-level city先入为主First impressions are firmly entrenched.先下手为强catch the ball before the bound香港明天更好基金会Better Hong Kong Foundation香港特别行政区Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(HKSAR)

 向钱看 “mammonism, put money above all“

 像热锅上的蚂蚁like an ant on a hot pan

 乡统筹,村提留fees paid by farmers for overall township planning and village reserve 小而全small and all-inclusive

 小金库a private coffer

 小康a comfortable level of living;a better-off life;moderate prosperity

 小康之家well-off family;comfortably-off family

 效率优先,兼顾公平give priority to efficiency with due consideration to fairness

 校训school motto

 宵夜a stoke of midnight

 效益工资achievements-related wages;wages based on benefits

 邪教heathendom

 斜拉索桥stayed-cable bridge

 写真集photo album

 信得过产品trustworthy product

 新的经济增长点new point for/ sources of economic growth

 新干线 “the Shinkansen, bullet train“

 新官上任三把火a new broom sweeps clean

西电东送transmission of electricity from the western to the eastern region

心理素质psychological quality

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 信息高速公路information superhighway心想事成May all your wish come true新新人类New Human Being；X Generation形成全方位、多层次、宽领域的开放格局form an all-directional, multi-layered and wide-ranging opening pattern形而上学metaphysics性价比cost performance形式主义formalism形象小姐/先生image representative of a product or a brand虚开增值税发票write false value added tax invoices许可证制度license granting mechanisms虚心使人进步,骄傲使人落后Modesty helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.悬而未决的问题outstanding question选美beauty contest学而优则仕(a Confucian slogan for education)a good scholar can become an official;he who excels in study can follow an official career学历教育education with record of formal schooling学生减负alleviate the burden on students 亚太经济合作组织APEC(Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)亚洲金融危机financial crisis in Asia严打措施 “Strike-Hard““ drive “严打斗争 “Strike-Hard Operation, campaign to crack down relentlessly on criminal activities“沿海经济开发区open coastal economic area

· 言情小说romantic fiction;sentimental novel

严以律己,宽以待人be strict with oneself and lenient towards others

阳春（最经济方式）no-frills

羊肉串小摊barbecue stall

洋务运动Westernization Movement

摇钱树cash cow

摇头丸dancing outreach

以产定人,减员增效employ workers in accordance with production needs and increase efficiency while reducing the staff

 一次性筷子throwaway chopsticks

 一次性用品disposable goods

 一刀切cut it even at one stroke—make it rigidly uniform;impose uniformity in all cases;

allow no flexibility

 移动通讯mobile communication

 依法治国manage state affairs according to law;run state affairs according to law

 以法治国，以德治国to govern the country with law and moral

 一帆风顺Wishing you every success

 一方有难,八方支援When disaster struck, help came from all sides. 一个中心,两个基本点one central task, two basic points

 以公有制为主体，多种经济成分共同发展the pattern with the public sector remaining

dominant and diverse sectors of the economy developing side by side

 一国两制 “One country, two systems“

 义和团运动Boxer Uprising

 以经济 建设 为中心focusing on the central task of economic construction

 一揽子(计划)one-package(plan)

 一切向钱看money-oriented

 以权谋私abuse of power for personal gains

 以人为本people oriented;people foremost

以上海浦东开发开放为龙头,进一步开放长江沿岸城市open more cities along the Yangtze

River, while concentrating on the development and opening of the Pudong Area of Shanghai 一手抓物质文明，一手抓精神文明；一手抓经济建设，一手抓民主法制；一手抓改革

开放，一手抓打击犯罪惩治腐败We must always work for material progress and at the same time for cultural and ethical progress;We should develop the economy and at the same time strengthen democracy and the legal system;We should promote reform and opening to the outside world and at the same time fight crime and punish corruption. 义演benefit performance;charity performance

 以眼还眼,以牙还牙an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth

 一言既出，驷马难追A real man never goes back on his words. 以质量求生存、求发展、求效益 “strive for survival, development and efficiency on the

basis of quality“

 以质量求发展strategy of development through quality;win the market with quality

products

 硬道理 “absolute principle, top priority“

 英雄所见略同Great minds think alike. 营养不良malnutrition

 有法可依,有法必依,执法必严,违法必究There must be laws to go by, the laws must be

observed and strictly enforced, and lawbreakers must be prosecuted. 有个奔头have something to look forward to;have somehthing to expect

 忧患意识awareness of unexpected development;being prepared for unexpected       

development;being prepared for any eventualities

 优化资源配置optimize the allocation of resources

 优化组合optimization grouping;optional regrouping

 有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律 “with lofty ideals, integrety, knowledge and a strong

sense of discipline“

 有理,有利,有节on just grounds, to one’s advantage and with restraint； with good reason,with advantage and with restraint

 有钱能使鬼推磨Money makes the mare go.Money talks. 有情人终成眷属 “Jack shall have Jill, all shall be well.“

 优胜劣汰survival of the fittest

 优势互补(of two countries or companies)have complementary advantages

 有识之士people of vision

 有缘千里来相会Separated as we are thousands of miles apart, we come together as if by

predestination. 有中国特色的社会主义道路road of socialism with Chinese characteristics

 鹬蚌相争，渔人得利 “when the snip and the calm grapple, it is the fisherman who stands to

benefit;two dogs strive for a bone, and a third runs away with it“

 预防为主,谁污染谁治理和强化环境 管理三大政策three major principles for environment

control: to put prevention first, to hold those who cause pollution responsible for cleaning up and to improve environmental protection and management

 与国际惯例接轨become compatible with internationally accepted practices

 与国际市场接轨integrate with the world market;become integrated into the global market

 欲穷千里目，更上一层楼 “to ascend another storey to see a thousand miles further;Ascend

further, were you to look farther;Would eye embrace a thousand miles? Go up, one flight.“ 与时俱进advance with the times

 冤假错案 “cases in which people were unjustly, falsely or wrongly charged or sentenced;

unjust, false or wrong cases“

 冤家宜解不宜结Better make friends than make enemies. 援藏干部cadres sent to support/aid Tibet

 在孵（孵化器）企业incubated enterprises(incubator)

 在建项目后续资金additional funding for projects under construction

 再就业服务中心re-employment service center

 再就业工程re-employment project / program

 宰（客）to swindle money out of our customers

有中国特色的社会主义民主政治a socilalist democracy with Chinese characteristics

灾民flood victims;flood-stricken people

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 宰人rip off造假帐falsified accounts早恋puppy love增强人民体质build up people’s health增值税value added tax(VAT)债台高筑become debt-ridden战斧式巡航导弹Tomahawk cruise missile占着茅坑不拉屎be a dog in the manger涨落线advance balance line掌上电脑palm pilot招财进宝Money and treasures will be plentiful

 招商引资attract/bid for/invite investments(from overseas)

 招生就业指导办公室enrolment and vocation guidance office

 真善美the true, the good and the beautiful;truth, good and beauty

 振兴经济revitalize the economy

 振兴中华make China powerful and strong;revitalize the Chinese nation

 震源focus(of an earthquake), seismic origin

 震中epicenter

政府采购government procurement

· 政府搭台，部门推动，企业 唱戏 “Governments set up the stage, various departments cooperate and enterprise put in the show.“

 正气uprightness;integrity;probity;rectitude

 政企分开separate government functions from enterprise management

 政治合格，军事过硬，作风优良，纪律严明，保障有力 “be qualified politically and

competent militarily, have a fine style of work, maintain strict discipline and be assured of adequate logistical support“

 政治协商、民主监督、参政议政exercise political consultation and democratic supervision

and participate in deliberating and administration of state affairs

 纸包不住火Truth will come to light sooner or later. 知己知彼,百战不殆Know the enemy and know yourself, and you can fight a hundred

battles with no danger of defeat. 直接道歉a straight-out apology

 直接三通与双向交流three direct links(mail, air and shipping services and trade)and

bilateral exchanges

 智力引进recruit / introduce(foreign)talents

 智囊团、思想 库the brain trust；think tank

 职能转换transformation of functions

 知识经济knowledge-based economy

 知识经济knowledge economy , knowledge-base economy

 知识就是力量Knowledge is power. 知识密集knowledge-intensive

 职务发明on-duty invention

植物人human vegetable;vegetable

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 直销direct marketing;door-to-door sale支柱产业pillar / cornerstone industry中国电信China Telecom中国联通公司China Unicom中国移动通信公司China Mobile中国证监会China’s Securities Regulatory Commission中国 证券 监督 管理 委员会China Securities Regulatory Commission(CSRC)重 合同、守信用的原则the principle of equality and mutual benefit and “honoring

contracts adn standing by reputation“

 重合同,守信用abide by contracts and keep one’s words;honor credit and promise

 中华世纪坛China Millennium Monument

· 《中美三个联合公报》 The Three Sino-US Joint Communiqué

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中美战略核武器互不瞄准对方non-targeting strategic nuclear weapons against each other中山装Chinese tunic suit中央领导集体central collective leadership中药traditional Chinese medicine珠穆朗玛峰Mount Qomolangma抓住机遇,深化改革,扩大开放,促进发展,保持稳定seize the current opportunity, deepen the reform, open China wider to the outside world, promote development and maintain stability抓住机遇seize the opportunity转轨transfer to a different track;retracking专利产品，仿冒必究patented product(s), counterfeiting not allowed专卖店exclusive agency;franchised store专门人才professional personnel;special talents专升本upgrade from junior college student to university student;students with the diploma of junior college try to obtain the undergraduate diplomat through self-taught study转世灵童reincarnated soul boy自学成才become well-educated through self-study自由职业者free lance自主经营,自负盈亏make one’s own management decisions and take full responsibility for one’s own profits and losses自作自受stew in one’s own juice综合国力comprehensive national strength综艺节目variety show走过场go through the motions走后门get in by the back door走上良性发展的轨道going on the track of sound progress走穴 “(actors, singers, etc.)perform for outside salary income without approval by the unit they belong to “阻碍 司法obstruction of justice 祖国和平统一大业peaceful reunification of the motherland做假帐salt a false account左倾pinko坐视不管sit idle左右为难between the devil and the deep blue sea;between the rock and the hard place职务犯罪crime by taking advantage of duty

第二篇：中国特有词汇英文翻译

中国特有词汇英文翻译

1、中国意念词的翻译(Chinesenesses)八卦 trigram 阴、阳 yin, yang 道 Dao(cf.logo)江湖(世界)the jianghu World(the traits’ world)e.g.You can’t control everything in a traits’ world.(人在江湖，身不由己)道 Daoism(Taoism)上火 excessive internal heat 儒学 Confucianism 红学(《红楼梦》研究)redology 世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia 开放 kaifang(Chinese openness to the outside world)大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done 伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded 不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on …

合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people 乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge 铁交椅 iron(lifetime)post’s;guaranteed leading post 脱贫 to shake off poverty;anti-poverty 治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline、中华民族的喜庆节日的翻译(Chinese Festivial)国庆节 National Day 中秋节 Mid-Autumn Festival 春节 Spring Festival 元宵节 Lantern Festival 儿童节 Children’s Day 端午节 Dragon Boat Festival 妇女节 Women’s Day 泼水节 Water-Splashing Day 教师节 Teachers’ Day 五四青年节 Youth Day

3、中国独特的传统饮食的翻译(Unique Traditional Chinese Foods)馄饨 wonton 锅贴 guotie(fried jiaozi)花卷 steamed twisted rolls 套餐 set meal 盒饭 box lunch;Chinese take-away 米豆腐 rice tofu 魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu 米粉 rice noodles 冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws(or apples,etc。)火锅 chafing dish 八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding 粉丝 glass noodles 豆腐脑 jellied bean curd、中国新兴事物的翻译(Newly Sprouted Things)十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan 中国计算机联网 Chinanet 三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project 希望工程 Project Hope 京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway 扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project 菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project 温饱工程 Decent-Life Project 安居工程 Economy Housing Project 扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign 西部大开发 Go-West Campaign、特有的一些中文词汇的翻译 禅宗 Zen Buddhism 禅 dhyana;dhgaya 混沌 chaos 道 Daosim, the way and its power 四谛 Four Noble Truth 八正道 Eightfold Path 无常 anity 五行说 Theory of Five Elements 无我 anatman 坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation 空 sunyata 虚无 nothingness 双喜 double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英)小品 witty skits 相声 cross-talk 噱头 gimmick, stunt 夜猫子 night people;night-owls 本命年 this animal year of sb。处世之道 philosophy of life 姻缘 yinyuan(prefixed fate of marriage)还愿 redeem a wish(vows)、具有文化特色的现代表述的翻译 大陆中国 Mainland China 红宝书 little red book 红色中国 socialist China 四化 Four Modernizations 终生职业 job-for-life 铁饭碗 iron rice bowl 大锅饭 communal pot 关系户 closely-related units 外出打工人员 migrant workers 关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild 五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals 四美(心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美)： the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment、中国古代独特事物的翻译(Unique Ancient Chinese Items)宣纸 rice paper 衙门 yamen 叩头 kowtow 孔子Confucius 牌楼 pailou；pai-loo 武术 wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)功夫 kungfu ；kung fu 中庸 the way of medium(cf.Golden Means)中和 harmony(zhonghe)孝顺 to show filial obedience 孝子 dutiful son 家长 family head 三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son, husband guides wife 五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence(humanity)，righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity 八股文 eight-legged essays 多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness 养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age

8、中国现代特色词汇的翻译 基层监督 grass-roots supervision 基础税率 base tariff level 婚介所 matrimonial agency 婚外恋 extramarital love 婚纱摄影 bride photo 黑心棉 shoddy cotton 机器阅卷 machine scoring 即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery 集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development 价格听证会 public price hearings 甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team 家政服务 household management service 加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion 假帐 accounting fraud 叫板 challenge;pick a quarrel 矫情 use lame arguments 借调 temporarily transfer 扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group。

扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption

第三篇：中国特有名词的英文翻译

中国特有名词的英文翻译~~~~（转）2008-08-03 12:05

1、中国意念词（Chinesenesses）

八卦 trigram 阴、阳 yin, yang 道 Dao（cf.logo）

江湖（世界）the jianghu World（the traits’ world）

e.g.You can’t control everything in a traits’ world.(人在江湖，身不由己)道 Daoism（Taoism）

上火 excessive internal heat 儒学 Confucianism 红学（《红楼梦》研究）redology 世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia

开放 kaifang（Chinese openness to the outside world）

大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done 伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded 不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on …

合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people 乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge 铁交椅 iron(lifetime)post’s;guaranteed leading post 脱贫 to shake off poverty;anti-poverty

治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline、中华民族的喜庆节日（Chinese Festivial）

国庆节 National Day

中秋节 Mia-Autumn Festival 春节 Spring Festival 元宵节 Lantern Festival 儿童节 Children’s Day

端午节 Dragon Boat Festival 妇女节 Women’s Day

泼水节 Water-Splashing Day 教师节 Teachers’ Day 五四青年节 Youth Day

3、中国独特的传统饮食（Unique Traditional Chinese Foods）

馄饨 wonton

锅贴 guotie(fried jiaozi)花卷 steamed twisted rolls 套餐 set meal

盒饭 box lunch;Chinese take-away 米豆腐 rice tofu

魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu 米粉 rice noodles

冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws(or apples,etc.)火锅 chafing dish

八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding 粉丝 glass noodles

豆腐脑 jellied bean curd

4、中国新兴事物（Newly Sprouted Things）

中国电信 China Telecom 中国移动 China Mobile

十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan 中国电脑联网 Chinanet

三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project 希望工程 Project Hope

京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway 扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project

菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project 温饱工程 Decent-Life Project

安居工程 Economy Housing Project 扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign 西部大开发 Go-West Campaign、特有的一些汉语词汇

禅宗 Zen Buddhism 禅 dhyana;dhgaya 混沌 chaos

道 Daosim, the way and its power 四谛 Four Noble Truth 八正道 Eightfold Path 无常 anity

五行说 Theory of Five Elements 无我 anatman

坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation 空 sunyata

虚无 nothingness

双喜 double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英)小品 witty skits 相声 cross-talk

噱头；掉包袱 gimmick, stunt 夜猫子 night people;night-owls 本命年 this animal year of sb.处世之道 philosophy of life

姻缘 yinyuan（prefixed fate of marriage）

还愿 redeem a wish(vows)6、具有文化特色的现代表述

大陆中国 Mainland China 红宝书 little red book 红色中国 socialist China 四化 Four Modernizations 终生职业 job-for-life 铁饭碗 iron rice bowl 大锅饭 communal pot

关系户 closely-related units 外出打工人员 migrant workers

关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild 五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals

四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）： the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment

7、中国古代独特事物（Unique Ancient Chinese Items）

宣纸 rice paper 衙门 yamen 叩头 kowtow 孔子Confucius

牌楼 pailou；pai-loo

武术 wushu（Chinese Martial Arts）

功夫 kungfu ；kung fu

中庸 the way of medium（cf.Golden Means）

中和 harmony(zhonghe)孝顺 to show filial obedience 孝子 dutiful son 家长 family head

三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife

五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence(humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity 八股文 eight-legged essays

多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness 养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age

8、近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译

基层监督 grass-roots supervision 基础税率 base tariff level 婚介所 matrimonial agency 婚外恋 extramarital love 婚纱摄影 bride photo 黑心棉 shoddy cotton 机器阅卷 machine scoring

即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery

集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development 价格听证会 public price hearings 甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team

家政服务 household management service

加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion 假帐 accounting fraud 叫板 challenge;pick a quarrel 矫情 use lame arguments

渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence 借调 temporarily transfer

扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption

第四篇：中国古典名著词汇

中国古典名著

1.Four Classical Chinese Books

The Dream of Red Mansions

Journey West/Chinese Odyssey/Four Men and One Horse/Pilgrimage to the West

Water Margins/All Men are Brothers/105 Men and 3 Women/Outlaws of the Marsh

The Romance of Three Kingdoms/Annals of the Three Kingdoms

2.四书：

论语： The Analects of Confucius 孟子： The Words by Mencius 大学： The Great Learning

中庸： Doctrine of the Mean

五经：

诗经： Book of Songs

尚书： Book of History 礼记： Book of Rites

易经： Book of Changes

春秋： Spring and Autumn Annals

3.others

孙子兵法： Master Sun’s Art of War

黄帝内经： Inner Canon of the Yellow Emperor

史记： Records of Historian

战国策：Stratagems of the Warring States

资治通鉴：History as A Mirror

本草纲目： Compendium of Materia Medica

封神榜：Apotheosis of Heroes 离骚： The Lament

聊斋志异：Strange

Scholar’s Studio

Tales of a

第五篇：中国传统文化词汇

样板戏 model opera

地雷战 The Mine Warfare

霸王别姬 Farewell to My Concubine群英会 Gathering of Heroes

借东风 East Wind

将相和 General and Premier Make Up凤阳花鼓 Flower Drum Dance

醒世恒言 Lasting Words to Awaken the World梁祝（小提琴协奏曲）Butterfly Love红楼梦 A Dream of Red Mansion/Chamber桃花扇 The Peach Blossom Fan

儒林外史 The Scholars

京剧 Peking Opera

炎黄子孙 Chinese descent

五行 five elements

观音菩萨 Avalokitesvara

菩萨 Boddhisattva

清真寺 mosque

道士 Taoist

和尚 monk

尼姑 nun

罗汉 arhat

财神爷 the God of Wealth

阎王爷 King of Hell

炉火神 the Fire God

佛经 Buddhist scriptures

七十二般变化 seventy-two different forms弼马温 the Protector of the Horses八卦炉 Eight Trigrams Furnace

金 metal木 wood水 water火 fire土 earth灶王爷 the Kitchen God