第一篇：研究生英语unit 3
Unit 3
I am a journalist, not a historian, and while this book is an effort to describe a moment in the past, it is less a work of history than of personal reminiscence and reflection.Essentially, it is an account of my own observations and experiences in wartime Washington, supplemented by material drawn from interviews and other sources.I have tried to create out of it all a portrait of the pain and struggle of a city and a government suddenly called upon to fight, and to lead other nations in fighting, the greatest war in history, but pathetically and sometimes hilariously unprepared to do so.我是新闻工作者，不是历史学家，所以本书描写的虽然是过往岁月中的一刻，却称不上是一部史学著作，而仅是个人的追思。书中所写的主要是战争期间我本人在华盛顿的观察和经历，辅以采访等材料。我试图刻画一个城市和一个政府的痛苦与挣扎，这个城市和政府突然被要求参加战争，还要在战争中领导别的国家，参与的又是有史以来最伟大的战争，实在是有些措手不及，因此表现得很糟糕，有时甚至很可笑。
This is bound to be somewhere close to the last reporting from that period based on firsthand sources.One after another, with unsettling rapidity, those in positions of power and responsibility during World War II are passing from the scene.Several who agreed to recall and describe their experiences in the war years died before I could get to them.这几乎肯定是以第一手资料写成的、有关那个时期的最后一场报道。二战中位高权重的人物一个接一个很快去世，实在令人不安。有几位原本已经答应回忆并讲述一下他们在二战中的经历，可我还没来得及拜访，他们就离开了人世。
I have not dealt here in any detail with the grand strategy of the war in Europe and the Pacific.Instead, I have tried to report mainly on what I saw and heard and learned in Washington during years now fading into a misty past, the wartime experience of a country two-thirds of whose people are now too young to remember any of it.The result is a sort of Our Town at war, the story of a city astonished and often confused to find itself at the center of a worldwide conflict without ever hearing a shot fired.A strange city, set up in the first place to be the center of government and, like government itself at that time, a city moving slowly and doing little.我在本书中没有对欧洲及太平洋战区中的宏大战略做详尽的描述。相反，我主要报道了那些年我在华盛顿的所见所闻。这些往事已经在人们的记忆中变得越来越模糊，对于那场战争，这个国家中有三分之二的人都太年轻，对它并无记忆。结果，本书描写的就是一个以战争为背景的“我们的小镇”，讲的是一个城市在根本没有听到一声枪响的情况下，就卷入了一场全球性冲突，因而变得很惊愕，常常也很困惑。这是一个不同寻常的城市，设立时主要是想将它建成政府的中心，因此这个城市便和当时的政府一样，行动十分缓慢，所做相当有限。
第二篇：研究生英语课文翻译Unit 12
Thanksgiving Soon they will be together again, all the people who travel between their own lives and each other’s.The package tour of the season will lure them this week to the family table.很快所有那些在我们和他人生活中穿梭的人们都会再次聚集到一起。这个团体旅游季会引诱他们这个星期回到家庭的餐桌上。
By Thursday, feast day, family day, Thanksgiving day, Americans who value individualism like no other people will collect around a million tables in a ritual of belonging.到周四，盛宴之日，家庭的节日，感恩节，比任何人都重视个人主义的美国人会为了一个归属感的仪式聚集在百万张桌子周围。
They will assemble their families the way they assemble dinner: each other bearing a personality as different as cranberry sauce and pumpkin pie.For one dinner they will cook for each other, fuss for each other, feed each other and argue with each other.他们会像在一起吃晚餐一样把家人聚在一起，每个人都有不同的的个性，就像他们做的蔓越橘沙司和难过馅饼一样。这顿晚餐他们会互相为对方下厨，为对方忙乱，给对方喂吃的，互相争辩。
They will nod at their common heritage, the craziness and caring of other generations.They will measure their common legacy„„children.他们会对他们共同的传统产生共鸣，对别代人的狂热和关心。他们会估量他们共同的财产-孩子。
All these complex cells, these men and women, old and young, with different dreams and disappointments will give homage again to the group they are a part of and apart from: their family.所有这些复杂的环节，这些有着不同梦想和失望的男女老少会再一次给家庭这个集体敬意，他们既是家庭的一部分，又生活于其外。
Families and individuals.The “we” and the “I”.As good Americans we all travel between these two ideals.家庭和个体，“我们”和“我”。作为一个虔诚的美国人我们都往来于这两个理想之间。We take value trips from the great American notion of individualism to the great American vision of family.We wear our tires driving back and forth, using speed to shorten the distance between these two principles.我们在伟大美国的个人主义意识和伟大美国的家庭观念之间进行价值选择。我们就像一辆往返于这两个原则之间的车，通过速度来减少两者之间的举例。
There has always been some pavement between a person and a family.From the first moment we recognize that we are separate we begin to wrestle with aloneness and togetherness.一个人和他的家庭总是会存在一些举例。从我们发现我们和家庭分开的那一刻起，我们就开始努力克服独居和团聚的冲突。
Here and now these conflicts are especially acute.We are after all, raised in families...to be individuals.This double message follows us through life.此时此刻这些冲突越发的突出。毕竟我们是被家庭养育长大，但我们最终是成为了一个个体。这个双重信息会伴随我们医生。
We are taught about the freedom of the “I” and the safety of the “we”.The loneliness of the “I” and the intrusiveness of the “we”.The selfishness of the “I” and the burdens of the “we”.我们总是被教育作为个人的自由和来自家庭的安全感，作为个人的孤独，融入家庭可能会被过多干涉，作为个人的自私，和来自家庭的负担。We are taught what Andre Malraux said:”Without a family, man, alone in the world, trembles with the cold.”
马尔罗的话教育我们：“离开家庭，一个孤零零生活在这个世界上的人会冻得瑟瑟发抖。” And taught what he said another day:”The denial of the supreme importance of the mind’s development accounts for many revolts against the family.” 但是同样是他说的话又教育我们：“对思想发展的至高重要性的否认，很大程度上解释了对家庭的反对。”
In theory, the world rewards “the supreme importance” of the individual, the ego.We think alone, inside our heads.We write music and literature with an enlarged sense of self.We are graded and paid, hired and fired, on our own merit.理论上这个世界认为个人和自我意识是最为重要的。我们在头脑中独立的思考。我们创作的音乐和文学作品是对自身感官的放大。我们被评定的等级，所受到的报酬，我们被雇用或是解雇都是基于我们自己的功过。
The rank individualism is both exciting and cruel.Here is where the fittest survive.有等级划分的个人主义即使令人兴奋的又是残酷的。在这之下适者生存。
The family, on the other hand, at its best, works very differently.We don’t have to achieve to be accepted by our families.We just have to be.Our membership is not based on credentials but on birth.另一方面，处于最好状态下的家庭运作方式非常不同。我们不用去争取被家庭接受。我们只要存在就一定会被接受。参与到一个家庭中不是凭借我们的证书而是基于出身。
As Malraux put it,”A friend loves you for your intelligence, a mistress for your charm, but your family’s love is unreasoning.You were born into it and of its flesh and blood.” 就是马尔罗说的：“朋友因为你的才智而爱你，情妇因为你的魅力而爱你，但是你的家人对你的爱是没有原因的，你在家庭的爱中出生并且有着她的血肉。”
The family is formed not for the survival of the fittest but for the weakest.It is not an economic unit but an emotional one.This is not the place where people ruthlessly compete with each other but where they work for each other.家庭并不是由最适合的人组成，而是由最脆弱的人组成。这不是一个经济集合体而是一个情感集合体。这里没有人们相互之间无情的竞争而只有人们互相为对方服务。Its business is taking care, and when it works, it is not callous but kind.家庭的业务是关怀，当家庭运作时，没有冷漠只会关怀备至。
There are fewer heroes, fewer stars in family life.While the world may glorify the self, the family asks us, at one time or another, to submerge it.While the world may abandon us, the family promises, at one time or another, to protect us.家庭生活中没有那么多英雄和明星。当世界赞美个人的时候，家庭总会让我们淹没了自我。当世界抛弃了我们，家庭总会承诺保护我们。
So we commute daily, weekly, yearly between one world and another.Between a life as a family member that can be nurturing or smothering.Between life as an individual that can free us or flatten us.We vacillate between two separate sets of demands and possibilities.所以我们每天，每周，每年地往返于这两个世界。是在一个养育我们，但同时可能会令人窒息的家庭中生活，还是作为一个可能会自由但却被磨去锐气的个人。我们在这两个完全不同的需求和可能性中踌躇。
The people who will gather around this table Thursday live in both of these worlds, a part of and apart from each other.With any luck the territory they travel from one to another can be a fertile one, rich with care and space.It can be a place where the “I” and the “we” interact.在这周四会聚集在桌子周围的人们同时生活在这两个世界里，他们既是互相的一部分，又独立存在。运气好的话，他们在两个世界间来回的领土可以非常富饶，充满了关心和空间。这里可以是个人和家庭相互作用的空间。
On this day at least, they will bring each other something both special and something to be shared: these separate selves.至少在这一天，他们给对方带去了既特殊又可以被分享的东西——这些被分开的自我。
第三篇：研究生英语第六册Unit 1 教案
研究生英语第六册 Unit 1
Unit 1 Street Trees 1.Teaching Objectives
1)To know the meaning and usage of some important words, phrases and patterns 2)To to be famil iar with the contents of the text and make use of it in writing 3)To improve Ss reading skills by studying passage.Reading skills: Reading for the key idea in a sentence.4)To stimulate Ss to discuss the topic mentioned in the text.5)To read widely outside class.2.Time Allotment
Text(5 periods): Street trees
1st – 2nd periods: Pre-reading activities(theme-related questions for warming up)
While-reading activities(cultural notes;useful words and expressions;difficult sentences)
3rd – 4th period: While-reading activities(text structure;main ideas)5th period: Post-reading activities(comprehension questions;exercises)Passage(l period):
4th period: Practice of the reading skill(reading for the key idea in a sentence);
T checks on Ss' home reading by asking questions based on the passage.T explains some difficult sentences
Text: Street trees Teaching Procedures
I.Pre-reading Activities: Suggested steps for teaching:
1.Ask students to answer the warm-up questions in the student's book.2.Say a word about the author.3.Allow students 10 minutes to go over the text and then ask them some questions about it.4.Say a few words as an introduction to the text.5.Get students activity involved in analyzing and explaining the text.6.Help students grasp the main idea and the structure of the text.7.Help students learn in context the more frequently used words and phrases through a variety of drilling practice.8.Divide the class into groups to do oral practice in the student's book.9.Set aside 15-20 minutes for the classroom reading activity, through which to lead students to learn how to practice reading efficiently.10.Assign a composition as homework.Ⅱ.While-reading: 1.Introductory remarks
The neighbourhood where Chavis lives used to be a good place.People there lived and worked in peace, if not in perfect contentment.But to Chavis’ s dismay, after the place was flooded with drugs and cheap liquor, it became crime-ridden.For
研究生英语第六册 Unit 1 example, in the past five years, 16 people have been murdered in her neighbourhood.Another problem Chavis has on her mind is that many people there seem to care little about the protection of the environment.A case in point is the sidewalks which are littered with cans, candy wrapper, brown bags and what not.To help save her neighbourhood from deteriorating, Chavis has done all she can think of: planting trees, recycling what she can...Obviously, it is unlikely that her efforts alone will be rewarded with great success.However, when more and more people come under her influence and choose to contribute their bit towards the solution of these problems, things will definitely look up.2.Information related to the text
As a private investigator for many years, Melody Ermachild Chavis works to defend people charged with capital crimes or who have been sentenced to death.In her fascinating career, she has worked on behalf of Geronimo Ji Jaga Pratt, who was exonerated in 1999 and she investigated the tragic events in Jonestown, Guyana.She has worked on the defence teams of 25 prisoners on California’s death row, and for others on the Federal death row.She is the author of a memoir, Altars in the street, Acclaimed by Bell Hooks.Chavic has published essays in Sierra, Yoga Journal...She wrote the foreword to death row prisoner Jarvis Master’s moving book Finding Freedom.Language points
1.shabby:(of things)in poor condition through much use or being badly cared for---Joe wore a shabby old overcoat, dirty and full of holes.2.stride: walk quickly with long steps
---The interviewer strode configently towards me and shook my hand.3.I press by palms to the glass..:I pressed my palms to the window..4.donate: make a gift of(sth.), esp.for a good purpose.---Everyone was asked to donate a day's pay to the city charities.5.wield
---Suddenly a wild-looking man ran out of one of the huts wielding a large stick.6.tag
---Have you put tags on your luggage?
7.at risk
---It is said that people with fair skin are more at risk of skin cancer.8.be flooded with
---The whole room was flooded with warm, golden sunshine.研究生英语第六册 Unit 1 9.police beat: the area of a town, city, etc.that a police officer regularly walks around.10.turn(a round)
---Someone called her name and she turned around.---A new director has been brought in to turn the company round.11.idle
---I never met such idle bunch of people in all my life!
---Almost half of the skilled workers in that country are now idle!
12.swing
---Monkeys were swinging in the street.13.peel
---It is easier to eat an apple when it has been peeled.14.fall victim to
---The company has fallen victim to increased competition.15.choke
---At lunchtime the street were choked with traffic.16.pathetic
---Her voice trembled.It sounded pathetic.---I'm fed up with her pathetic excuses for being late.17.give away
---We gave our old tale away when we moved house.---If you tell her any more you'll give the end of the film away.18.exemplify
---These female astronauts exemplify a new tradition among modem women.19.vacancy
---We wanted to book a hotel room in August but there were no vacancies.20.plot
---The captain plotted a new course.---It was alleged that they had plotted to blow up the White House.21.give up on
---He'd been unconscious for so long that the doctors had given up on him.研究生英语第六册 Unit 1 22.tackle
---It took 12 engineers to tackle the blaze.23.executive
---District sales executives will be visiting all the large stores.24.adapt
---We had to adapt our plans to fit Jack's timetable.25.thrive
---The business was thriving.We had one very successful store and had just opened two new ones.26.scratch
---She's scratched her hand on a nail.27.accept / take on faith
---You will have to accept my statements on faith.Ill.Post-reading activities
1.Have students done comprehension questions and exercises 2.passage understanding
Ⅳ.Homework
1.Finish the exercises.2.Write a composition explaining how you will contribute to the building of your neighbourhood into a more harmonious one.3.Preview Unit 2.
第四篇：研究生新阶英语阅读 Unit 5 原文
1.Kristen Bergevin is a postponer and proud of it.When she graduated from the University of Southern California in 1996, she didn't want to put on a suit and heels and become a corporate slave.Instead, she purchased a $200 work permit for Britain and a plane ticket, and spent six months toiling abroad, first selling high-tech gadgets at Selfridge's department store in London, then bartending for a bit in an Edinburgh pub.“I was scared at first that I might mess up my career,” says Bergevin, “but I learned that I could cope with just about anything—even budgeting in a foreign currency.After that, finding a job here was a piece of cake.”
2.Perhaps as many as 1 in 10 freshly minted graduates postpone a “real” job in favor of an interim position.The numbers haven't changed much in recent years, but reasons have.Not so long ago postponers were serving up only a short period of time because of the slumping economy.These days, the vast majority of them deliberately delay the career grind anywhere from several months to a couple of years, Confident that the job market will welcome them when they're ready, they pursue appealing interim jobs.With some 60 percent of college students graduating under the weight of student loans, the six-month window before the 10 years of loan repayments kick in provides many “the last opportunity to do something frivolous,” notes Ron Lieber, co-author of Taking Time Off($12, Noonday Press, 1996).Here are some opportunities that beckon and dangers that lurk.3.Sorry, too late.First, the bad news.Postponing a post-college job hunt can have serious repercussions and not just with your parents.In business and finance, postponers may lose out on prestigious and lucrative jobs, warns Marcia Harris, director of career services at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill.Entry level financial analyst positions at brokerage firms, for example, are typically reserved for new graduates only.Even a six-month lag can knock an applicant out of the running.Or you could leave town when jobs are plentiful and return to a cool employment climate.Playing catch-up is another postponer plight.Interim barkeep Bergevin, now 24 and a Los Angeles public relations associate, figures she is about a year behind her classmates in salary and job responsibilities.4.The noblest way to postpone is to save the world.On the domestic front, America Corps members work for a year on projects from housing renovation to child immunization.But many want to combine travel and community service.Barbara Hinsman, who graduated this spring from Notre Dame, is now in Kenya teaching farming techniques during a two-year Peace Corps stint.Her classmate RyanMurphy has put a job with a big accounting firm on hold to work at the Farm of the Child, an orphanage, Catholic school, and health clinic in onduras.They're among the 10 percent of Notre Dame students who sign up for volunteer service programs after graduation, having had a taste of community service integrated into undergraduate programs.5.You could be disappointed by an organization claiming to steer you to international do-good possibilities.A group that charges thousands of dollars for placement could be a for-profit venture;you may feel more like a drop-in tourist than a member of the community during your time abroad.Organizations like the Council on International Educational Exchange offer hundreds of projects for about a $300 placement fee.6.As a rule, service opportunities provide room and board, and occasionally help repay student loans.You'll have to cover other expenses from your savings.Many do-gooders do not want to be poor forever but figure right after school is the best time to heed the “call to be of service,” says Andrea Shappell, director of senior transition programs at Notre Dame,7.Teaching English abroad is more lucrative than other do-gooder jobs, and the sense of accomplishment and adventure can be just as great.Applicants need not speak the local language or be a certified teacher.But the heyday of “hopping on a plane and saying, 'Hey, I'm here to teach,' is over”, says William Nolting, head of University of Michigan's overseas opportunities office.Some countries, particularly in Eastern Europe, have upped requirements for teachers, preferring that they arrive, if not certified, at least with some tutoring background.Dozens of programs place would-be teachers in schools throughout Japan(where the rules require that you assist a native teacher rather than run your own classroom), Korea, and Taiwan, as well as in Eastern Europe and, to a lesser degree, Latin America.8.You won't get rich, but you won't be poor, either.Anthony Hand, who taught English to high schoolers in northern Japan for three years beginning in July 1993, found the annual salary of 3.6 million yen(now about $30,000)quite comfortable.He traveled to Korea, Hong Kong, even New Zealand, and paid for his mother to visit for a month.His counterparts living in the urban sprawl of Tokyo or Kyoto felt more of a financial pinch.Pay is typically in the local coin;if the currency tumbles against the dollar, you might be too broke to travel outside the country.The hardest part of the job can be the isolation.Hand was the first(and only)Westerner in his remote village.But the loneliness was never overwhelming.He studied Japanese sign language on the side and improved his rudimentary Japanese speaking skills by befriending locals.Temporary teachers who feel they can't complete the commitment, usually a year, can opt out, but if the program has paid for their airfare, they may be assessed a penalty of several hundred dollars.9.On parole.Or maybe you just want to have fun.Some postponers equate the “real world” with jail time.“They're doing the things we'd all like to do,” laughs North Carolina's Harris as she ticks off jobs held by recent graduates at ski resorts and dude ranches.Experts suggest devising a plan for re-entry to reality.Set a date(probably no more than a year away)and a savings plan to accrue the bare minimum needed to make the transition—say, a month's rent.10.That is, if you come back.Shannon McKee graduated in December 1992 from Texas Christian University and decided to sign on for six months with Norwegian Cruise Lines before starting business school in the fall.She worked in the gift shop on a Caribbean-based luxury liner—a plum job since the venue closes while the ship is in port.“I had lots of time off,” says McKee.Earning about $1,000 per month, with nearly every need from food to dry cleaning provided, McKee had the cash to earn scuba certification during port calls in Bermuda.11.Six years, three promotions, and dozens of ports later, McKee is working 16-hour days as cruise director aboard the Norwegian Majesty.She puts out the daily ship newsletter, involves passengers in poolside games, and oversees the captain's cocktail
parties.“I couldn't give all this up to do a desk job.” She may be at sea, but she has launched a career.
第五篇：河海大学研究生英语第三版教案unit 2
Unit
Two Individuals and Masses *Argumentation requirements:(1)a debatable point(2)sufficient evidence(3)good logic
two ways of reasoning:
1)Inductive reasoning 2)Deductive reasoning(4)clear logic
three parts:an induction
a body
a conclusion(5)an honest and friendly attitude
*Lead-in
About the author:
Aldous Huxley(1894-1963): English novelist and essayist, grandson of Thomas Henry Huxley(1825-1895)
* a group---a number of people of the same interests, beliefs, ages, etc.* a crowd---a large number of people gathered together *characteristics of individuals or groups:(1)Having doubts about things that seem to be obviously right.(2)Thinking things out logically, on the basis of evidence.(3)Virtue and intelligence.(4)Sin and stupidity.(5)Being unable to decide whether certain things are good or bad.(6)Reading books.*characteristics of crowds / masses:(1)Being easily influenced by public speeches.(2)Not tolerating any opposition.(3)Over-simplifying and generalizing.(4)Having faith in a leader and obeying all his orders.*Language points 1.to the point of sth.---to a degree that can be described as sth.She worked to the point of exhaustion.Her manner of speaking is direct to the point of rudeness.Kyrenia was picturesque and remote and quaint to a point where it could not have been more picturesque or remote or quaint.2.be subject to---have tendency to，be liable to
The trains are subject to delays when there is fog.Are you subject to colds?
3.excess---(pl.)excesses: personal acts which go beyond the limits of good behavior, morality, or humanity The excesses(acts of cruelty, etc)committed by the troops when they occupied the capital will never be forgotton.4.herd---n.crowd herd-poisoning---of a great number of people suffering the poisoning of the mind of following the herd without any judgement or thinking of their own
7.extravagant---adj.(of ideas, speech, behavior)going beyond what is reasonable;not properly controlled eg.extravagant praise(behavior)
8.intoxicate---v.(fig.)excite sb.greatly, beyond self-control eg.intoxicated by success, by a sense of power, etc.Intoxicated with joy, with the fresh air
9.at the mercy of sb./sth.---(idm.)in the power of sb./sth., under the control of sb./sth/
The days when we were at the mercy of the heavens have gone forever.The picnic was at the mercy of the weather.The ship was at the mercy of the waves.10.know one's business---be proficient in
He was very smart and knew his business.If he had known his business, he would not have made such a big mistake.If Tom knew his business, he could do what he likes with these fellows.11.have a taste for---have a personal liking for
She has a taste for foreign travel.The child has a good taste for classical music.12.work on sb./sth.---have the desired result or effect(on sb./sth/)
His charm doesn't work on me.(ie.doesn't affect or impress me)
13.have no use for---refuse to tolerate;dislike, have no patience with
Jimmy had no use for arithmetic because it was hard for him.They had no use for dishonest politicians.14.stock-in-trade---(fig.)words, actions, behavior, etc.commonly used, displayed, etc.by a particular person;sth.habitually used, esp.a skill or quality important to a person's job
A pleasant manner is part of a politician's stock-in-trade.15.be(feel)uncertain of(about)---be not sure of
Don't forget that he may himself feel uncertain about trying something new.16.self-evident---adj.clear without any need for proof, explanation, or further evidence;obvious
Her sincerity is self-evident.17.shout sb.down---shout to prevent sb.from speaking
The crowd shouted the speaker down.Don't try to talk to them in their present mood: you'll only get shouted down.18.make an appeal to sb.---be attractive or interesting to sb.;be interested in;catch the attention of
He made an appeal to his friends for support.These beautiful pictures have made appeal to the public.19.goad sb./sth.into sth./doing sth.---urge sb.to do sth.;drive forward
His persistent questions finally goaded me into an angry reply / into replying angrily.20.attribute---n.quality regarded as a natural or typical part of sb./sth.Mercy is an attribute of God.Politeness is an attribute of a gentleman.21.integrity---n.state or condition of being complete
The old Roman walls may still be seen, but not in their integrity.
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