第一篇：托福写作：年纪小怎么备考
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托福写作：年纪小怎么备考
随着美国留学越来越受家长和学生的青睐，赴美留学的学生逐年增加。除了到美国读大学，研究生，现如今，越来越多的家长倾向于更早的让孩子到美国接受先进的教育。所以，很多初中甚至是小学的学生，开始投入到准备托福考试的队伍中来，期望通过一份满意的托福成绩，拿到心仪的高中或者初中的录取通知书。
这个现象也随之带来了一个问题，备考托福的学生年纪越来越小，与那些高中生甚至大学生相比，他们如何去准备托福写作呢?对于很多的小学，初中的孩子，托福考试对于英语的要求，远远超出了他们在学校中英语课程所教授内容，加上由于孩子年纪小，阅历较少，对于写作的观点形成，和推理都比较薄弱，遇到的困难可能也会比高中或大学的学生要多。所以，对于年纪较小的小学，初中学生来说，在准备托福写作的过程中，可以注意以下几个问题：
1.要积累一定的词汇，打好语法基础。很多的孩子，在学校里，英语课上教授的词汇和语法可能都掌握得不是很清楚。那么对于写出英语作文肯定是有困难的，缺乏词汇和句型的表达。而且，写出来的东西可能也会出现较多的语法错误。
2.培养举例子的能力。对于观点的论证，孩子逻辑推理的能力可能较弱，但是可以通过写例子去弥补。
3.要多读英语的课外读物，培养语感，同时对于词汇和句型的积累也有好处。
并不是说年纪小的学生在托福考试中就一定不如年纪较大的学生，只要训练的方法得当，年纪小也拿下托福考试。
第二篇：托福写作
Agree or disagree A university should focus more on its facilities, computers or laboratory, rather than on hiring famous teachers
Nowadays, highly education has been attached more important than before.A argue that school facilities should pay more attention than professor lecture.From my perspective, although such hardware like computer centers and science lab provide some benefits to university students, university depends on quality of stuff.Admittedly, a school equipped with great facilities is more appealing the applicants.The reason is that it can make study easier.A bright library offers such a quiet condition for knowledge absorption;a computer center provides a self-govern ways to study;a science lab make student get more practice about miracles.However, this factors become less considerate when it comes to the quality of the professors.For one thing, not only do famous teachers can impart the knowledge, but instill the angle that to solve the problem.To pass on knowledge, a human is no better than a machine or a high-tech tool.The difference lies in the
special ways to get the solutions and the potential inspiration by the former.Take my favorite teacher for example, she often shows us some different way to solve the difficulties.And then she tells us the angle to work out the problem.As for me, it was not until her explanation, that I know about the easier way to work the problem.That is something that high-tech can barely achieve.For another, universities with qualified teachers tend to have higher graduate employment.It is not hard to imagine that a teacher with connections can bring more opportunity to get internship.As an old saying goes, knowledge starts with practice.It is still true now.Students who swamped in labs, would never face the brutal fact that you need a window for people to see what you’ve got.In this way, a well-connect professor can open that for you, instead of lifeless labs.In conclusion, though facilities could promote learning, but it fail to generate more practical merits to students.Recruit more qualified teacher should be paid more attention and stress.
第三篇：托福写作欣赏
托福写作范文欣赏：a new university in your community
摘要：新托福考试写作如果考生想拿高分，脑子里一定要有几篇文章，背上几篇范文，能以备不时只需。托福写作是中国考生的弱项，只有在日常生活中多读些范文，了解托福写作中的逻辑思
新托福考试写作如果考生想拿高分，脑子里一定要有几篇文章，背上几篇范文，能以备不时只需。托福写作是中国考生的弱项，只有在日常生活中多读些范文，了解托福写作中的逻辑思维，才可更好的进行锻炼。下面我们一起欣赏这篇托福写作范文。
这篇托福独立写作满分范文的主要内容是讨论了如果政府宣布计划兴建一所新的大学，而有些人认为你所在的社区是个建大学的好地方，那么请你也对比一下在你所在的社区建新大学的好处和坏处。The government has announced that it plans to build a new university.Some people think that your community would be a good place to locate the university.Compare the advantages and disadvantages of establishing a new university in your community.Use specific details in your discussion.①优点：学生上学方便;促进当地的教育发展
②优点：促进当地产业发展，提供就业岗位
③缺点：本区很多老人，将极大影响他们的生活，其他人的生活也不再安宁
④缺点：交通、环境问题转自:考试网-[Examw.Com]
My community is located in a quiet and small town with very
beautiful natural sceneries.The environment is very suitable for a new university.Everyone in my community would without doubt enjoy a sense of pride when informed that a new university will be built here.However, just as any other constructions, this action will bring many advantages as well as disadvantages to my community.The most essential and exciting advantage is that a new university will definitely enhance the education on all levels in my community.Usually, children living nearby a university would frequently visit or play in the university, and thus they can be unconsciously influenced by the academic environment.This influence might be more effective to them than any preach from their parents about the importance of studying.By building a new university, children in my community will develop a greater motivation for studying hard.Moreover, with a university located nearby, all the primary schools, middle schools will have a greater sense of competition.The teachers may encourage the students to work harder to get a university degree, since it would be very embarrassing that the students of their own community could not be admitted by the new university.Besides, a new university in my community will boom the local economy.As we all know, universities are always surrounded by a wide range of stores, restaurants and markets which provide services to the students and faculty.Thus it is very likely that the new university will
encourage the local residents to offer their services around the school.As a result, more people will be employed and the employment rate which bothers the government for years might eventually drop.However, with closer examination, the disadvantages of building a new university in my community could also be formidable.Since my community is far from the city, most of its residents are seniors.Even for the younger people living here, they prefer a quiet environment and are afraid of any major changes made to their lives.Therefore, the attention brought by a new university might be unbearable to these local people.To be specific, traffic will no doubt increase in the near future.With more cars and people on the roads, it is possible that the local environmental quality will decrease.If the air is no more clean, our community might lose its strongest attraction.Then current residents might feel quite reluctant to live here in the future.In sum, the advantages of building a new university in my community seems very promising, yet we have to consider the undesirable consequences it might bring about.The government should really be cautious and take all the possible factors into consideration before making such a decision.'
我们并不主张考生死记范文，考试时如果遇到类似题目照搬上去，这并不能考察考生的写作能力。新托福考试写作多背一些范文，可以积累一些素材，像好的短语、词、句等，灵活运用。
第四篇：托福写作
Do you agree or disagree that university should spend money on improving facilities(labs and general requirements)rather than hiring famous teachers?
Nowadays it rarely surprises us any more that there are relatively large numbers of facilities such as labs and libraries in the campus of universities.However, hordes of people are likely to go to extremes to hold that the university should not spend that much money on improving facilities on account of the lack of fund.Perhaps there is a slice of credibility in their argument, but I, without hesitation, advocate that it’s really essential for the universities to improve facilities
Granted, it is true that by saving money from the investment of facilities, the universities may concentrate more on the development of curriculum and the welfare which is provided for the teachers and professors.The statistics from the Harvard University reveal, astonishingly, that 62.7% people suggest that the universities should not be too eager to develop the general requirements.However, they ignore the fact that these facilities provided by the universities will definitely benefit the students in more ways than one.First and foremost, what never seizes to enthrall me is that the facilities will build a great atmosphere for the people(mainly college students)to study and relax.If the university constructs a great library which stores up millions of books or more, it will surely appeal to lots of studious students and those who don’t have the opportunity to attend the university.So actually this kind of facilities benefits the whole society, so do labs and other general requirements.Also, facilities like a natatorium or a gym can provide the basic facilities for students to relax.As we all know, students suffer both from studying burden and everyday lives.They need a way to relax, and these facilities just happen to provide great opportunities to relieve and extenuate their pressure.Therefore, there is no denying that by spending money on improving facilities a university will, to a great extent, enrich the students’ knowledge and broaden their horizon and give them the chance to relax at the same time.Moreover, the reputation gained from various facilities exerts a considerable fascination on me.If a university has more facilities which can provide students with more privilege, it can surely attract more top students who want the best education.Also, a famous university with variety numbers of facilities can add to the prestige of the city, the province, even the country which it belongs to.A case concerns MIT, which is one of the most celebrated universities all over the world.It has gained a high reputation for its prominent labs and stat-of-the-art equipments which provide students with the remarkable experimental qualification.Also, it makes its city, Cambridge, better known by the people as a cosmopolitan, international and civilized conurbation.Accordingly, it is apparent that the variety of the universities will make itself more eminent, therefore making significant contribution to the prosperity of the region.In conclusion, it is true that the limitation on funding facilities will economize some manpower and material resources for a university, but in order to provide both the students andthe universities with a bright future, spending money on these general equipments should never be off the table by a university.
第五篇：托福写作备考之长句翻译练习答案
托福写作备考之长句翻译练习
1.It is inevitable for the old to have generation gap with their children.对老年人来说，和他们的孩子有代沟是不可避免的。
2.It is sagacious that all relevant factors should be taken into account before taking any action.在采取任何行动之前，应该考虑所有相关的因素，这是明智之举。
3.A fear has arisen among some people that the more machines will be used, the more workers will be unemployed and the lower our living standard will become.恐惧在一些人当中出现了。那就是，机器用得越多，失业的工人就越多，而我们的生活水平就会越低。
4.Before airing my opinion, I will analyze the hot issue from diverse perspectives.在表明观点之前，我将从不从的角度来分析这个热门话题。
5.As soon as a child becomes old enough to communicate with other children, he begins having friends, who sometimes influence him more rapidly than his family.当一个孩子长到足以和其他人交流时，他便开始交朋友，这些朋友对他的影响有时比家庭更快
6.They spend too much time in front of the television, ignoring their study, outdoor activities and even their families.他们在电视机前面花费了太多的时间，忽略了学习、户外活动，甚至他们的家庭。
7.But the disadvantage of this solution lies in the fact that too much land that could be used for farming or housing will inevitably be occupied by more and more roads.(同位语从句)但此种方案的不足之处在于这样一个事实：修建越来越多的道路会不可避免的占用过多的土地，而这些土地 原本是可以用于耕种或建房的。
8.In the countryside, the air is clean, the food is fresh and houses are totally spacious with large yards around them.(并列句)在乡村，空气清新，食物新鲜，房子四周通常有宽敞的庭院。
9.Then couldn’t we live in the fresh air while enjoying the mobility of cars? 否定疑问句 我们在享受着汽车带来的行动自如的同时，难道就呼吸不上新鲜的空气了吗?
10.If students are forced to wear uniforms every day, how can they develop their individuality and creativity? 特 殊疑问句 如果学生被迫每天都穿校服，那他们怎么发展个性和创造力呢? 11.Today when the global economy is in depression, how will you make the choice to domesticate animals with an empty stomach or to solve the living problem with animals as the source of food and clothing? 在全球经济并不景气的今天，你会选择饿着肚子驯养宠物，还是把它们当作衣物和食物的来源，以求解决自 身生存的问题呢? 选择疑问句
12.In addition, the huge amounts of money spared may be poured into the construction of many highways, factories, hospitals and schools, which is of immense benefit to individuals as well as to the society.此外，所节省的大笔资金可以用来建高速公路、工厂、医院和学校，这无论是对个人还是社会都有很大的好 处。
13.They are printed in our newspapers and shown on our television screens as a visible proof of the man’s newest achievements.它们作为人类最新成就的明证被登在报纸上，而且出现在电视屏幕上。
14.It is true that the whole world is witnessing China’s construction of modernization.中国的现代化建设确实正为全世界所关注。
15.It is the controversial question, which has aroused heated discussion among people.这是一个有争议的问 题，它引起了人们的激烈讨论。(名词作表语+定从)16.When we grow old enough to earn a living, it does not surprise us to discover that success is measured in terms of the money you earn.当我们长大了，可以自谋生计的时候，我们毫不惊奇地发现，成功是用一个人挣多少钱来衡量的。17.Finally，I will quote a classic sentence from a famous article entitled Give Me Liberty Or Give Me Death by Patrick Henry, the greatest writer in American history.最后，我讲引用美国历史上最伟大的作家帕杰克 亨利一篇题目为《不自由，勿宁死》的著名艺术作品里的 最经典的话。18.Over the last generation, we have worked hard to restore our natural treasures and find a way to conduct our economy that is more in harmony with the environment.从我们父辈起，我们努力保护自然环境，找到使我们的经济与环境协调一致地发展的办法。
19.Wearing uniforms, to some extent, discourages individuality and hinder the development of creativity.在某种程度上，穿校服不鼓励个性化，阻碍了创造力的发展。
20.Mutual understanding between them is desired for by them all, but achieved by only a few.他们都期待相互理解，但能做到的人却很少。
21.So one thing is clear enough: for the sake of our students’ prospects, teachers should also be called on to respect students and add more attention to enlighten the individuality of students.所以，这一点是很明确的：为了学生的前程，老师也应该尊重学生，把更多的注意力放在鼓励学生的个性发 展上。
22.The critics argue that the practice does not coincide with the present-day civilized world in which liberty and individuality are highly worshiped.批评家们争辩说这种做法与目前高度尊崇自由和个性的文明社会不一致。
23.Now people in growing numbers are enjoying the benefits at dinner table from the application of the new scientific advances to agriculture.现在，越来越多的人从餐桌上就能感受到新科技应用到农业所带来的好处。
24.With population rapidly increasing, heavy traffic has become a big headache for many cities.随着人口的迅速增长，交通拥挤已成为许多城市难以解决的问题。
25.Solving problems in the dormitory will, in the long run, help students understand how to communicate with others.解决宿舍中的问题从长远角度看将帮助学生懂得如何与其他人交流。
26.While building more roads in places where land is less useful, we should increase the number of public bus lines.一方面在土地不紧张的地方建造更多的道路，另一方面增加公共汽车线路。
27.What is more important, China, in which agriculture plays a leading role, will suffering a lot more than western countries if once stepping into the stage of popularization of cars.更为重要的是，在中国这样一个以农业为主导地位的国家，汽车一旦普及将遭受比西方国家曾经历的更为严 重的危害。
28.The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job market.大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力,而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的.29.The specialists are always telling people what food to eat, what to avoid and what to be put together.专家们总是告诉我们哪一种食物该吃，哪一种食物不该吃，哪几种食物应该相互搭配着吃。(带不定式的被 动结构)
30.After careful consideration, however, I finally decided it was worthwhile to attend college.在仔细考虑之后，我最终觉得上大学还是值得的。
31.Before we admitted television into our homes, we never found it difficult to occupy our spare time.在我们把电视请进家门之前，我们从来不觉得打发业余时间很困难。
32.Within 30 minutes in front of the TV set, I am widely and promptly informed about things ranging from important domestic events, the latest development in industry and agriculture to the current international situation.坐在电视机前 30 分钟，我就可以迅速地获得广泛的信息从重大的国内事件，工农业上的最新发展到最新的 国际形势等。
33.Some students have become dropouts because through part-time jobs they have found that the more education they have, the less money they earn.一些学生退学了，因为他们通过兼职工作发现，他们受的教育越多，赚的钱就越少。
34.No matter how similar they are, every two friends have differences, and no matter how different they are, as friends, they have at least one similarity: the sincerity towards friendship.不管多么相似，两个朋友他们都会有不同。不管他们多么不同，作为朋友，至少有一样是相似的：对友谊的 忠诚。
35.That is why most of the programs are so bad: it is impossible to keep pace with the demand and maintain high standards as well.这就是为什么多数电视节目如此糟糕的原因：电视节目不可能既保持高标准又满足观众的需求。
36.That is why there are still a number of people, particularly the old film fans, who show great fondness for cinema.这就是为什么还有许多人，尤其是老影迷，钟情于看电影。
37.While building more roads in places where land is less useful, we should increase the number of public bus lines.一方面在土地不紧张的地方建造更多的道路，另一方面增加公共汽车线路。
38.Personally, I prefer a balance of both activities so as to provide me with physical training and mental stimulation.就个人而言，我更喜欢把身心健康的这两种活动结合起来。
39.The demand for skilled personnel far exceeds the supply and big companies compete with each other to recruit students before they have completed their studies.技术人员供不应求，以至于大公司竞相招募未完成学业的学生。
40.The computer has the ability to accommodate to individual differences in learning speed, and so I am the one who can control the pace of my lessons.计算机能够适应学习速度的个体差异。因此，我就想成为能够控制自己课程进度的人。
41.Everyone hopes that others can approve his own understanding ability so that he can stand in an invincible position in competitions.我们每个人都希望自己的理解力得到大家的肯定，以便在竞争中立于不败之地。
42.School uniforms of the same color and design instill the notion that an organization has greater importance and value than an individual’s creativity.校服统一的颜色和式样向学生灌输了一种观念----集体的重要性和价值高于个人的创造力。
43.Things in classroom always go like this: teachers ask students to give their own different answers to the questions, but when students do speak up, they seldom get compliment for unique answers.在教室里的情形通常是这样的: 老师要求学生用自己的观点回答提问，而当学生这样做的时候，老师却很少 对其独特的回答加以表扬。
44.TV news programs often reveal to us events as they happen in other areas while any other news media cannot enjoy this advantage, lacking either in vividness or in timeliness.电视新闻节目经常给我们展现在别的地方 正在生的事情，而其他新闻媒体则无法享有这种优势，要么不生动，要么缺乏时效性。
45.They believe that by travelling to the moon and other planets, we can make great scientific advances and perhaps find an alternate place to live before our own plant becomes too crowed or uninhabitable.他们认为，通过登录月球及其他行星，我们可以取得重大的科学进步，因此我们或许可以再地球过度拥挤或 变得再也不能居住之前找到其他的住所。46.I think that the temptation of city life, especially of the cultural atmosphere in big cities, is overwhelming, even though those unsolved troubles are still there.我认为即便城市有许多还未解决的问题，但其生活-----特别是其中透着的文化气息----却充满了魅力。
47.In a word, students should be encouraged to take up part-time employment outside school hours, providing this is done within specified time and does not interfere with the demands of study.总之，应该鼓励学生在课余时间做一些兼职，但前提是在适当的时间内，不能影响学习。
48.A graduate with a wide range of knowledge besides his specialized and practical skills will get on better in society, and such a society will better off as a result.一个既懂得专业技术和实际技能又学识渊博的毕业生能够很快地适应社会，这样的社会也会越来越好。
49.It is inevitable for urbanization to bring us some sacrifice like the alienation of ourselves from nature.伴随着城市化，我们不可避免的要做出一些牺牲，如忍受远离大自然之苦。
50.Computer is used so widely that nearly all the fields in which we live have been deeply concerned about.计算机已被广泛地应用，以致于人们生活的所有领域都与它密切相关。
1.Today's university students are struggling to establish themselves, but they still have ambiguous feelings about their future.今天的大学生，尽管他们努力地想使自己成才，但对未来还是很模糊的
2.A man cannot find himself without finding a center beyond him.So the idealism of the undergraduate experience must help the student transcend himself.一个人如果不能找到自我以外的中心，就不能实现他的自我价值。所以，理想的本科教育必须使学生超越自我
3.We eagerly hope that the lessons leaned in the university will reveal themselves in our performance in the workplace and further education.我们强烈希望大学学到的东西在今后的工作与学习中能起到重要的作用
4.It cannot go unchallenged to say that the 4-year undergraduate experience is the only path to success in life.四年的本科学习是走向成功生活的唯一道路，这种说法是无法接受的
5.We run the risk of making critical decisions, not on the basis of what we know, the findings of investigations, and the data of experiments, but on the basis of blind faith in professed experts.在对一个关键问题做结论时，如果只相信所谓的专家而不相信自己，不根据调查的结果，不根据试验的数据，那是在冒险
6.Our task needs a large group of well-informed, caring young people who can band together, learn from each other, and actively participate in the four modernizations.我们的事业 一批受过良好教育又能关心他人的年轻人，他们能团结一致，相互学习，积极参加四化建设。
7.If it is to endure, the new school should help the students not only acquire a sold basic education and become competent in a specific field, but also be ready to commit themselves to others.如果这所新学校要有生命力的话，它培养的学生不仅要有扎实的基础和熟练的专业技能，还要有奉献精神。
8.It is not too much to say that if undergraduates excessively devote themselves to examinations, the will push competence and commitment to the fringes.如果大学生对考试过于投入，就有可能把能力与奉献放到次要位置，这样说一点不过分 9.I didn't even speak to him;much less discuss the reconstruction of your school with him.我甚至没有跟他说话，当然更不用说与他讨论有关你们学校改建问题
10.Some people think examinations are second to none, but some think examinations have a lot of disadvantages.Examinations leave us an open essential question---what influence do examinations exert on education? 有人认为考试很重要，但也有人认为考试很多弊端，所以考试留下一个未能解决的问题考试对教育有什么影响。
1.He is an experienced banker and an acknowledged trade expert, not to mention an excellent managing director.他不但是一位出色的银行家和公认的贸易专家，而且还是位经验丰富的企业主管
2.Regardless of danger, volunteers from an Italian organization for peace have gone to Baghdad, the capital of Iraq, to form a “body shield” for the purpose of preventing the US from bombing the place.意大利的一个和平组织志愿者不顾危险，已经开赴伊拉克首都巴格达，组成人体盾牌，以阻止美国轰炸该地
3.Nobody in the family is more dedicated to operating the real estate business than Judy.在这个家庭里，没有人比朱迪更能致力于经营房地产生意
4.Because of the economic depression, real estate agents are in the dilemma of whether to lower prices or let sales fall off.由于经济不景气，房地产经纪人正处于或降低房价或减少销售量的两难境地
5.More often than not, Mr.Smith earns great profits by careful investment of his capital.史密斯先生往往靠慎重投资而获取巨额利润
6.John did not make much of a mark in his studies at school, but he excelled at sports.约翰在学校里各门功课成绩都不怎么样，但在体育方面身手不凡
7.Ordrly transition of responsibilities is a condition for the long-range prosperity of a family business.有条不紊的职责交接是家庭企业长期繁荣的一个条件
8.You had better have a clear picture of prospects before formulating a plan for investment.在制定投资计划之前，你最好对投资前景有个清楚的了解
9.Although sculpture is a time-consuming art, there are still some people following it as a profession.尽管雕塑费时，但仍有一些人以雕塑为职业
10.The software company is in the midst of being transformed from an individual proprietorship to a joint venture.这家电脑软件公司正处于从独资经营到合资经营的转化过程中
1.The automobile was improved very rapidly after it was invented and soon displaced horses.汽车诞生后发展很快，不久就代替了马
2.We may have to cut down on the number of privately owned cars and depend more on public mass transit systems because cars pollute and maim or even kill p eople.由于汽车污染环境并严重伤害人体，甚至杀人，我们可能不得不削减私人拥有汽车的数量而更多的依赖公共交通系统
3.While wheels(automobiles)have brought with them better or more convenient transportation, they are guilty of many sins, such as air pollution, traffic accidents and traffic congestion.汽车轮子给我们带来更好更为便利的交通时，它也应对如空气污染，交通事故，交通拥堵之类的许多问题负责 4.Americans are noted for their love for cars and great job mobility.美国人对汽车的热爱以及它们较大的工作流动性是出了名的
5.If only advances in fuel quality and efficiency and in technology would radically reduce the emissions from automobiles.要是燃料质量和效率的提高和技术的进步能大大减少汽车的排放量，那该多好啊 6.A highly developed highway network has made possible the easy movement from coast to coast in the United States.在美国，高度发达的公路网使在各地之间的往来成为可能
7.The very thought of the speed at which the beautiful avenue was constructed electrified every visitor;the road had only recently been torn up to lay drain-pipes not long ago.一想到这条林荫大道的建设速度，参观者都感到很吃惊，这条路不久前还在开挖及铺设排水管
8.Environmentalists have denounced automobiles, believing they are a major factor in the production of dirty air.环境保护者严厉谴责汽车，认为汽车是产生空气污染的主要因素
9.Many new residential complexes have risen up in the suburbs of metropolitan cities because of the availability of convenient public transportation.由于有便利的公共交通，在大都市的市郊，许多新建的住宅群拔地而起
10.Despite their love for cars, many people lend credence to the extensive use of the public transport system, which can cut down on traffic congestion.尽管非常喜欢汽车，许多人还是相信广泛的使用公共交通系统能缓解交通拥挤
1.Some professional observers believe that young people today are no longer interested in politics and causes, but rather, have become increasingly preoccupied with issues closer to themselves.一些职业观察家认为，现在年轻人不再对政治和事业感兴趣，他们越来越关注与他们自身关系更为密切的问题
2.The higher a woman’s educational attainment, the more likely she is to go out of the private setting of the nuclear family and to realize herself in the community.一些妇女所获得的教育程度越高，就越有可能走出小家庭这个环境，到社会上去实现自我 3.As far as I am concerned, what really lies behind the decision of some married couples not to start a family is that they are so narcissistic and have no margin of love to spare others.就我而言，一些已婚夫妇做出不要小孩的真正原因是他们非常自恋，以至于他们没有多余的爱给别人
4.The company put on the market a registered invention even without asking the inventor’s permission, which goes against the patent law.这家公司甚至在为征求发明人同意情况下，就将其一项注册过的新发明投放市场，这一行为违反了专利法 5.Urged by some other countries, the United Nations has pressured the country to give up developing and using nuclear weapons.在一些国家的敦促下，联合国对该国施加压力，迫使其放弃研究和使用核武器
6.According to the rule that every member should remain childless, Mr And Ms white have no alternative but to withdraw from the Non-Parent Association, for they will attain parenthood soon.按照每个会员必须是无子女这一规定，怀特先生及其太太只好退出协会，因为他们很快就要当父母了
7.He expects to reveal, by presenting a soap opera, the complexity implicit in real life.他期望通过上演一部肥皂剧来揭示现实生活所固有的复杂性
8.In virtually every country, drug abuse, alcohol abuse and child abuse loon as most challenging social problems.几乎每个国家，嗜用麻醉品，酗酒和摧残儿童都有变为最令人深思的社会问题的趋势 9.When interviewed, these elderly people rationalized why they were ambivalent about today’s young people.在接受采访时，这些老年人合理地解释了为什么会对当今年青人产生矛盾心理的原因 10.Many college students are far more concerned with how to get a highly-paid job on graduation and how to receive a quick promotion in the competitive society.许多大学生更关心怎样在毕业后谋得一份报酬优厚的工作，怎样在这个充满竞争的社会里迅速得到提升
1.Generally, people have become more compassionate and quite a few families have taken in an orphan from the municipal orphanage.总的来说，人变得越来越有同情心，不少家庭收养了来自孤儿院的孤儿
2.It is a demanding task for a workingwoman to look after her parents and her children while holding down a job.一个有工作的妇女既要照顾她的孩纸和老人，又要设法保有这份工作，是一件非常困难的事情
3.At first we were worried about their first stay in a foreign country but things there worked out much better for them.起先，我们对他们初次在异国他乡生活感到担忧，但是结果他们在那个国家生活相当不错 4.Today's middle-aged people have fewer children than their parents did and the aging population problem may weigh on them in about 40 years.今天，中年人的孩纸比他们父母的孩纸要少的多，40年后人口老化问题可能成为他们孩纸的沉重负担
5.It is hoped that the current reform in education will better set students up to meet the challenges from society.希望目前的教育改革能为学生更好的迎接社会挑战做好准备
6.The government intends to transfer some of the health-care burden to the individual family but family members are not always available for the task because they cannot break away from their jobs to look after the sick elderly.政府把一部分健康护理负担转嫁给个人，但是家庭成员并不总是有空的，因为他们不能离开工作来照顾生病的老人
7.There is an increasing demand for beds in the nursing home, and we have to try every possible means to free them up.对养老院床位需求越来越大，我们不得不想尽一切办法腾出床位 8.With the large elderly population in this country, financing of health care and pensions could care the devil out of the government.随着该国老年人的日益增多，为医疗保健和养老金提供资金可能使政府感到恐惧。9.The young couple has to make some sacrifice to avoid letting their old beloved father down.这对年轻夫妇不得不做出牺牲，以避免使他们年迈的慈父伤心
10.What they had gone through in looking after their sick old father made them more compassionate, and they made a donation to the nursing home 他们在照顾年迈多病的老父时所经历的一切使他们更具同情心并向养老院捐了款。
1、------------------------工厂和汽车发出的一氧化碳一类气体严重污染了大气。
Carbon monoxide emitted by factories and automobiles of a class of serious pollution of the atmosphere gas.那位工业管理工程师的来信表明，他对该项计划是否可行有怀疑。
Letter industrial engineer who indicated that he doubts the feasibility of the project.美国许多父母在孩子出生之前就为他们的教育流出一笔专款。
Many parents in the United States before the birth of their child's education out of a fund.我已了解清楚，她的结论是以事实为根据的。
I have made sure that her conclusion is based on evidence-based.几天前，由三位医生和两名护士组成的医疗队出发到山区去了。
A few days ago, three doctors and two nurses from the medical team went off to the mountains.这个村庄是以耸立在它前面的那座高山命名的。
The village is standing in front of it the high mountain named.他病了一个月左右，这使他在学习上耽误了很多。
He was ill for about a month, making him a lot of delay in learning.南方和北方之间于一八六一年爆发的那场战争在历史上称为“美国内战” Between North and South in the 1861 war that broke out in history as “the American Civil War”
2、-------------------------她砰地关上门，一声不吭地走了，他们间的那场争执就此结束。
She slammed the door, walked away without a word, that field of dispute between them to an end.出席晚宴的客人对那个美国人的威严的语气感到有点意外。
Dinner guests the majesty of the American tone was somewhat unexpected.约翰尼已长大成熟，不再害怕独自呆在家里了。
Johnny has outgrown, no longer afraid of staying at home alone.当全部乘客都向出口处走去时，他却独自留在座位上，好像不愿意离开这架飞机似的。When all the passengers walked to the exit, he alone remained in his seat, as if unwilling to leave the plane-like.这封信必须交给威尔逊博士本人。
This letter must be submitted to Dr Wilson himself.南希虽然很想参加辩论，但腼腆得不敢开口。
Although Nancy would like to participate in the debate, but shy, too afraid to speak.你觉得什么时候最有可能在家里找到他？
When do you think are most likely to find him at home? 猎人一看见有只狐狸从树丛中出现并向他设下的陷进方向跑去，脸上顿时闪出了兴奋的表情。
Hunter saw a fox appeared from the bushes to the trap lay by the direction of his run, his face suddenly flashed a look of excitement.3、------------------------会议上有人建议任命一个十一人的委员会来制定新章程
Meeting it was suggested that the appointment of an eleven-person committee to make a new constitution 这些青年科学家通过现场观察，获得了研究工作所需的第一手资料。
These young scientists through field observations, the research required to obtain first-hand information.他很可能会因视力不好而被拒收入伍。
He will probably be rejected because of bad eyesight army.委员会成员在新机场最佳选址这一问题上持有不同意见。
Committee members the best location at the new airport have different views on this issue.亨利创作的艺术品在许多方面比他兄弟的要好。
Henry works of art are in many ways better than his brother.我们产品质量的稳步提高在很大程度上是犹豫设备有所改进。
Steadily improved the quality of our products are largely hesitant to improvement of our equipment.吉姆本想本想按照自己的判断行事，但他没有这样做，因为作为军人他得服从命令。
Jim would have wanted to act according to their own judgments, but he did not do so, because as a soldier he had to obey orders.如果让我来决定我们是要一个人没有自行车的城市呢，还是要一个没有汽车的城市，我会毫不犹豫地选择后者。
If I have to decide whether we want a city of people do not bike it, or to the city without a car, I would not hesitate to choose the latter.4、------------------------她在当地一家银行找打一份当出纳的工作，但不久因不称职而被解雇了。
She played at a local bank to find a job as a cashier job, but soon incompetence was fired.很明显是他的年轻助手在经营这家书店。
Obviously, his young assistant in running the book store.这项建议在会上一宣布，她就站起来提出异议。
The proposal announced at the meeting, she stood up to challenge.比尔已向哈佛大学申请助教职位，但他得到它的可能性很小。Bill has applied to Harvard University for a teaching assistantship, but he got it are slim.由于缺乏资金，他们正在想办法吸引外资。
Due to lack of funds, they are trying to attract foreign capital.这个房间有股霉味，一定是好久没住人了。
The room smells of stale, it must be for a long time did not live people.就业余爱好而言，珍妮和她妹妹几乎没有什么共同之处。
As far as hobbies are concerned, Jane and her sister have little in common.不言而喻，年轻人的教育对于一个国家的未来是至关重要的。
It goes without saying that young people's education for a country's future is crucial.5、-------------------------那小女孩跑得太快，身体一下失去平衡，跌倒了。
The little girl was running too fast, the body off balance and fell over.他致力于研究工作的精神给我留下了很深的印象，但我对他那些深奥的理论丝毫不感兴趣。He is committed to the spirit of research left me a deep impression, but I told him those not interested in esoteric theory.千万别说可能会被人误解的话。Do not say may be misunderstood.我被他们相互矛盾的意见搞糊涂了，不知如何去做才是。
I was their conflicting views of confused, I do not know how to act.起初，这个复杂问题使他们感到灰心丧气，但经过仔细思考他们终于研究出了解决办法。At first, this complex problem and make them feel frustrated, but after careful consideration they finally worked out a solution.体育代表团团长在少先队员向他献上一束鲜花时愉快地笑了。
Sports of the delegation of the Young Pioneers when a bunch of flowers to his pleasant smile.这学期我们都学习得不错，我真不明白为什么我们的英语老师单单表扬了班长一个人。This term we are learning quite well, I really do not understand why our English teacher praised simply monitor a person.我相信比较高级的动物是由比较低级的动物进化而来的这一学说。
I believe in higher animals is relatively low-level in the theory that animals evolved.6、-------------------------只要你不断努力，你迟早会解决这个难题的。
As long as you keep trying, you will sooner or later to resolve this difficult problem.我们预料我们的计划会受到抵制。We expect our program will be resisted.吉姆的朋友说，他们那个城市的噪音污染，一定能够找到一份称心如意的工作。Jim's friends say that their city's noise pollution, will be able to find a satisfactory job.冷静耐心地处理这个微妙问题是明智的。Calm and patience to deal with this delicate issue is wise.迪克以为，如果他拆开那台机器，那么很可能厂里别的工人也拆不开。
Dick thought that if he opened the machine, it is likely that other workers have also removed the factory is not open.你是否认为公共汽车司机应对乘客的安全负完全的责任？
Do you think the safety of passengers, bus drivers should take full responsibility? 你不必再去多想判断上的那些失误了。重要的是尽量避免再犯。
You need not dwell on the mistakes in judgments.Important to avoid recidivism.7、-------------------------当地居民对新的安全措施反应热烈。
Local residents to the new security measures in response.要是他对整个事情持否定态度，跟他争辩还有什么用呢？
If his negative attitude to the whole thing to argue with him, what is the use? 就在文戈获释之前，他给妻子写了封信，问她是否愿意让他回去。
Released to the Vingo, he wrote a letter to his wife and asked her if she would have him back.那名罪犯被从严判处十五年徒刑。
The criminal was given a stiff sentence of fifteen years.医生对诺兰太太说，她搬到乡下去住的明知决定在一定成都上帮助她恢复了健康。
Mrs Nolan said the doctor, she moved to the countryside to live knowing that the decision to help her in some Chengdu back to health.他那个房间有壁炉、软椅和沙发，虽然小些，但挺舒适。看来他很满意。
His room has a fireplace, soft chair and a sofa, was small but very comfortable.He seemed satisfied.警察要求司机把故事讲述的更详细一些。Police asked the driver to the story of more detail.彼得的数学不好，但要说到体育，他却是班上最好的。
Peter is good at maths, but when it comes to sports, he is the best in the class.8、------------------------巨额投资使这一地区的经济得以迅速发展。
Substantial investment to the region's rapid economic development.他们为新建一所医院开展筹款运动。
They carried out for a new hospital fund-raising campaign.成功在于勤奋，这句话很正确。
Success is hard work, this sentence is correct.他们都具有很高的道德标准，绝不会受诱惑接受如此贵重的礼品。They have high moral standards, and will not be tempted to take such expensive gifts.有迹象表明，不少工厂正面临着十分困难的局面。
There are indications that many factories are faced with a very difficult situation.警方找到罪犯是谁的重要线索后，在几小时内就以武装抢劫罪拘捕了他。
Police found an important clue to criminals who, after a few hours to the crime of armed robbery arrested him.调查揭示，对某些人来说，退休往往会造成心理上的病痛。
Investigation has revealed that for some people, retirement tends to cause psychological pain.医疗队并没有一味抱怨当地医院较差的工作条件。比如说，好几位医生就曾用自己的钱购置了简单的医疗器械。
The medical team did more than complain about poor working conditions at the local hospital.For example, several doctors had their own money to purchase a simple medical equipment.汉译英短文翻译
近年来，中国城市化进人加速阶段，取得了极大的成就，同时也出现了种种错综复杂的问题。今天的城乡建设速度之快、规模之大、耗资之巨、涉及面之广、尺度之大等已远非生产力低下时期所能及，建筑已成为一种重大的经济活动。（102字）难点注释：
1）城市化urbanization
2）加速阶段an accelerating phase
3）错综复杂的问题some complicated problems
4）远非?一所能及surpass
5）重大的经济活动a major economic pursuit
世界各地有3,600万人染上了艾滋病—这比整个澳大利亚的人口还多。目前，艾滋病是全球第4大死因，而在非洲则是头号罪魁。在非洲，艾滋病使工人丧失工作，使家庭丧失经济来源，使父母丧失孩子。在7个非洲国家中，巧岁至49岁的人口中艾滋病病毒感染者占到20％以上。（119字）难点注释：
1）染上艾滋病suffer from AIDS
2）头号罪魁the chief culprit
3）使„„丧失deprive of 4）艾滋病病毒感染者people infected with HIV
当今中国，对传真机的使用已十分普及，并成为现代重要的通讯终端设备。据一项调查显示，2002年，中国市场对传真机的需求量约为200万台，国内产量仅满足了约30%的需求，进口机占据市场的主导地位。（89字）难点注释：
1）传真机fax machines
2）通讯终端设备telecommunications terminal equipment
3）占主导地位dominate
2000年，美国数码相机的销量达到惊人的510万台，而1999年只有310万台。数码相机的流行其原因非常简单：成像质量好且花费少。此外，使用数码相机还能省去不少麻烦。你不用买胶卷，所有的照片都被存在可反复使用的存储卡上。一按快门，就可以马上在液晶显示屏上观察照片的效果。（124字）难点注释：
1）数码相机digital camera
2）可反复使用的存储卡reusable memo叮cards
3）按快门press the shutter
4）液晶显示屏the LCD screen
由于历史、政治和经济上的原因，全世界讲英语、用英语的人为数最多。但是英语之所以能在全球流行，除了上述原因之外，也和英语自身的一些特性和特点不无相关。其中最重要的一点就是英语特别容易接受和适应—英语中的词汇吸收了全世界几乎所有主要语言的材料。（113字）难点注释：
1）流行popularity
2)自身特性和特点qualities and characteristics in itself
3）不无相关have to do with 4）容易接受和适应receptive and adaptable
5）吸收take into
多年来，家长和老师都曾得到过这样一种信息：尽量利用任何机会表扬孩子，对他们所干的任何事情都要说好—据说这样做有助于提高孩子的自尊。但是近年来许多教育家和儿童心理学家正在得出一种完全相反的结论，他们认为对孩子往往少一些赞扬为好。（113字）难点注释：
1）得到信息get the message
2）尽量利用任何at almost any opportunity
3）自尊self-esteem
4）儿童心理学家child psychologist
5）得出完全相反的结论drawing a completely different conclusion
会议期间，有3个问题受到了特别重视，它们是：加强和巩固农业在国民经济中的地位和作用，提高农民收人；调整和改进产业结构，改进和加快区域性经济发展；努力工作，加快下岗工人就业和再就业步伐，改善社会保障制度。（100字）难点注释：
1）受到特别重视be highlighted for special attention
2）加强和巩固consolidate and strengthen
3）调整和改进readjust and optimize
4）区域性经济regional economies
5）下岗工人laid-off workers
当今世界的竞争是人才的竞争。因此，党中央决定从海外我们的留学生中，从香港、澳门、台湾吸收和利用人才来加强我们在世界上的竞争能力。引进这些人才的重点是那些开放程度越来越大、竞争越来越激烈的部门，比如说银行、保险等行业，以及国有大型企业的管理层。（120字）难点注释：
1）人才talented professionals.2）海外留学生overseas students
3）吸收和利用人才absorb and make use of
4）引进人才introduce talented people from outside
5）银行、保险业banking，insurance industry
6）国有大型企业large state-owned enterprise
我们中国是世界上最大的国家之一，它的领土和整个欧洲的面积差不多相等。在这个广大的领土之上，有广大的肥田沃地给我们以衣食之源；有纵横全国的大小山脉，生长了广大的森林，贮藏了丰富的矿产；有很多的江河湖泽，给我们以舟揖和灌溉之利；有很长的海岸线，给我们以交通海外各民族的方便。（136字）难点注释：
1）广大的肥田沃地large areas of fertile land
2)给我们以衣食之源provide us with food and clothing
3）纵横全国的大小山脉mountain ranges across its len妙and breadth
4）广大的森林，丰富的矿产with extensive forests and rich mineral deposits
5）给我们以舟揖和灌溉之利provide us with water transport and irrigation
6）交通海外各民族的方便facilitate communication with nations beyond the seas
温哥华的辉煌是温哥华人的智慧和勤奋的结晶，其中包括多民族团体所作的贡献。加拿大地广人稀，国土面积比中国还大，人口却不足3000万。温哥华则是加拿大最大的多民族城市。现今的180万温哥华居民中，有一半不是本地出生的，而平均每4个居民中就有一个是亚洲人。（120字）难点注释：
1）温哥华Vancouver
2）多民族团体multi-ethnic groups
3）智慧和勤奋的结晶a crystallization of the wisdom and diligence，此处可根据上下文进行转换调整：the prosperity is attributed to the wisdom and diligence of the people
4）地广人稀a vast，under-populated country
5）不是本地出生的not born locally
人体是由各种类型的细胞构成的，这些细胞多达50万亿，它们之间相互联系，相互依赖。如果丧失其中的某些细胞，比如说失去构成整条腿的细胞，将会严重影响其余所有肌体组织；而像心脏或肾脏之类的器官，哪怕相对较少的细胞受到严重损害，也可能会最终导致所有50万亿细胞的死亡。（128字）难点注释：
1）万亿trillion
2）相互联系，相互依赖interrelated and interdependent
3）影响其余的所有肌体组织handic即all the rest of the organism
4）最终导致end by...，lead to...l2
不同的篇章、体裁在直译与意译的趋向程度上往往有所不同。一般来说，文献类和新闻报道的翻译多采用直译，因为翻译这类文献关键在于译文的准确性；而对诗歌散文、戏剧电影、小说传记等以情动人的作品，翻译时应多采用意译，以充分再现原文的意境情趣。（115字）
难点注释：
1）直译与意译literal translation and free translation
2）不同程度地to some extent
3）多采用be preferable to（something）
4）文献literatures，documents
5）关键在于the crux lies in
6）以情动人的作品emotional works
7）原文的意境情趣the right mood and flavor of the original works
从20世纪中叶到21世纪中叶的一百年间，中国人民的一切奋斗，则是为了实现祖国的富强、人民的富裕和民族的伟大复兴。这个历史伟业，我们党领导全国人民已经奋斗了五十年，取得了巨大的进展，再经过五十年的奋斗，也必将胜利完成。（105字）难点注释：
1）20世纪中叶the mid-20th century
2）奋斗endeavor
3）民族的伟大复兴the nation immensely rejuvenated
4）历史伟业historic cause
中国的体育运动经历了几千年的发展，但直到1949年中华人民共和国成立后才成为国家的事业。目前，一个全国范围的体育运动网已经建立起来，这方面的开支也被列人国家预算之中。在过去的五十年中，由于体育工作者和体育运动员的共同努力，我国的体育运动取得了可喜的成绩。（123字）难点注释：
1）经历undergo
2）国家的事业an undertaking of the state
3）体育运动网network for physical culture
4）列人国家预算 include in the state budget
5）可喜的成绩gratifying achievement
展望新世纪初的国内外形势，未来五到十年，是我国经济和社会发展极为重要的时期。世界新科技革命迅猛发展，经济全球化趋势增强，许多周边国家正在加快发展。所有这些既对我们提出了严峻挑战，也为我们提供了迎头赶上、实现跨越式发展的历史性机遇。（127字）
难点注释：
1）极为重要的时期an extremely important period
2）全球化趋势the economic globalization trend
3）周边国家neighboring countries 4）严峻挑战severe challenge
5）跨越式发展development by leaps and bounds
森林给人提供木材，还能调节气候、保持水土、防风固沙、改善水质、防烟防尘、消毒杀菌、减少噪声、美化环境、维持及改善生态平衡。如果没有绿色植物不断制造氧气和吸收有害的气体，人类就无法生存。人们的健康与空气的优劣有关，而空气的优劣又与森林的多少有关。（122字）难点注释：
1）调节气候regulate climate
2）保持水土conserve water and soil
3）防风固沙wall off wind，fix sands
4）消毒杀菌sterilize（purify）the air
5）生态平衡ecological balance
许多树木都能吸收空气中的有害物质和致癌物质。林区空气中的细菌数量只有无林区的百分之一，而百货商店内每立方米空气中则含有四百多万个细菌。绿化区可以使噪音减弱四分之一左右。森林上空和附近的空气的含水量比无林地区多百分之十至二十。（112字）难点注释：
1）致癌物质cancer-causing substances
2）每立方米per cubic meter
3）含水量moisture content
到2020年，全世界癌症的发病率有可能增加50个百分点，每年可能将出现1500万新病例。世界健康组织全球癌症报告指出，如果不采取积极的预防措施，这样的趋势将无法避免。因为这是从已经形成的生活习惯—例如抽烟—滋生出来的。（101字）难点注释：
1）癌症的发病率cancer rate
2）世界健康组织The World Health Organization
3）无法避免inevitable
生物学家发现，每年有10万多只信天翁被渔船杀死。如果不采取紧急措施，几十年之后，大部分的信天翁种类都会灭绝。信天翁有极强的耐力和航海能力，能够绕地球飞行几圈而不着陆。它们一生的行程约有一千多万英里，相当于往返地球与月球之间50次。（112字）难点注释：
1）信天翁albatross
2）紧急措施urgent action
3）灭绝extinguish，be wiped out
4）耐力endurance
据研究人员统计，接下来的几十年，欧洲人口将持续减少。目前欧盟国家的妇女平均生1.5个孩子，而为了保持人口替代率，每个妇女至少要生两个孩子。即便从现在开始妇女增加生育数量，人口减少的趋势仍将持续几十年，因为他们的下一代中愿意成为父母的人比这一代的要少。（122字）难点注释：
1）持续减少continue to decline
2）替代率replacement rate
3）人口减少的趋势the tendency to population decline
答案
In recent years，urbanization in China has stepped into an accelerating phase.Amidst magnificent achievements，there have emerged some complicated problems.The crux is that the cities and the countryside are developing at such a rapid rate，on such a large scale，with such enormous capital，in such a vast extent that they have surpassed any historical period China has ever witnessed before.Virtually，building construction has today become a major economic pursuit in China.Throughout the world 36 million people are suffering from AIDS，which is more than the whole population of Australia.At present，AIDS is the fourth leading cause of death in the whole world，and the chief culprit in Africa.In Africa，it deprives jobs of the workers，families of incomings and children of their parents.In seven African countries，more than 20 percent of the 15-to-49-year-old population is infected with HIV.In today's China，fax machines have been widely used as a popular and important modern telecommunications terminal equipment.According to a study，in 2002，Chi-na needed about 2 million fax machines，but the country only satisfied about 30% of the demand with the market dominated by the imported ones.Digital cameras sold an astonishing 5．1 million throughout the US in 2000，up from 3．1 million in 1999.These cameras are getting popular for a good and simple reason：they take better pictures for less money.Digital cameras have always offered convenience.You don't have to buy films because all your images are saved on reusable memory cards.Press the shutter and you can review your shot immediately on the LCD screen.The English language is spoken or read by the largest number of people in the world for historical，political，and economic reasons.But it may also be true that the popularity of English language has much to do with some qualities and characteristics in itself.First and most important is its extraordinarily receptivity and adaptability-it has taken materials into its own vocabulary from almost all major languages in the world.For years，parents and teachers got the message that children should be praised at almost any opportunity，that saying“good job”for everything they do，as they believe，helps raise their self-esteem.But many educators and child psychologists are drawing a completely different conclusion：less praise is often better for their children.During the meeting，three aspects have been highlighted for special attention over next.They are：consolidate and strengthen the fundamental role of agriculture in the national economy and increase farmers' income；readjust and optimize the industrial structure for the promotion of coordinated development of regional economies；work hard to boost employment and the reemployment of laid-off workers，and improve the social security network．
In today's world，competition among states is mainly a competition among talentedprofessionals.Therefore，it is a decision adopted by the CPC Central Committee to fully absorb and make use of the talented people among our overseas students and among the professionals in Hongkong，Macao and Taiwan.This will help us strengthen our competitive edge.The departments that would introduce talented people from outside are those that are exposed to increasingly fierce competition and that are open wider to the outsider world，such as banking，insurance industry，large state-owned enterprises，etc.China is one of the largest countries in the world，her territory being about the size of the whole of Europe.In the vast country of ours there are large areas of fertile land which provide us with food and clothing，mountain ranges across its length and breadth with extensive forests and rich mineral deposits，many rivers and lakes which provide us with water transport and irrigation，and a long coastline which facilitates communication with nations beyond the seas.Vancouver's prosperity is attributed to the wisdom and diligence of the people living in Vancouver，including the contribution made by multi-ethnic groups.Canada is a vast，under-populated country with a land area larger than that of China and a population of less than 30 million and Vancouver is the largest multi-ethnic city in the country.Among its 1．8 million residents，half were not born locally and there is on an average one Asian out of four residents.A man body is composed of 50 trillion cells of a variety of types，all interrelated and interdependent.Loss of some of those cells，such as those making up an entire leg，will seriously handicap all the rest of the organism，and serious damage to a relatively few cells in an organ，such as the heart or kidneys，may end by killing all 50 trillion.Different discourses or styles tend to focus on different stresses so，to some extent，need different translating ways.Generally speaking，literal translation is preferable to free translation in translating literatures，for the crux of these literatures lies in accura-cy.On the other hand，free translation is more suitable than literal translation in translating some emotional works such as poetry，prose，drama，film，novels，autobiography，etc．，so as to reproduce the right mood and flavor of the original works.All endeavors by the Chinese people for the 100 years from the mid-20th to the mid-21st century are for the purpose of making our motherland strong，the people prosperous and the nation immensely rejuvenated.Our Party has led the entire Chinese people in carrying forward this historic cause for 50 years and made tremendous progress，and it will successfully attain the objective through hard work in the coming 50 years.China's sports have undergone several thousand years of development.But they were not regarded as an undertaking of the state until 1949，when the People's Republic of China was founded.Now a nation-wide network for physical culture has been set up and expenditure on this field has been included in the state budget.With the concerted efforts of sports workers and athletes，gratifying achievements have been made in physical culture and sports in the past 50 years.Looking ahead at the situation at home and abroad at the beginning of the 21st century，it can be said that the next five to ten years will be an extremely important period for China's economic and social development.The worldwide new scientific and technological revolution is progressing rapidly with great momentum.The economic globalization trend is gaining strength.Many neighboring countries are accelerating their development.All this serves as a severe challenge as well as a historic opportunity for us to strive to catch up and achieve development by leaps and bounds.Apart from providing people with timber，forests help regulate climate，conserve water and soil，wall off wind，fix sands，improve water quality，keep away smoke and dust，sterilize（purify）the air，reduce noise，beautify surroundings，maintain and improve ecological balance.Man would not be able to exist without green plants producing oxygen and absorbing harmful gases all the time.Man's health is closely related to thequality of the air，which in turn is decided by the size（extent）of forests.Many kinds of trees can absorb poisonous and cancer-causing substances in the air.The amount of bacteria in a forest area makes up but 1％of that in a deforested area，while the air in a department store contains more than 4 million bacteria per cubic meter.A tree-covered area may reduce noise by a quarter.Moisture content in the air above or around a forest is 10%-20% more than that of the places devoid of forest.Cancer rates worldwide could increase by 50 percent by 2020，reaching 15 million new cases a year.The World Health Organization's World Cancer Report says that if no preventive measures are taken increases of this order are inevitable because they stem from habits-such as smoking-that are already established.Biologists have discovered that fishing fleets are eliminating more than 100, 000 albatrosses every year.In a couple of decades most species will be wiped out unless urgent action is taken.Albatrosses are capable of astonishing feats of endurance and navigation，and can fly round the world several times without stopping on land.During their lives，they fly more than 10 million miles，the equivalent of 50 return trips to the moon.According to researchers' estimate，Europe's population will continue to decline for decades.At present 1 ．5 babies are born for every European Union woman，when two births are required for the population“replacement rate”to be maintained.Even if women started to have more children again，the tendency to population decline would continue for decades，as there will be fewer parents in the next generation than in this one.
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