托福写作教学详解

第一篇：托福写作教学详解

托福写作课程提纲

孙清月 一． 教学阶段：

第一阶段：第一节课: 综合介绍考试

第二阶段：第二~五节课: 托福写作的具体内容 第三阶段：第六节课：写作应用，范文讲解

二． 教学过程设计：

1.第一节：（幻灯片P1—P45）基本内容：1.新托福考试简介

2.托福写作得分攻略

① 对托福写作的考试内容进行介绍 ② 对托福写作的评分标准，阅卷人心理进行分析，据此再对学生介绍写作考试的考点重点 ③ 写作学习方法和学习资料推荐 ④ 托福写作得分攻略：“六脉神剑” ⑤ 托福考试的注意事项及细节点 ⑥ 上课练习等各项要求

2.第二节：

基本内容：独立写作介绍部分与语言学习Correct & Accurate Language（幻灯片P46—P99）

①

独立写作的总体介绍（考试内容，考试形式，评分标准）：

② 独立写作题型介绍 ③ 独立写作审题

④ 独立写作的文章语言

⑤ Correct & Accurate Language 1.教你善用词

如何摆脱其六大滥用词语 2.如何妙用标点符号 3.七大插入语插入语 4.八大超亮眼句子 5.学会运用修辞手法

3.第三节：独立写作内容部分级推荐模板（幻灯片P100-P139）

① 独立写作的首段（推荐句型+模板）② 独立写作的中大段（推荐句型+模板）③ 独立写作中，如何写例子的讲解 1.例证法（分名人事例，自我建造，举反例三小部分讲解）2.对比对照法

④ 通篇总结独立写作内容（推荐句型+模板）⑤ 独立写作的尾段（推荐句型+模板）⑥ 如何找论点？九大万能理由

3.第六节课:

基本内容：综合写作部分（幻灯片P140-P163）① 综合写作的总体介绍（考试内容，考试形式，评分标准）② 综合写作题型问法的讲解 ③ 综合写作把握考点的要点

④ 综合写作的应答技巧之如何记笔记 ⑥ 综合写作的应答技巧之模板架构 ⑦ 综合写作的应答技巧之替换词 ⑧ 综合写作的应答技巧大总结 ⑨ 实战演练，理解应用

6.第六节课：应用部分

1.分享3篇（左右）不同写法的高分范文，体会写作的知识是如何具体应用在文章中的。2.复习写作全部知识要点

第二篇：托福写作

Agree or disagree A university should focus more on its facilities, computers or laboratory, rather than on hiring famous teachers

Nowadays, highly education has been attached more important than before.A argue that school facilities should pay more attention than professor lecture.From my perspective, although such hardware like computer centers and science lab provide some benefits to university students, university depends on quality of stuff.Admittedly, a school equipped with great facilities is more appealing the applicants.The reason is that it can make study easier.A bright library offers such a quiet condition for knowledge absorption;a computer center provides a self-govern ways to study;a science lab make student get more practice about miracles.However, this factors become less considerate when it comes to the quality of the professors.For one thing, not only do famous teachers can impart the knowledge, but instill the angle that to solve the problem.To pass on knowledge, a human is no better than a machine or a high-tech tool.The difference lies in the

special ways to get the solutions and the potential inspiration by the former.Take my favorite teacher for example, she often shows us some different way to solve the difficulties.And then she tells us the angle to work out the problem.As for me, it was not until her explanation, that I know about the easier way to work the problem.That is something that high-tech can barely achieve.For another, universities with qualified teachers tend to have higher graduate employment.It is not hard to imagine that a teacher with connections can bring more opportunity to get internship.As an old saying goes, knowledge starts with practice.It is still true now.Students who swamped in labs, would never face the brutal fact that you need a window for people to see what you’ve got.In this way, a well-connect professor can open that for you, instead of lifeless labs.In conclusion, though facilities could promote learning, but it fail to generate more practical merits to students.Recruit more qualified teacher should be paid more attention and stress.

第三篇：托福写作欣赏

托福写作范文欣赏：a new university in your community

摘要：新托福考试写作如果考生想拿高分，脑子里一定要有几篇文章，背上几篇范文，能以备不时只需。托福写作是中国考生的弱项，只有在日常生活中多读些范文，了解托福写作中的逻辑思

新托福考试写作如果考生想拿高分，脑子里一定要有几篇文章，背上几篇范文，能以备不时只需。托福写作是中国考生的弱项，只有在日常生活中多读些范文，了解托福写作中的逻辑思维，才可更好的进行锻炼。下面我们一起欣赏这篇托福写作范文。

这篇托福独立写作满分范文的主要内容是讨论了如果政府宣布计划兴建一所新的大学，而有些人认为你所在的社区是个建大学的好地方，那么请你也对比一下在你所在的社区建新大学的好处和坏处。The government has announced that it plans to build a new university.Some people think that your community would be a good place to locate the university.Compare the advantages and disadvantages of establishing a new university in your community.Use specific details in your discussion.①优点：学生上学方便;促进当地的教育发展

②优点：促进当地产业发展，提供就业岗位

③缺点：本区很多老人，将极大影响他们的生活，其他人的生活也不再安宁

④缺点：交通、环境问题转自:考试网-[Examw.Com]

My community is located in a quiet and small town with very

beautiful natural sceneries.The environment is very suitable for a new university.Everyone in my community would without doubt enjoy a sense of pride when informed that a new university will be built here.However, just as any other constructions, this action will bring many advantages as well as disadvantages to my community.The most essential and exciting advantage is that a new university will definitely enhance the education on all levels in my community.Usually, children living nearby a university would frequently visit or play in the university, and thus they can be unconsciously influenced by the academic environment.This influence might be more effective to them than any preach from their parents about the importance of studying.By building a new university, children in my community will develop a greater motivation for studying hard.Moreover, with a university located nearby, all the primary schools, middle schools will have a greater sense of competition.The teachers may encourage the students to work harder to get a university degree, since it would be very embarrassing that the students of their own community could not be admitted by the new university.Besides, a new university in my community will boom the local economy.As we all know, universities are always surrounded by a wide range of stores, restaurants and markets which provide services to the students and faculty.Thus it is very likely that the new university will

encourage the local residents to offer their services around the school.As a result, more people will be employed and the employment rate which bothers the government for years might eventually drop.However, with closer examination, the disadvantages of building a new university in my community could also be formidable.Since my community is far from the city, most of its residents are seniors.Even for the younger people living here, they prefer a quiet environment and are afraid of any major changes made to their lives.Therefore, the attention brought by a new university might be unbearable to these local people.To be specific, traffic will no doubt increase in the near future.With more cars and people on the roads, it is possible that the local environmental quality will decrease.If the air is no more clean, our community might lose its strongest attraction.Then current residents might feel quite reluctant to live here in the future.In sum, the advantages of building a new university in my community seems very promising, yet we have to consider the undesirable consequences it might bring about.The government should really be cautious and take all the possible factors into consideration before making such a decision.'

我们并不主张考生死记范文，考试时如果遇到类似题目照搬上去，这并不能考察考生的写作能力。新托福考试写作多背一些范文，可以积累一些素材，像好的短语、词、句等，灵活运用。

第四篇：托福写作心得

关于托福作文的几个比较常见的问题：

1,多少字数合适？OG上说综合写作150-225，独立写作300。个人认为综合250字，独立380+比较妥当，但是不用追求太多的字数，有字数没质量的作文绝对不能得高分。但是有质量的作文字数肯定少不了，ETS要求Use specific reasons and details to supportyour choice，你想想达到这个要求的作文字数能太少吗？

2,要准备多少时间？三到四周第一周把***185范文看透，每个题目自己都分析一下，同时学习好的句子。后面两周每天练一篇综合一篇独立，练手感，同时练打字速度。（用老键盘练，不能用笔记本键盘）3，托福作文这么八股，考了高分其实不算什么，为了达到北美大陆以后我们写起论文来杠杠的，我们一起为提高整体英语综合实力努力吧。

一定要严格按照lecture的内容进行写作，千万不要添加自己的东西。综合写作不需要你表态的，你要做的就是用不同的句子对就lecuture进行复述。

第一段就对论点进行简单评述，表达自己的立场。

第二段举出一个例子进行描述，穿插idea

第三段通过另一个不同方面的例子

第四段作一个小结

这样写的话，就是以例子为主，议论为辅了。

句子尽量简洁,略微的加入一些特殊句式.开篇段落的写作可分为两大步骤，第一步就是用简洁明了的句子对原题目的意思进行同义替换；

第二步是提出自己的观点。

这两大步骤细化起来可以概括为四句话：

第一句，采用同义替换的方式对原题目的意思进行更改，当然是“形变神不变”；第二句，对题目的意思进行解释

第三句，提出自己的观点；

第四句，概括自己所提出观点的理由，引起下文。

案例1：误解原意思

Do you agree or disagree: Because people are busy with doing so many things, they can do few things well?

Original：

Some people may hold the view that they are able to do things well even if they are busy with doing so many things simultaneously or during a given period.Although plausible at the first glance, I disagree with the statement.Depending on my own personal experience and personality, I firmly maintain that people can do few things well when they are busy with doing so many things.My arguments of this opinion are listed as follows.解析：

文章第一句话不是对原题目意思进行解释，而是采用采取了和原意思相反的做法来进行题目诠释；第二句表明自己对误解题目的观点；第三句话对自己的观点进行近一步的解释；

第四句一个过渡性的句子。开篇内容安排倒是很好，但是作者犯了误解原题目意思的错误导致后面整个文字都做了无用功。

改后：

When people are engaged in a large extent of work simultaneously, they will not be able to perform all of them perfectly.Just imagine how terrible it will be: too many jobs need to be done by the same person in a given time.Once such a picture appears in my mind, I feel dizzy.To me, it is impossible to do everything well with the limited energy and many others factors.Therefore , I agree with the statement too many things to be done at the same time cause few to be well done.The reasons are as follow.Revised：

第一句话对原题目意思进行了很好的诠释；第二、三句话进一步解释原题目；第四句话提出自己的观点；第五句话过渡性句子引起下文。

案例2 ：语言罗嗦，绕弯子给出自己观点，浪费时间

Some young adults want independence from their parents as soon as possible.Other young adults prefer to live with their families for a longer time.Which of these situations do you think is better? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.original：

With the development of science and technology, people’s living standard has been improving day by day.According to the family plan, one couple could have only one child.So child becomes the center of the whole family.Some of them are even spoiled.Therefore, I think it is better if the young adult could live independent from their parents as soon as possible.解析：

这个开头看似没有任何问题，但是仔细分析就会发现很多问题。首先，作者绕了个大弯才给出自己的观点。其次，观点是对原题目的抄写，改动的比较少。最后，开篇缺少引起下文的过渡句。更大的错误是这个开头更像是一个全文主要观点的一个分论点。

Revised:

As we all know, some young adults have the sense of independence in a special period so that they want to choose to live apart from their family, while others still choose to stay with parents in the family.Family can provide young adults a warm bay where he or she could turn to whenever any problems arise.However, considering the sound development of the young adult both mentally and physically, I think to live independently the earlier, the better.Independence is a lesson that each of us must face one day.The detailed reasons are listed below.解析：

第一句话诠释原题目意思；第二句话进一步解释第一句话；第三句话提出自己的观点；第四句话解释自己的观点，引出下文。

integrated writing/综合写作:要求考生在3分钟内读一篇文章，然后听一个lecture，在20分钟内根据文章和lecture内容写一篇250字左右文章比较两者的观点。（注：文章内容和lecture内容注定是对立的，如果你考的不是对立的，那只有一种可能，你的RP次到了人神共愤的地步了。）

综合写作的八股在于：第一段指出reading passage和lecture内容是对立的；第二、三、四段从三个方面/点来说明他们的内容是怎样对立的；第五段总结一下他们之间确实是对立关系。

independent writing/独立写作：给定一个题目，要求考生在30分钟内写出400字左右的文章，要求逻辑清晰，论述有力，无明显的语法和词法错误。

独立写作八股在于：第一段陈述你的观点，支持哪一方；第二、三、四段从三个方面论述你的观点；最后一段总结一下，综上所述，某某观点是正确的。

既然新托福两篇作文都是八股文，那必然有各自的八卦写法，接下来，让我们来看一下怎样写八股托福作文。

综合写作：模板，套模板，一定要套模板！

理由：1，模板让你的思路更加清晰，这是ETS要求的。

2，20分钟！开玩笑，怎么凑到300字？当然要用模板！

3，阅读听力我都不怕，就怕作文，写三句话错两句，我怎么得26+？当然还是用模板，既然是模板就意味着是你精挑细选的句子，保证了写作的质量！

提醒：1，模板要富于变化，一篇只能用5句那你就要准备10句！

2，模板不能一味照搬别人的，避免重复！

3，保证模板里的句子没有语法和用词错误！

一般来说，大家把一下几个句子稍微变形，即完成了综合写作第一步

1.The lecturediscusses…which differs from the main idea in the reading that…（用于第一段）

2.The professormade the point that …The reading , in contrast, held a different view.（用于第一或第二三四段）

3.Another important pointshowed in the listening material is that …but the reading presents aconflicting idea that…（用于第三四段）

4.Finally, the professorstated that...which challenges the standpoint made by the writer who saidthat...（用于第四段）

5.In general, the professordiscussed the problem of …that the reading viewed in acontraryopposingdifferent angle.（最后总结段）

6.According tothe lecture… on the other hand while the reading stated that …

7.The professor made the pointthat… on the contrary in contrast however, the writer demonstrated an ideathat…

8.The lecturesupportsillustrates the idea that…

9.The lecturecontradictsrefutes is contrary to is the opposite of the idea that…

10.Contrary tothe belief in the passage that …the professor says that…

11.The professorrefutes the viewpoint showed in the passage that… by saying that…（6-11均用于第二三四段）

大家可以把连接词变化一下，把动词变化一下或句式稍变，11句话灵活运用。

除了模板以外，综合写作我们还需要做什么？

做笔记，做听力笔记！

99．9%的情况下，综合写作的主体内容是三个对立的观点，所以大家只要把这个三个点记下来，然后把阅读里相应的三点抠出来放到模板里面去，你的综合写作就做完了，就是这么简单！

独立写作怎么办？

很遗憾，独立写作没有固定的模板，起码我没用过。没有模板怎么能叫八股文呢？独立

写作的八股在于它的题目很固定，如果不信，请翻看OG上给出了那几百道例题。绝大部分题目是：**和**相比，你觉得哪个更好/更合理？/你更支持哪个观点？一部分题目是：*******，你怎么办？/你是怎么看的？

还有极小部分发散性题目很少考，而前面两种其实是一种题目，不信？你看个例子。Q：Yourschoolhasreceived a gift of money.What do you think is the best wayforyourschool to spend this money? Use specific reasons and detailstosupport yourchoice.这个题目没有给你二选一的选项，我们要做的是把它转化为二选一，捐款的用途无外乎这么几种：建图书馆、体育馆（还可细分篮球、**。。）、学生公寓、办公大楼、买电脑。。这么多选项你只要从中挑选一个，然后把这个和其他的相比较这篇文章你就搞定了！除了题目固定之外，写作的手法同样很固定。其实大家只要熟读范文100篇，不会背书也能写。而且能写高分作文。具体的方法就是在论坛找到那谁谁谁的185篇满分作文，挑选其中你觉得写的不错的把其中铺垫的句型，转换词挑出来，背一背，背多了你会发现所有的满分作文其实是一个套路出来的流水线作品（除极少数作文）。流水线作文谁不会写呢？那满分作文其实很简单的！

第五篇：托福写作

Do you agree or disagree that university should spend money on improving facilities(labs and general requirements)rather than hiring famous teachers?

Nowadays it rarely surprises us any more that there are relatively large numbers of facilities such as labs and libraries in the campus of universities.However, hordes of people are likely to go to extremes to hold that the university should not spend that much money on improving facilities on account of the lack of fund.Perhaps there is a slice of credibility in their argument, but I, without hesitation, advocate that it’s really essential for the universities to improve facilities

Granted, it is true that by saving money from the investment of facilities, the universities may concentrate more on the development of curriculum and the welfare which is provided for the teachers and professors.The statistics from the Harvard University reveal, astonishingly, that 62.7% people suggest that the universities should not be too eager to develop the general requirements.However, they ignore the fact that these facilities provided by the universities will definitely benefit the students in more ways than one.First and foremost, what never seizes to enthrall me is that the facilities will build a great atmosphere for the people(mainly college students)to study and relax.If the university constructs a great library which stores up millions of books or more, it will surely appeal to lots of studious students and those who don’t have the opportunity to attend the university.So actually this kind of facilities benefits the whole society, so do labs and other general requirements.Also, facilities like a natatorium or a gym can provide the basic facilities for students to relax.As we all know, students suffer both from studying burden and everyday lives.They need a way to relax, and these facilities just happen to provide great opportunities to relieve and extenuate their pressure.Therefore, there is no denying that by spending money on improving facilities a university will, to a great extent, enrich the students’ knowledge and broaden their horizon and give them the chance to relax at the same time.Moreover, the reputation gained from various facilities exerts a considerable fascination on me.If a university has more facilities which can provide students with more privilege, it can surely attract more top students who want the best education.Also, a famous university with variety numbers of facilities can add to the prestige of the city, the province, even the country which it belongs to.A case concerns MIT, which is one of the most celebrated universities all over the world.It has gained a high reputation for its prominent labs and stat-of-the-art equipments which provide students with the remarkable experimental qualification.Also, it makes its city, Cambridge, better known by the people as a cosmopolitan, international and civilized conurbation.Accordingly, it is apparent that the variety of the universities will make itself more eminent, therefore making significant contribution to the prosperity of the region.In conclusion, it is true that the limitation on funding facilities will economize some manpower and material resources for a university, but in order to provide both the students andthe universities with a bright future, spending money on these general equipments should never be off the table by a university.