2013卫生类 阅读理解 完形填空目录

第一篇：2013卫生类 阅读理解 完形填空目录

2013卫生类 阅读理解 完形填空目录

第一篇纳米保健技术走向贫困国家Bringing Nanotechnology to Health Care for the Poor

第二篇医学杂志Medical Journals

第三篇厨房油烟可致癌Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor

第四篇孕期妇女宜多补充多维制剂Multivitamins Urged for All Pregnant Women第五篇美国人吃盐过量U.S.Eats Too Much Salt

第六篇自行车的危险Pushbike Peril

第七篇深夜喝咖啡Late-night Drinking

第八篇Eat Healthy（2012新增，2012年4月真题）

第九篇美国将在一月启动一项耗资三十二亿美元的儿童健康研究项目U.S.to Start $.Billion Child Health Study in January

第十篇换抽雪茄Cigars Instead?

第十一篇失眠Sleeplessness

第十二篇关于感冒的常识Common-cold Sense

第十三篇药反应——至死的主要原因Drug Reactions—A Major Cause of Death

第十四篇梦Dreams

第十五篇乐观情绪助你远离感冒Warm People Likely to Keep Cold at Bay第十六篇睡眠（综合C+卫生C）Sleep

第十七篇食用土豆能促进我们的免疫系统Eating Potatoes Gives Your Immune System a Boost

第十八篇老年糖尿病患者进行体育锻炼可以取代胰岛素治疗Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly Diabetics

第十九篇Prolonging Human Life（2012新增）

第二十篇FDA：人畜排泄物危及农产品FDA: Human Animal Waste Threatens Produce

第二十一篇早期或稍晚期的日托Early or Later Day Care

第二十二篇被饥荒颠覆的埃及Egypt Felled by Famine

第二十三篇产后抑郁症——妇女自杀的罪魁祸首After-birth Depression Blamed for Woman’s Suicide

第二十四篇Sleep Lets Brain File Memories（2012新增）

第二十五篇诺贝尔奖的公布从医学奖开始．Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize Announcements

第二十六篇肥胖症——西方世界的灾祸Obesity: the Scourge of the Western World

第二十七篇艾滋病治疗的新突破（2012新增，2012年4月真题）New Attempts to Eradicate AIDS Virus

第二十八篇农业作物的病害Diseases of Agricultural Plants

第二十九篇肥 胖 症Obesity

第三十篇安静和致死Silent and Deadly

第三十一篇动物间的间隔距离Spacing in Animals

第三十二篇果汁和蔬菜汁与水果和蔬菜一样对人体有益Fruit and Vegetable Juices as Beneficial to Health as Fruits and Veggies

第三十三篇非运动场所滑冰与损伤In-line Skating and Injuries第三十四篇 Who Want to Live Forever?（2012新增）

第三十五篇单亲幼儿最出色Single-parent Kids Do Best

第三十六篇日光有害儿童健康Dangerous Sunshine to Children第三十七篇发现高血压药品可降低中风的危险Hypertension Drugs Found to Cut Risk of Stroke

第三十八篇怀孕异常会降低乳腺癌发生率Pregnancy Anomalies May Lower Breast Cancer Risk

第三十九篇泳池监护Pool Watch

第四十篇Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like Others（2012新增，2012年4月真题）第四十一篇肾病和心脏病相互刺激Kidney Disease and Heart Disease Spur Each Other

第四十二篇早老性痴呆研究的新进展More about Alzheimer’s Disease第四十三篇视力损伤的学生的教育Education of Students with Vision Impairments

第四十四篇水 污 染Water Pollution第四十五篇DNA指纹DNA Fingerprinting

第四十六篇营养不良Malnutrition

第四十七篇治疗AIDS药物的抗药性会很快消失Drug Resistance Fades Quickly in Key Aids Drug

第四十八篇智商和基因IQ-Gene

第四十九篇同性恋生物学家A Gay Biologist

第五十篇一千五百万美国人患有社交焦虑症15 Million Americans Suffer from Social Anxiety Disorder

【2013职称英语】卫生类2013教材完形填空目录及文章word整理

第一篇 Better Control of TB Seen If a Faster Cure Is Found第二篇 Going on a diet（2012新增）（2012年4月真题）第三篇 One Good Reason to Let Smallpox Live第四篇 Diet，Alcohol Linked to Nearly One Third of Cancers第五篇 Men Too May Suffer from Domestic Violence*第六篇 Once-daily Pill Could Simplify fflV Treatment *第七篇 Exercise*第八篇 Old And Active（2012新增）（2012年4月真题）*第九篇 Many Women Who Beat Cancer Don't Change Habits*第十篇 Hospital Mistreatment+ 第十一篇 Migrant Workers+ 第十二篇 Dreams（2012新增）（2012年4月真题）

+ 第十三篇 Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack+ 第十四篇 Homosexuals（2012新增）+ 第十五篇 Is Your Child's Stomach Pain All in His Head（2012新增）

第二篇：完形填空和阅读理解

完形填空

阅读下面短文，从36—55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项.My car and my best friend

For most, getting your first car opens up a new world of freedom and allows you to go wherever you want, whenever you want.Getting a car did1this for me, and it also brought my best friend and me2.But then it tore us apart(分开).My best friend lives three minutes from my3.Since her4is in late summer, seven months behind mine, I basically became her5when I turned 16 in December.And so I6her up for school and took her home.We made ice-cream7, went shopping and to the movies―all in my car.I would drive to her house just to sit on her bed, read magazines and have a good laugh.I went to her house so8that she gave me a key9her house.A week after I got my license（驾照），she was with me10I had my first accident.She was there and11me and we kept it a12, since I didn’t want people to13.From then on, through thick and thin(共患难), it was just me , my car and my best friend.High school is a time of14, but I couldn’t15for a long time16we became so distant（疏远）after being so close.My friend waited three months after her birthday to get her dream car：a green 2004 Beetle.With its17, the passenger seat of my car became18.Our car trips became less frequent(频繁的)19I didn’t even drive down her street.It’s funny how a car can change a relationship so much.I had wanted her to get a car, but once she did, I20it.I wanted her friendship back, even if it couldn’t be the same.1.A.someB.anyC.noneD.all

2.A.closerB.fartherC.luckierD.happier

3.A.neighborB.schoolC.homeD.family

4.A.holidayB.birthdayC.courseD.job

5.A.guideB.followerC.partnerD.driver

6.A.pickedB.wokeC.calledD.hurried

7.A.partiesB.tripsC.plansD.classes

8.A.happilyB.oftenC.hardlyD.seldom

9.A.toB.onC.ofD.for

10.A.while

11.A.savedB.butC.whenD.after B.suggestedC.advisedD.comforted

B.secretC.prideD.joke 12.A.favorite

13.A.helpB.seeC.knowD.laugh

14.A.changeB.disappointment C.friendshipD.excitement

15.A.believeB.answerC.imagineD.understand

16.A.whenB.where

17.A.arrival

C.howD.what C.returnD.beauty 1 B.dream

18.A.brokenB.crowded

20.A.lostB.received

阅读理解 C.emptyC.enjoyedD.different D.beforeD.regretted 19.A.howeverB.untilC.as

(A)

Fifteen people were killed and 38 others injured in a road accident early Wednesday morning in Enshi,Central China's Hubei Province．The bus，travelling from Wanzhou in Southwest China's Chongqing Municipality to Shenzhen in South China's Guangdong Province，had 53 passengers on board, three more than permitted．

At around 1 am on Wednesday，the bus increased speed gradually on a curve（弯路）and plunged more than 30 metres into a valley below.Thirteen people，including one of the two drivers，died at once.Two others died on the way to hospital．

Although the cause of the accident is still unclear，the local police said the driver paid no attention to the official warning signs on the expressway．It hit a section which had been closed as a result of snow.Because of the freezing weather and icy roads，the expressway had been closed by police since Tuesday morning． But the bus drivers took the dangerous route，paying no attention to the warnings．

The rescue team, which included more than 30 medical workers and 120 local villagers，joined together and rushed to the scene at the news of the accident．By 5 am, all of the injured had been sent to three local hospitals for emergency treatment．A hospital source said most of the patients were in a stable（稳定的）condition but a few were still in danger．

According to a 2002 national public opinion poll, traffic accidents ranked as people's third biggest security concern．

1． When the accident took place，＿＿＿＿．

A．the bus was on the way to ShenzhenB．most of the passengers were sound asleep

C．all the passengers were given immediate rescueD．it was snowing hard

2． The expressway was closed to ＿＿＿＿．

A．protect the passengers from being frozenB．make the police have a good rest

C．stop cars traveling aroundD．avoid the happening of traffic accidents

3．The passage is about ＿＿＿＿．

A． how a road accident took placeB． safety measures

C． a terrifying accidentD． the basic rules for safety

(B)

For the first time in Hong Kong's history，an entertainer has been written into middle school textbooks.He is considered one of the best actors in Hong Kong.Yes，he is Chow Yun fat．

The example of his long hard struggle for success has been used in a chapter in a Hong Kong middle school textbook．Using his experience，students can learn to make the most of their time and to grab every opportunity to succeed．

On hearing about this，Chow said happily，“I really hope that my experiences can make young people understand that one should not be afraid of difficulties and setbacks（挫折），for they are the only way to success．”

Indeed，Chow has travelled a long and difficult path to reach his success．In 1955，he was born into a poor family in Hong Kong.When he was 17，he had to leave school．He worked in a number of jobs—as a postman，camera salesman and taxi driver.These experiences paved the way for him to play all kinds of roles later in life．

Chow broke into the film industry in the late 1970s.He was one of the hardest working actors and starred in a number of popular TV dramas and films including “Shanghai Bund”（《上海滩》）and “A Better Tomorrow”． Since 1985，he has won many awards including Taiwan's Golden Horse Awards and Hong Kong Film Awards.In 1995, he went to Hollywood． Although he was already in his 40s, he had to learn English．He even put chopsticks in his mouth to practise pronouncing certain sounds.His film，“Crouching Tiger，Hidden Dragon”，began to gain him more fame and recognition around the world．In 1998，the mayor of Chicago set aside January 12 as “Chow Yun fat Day．”

4．Chow Yun fat has been written into middle school textbooks mainly because________．

A.he plays best in Hong KongB.he keeps on struggling for success

C.his experiences are very specialD.he is well thought of

5．Chow felt_________when he learned that he had been written into middle school textbooks．

A． surprisedB． happyC． sadD． shy

6．What can we infer from the passage？

A． Chow Yun fat is proud of his success．

B． Chow Yun fat is popular both at home and abroad．

C． Chow Yun fat prefers to make a living by selling cameras rather than by performing．

D． Chow Yun fat has won more awards than other actors．

7．The underlined sentence（in Paragraph 6）suggests ＿＿＿＿．

A． chopsticks is of great help to practise English pronunciation

B． Chow Yun fat is willing to struggle with difficulties

C． Chow Yun fat has suffered a lot since he went to Hollywood

D． it is hard for a person who is over 40 years old to learn spoken English

8.The author wrote this passage to ＿＿＿＿．

A.introduce Chow's way to success

B.praise Chow for his excellent performance

C.call on people to learn from Chow

D.show why Chow is popular

III．完形填空

36-40 DACBD41-45 ABBAC46-50DBCAD51-55 CACBD IV． 阅读理解

56-58 ADC59-63 BBBBC

第三篇：2014职称英语卫生类A级完形填空及译文

2014职称英语教材-卫生类A级5篇完形填空及参考译文（红色为书中选项答案）

+11Migrant Workers

In the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another.some newly independent countries have understandably restricted most jobs to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers.This is particularly the case in the Middle East,1increased oil incomes have enabled many countries tooutsiders to improve local facilities.the Middle East has attracted oil-workers from the USA and Europe.It has brought in construction workers and technicians from many countries,South Korea and Japan.In view of the difficult living and working conditions in the Middle East, 2 it is notthat the pay is high to attract suitable workers.Many engineers and technicians can earn at leastmoney in the Middle East as they can in their own country, and this is a major attraction.An allied benefit is the low taxation or complete lack of it.3 This increases the net amount of pay received by visiting workers and is very popular with them.Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating advantage., the difficult living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on each othersafety and comfort., many migrant workers can save large sums of money partlythe lack of entertainment facilities.The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely presents greater challenge to engineers who prefer to find solutionsproblems rather than do routine work in their home country.One major problem whichmigrant workers in the Middle East is that their jobs are temporary ones.They are nearly always on contract, so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence.This is to be expected since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents., migrant workers accept this disadvantage, along with others, because of thefinancial benefits which they receive.+ 12Dreams

Everyone can dream．Indeed, everyone does dream．Those whothat they never dream at all actually dreamas frequently as the rest of us,they may not remember anything about it．Even those of us who are perfectlyof dreaming nightnight very seldom remember those dreams indetail but merely retain an untidy mixture of seemingly unrelated impressions.Dreams are not simply visual-we dream with all our, so that we appear to experience sound, touch, smell, and taste．

One of the world's oldestwritten documents is the Egyptian Book of Dreams．This volume is about five thousand years old, so you canthat dreams were believed to have a

special significance even then．Many ancient civilizations believed that younever ask a sleeping person as, during sleep, the soul had left the body and might not be able to returntime if the sleeper were suddenly.From ancient times to the present,people have beenattempts to interpret dreams and to explain their significance．There are many books available on the subject of dream interpretation．although unfortunately there are almost as many meanings for a particular dreamthere are books．

+13

Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack

German researchers havea new generation of defibrillators and early-warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protectionsudden death from cardiac arrest.In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these casesby disruption to the heart’s rhythm.Those most at risk are patients who havesuffered a heart attack, and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosingdisruption to heart rnythms and correcting them automatically by intervening within seconds.These devicesa range of functions, such as that of pacemaker.Heart specialists at Freiburg’s University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram(ECG)within the body.This integrated system allows early diagnosis ofblood-flow problems and a pending heart attack.It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year.Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that renders of ECG data The overwhelmingof patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs.“Many of the current programs onlyinto account a linear correlation of the data.We are, however, making usea non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system,” Hagen Knaf says, “changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and individual variations in patients taken into account.” An old study of ECG data, based600 patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack, enabled the researchers to compare risks and to showthe new software evaluates the data considerably better.+14YoungAdultsWho ExerciseGetHigherIQScores(新增)

Young adults who are fit have a higher IQ`and are moreto go on to university, reveals a major new study carried out at the Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hopital.The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences(PNAS).The study involved 1.2 million Swedish men doing military service who were

born between 1950 and 1976.The research group analysed theof both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took right after they started serving the army.The study shows a clear linkgood physical fitness and better results for the IQ test.The strongest links are for thinking and verbal comprehension,But it is only fitness that plays a in the results for the IQ test,and not strength,”Being fit means that you also have good heart and lungand that your brain gets plenty of ,” says Michael Nilsson, professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahogrenska University Hospital.”This may be one of the reasonswe can see a clear link with fitness, but not with muscular.We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important.”

By analysing data for twins,the researchers have beento determine that it is primarily environmental facors and not genes that explain the link between fitness and a IQ.“We have also shown that those youngsters whotheir physical fitness between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitive performance,”says Maria Aberg, researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre.”This being the case, physicalis a subject that has an important place in schools,and is an absolute must if we want to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects.”

The researchers have also compared the results from fitness testsnational service with the socio-economic status of the men latter in,Those who were fit at 18 were more likely to go into higher education,and many secured more qualified jobs.+15Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years

A hundred years ago，life expectancy in developed countries was about 47: in the early 21st century, men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74.Women to about 80, and theseare rising all the time.What has broughtthese changes? When we look at the lifeof people l00 years ago, we need to look at the greatestof the time.In the early 20th century, these were the acute and ofteninfectious diseases such as smallpox.Many children died very young from these diseases and others, and the weak and elderly were always at risk.In theworld these diseases are fartoday,90 and in some cases have almost disappeared.A number ofshave led to this: improvements in sanitation and hygiene, the discovery and use of antibiotics, whichbacterial diseases much less dangerous, and vaccinationscommon diseases., people's generalhealth has improved with improvements in our general environment: cleaner air, better means of preserving food，better and warmer housing，and better understanding of nutrition.Genetically，we should all be able to live to about 85 butpeople do live longer today, there are still some big killers around that are preventing US from consistently reaching that age.The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses, such as heart disease and strokes, and thoseby viruses, such as influenza and AIDS l.Of course, cancer is a huge

killer as well.In most cases these diseases affectpeople, but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesitymore heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.The killers today can be classed as “lifestyle diseases”，which means that it may be possible to halt their progress.移民工人

在过去的20年，工人从一个国家到另一个国家的趋势越来越大。一些刚刚独立的国家把大部分工作留给当地人，这一点是可以理解的，而另一些却吸引和欢迎移民工人。中东地区的情况尤为如此。那里增加的石油收入使很多国家能够召集外面的人来改进本地设施。因此中东吸引了来自美国和欧洲的石油工人。它还从包括韩国和日本的许多国家引入了建筑工人和技师。

由于中东地区艰苦的生活和工作条件，吸引合适的工人的费用是很高的，这不足为奇。许多工程师和技师在中东至少可以挣到他们在自己国家两倍的收入，这是最大的吸引力。一个相关的好处是这里的税收低，或者根本就不收税。这增加了来访工人的净收入，而且很受他们欢迎。

有时一个劣势就有一个补偿的优势。例如，艰苦的生活条件常常导致更深的友谊，因为工人们为了安全和舒适必须互相依赖。同样，许多移民工人能够存很多钱，部分原因是因为那里缺少娱乐设施。工作通常是复杂的，而且充满问题，但是这会向那些更愿解决问题而不是在自己国家里做例行工作的工程师们提出更大的挑战。

影响中东的移民工人的一个主要问题是他们的工作是暂时性的。他们几乎都是合同工，所以要让他们很有信心地事前做出计划是很难的。人们希望这样，是因为没有一个国家欢迎大量的外国工人作为永久居民。无论如何，移民工人像接受其他不足一样接受这个不足，因为他们得到的是可观的经济利益。梦之闲话

人人都会做梦，也确实每个人睡觉都做梦。那些声称睡觉从来不做梦的人其实都有做梦，而且做梦的频次与其他人一样，只是他们从来记不住自己做的梦而已。即使是那些能清楚地意识到自己夜复一夜都在做梦的人也很少能够把那些细节都描述得淋漓尽致，能记住的也只是一些看起来毫无关联的印象与场景组成的一团混沌。梦境不仅仅是视觉的，我们做梦的时候会牵动我们的各种器官，所以我们在梦里似乎能够听到声音，能触摸到，还能嗅到气味，甚至尝到味道。

埃及的《梦幻书语》是目前世界上所发现的最早关于梦的文本记载。这本书大概5000年的历史，我们可以发现在那个年代，人们就已经相信梦特有的重要性。在很多古老的文明中，人们都坚信不能惊醒睡梦中的人，因为在睡梦中，人的灵魂都会离开身体，如果别惊醒，灵魂也许就不能及时回到身体里。

从古到今，人们就一直试图解析梦境以及其重要性。目前市面上就有很多关于解梦的书，遗憾的是，对于同一个梦，有多少本书就会有多少种解释。

13科学家探索发现心脏病的方法

德国研究者们发明了新一代的除颤器和旨在为心脏病人提供更多保护，使他们免遭心脏

停止导致的突然死亡的早期预报软件。

仅在德国每年就有10万人死于心脏停止。其中大部分是由于心律中断导致的。危险最大的是那些已经犯过一次心脏病的病人。几年来除颤器被证实在控测心律中止和在几秒中内实施自动干涉以调整心律的诊断中是有用的。这种方法起到了很多作用，例如起博器。

弗莱伯大学诊所的心脏病专家已经在内置除颤器方面取得了突破性成就。这种除颤器可以在体内产生六个频道的心电图。这个综合体系使血液流通总是和即将发生的心脏病可被早些诊断出来。今年它将第一次被植入病人体内。同时，凯瑟劳特的弗劳胡佛实用数学学院的研究者开发了一种新计算机软件。这种软件使心电图数据更加准确。

大部分有风险的患 者不能用内置除颤器，因此必须接受常规的心电图检查。“目前的许多计划只把数据的线形关系考虑在内。但是我们现在使用的是能够将心脏跳动的混乱模工作为一个直观而又复杂的系统提示出来的非线性处理方法”。海根·纳夫说，“这样心脏跳动频率的变化就会受到控制，而病人个人的特征也会得到考虑。”一个基于600位犯心脏病的患者的以前的心电图数据研究使科学家们能够比较两种风险，结果显示新软件明显能更好地处理心电图数据。

14运动的年轻人智商更高(新增)

瑞典哥德堡大学健康校医院的科学研究院和该校校医院的一项最新研究表明，身体健康的年轻人智商更高，进入大学学习的可能性也更高。

研究结果发表在美国国家科学院学报上。这项研究的取样样本是1950-1976年入伍的120万瑞典新兵。这些新兵们报到时接受了体能测试和智能测试，研究员对这两类测试数据进行了分析。

研究表明，健康的体能和优秀的智能测试结果之间的联系和明显的。最突出的就是科学思维和语言理解能力与身体健康有关。但是智商测试结果中只是健康在起作用，而与力量无关。“身体健康是指，一个人心肺功能好，能将充足的氧气源源不断地输入给大脑，”瑞典哥德堡大学健康科学研究院教授和哥德堡大学健康科学研究院校医院首席内科医师迈克尔·尼尔森如说，“也许这就是为什么智商测试结果与健康之间存在明显联系，而与肌肉力量无关的原因之一。我们还发现生长因子也很重要。”

通过研究双胞胎的数据，研究人员可以得出结论，智商差异来自后天的环境因素而不是先天的基因，身体越健康，智商越高。

“我们还发现，在15-18岁之间加强身体锻炼的青少年往往认知能力也较强，”哥德堡大学健康学研究院研究员，ABY健康中心医师玛利亚·啊伯格说，“倘若情况果然如此，那么体院应成为学校中一门重要的学科，而且如果我们想要学好数学和其他理论科学，体育课是非常有必要的。”

研究人员还将新兵服役入伍报到时的体格检查和智商测试的结果与后来他们来生活中的社会经济地位进行了比较。那些18岁是身体健康的人学历更高，很多都能胜任高要求的工作。

15上世界人类平均寿命的变化

一百年前，发达国家的人口平均寿命约为47岁，到21世纪初，美英两国男性平均寿命为74岁，女性约为80岁，人们的平均寿命一直在延长。是什么造成这样的变化呢？在研究100年前人类的寿命时，我们需要注意当时的一些不治之症。早在20世界初期，这些不治

之症经常是像天花之类的急性的高传染病。许多儿童因此夭折（也有其他原因），年迈体弱的人也总面临着他们的威胁。

如今，这些疾病在发达国家已经远不能致命。这一变化归于许多因素，比如：环境及个人卫生的改善、抗生素的发现及使用（抗生素大大降低了细菌病的危险）以及常见疾病预防疫苗的接种。除此之外，更洁净的空气、更好的食物保鲜方法、更舒适温暖的屋子还有对营养的进一步认识，这些总的环境的改善也促进了人们的整体健康。

从基因角度看，人都能活到85岁。但尽管现在人们寿命确实比以前长了，仍然有一些疾病使得我们不能都活到那个岁数。现在困扰人们的是像心脏病、中风那些更为慢性的疾病，还有像流行性感冒和艾滋病那些通过病毒传染的疾病。当然，癌症也是一大杀手。上述疾病大多影响着老年人，但令人担忧的问题在发达国家日趋明显，如：肥胖症产生更多心脏病、糖尿病等其他疾病患者群渐成年轻化。

人们如果把这些疾病归为“生活方式疾病”，这意味着人们生活方式的改善有可能阻止它们的进一步发展。

第四篇：完形填空与阅读理解 87Nov

完形填空与阅读理解 87Nov.23

Once in your school life，you may have kept a diary．But did it ever develop into a（n）continue?

Wang Yi，18，at Yuming High School in Dalian，has kept a diary since her Junior 1 year．Recently，titled Green Apple Is the Subject，．“The teenage ages are the most important 24 of a person’s life．These journals offer me a window for 25 my thoughts and impulses（冲动），” said the Senior 3 student．，．Some passages 29 to small matters，such as how to 30with her friends，teachers，classes and family．Others include of Anderson’s fairytales and historical figures like Wang Zhaojun from 2,000 years ago．

Like many other teenagers，Wang Yi was32 to keep a diary by her teacher．At first，she got 33it because every day was such a routine，．However，she had to finish lots of homework，including a nice flower and bright sunshine．

In Senior 1，college entrance examination．“It．As time went by，38，”she said．

today，with lots of school work as the college entrance examination Wang continues her writing habit． 21．A．wayB．habitC．customD．tendency 22．A．gatheredB．reviewedC．publishedD．pressed 23．A．selectionB．sectionC．contribution

D．direction 24．A．roleB．courseC．setD．period 25．A．rewriting

B．recitingC．regaining

D．rebuilding 26．A．speeding up

B．1ifting upC．building upD．growing up 27．A．titlesB．topicsC．ideasD．talks 28．A．similarB．popularC．ordinaryD．different 29．A．happenB．belongC．relateD．connect 30．A．do

B．deal

C．fight

D．1ive 31．A．pointsB．casesC．opinions

D．chances 32．A．expectedB．supposedC．forcedD．required 33．A．interested inB．tired ofC．good atD．fond of 34．A．struggleB．fail

C．decideD．hesitate 35．A．loveB．1earnC．observeD．find

36．A．realizeB．modernizeC．recognizeD．memorize 37．A．helpsB．doesC．managesD．takes 38．A．languagesB．experiencesC．writingsD．abilities 39．A．Still

B．YetC．Even

D．Since 40．A．drawing

B．going

C．getting

D．coming

There are three kinds of goals：short-term，medium-range and long-term goals．Short-range goals are those that usually deal with present activities，which we can apply on a daily basis．Such goals can be achieved in a week or less，or two weeks，or possibly months．It should be remembered that just as a building is as strong as its foundation，our long—term goals cannot amount to very much without the achievement of solid short-term goals．Upon completing our short-term goals，we should date the occasion and then add new short-range goals that will build on those that have been completed．

The intermediate goals build on the foundation of the short-range goals．They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school，or they could even extend for several years．Any time you move a step at a time，you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or defeated．As you complete each step，you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow and succeed．And as your list of completion dates grow，your motivation（动机）and desire will increase．

Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future．They might cover five years or more．Life is not a static（静止的）thing．We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action． 45．Our long-term goals mean a lot．

A．if we complete our short-range goals B．if we cannot reach solid short-term goals C．if we write down the dates D．if we put forward some plans

46．New short-term goals are built upon．A．two years

B．1ong-term goals

C．present activities

D．the goals that have been completed

47．When we complete each step of our goals，．A．we will win final successB．we are defeated

C．we will build up confidence of SuccessD．we have a strong desire for setting new goals

48．It is implied but NOT stated in the passage that．A．those who have long-term goals will succeedB．writing down the dates may discourage youC．the goal is a guide for us to reach our aimD．everyone should have a goal

第五篇：2018年职称英语试卷结构 - 卫生类完形填空

一、考试时间： 2小时

二、试卷结构及上课思路：

共计65道客观题组成。总分：100分.第一部分：词汇选项——15题15分；

（请大家带字典，每次课花15m)第二部分：阅读判断——7题7分；(讲解一。重点）

第三部分：概括大意与完成句子——8题8分；(讲解二。重点）

第四部分：阅读理解——15题45分；(讲解三。重点）

第五部分：补全短文——5题10分；

（不作重点，最后讲，花一节课时间）

第六部分：完形填空——15题15分(讲解四。重点）。

其中，最重点和最容易拿到分数的有3个题型：

1、词汇选项（职称英语考试允许带一本纸质词典）；

2、阅读理解职称英语考试一般规律三篇阅读理解文章其中有1篇可能来自于国家指定教材；（2018年真题中，综合类;真题中与课本完全一样的为第38篇why so many children? 课文与5个题目及备选答案连顺序都一样。

理工类;真题中与课本完全一样的为第43篇 forecasting methods,课文与阅读内容一样，但出题的题目及备选答案有变化，不与课本完全一致。

卫生类：

真题中与课本完全一样的为第45篇 DNA Fingerpring,课文与阅读内容一样，但出题的题目及备选答案有变化，不与课本完全一致。

3、完形填空题目可能来自于国家指定教材。（2018年真题中，综合类;真题中与课本一样的为第14篇family history。理工类;真题中与课本一样的为第13篇 better solar engery system:more heat,more bright。

卫生类：

真题中与课本一样的为第13篇 scientists develop ways of detecting heart attack。

三、考场查词技巧

1、对于词汇选项题，建议查词时最好从B)和C)答案查起，在A)、B)、C)、D)四个选项的情况下，往往B)和C)正确的几率较大。如2013年答案答案：1——15

adbda，caccb，cadbb。相比而言，b和c出现了四次。A和d出现了三次。因此我们建议在做词汇选项题时，遇到生词最好从B)和C)答案查起。这样如果能从B）或C）中找到答案可大大节省时间。

2、重点查阅单词的常用解释

我们都知道一个单词有时会有好几个意思。在这里我们告诉大家职称英语考试中一般都考察该词语的前三个义项为主。剩下的很多解释一般不会考察。

3、在确定了正确答案之后，不必为验证答案而将其他选项单词全部查一遍，以免浪费做题时间。

4、所查词汇要抓住重点，要学习根据上下文意思去理解，切记挨个去查。

5、四个备选答案都不懂的，先放在一块，选做完其他的再到回来查。

四、考试出题思路

（一）词汇选项(15分)

只从考试用书中出2~3个小题，其余都是从书外出

（二）阅读判断(7分)

此部分不从书中出题，因此不要硬背书中内容。短文后有七个句子，需要判断是A正确、B错误，还是C没有提到。

先不要看短文，要先快速浏览(短文后的)七个小题，先画出“信息词更加明显的题。按”信息词“快速回到短文，找到对应位置再加以判断。

（三）概括大意与完成句子(8分)

分为两部分，(1)概括大意：此部分不从书中出题，因此不要硬背书中内容。从短文后的方框中A—F六项里选出一项来概括所要求的段落。

先看A—F六项后概括所要求的段落，重点盯住段落的第一句或第二句，或最后一句。

(2)完成句子：此部分也不从书中出题，因此也不要硬背书中的内容。从短文后的方框中A—F六项里选出一项来接准5—8小题的尾部来完成句子。(a)先看5-8题的结尾部分，根据要求来选A—F的选项。(b)按照上(5-8题)与下(A—F选项)相通相顺来选。(c)将5-8题回归到原文中理解后，再选A—F项。

（四）阅读理解(三篇短文，每篇15分，共45分)

(1)从指定用书中出一篇，此分数一定要拿到。从书外出两篇，难度低于书中短文。从指定用书中出的一篇，注意：新增教材

(2)从书外出的两篇，要采取“查读法”来作，即：先看短文后的五个问题，画出“信息词”，快速按“信息词”找到位置再按要求作题。

（五）补全短文(10分)P222为例

此部分不从书中出题，因此不要硬背书中内容。短文中有五条线，也就是缺少五个句子。短文后有A—F六个选项，从中选出适合填补到短文中五条线上的选项。注意技巧，确保2个对4分，争取3个对6分。

（六）完形填空(15分)

从书中(15篇中)出一篇。注意+号的那几篇。特别注意空白处的“左”和“右”。剩下几天，注意背诵现有空格出的固定短语等。另外，注意先掌握+号的那几篇的中文意思。（以2018年真题为例）

“______”代表原来课本的空格，“()”代表真题的位置，总之，考试真题的空格会向前移动或向后移动。

卫生类完型填空

第十三篇 Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack 【科学家探索发现心脏病的方法】

German researchers have __ 1 __ a new generation of defibrillators and early-warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater(51)__ 2 __ sudden death from cardiac arrest.In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually(52)a result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases __ 3 __ by disruption to the heart’s rhythm.Those most at(53)are patients who have __ 4 __ suffered a heart attack, and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in(54)__ 5 __ disruption to heart rhythms and correcting them automatically by intervening within seconds.These devices __ 6__(55)a range of functions, such as that of pacemaker.Heart specialists at Freiburg’s University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator __ 7 __(56)of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram(ECG.within the body.This integrated system allows(57)diagnosis of __ 8__ blood-flow problems and a pending heart attack.It will be implanted in(58)for the first time this year.Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that(59)of ECG data __ 9 __.The overwhelming __ 10 __ of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this(60)undergo regular ECGs.“Many of the current programs only __ 11__(61)into account a linear correlation of the data.We are, however, making use __ 12__ a non-linear process(62)reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system,” Hagen Knaf says, “__ 13 __ changes in the heart(63)over time can be monitored and individual variations in patients taken into account.” An old study of ECG data, based __ 14__ 600 patients who had(64)a subsequent heart attack, enabled the researchers to compare risks and to show __ 15 __ the new software evaluates the(65)considerably better.科学家探索发现心脏病的方法

德国研究者们发明了新一代的除颤器和旨在为心脏病人提供更多保护，使他们免遭心脏停止导致的突然死亡的早期预报软件。仅在德国每年就有10万人死于心脏停止。其中大部分是由于心律中断导致的。危险最大的是那些已经犯过一次心脏病的病人。几年来除颤器被证实在控测心律中止和在几秒中内实施自动干涉以调整心律的诊断中是有用的。这种方法起到了很多作用，例如起博器。

弗莱伯大学诊所的心脏病专家已经在内置除颤器方面取得了突破性成就。这种除颤器可以在体内产生六个频道的心电图。这个综合体系使血液流通总是和即将发生的心脏病可被早些诊断出来。今年它将第一次被植入病人体内。同时，凯瑟劳特的弗劳胡佛实用数学学院的研究者开发了一种新计算机软件。这种软件使心电图数据更加准确。

大部分有风险的患 者不能用内置除颤器，因此必须接受常规的心电图检查。“目前的许多计划只把数据的线形关系考虑在内。但是我们现在使用的是能够将心脏跳动的混乱模工作为一个直观而又复杂的系统提示出来的非线性处理方法”。海根•纳夫说，“这样心脏跳动频率的变化就会受到控制，而病人个人的特征也会得到考虑。”一个基于600位犯心脏病的患者的以前的心电图数据研究使科学家们能够比较两种风险，结果显示新软件明显能更好地处理心电图数据。

练习：

1.A come up B come up with C come up to D come up against 2.A to B for C with D from 3.A are caused B caused C are to cause D have been causing 4.A easily B readily C frequently D already 5.A disease-producing B health-improving C life-threatening error-correcting 6.A take in B take after C take on D take from 7.A capable B able C skillful D skilled 8.A chronic B acute C recurrent D persistent 9.A precisely B more precisely C precision D more precise 10.A maximum B minimum C majority D minority 11.A get B take C bring D fetch 12.A of B with C for D in 13.A Similarly B In this manner C Otherwise D In this way 14.A in B for C upon D with 15.A what B where C that D when

科学家探索发现心脏病的方法

D 德国研究者们发明了新一代的除颤器和旨在为心脏病人提供更多保护，使他们免遭心脏停止导致的突然死亡的早期预报软件。仅在德国每年就有10万人死于心脏停止。其中大部分是由于心律中断导致的。危险最大的是那些已经犯过一次心脏病的病人。几年来除颤器被证实在控测心律中止和在几秒中内实施自动干涉以调整心律的诊断中是有用的。这种方法起到了很多作用，例如起博器。

弗莱伯大学诊所的心脏病专家已经在内置除颤器方面取得了突破性成就。这种除颤器可以在体内产生六个频道的心电图。这个综合体系使血液流通总是和即将发生的心脏病可被早些诊断出来。今年它将第一次被植入病人体内。同时，凯瑟劳特的弗劳胡佛实用数学学院的研究者开发了一种新计算机软件。这种软件使心电图数据更加准确。

大部分有风险的患 者不能用内置除颤器，因此必须接受常规的心电图检查。“目前的许多计划只把数据的线形关系考虑在内。但是我们现在使用的是能够将心脏跳动的混乱模工作为一个直观而又复杂的系统提示出来的非线性处理方法”。海根•纳夫说，“这样心脏跳动频率的变化就会受到控制，而病人个人的特征也会得到考虑。”一个基于600位犯心脏病的患者的以前的心电图数据研究使科学家们能够比较两种风险，结果显示新软件明显能更好地处理心电图数据。