初中英语阅读理解和完形填空解题技巧及练习

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第一篇:初中英语阅读理解和完形填空解题技巧及练习

一. 初中英语阅读理解的解题技巧

阅读理解也是中考英语题的必考题目之一,本题型旨在考查学生阅读,理解的能力,几年来,中考英语题中的阅读理解材料新,题材丰富,考查学生综合推断能力,根据语篇猜单词意思的能力的力度加大,也考查学生关注细节的能力。所以学生往往要么没能正确理解语篇中某些句子的意思,在细节题上丢分,要么就是对语篇的整体把握不够,在综合题或者推断题方面丢分。那么到底怎么做好阅读理解这一题型呢?我将从以下三个方面谈论这个问题:

一、解题思路

(一)先读问题,弄清考查要点,以便能带着问题看文章,这样会心中有数,有的放矢。在读题的时候划出题目的关键词。

(二)快速浏览全文,掌握全貌,注意发现与问题有关的信息,如果时间紧,至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想,这样全文大意便清楚了。此时,不要忙于答题。

(三)细读原文,捕捉相关信息词,掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键,应特别注意以下几点: 1. 抓住四个“W”和一个“H”,就是边读边用铅笔做些标记,把What(事件),When(时间),Where(地点),Why(原因),How(经过)划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”,就抓住了文章的全貌,一些直接性的问题便可解决。

2.抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果,让步,递进,转折,指代,列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次,辨明各种关系,了解人物心理,推断作者意图,进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点,都具有举足轻重的作用。3. 注意领会文章的寓意。

4.根据题意,初选答案。这一步须仔细审题,领会测试要求,确定解题方法。对那些明显的,有把握的题可以断然确定,不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间:有些略难的题,应再查阅短文(不是重读一遍),迅速找出依据,予以排除。常用的解题方法有如下几种:

① 直接解题法。即从原文中直接找出答案。

② 归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。

③ 综合推理法。读者需统观全文,认真分析,综合推理及至计算,最后归纳出正确答案。

题干中有“suggest,conclude, conclusion, probably,reason, because, according to“等字眼时,属于推断概括型,考查内容着眼于全篇,考生应具备一定的分析归纳,推理等逻辑思维能力。

④ 捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词,近义词,反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。

⑤ 同意转换法。即原文这么说,而在问题和所选项中则用另外的词去转换一种说法,但仍表示同一含义。

⑥ 排除法。根据语言,句法结构,信息词和常识,在没有把握的选项中用排除法得出正确答案。

四、重读原文,仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后,如果时间允许,再将原文读一遍;用全文的主题思想统率各思考题,研究其内在联系和逻辑关系,目的在于对所做答案进一步审查,推出未解答的题,以便减少失误。

二.阅读理解题型及解题技巧

从近几年的中考阅读理解情况看,短文体裁多样,题材各异,文章涉及科学知识、社会文化、政治历史、人文环境和日常生活等方面,充分体现其时代性、实用性。短文难度逐年加大。常见题型有主旨题、细节题、推断题、猜测词义题和正误判断题。

做阅读理解练习应先看问题,弄清考点。在阅读短文之前,快速浏览问题,以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数,快速、准确地捕捉所要信息。先易后难。做题时不必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序,应遵循先易后难的原则。如可先做细节题再做推断题,因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案,而推断题则需对短文进行深层理解,再作判断。

(一)主旨题

此类题型用以考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。其中一类题型为主旨问题。

1、主旨大意题题干常见的问句形式

1)主旨句设问类型What is the main idea of this passage?What does the passage maily talk about?We can conclude / learn from the passage that ……

2)最佳标题选择类型The best title for this passage is ……

3)作者主旨意图类型What does the writer want to tell us?Which can express the purpose of the writer according to the passage?

2、主旨大意题的解题方法

主旨大意题一定要注意文章的首尾两段。如果首尾两段的主旨表达是一致的,那么文章的主旨便是两段重复表明的语句内容表达。找出选项中与归纳的主旨表达重复最多的选项即为最佳答案。如果首尾两段的主旨表达不一致,则需要观察文章的段落篇幅量是倾向于首段或是尾段,从而确定主旨段落。在此过程中,观察篇幅量只需跳读文章段落的首句尾句即可,无需细读段落内容,以节省时间。如果文章只有一段,则注意文章的首两句及尾句,然后用以上的方法确定主旨句。

此外,标题选择即为主旨句的压缩表达,注意抓住主旨句进行主要词汇的提炼,把一个句子提炼为几个关键词,即是对主旨大意进行概括归纳的标题。而作者意图表达必须通过归纳中心主题才能找到,通常体现为advise,convince,present,purpose,warn等。

(二)细节题

1、细节事实题题干常见的问句形式

1)True or NOT true 是非判断类型Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? Which of the following statements is NOT true? Which of the following is NOT considered as……? According to the passage,which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the reasons for……? 2)特殊疑问词提问类型

How many……?What/who/when/where/how/why……?

3)排序题类型Which of the orders is correct according to the passage?

4)例证题类型The author gives the example in……paragraph in order to ……

5)表唯一细节概念题类型:……the most / ~est …………the only ……

2、细节事实题的解题方法:

做这类题的一般方法是先要找出题干或是选项中的关键字,一般为数字、大写或人名地名,再通过scanning快速确定该细节在文中的出处(信息源),仔细对照题干要求,排除或选择。命题者在出这类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的手法来迷惑考生,即对原句细微处做改动,截取原文词语或结构进行改造,因果倒置,把A的观点说成B的观点等。所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是关键。细节事实题还要十分注意句子的非主干成分,如定语、状语、补语等,这些成分都是出题者常进行误导的落脚点。

是非判断一般都遵循对照选项进行“三对一错或三错一对”的判断。若该信息句是长句或难句,要学会找出其主干部分,分析句子结构,正确理解信息句的意义。一定要注意的是,要所答是所问,不要受到惯势思维的影响,习惯性地去选择正确的细节事实,切记要弄清问题,不要所答非所问。

例证题一定要注意以for example……,such as……等关键入手处,找出细节出处。排序题要先仔细观察选项,找出首尾相同的选项分组,进而通过具体细节信息比较进行排除和选择。唯一细节题一定要仔细审题,弄清题干所需。特别需要提醒的是,选项中出现有most(最高级)、the only(唯一)、all(所有)、none(全否)修饰的细节,都具有绝对性,选择判断时要慎选。

(三)推断题

此类题的关键是要注意原文出现的语句不是我们做出的推理判断,而是原文给出的细节信息,所以原文语句不能选。判断时对已知的事实仔细评价后做出的合理决定并非唯一决定,要对事实进行合乎情理的判断,有时还需借助常识进行判断。

推理判断题分两种,即对细节的推理和对主旨的推理。主要以We can infer / imply / learn from this passage that ……等进行提问。解决此类题要注意,一是与原文相同的细节不能选,二是文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断。解题过程中只要注意上述两点,再结合做细节和主旨的方法,即可以做出推理判断题。

(四)猜测词义题

猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义能力。一般情况下,推断词义的题目中所出现的单词,大多数是学生未曾见过的生词,学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索。通过阅读上下文,断定该词的真正含义,然后将这个释义代入文中,检查是否贴切,仔细比较直到得出该词的确切的含义。

1.通过因果关系猜词

通过因果关系猜词,首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系,然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词(如because,as,since,for,so,thus,as a result,of course,therefore等等)表示前因后果。例如:

You shouldn't have blamed him for that,for it wasn't his fault.通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错),可猜出blame的词义是”责备“。

2.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词

通过同义词猜词,一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组,如happy and gay,即使我们不认识gay这个词,也可以知道它是愉快的意思;二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词,如Man has known something about the planets Venus,Mars,and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均为生词,但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于”行星“这一义域。通过反义词猜词,一是看表转折关系的连词或副词,如but,while,however等;二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语,如:He is so homely,not at all as handsome as his brother.根据not at all...handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思,即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。

3.通过构词法猜词

在阅读文章时,我们总会遇上一些新词汇,有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意,而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用,此时,如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识,这些问题便不难解决了。

4.通过定义或释义关系来推测词义

例如:But sometimes,no rain falls for a long,long time.Then there is a dry period,or drought.从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨,于是便有一段干旱的时期,即drought,由此可见drought意思为”久旱“,”旱灾“。而a dry period和drought是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由is,or,that is,in other words,be called或破折号等来表示。

5.通过句法功能来推测词义

例如:Bananas,oranges,pineapples,coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生词,我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples,coconuts和bananas,oranges是同类关系,同属fruit类,因此它们是两样水果,准确地说,是菠萝和椰子。

6.通过描述猜词

描述即作者为帮助读者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。例如:The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole.It is fat and walks in a funny way.Although it cannot fly,it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。

A

With miles of beaches,sea and sunshine,Pattaya(芭堤雅)is one of the most popular places for visitors to Thailand.It provides many kinds of entertainment for both young people and the whole family.There is always something to do,any time,any weather,any day or night.

Orchid(兰化)Farms are a worthwhile visit and if you are thinking of taking some of these beautiful plants home,visit a day or two before you leave to make sure that you will have live plants when you get back.You can also get great orchids in a sealed(密封)bottle that will last as long as your memory.

Pattaya Elephant Village is another place that you can not miss in Pattaya.It is a good place to learn and understand how elephants have been linked into Thai life and history over the centuries.You can also take an elephant trek there.Show time allows the elephants to display their skills,such as playing football.

You can also feed a tiger at the Sriracha Tiger Zoo(斯里拉差龙虎园).There you will learn more about tigers.You can take photos with them.You can also enjoy elephant and crocodile shows at the zoo.

根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。

()1.What is Pattaya famous for in Thailand?

A.Beaches.

B.Sea.

C.Sunshine.

D.All of the above.

()2.Whenever you go to Pattaya,it can provide many kinds of entertainment for ________.

A.both young people and the whole family

B.both old people and the whole family

C.both young people and kids

D.both parents and kids

()3.Where can you get beautiful orchids in Thailand?

A.Beaches.

B.Pattaya Elephant Village.

C.Orchid Farms.

D.The Sriracha Tiger Zoo.

()4.Which animal do you see at the Sriracha Tiger Zoo?

A.Foxes. B.Elephants. C.Lions. D.Monkeys.

()5.The passage mainly tells us ________.

A.Pattaya is one of the most popular places for visitors to Thailand

B.you must buy some beautiful orchids in Thailand

C.Pattaya Elephant Village is the only place that you can not miss in Pattaya D.if you visit Thailand,you must visit the Sriracha Tiger Zoo

B

When my family moved to America in 2010 from a small village in Guangdong, China, we brought not only our luggage, but also our village rules, customs and culture.One of the rules is that young people should always respect(尊敬)elders.Unluckily, this rule led to my very first embarrassment in the United States.I had a part-time job as a waiter in a Chinese restaurant.One time, when I was serving food to a middle-aged couple, the wife asked me how the food could be served so quickly.I told her that I had made sure they got their food quickly because I always respect the elderly.As soon as I said that, her face showed great displeasure.My manager, who happened to hear what I said, took me aside and gave me a long lecture about how sensitive(敏感)Americans are and how they dislike the description “old”.I then walked back to the table and apologized to the wife.After the couple heard my reason, they understood that the problem was caused by cultural differences, so they laughed and were no longer angry.In my village in China, people are proud of being old.Not so many people live to be seventy or eighty, and people who reach such an age have the most knowledge and experience.Young people always respect older people because they know they can learn from their rich experience.However, in the United States, people think “growing old” is a problem since “old” shows that a person is going to retire or that the body is not working well.Here many people try to keep themselves away from growing old by doing exercises or jogging, and women put on makeup, hoping to look young.When I told the couple in the restaurant that I respect the elderly, they got angry because this caused them to feel they had failed to stay young.I had told them something they didn’t want to hear.After that, I changed the way I had been with older people.It is not that I don’t respect them any more;I still respect them, but now I don’t show my feelings through words.By Jack 根据以上短文内容,然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。1.Jack brought the couple their food very fast because _______.A.the manager asked him to do so B.he respected the elderly C.the couple wanted him to do so D.he wanted more pay 2.When Jack called the couple “elderly”, they became _______.A.nervous B.satisfied C.unhappy D.excited 3.In Jack’s hometown, _______.A.people dislike being called “old”

B.people are proud of being old C.many people reach the age of seventy or eighty D.the elderly are the first to get food in restaurants 4.After this experience, Jack _______.A.lost his job in the restaurant

B.made friends with the couple C.no longer respected the elderly

D.changed his way with older people 5.Which of the following is TRUE? A.The more Jack explained, the angrier the couple got.B.Jack wanted to show his feelings through words after his experience.C.The manager went back to the table and apologized to the couple.D.From this experience, Jack learned more about American culture.C

Jean is a bright young woman who comes from a rich and famous family.She goes to a good university and has everything that money can buy.Well, almost everything.The problem is that the people in Jean’s family are so busy that they can hardly find time to be with her.In fact, Jean is quite lonely.So Jean spends a lot of time on her QQ.She likes being anonymous(匿名), talking to people who do not know about her famous family and her rich life.She uses the name Linda on QQ and has made a lot of friends who she keeps in touch with quite often.Last year Jean made a very special friend on QQ.His name was David and lived in San Francisco.David was full of stories and jokes.He and Jean had a common(共同的)interest in rock music and modern dance.So it always took them hours to talk happily on QQ and sometimes they even forgot their time.Of course, they wanted to know more about each other.David sent a picture of himself: He was a tall, good-looking young man with a big, happy smile.As time went by, they became good friends and often sent cards and small things to each other.When Jean’s father told her that he was going on a business trip to San Francisco, she asked him to let her go with him so that she could give David a surprise for his birthday.She would take him the latest DVD of their favorite rock singer.But when she knocked on David’s door in San Francisco, she found that her special friend was a twelve-year-old boy named Jim!根据以上短文内容,然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。1.Jean spends a lot of her time on QQ because she is _______.A.rich

B.famous

C.young

D.lonely 2.Jean thought “David” was special because he _______.A.made her quite happy on QQ B.was from San Francisco C.sent her a picture of himself D.was tall and good-looking 3.When Jean and “David” met and introduced themselves to each other, who felt surprised? A.“David”.B.Both “David” and Jean.C.Jean.D.Neither “David” nor Jean.4.What’s the main idea of the passage?

A.Don’t believe those you get to know on QQ so easily.B.People don’t use their real names on QQ so often.C.Don’t go to meet those you get to know on QQ.D.People should tell their real names to others on QQ.D

Linda Evans was my best friend—like the sister I never had.We did everything together: piano lessons, movies, swimming, horseback riding.When I was 13, my family moved away.Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special time—like my wedding(婚礼)and Linda’s.Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often.One day a card that I sent came back, stamped “Address(地址)Unknown.” I had no idea how to find Linda.Over the years, I missed Linda very much.I wanted to share(分享)happiness of my children and then grandchildren.And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died.There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was Wagman — Linda’s married name.“There must be thousands of Wagmans,” I thought, but J still wrote to her.She called as soon as she got my letter.“Mrs Tobin!” she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother.”

Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on each other’s lives.Now the empty place in my heart is filled.And there’s one thing that Linda and I know for sure: We won’t lose each other again!根据以上短文内容,然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。1.The writer went to piano lessons with Linda Evans _______.A.at the age of 13

B.before she got married C.after they moved to new homes

D.before the writer’s family moved away 2.They didn’t often write to each other because they _______.A.got married

B.had little time to do so C.didn’t like writing letters

D.could see each other on special time

3.There was an empty place in the writer’s heart because she _______.A.was in trouble

B.didn’t know Linda’s address C.received the card that she sent D.didn’t have a friend like Linda to share her happiness or sadness 4.The writer was happy when she _______.A.read the newspaper

B.heard Linda’s voice on the phone C.met a young woman who looked a lot like Linda D.wrote to the woman whose last name was Wagman 5.They haven’t kept in touch _______.A.for about 40 years

B.for about 27 years C.since they got married

D.since the writer’s family moved away

二.初中英语完形填空解题技巧

考点分析: 完型填空一直是考试必考题型,而且在整卷中占相当大的分值,如果该部分失分严重,会影响学生英语最终成绩.因此,学生必须熟练掌握完型填空做题技巧,同时通过一定量专题练习,提高做题的正确率.注:学生该部分失分特别严重,所以必须加大该部分的练习.一.完型填空最常用的四种解题法:

1.总体把握:要通读完形填空的短文,跳过空格快速阅读,了解全篇的主要内容。切不可把宝贵的时间浪费在个别字句推敲上。

2.弄清体裁:文章体裁通常分为四种:论述文、记叙文、说明文和应用文。中考选文以叙事性文章为主,如:幽默故事、科普知识、童话、简短新闻、名人轶事、社会热点问题等。读这类文章,要大体上了解故事所涉及的时间、地点、人物、事件及前因后果。

3.重视主题句:完形填空所用的短文一般不给标题,但短文的主题句,往往在每段文章的首句,有时也出现在文章的中间或结束处。主题句提供全篇的性质、大意等,这是深入了解全文的“窗口”,甚至能以语句为立足点,从该句的时态、语气推测全文的主要内容。

4.语境联想:利用上下文的提示,用学过的知识和已有的生活经验,扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍。

二、几种解题技巧: 1.词语搭配

(1)从语法角度来说,句子不是词的序列,而是词组的序列。(2)因搭配关系而产生的一般性词汇。如:see a film(3)词序和意义皆以固定的复合词和动词短语。如:push ahead with(奋力前行)。(4)因词组而构成的常见的句式:It feels+形容词+不定式,在搭配判断时,注意:要区别外形相近而意义不同的搭配。如:look for, look over, look out, look after, look up等。要区别形不相似而意义相近的搭配。如:I paid 12 pounds for the dictionary.The book cost me a lot.It took three men to lift the box.句中都有“付出、花费、需要”的意思。译成汉语时似乎相通。但更要注意它们之间的搭配变化;要注意单个词组的多义性。如:take off有“脱下(衣服),(飞机)起飞,匆匆离开,取下,休假等多种含意。2.语法判定

(1)要注意出现频率较高的词类题,依次为动词、介词、代词、连词、形容词、副词。选择各类词时,要注意以下几个方面:

a.名词的选择 b.动词的选用c.选择介词d.选择代词e.选择连词f.选择形容词和副词

(2)要注意句法题,搞清句子的种类、类型、省略和倒装

a.句子的种类包括陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。一般以考查疑问句、感叹句的词序为多见,其次是祈使句的零时态等。

b.句子的类型有简单句、并列句、复合句和并列复合句。

c.句子的省略与倒装很少考查,却要看懂,不能引起对文章的曲解。(3)在语法适用方面,可以用择优法和排除法

a.择优法是把各选项代入短文中,选出在词义上符合要求,且在语法上又没有语病的答案。

b.排除法是在代入选项时如发现选项单词意义不对,或词与词搭配不妥,或存在语法错误,或与上下文有矛盾,则迅速排除不合适的选项,剩下的就是正确答案。

3.例举对比。

在完形填空的多项选择中,常常会遇到难以选择的题目。需要调动头脑里的知识“储备”,例举熟知的语言现象与之相比较,再做出明智的选择。三、一般的解题过程是:

1.通读全文,掌握大意。结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内容。2.瞻前顾后,分析先行。3.反复推敲,攻克难关。如果做不出来的话,可能要改变一下思路。

4.验证答案,修正错误,着重注意这几点:(1)文章是否顺畅;(2)所填单词是否是最佳单词;(3)所填单词是否有拼写错误。

四、对应练习:

1.When Billy came to class one morning, he noticed that something was different.Mrs.Green was not in her 51_____ place.She was standing in the middle of the classroom, and 52______ was hiding behind her.”Class,“ she said.”This is Fritz from 53____.Please say hello to him.“ The class were in silence.Mrs.Green said again, ”Say hello to our new friend.“ But still, 54 _____said a word.” All right, then.“ said Mrs.Green.”Billy, please 55______ Fritz to his new desk beside yours.“ ”Hi, Fritz,“ said Billy.”Please come with me.“ But Fritz would 56_____.He was holding on to 57_____.He said something, 58_____ nobody could understand.Some of the boys started to laugh.Billy felt 59 _____for him.Then, Billy said something no one else could un derstand 60 ____ Fritz.Fritz smiled and shook Billy's hands(握手').”Wow!“ everyone was surprised.Billy was proud.He said ”I said,“ Hello' in German.I heard it once on TV.”()1.A.only

B.usual

C.good

D.comfortable()2.A.a new teacher

B.a new girl C.a new boy

D.Billy()3.A.England

B.America C.France

D.Germany()4.A.no one

B.Billy

C.a student

D.Fritz()5.A.ask

B.carry

C.put

D.take()6.A.come

B.not move C.not say

D.speak()7.A.another student's book

B.Billy's hand C.Mrs.Green's skirt

D.the teacher's desk()8.A.but

B.so

C.because

D.still()9.A.happy

B.excited

C.afraid

D.sorry()10.A.with

B.except

C..of

D.about 2.Man has a big brain.He can think, learn and speak.Scientists always say that men are different from animals 1._____ they can think and learn.They know now that animals can also learn.So scientists are beginning to understand that men are different from animals because they can speak.Animals can not speak.They make noises when they are afraid or unhappy.Apes(无尾猿)can understand some things 2._____ quickly than men, and one or two have learned 3._____ words.But they are still different from us.They can not join words and make sentences.They can not think 4._____ us because they have 5._____ language.They can never think about the past or the future.Language is a wonderful thing.Man has 6._____ build a modern world because he has language.7._____child can speak his own language very well when he was four or five.8._______no animals learn to speak.9._____ do children learn? Scientists do not know.10._____happens inside our body when we speak? They only know that man can speak because he has a brain.()1.A.after

B.if

C.before

D.because()2.A little B.much C.more D.less()3.A.few

B.a few C.little

D.a little()4.A.as

B.about

C.like

D.over()5.A.not

B.a

C.no

D.some()6.A.to able to B.be able to C.able to

D.been able to()7.A.Each

B.Every

C.One

D.All()8.A.or

B.so

C.and

D.but()9.A.How

B.What C.Why

D.Which()10.A.Where

B.When

C.What

D.How 3.Mr.Lee had never been up in an airplane before and he had read a lot about accidents.SO one day when a friend came to his house and 1.____ to take him for a ride in his own small plane , Mr.Lee was very 2._____.He thought to himself , “If I don't agree ,my friend may not be happy.3_____ if I agree ,I'm really afraid that there might he some danger.” 4.___,however , his friend made him believe that it was very 5.____,and Mr.Lee got on the plane.His friend 6._____ the engine and the plane began to move along on the ground of the 7._____.Mr.Lee was frightened and closed his eyes.After a minute or two he opened them 8.____, looked out of the window of the plane and said to his friend.“ Look 9____those people down over there.They look as 10____as ants, don't they?” “Those are ants ,”answered his friend, “we are still on the ground.”()1.A.offered

B.allowed

C.agreed

D.afford()2.A.excited

B.grateful

C.worried

D.glad()3.A.As

B.For

C.So

D.But()4.A.Finally

B.First

C.Last

D.But()5.A.interesting

B.safe

C.comfortable

D.enjoyable()6.A.began

B.carried

C.moved

D.started()7.A.airport

B.town

C.station

D.yard()8.A.again

B.once

C.quickly

D.easily()9.A.up

B.at

C.over

D.after()10.A.short

B.big

C.strange

D.small

4.When I had something difficult to do,I used to ask my mother for help.But she always said, “Do it yourself,dear.” I was not 1.____ at all.I thought she was the 2.____ mother in the world!For example,one day,I decided to 3.____ some friends to my home.My bedroom was not in order.Books were everywhere.And I didn't make the bed.I asked my 4.____ to help me clean it,5.____ she still said,“Do it yourself,girl.”

Because of my “lazy mother”,I have to 6._____ my clothes and clean my room.I have to help my parents 7.____ I even have to go to the dentist by myself.It is really hard for me to do everything well,but I have learned 8.____.

As time goes by,I understand my mother.She makes me clever and diligent(勤奋的)9.____ a great mother!A 10.____ mother is worth(等值于)one hundred teachers!Don't you think so? 1.A.old

B.glad

C.thin 2.A.tallest

B.most foolish

C.laziest  3.A.leave

B.invite

C.visit 4.A.mother

B.father

C.brother 5.A.or

B.when

C.but 6.A.wash

B.lead

C.knock 7.A.do housework

B.go swimming

C.go camping  8.A.on show

B.by mistake

C.a lot 9.A.Which

B.What

C.Who 10.A.young

B.good

C.happy

第二篇:初中英语阅读理解解题技巧

如何应对中考英语阅读理解题

阅读理解题是中考英语的测试重点,也是中考英语试题中卷面分值最高的一种题型,在各地中考试卷中约占30%的比例。一般设三篇短文,试题采用“根据所给阅读材料判断正误”或“选择最佳答案回答问题”两种形式。纵观近年来全国各地中考阅读题,其体裁多样,有记叙文、议论文、说明文、应用文(信函、请柬、通知、便条、表格、图表、广告、图示和标志等);所选材料内容广泛,涉及文化、环境、科普、社会、政治、经济、历史等众多领域。文章的体裁富于变化,可谓题材宽泛,形式多种多样。其特点是:时气息浓,可读性强,理解难度较高。

阅读理解题对学生提出了较高的能力要求,主要是考查学生通过阅读获取信息、分析信息和处理信息的能力,既要抓住文章的主旨,又要抓住细节;既要理解具体事实,又要理解抽象概念;既要理解文章字面意思,又要挖掘作者意图,揣摩隐藏在字里行间的内涵既要理解全篇的逻辑关系又要理解某些细节的意思,并且在读

懂句子和文章的基础上,将所读文章进行判断、分析和推理。概括的说就是这类题注重考查阅读技能,包括理

解短文大意、了解具体细节、通过上下文猜测词义、归纳篇章大意,以及推断或理解作者的态度和意图等。考

生不仅要具有准确获得信息的能力,还要具有透过文章表层意思理解文章隐含意义的能力。这样才能抓住中心

思想,作出正确的判断。试题涉及掌握语篇主旨,事实细节、深层含义、推理判断、猜测词义等多方面的阅读

能力考查。设题通常考虑以下四个方面。

1.直观性问题。直接引用原文中的语句或根据短文中原语句稍加改动而编成。

2.常识性问题。考查学生依据短文信息,并根据自己所具备的一般常识作出判断的题型.

3.理解性问题。考查学生对文章的中心思想,某段的段落大意,某一事实的细节及作者意图等的理解程

度。

4.推理性问题。这类题需在深刻理解短文后,再经过推理判断才能选出正确答案。

阅读是一个复杂的心理过程,语言学家古德曼(Groodman)认为,阅读就是读者通过其心理和语言活动理

解来接受作者的思想和观点。如果学生能读懂一篇文章,则表明作者写作时的思维过程与该生在阅读时的思维

活动趋于吻合,这就是说学生的阅读理解必须实于原文,不可脱离文章凭空想象。

对学生进行阅读技巧训练还应该从文体角度来训练,因为一篇文章的设题是受其文体限制的。下面我们

分析几个不同体裁文章的特点,供大家参考。

第三篇:浅谈初中英语完形填空_

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浅谈初中英语完形填空

点击数:80时间:2009-12-21作者:徐戎戎

英语测试是英语教学的一个重要组成部分,它可以用来了解、检查和鉴定学习者掌握英语的实际水平。而一年一度的中考,更是如此,它不仅可以评定学生的学习成绩,了解学生掌握英语的实际水平,更是考核、选拔各类人才的一种重要手段和方法。近几年来,由于中考试卷是两考(毕业考和升学考)合一,既要让大部分考生通过考试,又要让部分优秀学生脱颖而出,试题中肯定会出现一些稍难和较难的题目,运用完形填空、阅读理解可考察学生阅读能力、综合分析能力和运用语言知识的实际能力。另外,从每年中考试卷抽样调查显示,完形填空和阅读理解是学生得分率最低的,为什么会出现这种情况呢?下面就完形填空这一块谈谈本人的一些见解。

一、学生阅读水平,理解能力差

“完形填空”题不同于“单项选择填空”题,它所给的是一篇意思完整的短文,在短文中删去若干词,让学生根据上下文填入适当的词。为了有助于学生答题,它

提供了四个答案(其中包括一个正确答案),让学生挑选出正确的一个,因此完形填空首先是阅读理解。学生们在做完形填空题时,必须先通读短文,了解其大意后方可动笔。但有一大部分学生在未看懂文章,未了解全文的意思,便急于动笔。为什么会这样呢?一部分学生是因为碰到生词,认为这篇文章很难,没信心看下去,便乱做一通;一部分学生单词都认识,而这些单词组成一篇文章,他们就看不懂;还有一些学生未能正确地把握好表现文章内容的关键词或中心句,不知文章所云或把文章意思看反了,归根到底是学生阅读水平,理解能力差。

如①:Do you really know the __1__ meaning of “white elephant”?Many years __2__ the kings of Siam often gave white elephantsto __3__ they didn’t like.White elephants were so sacred andthey could not __4__ work.They could not be killed __5__

given up.__6__ a person had a white elephant, he __7__ to pay__8__ money to keep it.__9__ a certain time, he became verypoor.Now people in England still __10__ a useless thing awhite elephant.C 1.A.hid B.hide C.hidden D.hiding

C 2.A.before B.front C.ago D.ahead

A 3.A.people B.person C.human D.peoples

D 4.A.made B.made to C.be made D.be made to

B 5.A.so B.or C.and D.but

B 6.A.Because B.If C.Whether D.For

D 7.A.would B.could C.Should D.had

D 8.A.many B.Several C.plenty D.lots of

C 9.A.Later B.Behind C.After D.Back

D 10.A.say B.tell C.speak D.call

如果学生看不懂这篇文章,或对这篇文章一知半解,就很难正确完成此题。作为一名中学教师,在平时应注重培养学生的阅读能力,尤其是在英语阅读教学上,不要一味地以语法为主,一味追求字、词、句和结构的精讲,使原本完整的语篇显得支离破碎。应侧重于文章句子与句子之间,段落与段落之间的层次关系以及段落之间的思维逻辑方面与语言形式方面的内在联系,课外要让学生多读一些阅读材料。每个学生可根据自己的兴趣选择阅读材料,教师也可以订一些适合学生课外阅读的英语丛书供学生选读。另外,为了培养学生良好的阅读习惯,教师可以告诉学生,文章中所出现的生词,学生可根据上下文进行“猜词”或查阅词典。通过大量阅读,不仅使学生获取信息,吸取丰富的语言知识,扩大词汇量,还可提高学生阅读速度,培养学生的思维能力,分析能力和理解能力,有效地提高运用语言的能力。

二、学生对词法,句法和句型等语法知识掌握不好

完形填空要求学生运用自己学过的词汇和语法知识,处理好每个单句,并且还要处理好单句之间与全文之间的内在关系,一般情况下,“完形填空”题要求学生填入的词主要有:构成各种时态、语态和用法区别的动词及短语动词;名词和介词;根据上下文意思及结构必须填入的形容词、副词、代词和连词;同义词、近义词等易混词。考查以实词为主,兼顾虚词和语法结构,有些学生平时基础知识不够扎实,对这些语法知识掌握又不好,也造成了完形填空得分率低。

如②:

A little dog lived near the river.One morning the little dog__1__his beautiful clothes and went for a walk by the river.__2__ his way he met a little fox.1.A.wear B.had C.dressed D.put on

2.A.on B.by C.in D.at

第一题所给的四个选项是一组同义词,都可以表示“穿”,但它们在用法上有所不同。wear和have

on都可接“衣物”作宾语,意为“穿着”表示状态,put

on也可接“衣物”作宾语,意为“穿上”,表示动作,而dress的宾语只能是人,而不能是衣物,根据以上分析,再结合原句的意思,可以确定正确答案为D,如果学生没有掌握好这四个同义词的用法及它们之间的区别,就很难做对。

第二题是一习惯用语,表示“在去„„的路上”英语中有“on one’s way to„„”而by、at、in

都不能用在该短评中,故应选A项。因此平时,我们在教学过程中,对词语的固定搭配,语言的习惯表达,句型结构等都应重视。

三、学生综合分析能力和运用语言知识的实践能力比较差

完形填空不但要考查学生对词法、句法和句型等语法知识而且还要考查学生的分析能力、逻辑推断能力,语言知识的综合运用能力,有时,把一个词填在某个独立的句子中,可能是通顺的。但从文章角度看,填入这个词,便可能与文章的主题大相径庭了。因此,学生在做题时,要善于发现和利用文中的信息句,善于从字里行间中寻求启示。虽然在做完形填空题时,很多词与词,句与句之间都是有一定语法关系和固定词语的搭配而联系在一起的,但有些还得根据上下文的语意来选择与前后句有联系的名词、介词、动词、形容词或副词等。

例如③:

Mr.Brown began to walk at 8 in the morning.Now the sun wasabout to set.He was tired and hungry.He was walking slowlytowards the ____ and his shadow(影子)lay long behind him.Hehad to look for a place for a place for the night.A.east B.west C.south D.north

此题所给的选项的四个表示方向的名词,均可和前面的介词“towards”搭配,很难判断哪一个正确答案。因此只有运用逻辑推理的方法才能判断该答案。根据上文的“太阳就要落山了”判断此时应为下午,太阳是在西方。再根据下文的“他的影子长长地拖在后面。”可以推出,此时布朗先生正朝西方慢慢地走着,故选B。因此,我们在要求学生多归纳常用句型,熟记习惯用语和固定搭配,掌握词法句型的同时,还应注意培养学生的逻辑思维能力和综合运用语言的能力。

下面以宁波市2000年初中毕业,升学考试英语的完形填空来实例分析一下。

I had been in London for three years.During the time I wasstaying there, my strong wish was to go back home __1__

staying in the city I didn’t know very well.__2__when the day came for my leaving, I had a strange feelingand my mind was __3__ many beautiful things in London: thetall trees around my house, the clean streets, the schoollibrary ,the old church near the school and so on.I was forthe first time not sure whether I really wished to go.I wasbecoming good at spoken English and interested in the

different way of living in London.Most important of all , Ididn’t want to go.I didn’t want to __4__ my friends who werenear and dear to me during the three long years.I __5__ likerunning into the headteacher’s office and telling him that Ireally didn’t want to go home, but on the second __6__ Istopped myself changing the plan.My parents are quite __7__and I might have no __8__ to see them again if I gave up thisplan.At the airport, most of my teachers and friends came to __9__and quite a few gave me presents.Many group photos were takenand before long the final moment came.Everyone shook handswith me and said __10__ to me.Their eyes were filled withtears and I knew they were __11__ at the time.1.A.instead of B.while C.before D.for

2.A.So B.And C.But D.Or

3.A.interested in B.thought of

C.pleased with D.full of

4.A.join B.make C.leave D.find out

5.A.seemed B.felt C.looked D.became

6.A.time B.mind C.feeling D.thought

7.A.old B.strong C.well D.lonely

8.A.excuse B.time C.way D.money

9.A.bring me in B.get me back

C.see me off D.send me back

10.A.yes B.hello C.good night D.goodbye

11.A.sad B.happy C.worried D.terrible

这篇完形填空通过对词法、句法、语义、上下文连贯、逻辑推理等方面,多角度的考查来检查学生对语篇的理解能力和综合运用语言的能力。

首先通读全文,了解文章的大致意思,从文章的开头就可知道作者在伦敦呆了三年,非常想要回家乡,原来不喜欢呆在伦敦这座城市,而要离开的时候,却有点舍不得了。了解了文章的大意后,便可逐题解答。

1.该题在2000年中考考试中得分率为0.65,既考查学生对词法的掌握情况,又考查学生的分析能力。该题所给的四个选项均可和后面的动名词staying搭配,很难判断哪个正确,只有通过上下文意思才可判断出,根据上文during

the time I was staying there,my strong wish was to go back

home和下文的staying in the city I didn’t know very well可看出作者在伦敦期间,他的强烈愿望是要回家,而不愿呆在伦敦,故该题答案为 A instead of。

2.该题中考得分率为0.8,主要考查学生对上下文的理解能力。四个选项均为连词,但从下文When the day came for my leaving, I had a strong

feeling和I was for the first time not sure whether I reallywished to go与前文my strong wish was to go back home形成反差,故选C but

表转折。

3.该题中考得分率为0.8,主要考查学生对词语的固定搭配掌握情况。作者脑子里充满了伦敦的景象。full of 充满、装满,答案为D。

4.该题中考得分率为0.75,主要考查学生对该文上下文连贯,理解能力。

根据上文Most important of all,I didn’t want to go。

可看出作者不仅对伦敦这座城市依依不舍,对他的朋友也依依不舍,不想离开他们故答案为C leave。

5.该题中考得分率为0.75,主要考查学生对词语用法掌握情况,想要干某事:feel like+doing sth,答案为B。

6.该题是中考得分率最低的,仅为0.1,主要也是考查学生对词语用法的掌握情况,该题所出现的mind,feeling和thought意思相近,mind有头脑、愿望、心情等意思,feeing有感觉,感情等意思,而thought有思想、想法等意思。根据前文作者:想跑进校长办公室告诉他不想回家,而又通过“but”来反映作者的另一想法,故答案为D

thought。

7.该题得分率也较低,为0.45,主要考查学生的分析能力和推断能力。四个选项均可用在be动词之后,很难得出结论。

根据下文I might have no time to see them again if I gave up thisplan,可判断作者的父母年纪大了,如果放弃现在这个机会,作者恐怕以后没有时间,也没有机会再见到他们了,故答案为A old。

8.该题中考得分率为0.8,主要也是考查学生对该文上下文理解能力。根据上文可看出作者没有时间看望自己的父母,故答案为B time。

9.该题得分率也较低,为0.45,主要考查学生对词义的掌握情况。在飞机场,有许多教师和朋友来送行,答案为C see me off 送行。

10.该题得分率较高为0.9,朋友们来飞机场送行互相告别,答案为D good bye。

11.该题得分离为0.75,根据上文their eyes were filled with tears可判断我的这些朋友们非常难过,答案为A sad。

新颁中学英语教学大纲明确规定;中学英语教学的目的是对学生进行听、说、读、写的基本训练,培养学生在口头和书面上初步运用英语的能力,侧重培养阅读能力,为进一步学习和运用英语切实打好基础,而我们学生在做完形填空所暴露出的种种问题,正好说明了学生在运用语言的能力较差,也正好说明了我们教师在平时教学过程中所

存在的问题。因此,我们在以后的教学过程中应多注意我们的教学方法,除了加强对学生语言基础知识和语言基本技巧教学外,还要注重学生言语基本技能和学习能力的培养。

上一条浅谈初中英语教学中的分层递进教学(上)下一条谈学生朗读能力的培养

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第四篇:完形填空和阅读理解的方法和练习

国培培训总结与心得体会 国培培训总结

今年我参加了“国培”,学到了很多原来不知道的知识,一边工作,一边学习,着实很辛苦。经过三个月的鏖战,终于在这个极端寒冷的日子里将你送走,临走的的那一幕,我突然间的觉得有些依依不舍。希望我们还有再见的机会!

我把本次国培培训作为一件重要的大事来对待。每天都坚持上网学习、写作业、发表评论,也可在网上直接聆听专家讲座,讨论交流,互动效果好。

通过这次培训,我提高了认识,理清了思路,以生为本,求真务实,学生自主选择、自主研读,采用自主、合作、探究方式,致力于学生素养的形成与发展,把课堂真正还给学生,创建真正育人乐园。本次参加的“国培计划”的远程培训让我学到了很多知识,尤在课堂观察方面学到了方法。感谢“国培”培训,让我通过培训,收获不少相信在以后的工作中我会用上这些好的思想和方法,我真心感谢本次培训。

国培让我成长

参加了“国培计划”中西部农村中小学教师远程培训,感觉收获颇多!国培——教师成长的阶梯。培训学习多位专家的视频讲座,他们先进的教育理念,不但提高了我们教师的教育理论和专业知识,而且让我们学习新的教学理念,感谢国培,让我们在培训中成长起来。其实,培训是一个反思进步的过程。培训学习是短暂的,但是给我的记忆和思考却是永恒的,他使我提高了认识,理清了思路,学到了新的教学理念,找到了自身的差距和不足。这次培训让我受益匪浅,感谢“国培”为我们提供这么难得的学习机会,促使我在教育生涯的轨道上大步前进!

这段时间,我对自己的教育工作想得比较多,跟以前自己的工作做纵向比较,跟同行们做横向比较,发现自己从中又获取了很多有价值的东西,丰富了自己的教学经验,相信这些知识能提升自己教育工作的质量,能帮助我更好地服务于我的学生。我从教的是农村小学,虽然才几年的教书经验和责任感让我对工作不敢懈怠,但我却少有成就感。

学习期间,专家的精彩讲座,使得我有机会与专家们进行面对面,零距离的交流,首先是一个善于自我更新知识的学习者。教师的知识更新包含了两个层面的内容,一是打破,二是重建。即打破传统的、陈旧的甚至是落后的教育理念、理论和教学的方式、方法,建立起一整套全新的、科学的、先进的、合乎时代潮流的教育思想体系。

通过这次培训,我提高了认识,理清了思路,以生为本,求真务实,学生自主选择、自主研读,采用自主、合作、探究方式,致力于学生素养的形成与发展,把课堂真正还给学生,创建真正育人乐园。

通过培训我找到了自身的不足之处,对于今后如何更好地提升自我必将起到巨大的推动作用。实践必须与理论相结合,就像老师说的“只顾低头拉车,不进行理论学习”是不行的。“国培计划”像一缕春风,荡涤着我们的心灵,像一股清泉,注入了新的活力。我将以此为契机,让“差距”成为自身发展的源动力,不断梳理与反思自我,促使自己不断成长。在教中学,在教中研,在教和研中走出自己的一路风彩,求得师生的共同发展,求得教学质量的稳步提升。

通过培训学习,我的确转变了学习观念,深感学习的重要性,只有通过培训才会促进自己的专业知识和理论水平的提升。认识上和学习的自觉性上发生了改变,本次网络培训中的视频和全国各地的老师交流互动,很大程度上体现了网络培训的魅力所在,这种形式从参与的程度上可以看出受到广大老师的认可。

虽然培训即将结束了,但思考没有结束,行动更是没有结束。我将带着收获、带着感悟、带着信念、带着满腔热情,在今后的教学中,继续学习教育教学理论知识,不断反思自己的教学行为,让自己在教学实践中获得成长,使自己的教学水平和教学能力更上一个台阶。

第五篇:高一英语完形填空解题技巧

做完形填空试题,切忌边看短文,边选答案,因为这样解题易脱离上下文孤立地看句子,从而产生错误,下面给大家分享一些关于高一英语完形填空解题技巧,希望对大家有所帮助。

高一英语完形填空解题技巧

1.充分利用首句信息

完形填空题首句往往不设空,往往是全文的关键句,或者称为主导句,要充分利用完形填空题首句的提示作用,利用它为解题找到一个突破口,从而展开思维。

2.多角度的逻辑推理

完形填空题的解题过程首先是一个阅读的过程,必须把握作者的思路,通过联想、推测等方法,多换角度去思考问题,使自己的思维模式与作者的思维模式相吻合。

3.从上下文寻找线索

通读全文,理顺大意,根据上下文找出信息词是做好完形填空题的关键。近年高考试题逐渐摈弃单纯的语言分析考查,而越来越侧重逻辑推理判断。就空格而言,体现了以实词为主、虚词为辅的特点,而且几乎不暴露明显的语言错误,词语在特定的语境中所表达的陷含信息大都无法只凭字面或单从个别句子甚至若干句子的表面理解获知。因此,只有借助于上下文乃至全文语境的启示或限定才能够准确作出判断。

4.利用语法分析解题

对语法、词法等基础知识的考查也是完形填空题的命题角度之一。对于这种题,要针对地对语法结构、句式特点、对短文中所设空格中需填的词在句子里作什么成份、哪类词适合、应采取什么形式等等进行必要的分析思考,从而迅速解决问题。比如,选用动词就要考虑各种时态、语态、语气、主谓搭配以及其如何与其他词类使用等一系列问题。

5.利用文化背景和生活常识解题

做题时,若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识,注意中西方文化方面存在的差异,将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程,节省宝贵的时间,顺理成章地选出正确的答案。

6.习惯用法和词语辨析

对词汇知识的考查主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两个方面。习惯用法是英语中某些固定的结构形态,不能随意变动。而在众多的习语当中,介词往往扮演最活跃的角色,其次是副词。词义辨析题的比重有加大的趋势,多为常用词、词组。

7.语篇标志的利用

语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语,如:表示结果层次的语篇标志firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally等;表示逻辑关系的有thus,therefore,so等;表示改变话题的有bytheway等;表示时间关系的有before,sofar,yet,now,later等。如果能充分利用这些语篇标志语,就可以迅速理清文章的脉络,弄清上下文的关系。

完形填空四句话口决:

把握全文明主线;

固定搭配记心间;

原词再现莫错过;

上下求索是关键。

高一英语完形填空技巧四步法

首先,把短文从头到尾快速阅读一至两遍,从整体上感知全文,掌握大意。跳过空格不看选项地快速阅读,同时注意文中的暗示,努力找出关键词。如果是故事性文章,那么时间、地点、人物等就是关键词;抓住了关键词就抓住了故事的线索,进而理解全文,此时选择就不会是胡猜乱填。可见,通读全文进而掌握大意是做好完形填空的先决条件。

其次,在通读全文时,应着重注意首尾句对文章的主题的提示,同时还要注意短文中由反复出现的主题词编织而成的信息网,联系自己已有的与主题思想相关的常识,判断文章的背景,体会作者的意图,从宏观上把握全文。需要特别注意的是,在第一遍通览全文时,千万不要看一句填一空。

考例 I played a racquet ball game against my cousin Ed last week.It was oneof the most 36 and tiring games I’ve ever had…(全国卷)

A.encouraging  B.hopeless  C.surprising  D.regular

解析:理解短文首句可知,该首句开门见山地给考生交代了作者所讲述的一件事。而分析 36空所在句的句意及选项可知,它强调的是整个事情的结果,考生无法根据首句作出判断,只有当考生读到短文的最后一句When the game finallyended, both of us were lying flat on our backs, too tired to move.In a way, Ithink we both won: I won the game, but cousin Ed my respect.才能判定,这次比赛结果是作者意想不到的,而且这是一场十分令人疲惫的比赛。这篇文章是一篇倒叙的记叙文,考生只有在通览全文后,才能做出第 36 题。答案为C。

瞻前顾后,先易后难

瞻前顾后即前后观察,对空格前后句子深入分析,确定空格在句中的意思。如果是语法问题,不仅要考虑时态、语态,还要考虑整个词法、句法。如果是语义问题,要从上下文分析,依据短文自身完整的语言环境进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。先易后难就是首先选出那些只根据上下文就能直接确定的、明显的答案,诸如固定词组、常见句型等。集中精力解决难度较大的题。瞻前顾后,不要忘记首尾照应,首句之重要大家已注意,同时不要忽视尾句的画龙点晴的作用。另外要牢记文章的中心思想,把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解,文章最前面的空格很有可能要到文章的末尾才能找到答案。

如何答好高一英语完型填空试题

(1)通读全文,理解大意文章都有中心议题和中心内容。通读全文,才能全局在胸,理清思路。抓住文章的主线,展开解题思路,可使思维朝着正确的方向发展。在阅读中要特别注意提示句,并尽量记忆关键词、句,力求把文章内容串连起来。

(2)边读边想,初选试填遵循词不离句、句不离文的原则,用平时积累的英语语法和语言知识及根据文中语义、逻辑和搭配的需要推测选项。在选择的过程中要先易后难;对少数难题,可暂定答案,在复读全文后分析推敲。

(3)瞻前顾后,寻觅启示获得信息的来源有以下几个方面:首句提供的信息;通读全文获得的信息;已补充完整的句子提供的信息;后文提供的信息;平时积累的日常常识和背景知识提供的信息。对上述信息全面考虑,寻找启示,选择选项。

(4)重读全文,校核答案重读信息完整的文章,进一步加深对文章的理解。根据文章的中心思想与各段落之间、前句与后句之间的内在逻辑关系,检查文章的整体性,也可以从语法、惯用法和固定搭配等方面进一步验证所选答案,修改不合理部分。

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