第一篇:毕业论文注释及参考文献格式4
附录
2四川大学外国语学院本科毕业论文注释及参考文献格式要求
一.注释格式
为统一格式起见,本院外语专业学生毕业论文的注释采用尾注和夹注,不采用脚注。凡是对论文中某一单词、词组、引文、或某一说法进行补充性说明的,采用尾注(即下文第1条所说的End-notes)的方式,但在论文里英文统一采用Notes一词(见附录1);凡是在论文中使用直接引语或间接引语的,一律采用文中夹注的方式(见下文第2条)。
1.尾注(End-notes)
在正文需注释处的右上方按顺序加注数码①②③„„,在论文的正文之后写注文,每条注文加对应数码,回行时与上一行注文对齐。加注数码与数码对齐。
2.夹注(In-text Citations)
某些引文和/或所依据的文献无需详细注释者,以夹注的形式随文在括弧内注明。
1)来自专著的直接引语,作者姓名在文中已经出现
格式:出版年份:页码
例如:
Rees said,“As key aspects of learning are not stable,but changeable,this opens the way for the role of the teacher as the pre-eminent mediator in the process”(1986:241).
2格式:作者姓名 出版年份:页码。
例如:
“我们所懂得的只是实体存在的片段,可以肯定地说,一切具有重大意义的理论至多只能是部分地真实,但这不应作为放弃理论研究的借口”(Chomsky 1979:48)。
“One reason perhaps is that the Chinese audience are more familiar with and receptiveto Western culture than the average English readers is to Chinese culture”(Fung 1995:71).
3)如果引述的内容为大段原文(超过四行),所引原文左边双倍缩进(即10个字符),右边与上下文对齐。引文一般用冒号引出,引文不加引号(注意例句末句号与括号的位置)。例如:
He is aware of the politics of his choice and that English is not the natural medium for his social novel.He describes his process of creation thus:
I found, while writing spontaneously, that I was always translating
dialogue from the original Punjabi into English.The way in which my
mother said something in the dialect of central Punjabi could not have been
expressed in any other way except in an almost literal translation, which
might carry over the sound and the sense of the original speech.I also
found, that I was dreaming or thinking or brooding over two-thirds of the
prose narrative in Punjabi, or n Hindustani and only one-third in the
English language.This happened usually while I was writing stories and
novels.(Anand 1979:36)
4)来自某篇文章的直接引语,作者姓名在文中没有出现
格式:作者姓名(英文只注姓)、出版年月
例如:
“Everything rests on the notion that there is such a thing as‘just’words—but there isn’t.”(Baston 1972)
格式:出版年份:引文页码
例如:
According to Alun Rees(1986:234),the writers focus on the unique contribution that each individual learner brings to the learning situation.6格式:作者姓名、出版年份;引文页码
例如:
It may be true that in the appreciation of medieval art the attitude of the observer is of primary importance.(see Robertson 1987:136)
注:如所述观点可直接从原文找到,用(c.f.: Robertson 1987:136)
7)提到某人的观点(没有提到姓名)
格式:作者姓名,发表年份
例如:
This point has been argued before.(Frye 1998)
A number of studies do not find texts with long series of Terms which derive from a single semantic field.(Thompson 1985;Francis 1989/1990)
8)互联网资料
格式:编号(自设)
例如:
“A deconstructive reading is a reading which analyses the specificity of a text’s critical difference from itself.”(Net.2)
注:Net.2.“征引文献”中的编号,是为了便于注明文内引语的出处。参考第二部分《参考文献》中的第4点“互联网资料”。
二.参考文献格式(Bibliography)
外语专业学生毕业论文中的外文参考文献和中文参考文献分别归类排列,外文的排在前,中文的排在后。英文的参考文献按作者姓名的英文字母顺序排列,无明显作者的英文参考文献(如某些词典、辞书、百科全书)则按书名的英文字母顺序排列。中文的参考文献按作者姓名的拼音字母顺序排列,无明显作者的中文参考文献按书名拼音字母顺序排列。参考文献在第一行写不完的,第二行缩进5个字符。注意标点与空格。
1.著作类(Books)
格式:作者的姓名,书名,出版地,出版单位和出版年份。
Format: Author’s last name, given name, Title.Place of publication: publisher, year of publication.1)独立作者
Fairbanks, Carol.Prairie Women: Images in American and Canadian Fiction.New Haven: Yale
University Press, 1986.2)同一作者两本以上的参考书
Fairbank, John K.China Perceived: Images and Policies in Chinese-American Relations.New
York: Alfred A.Knopf, 1974.______ China Watch.Cambridge & London: Harvard University Press, 1987.3)同一作者两本以上同年出版的参考书
Newmark, Peter A.Approaches to Translation.London: Prentice Hall International Ltd., 1998a.______ Textbook of Translation.London: Prentice Hall International Ltd., 1998b.4)同一本书有两作者
Grayling, A.C.& Whitfield, Susan.China: A Literary Companion.London: John Murray, 1994.5)同一本书有三位作者以上者
Edens, Walter.et al.Teaching Shakespeare.Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1977.6)书的主编
Hall, David.ed.The Oxford Book of American Literary Anecdotes.New York: Oxford University
Press, 1981.7)机构作者A Book by a Corporate Author
American Library Association.Intellectual Freedom Manual(2nd ed).Chicago: ALA, 1983.高等学校外语学刊研究会.外国语言研究论文索引(1990-1994).上海:上海外语教育出版
社,1996。
8)无作者署名的书
Encyclopedia of Photography.New York: Crown, 1984.现代汉语词典.北京:商务印书馆,1992。
9)一书多册
Blotner, Johnson.Faulkner: A Biography(2 vols.).New York: Random, 1974
张道真,现代英语用法词典(5册).上海:上海译文出版社,1993。
10)翻译著作
Arkush, R.David & Lee, Leo O.trans.& eds.Land without Ghost: Chinese impressions of
America from the Mid-Nineteenth Century to the Present.Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989.赵元任.中国话的文法.丁邦新译.香港:香港中文大学出版社,1968。
11)政府文件
National Institute of Mental Health.Television and Behavior: Ten Years of Scientific Progress and
Implications for the Eighties.(DHHS Publication No.ADM 82-1995).Washington, DC: U.S.Government Printing Office, 1982.《中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法》。香港:三联书店有限公司,1991。
12)学位论文
Conceison, Claire A.Significant Other: Representations of the American in Contemporary Chinese
Spoken Drama.Cornell University, May 2000
2.文章类
格式:作者姓名,篇名,刊名,刊物的卷号和期号,年份,文章的起止页码。
Format: Author’s last name, given name.Article title.Journal title, Volume number(Issre/Issue number), year: page number.1)期刊文章Periodical Articles
Bolinger, D.“The Atomization of Meaning”, Language 41(1965): 555-573.Fulwiler, T.“How Well Does Writing across Teaching Work?” College English 46(1984): 13-25.Prakash, Gyan.“Orientalism Now”, History and Theory 34(3)(1995): 199-212.陈渊.国外英语教材初探.《外国语》第1期,1979:66-68。
吕叔湘、饶长溶.试论非谓形容词,《中国语文》第2期,1981:81-85。
2)论文集的文章An Article in an Anthology or the Published Proceedings of a Conference
Peters, M.& Stephen, T.B.“Interaction Routines as Cultural Influences upon Language
Acquisition” In Schieffelin, B.B.& Ochs, E.eds.Language Socialization Across Cultures.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986: 80-96.3)报纸署名文章A Signed Article in a Daily Newspaper
Darst, James.“Environmentalists Want Hotels, Concessions Removed from US Parks”, Boston
Globe, May 25, 1988:17.吴天.外来语与我国文化的冲突.《牛城日报》10月23日,2000:B5。
4)工具书署名文章A Signed Article in a Reference Book
Tobias, R.& Thurber, J.Encyclopedia Americana.1987 ed.南文.联合国的口述录音翻译。《中国翻译词典》1997年版。
5)工具书非署名文章An Unsigned Article in a Reference Book
Tharp, Twyla.Who’s Who of American Women.15th ed.1987-88.6)社论An Editorial
Young, Gifted, Black----and Inspired.Editorial.Washington Post, May 18, 1988:20.大力加强金融系统思想政治工作——庆祝中国共产党诞生79周年。《金融时报》7月1日社
论,2000:1。
3.非文字材料Non-print
1)电脑软件Computer Software
格式:制作人姓名、软件名称(说明是电脑软件)、版本,年份。
Format:Computer programmer’s last name, given name.Title(Computer software).Model number, year.Rosenberg, Victor, et al.Pro-Cite.Vers.1.3.(Computer software).IBM PCDOC 2.0, 256KB, disk,1987.2)电影、电视、广播、幻灯、录像、录音、艺术品Films, TV and Radio Programs, Slides, Videotapes, Audiotapes and Art Works
格式:片名(或节目名),导演姓名,出品地(或播出台和播出地),年份(或播出日期)。Format:Name of film.Director’s last name, given name.Place of production, year(or date of showing).The Last Emperor(Film).Bertolucci, Bernardo(Director).With J.Lone & P.O’Toole.Columbia,1987.If God Ever Listened: A Portrait of Alice Walker.Horizons(Radio program).Rosenthal, Jane
(Producer).NPR.WBST, Muncie.3 Mar.1984.Too Smart for Strangers(Videotapes).Brandt, F.(Producer)& Messina, P.E.(Director).Burbank,CA: Walt Disney Home Video, 1985.《我的父亲母亲》(电影),张艺谋(导演)。北京,1998。
3)CD-ROM或磁碟
“Yokel.” Oxford English Dictionary.2nd ed.CD-ROM.Oxford: Oxford UP, 1992.4.互联网资料Internet information
格式:编号,篇名,引用日期,网址,Net.1: Deconstruction, July 30, 2000
Net.2: Jacques Derrida, August 1, 2000
Net.3: Feminism, Ideology.And Deconstruction: a Pragmatist View.August 1, 2000
注:《四川大学外国语学院本科毕业论文注释及参考文献格式要求》的完稿,是在外语学院英文系原有《格式要求》的基础上,参考了MLA、《外语教学与研究》的格式和中山大学外国语学院张美芳编写的《格式要求》。谨在此一并致谢。
第二篇:英语本科毕业论文注释、文献与致谢样本
四川大学本科毕业论文
《喜福会》中的中国文化背景分析
Notes
(1)The three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son and husband guides wife.The five constant virtues: benevolence, righteousness, propriety, knowledge and sincerity.(2)Lao Tzu: The founder of Taoism.Born in the State of Zhou in the Spring and Autumn Period, he worked for some time in the Zhou government.He was searching for a way that would avoid the constant feudal warfare and other conflicts that disrupted society during his lifetime.The result was his book: Tao-te-Ching, which contains about 5,000 words on dao and de, or the way and its functions.Others believe that he was a mythical character.(3)John King Fairbank: A Francis Lee Higginson Professor of History at Harvard University and director of the East Asian Research Centre at Harvard.(4)Wuxing and Fengshui: Wuxing or the Five Elements are: Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, and Water.They are the grounding theory for yin-yang balance.The Five Element theory views the Universe and its functioning as being cyclical and interactive.Accordingly, all of the “ten thousand things” within it are interdependent.Fengshui, or geomantic omen, is closely related to Wuxing.The Fengshui theory holds that the location of a house or tomb has an influence on the fortune of a family.Taoists believe good Fengshui could keep the yin-yang balance and could bring fortune.四川大学本科毕业论文
《喜福会》中的中国文化背景分析
Bibliography
Chang, K.C.Food in Chinese Culture: Anthropological and Historical Perspectives, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1977.Ebrey, Patricia B.Chinese Civilization A Sourcebook.New York: The Free Press, 1993.____ The Cambridge Illustrated History of China.London: Cambridge University Press, 1996.Eng, Kuan Khun.“The Changing Moral Economy of Ancestor Worship in a Chinese Emigrant District.” Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 23(1999): 99-132 Fairbank, John.K & Goldman, Merle.China: A New History.London: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1998.Niu, Weihua & Sternberg, Robert J.“Societal and School Influences on Student Creativity: the Case of China.” Psychology in the School 40(1)2003: 103-114 Tan, Amy.The Joy Luck Club.New York:Ballantine Books,1990.
Tuan, Nien-Tsu & Ryan, Tom.“Is the Wind, or the Flag, Moving? An Oriental Perspective on the Complex Problem.” System Research and Behavioral Science 19(2002): 271-279 Wang, Huarong.“The Bridge of Cultural Understanding in The Joy Luck Club”, Journal of Honghe University 2(2004): 40-43.Wang, Qi & Li, Jin.“Chinese Children’s Self-concepts in the Domains of Learning and Social Relations.” Psychology in the School 40(1)(2003): 85-101.Zhu, Zhichang.“Confucianism in Action: Recent Developments in Oriental Systems Methodology.” System Research and Behavioral Science 15(1998): 111-130.陈爱敏.当代美国华裔文学的文化关照.文史哲, 2003(4): 116-120.何立群, 吴金平.风水对小说《喜福会》创作的影响.八桂侨刊, 2002(4): 50-52 何立群.五行理论与《喜福会》的成功.暨南学报(哲学社会科学版),2005(3): 74-77 胡勇.文化的乡愁—美国华裔文学的文化认同.北京:中国戏剧出版社,2003. 胡勇.论美国华裔文学中国神话与民间传说的利用.外国文学研究, 2003(6): 87-92 令狐萍.金山谣—美国华裔妇女史.北京.中国社会科学出版社,1999. 潘军武.不可思议的中国人:《喜福会》中的异国情调与东方主义.武汉大学: 2002.彭逢春, 罗婷.从《喜福会》探析谭恩美的文化身份.邵阳学院学报(社会科学版),2004-04(2): 74-76 张瑞华.解读谭恩美《喜福会》中的中国麻将.外国文学评论, 2001(1): 95-100 赵文书.Positioning Contemporary Chinese American Literature in Contested Terrains.南京:南京大学出版社,2004. 四川大学本科毕业论文
《喜福会》中的中国文化背景分析
Net.1: 陈启智.儒家思想与家庭伦理.2006-01-20, http:// Net.3: Tan, Amy.An Interview 2006-1-20
http://www.xiexiebang.com/authors/au-tan-amy.asp 四川大学本科毕业论文
《喜福会》中的中国文化背景分析
(本篇“致谢”仅供参考,非唯一或标准文本)
Acknowledgements
First of all, I would like to express my appreciation to all the teachers at the School(College)of __________, Sichuan University, whose instructions and guidance have made my three/four years at the university a truly rewarding experience.In particular, I wish to extend my sincere gratitude to Prof.___, Prof.___, … and Prof.___, from whose lectures I have profited tremendously over the past few years.Words fail me when I try to express my heartfelt thanks to my supervisor, ____, for all his/her inspiring ideas and kind help throughout the process of my thesis writing.Without his/her helpful suggestions, guidance and patience, the completion of this thesis would not have been possible.My thanks also go to my fellow classmates and friends who have rendered me their generous help.I am particularly grateful to my parents for their strong support and deep care given to me during the process of my thesis writing.I am also deeply indebted to the authors mentioned in the bibliography.Their academic researches have given me a great deal of inspiration.It is my pleasure to dedicate this thesis to them all.
第三篇:外文文献注释规范
外文文献注释规范
引证外文文献,原则上以该文种通行的引证标注方式为准。
引证英文文献的标注项目与顺序与中文相同。责任者与题名间用英文逗号,著作题名为斜体,析出文献题名为正体加英文引号,出版日期为全数字标注,责任方式、卷册、页码等用英文缩略方式;期刊文章题名为正体加英文引号,登载的刊物题名为斜体。
单页为p.79.两页以上为pp.79-90.两个p
示例1:专著
Randolph Starn and Loren Partridge, The Arts of Power: Three Halls of State in Italy, 1300-1600, Berkeley: California University Press, 1992, pp.19-28.示例2: 译著
M.Polo, The Travels of Marco Polo, trans.by William Marsden,Hertfordshire: Cumberland House, 1997, pp.55, 88.示例3: 主编
T.H.Aston and C.H.E.Phlipin(eds.), The Brenner Debate.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985, p.35.示例4: 析出文献
R.S.Schfield, “The Impact of Scarcity and Plenty on Population Change in England,” in R.I.Rotberg and T.K.Rabb(eds.), Hunger and History: The Impact of Changing Food Production and Consumption Pattern on Societ,Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983, p.79.示例5: 期刊
Heath B.Chamberlain, “On the Search for Civil Society in China”, Modern China, vol.19, no.2(April 1993), pp.199-215.
第四篇:毕业论文参考文献和注释格式(2012定稿)
毕业论文参考文献和注释的标准格式
一、参考文献的格式(按学校规定)
参考文献类型:
专著 M 论文集 C 报纸文章 N 期刊文章 J 学位论文 D 报告 R 标准 S 专利 P 参考文献用五号宋体,常用参考文献编写项目和顺序规定如下:
1、专著格式示例 :[序号]主要责任者.文献题名[M].出版地:出版社.出版年份:起止页码.如:[1] 广西壮族自治区林业厅.广西自然保护区[M].北京:中国林业出版社.1993:11-18.
2、连续出版物(期刊、报纸)中的析出文献示例:[序号]主要责任者.文献题名[J].刊名.年.卷(期):起止页码.如:[1] 张旭,张通和,易钟珍等.采用磁过滤MEVVA源制备类金刚石膜研究[J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版).2002.38(4):478-481.
3、学位论文示例:[序号]主要责任者.文献题名[D].出版地:出版者.出版年份:起止页码.如:[1] 张筑生.微分半动力系统的不变集 [D].北京:北京大学数学系研究所.1983:12-16.
4、电子文献示例:[序号]主要责任者.电子文献题名[电子文献及载体类型标识].[发表或更新日期].电子文献的出处或可获得地址.如:[1] 萧钰.出版业信息化迈入快车道[EB/OL].[2002-04-15].http:∥ .
二、注释的格式(小五号宋体)
注释采用脚注,每一页单独编号,采用①②„„标号。
1、引用专著:作者:《专著名》,XX出版社,XXXX年版,第X-X页。
如:李道揆:《美国政府和美国政治》,中国社会科学出版社,1990年版,第72-74页。
说明:(a)作者姓名后面用冒号;著作名用书名号标出,书名号后加逗号;出版社名称后加逗号;出版年代后加“版”字,再加逗号;页码后用句号。
(b)著作者如系二人,作者姓名之间用顿号分隔,如:xxx、xxx;如系二人以上,可写出第一作者姓名,后面加“等”字省略其他作者,如:xxx等。
(c)著作名如有副标题,则在书名号内以破折号将标题与副标题隔开。如: 陈宝森:《美国经济与政府政策——从罗斯福到里根》,世界知识出版社,1988年版,第124页。
(d)著作如系多卷本,须在书名号后面直接写出引用资料所在的卷数,再加句号。如:徐民:《抗美援朝的历史回顾》上卷,中国广播出版社,1990年版,第5页。
(e)作者为古代的,作者姓名前加(朝代)。如:(汉)司马迁。
2、引用译著:作者:《专著名》,译者姓名,XX出版社,XXXX年版,第X页。如:J.布卢姆等:《美国的历程》,杨国标、张儒林译,商务印书馆,1988年版,第97页。
说明:作者姓名中除姓(family name)外,名与中间名(first name 和 middle name)均可用缩写形式表示,如缩写,须用英文缩写符号(下圆点);如将姓名全部译出,则须在姓名之间加中文间隔符号(中圆点)。
3、引用编著: 主编姓名:《编著名》,XX出版社,XXXX年版,第X页。如:杨生茂主编:《美国外交政策史,1775—1989》,人民出版社,1991年版,第23页。
说明:在编者姓名后,根据该书提供的信息加入“编”或“主编”,再加冒号;其余部分与著作类注释格式同。
4、引用文集或期刊、杂志文章:作者:“文章名”,《期刊名》,XXXX年第X期,第XX页。如:吴展:“试论核裁军的几个问题”,《美国研究》,1994年第3期,第43页。
5、引用报纸文章: 作者:“文章名”,《报纸名》,XXXX年X月X日,第X版。如:陆全武:“国营企业改革中的几个问题”,《经济日报》,1994年8月20日,第3版。
6、引用网络类:作者:“文章名”,网址。
第五篇:毕业论文参考文献和注释格式
Bibliography [1] A.S.Hornby. Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary[Z]. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2004.
[2] Andre Lefevere.Translation, Rewriting & Manipulation of Literary Fame[M].Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2004.
[3] Cao Xueqin, Gao E.A Dream of Red Mansions [M].Trans.Yang Hsienyi & Gladys Yang.Beijing: Foreign Language Press, 1994.
[4] Cao Xueqin, Gao E.The Story of the Stone [M].Trans. David Hawkes. London: Penguin Books Ltd, 1973.
[5] Susan Bassnet.When Is a Translation not a Translation? [A].Susan Bassnet, Andre Lefevere.Constructing Cultures: Essays on Literary Translation[C].Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2001.
[6] 埃斯卡皮.文学社会学[M].王美华,于沛译.合肥: 安徽文艺出版社, 1987.
[7] 曹雪芹, 高鄂.红楼梦[M].北京: 人民文学出版社, 1962. [8] 陈大亮.谁是翻译主体[J].中国翻译, 2004(3): 3-7. [9] 刘楠.郭德纲相声语言特点分析[D].山东大学,2009.
Notes [1] A.S.Hornby. Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary[M].Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2004: 345.
[2] Gu Hongming.The Discourse and Saying of Confucius[M]. Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 1998: 45. [3]Ibid: 56.
[4] A.S.Hornby. Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary[M].Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2004: 347.
[5] 陈大亮.谁是翻译主体[J].中国翻译, 2004(3): 3.
[6] 同上:6. 说明: 1.参考文献(1)参考文献按照先英文后中文的顺序排列,每个文献作者为按照字母顺序排列,中文作者如果第一个汉字拼音相同,则按第二个汉字排列,如第二个汉字拼音相同则以第三个汉字拼音为准。
(2)英文文献作者姓名的顺序为先名后姓,若名字用缩写,其后要用句点,若用全名,名姓之间不加标点。
(3)每个文献之后要表明文献类型,专注为M,期刊为J,辞典工具书为Z,论文集中的论文为A,所引用的论文集为C,硕博论文为D。中英文相同。(4)若引用文献为网址则只需给出网址即可,位置位于所有文献最后。(5)引用期刊的必须在出版年代和期刊号之后标明起止页码,实例见参考文献。2.注释
(1)格式为参考文献最后加冒号添加页码即可。(2)引文通常只标单页,一般不跨页。
(3)若为连续引用,中文格式为:同上:页码;英文格式为:Ibid:页码。连续引用意为两次引用中间不得插入其他文献或同一作者的其它文献。如果隔了一个文献,则应将文献内容写全。见注释范例。