四级作文提纲练习

第一篇：四级作文提纲练习

从3月25日开始，请大家准备一个“体面”的笔记本，最好能长期保存质量较好，每天用一页写一个写作(口语话题)提纲，第二天用第二页，每页留一些空白为了日后丰富、修改你的提纲。有时会是口语提纲，以便大家积累口语素材。我会看大家的笔记本。提纲以英文书写。四六级写作涉及到的话题类型有：1.辩论类，A好还是B好？你同意A还是同意B？你同意A吗？ 2.社会热点话题，比如excessive package, educations pays 3.日常生活，如饮食结构，生活作息 4.环境能源 5.学习工作 6.应用文，如书信广告等。

以下是这一个月的话题，大家每天花10-20分钟就可以积累很多素材，有的题目5分钟就能写出一个提纲，关键在于你思考过。这些话题也是将来你留学、找工作面试的素材。Mar.25 Can Money Buy Happiness？

Mar.26 Your views on “Operation Empty Plate”, an anti-food-waste campaign

Mar.27 My favourite book/movie(选一篇既是书又有电影的)

Mar.28 Students' mental health at risk(Doctors say the current generation of students has a greater risk of anxiety and depression than previous ones.)

Mar.29 My favourite sports activity

Mar.30 Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent? How?

Mar.31 Your strengh and weaness.Apr.1 Your views on Academic plagiarism

Apr.2 Your opinions on knockoffs

Apr.3 Your opinions on Credibility online

Apr.4 sadvantges of piracy(software, books)

Apr.5 It pays to be honest

Apr.6 What do you fear of?(animal/height/scary movie,etc)

Apr.7 A New Lifestyle：Low Carbon

Apr.8 Your attitude towards fashion

Apr.9 Do you think it good to keep a pet?

Apr.10 should students take part in more Recreational Activities

Apr.11 What do you value most when you look for your spouse?

Apr.12 Is internet killing print?(Will print media be replaced by internet media)Apr.13 Will ebooks replace traditional books?

Apr.14 Is Spoken English test necessary?

Apr.15 Due Attention Should Be Given To the Study of Chinese

Apr.16 An unforgetable person and an unforgetable experience

Apr.17Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists?

Apr.18Your opinions on Free Admission to museums/parks

Apr.19 Live on campus, live at home or rent an apartment?

Apr.20 Advantages/disadvantages of students holding part-time jobs

Apr.21Should One Expect a Reward When Doing a Good Deed?

Apr.22 Your favorite music style

Apr.23 Should we pay more attention to arts education?

Apr.24 Your views on traditional Chinese medicine

Apr.25 Advantages and disadvantages of overseas study.Apr.26 Your views on Gender Discrimination in the workplace

第二篇：英语四级作文练习

1.2.3.4.5.6.英语四级考试写作训练习题

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic How to Deal with Cheating? You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

1.学生作弊的方式多种多样

2.作弊的原因，对作弊学生应如何处理

3.怎样杜绝作弊

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Heated Match, Fair Play.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

假设你是学校广播站播音员，对今天上午举行的学校篮球联赛决赛进行报道。报道的内容应包括以下几点：

1.比赛举行的时间、地点及参赛队伍

2.比赛的主要过程

3.对比赛结果的分析

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic A Letter to the University President about the Goods Promotion on Campus.You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese:

假设你是李慧，就校园内推销各种商品的情况给校长写封信，信的内容应包括：

1.校园内经常见到推销各种商品的现象

2.产生这种现象的原因

3.你的具体建议

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic A Letter of Application for a School Loan.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

假设你是高鹏，是英语系的一名新生，请你就申请助学贷款一事给学校有关部门写封申请信。申请信的内容须包括以下几点：

1.提出申请

2.申请的理由

3.恳请批准

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic College Graduates Work as Village Officials.You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:

1.你是否认为大学生当村官是个好主意;

2.大学生能给乡村提供些什么;

3.大学生能从村官职位中获得什么。

College Graduates Work as Village Officials

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: How to Keep Psychologically Healthy.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

1.心理健康问题往往是导致疾病的原因

2.分析人们产生心理健康问题的原因(可从失业、压力过重、缺少支持、缺乏人际关系等方面加以分析)

3.你认为人们如何保持心理健康

7.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic On a Harmonious Dormitory Life.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

1.宿舍生活有时会出现不和谐的情况

2.一个和谐宿舍生活的必要性

3.如何创造和谐的宿舍生活

8.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic How to Deal with Sub health.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

1.随着世界现代化的不断加速发展，人们的物质生活水平不断攀升，但人们却日益受到 “亚健康” 这种不良状态的威胁。

2.亚健康的具体表现及在我国的蔓延程度(北京 75%，上海72%，广州70%的上班族都属于亚健康状态)。

3.在现代社会中应怎样解决亚健康问题。

9.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Study under a Work study Program.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

1.在大学校园中，有的大学生是因为生活困难，有的大学生是为锻炼实际能力而勤工俭学

2.作为一名在校大学生，你如何看待勤工俭学问题

10.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic A Job searching Experience.You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese:

1.介绍得到这次求职信息的途径

2.叙述这次求职经历的全过程

3.谈谈你对这次经历的感受或体会Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic How to Deal with Cheating? You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

1.学生作弊的方式多种多样

2.作弊的原因，对作弊学生应如何处理

3.怎样杜绝作弊

【范文】

How to Deal with Cheating?

Many students tend to cheat in the exams.Some will copy the answers from their books.Some will talk with each other to share the right answers.Besides, some even write down the information on their skin.There are several causes leading to cheating.Some students want to get high scores without efforts.Secondly, some are under great pressure and they fear to fail the exams.Once the students are found cheating, the teachers should punish them severely and explain the harm of cheating to them.There are at least two ways to eliminate cheating.On the one hand, we should explain the harm of cheating to our students.On the other hand, strict measures should be taken against cheating.As a result, the fair play in the exams can be achieved and students can pay attention to study instead of cheating.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Heated Match, Fair Play.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

假设你是学校广播站播音员，对今天上午举行的学校篮球联赛决赛进行报道。报道的内容应包括以下几点：

1.比赛举行的时间、地点及参赛队伍

2.比赛的主要过程

3.对比赛结果的分析

【范文】

Heated Match, Fair Play

Dear fellow students，Good evening.Here comes the coverage of the final basketball match of our school league.The match was held in the school stadium in the morning.One team was from the English Department, and the other from the Maths Department.The game began at 8:30.All the players brought their potential into full play.Both teams took the lead by turns.The biggest margin was less than ten points.It was really the closest game I have ever watched.When there was 5 seconds left, the team from the English Department lagged narrowly behind by two points.At the last second, Li Qiang scored a three pointer and put the English team in lead by one point.The audience burst into thunderous applause and cheers.At last, the English team screwed a 7574 win over the Maths team.All of the players on both teams played marvelously, with the leading scorer Li Qiang.He scored 26 points, 10 of them in the decisive final quarter.Besides, he also snatched 9 rebounds.No wonder he was elected the MVP of the game.That’s the exciting report on the game.Thank you.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic A Letter to the University President about the Goods Promotion on Campus.You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese:

假设你是李慧，就校园内推销各种商品的情况给校长写封信，信的内容应包括：

1.校园内经常见到推销各种商品的现象

2.产生这种现象的原因

3.你的具体建议

【范文】

A Letter to the University President

about the Goods Promotion on Campus April 21, 2006

Dear Mr.President，Nowadays the goods promotion on campus is on the rise.When you are taking a nap on the dormitory, you will be disturbed by knocks on the door by a salesman.Most of those goods promoted are of poor quality.Worse still, this poses a potential danger on the security of the dormitory.Why is the goods promotion so pervasive on campus? Firstly, many salesmen believe that college students are naive and can be easily deceived.Secondly, a number of students, especially the freshmen, are in great need of various necessities at the beginning of each semester.Thirdly, some students want to take part-time jobs and earn some money.As for this kind of phenomenon, I’d like to put forward some suggestions.On the one hand, those professional salesmen should not be allowed to enter the dormitory to promote their goods.On the other hand, no promotion activity should be allowed during noon break.I hope in this way our campus life will be left undisturbed.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic A Letter of Application for a School Loan.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

假设你是高鹏，是英语系的一名新生，请你就申请助学贷款一事给学校有关部门写封申请信。申请信的内容须包括以下几点：

1.提出申请

2.申请的理由

3.恳请批准

【范文】

A Letter of Application for a School Loan

To whom it may concern，I’m writing to you to apply for a school loan.As a freshman from the English Department, I have much financial difficulty in continuing my study.There are five members in my family.My father is the only breadwinner of the whole family while my mother was laid off two years ago.My grandmother has been suffering a chronic illness for more than five years.My younger brother is now studying in a high middle school.I took part-time jobs during the summer vacation, but what I have earned is far from enough for me to pay the required tuition fees.In order to continue my study, I have to apply for a school loan.If my request is granted, I will make good use of the money and put my heart into study.I will definitely pay back the loan according to the requirements.I hope that you will consider my application.Looking forward to your reply.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic College Graduates Work as Village Officials.You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:

1.你是否认为大学生当村官是个好主意;

2.大学生能给乡村提供些什么;

3.大学生能从村官职位中获得什么。

College Graduates Work as Village Officials

【范文】

College Graduates Work as Village Officials

Nowadays many college graduates choose to work as village officials in the remote areas.To this, people’s attitudes differ sharply.Some hold the positive view while others are against it.As far as I am concerned, I believe that it is a wise choice.Above all, college graduates can contribute a lot to the development of the countryside.First, they can apply their professional knowledge there.Secondly, they can introduce new concepts to the countryside and speed the development of rural culture.As a result, the gap between the city and the countryside can well be bridged.In addition, these graduates can benefit a lot from working as village officials.While too many college graduates are fighting for the handful of positions in big cities, these graduates can find themselves a wider stage of development and realize their value.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: How to Keep Psychologically Healthy.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

1.心理健康问题往往是导致疾病的原因

2.分析人们产生心理健康问题的原因(可从失业、压力过重、缺少支持、缺乏人际关系等方面加以分析)

3.你认为人们如何保持心理健康

【范文】

How to Keep Psychologically Healthy?

One in four people will experience some kind of mental health problem in the course of a year.When you fail to manage to control these problems, they are likely to cause various mental illnesses and, as a result of physiological imbalance, physical illnesses.You may not be able to live a normal life, let alone a fulfilling one.The causes of mental health problems often vary a lot from one case to another.In today’ society, a good number of people are suffering from heavy pressure.Others are lacking in communication skills and feel they are living in an isolated world.In addition, a lot of people are ignorant of psychological knowledge about how to keep mentally fit.There are a lot of ways to curb mental health problems and keep psychologically healthy.Firstly, find the real cause of your mental health problem and see whether you can do something to make a change.Secondly, learn to relax yourself and take exercise to release the pressure.After all, your health is what counts most.Lastly, you may find it helpful to talk to your partner, a relative or a friend about your problems, or seek support and advice from a psychological consultant.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic On a Harmonious Dormitory Life.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

1.宿舍生活有时会出现不和谐的情况

2.一个和谐宿舍生活的必要性

3.如何创造和谐的宿舍生活

【范文】

On a Harmonious Dormitory Life

Dormitory life is an indispensable part of college life.But sometimes the harmony in the dormitory will be disturbed in one way or another.For example, some members listen to music late into the night and make those light sleepers restless.Worse still, the smell of some students socks is powerful enough to drive other members out of the room.As is known to all, a harmonious dormitory life is important to college students and benefits all the members.On one hand, we can have a good rest and put our heart into study.On the other hand, we will have a good mood and enjoy being together.In contrast, an unharmonious life will be depressing and counterproductive.There are several ways to create and maintain a harmonious dormitory life.Firstly, you have to evaluate your life style and try to get rid of your dirty habits, if there are any.Secondly, when an annoying situation arises, you’ll just have to learn to tolerate each other and coexist.Thirdly, you’ll have to share with each other and make good friends.In conclusion, we should try our best to build a harmonious dormitory life for the purpose of good study and good life.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic How to Deal with Sub health.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

1.随着世界现代化的不断加速发展，人们的物质生活水平不断攀升，但人们却日益受到 “亚健康” 这种不良状态的威胁。

2.亚健康的具体表现及在我国的蔓延程度(北京 75%，上海72%，广州70%的上班族都属于亚健康状态)。

3.在现代社会中应怎样解决亚健康问题。

【范文】

How to Deal with Sub health

With the modernization of the world, people’ standard of living has improved a lot.Then there appears a state of sub health among people which poses a new threat to them.There are some typical symptoms for people who are in a state of sub health.First of all, those who suffer from it often have a headache or backache.Secondly, they feel like having a rest frequently.What upsets us most is that, the situation is spreading countrywide.As a result, more and more workers in big cities are harassed by it, with a percentage of 75 in Beijing, 72 in Shanghai and 70 in Guangzhou respectively.Then how can we solve this problem effectively? Experts suggest that the best way to keep us healthy is to do exercises.It is also very important that people should form a good living habit, for example, getting up early and going to sleep early.Only doing so can we keep us healthy.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Study under a Work study Program.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

1.在大学校园中，有的大学生是因为生活困难，有的大学生是为锻炼实际能力而勤工俭学

2.作为一名在校大学生，你如何看待勤工俭学问题

【范文】

Study under a Work study Program

Nowadays more and more college students are taking part time jobs as they have more time at their disposal.Some are eager to gain experience and improve their practical skills.Others want to earn some money and relieve the financial burden on their families.But every coin has two sides.On the one hand, part time jobs do much good for us.We can develop our skills and improve our material life as well.On the other hand, we may not be able to put our heart into study in the “gold rush”.Worse still, those who fail to resist the temptation from society will take a wrong road, and even end up in prison.In conclusion, the outcome of study under a work study program depends on how we handle it.We should allot plenty of time to our study, keeping in mind that study should have priority over anything else for us college students, and money is not our purpose but a means to provide us with comfort.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic A Job searching Experience.You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese:

1.介绍得到这次求职信息的途径

2.叙述这次求职经历的全过程

3.谈谈你对这次经历的感受或体会

【范文】

A Job searching Experience

Last Friday my English teacher told me that one of her friends was looking for an English governess.I asked for her friend name and phone number and determined to seize the chance.I was a little bit nervous when I went to the woman house.I was told that the talk between us that day would decide whether I could take the job.However, when the woman, Lucy as she was called, welcomed me into her house, I felt much relaxed.I thought as long as I was sincere and friendly I would perform well.The conversation went on smoothly.She seemed much more interested in my habits and hobbies than how good I was at English.Then it seemed that I did the most talking that day.I told her about my family and school life.Obviously I succeeded and from then on I went to teach her English every weekend.Lucy told me later that it was my sincerity that makes her willingly accept me.It is true that there are many tips while seeking for a job, but remember to be sincere.It’s the secret of my success.7

第三篇：四级高分作文讲座提纲

四级高分作文讲座提纲

一、考官兴奋点。

A.词汇：书面性，丰富性。

B.句型：简单句与高级复杂从句，7+5式

C.结构：结构：议论，书信，图表，夹叙夹议，复合题型。

D.形式：书写，内容vs形式，段落。

二、对症下药，讲座安排。

第一讲：40难词，八大难句融会贯通。

中文思路确立，英文转换。

第二讲：议论文四大模式串讲。

第三讲：应用文，夹叙夹议复合题型串讲。精改作业，常见错误矫正。

三、40难词，八大难句融会贯通。

1.people: college students and the residents of Tianjin

city dwellers and countryside residents

2.think: believe, suppose, claim, hold the point of view that, draw the conclusion that

3.now: at present, currently

4.because: mainly result from, be caused by

5.but: however, while, nevertheless, on the contrary

6.decide: make up one’s mind, make the decision that,7.example: for instance, be a case to the point

8.problem: phenomenon, issue, situation, trend

9.important: crucial, significant, vital

10.reason: contributing factor, cause

11.good: helpful, constructive, beneficial

12.many: considerable, various, diverse, miscellaneous, sufficient.13.young: adolescent, teenager

14.old:adult, aged.15.small: micro, ordinary

16.big: serious, extraordinary

17.famous: well-known, good reputation, eminent, prominent.18.thank: appreciate, be grateful to

19.last: ultimately, in the end

20.bad: harmful, awful.学以致用：Smoking is bad for your health.At last, we succeeded.I thank her for the help she gave to me.It is a small problem.Your idea is good.But, I don’t agree.Now, English is becoming more and more important.八大句型妙笔生花：

实例：P179 Is Pressure a Bad Thing?

第一段：Pressure is everywhere.And it’s becoming more serious than before.For instance, studentsAre facing pressure from exams, workers are facing pressure from work.修正版：There is currently an idea which is accepted by all the college students and city dwellers that pressure is everywhere.It is reported that students are facing pressure from various examinations and workers are facing pressure caused by the fierce competition.开篇句型：

1、定语从句：

There is an idea which is widely accepted by all the citizens of our country that 2008 Olympic games is a big chance for China.With the development of society, English which is the language of the internet has become more and more important.2、形式主语。

It is reported/estimated that more than 40% per cent of the college students are interested in getting a driving license.It is a wonder that at least a few children survive their schooling and emerge as people who can think, people who are open-minded and knowledgeable.It enables us to make friends from all over the world.第二段：People’s attitudes are different to pressure.Some think it is good.Others think it is bad.修正版：People in different occupations hold different points of view to pressure.Some of them draw the conclusion that it is beneficial to us.For instance, pressure in work can improve efficiency.Nevertheless, others claim that it is harmful to us.A case to the point is that some students even committed suicides under heavy examination pressure.With the competition becoming more and more fierce, the above situation is becoming increasingly serious.发展句型：

3、现在分词

With the government and mass media paying more attention to the problem mentioned above, it will be solved in the near future.Spending all their time working to a rigid curriculum, the passing of examinations by their pupils gradually became the whole object of their working life.第三段：I think it is good sometimes but it is bad also.We should look at it differently.修正版：As far as I am concerned, I believe pressure brings us both advantages and disadvantages.Consequently, not only should we notice its harm, but also we should pay attention to its benefits.Thus, it is advisable that we should deal with it according to different situation.结论句型：

4、虚拟倒装

Had people paid more attention to the above issue before, the present situation would not be so serious.Not only should we be able to read and write English, but also we should be able to listen and speak English.Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.句型学习：

5、双重否定

The importance/negative impact of environmental pollution should not be neglected.6、虚拟强调句

It is high time that we began to prepare for our bright future.7、复杂被动语态

In China, all the college students are required to pass CET-4.8、并列平行结构。

Everyone should know where the fire alarm box is located and where the fire exits, fire escapes and fire doors are.9、插入语结构。

During the rest of this century, as never before, the history will be the study of population.For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers.10、特别连词

Given the nature of government and private employers, it seems most likely that discrimination by private employers would be greater.四大构段方式总结：因果，比较，举例，数据。

中文思路构建：例题。P178 Beijing and the 2008 Olympic Games.第一段：申办奥运成功后的北京变化很大。人们更加热衷于体育运动。而且，更多人开始学习英语了。北京开始向一个国际化城市转变。

八大句型转换：Beijing changed a lot after bidding 2008 Olympic Games.定语从句

1.Beijing, which is the capital of China, changed a lot after bidding 2008 Olympic Games.2.Beijing, which is a well-known city in the world, changed a lot after bidding 2008 Olympic Games.3.Beijing changed a lot after bidding 2008 Olympic Games, which will be participated in by various countries.现在分词

1.With the government and mass media paying more attention to the problem, Beijing changed a lot after bidding 2008 Olympic Games.2.With the leader and our countrymen working hard, Beijing changed a lot after bidding the 2008 Olympic Games.形式主语

1.It is reported that Beijing changed a lot after bidding 2008 Olympic Games.2.It is a good news that Beijing changed a lot after bidding 2008 Olympic Games.虚拟强调句

1.It is high time that Beijing changed a lot after bidding 2008 Olympic Games.插入语结构

2.Beijing, as never before, chaged a lot after bidding 2008 Olympic Games.People are more interested in sports.分析结果

People are more interested in sports because it is beneficial to our health.连词，举例子

What is more, increasingly more people are studying English, especially college students and the residents of Beijing.Beijing is becoming an international city.第一段

Beijing, which is the capital of China, changed a lot after bidding 2008 Olympic Games.People are more interested in sports because it is beneficial to our health.What is more, increasingly more people are studying English, especially college students and the residents of Beijing.It is high time that Beijing became an international city.第二段：

Beijing dwellers are preparing for the Olympic Games.1.It is reported that Beijing dwellers are preparing for the Olympic Games.2.With the government and mass media paying more attention to the problem, Beijing dwellers are preparing for the Olympic Games.They are building bridges and mansions.1.Not only are they building bridges, but also they are constructing mansions.2.Given the benefits of the Olympic Games, They are building bridges andmansions.They are more polite to their guests.1.In addition, they are more polite to their guests from every country.2.Moreover, they are more polite to their friends who are coming from every country.The environment is better than before.1.At last, it is a good news that the environment is better than before.2.The most important thing is that the environment in Beijing is better than before.第二段: It is reported that Beijing dwellers are preparing for the Olympic Games.Not only are they building bridges, but also they are constructing mansions.Moreover, they are more polite to their friends who are coming from every country.At last, it is a good news that the environment is better than before.To sum up, Beijing is quite different from before.第三段： I think that Olympic Games is important.1.In conclusion, I hold the point of view that Olympic Games is significant to our country.2.As far as I am concerned, I draw the conclusion that Olympic Games is of great importance to our country.It can improve our economy.1.For instance, it can improve our economy greatly, which is not quite advanced currently.2.For one thing, it is a good news that 2008 Olympic Games can boost our economy greatly.It makes China more open.1.Furthermore, it is advisable that it should make China more open to the world.2.For another, it will make China more open to the outer world than 10 years before.1.第三段.As far as I am concerned, I draw the conclusion that Olympic Games is of great importance to our country.For instance, it can improve our economy greatly, which is not quite advanced currently.For another, it will make China more open to the outer world than 10 years before.Beijing, which is the capital of China, changed a lot after bidding 2008 Olympic Games.People are more interested in sports because it is beneficial to our health.What is more, increasingly more people are studying English, especially college students and the residents of Beijing.It is high time that Beijing became an international city.It is reported that Beijing dwellers are preparing for the Olympic Games.Not only are they building bridges, but also they are constructing mansions.Moreover, they are more polite to their friends who are coming from every country.At last, it is a good news that the environment is better than before.To sum up, Beijing is quite different from before.As far as I am concerned, I draw the conclusion that Olympic Games is of great importance to our country.For instance, it can improve our economy greatly, which is not quite advanced currently.For another, it will make China more open to the outer world than 10 years before.At present, some students, as we know, don’t like English very much.But I am not one of them.On the contrary, I enjoy learning English.And I personally hold the point of view that English is becoming increasingly significant.It is reported that about more than 85% of college students and the residents of Tianjin believe that English is of great importance.Currently, most of college students and the residents of Tianjin are trying to study English because there is a widely accepted idea that English is becoming more and more important.My cousin Mike is a case to the point, he spends 5 hours a week on learning English.With the competition in job hunting becoming increasingly fierce, more than 75% college students are interested in learning spoken English.There are several factors that contribute to the above argument.On the one hand, English brings us various kinds of

employment opportunities.On the other hand, English which is the language of internet provides us a fast way to get information.Ultimately, it enables us to make friends with people from all over the world.There are diverse reasons to explain my argument.For one thing, not only does English brings us various kinds of job opportunities, but also English is a fast way to get information.For another, when a person is speaking English, his or her pronunciation sounds attractive.Las but not least, it is obvious that English enables us to improve the quality of our life and job in diverse aspects.In summary, the significance of English, as never before, should not be neglected.Consequently, it is high time that we began to study English.Only in this way, can we meet the requirements of modern society.In conclusion, the importance of English should not be overlooked.Thus, it is essential/advisable that we should pay much attention to English learning.Moreover, not only do we need to study reading English, but also we need to learn spoken English.In modern society, countryside dwellers and city residents hold different points of view to tradition.Some think of it positively, especially the aged.In their opinion, tradition contains various beneficial elements and enables us to get unexpected experience which is very useful in our life and jobs.It is estimated by the mass media that around 80% of the aged believe that tradition should not be given up.Advantage(2)

Nowadays, there is a heated discussion on whether tradition should be given up.Quite a lot of countryside residents and city dwellers, especially the old, claim that tradition should be reserved.They support their argument from the following aspects.Tradition has been accepted by our ancestors for thousands of years because it is constructive to our history.For instance, tradition tells people to be polite to friends and relatives.It is said that 78% of the old people believe that tradition should not be given up.Disadvantages

Although the above point of view sounds reasonable, others think of it negatively.They claim that tradition has nothing to do with modern society.What is more, tradition slows down the progress of our economy and science to a great extent.Although its negative impact can not be clearly sensed by ordinary people, it usually leads to serious consequence in the end.On the contrary, a great many people, especially the teenagers in high schools and college students believe that tradition should be forgotten completely.And they firmly think that modern ideas are 100% better than old traditions.For example, American culture and miscellaneous creative working modes are improving the quality of our life and job.It is believed that almost three quarters of youngsters in our country appreciate new life mode rather than old tradition.As far as I am concerned, I suppose that tradition brings us both advantages and disadvantages.As a result, it is suggested that we should deal with it according to different situations.Only in this way, can we make a right decision, which is helpful to our achievements.In my opinion, judging tradition from just one aspect is not completely right because every coin has two sides.But most modern ideas are better than the old tradition.For instance, men and women should be equal.Thus, it is right for us to open our mind and get more new ideas.正面因素

sth.enables us to make friends with people from all over the world.Sth.can largely improve the quality of our life and jobs in diverse aspects.Sth.contains various beneficial elements and enables us to get unexpected experience which is very useful in our life and job.反面因素

Had people paid more attention to the above issue before, the present situation would not be so serious.If its negative impact can not be dealt with timely, the result is sometimes disastrous and destroying.Although its negative impact can not be clearly sensed by ordinary people, it usually leads to serious consequence in the end.

第四篇：四级翻译练习

1.孔子

孔子(Confucius)是一位思想家、政治家，教育家，也是中国儒学(the Ru School)思想的创始人。儒学(Confucianism)，这个道德和 宗教哲学的大系统建立在孔圣人(Master Kung)的教学上。冯友兰，中国思想史上 20 世纪伟大的权威之一，把孔子在中国历史上的影响比作 西方的苏格拉底。

参考译文: Confucius was a thinker, political figure, educator, and founder of the Ru School of Chinese thought.Confucianism, the great system of moral and religious philosophy built upon the teachings of Master Kung.Fung You-lan, one of the great 20th century authorities on the history of Chinese thought, compares Confucius’s influence in Chinese history with that of Socrates in the West.2.京剧

京剧(Beijing Opera)是中国的国粹。作为一门古老的艺术，京剧的服装（costume)、脸谱(facial mask)更易被人喜爱。不同的服装类型反映不同的人物身份特征。富贵者的服装缀满精美的刺绣;穷困者的服装则简单朴素，少有装饰(elemental)。脸谱是京剧中塑造人物 形象的重要 手段，它是用不同的颜色在脸上勾画出来的。脸谱的颜色让人一看便知角色(portray)的善恶。比如白色代表奸诈(treachery)，黑色代表正直不阿，黄色是骁勇，蓝、绿色多用于绿林 好汉(rebellious fighters)，金、银色多用于神佛(divinity and Buddhism)等。

参考译文: Beijing Opera is the cream of the Chinese culture.As a traditional art form, its costumes and facial mask are more popular with people.Different styles of costumes are used to reflect the status of different characters.There are more decorations in the costumes of nobles，while those of the poor tend to be simple and less elemental.Facial masks can reflect qualities of different characters.Facial masks using different colors are important ways to portray a character.People can tell a hero from a villain by the colors of the masks.In general，white usually represents treachery, black represents righteousness, yellow represents bravery, blue and green represent rebellious fighters，while gold and silver represent divinity and Buddhism.3.茶马古道

茶马古道(Tea-horse Ancient Road)两边，生活着 20 多个少数 民族。不同的地方有着各自美丽而神奇的自然风景和传统文化，比 如:大理，丽江古城，香格里拉(Shangrila),雅鲁藏布江 大峡谷和布达拉宫(Potala Palace)。古道的两旁有庙宇、岩石壁画、骚站(post house),古桥和木板路，还有少数民族舞蹈和民族服装。时至今天，虽然这条古道的踪迹都消失了，但它的文化和历史价值仍然存在。

参考译文: Along the Tea-horse Ancient Road lived more than 20 minorities.Concentrations of beautiful and mysterious natural landscapes and traditional cultures developed in various sites，including Dali old city, Lijiang old city, Shangrila, Yarlung Zangbo River Grand Canyon, Potala Palace.The road features temples, rock paintings, post houses, ancient bridges and plank roads.It is also home to many national minorities and their dances and folk customs.Today, although the traces of the ancient road are fading away, its cultural and historic values remain.4.八大菜系

中国一个幅员辽阔、资源丰富、历史悠久的多民族国家，每个民族都有其独特的丰富菜肴。地域菜系在地理环境、气候、文化传统、民族风俗和其他因素的影响下经过悠久历史的发 展已经成形。最有影响力、最具代表性的是鲁、川、粤、闽、苏、浙、湘、徽菜系，这八 种被人们称为“八大菜系”。中国的“八大菜系”是以多种多样 的烹饪方法区分的，各有其长处。

参考译文: China is a time-honored multi-ethnics nation with a vast territory and abundant resources, and every ethnic group has its unique abundant dishes.Regional cuisines have taken shape after long-history evolution under the influence of geographical environment, climate, cultural tradition, folk customs and other factors.The most influential and representative ones are Lu, Chuan，Yue, Min, Su，Zhe, Xiang and Hui Cuisines, which are commonly known as “Eight Major Cuisines”.Dishes in the “Eight Major Cuisines” in China are characterized by diversified cooking skills, with each having its strong points.5.四合院

四合院是从明代的北京延续下来的古典建筑风格的住宅。四合 院之间的狭窄的街道被称为 “胡同”。一个四合院有园林包围着四个房子，有高高的围墙保护。四合院与胡同都是人们 常见到的，有超 过 700 多年的历史，但是由于现在的城市改造和中国经济的发展，四合院 慢慢地从北京消失。

参考译文: Si He Yuan is a classical architecture style of residential housing of Beijing citizens dated from the Ming Dynasty.The narrow streets between the Si He Yuan are called “Hutong”.A single implementation of Si He Yuan comprises of garden surrounded by four houses and protected by high walls.Si He Yuan with Hutong which have been very familiar to people，having a history of more than 700 years now suffer from the urban renovation and economic development of China, and they are slowly disappearing from Beijing.6.少林功夫

少林功夫(Shaolin Kungfii)是河南登封少林寺信奉佛教文化的和尚们练习的一种武术(martial arts)。少林寺，建于北魏(the Northern Wei Dynasty)太和期(Taihe Period)十九年，是少林功夫发展的文化空间。少林功夫最初是佛教僧侣练习的，他们的职责是保护寺庙。现在经过 1500 多年的发展，少林功夫已逐步发展成为一种完美技术和丰富含义相融合的艺术，在全世界享有声誉。

参考译文: Shaolin Kungfu is a kind of martial arts practiced by monks under the special Buddhist culture of the Shaolin Temple in Dengfeng City, Henan Province.The Shaolin Temple, built in the Nineteenth year of Taihe Period during the Northern Wei Dynasty, is a cultural space for the development of the Shaolin Kungfu.The Shaolin Kungfii, which is originally practiced by the Buddhist monks whose duties were to protect the temple, has been gradually developed into an art of perfect technology, abundant meanings and high reputation in the whole world after more than 1500 years of development.7.秧歌

秧歌是农历正月的主要的民族花市形式。在这种活动中，两人都盛装打扮，轮流唱歌跳舞，其他人作为唱歌和跳舞的搭档。锣(gong)鼓按照节奏敲打;唢呐（suona)或其他传统的弦乐 器、木管乐器作为背景音乐。

参考译文: Yangge, which is one of the main forms of folk flower fair actions in the first month of the lunar year.In this activity, two people are dressed up, singing and dancing in antiphonal style, others act as singing and dancing partners.The gong and drum are beaten in rhythm;traditional stringed and woodwind instruments are dubbed in background music.8.筷子

说到筷子(chopsticks)的起源，中国是世界上第一个使用筷子的 国家，用筷子吃饭已经有至 少 3000 年的历史了。筷子看起来很简单，只有两根小细棒，但它有很多功能，比如挑选，移动，夹，搅拌或 者挖。此外，它便于使用，价格便宜。而且筷子也是世界上独有的 餐具(tableware)。使用筷子的人，无论是中国人还是外国人，都无不钦佩筷子的发明者。

As the origin of chopsticks, China is the first country in the world to use chopsticks and has a history of at least 3,000 years to have meals with chopsticks.Chopsticks seems quite simple with only two small and thin sticks, but it is in possession of many functions, such as picking, moving, nipping, mixing and digging;moreover，it is convenient for use and cheap in price.Besides, chopsticks are also unique tableware in the world.Anyone using chopsticks，no matter Chinese or foreigners, would without exception admire the inventor of chopsticks.9.扇子

中国扇子的历史可以追溯到 3000 多年前的商朝(the Shang Dynasty)。第一种扇子叫作 “扇汗”（Shanhan),是拴在马车上用来 挡住强烈的阳光，给乘客遮雨的。“扇汗”有点像现在的雨伞。后来 “扇汗”变成了由薄但是结实的丝绸或者鸟的羽毛做成的长柄扇，称为中山扇（Zhangshan fan),它主要用于皇帝的仪仗(honour guard)装饰。

参考译文: The history of Chinese fan can be dated to over 3,000 years ago，around the Shang Dynasty.The first type of fan, known as Shanhan, was tied to a horse-drawn carriage to shut out the strong sunshine and shelter the passengers from the rainfall.The Shanhan was a bit like today’s umbrella.Later this Shanhan became a long-handled fan made of thin and tough silk or birds5 feathers, called a Zhangshan fan, which was mainly used by the emperor’s honour guard as decoration.10.中国茶

中国是茶的故乡。据说早在五六千年前，中国就有了茶树(tea-shrub),而且有关茶树的人类 文明可以追溯到两千年前。来自中国的茶和丝绸、瓷器(porcelain)—样，在 1000 年前为世界所知，而且一直是中国重要的出口产品。目前世界上 40 多个国家种植茶，其中亚 洲国家的产量占世界总产量的 90%。其他国家的茶树都直接或间接地起源于中国。

参考译文: China is the homeland of tea.It is believed that China has tea-shrubs as early as five to six thousand years ago，and human cultivation of tea pants can date back two thousand years.Tea from China，along with her silk and porcelain, began to be known the world over more than a thousand years ago and has since always been an important Chinese export.At present more than forty countries in the world grow tea with Asian countries producing 90% of the world’s total output.All tea trees in other countries have their origin directly or indirectly in China.11.丝绸之路

丝绸之路(the Silk Road)是历史上连接中国和地中海的一条重要 贸易路线。因为这条路上的 丝绸贸易占绝大部分，所以在 1877 年它 被德国的一位地理学家命名为“丝绸之路”。这条 古道从长安开始，经过河西走廊(the Hexi Corridor),到达敦煌后分成三条：南部路线，中部 路线和北部路线。这三条路遍布新疆维吾尔自治区(Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region)，然后扩展到巴基斯坦(Pakistan)，印度，甚至罗马。

参考译文: The Silk Road is a historically important international trade route between China and the Mediterranean.Because silk comprised a large proportion of trade along this road, in 1877, it was named the Silk Road by an eminent German geographer.This ancient road begins at Chang’an, then by way of the Hexi Corridor，and it reaches Dunhuang, where it divides into three, the Southern Route，Central Route and Northern Route.The three routes spread all over the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and then they extend as far as Pakistan, India and even Rome.12.经济水平多样化的中国

中国是一个文化、语言、风俗和经济水平都很多样化的地方。经济格局尤其多样化。大城市如北京，广州和上海是现代的，相对富裕的。然而，约 50%的中国人仍然生活在农村地区，尽管中国只有 10%的土地是可耕地(arable land)。数百万农村居民仍然依靠体力劳动或役畜(draft animal)耕作。两三百万农民迁到城镇寻找工作。一般来说，南部和东部沿海地区比内陆地区更富有，西部和北部，以及西南部是非常不发达的地区。参考译文: China is a very diverse place with large variations in culture, language, customs and economic levels.The economic landscape is particularly diverse.The major cities such as Beijing, Guangzhou and Shanghai are moden and comparatively wealthy.However, about 50% of Chinese still live in rural areas even though only 10% of China ’s land is arable.Hundreds of millions of rural residents still farm with manual labour or draft animals.Some 200 to 300 million former peasants migrated to townships and cities in search of work.Generally the southern and eastern coastal regions are wealthier while inland areas, the far west and north, and the southwest are much less developed.13.中国对外贸易

对于世界上很多国家来说，中国正迅速成为他们最重要的双边(bilateral)贸易伙伴。然而，中国和世界其他国家之间贸易不平衡的问题已经引发了关注。尤其是美国对中国的贸易赤字是最大的，达到了 3150 亿美元，这个数字是十年前的三倍还多。贸易纠纷(trade dispute)也越来越多，主要是关于倾销(dumping)、知识产权和人民币的估价。

参考译文: For many countries around the world, China is rapidly becoming their most important bilateral trade partner.However，there have been concerns over large trade imbalances between China and the rest of the world.The US in particular has the largest trade deficit in the world with China at $315 billion, more than three times what it was a decade ago.There have also been a growing number of trade disputes brought against, mainly for dumping, intellectual property and the valuation of the yuan.14.中国的假日

中国人民依法享受超过 115 天的假期，其中包括 104 天的周末和 11 天的节假日。中国一 年中有 7个法定假日，包括元旦(New Year’s Day),春节（Spring Festival),清明节（Qingming Festival), 五一劳动节(May Day)，端午节(Dragon Boat Festival),中秋节(Mid-Autumn Day)和国庆节(National Day)。员工有 5 至 15 天的带薪年假。学生和老师有大约三个月的寒暑假。在中国，暑假一般约在 7 月 1 日开始，8 月 31 日左右结束，寒假是根据春节的日期，通常是在 1 月或 2 月

参考译文: Chinese people legally enjoy over 115 days off including 104 days of weekends and 11 days of festivals.China has seven legal holidays in a year，including New Year’s Day, Spring Festival, Qingming Festival, May Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Day and National Day.Employees have 5 to 15 days of paid annual leave.Students and teachers have summer and winter vacations for about three months.The summer vacation in China generally starts around July 1st and ends around August 31st，and the winter vacation usually falls on January or February according to the date of the Spring Festival.15.信用卡

信用卡(credit card)是银行所创造出来的最便捷同时也是最危险 的信用工具。通过信用卡，人们可以先用银行付账的方式购买那些 负担不起的物品，同时，银行也将对此征收比 一般贷款要高的利率(interest rate)。遗憾的是，信用卡现巳成为资本主义体制(capitalist system)的重要组成部分，而该体制就得依赖消费(consumption)的持续增长。

Credit cards are one of the most convenient devices ever created by the banking system but, at the same time, one of the most dangerous.They allow people to buy things they，otherwise, couldn’t afford，with money created by the banks and, charged out at much higher interest rates than normal loans.Unfortunately, credit cards have become an essential part of the capitalist system which only survives on the continued growth in consumption.参考译文: 16.老龄化

根据全国老龄工作委员会(the China National Committee On Aging)的数据来看，到 2053 年，中国 60 岁及以上的老人数量预计 会从目前的 1.85 亿一跃变为 4.87 亿，或者说是占总人口 的 35%。扩张的比例是由于寿命的增加和计划生育政策(family planning policies)限制大部分城市家庭只生一个孩子。快速老龄化对社会和经济稳定 造成了严重威胁。

参考译文:The number of people aged 60 and above in China is expected to jump from the current 185 million to 487 million, or 35 percent of the population, by 2053，according to figures from the China National Committee On Aging.The expanding ratio is due both an increase in life expectancy and by family planning policies that limit most urban families to a single child.Rapid aging poses serious threats to the country’s social and economic stability.17.中国经济

自从 1978 年经济改革以来，中国已经完成了从中央计划经济(centrally planned economy)向 市场经济(market based economy)的转变。超过 6 亿人已经脱离了贫困，但是仍然有超过 1.7 亿人生活在 国际贫困线以下，每天少于 1.25 美元。2012 年，中国的人均 GDP 为 12405.67 美 元，这是 30 年前的 37 倍。到 2018 年，中国的人均 GDP 将从世界第 90 位上升到第 75 位。然而，这仍然是低于预计的世界平均水平。

参考译文: Since initiating market reforms in 1978，China has shifted from a centrally planned to a market based economy.More than 600 million citizens have been lifted out of poverty, but over 170 million people still live below the $1.25-a-day international poverty line.In 2012, China’s GDP(PPP)per capita was $12,405.67.This is 37 times higher than what it was just 30 years ago.By 2018，China’ s GDP per capita will climb from the 90th to 75th highest in the world.This however will still be below the forecasted world average.18.中国的保健食品

中国的保健食品（health food)市场首次出现于 20 世纪 80 年代。保健食品是指具有特定保 健功能或补充维生素或矿物质的食品。保 健食品适用于特定人群消费，具有调节人体功能 的效果，但不用于治疗疾病的目的。保健食品有两种。一种是具有特定保健功能的食品，另外一种是营养补充剂。

China’s health food market first emerged in the 1980s.Health food refers to food products which claim to have specific health functions or supplement one’s vitamins or minerals.Health food is suitable for the consumption by specific groups of people and has the effect of regulating human body functions, but is not used for the purpose of treating diseases.There are two kinds of health food.One is food with specific health functions, the other is nutritional supplements.19.成年子女必须探望父母的法律

这周颁布的一项新法律要求子女必须经常探望年龄超过 60 岁的 父母，并确保他们经济和精 神上的需求得到满足。星期二，新华社 报导了_条新闻，来自江苏市无锡市的一位 77 岁的老太太起诉她的女儿忽略她。这是新法律生效后的第一起案件，当地法院规定她的女儿至少每月探望母亲两次，并提供财力支持。但是这项法律引发了争议。有人说这给了那些因为工作、学习或者其他原因搬离家乡的人更多压力。参考译文: A new national law introduced this week requires the offspring of parents older than 60 to visit their parents “frequently” and make sure their financial and spiritual needs are met.On Tuesday, Xinhua reported a news that a 77-year-old woman from Jiangsu city of Wuxi sued her daughter for neglecting her.In the first case after the new law came into effect, the local court ruled that her daughter must visit her at least twice a month and provide financial support.But the law’s introduction has proved controversial.Some say it puts too much pressure on those who move away from home for work, study or other opportunities.20.中国游客出境游

联合国下属机构世界旅游组织(World Tourism Organization)公布的数据显示，中国游客对全 球旅游业的贡献最大。中国人去年花 在出境游上的支出膨胀至 1020 亿美元，同 2011 年相 比增长了 40%。联合国世界旅游组织在其网站上发布的一份声明中说，这一增幅令 中国 迅速超越德国和美国。后两者在之前是出境游支出最高的两个 国家。2012 年德美两国出境 旅游支出均同比增长 6%,约 840 亿美元。参考译文: The figures from the United Nations World Tourism Organization show that Chinese travelers are making the most contributions to the global tourism industry.Chinese travelers spent a record $102 billion on outbound tourism last year, a 40% rise from 2011.That surge sent China screaming past Germany and the U.S.— the former No.1 and No.2 spenders, respectively 一 which both saw tourist outlays increase 6% year-on-year to around $84 billion in 2012, the UNWTO said in a statement on its website.21.大学生就业问题

2008 全球经济衰退导致中国的新毕业生的就业市场显著下降。2009 年毕业的学生将加入到 2008 年毕业仍在找工作的 300 万学生之中。毕业生过剩(glut)也可以归因于大学入学率的提高和教育机构的增加。虽然大学的学生人数增加了，但是他们的质量并没有明显地提高。在大多数情况下，毕业生无法在 2008 年找到合适的就业机 会是因为他们没有行业所需的技能。

The 2008 global recession resulted in a significant drop in the job market for China’s new graduates.Students graduating in 2009 will join around three million students who graduated in 2008 and are still seeking job opportunities.The graduate glut can also be attributed to a rise in the number of college enrollments and educational institutions.Although the number of college students has increased, there has not been any significant improvement in their quality.In most cases, graduates were unable to find suitable employment in 2008 because they did not have the skills required by the industry.

第五篇：四级翻译练习

Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.（一）

1.Just do it_____________（尽自己最大努力）.2._____________（抽象意义上的语言）is our facility to talk to each other.3.We should pursue economic policies______________（根据国家利益）.4.We delayed our departure____________（由于暴风雨）.5.We had better_____________（趁天气暖和）by going for a walk this afternoon.（二）

1.Because she knew French, she______________（比我们有利）.2.Adults should________________（原谅孩子的无知）.3.You should_________（充分利用）.4.The river__________（冲破堤岸）.5.Please_____________________（将问题提出来）.（三）

1._______________________（如果发生火灾）, ring the alarm bell.2.______________________（在这种情况下）, I couldn’t go away.3.Your care-free nature often_____________（遇到钱的问题）.4.I will do it________________（如果你帮我）.5.You may___________（学一学）the classic school of photographers.（四）

1.We want our methods to be____________（最新的）.2.The naughty boy________________（以…为乐）pulling the cat’s tail.3.A little persistence_____________（发挥重要作用）between success and failure.4.That detail_____________（和…毫无关系）the main point of the article.5.The regulation doesn’t_____________（生效）until the first of March.（五）

1.The first signs of spring are______________（显而易见）.2.He finished the job__________________(但却损害了健康).3.We must____________（面对困难）manfully and accept the responsibilities of our actions.4.You can________________（随时找我们帮忙）whenever you have difficulties.5.__________________（你的梦想将会落空）if you don’t work on them.（六）

1.The substance does not dissolve in water___________________（不管是否加热）.2.Not only______________（他向我收费过高）；but he didn’t do a good repair job either.3.Your losses in trade this year are nothing_____________（与我的相比）.4.One average, it is said, visitors spend only_____________（一半的钱）in a day in Leeds as in London.5.By contrast, American mothers were more likely_____________（把孩子的成功归因于）natural1

talent.（七）

1.All universities______________（正在做好准备）for an increased intake of students.2.After her lost son was found, _____________（她破涕为笑）.3.He never ______________（追名逐利）.4.My mother wanted me to___________________（从事教育工作）.5.He has given up smoking__________________（永远的）.（八）

1.When he gets old, he will_________________（把公司交给儿子来经营）.2.His tastes are______________________（和我的相同）.3.We should serve the people__________________(全心全意的).4.___________________（要是他没有花这么多钱该多好）.5.The population of Africa is growing_____________(极其迅速).（九）

1.Without steady economic development, it is impossible to meet the people basic needs in life, _______________(更别提)protect the ecosystem and environment.2.You are____________(自由的)to leave at any time you want.3.____________________（鉴于国际局势的变化）, the Chinese government wishes to share with the governments of other countries some of its basic views concerning the establishment of a new international order.4.This new discovery ____________（有助于说明这个问题）.5.We must never______________(辜负)our parents’ trust and expectation.(十)

1.Her beauty cannot_________________________（弥补她的愚蠢）.2.The ship was ____________________（任凭波涛的摆布）.3.We ought to___________________（充分利用时间）.4.Being a professional actor_____________(必定)means working nights and Sundays.5._______________________(既然我们学完了这门课程)，we shall start doing more revision.（十一）

1.Men like that never____________________（冒险尝试）.2.He had not yet attempted to_________________________(把他的理论付诸实践).3.She answered these embarrassing questions__________________（镇定自若）.4._________________（关于）what we did last month I would like to read you this letter

received.5.When defeat is _____________（不可避免）, nothing matters.