第一篇：广东省汕头市2010-2011学年高一下学期教学质量检测化学试题(答案)
汕头市2010~2011学年度普通高中教学质量监测
■选择题（46分）
一、1.A2.B3.B4.D5.D6.B7.A8.B9.A10.C（各3分）
二、11.A C12.A D13.B D14.B C（各4分，多选、错选不得分，选一个且正确得2分）■非选择题（54分）
（方程式中化学式错不给分，反应条件或“↑、↓”符号其中有一或几项错误合计，扣1分）
三、（37分）
15.（8分）⑴ Cl2 + 2NaOH == NaCl + NaClO+ H2O
△⑵ 4HNO3(浓)+ CCO2↑+4NO2↑+ 2H2O
△CaCl⑶ 2NH4Cl+Ca(OH)22+2NH3↑+ 2H2O
⑷ SiO2 + 4HF = SiF4↑+2H2O（各2分）
16．（10分）（A）（1）NaAlO2、AlCl3、Al(OH)3（各1分）
（2）冶炼金属铝的原料或做耐火材料（坩埚等）（1分）
（3）三，ⅢA（2分）
（4）Al2O3 + 2OH＝ 2AlO2+ H2O（2分）； 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O＝ 2NaAlO2 + 3H2↑（2分）
（B）（1）CH2＝CH2催熟剂（2分）（2）加成反应酯化反应（2分）
（3）2CH3CH2OH + O22CH3CHO +2H2O（2分）Cu
CH3CH2OH+ CH3COOHCH3COOCH2CH3 +H2O（2分 △ －－ △ 浓H2SO4
（4）加饱和碳酸钠溶液，充分振荡、静置、分层，然后分液，取上层液体即可。（2分）
17．（10分）（1）①（A）不能，（B）可以（2分）
②（A）的反应是非氧化还原反应，没有电子转移（1分）
（2）①负极：Zn–2e = Zn（2分）正极：Cu + 2e= Cu（2分）
②略（装置图画正确、标明电极材料名称即锌片与铜片、电解液为CuSO4溶液，各1分）（3分）
18.（9分）（1）40、30、>（3分）
（2）快，升高温度，反应速率加快（1+2=3分）
（3）实验4，实验4中A反应的程度大，反应的物质的量多（1+2=3分）
四、（12分）
19．（1）②④①③（4分,各1分）
（2）Mg+2H2O== Mg(OH)2+H2 ↑（2分）
（3）Na、Mg、Al的金属活动性顺序由强到弱（2分）
（4）减小、增强、减弱、金属活动性（4分，各1分）
-2+ 2+-
第二篇：广东省汕头市2014-2015学年高二下学期普通高中教学质量检测英语试题.
汕头市2014-2015学高二教学质量监测试题
英语
注意事项：
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项 并在题卡上将该项涂黑。
A Donald had his own difficulties in sleeping that night.Not just because of the bright lights of the shelter or people’s constant voices, it was the happening repeatedly nightmare that caused him to stay awake, to fear sleep.Donald was back in his small house.He did his best to ignore the howling winds outside his window.Yet he could not turn out the fearful whimpers(呜咽)of his little dog, or the uncomfortable sounds of his mother anxious in her room next door, unable to sleep through the storm despite her insistence they would be all right.Donald did not want his mother to be upset, but on some level, he was glad to hear she was awake.It meant he was not alone in the dark.Though he was 12, until recently it was impossible for Donald to fall asleep unless his mother lay down by his side.Suddenly there was a crash.Their living room window was shattered(打碎)by 125 miles an hour winds.Troy rushed to Donald and sat anxiously on the edge of his bed.He did his best to calm his mother, and she had to comfort him.Soon water was seeping(渗入)into the single floor house.Quickly it rose from ankle level to leg level.At Donald’s insistence, they pushed their way through the water---now chest high---toward the front door.When they fought their way into the living room, water rose to their chins.It was a struggle for the boy and the mother to stay afloat.In a total panic, desperate to hold on to something, Troy caught a curtain rod.She was breathing hard, shouting that she couldn’t swim.cried out, “Mom!Hold on!” Just then Donald also caught a floatable wood board.1.The passage is mainly about.A.how a storm happened and caused damage B.how a mother and son experienced a storm C.how a mother and son survived a storm D.how a son helped his mother in a storm 2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the story? A.The rising water.C.The lucky dog.B.The broken window.D.The noisy environment.3.What will the author most probably talk about next? A.How the other people struggled in the storm B.Why the rainstorm happened C.What damage the rainstorm caused D.How Donald and Troy struggled to save themselves
B Sydney—A shark savaged a schoolboy’s leg while he was surfing with his father at a beach in Sydney on February 23.It was the third shark attack along the coast of Australia’s largest city in a month.The 15-year-old boy and his father were in the water off Avalon, on Sydney’s northern beaches, around dawn when he was attacked.The city’s beaches are packed with locals and tourists during the summer months.“The father heard a scream and turned to see his son thrashing(激烈扭动)about in the water,” police said.“Fortunately, the shark swam away and the boy was helped to the shore by his father.”
Lifesaving Club spokesman Nick Miller said, “It got him around the top of his left leg and the father came and dragged him out of water.” He said the boy was bleeding heavily when he was brought to the shore.“There was a lot of pain, as you can imagine.” The teenager was airlifted to hospital for treatment for leg injuries.Police said the bites “cut through to the bone”, but the boy did not appear
to have sustained any fractures(骨折).He was in a stable condition now.Several beaches were closed after the attack.Water police and lifeguards were searching for the shark, while police hoped to identify its species by the shape of the bite marks.But they said it was too early to say what type of shark attacked the boy.“I don’t even know if he saw it,” Miller said.Many shark species live in the waters off Sydney’s beaches, but attacks on humans are still relatively rare.However, there were two attacks on successive days earlier this month, one on a navy diver in Sydney harbor, not far from the famous Opera House, and the other on a surfer at the city’s world-famous Bondi beach.Fishermen say shark numbers are on the rise.There is a ban on commercial fishing in the harbor, which has increased fish stocks.Marine experts also claim environmental protection has created a cleaner environment, attracting sharks closer to the shore as they chase fish.Many shark species are protected in Australian waters.4.The report mainly tells us ________.A．shark attacks on humans are on the rise B．sharks attacked humans three times in one month C．a boy was attacked by a shark at a Sydney beach D．shark numbers are increasing in the waters off Sydney’s beaches 5.What do we know about the city of Sydney from the passage? A．It is one of the largest cities in Australia.B．Sydney harbor is not far from the famous Opera House.C．There are many locals and tourists on its coast all the year round.D．There are few shark species in the waters off Sydney’s beaches.6.About the injury of the boy we know that________.A．he was losing much blood when he was dragged out B．he was very nervous when he was sent to hospital C．he may be in danger of losing his leg D．he was injured in the right leg 7.All the following are the causes of Australia’s sharks’ increasing except that___.．environmental protection has created a cleaner environment B．a ban on commercial fishing has increased fish numbers C．many shark species are protected in Australian waters D．the film Jaws has made the Great White famous
C Eat nuts, live longer.Researchers have found that those who eat a handful of peanuts every day significantly decrease their risk of dying from all causes compared to those who do not eat nuts.A new study concludes that all types of nuts seem to be protective.Researcher Ying Bao is with the Department of Medicine at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard University Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts.She and her colleagues looked at the impact of nut consumption by analyzing two huge studies that began in 1980----the Nurses’ Health Study, which tracks the well-being of more than 76,000 women, and 42,000 men enrolled in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study.Among the questions asked at the beginning of the studies was, “how frequently do you eat nuts?”The information was updated every two to four years.Bao says the participants were followed for three decades.“What we observed is that people who eat more nuts are less likely to die over the next 30 years,” said Bao.“So, for example, if a person eats nuts once per day, that person has a 20 percent lower risk of dying.”
Bao says eating a handful of nuts five or more times per week is associated with a 29 percent reduced risk of dying from heart disease and an 11 percent lower risk of cancer death.A serving size is 28 grams.Nuts contain nutrients, including high quality proteins, vitamins and minerals, all of which have anti-cancer effects and may help protect the heart.Bao says researchers are planning studies to find out how nuts are beneficial to human health.The study on the health benefits of nuts was funded by the International Tree Nut Council Research and Education Foundation.8.People who often eat nuts ________.are more likely to live longer than people who often eat fruits B.don’t need to go to hospital
C.may live longer than people who don’t eat nuts D.don’t have to do sports
9.The underlined word “well-being” in Paragraph 2 shares the same meaning as “________”.A.illness
B．health
C．diet
D．habit 10.About Bao’s research, which statement is true? A.She has done the research by herself.B.Her research was based on two studies.C.Her research lasted about three years.D.People should eat all kinds of nuts every day.11.The passage is most probably from a journal of ___________.A.entertainment
B．diet
D Driving a car is not just handling controls and judging speed and distance.It requires you to predict what other road users will do and get ready to react to something unexpected.When alcohol is consumed, it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depressant(抑制药), damaging eyesight, judgment and co-ordination(协调), slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.Even below the drink driving link, driving will be affected.Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain.Absorption(吸收)rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice.To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.The present Road Traffic Ordinance states clearly that the limit of alcohol concentration is: ● 50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of blood;or ● 22 micrograms of alcohol per 100ml of breath;or
．sports D．science ● 67 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of urine(尿液).Drivers who cause traffic accidents, or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested.Any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged.The driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of HK $25,000 and be sentenced to up to 3 years in prison and punished for 10 driving-offence points;or temporarily banned from driving.The same punishment applies to failing to provide specimens(样本)for breath, blood or urine tests without good excuse.Drink driving is a criminal offence.Be a responsible driver, think before you drink.For the safety of yourself and other road users, never drive after consuming alcohol.12.The first paragraph is mainly about ________.A.the introduction of driving skills C.the effect of drinking on driving absorbed 13.The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “________”.A.alcohol B.absorption
C.blood
D.process
B.the damage of drinking to your body D.the process of alcohol being 14.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.Drinking below the drink driving limit has no effect on driving.B.Alcohol is taken in more quickly when drunk with fruit juice.C.Having a cup of tea helps to get rid of alcohol from the body.D.50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of breath is below the drink limit.15.A driver suspected of drink driving ________.A.should provide specimens for testing B.will be forbidden to drive for 3 years C.will be punished for 10 driving-offence points D.should pay a maximum fine of HK $25,000 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10 分）
据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Socialization is a big thing for college students and it is common to feel a little uncomfortable going into a situation where everyone is a stranger.You may probably miss your friends from high school.16 College is a great opportunity to make new lifelong friends.The question is: how? ※ Get to know your roommate.You may find you have lots of things in common with your roommate, but even if you are completely different from each other, with a little effort and understanding the two of you may become best friends.※ 17 If you leave your door open, this shows that you welcome visitors.As a result people will naturally stop in and say hello.Closed doors are not likely to bring many visitors and those who stay locked up in their rooms may give others the impression of being cold.Other students will be less likely to stop in and build a new friendship.※ Join clubs or organizations.Getting involved in organized socialization is a great way to meet new people.18 By staying active in college groups such as clubs and organizations you can meet lots o people with whom you share common interest.※ Talk to classmates.19 Starting conversations in class is a great opportunity to meet people who are interested in the same kind of studies as you are.Short friendly discussions can build lifelong friendship.※ Try out for a sport.If you’re athletic, trying out for a sport will do for you the same thing that joining a club will do.20 A.Close the door to keep away from theft.Hang a welcome sign on your dorm room.C.It also helps you get more familiar with the campus.D.Your roommate is the first person you will have close contact with.E.You will instantly meet a large group of people who share your interests in sports.F.Get to know your classmates as you’ll be spending several months with them.G.Trying actively to find new friends can help ease the feelings of being lonely.第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入
空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The day I was given the news was a cold Saturday.My mom sat me on the floor and opened her mouth to give me the most 21 words I'd ever heard: “Grandma Billie has been 22 with cancer.” Tears filled my eyes 23.Mom continued, “Grandma is old and her body is too 24.There’s nothing they can do to treat her.” I knew this wasn't my mom’s fault but I was so 25.I was almost yelling at my mom, “So, they’re just going to let her 26 ?”
We had to just wait for her to die.I couldn't even 27 the thought.We went to the hospital right away.The doctor said, “Billie has a tumor in her 28.She won't be able to 29 because it hurts her too much.One 30 is a feeding tube, but there are times when it will be uncomfortable.” At the end, the doctor sighed, “With a feeding tube, she would probably have three 31 at most.”
My whole family on my mom’s side was really 32 and they were all looking to God to make this easy.I couldn't handle it.If God was so wonderful and so 33 then why did he allow all these awful things to happen to good people? Why was he letting my grandma die? I came and visited every day after 34 practice.Grandma would tell me the 35 stories over and over again, but every time I was just as surprised and excited to hear them.She was getting 36 really fast and every time I came to see her it broke my 37 more.weeks later, after the softball practice, I was getting ready to see grandma when mom appeared in the locker room.She opened her mouth but 38 any words came out.She 39 again, “You can’t go to see grandma today because she just died.” Silence.I couldn’t 40 anyone else in the room.Mom sat next to me and we both held each other and cried.21.A.unforgettable uncomfortable 22.A.cured
B.carried
C.diagnosed
D.treated
B.regretful
C.painful
D.23.A.finally 24.A.weak 25.A.sad 26.A.pass 27.A.bear 28.A.skin 29.A.feed
B.immediately C.deliberately
C.pale C.desperate C.go C.take
D.apparently B.small D.thin D.anxious D.die B.mad
B.suffer B.hate
D.dismiss
D.lung D.digest
D.reason
B.breast B.eat B.goal
C.throat C.breathe C.advantage C.days 30.A.choice 31.A.years
B.months B.religious B.peaceful B.school B.strange B.older
D.hours
D.cautious 32.A.ambitious 33.A.delightful 34.A.softball 35.A.short
C.mysterious
C.pitiful D.powerful
D.music
C.social C.dull
D.same
D.worse 36.A.happier 37.A.body
C.better
B.mind C.life D.heart
D.merely 38.A.eventually 39.A.tried 40.A.see
B.repeatedly B.said B.sense
C.hardly
C.cried D.opened
D.feel C.hear
第II卷
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
68-year-old retired engineer, Roger Wilday, 41(walk)his dog Jade in a Birmingham city park, he never imagined his dog would lead him to a newborn baby girl 42 had been abandoned inside 43 blanket.According to Mail Online, Wilday told 44(report), “Jade has grown up with children around her, she loves babies and when she found the baby in the bushes she wouldn’t leave 45 he knew I had seen it.” Wilday was astonished by the 46(discover), and said he believed the baby was just a few hours old since she was still warm.Wilday called immediately and within minutes, police and an ambulance arrived.Police took the blanket and sent it to be processed for DNA.They hope the test result will help identify the baby’s parents.The infant, now 47(know)as “Baby Jade”, was named 48 her four-legged hero rescuer.“She is a hero dog,” said Wilday.“There 49(be)no one else in the park at the time and it was very cold.But for Jade, that baby might have been dead.”
The baby was found in good health and is expected 50(make)a full recovery.第三部分写作（共两节；满分35）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文 中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Two days before, our school had an opening ceremony in the school auditorium.All the teachers and students as well as some famous scientists and government official attended to the ceremony.Our principal made a speech, in which he hope everybody in our school will make the greatest efforts and make even more progress in the new term.At the ceremony, excellent students were present with prizes and our principal also announced that some honour students had won medals in various competitions, who is the pride of our school.Eventually a famous scientist told the students about
their learning experience and what he achieves success in his research work.So moving was I by what he said that I made up my mind to learn him and study harder in the new term.笫二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假设你是李华，你所在的学校拟在下周三举办一场地震知识讲座。请你根据以下内容要点给著名地质学家张教授写一封短信，邀请他给学生做这次讲座。信的内容包括： 讲座目的：提高同学们处理突发事件的能力和自救的能力； 讲座内容：了解地震的一般知识以及地震中逃生的知识；
讲座时间：共两个小时，包括1小时30分钟的讲座和30分钟的问答环节 注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.参考词汇： 互动 interaction
Dear Professor Zhang，Yours faithfully，Li H
第一部分 阅读理解（共20 小题;每小题2分，满分40分）
1-5 BCDCB 6-10 ADCBB 11-15 BCDBA 16-20 GBCFE 第二部分： 英语知识运用
第一节：完形填空（共20 小题;每小题2分，满分40分）21-40 CCBAB DACBA
BBDAD
DDCAC 第二节：（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）41.walked/ was walking until/unless 46.discovery 47.known 48.after 49.was 50.to make 第三部分：写作
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
Two days before, our school had an opening ceremony in the school auditorium.All the ago teachers and students as well as some famous scientists and government official attended to the officials ceremony.Our principal made a speech, in which he hope everybody in our school will make hopes the greatest efforts and make even more progress in the new term.At the ceremony, excellent
students were present with prizes and our principal also announced that some honour students presented had won medals in various competitions, who is the pride of our school.Eventually a famous which
44.reporters 45.scientist told the students about their learning experience and what he achieves success in his his how research work.So moving was I by what he said that I made up my mind to learn ∧him and moved from study harder in the new term.第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
Dear Professor Zhang, Our school is planning to have a lecture on how to survive in an earthquake next Wednesday and I’m writing to invite you to come and give a talk on earthquake safety tips.It will help equip us with knowledge about the signs of a coming earthquake, and improve our ability to deal with emergencies, thus saving ourselves effectively when an earthquake breaks out.Do you think one and a half hours will be enough for such a lecture? Besides, can a 30 minutes’ interaction be added after the lecture? Please let me know as soon as possible so that I can make arrangements.I’m looking forward to seeing you again and enjoying the lecture.Yours faithfully，Li Hua
第三篇：广东省汕头市2013-2014学年下学期期末考试 高一语文参考答案
2014年汕头市高中学年质量监测
高一语文参考答案
1、A háng/xíngcù/shǔzhàn/jiànào/nìu(B.sāng/sàngjuébócuìC.zhuàn/chuánguànsuǐ/suízhuó/zhàoD.méng/mángchàn/zhànyàn/yīnchuàng)
2、D（“法治”是指依照法律治理国家，可以搭配“建设成果”；“法制”是法律制度的简称，一般比较注重宣传。“偶尔”是副词，只能放在谓语前，本题应用形容词“偶然”。“振动”指物体有规律来回运动；“震动”指受外力而颤动，可以用于抽象意义，本题应该用“震动”。
3、B（“冠冕堂皇”一般用来修饰“理由、借口”，这里应该是“堂而皇之”）
4、C（A.“中国公民人身和财产损失”应是“中国公民人身伤亡和财产损失”；B.主语是“北京球迷”，不能搭配后面的“吸引了社会各阶层的积极参与”，应该是“这个公益活动吸引了社会各阶层的积极参与”；
D.缺主语，去掉“由于”。）
5、D（⑤④⑥是举例，必须排在一起；③是结论，放在最后。）
6、C（造次是“仓促”“急遽紧迫”之意）
7、A（B.于是：古义是“实行仁德”，今义，表顺接的连词。C.成人：古义是“完美的人”，今义指的是成年人。D.所以：古义是“言行的动机”，今义是表因果的连词。）
8、A 都是语气副词“或许”。（B.连词，表并列/连词，表转折；C.结构助词，取消句子独立性/代词，代知识道理；D.介词，“用”/连词，表修饰。）
9、B 和例句一样是介宾结构后置。（A.主谓倒装，C.宾语前置，D.定语后置）
10、B “经常想着自己比不上别人的地方”错，应是“经常想着谦逊地对待他人”。
②不知句子停顿要问老师，不能解决疑惑却不愿问老师（定语后置的句式1分，调整句子顺序1分）；小的方面学习了（1分）大的却丢了。③对于巫医、乐师、各种工匠这些（1分）人，君子不屑一提（1分），现在他们的智慧竟然（1分）反而比不上这些人了，这真是奇怪啊！
12、（1）伤离别动作描写/神态描写心理描写
（2）①情景交融的手法，作者通过对“冷落清秋节”的景物的描写，来寄寓自己与友人分别的离愁别绪。（2分）②虚实结合的手法，诗人既描写眼前离别时的景象，又想象离别后的场景，虚实结合写出离愁的难以排遣。（2分）
13、补写出下列名句名篇中的空缺部分。（6分，每句1分）
（1）羁鸟恋旧林守拙归园田。
（2）耳得之而为声，目遇之而成色。
（3）故木受绳则直，金就砺则利
14、①历经苦难（1分）但还总想着帮助他人（1分）。②受到质疑侮辱（1分）仍然坚持做公益（1分）。
（写出善良、坚强、执着可各得1分）
15、①“补心匠”是全文的线索，也是小敏美好心灵的一个见证者。（2分）②“一个中年男人”的蛮横无理反衬出小敏对公益活动的坚持。（2分）③“两位大婶”的对话侧面描写出小敏不幸童年和她的善良。（2分）
16、前两段不会多余。（1分）①写孩子们的心灵脆弱容易受伤，是为了衬托出姑娘小敏受尽伤害依然坚强的美好心灵。（2分）②写孩子们需要补心匠的修补才能恢复天真，与结尾小敏不需要修补，心已变成闪亮的钻石形成对比，突出小敏的成熟和坚强。（2分）（如果能答出与小敏形成对比得1分，指出两处对比得2分，点出小敏的坚强成熟得1分。如果答前两段多余，根据内容的合理性，在0—3分之间打分。）
17、①指的是叶劲捐献的心脏（1分）。②指的是叶劲家人的爱心（1分）。③指的是社会各界对这件事的关心以及提供的热心帮助（2分）。
18、①体现心脏移植这件事情本身在时间上的紧迫性。（2分）②表现出各方面在这场生命接力中所作出的争分夺秒的努力。（2分）③突出新闻文体的时效性和真实性。（2分）
19、最后一部分不是画蛇添足（1分）。①正是有了叶家的无私捐献，才有小包的第二次生命，叶家虽然不是这次新闻事件的主角，却是这场生命接力的最大功臣。②心脏移植成功，及时告知遗体捐献者的家属，并让两家人的故事有个后续，这才是有人情味的圆满。③在最后补写叶劲捐献遗体的过程，强调叶劲的遗体挽救了四条命，赞美了叶劲一家的大爱，也是对遗体捐献事业的一种大力宣传。（三点，答对一点2分，答出任两点即可。如果答最后一部分画蛇添足，根据内容的合理性，在0—3分之间打分。）
20、示例一：老爷爷，给您让座是我应该做的，能得到您的表扬我很受鼓励，谢谢您的红包！
示例二：老爷爷，让座只是小事一桩，无需挂齿，您的心意我领了，红包请您收起来吧。
（称呼得体1分，运用“您”1分，清晰表明接受或拒绝1分，接受或拒绝的理由1分）
21、①阅读，可以让我们看得更远。（点出阅读或读书1分，与望远镜功能有关1分）②来一场飞扬身心的阅读之旅吧！（点出阅读或读书1分，与愉悦快乐有关1分）
22、参照高考作文评分标准
第四篇：2013-2014学年广东省汕头市高一下学期期末地理试卷
汕头市 2013—2014 学普通高中教学质量监测
高一地理
本卷共100分，考试时间90分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号分别填写在答题卡上，用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡上，并在答题卡右上角的“试室号”和“座位号”栏填写试室号、座位号，将相应的试室号、座位号信息点涂黑。
2．单项选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答卷前必须先填好答题纸的密封线内各项内容。答案必须写在答题纸上各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．考生必须保持答题卡、答题纸的整洁，考试结束后，将答题卡、答题纸一并交回。第Ⅰ卷选择题(共60分)
一、单项选择题(本大题共有30小题，每小题2分，共60分。在每小题所列四个选项中，只有一项最符合题目要求。)
第20届世界杯于2014年6月12日—7月14日，在巴西举行，请回答1～2题。
1．揭幕战于当地时间 6 月 12 日 17:00 时(区时)，在巴西圣保罗(46º38´W；23º33´S)打响，此时北京时间为
A．6 月 12 日上午B．6 月 12 日下午C．6 月 13 日凌晨D．6 月 13 日下午2．世界杯期间，汕头市的昼长变化为A．一直变长
B．一直变短
C．先变短再变长
D．先变长后变短
日全食是太阳光球完全被月亮遮住，原本明亮的太阳圆盘被黑色的月球阴影遮盖的现象。右图为日全食照片，据此回答3～4题。
3．图中太阳被遮挡的发光部分是太阳的A．光球层B．色球层
C．日冕层D．光球层与色球层4．发生在光球层的太阳活动有A．黑子
B．耀斑
C．太阳风D．黑子、耀斑
读内蒙古地区年降水量分布图（单位：毫米），回答5～ 6题。
5．图中沙地年降水量数值可能是A．420 毫米
B．370 毫米
C．320 毫米D．270 毫米
6．影响该地区年降水量分布基本格局的首要因素是A．地势起伏B．距海远近
C．植被状况D．人类活动右图为2012年8月23日某种天气系统控制下形成的卫星云图照片。结合所学知识，回答7～8
35030 250400
000 2
5大
安岭沙地
第1页
题
7．影响甲地的天气系统是A．冷锋C．高压A．北风C．南风
B．暖锋D．低压
B．西北风D．东南风
甲
8．此时，汕头的风向是
右图为福建省南碇岛“规则多边形玄武岩石柱群”景
观图，读图回答9～10题
9．形成“玄武岩”的主要地质作用是A．变质作用C．海浪侵蚀
B．岩浆活动D．风化作用
10．导致沿岸许多石柱折断倒伏的最主要地质作用是A．风力侵蚀 B．流水侵蚀 C．海浪侵蚀D．风化作用右图为我国某个古镇景观图，读图回答11～12题11．该古镇位于我国的A．长江三角洲B．云贵高原C．青藏高原D．华北平原
12．古镇中多数小桥为拱型设计，据此推断该镇当时A．便于排泄洪水C．建桥材料丰富
B．船为主要交通工具D．濒临海洋
下图是我国某地区典型植物示意图，这种植物高度不足50 cm，但根系却在20 m以上。据此回答13～14题。
13．根据地理环境的整体性，该植物生长的地区最有可能是
A．①B．②C．③D．④
①②③④14．其生长地区在可持续发展中，面临的主要环境问题是A．荒漠化B．能源紧缺读下表完成15～16题。
C．水土流失D．洪涝灾害
A．美国A．美国
B．德国B．德国
C．印度C．印度
15D．日本D．日本
16．表中国家人口老龄化最严重的是读模拟人口迁移示意图，完成3～4题。17．属于国际人口迁移的有A．②③C．④⑤A．经济因素
B．③④D．②⑤B．政治因素
18．改革开放以来，导致我国人口大规模迁移的主要因素是C．生态环境因素
D．社会文化因素
下图为欧洲西部大不列颠岛农业地域类型分布示意图，读图完成19～21题。19．图中所示风带是
A．东北信风带 B．盛行西风带 C．东南信风带D．极地东风带
20．M 所在地区农业发达的自然条件是 A．市场广阔B．光照充足
C．海上交通便利
D．气候温和湿润
21．M 地的自然带是
A．亚热带常绿阔叶林带B．亚热带常绿硬叶林带C．温带落叶阔叶林带
D．温带草原带
某年初冬，鄱阳湖中水量极少，大面积的河滩、草洲显露，成为天然的牧牛场(见下图)。据此 完成22～23题。
．22从水循环环节分析，枯水期时鄱阳湖湖面萎缩的主要原因是
A
．地表径流汇入减少B．湖水下渗增加C．地下径流流出增加D．湖面蒸发增大
23．下列有利于鄱阳湖湿地保护的措施是A．退耕还牧
B．围湖造田
C．退田还湖
读右图完成24～25题。24．图中反映的主要环境问题是A．全球变暖C．水体污染
B．臭氧层空洞D．水资源短缺
B．各地降水增多
º
º
D ． 禁止捕鱼
25．图中反映的环境问题会造成全球A．高山雪线上升
C．酸雨危害加剧D．陆地面积增大右图为甲乙两类工业生产成本比例示意图。完成第26～27
原料运费产品 运费
(%)
题。
26．图中甲类工业生产成本比例最大的是
Ａ．原料运费Ｂ．产品运费Ｃ．工资投入Ｄ．科技投入
80
Ｂ．纺织工业
27．甲工业最可能是Ａ．钢铁工业
科技投入工资投入
Ｃ．微电子工业Ｄ．农产品加工
28．下列工业部门中属于乙类工业的是Ａ．印刷工业
29．影响该地钢铁工业布局的主要因素是A．燃料
B．原料
C．市场
C．劳动力成本低
30．在该工业地域内布局汽车、造船等工厂，其优势主要是A．环境承载力大
B．铁矿资源丰富
D．劳力
甲乙
其它诸项
Ｄ．电子装配工业
Ｂ．水产品加工业Ｃ．航天工业
下图为我国东部沿海某港口城市的一工业地域示意图。读图完成29～30题。
煤炭 铁矿
D．生产协作便利
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题(共40分)
二、综合题本大题共2小题，满分40分。
31．(20 分)请根据图中的有关信息，完成下列各题。
(1)图中城市最初形成的主要区位条件是________（河流、矿产资源）。该城市未来将向东北方向扩展，试从交通、河流等方面分析这一变化的主要原因。（6 分）
(2)A、B、C 三处最适宜建高级住宅区的是。判断理由是。（6 分）
(3)随着城市经济的发展，拟在①、②处分别新建化工厂和自来水厂。请根据所学知识完成下表。（8 分）
32．(20分)读泰国有关材料，回答问题材料一：泰国地形图(图甲)。材料二：泰国约有
6300
万人口，其人口分布概况见图乙。
材料三：曼谷气象资料
（图丙)。
图甲
图乙图丙
(1)泰国地势特点为。(2 分)
(2)从河流的开发利用上看，湄南河上游适合发展，下游适合发展(4 分)(3)曼谷最高气温出现在月，简述该月气温高的主要原因。(6 分)
(4)泰国人口主要沿分布，其中人口最集中的地区是。分析清迈成为泰国第二大城市的区位因素。(8 分)
汕头市2014年普通高中高一教学质量测评参考答案和评分标准
一、单项选择题(共60分)
二、综合题(共40分)31．（20分）
地理
(1)河流东北方向有新建的铁路及高速公路，交通条件好；有河流经过，用水方便，水运便利。（6分）
(2)B环境优美；靠近文化教育区；位于河流上游；距工业区远等。（6分）(3)（8分）
32．(20分)
(1)北高南低(2分)(2)水电航运(4分)
(3)4太阳直射北半球，曼谷地区纬度低，太阳高度较大；4月份曼谷降水少，大气对太阳辐射的削弱作用小，因此气温高。(6分)
(4)河湄南河三角洲(下游)(4分)清迈位于海拔较高的北部山区，气温凉爽；位于河流沿岸，交通和用水便利；地处内陆地区受洪涝、台风等灾害影响小。（任答1点得2分，满分4分)z
第五篇：广东省汕头市金山中学2012-2013学年高一下学期期末考试政治试题
汕头市金山中学2012-2013学年高一下学期期末考试
政治试题
一.单项选择题（每题2分，共30题60分）
1.出席十二届全国人大一次会议的代表来自工人、农民、解放军战士和港澳台同胞。这表明在我国
A.民主权利的广泛性B.民主主体的广泛性
C.社会主义民主是全民的民主D.我国民主的真实性
2.出席十二届全国人大一次会议的人大代表由各省直辖市和港澳台人大代表选举产生，这种选举有利于 ①使每个选民都有表达自己意愿的机会，选出自己心目中最值得信赖的当家人 ②在选民较多，分布较广的情况下使用 ③充分考虑当选者结构的合理性 ④为选民行使选举权提供选择的余地 ⑤在被选举人之间形成相应的竞争
A.②④⑤B.②③④C.③④⑤D.①②③
3.温总理在十二届人大一次会议《政府工作报告》中，结合过去十年特别是近五年工作的体会，对今年政府主要工作提出几条建议，其中建议三是以保障和改善民生为重点，全面提高人民物质文化生活水平。这从根本上说明
A.我国政府是为人民服务的政府B.我国是人民民主专政的社会主义国家
C.政府是由人民直接选举产生的D.人民享有广泛的政治权利和自由
4.近年来，我国公益性社区社会组织蓬勃发展。它们积极组织本社区居民开展自我管理，解决了不少“麻烦事”。社区社会组织的建立和发展
A．丰富了基层民主自治的内涵B．有效制约和监督了政府的权力
C．加强了基层政权组织的建设D．开辟了公民管理国家的新途径
5.温总理在第十二届全国人民代表大会第一次会议上，代表国务院向大会作最后一次政府工作报告，提请大会审议表决。这表明
①政府要对人大负责，受人大监督②人大和政府之间是领导与被领导、监督与被监督的关系③坚持民主集中制的原则④一切国家机关都由人大产生，对人大负责⑤人大行使监督权和决定权
A.①③⑤B.②④⑤C.①②③D.②③④
6．2008年的中国经历了太多的悲怆和喜悦。在中国共产党领导下，全体人民用坚韧、勇敢、智慧向世界展示了令人震撼的民族力量。这表明中国共产党
①是中国特色社会主义事业的领导核心②坚持依法行政、公正司法
③坚持全心全意为人民服务的宗旨④坚持以人为本、执政为民
A．①②③B．②③④C．①②④D．①③④
7.建于1865年（清同治四年），具有“晚清南方民居标本”“建筑迷宫”之称的湖南沈家大屋，虽然被公布为省级文物保护单位，但因年久失修，四处倒塌。2012年11月25日，12位专家学者联名向该省政府建议抢救。这里的专家联名建议
A.是通过信访举报制度行使民主监督权B.是通过社情民意反映制度参与民主决策
C.是通过专家咨询制度参与民主决策D.表明专家学者们履行义务的意识不断增强
8.公民依法享有的选举权是指
A．选举一切国家机关领导人的权利B．选举国家权力机关代表的权利
C．依法投票的权利D．选举全国人大代表的权利
9.国家是经济上占统治地位的阶级进行阶级统治的工具。这表明国家的根本属性是
A．阶级性B．广泛性C．真实性D．社会性
10.下列关于民主与专政关系说法不正确的是
A民主是专政的基础，专政是民主的保障B.统治阶级的民主意味着对被统治阶的专政
C 对一定阶级既实现民主又实行专政D.民主和专政相辅相成，互为前提
11.襄阳市发改委就水价调整举行听证会。消费者代表提出要兼顾中低收入者的实际情况，最终初拟的综合价格上调40%改为上调25%。如果给这则消息拟写一个新闻标题，最佳的是
A．行使基本民主权利，建言献策B．自觉接受民主监督，倾听民意
C．集中专家智慧，科学决策D．听证于民，决策利民
12．在2012年下半年起新一届区县、乡镇人大代表选举中，各地选举委员会组织代表候选人与选民见面，由代表候选人介绍本人情况，回答选民的问题。候选人从“纸上”走到选民面前，接受选民的“面试”，这一变化
①尊重了选民的知情权，扩大了选民的选举权利②可以帮助选民充分了解候选人，作出符合心意的选择③扩大了直接选举的范围，彰显了民主政治的进步④可以帮助候选人收集社情民意，更好地履行代表职责
A．①②B．①③C．②④D．③④
13.现在一些地方政府对待舆论监督的态度不是自省和改正，而是动用各种权力对记者进行打击和报复，久而久之，会损害公众对政府的信任,从根本上削弱政府的权威。由此可见，要树立政府的权威，政府必须 ①科学决策、公正司法②坚持依法行政,自觉接受群众监督
③促进社会经济发展④坚持权为民所用,情为民所系,利为民所谋
A.①④B.②③C.②④
约和监督，一靠民主，二靠法制。为此
①要确保公民知情权、监督权②要坚持用制度管权、管事、管人
③要健全质询、问责、罢免等制度④要提高自我进化、自我完善能力
Ａ．①②③Ｂ．①②④Ｃ．①③④Ｄ．②③④
15.温家宝说：“要坚定不移地实行村民自治，并且保护村民直选的合法权利。现在农村村委会许多实践证明，农民通过直选村委会是成功的。从去年开始，全国31个省（自治区、直辖市）陆续开展新一轮村委会换届选举工作，涉及全国59万个村委会近6亿有选举权的村民，选举产生230多万名村委会干部。”本届村委会换届选举，通过村民直选，产生了新一届村委会。这反映了
①村民通过选举基层政权机关，参与民主管理
②村委会干部村民选，是公民参与政治生活的重要方式
③全体村民通过直接差额的方式选举村委会
④村委会选举是基层民主建设的重要组成部分
A.①②④B.②③④C.②④D.③④
D.①③ 14.把权力关进制度的笼子里，形成不敢腐的惩戒机制、不能腐的防范机制、不易腐的保障机制。对权力的制16.2012年，“毒胶囊”“染色馒头”“塑化剂”等食品安全事件，再次引发国人对食品安全的忧思。对此，国家可以采取的措施是
①加强市场监管，健全社会信用体系②诚信经营，不出售有毒有害食品
③规范市场秩序，完善市场规则④充分发挥国家宏观调控在市场调节中的基础作用
A.①③④B.①②③C.①④D.①③
17.我国已经依据宪法和法律，初步建立起全面的行政监督体系，在我国国家机关中，对行政权力具有内部监督功能的是
①人民代表大会及其常委会②国家法制部门
③国家监察部和地方监察机关④人民法院和人民检察院
A．①②B．①④C．②③D．③④
18.PM2.5是指空气中直径小于或等于2.5微米的颗粒物，它负载的大量有害物质能直接进入人体肺部，甚至渗入血液，诱发多种疾病。从2012年起，北京、天津等地环保部门率先开展PM2.5监测，并把监测数据向市民公布。这一做法表明：
A．政府工作的透明度进一步提高B．政府切实保障广大人民的知情权
C．政务公开有利于对政府权力的制约D．人民能够有效地监督政府权力的运行
19．针对发改委的《关于居民生活用电实行阶梯电价的意见（征求意见稿）》，某日报以“阶梯电价，对咱有好处吗？”“阶梯电价，谁在获益？”等为题连续发文进行报道，产生了很大的社会反响。这一做法
①属于行政系统外部的监督②会削弱政府的权威和公信力
③是以权力制约权力的体现④有利于提高行政水平，减少工作失误
A．①②④B．①③④C．②③D．①④
20.2012年7月1日，居民阶梯电价开始全面试行。国家发改委在各地价格主管部门认真研究及听取听证会参加人提出的意见和建议的基础上，对实施方案作了进一步修改和完善，赢得了社会的广泛认同。这表明政府
A.致力于树立政府权威B.审慎行使行政权力
C.通过社会公示广集民智D.努力提高行政效率
21.下表是经国务院批准的广东省对本行政区域内100项行政审批事项实施调整的部分内容：
A.促进政府职能市场化，建设有限政府 B.促进政府转变职能，建设服务型政府
C.加强对权力的监督，建设阳光政府D.政府自身简政放权，建设权威政府
22.在作出重要决策前，中共中央都要听取各民主党派中央、全国工商联领导人和无党派人士的意见和建议。这表明
A．政协具有参政议政的职能
B．我国实行中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度
C．坚持中国共产党的领导是多党合作的根本准则
D．中国共产党与各民主党派是监督与被监督的关系
23.提高公民有序参与政治生活的素质是我国政治文明建设的一项重要内容。有序参与和无序参与政治生活的区别在于
①是否依法行使政治权利、依法履行政治性义务②是否向国家机关表达了自己合理的批评和建议③是否遵循了法律、规则和程序④是否正确处理了权利与义务的关系
A．①②③B．①②④C．②③④D．①③④
24.中共中央办公厅印发了《关于建立促进科学发展的党政领导班子和领导干部考核评价机制的意见》。意见强调，要扩大考核民主，强化党内外干部群众的参与度，加大群众满意度在考核评价中的分量。这意味着我国公民可以通过
A．民主决策，调整任免党政干部B．民主选举，选举基层党政干部
C．民主监督，参与国家政治生活D．民主管理，提高政治参与能力
25.上海市市长在新闻发布会上说：“世博会的资金投入和使用全部过程审计将向社会公开，请大家共同监督。”如果你发现问题，可以采取的方式有
①通过舆论监督制度行使监督权②通过人大代表联系群众制度实行民主监督③通过社情民意反映制度行使监督权④通过张贴大字报进行监督
A．①②B．③④C．①④D．②③
2011年是西藏民主改革52周年。52年来，西藏各族人民在党中央领导和全国人民支援下，高举爱国主义和民族团结旗帜，牢牢把握各民族共同团结奋斗、共同繁荣发展的主题，各项事业取得了辉煌成就。据此回答26_27题。
26.在2009年1月14日召开的西藏自治区九届人大二次会议上，382名代表一致表决通过将3月28日设立为西藏百万农奴解放纪念日。民主改革50多年来，西藏政治、经济、文化等各个领域发生了翻天覆地的变化，广大人民群众也真正成为新西藏的主人。这充分表明
A．人民代表大会制度的优越性B．自治权是民族区域自治的核心内容
C．我国各民族都应该实行民族区域自治D．我国形成了平等团结互助和谐的民族关系
29.在我国政治生活中，但凡涉及国家社会发展的重大问题，一般都是先由中共中央提出方针政策，国务院据此拟定实施方案，再提交全国人大审议，全国政协讨论，最后由全国人民代表大会表决作出决定。这说明
A．党中央是我国权力机关，全国人大、国务院、全国政协是其执行机关
B．党提出的方针政策，必须由全国人大和全国政协表决通过，才能上升为国家意志
C．党中央重视科学执政、民主执政和依法执政，不断改进党的执政方式
D党是执政党，全国人大、国务院、全国政协要在党的领导下协调工作
30.2012年6月，我国首个“宗教政策法规学习月”活动在全国宗教界开展，国家宗教事 务局免费发送给教职人员《宗教政策法规文件选编》等学习用书。开展这一活动有利于
①依法加强宗教事务管理②满足不同阶层群众的信仰需求③引导宗教界人士树立科学的世界观和价值观④增强信教群众的国家意识、公民意识和法治理念
A.①② B.③④ C.①④ D.②③
二、非选择题（共40分）
31.响应十八大“美丽中国”号召和“生态立省，美丽浙江”的精神，我省J市高一（1班）学生开展探究活
动。获得相关资料如下：
材料一：“史上最脏”给“美丽中国”蒙上阴霾，也给我们敲响警钟，建设生态文明，呵护生态环境，建设美丽家园，已刻不容缓。环境将成为国家崛起中最大障碍，已经成为一个“不可忽视的真相”。广大民众埋怨声起，纷纷指责政府不给力。
材料二：我省J市的政府实施“做好加减乘除，建设生态文明城”的顶层设计。做好加法——加大投入，造林绿化，增加绿量；做好减法——整治污染，节能减排。做好乘法——提高质量，循环再生；做好除法——加强审批，强化效益。同时要求践行公民行动，守望天蓝、地绿、水净的家园，并为了给子孙后代留下美丽家园而出谋划策。
31.结合材料一、二，运用 “公民和政府职能”的有关知识，说明浙江省J市如何建设生态文明城。（12分）
32.材料：改革开放以来，我国高度重视科技创新在经济社会发展中的作用。
32.结合材料，说明全国人大代表、全国人大在推动我国科技进步中行使的职权及其作用。（12分）
简述人民代表大会制度的优越性。（8分）
34.新华网近期一项“你最愿意用什么渠道参与反腐”调查中，高达７５％的受访者选择用网络曝光，而选择通过信访、审计等官方渠道的不足１０％。网络反腐走红是可以理解的，但这一反腐模式目前还良莠不齐，亟待规范化法治化。领导人上网了解民情，政府上网公开政务，公民上网表达意见等种种现象表明，互联网上的“政治互动”，不仅改变着政治信息的传播方式，也日渐深入的改变着政治生态环境。
34.运用公民政治生活的有关知识，说明重视网络民意、发挥网络监督作用的原因。（8分）
高一文科政治参考答案：
全国人大代表行使提案权，（2分）使科技进步法的修订更好地反映人民的意愿，适应社会发展要求。（2分）全国人大是最高国家权力机关，全国人大及其常委会行使立法权，（2分）制定并完善科技进步法，为我国科技进步提供了法律保障。（2分）国人大及其常委会行使了监督权，（2分）开展科技进步法的执法检查，保证了科技进步法的贯彻实施。（2分）
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