应聘指南

第一篇：应聘指南

面试注意事项

1、什么是紧张、焦虑

焦虑人人都会有，用心理学的语言来说，它是人面对环境刺激产生的一种应激状态，这时身体会动员大部分能量以应付紧急状况，各个脏器也在紧张工作。所以面临考试产生焦虑紧张是正常的，一定程度的紧张还会对学习有所帮助。过度的紧张和焦虑会造成注意力不集中、记忆力下降、精力不足、失眠、神经衰弱、经常头疼头晕、食欲不振等。它的实质是面临考试产生的过度应激状态。

面试中出现紧张焦虑程度，其影响因素主要包括三个方面：

第一，与个人的切身利益前途命运的关联程度，越看重越紧张，关联程度与紧张程度成正比。

第二，公务员面试考场的氛围容易让人紧张。公务员面试比较规范，有严密的程序和操作规则。考场正前方是考官席，左右分别是纪检监察和工作员，中间是考生席。当引领员带考生进入考场，自然会产生一种紧张的气氛。

第三，面试题的难易程度和紧张程度成正比，考生临场发挥好坏与紧张程度成反比。

2、怎样看待紧张焦虑

紧张并非坏事，不要怕紧张。面试时紧张是正常的，不紧张才不正常。适度的紧张，有利于刺激兴奋；过度的紧张，导致发挥失常。这正如马拉松赛跑，如果你的情绪过于松散低落，甚至萎靡不振，就会落入人后；但是，紧张焦虑如果过度，就可能坚持不到最后或无法冲刺，也不能跑出最好的成绩。

3、如何克服面试中的紧张焦虑

第一，心态平衡法。公务员考试竟争十分激烈，不仅是知识的比拼，也是心理的较量，更是意志力的磨练。面试时的心态特别重要，参加面试前考生会到听许多这样的话：树立信心，不要紧张，放开放松。具体的实施过程应该是做到一高一低：士气上高——我肯定比对手强；目标上低——把成功几率降低，把一定要上调整为不一定能上，尽力而为，过程比结果更重要，参加面试权当锻炼自我，这样，就能丢掉包袱，轻松上阵。

第二，认知平衡法。要解决不过度紧张的最有效、最实在的办法，充分准备，全面提高面试水平。绝不能有投机心理，找所谓的高手押题，准备越充分成功几率越大。只有从实力上认识到自己的能力，从而达到认知上的有备无患。

第三，身心平衡法。俗话说“身体是革命的本钱”，在面试这一关，身体放松也是一个重要的环节。面试前，作深呼吸，慢慢吸气然后慢慢呼出，每当呼出的时候在心中默念“放松”。或者闭上眼睛，着意去想象一些恬静美好的景物，如蓝色的海水、金黄色的沙滩、朵朵白云、高山流水等。

第二篇：教师应聘指南

怀化市教育局关于公开招聘市直中小学(幼儿园)教师的公告

为切实满足市直学校（幼儿园）师资需求，经市委、市政府同意，决定为市直学校公开招聘107名中小学（幼

儿园）教师，现将有关事项公告如下：

一、招聘学校

怀化市铁路第一中学、怀化市铁路第二中学、怀化市实验学校、怀化市第六中学（由怀铁职中、怀铁一中初中部合并组建的独立初中）、怀化市中心特殊教育学校、怀化市迎丰路小学、怀化市铁路第一小学、怀化市幼儿园。

二、招聘原则

1、公开招考、择优录用的原则；

2、公开、公平、公正的原则；

3、因岗定员、人尽其用的原则；

4、注重综合素质的原则。

三、招聘范围

面向全省

四、招聘计划（见附表）

五、报考条件

1、政治思想素质：热爱教育，关爱学生，重德守纪。

2、年龄要求：男性年龄35岁以下（1975年1月1日后出生），女性年龄30岁以下（1980年1

月1日后出生）;具有研究生以上学历、副高以上职称人员，国家、省级模范教师、优秀教师、特级教

师和徐特立奖获得者，在市直单位工作并具有副高以上职称人员的配偶，报考年龄可适当放宽至40周岁（1970年1月1日后出生）。

3、学历要求：高中教师必须具备普通高等学校全日制本科以上学历，初中教师要求本科以上学历

（第一学历必须是全日制专科以上），小学教师要求本科以上学历，幼儿园教师要求本科以上学历(有

幼师学历)。

4、具有应聘岗位相应的教师资格证。

5、语文教师岗位应取得二级甲等以上普通话等级证书，其他学科教师岗位应取得二级乙等以上普

通话等级证书。

6、具有规定的计算机等级证书。

7、特殊要求：

①怀化六中体育教师要求有健美操专业特长。

②怀铁二中、怀化市实验学校音乐教师要求有舞蹈专业特长。

③怀化市实验学校体育教师要求有篮球特长。

④怀化市中心特殊教育学校律动教师1名,要求舞蹈专业本科以上学历;聋儿语训教师2名,要求特

殊教育康复专业、聋专业、幼教专业本科以上学历，或1年以上特殊教育工作经历、持有市级以上专业

机构认定的手语合格证且具有本科以上学历。

⑤怀铁一小美术教师要求有动漫特长。

⑥报考怀化市幼儿园幼师，必须具有二级甲等以上普通话证书。

⑦本市各县(市、区)在职教师报考须经县（市、区）教育局同意。

六、报名时间、地点及要求

1、报名时间：2010年7月19日——2010年8月4日（节假日照常报名）。

2、报名地点:怀化市教育局人事科。

3、报名要求：每位应聘人员限报一所学校的一个职位；本人持身份证、毕业证、学位证、教师资格证、普通话等级证、计算机等级证原件及复印件。属放宽年龄报名的，应持相关有效证件（证明材料）。报名时填写《报名登记表》，交一寸近期免冠照2张。

七、考试时间及地点

1、时间：

①音体美、幼师专业测试时间： 2010年8月5 日8:30—18:00；

②笔试时间：2010年8月8日上午9:00-11:30；

③面试：具体时间另行通知。

2、地点：怀化市迎丰路小学。

八、考试方式及内容

报考音体美和幼师的，考试分专业测试、笔试和面试（分别占总成绩的40%、40%和20%）；报考其他学科的，考试分笔试和面试（分别占60%和40%）。

报考音体美、幼师，根据专业测试和笔试成绩按1:3确定面试人员，最终以专业测试、笔试和面试总成绩从高到低确定拟录人员。

报考其他学科，根据笔试成绩按1:3的比例确定面试人员，最终以笔试、面试总成绩确定拟录人员。

专业测试、笔试和面试均采取100分制。笔试成绩中，教育学心理学占20%，公共基础知识、职业能力测试、学科知识占80%；面试成绩中，说课占70%、综合素质测试占30%。

招聘岗位与参考人员达1：3比例才能开考。达不到开考比例的取消该职位的考试。

九、录用办法

按总成绩由高分到低分确定拟录取名单,经公示、考察、体检合格，予以正式录取；如在公示、考察、体检过程中发现有弄虚作假、体检不合格等情况，取消拟录资格，缺额按学科考试总成绩依次递补。按程序办理录用、调动手续。

未尽事宜，请垂询怀化市教育局人事科。

垂询电话：0745—2714168

怀化市教育局地址：怀化市迎丰中路育才巷12号。

第三篇：应聘回答指南

转] 应聘时最漂亮的回答!

1、请你自我介绍一下自己好吗？

回答提示：一般人回答这个问题过于平常，只说姓名、年龄、爱好、工作经验，这些在简历上都有。其实，企业工作，包括：最强的技能、最深入研究的知识领域、个性中最积极的部分、做过的最成功的事，主要的成就等，和学习有关，但要突出积极的个性和做事的能力，说得合情合理企业才会相信。企业很重视一个人的礼貌，求职之后都说一句“谢谢”，企业喜欢有礼貌的求职者。

2、你觉得你个性上最大的优点是什么？

回答提示：沉着冷静、条理清楚、立场坚定、顽强向上、乐于助人和关心他人、适应能力和幽默感、乐观和友爱培训及项目实战，加上实习工作，使我适合这份工作。

3、说说你最大的缺点？

回答提示：这个问题企业问的概率很大，通常不希望听到直接回答的缺点是什么等，如果求职者说自己小心眼、作效率低，企业肯定不会录用你。绝对不要自作聪明地回答“我最大的缺点是过于追求完美”，有的人以为这样实上，他已经岌岌可危了。企业喜欢求职者从自己的优点说起，中间加一些小缺点，最后再把问题转回到优点上明的求职者。

4、你对薪资的要求？

回答提示：如果你对薪酬的要求太低，那显然贬低自己的能力；如果你对薪酬的要求太高，那又会显得你分量过常都事先对求聘的职位定下开支预算，因而他们第一次提出的价钱往往是他们所能给予的最高价钱，他们问你只引起你对该工作的兴趣。

回答样本一：我对工资没有硬性要求，我相信贵公司在处理我的问题上会友善合理。我注重的是找对工作机会，1

较太多。

回答样本二：我受过系统的软件编程的训练，不需要进行大量的培训，而且我本人也对编程特别感兴趣。因此，场标准的水平，给我合理的薪水。

回答样本三：如果你必须自己说出具体数目，请不要说一个宽泛的范围，那样你将只能得到最低限度的数字。最明你已经对当今的人才市场作了调查，知道像自己这样学历的雇员有什么样的价值。

5、你对加班的看法？

回答提示：实际上好多公司问这个问题，并不证明一定要加班，只是想测试你是否愿意为公司奉献。

回答样本：如果工作需要我会义不容辞加班，我现在单身，没有任何家庭负担，可以全身心的投入工作。但同时要的加班。

6、如果通过这次面试我们录用了你，但工作一段时间却发现你根本不适合这个职位，你怎么办？

回答提示：一段时间发现工作不适合我，有两种情况：①如果你确实热爱这个职业，那你就要不断学习，虚心向经验，了解这个职业的精神内涵和职业要求，力争减少差距；②你觉得这个职业可有可无，那还是趁早换个职业业，那样你的发展前途也会大点，对单位和个人都有好处。

7、谈谈你对跳槽的看法？

回答提示：①正常的“跳槽”能促进人才合理流动，应该支持。②频繁的跳槽对单位和个人双方都不利，应该反

8、工作中难以和同事、上司相处，你该怎么办？

回答提示：①我会服从领导的指挥，配合同事的工作。②我会从自身找原因，仔细分析是不是自己工作做得不好要看看是不是为人处世方面做得不好，如果是这样的话我会努力改正。③如果我找不到原因，我会找机会跟他们问题就及时改正。④作为优秀的员工，应该时刻以大局为重，即使在一段时间内，领导和同事对我不理解，我也习，我相信，他们会看见我在努力，总有一天会对我微笑的。

9、你对于我们公司了解多少？

回答提示：在去公司面试前上网查一下该公司主营业务。如回答：贵公司有意改变策略，加强与国外大厂的OE10、最能概括你自己的三个词是什么？

回答提示：我经常用的三个词是：适应能力强，有责任心和做事有始终，结合具体例子向主考官解释，11、你的业余爱好是什么？

回答提示：找一些富于团体合作精神的，这里有一个真实的故事：有人被否决掉，因为他的爱好是深海潜水。主我不敢肯定他能否适应团体工作。

12、作为被面试者给我打一下分？

回答提示：试着列出四个优点和一个非常非常非常小的缺点（可以抱怨一下设施，没有明确责任人的缺点是不会

13、你为什么要离开原来的公司?

回答提示：①回答这个问题时一定要小心，就算在前一个工作受到再大的委屈，对公司有多少的怨言，都千万不本身主管的批评，避免面试官的负面情绪及印象。建议此时最好的回答方式是将问题归咎在自己身上，例如觉得想在面试工作的相关产业中多加学习，或是前一份工作与自己的生涯规划不合等等，回答的答案最好是积极正面工作，如果机会来临，我会抓住。我觉得目前的工作，已经达到顶峰，即沒有升迁机会。

14、你欣赏哪种性格的人？回答提示：诚实、不死板而且容易相处的人、有“实际行动”的人。

15、你通常如何对待别人的批评？

回答提示：①沈默是金，不必说什么，否则情况更糟，不过我会接受建设性的批评。②我会等大家冷靜下来再讨

16、怎样对待自己的失败？回答提示：我们大家生来都不是十全十美的，我相信我有第二个机会改正我的错误

17、你为什么愿意到我们公司来工作？

回答提示：对于这个问题，你要格外小心，如果你已经对该单位作了研究，你可以回答一些详细的原因，像“公我。”、“我同公司出生在同样的时代，我希望能够进入一家与我共同成长的公司。”、“你们公司一直都稳定竞争力。”、“我认为贵公司能够给我提供一个与众不同的发展道路。”这都显示出你已经做了一些调查，也说的远景规划。

18、对这项工作，你有哪些可预见的困难？

回答提示：①不宜直接说出具体的困难，否则可能令对方怀疑应聘者不行。②可以尝试迂回战术，说出应聘者对现一些困难是正常的，也是难免的，但是只要有坚忍不拔的毅力、良好的合作精神以及事前周密而充分的准备，19、如果录用了你，你将怎样开展工作？回答提示： ①如果应聘者对于应聘的职位缺乏足够的了解，最好不要法。②可以尝试采用迂回战术来回答，如“首先听取领导的指示和要求，然后就有关情况进行了解和熟悉，接下领导批准，最后根据计划开展工作。”。

分析：这个问题的主要目的也是了解应聘者的工作能力和计划性、条理性，而且重点想要知道细节。如果向思路为回避问题，如果引导了几次仍然是回避的话，此人绝对不会录用了。

20、你希望与什么样的上级共事？

回答提示：①通过应聘者对上级的“希望”可以判断出应聘者对自我要求的意识，这既上一个陷阱，又是一次机望，多谈对自己的要求。③如“做为刚步入社会的新人，我应该多要求自己尽快熟悉环境、适应环境，而不应该挥我的专长就可以了。

分析：这个问题比较好的回答是，希望我的上级能够在工作中对我多指导，对我工作中的错误能够立即指出。总

21、与上级意见不一时，你将怎么办？

回答提示：①一般可以这样回答“我会给上级以必要的解释和提醒，在这种情况下，我会服从上级的意见。”②应聘的职位另有一位经理，且这位经理当时不在场，可以这样回答：“对于非原则性问题，我会服从上级的意见我希望能向更高层领导反映。”

分析：这个问题的标准答案是思路①，如果用②的回答，必死无疑。你没有摸清楚改公司的内部情况，先想打小

22、为什么选择我们公司？

回答提示：曾经在报章杂志看过关于贵公司的报道，与自己所追求的理念有志一同。而贵公司在业界的成绩也是训练、升迁等也都很有制度。

分析：去面试前先做功课，了解一下该公司的背景，让对方觉得你真的很有心想得到这份工作，而不只是探探路

23、谈谈如何适应办公室工作的新环境？

回答提示①办公室里每个人有各自的岗位与职责，不得擅离岗位。②根据领导指示和工作安排，制定工作计划，请示并及时汇报，遇到不明白的要虚心请教。④抓间隙时间，多学习，努力提高自己的政治素质和业务水平。

24、除了本公司外，还应聘了哪些公司？

24、回答提示：很奇怪，这是相当多公司会问的问题，其用意是要概略知道应徵者的求职志向，所以这并非绝对名称，也应回答“销售同种产品的公司”，如果应聘的其他公司是不同业界，容易让人产生无法信任的感觉。

25、你还有什么问题要问吗？

26、回答提示：企业的这个问题看上去可有可无，其实很关键，企业不喜欢说“没问题”的人，因为其很注重员欢求职者问个人福利之类的问题，如果有人这样问：贵公司对新入公司的员工有没有什么培训项目，我可以参加什么样的？企业将很欢迎，因为体现出你对学习的热情和对公司的忠诚度以及你的上进心。

26、如果你被录用，何时可以到职？回答提示：大多数企业会关心就职时间，最好是回答“如果被录用的话，到果还未辞去上一个工作、上班时间又太近，似乎有些强人所难，因为交接至少要一个月的时间，应进一步说明原

第四篇：轮机长大管轮中英文应聘指南

轮机长/大管轮面试指南

字体: 小 中 大 | 打印 发表于: 2009-5-14 10:11 作者: 上海船人 来源: 海员联盟

轮机长/大管轮面试指南 发布时间：2008-8-7 11:56:05 轮机长面试问题及参考答案

轮机长是轮部的第一把手，也是船上仅次于船长的重要管理人员。实践表明，没有很好的轮机长是很难保证船舶的安全的。目前，世界主要船队的船舶老化问题相当严重，而要保证大龄船舶的营运安全，没有很好的轮机班子是很难实现的。因此，船东在面试船员时轮机长往往是他们考核的重点。特别是东南亚的很多船东公司，他们对轮机长的考核从技术到管理，每一环都很严格。对轮机长的经验、技术和解决实际问题的能力尤其相当重视。我们认为，轮机长不但要有丰富的经验、灵活的头脑，也要有很好的管理能力和团队工作精神，只有这样，才能管好轮机班子，才能和船长以及甲板部的管理工作配合好。

另外，经验表明，相对船长和甲板部队的人员而言，轮机长的英语相对稍弱一些，希望在业余时间下苦功练习英语听力和写作。面试时主要是看你的听力理解，而在国外船上干时主要是做一些英文的确PAPER WORK，另一方面，随着ISM的生效和强制实施，PSC检查和EXTRA AUDIT方面的审核都要求一定的听力和书写方面的能力。

下面的一些问题不但有技术方面的，也有很多是管理方面的，请轮机长在阅读时能举一反三，联想到其他船东可能考到的问题。

1.Can you tell something about your last ship? What types(brands)of main engine have you ever experienced? My last ship(type of engine, horse power, trading area, GRT/DWT, etc.)I have experience with several different types of main engines, such as Sulzer, B&W, MAN, PC etc.2.What abilities should a Chief Engineer possess? First, I think it is very important for a Chief Engineer to be skillful and proficient at work.Second, he should maintain good management in the engine department.Third, he should be able to try to motivate every person under his management by assigning jobs fairly among them.Fourth, he needs to be good in English and language communication.Last, it is very important for a Chief Engineer to maintain good relationship with the Master, the technical superintendent and other personnel from company, First Engineer and the Chief Officer.Above all, he should listen to orders from the Master in most cases.轮机长不是船上的轮机总工程师，也是仅次于船长的重要的管理人员。因此，在做好自己技术工作的同时，更应该考虑如何做好管理工作。轮机长和船长的配合也是非常关键的。上面的答案仅供参考。3.What were the consumption rates of cylinder lube oil and fuel oil in your previous ship? For your reference: for a 10000HP main engine, the consumption rate of fuel oil could be roughly 20~25 tons per day, cylinder oil about 280~310 liters per day(depending on the engine type).The duty engineer should check to see if the consumption is normal.The Second Engineer usually is responsible for checking the fuel oil and recording the figures in the Engine Log Book.Lube oil should be checked on every duty watch.The Chief Engineer is responsible for application of the supplies of lube oil and fuel oil.4.Can you please describe in detail the bunkering procedures? I should make a bunkering plan firstly according to the ship owner’s instructions and then report the plan to the Master for approval.Secondly, a bunkering meeting should be held to specify the responsibilities of crew during the procedure.Thirdly, preparations of the following like plugs, extinguishers, drums, alarms, communication means, and fuel oil system graphics(drawing)should be made.Fourthly, I should order the Third Engineer to measure the oil volume in the supplier’s tanks and record the flow meter figures.Bunkering starts after all is ready.I should order the duty engineer to take sounding all the time, especially at the beginning and at the end of bunkering each tank.My duty engineers should pay attention to the oil pressure, the temperature and the oil sample to be taken and used as evidence in the future.Lastly, I should not sign the receipts, regardless of any delay, until quantities of the bunkered oil are confirmed.I should also note down any dispute over the quantity or adverse specifications of bunkers taken on the receipt and advise the company.I should bear the following precautions in my mind during bunkering.Before bunkering, I need to make sure that all scuppers are plugged and cemented.I should stop ballasting, de-ballasting and taking fresh water on board whist bunkering, if possible.If I have to do all the jobs together, I should take all care to prevent an overflow of water and fuel oil.If the decks become awash due to such water overflow or rain, then bunkering should be stopped whilst the scuppers are being drained.5.Please tell me the minimum safe oxygen percentage for the safety of the workers in an enclosed space.Please describe the procedures of entry into and work in enclosed spaces.More than 18% and no more than 23% of oxygen in an enclosed space will be OK for the safety of the workers.The procedures are as follow First, I should prepare an entry permit to be signed by the Master.Second, before entry is allowed, all the relevant manholes should be opened for ventilation.Third, the air and surrounding of the enclosed space should be tested to see whether it is safe.Fourth, necessary equipment like the fire extinguisher, lights, communication equipments should be carried by the crew when entering.Fifth, before entry into an enclosed space, a meeting regarding the work procedure should be held.Lastly, when someone is working in a enclosed space, good communication between the crew inside and the crew outside should be maintained and the emergency rescue team should stand by for any rescue work.When entering, at least one of the crew inside is to do the lookout job.During the crew’s stay in the space, ventilation should be continuously on to provide enough oxygen.6.What is a “Bunkering Plan”? A bunkering plan is made according to the owner’s and / or charterer’s order, the passage(voyage)plan, and capacity of the tanks, oil ROB, and so on.A bunkering plan is made by the Chief Engineer and approved by the Master and the company.Generally, the volume of the bunkered oil shouldn’t exceed 85% of tank capacity.7.What will you do if the oil supplied by the oil company is less than the agreed amount after bunkering? Receipts should not be signed, regardless of any delay, until quantities are confirmed by all parties concerned.Any dispute over the quantity or adverse specifications of bunker taken shall be noted on the fuel receipt and the company should be advised accordingly.8.Did you ever encounter any mechanic problems on board your previous vessels? How did you handle them? It is suggested to answer this question frankly and honestly.不必编造故事，除非故事是完整的，没有任何疏漏的。

9.The ISM Code requires preventive maintenance schedules.How do you make your maintenance schedules? According to the ISM Code, the preventive maintenance plan is made based on the ship’s “Planned Maintenance System” and the machinery running hour records.This plan should be made on an annual basis(or a five-year basis).Usually, the monthly maintenance schedules are made based on the annual preventive maintenance schedules are made based on the annual preventive maintenance plan and the basic occasional maintenance work.10.Have you ever been to the US ports? Are you familiar with the USCG inspections? 美国是是世界上港口国检查最为严厉的国家之一。对轮机长来说，去过美国，经历过美国的港口国检查对船东来说是很重要的资历。但是，若没有去过，千万不要生搬硬套，编造故事。另外，如果您做大管轮时去过，也是很好的经历。

Some of the useful words you may use when you answer the question: US ports: New York, New Orleans, San Francisco, Tampa, Houston, Mississippi River, etc.USCG refers to the US coast guards.The most important thing in US is the sanitation(hygiene).Besides, fire fighting equipments(FFE)and life saving apparatus(LSA)and training drills must be well prepared for check.我也来说两句 查看全部回复

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 上海船人(2009-5-14 10:12:39)

11.What do you know about the “SOPEP”?

SOPEP means Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan.The SOPEP should contain(but not limited to)the following contents.(1)Procedures to be followed by the Master or other crew in case of oil pollution.(2)Pollution reporting system and the authority or persons to be contacted in the event of pollution including the telephone numbers etc.(3)Detailed description of actions to be taken immediately by persons on board to reduce or control the discharge of oil after the incident.(4)List of oil spill response equipment to be maintained and prepared on board.(Remover, sprayer, oil absorbent, saw dust, sand, waste rags, scoop, shovels, buckets, bamboo brooms, portable pump, protective clothing, portable containers).The essence of the Plan is to avoid any possible oil leakage and oil pollution.Simply speaking, SOPEP should include such things as the emergency contacts(telephone and other communication means, address etc.), the equipment used in dealing with oil pollution, the muster list for oil pollution, the report procedure when the accident happen etc.SOPEP is compulsory on board most of the ships according to the ISM code.IOPP is the certificate for the vessel that is qualified for the requirements issued by the Class on oil pollution prevention.12.What are the possible causes of crankshaft failure? Too big or too small clearance between bush and shaft is one of the most possible reasons(曲轴间隙过大/过小).Other reasons include material problem, dirtiness of the lube oil, uneven loading(负荷不均)in each cylinder, bad lubricating(润滑不良)，and deformation of frame and bedplate.13.What actions should be taken when there is oil overflow on deck during bunkering?(1)Stop pumping and other operations first(2)Ring the alarm immediately(3)Crew should come to their respective position and take actions immediately according to the SOPEP(4)If there is a possibility of fire, the Muster List for fire should be followed(5)After finishing all the actions, records should be made on what has happened(6)Draw lessons from the incident to avoid future reoccurrence of the same kind of incident 14.Explain the important things when you take over from the previous Chief Engineer.I shall familiarize myself with the following(1)The engine department personnel(2)The SMS manuals and other documents on board(3)Conditions of the vessel, the engine and the equipment to see whether there are any problems left(4)Any outstanding claims and incident reports in the service period of the previous Chief Engineer should be cleared(5)Engine logbook(6)The ROB volume of the fuel oil, the diesel oil, lube oil and chemicals(7)CMS survey items(8)PMS overdue items and relevant reports After finishing all the items in the checklist for handover, we two shall sign our names for evidence, one copy of which with the signature of the master shall be sent to the company.15.Please explain what the Chief Engineer’s Standing Order is? What does Night Order include? It is basically the Chief Engineer’s own set of instructions and orders for the operation of the engine department.The orders should include any particular operating procedures that the Chief Engineer wishes to emphasize.The set of standing orders and procedures must include the following: Operating procedures for main engine Operating procedures for auxiliary engine Watch procedures UMS procedures When to call the Chief Engineer Emergency shutdown procedures Daily monitoring and logs Arrival/Departure procedures Operation of steering gear and test procedures Bunkering procedures Safe procedures in the engine room Duties of junior engineers and ratings Different vessels may lave different contents concerning the standing order of the Chief Engineer.But basically, the contents above should be covered.The standing order should be put in the engine control room and in the cabin of the Chief Engineer.The night order should include such things as the warnings, lookout and when to call the Chief Engineer etc.The C/E needs to prepare night order every night before he goes to sleep.16.What is the UMS? Do you have any experience on UMS? Under what circumstances the engine rooms can not is operated in UMS way? UMS means Unmanned(unattended)Machinery Space.I have experienced UMS on board one ship.Under the following circumstances, the engine room cannot be operated in UMS way:(1)When fire detection and extinguishing system are not fully operational(2)When main engine monitoring, control and alarm system are not fully operational(3)When key auxiliary equipment or its controls and alarm system are not fully operational(4)The instruction from the Master demands that the engine room is to be manned(5)When arrival/departure in port(6)During cargo operation and on other occasions when the Chief Engineer determines that the engine room should remain manned 17.When do you apply emergency shutdown procedures and what do you shut down? Emergency shutdown includes(1)main engine emergency shutdown(2)ventilation emergency shutdown(3)fuel oil valves emergency shutdown(4)Sky light quick closing(5)ventilator quick closing damper.Emergency shutdown are used when emergency situations(e.g.fire etc)happens. 上海船人(2009-5-14 10:13:58)

18.What do the engine room safety procedures include? The safety procedures include the procedures for maintenance work, overhaul and lifting subjects, high-location and multi-layer(多层和高空作业)，hull side work, hot work, entry into enclosed space, cleaning and painting, using steel bottle and so on.19.Name some critical(important)equipment in the engine room on board your last vessel.According to the SMS manuals of the company on board my last vessel, the following engines and machine are critical equipment: Steering gear, winch and windlass, emergency battery, generator and emergency generator, main engines, life-boat engine, fire extinguisher pump, oil-water separator.Different companies may name different critical equipment on board different ships.Anyway, critical equipment should be given full care in daily work and should be checked and recorded periodically.As far as I know, some companies just name main engine, steering gear, and generator as critical equipment.Some other companies also include winch, mooring equipment, lifeboat engine etc.on the critical equipment list.20.Under what conditions is hot work not allowed? Hot work is not allowed under the following conditions.(1)During cargo operation when handling flammable cargoes unless the ship has obtained permission from terminal or port authority(2)During bunkering(3)In enclosed spaces or where atmosphere is suspicious(4)On the top of the oil tanks, or any bulkhead or deck bordering on oil tanks(5)When vessel is alongside(6)Some other occasions that the Chief Engineer and the Master think it not allowable(7)Under heavy weather condition 21.What is ILO Convention147? What is ISGOTT? What is COLREGS 1972? ILO Convention 147 is The Merchant Shipping(Minimum Standards)Convention, 1976(No.147)(and its Protocol of 1996).This rule is made by the International Labor Organization Conference.In this Convention, the minimum internationally acceptable labor standards for seamen in merchant ships are stipulated.Convention No.147 requires the flag State to adopt minimum standards relating to safety, social security, and shipboard conditions of employment and living arrangements to be observed in merchant shipping registered under any flag.ISGOTT means International safety Guidelines for oil Tankers and Terminals.COLREGS means Convention on international regulations for preventing collisions at sea.These two are normal publications on board the vessel.22.How often did the superintendent of your last vessel come on board for inspection? How will you cooperate with the superintendent of the company in the future? Twice a year.But for other vessels, the superintendents may come on the board more often than this.The superintendents come on board to check the ship’s maintenance, the crew and management situation on board and put forward some suggestions.I will respect the superintendent and try to make his work easier.Besides, during his stay on board, I will discuss with him on some important matters concerning the maintenance of the machines and the management of the engine crew.和公司监督配合好是件很重要的事情，不管监督代表的建议是否完全正确，也要虚心倾听，否则，可能会导致船上高级管理人员下岗。其实，很多监督都是很有经验的船长和轮机长，他们对公司的管理体系和船况非常了解，往往从他们那里可学到很多有用的知识。23.During bunkering, what flag should you hoist? The B flag should be hoisted in the daytime and red lights at port sides should be turned on at night.24.What are the possible reasons for the sudden stoppage of the main engine?(1)The cooling water may have got some problem(most engines have got high temperature alarm only)(2)Over-speed of the engine(3)Low lube oil pressure(4)Oil mist detector alarm may be on 25.What do you usually talk about in the Safety Meeting on board a ship? The safety meeting is held at least once a month and there should be a minutes after the meeting.The safety meeting is chaired by the Master.At the meeting, the Master shall review the minutes of last meeting and highlight the areas to be improved and rectified.Each department head shall report their overall work at the meeting.The accidents, incidents and non-conformities found in last month will be discussed and checked to see whether the non-conformities have been closed or not.Officers and Engineers are required to deal with the unfinished matters.Matters requiring coordination between the engine and deck department will also be discussed. 上海船人(2009-5-14 10:17:08)

26.What ranks should not be allowed to have the shore leave at the same time? In view of the jobs on board, the following positions and ranks can not be allowed to have shore leave at the same time: the Master and Chief Officer;the Chief Engineer and First Engineer;the Chief Engineer and Electrician;the Bosun and Pumpman(in tankers);the Chief Cook and Second Cook(or mess boy);the Chief Officer and Pumpman(in tankers).27.What is the maximum blood alcohol concentration(BAC)rate on board? According to the STCW95, the BAC shall not be more than 0.08% by weight any time when being tested, but the CFR(Code of Federal Regulations)requires the BAC to be no more than 0.04%.watch-keepers are not allowed to drink any alcoholic beverage 4 hours before their watch.28.What should a Muster List include? What kind of Must Lists did you have on the last vessel? A Muster List should include the following points(1)Details of emergency alarm signal(2)How ship-abandon order will be given(3)Substitutes for the key personnel who may become disabled(4)The boat to which each person belongs and duties to be performed in an abandon ship situation(5)The specific group to which a person belongs and general duties during various emergencies(6)Any additional or specific duties(7)Specific assembly point of each group The Muster Lists must be ready before a ship sails We had the following Muster Lists on board the last vessel: General emergency, fire fighting, fire in the engine, emergency steering, abandon-ship, man overboard, oil prevention station.29.Who is a Qualified Individual(QI)? A Qualified Individual under OPA 90 of the United States is very similar to d Designated Person of the shipowner under the ISM system.But according to the US law on pollution prevention, this person is the designated person to be nominated by the shipowner in charge of the safety and oil prevention affairs when the vessels come to the US ports.This person should be a US citizen and is familiar with the US laws and rules on oil prevention.30.When heating the fuel oil, what should you pay special attention to? I should pay attention to the temperature to make sure that the fuel oil is not too hot to damage the cargo in the holds, especially when loading grain, paper, wood flammable cargo, etc.On board modern ships, the fuel oil shift pump system has replaced the steam heating pipe system in oil tanks.This system can prevent the fuel oil from being overheated to damage the cargo.31.Do you know the Oil Pollution Act 1990(OPA 1990)? This Act is a law on the prevention of oil pollution in US territorial waters.It was passed in 1990 by the US congress.It mainly deals with the responsibilities, the indemnities, prevention and cleaning of the pollutants in the sea.The oil tanker crew must be familiar with this ACT.32.Have you ever lifted pistons of a main engine or generator? What procedure do you know? Yes, I have experienced many overhaul work of main engine and auxiliary engines.The lifting of pistons shall follow the following procedure: Firstly, a preparatory meeting shall be held and all the precautions to be taken shall be discussed.In the meeting, the personnel responsible shall be designated.General and specific tools shall be prepared for the job.All equipment should be checked before the job can be started.When the cylinder cover is opened, the surface of the cylinder liner should be checked thoroughly.Some cleaning work including grinding ridge should be carried out.After that, the piston can be lifted out and cleaned.The parameters of the cylinder liner, piston, piston rod, piston rings, grooves and bearing clearances should be measured. 上海船人(2009-5-14 10:18:15)

33.Why does the turbine super-charger surge(喘振)? There are basically five main reasons.High backpressure of the exhaust manifold and low flowing quantity;Rapid change in load Insufficient supply of fuel oil or bad combustibility(1)Failure of turbine blade, nozzle and diffuser(2)Narrowed scavenging of air passage or scavenge fire 34.Do you know something about the internal and the external audit? During the internal audit, how will you cooperate with the auditors? Usually, the internal audit is carried out once or twice a year in accordance with the owner’s SMS manuals.It is under the charge of the Designated Person(DP), or at the discretion of the DP.The Master should hold a pre-audit meeting with the officers and engineers after receiving the audit notice.The Master should make sure that the best cooperation is provided to the auditors of the company and the documents to be audited are well prepared.The external audit is carried out by the professional auditors.If nonconformities and observations are found either in the internal or external audit, the ship should make rectification in the stipulated time.35.How should you deal with the garbage on board the ship? MARPOL 73/78 provides for detailed regulations on garbage disposal.Usually, any shipping company should have its own Garbage Management Plan in its SMS manuals.Usually, the Chief Engineer or the Chief Officer is the designated person in charge of carrying out the garbage disposal, but all crew on board should follow the garbage management plan.Garbage is disposed in four steps, i.e.collection, separation, processing and disposal.The Chief Engineer or the Chief Officer should make clear records in the Garbage Record Book.The Master has to make sure the Garbage Record Book is available for checks at any time.The garbage can roughly be divided into two types: the biodegradable and persistent garbage.The former refer to those that can be rotten by themselves, such as food paper, and wood;the latter refers to those that can not rotten themselves, such as plastic, mental etc.the persistent garbage can never be thrown into the sea.36.How would you balance your engine after taking over power diagram? What is the use of VIT? This is done by adjustment of the individual pump racks on fuel injection pump.It is usually carried out after careful analysis of the results of the power diagram(indicator cards)wherein we can decide which units need adjustment.Exhaust temperatures have to be carefully monitored since this will nearly indicate the Pmax condition.Pump rack scale should be limited to within 3 mm deviation.If after adjustment and results are negative, components such as piston rings, fuel valves, fuel injection pump, exhaust valve etc.have to be inspected at first opportunity.VIT or variable injection timing is a device further incorporated on fuel injection pump to automatically adjust maximum combustion pressure by changing the position of the pump barrel(changes the pump timing), which in turn control the amount of fuel delivered.It is usually advantageous to improve the main engine running at part load to save consumption of fuel oil because the main engine may keep the proper maximum combustion pressure in comparison with the pressure at full load.37.Before overhauling work is done, what preparations should you make? In every machinery overhaul, preparation is extremely important.The preparations usually include the following:(1)Overhaul schedule(time and place to be decided)(2)Anticipate the conditions and/or activities at the place of overhaul(3)Check necessary spares and special tools that will be required(4)Make necessary requisitions for spares if necessary(5)Discuss the matter with the Master and ask for his approval(6)Inform concerned persons of the planned overhauling work(7)Conduct “toolbox meeting”, which should cover the following items: Personal protective equipment Specific duties/assignments of each crew Time allotted for the overhauling work Safety measure to be taken Work to be discussed with the aid of drawing, finished plan Tools and spares to be used Checklist to be done prior to overhaul Person to report to in case of doubt or trouble After the overhaul, I should make sure of the following: There is no leakage and that all parts have been replaced in order.All tools used are secured in their respective location.The spot of overhaul is cleaned.The machinery is tried out for proper operation and function.All safety devices are checked.38.When you take over a vessel, in order that the turnover is smooth and that you won’t meet some problems in your future jobs, what would you normally be careful about? I shall talk with the outgoing Chief Engineer regarding the following: The machinery condition, status of the engine tools, spares and special tool, any forthcoming activities, inventory, port itineraries;survey and dry docking status, oil record book, engine logbook, log abstract and other important items such bunkering, PSC check, internal and eternal audits.I shall make a round of inspections throughout the ship together with the outgoing Chief Engineer and note down any unusual condition or abnormal observed.39.What is “weardown” of a propeller shaft? How is it measured? How much clearance would you consider to be normal? Weardown of a propeller shaft refers to the drop of the shaft or the wear of shaft bearing.The bridge gauge or weardown gauge is used to measure wear of the shaft in relation to its own housing in a static condition.I would consult the instruction manual for the normal clearance.40.Name some machines that would require attention and preparation prior to IOPP survey.I should pay attention to the following machines and documents before IOPP inspection: Oily-water separator, ODM(oil discharge monitor), incinerator, bilge pumping equipment, sewage plant, oil content meter, quick closing valves, garbage management and oil record book.I should make sure that all these machines are well prepared for survey and questioning. 上海船人(2009-5-14 10:19:22)

41.What is “critical speed”? Why is it important to avoid this when the ship is in maneuvering or steaming? Critical speed is a term related to the engine RPM where the engine is not allowed to operate continuously.Critical speed will cause abnormal vibration, excessive loading condition and high torques, which in turn will cause damage to the hull and equipment of the ship.42.Why is it important to have marine growth protection on the vessel? It is because marine growth causes harmful and troubling effects on ship’s seawater cooling system, which could create problems on ship’s operation later on.It also causes the ship’s performance to decrease(reduced speed)due to fouling of the hull promoting frictional resistance against the water.43.Are you in favor of regular meetings on board? How will you conduct a management meeting? I think that regular management meetings are very important to the safe operation of the engine room or even the whole ship.We can discuss some important management and technical questions at the meeting.We can also improve our communication with each other through regular meetings.Thus, it is conducive to the cultivation of teamwork spirit and harmonious atmosphere.44.What special tools and spare parts do you use for docking repair? Special spanners, hydraulic tools, O-shape sealing ring and special measuring tools.45.How do you prevent the fire in the scavenging air box? Considerable deposits of dirty oil, sludge in the scavenging air space, can be caused fire.The draining pipes of the space must be checked carefully and keep them not to be blocked.The scavenging air space should be checked and cleaned regularly.The cylinder lubricator should be adjusted properly and all cylinder liners, piston and piston rings should be dept in good condition.46.What preparation should you do for entering a port? The following preparations for entering a port should be made and confirmed by Chief Engineer.a)Astern test in steps from ahead to astern b)Running of generator and other necessary equipment c)Check alarm system d)Steering gear test with 12 hours prior entry to a port e)Other necessary matters 47.Please give a brief description of fuel oil system? The fuel oil system includes the equipments and mechanisms used to transfer the fuel oil from storage places to the combustion in the cylinder.The fuel oil system can be divided into two parts, the supply and the injection system.The function of the supply system is providing the fuel oil from the storage places to the injection system.The function of the injection system is providing the proper amount of fuel oil at the right time and in a suitable condition for combustion process.48.What equipment in engine room is usually inspected during the PSC safety inspection? Skylights quick-closed gear, the ventilator quick-closed damper, emergency generator, emergency switchboard, emergency steering gear, emergency fire pump, the oily water separator, the incinerator and the sewage treatment plant.49.What do you know about the ISM code and SMS? How many chapters are there in the ISM Code(as amended)? The ISM code is the International Safety Management Code.The purpose of this Code is to provide an international standard for the safe management and operation of ships and for pollution prevention.The objectives of the Code are to ensure safety at sea, prevention of human injury or loss of life, and avoidance of damage to the environment, in particular to the marine environment and to property.The newly-amended ISM Code right now has 16 years SMS means safety management system, and this system is mad based on the 16 elements of ISM Code, which is a compulsory part SOLAS 74.The shipowner or manager cannot get Document of Compliance(DOC)and SMC without audited Safety Management Certificate(SMC)by Class designated by the flag registry country administration.Every company should develop, implement and maintain a safety management system(SMS).50.What do Observation, Non-conformity and Major non-conformity in the ISM Code mean respectively? Observation means a statement of fact made during a safety management audit and substantiated by objective evidence.Non-conformity means an observed situation where objective evidence indicates the nonfulfillment of a specified requirement.Major non-conformity means an identifiable deviation that poses a serious threat to the safety of personnel or the ship or a serious risk to the environment that requires immediate corrective action and includes the lack of effective and systematic implementation of requirement of this Code.(摘自新ISM Code 原文)以上内容不一定要非常准确详细地背诵，但至少要知道大致的内容，尤其要知道，ISM规则是变化、开放的国际公约，其内容经常进行修改和增加。此外，随着ISM规则的改变，各船东和管理公司对SMS也要进行相应的修改和补充。

 上海船人(2009-5-14 10:20:16)

51.What items do you need to put down in the Oil Record Book? The matters related to the following items shall be entered in the Oil Record Book every time: a.Ballasting or cleaning of fuel oil tanks.b.Discharge of Dirty ballast or cleaning water from fuel oil tanks.c.Collection and disposal of oily residual substance(sludge).d.Non-automatic discharge or disposal otherwise of bilge in the machinery space.e.Automatic discharge or disposal otherwise of bilge in the machinery space.f.Conditions of the oil discharge monitoring and control system.g.Accidental or other exceptional discharge of oil.h.Supply of fuel oil and bulk-loaded lubricating oil.i.Other work and necessary matters. 上海船人(2009-5-14 10:21:24)大管轮面试问题及参考答案

大管轮是轮机部非常重要的管理人员，因此船东对大管轮的面试和挑选非常重视。大管轮的面试一船集中在日常部门管理能力和轮机长的配合能力、服从意识，以及关于主、辅机、舵机以及甲板机械等机器设备的管理和保养等方面。同时，还要大管轮了解《国际安全管理规则》(ISM)的相关知识。

1.What are the responsibilities of the First Engineer on board a ship? The First Engineer is under the leadership of the Chief Engineer.He is responsible for the following.(1)Day-to-day running of the Engine room.(2)Management of the Engine department personnel.(3)Safety matters in the Engine room.(4)All maintenance and repair jobs on board ship(5)The main engine and its auxiliary equipment, steering gears, emergency equipments in engine room, etc.(6)Making and implementing the PMS(Planned Maintenance System)(7)Requisition for, receipt and control of spare parts and stores(8)Supervision of the jobs of engine crew.(9)Keeping watch from 0400 to 0800 and from 1600 to 2000 except for UMS operation.2.What is your emergency position on the Muster List on your last vessel? I control and operate the main engine except for the abandon-ship and fire in engine room emergency situations.3.Can you describe an emergency situation you ever encountered on board ships? No, I have never met any emergency situation before now.4.Which machineries and space parts should be under your charge? I should be responsible for the main engine, the service pumps for main engine, steering gear, accommodation air condition, provision of refrigerator and the emergency equipments.I should also prepare maintenance reports, fuel oil and lubrication oil samples analysis, inventory report of spare parts, store and spare parts requisitions, etc.5.Describe the procedure to start a fresh water generator, boiler, emergency generator? In case of fresh water generator:(1)Check the valves to make sure that they are in the normal position(2)Open the sea water valves of condenser and supply sea water to heating chamber(3)Start the sea water ejector pump to draw out the vacuum until the heating chamber vacuum reaches 93%(about 700 mmHg)(4)Open the water heating valves and keep the heating chamber temperature around 45 degrees Centigrade(5)When the condensed water reaches a certain level, start the distilled water pump, and keep its pressure no less than 0.2MPa.(6)Start chemical liquid feed pump.In case of automatic boiler:(1)Check the water level to make sure there is normal volume of water inside(2)Open the vent valve on top of the boiler(if it is first time to raise pressure from cold condition)(3)Confirm the boiler water supply pumps are in “Auto” condition(4)Switch on the power supply(5)Put the boiler control switch in “Auto” condition

(6)Automatically start the boiler, close the air vent valve while the boiler steam pressure reaches 0.02 MPa.(7)Confirm the boiler can auto stop while it pressure reaches “high limit”(e.g.0.7MPa)In case of manual boiler(1)Check the water level to make sure there is normal volume of water inside and put the feed water pump in “Auto” position

(2)Open the vent valve on top of the boiler(if it is first time raise pressure from cold condition)(3)Put the draft fan in “Manual” position, and make preventive blow to avoid any possible explosion(4)Put the fuel oil pump in “Manual” position

(5)Ignite fire by pressing the manual button, if the fire “On”, put valve(6)When the steam pressure reaches to 0.1MPa, close the air vent valve(7)After making sure that everything is in order, the normal burning can be done to make the steam pressure reach required level In case of emergency generator(1)Check the lube oil level in the crankcase and fuel oil level in the tank all in normal level(2)Check to see if there is any leakage(3)Check the air pressure if the generator is the air-started model;or check the battery voltage to see whether it is normal if the generator is of the battery start model(4)Also make sure there aren’t any obstacles around the machine.(5)Put the test switch in “Manual” position, and manually start it after making sure that above-mentioned items in order(6)If you use “Auto test” model, or “Black out” model to test the emergency generator, you must inform bridge duty officer and Chief Engineer.And you cannot carry it until you get the permit from both of them.Otherwise, you must wait(7)“Auto test” must be carried out once every month.“Blackout” test must be carried out once every 3 months 6.When the main engine cannot started by the compressed air, what are the possible causes? There may be the following causes(1)Air pressure is too low(2)The turning gear is still engaged(3)There may be operational fault(4)Some of the high injection pumps are sticked(5)No fuel oil due to the fact that the fuel valve is not open or the fuel pump is not running(6)Relative locked due to some safety device actions(7)Air distributor timing has been wrong Etc. 上海船人(2009-5-14 10:22:29)

7.When main engine stops after running a while, what are the possible causes? The following reasons may lead to the problem:(1)Some of the high injection pumps are sticked(2)There is no fuel oil because valve is not open or the fuel pump is not running(3)Lube oil pressure is too low, or control air pressure is too low 8.What is the purpose of taking lube oil samples for analysis? By analyzing the lube oil sample, we want to know whether the lube oil meets the stipulated standards in viscosity, TBN(total base number), flash point, water contents, mechanic impurities etc..If impurities(i.e.metals)are found, it means something wrong with the bearing and crankshaft.If the viscosity is lower than the standard, it may mean that fuel oil may have leaked into the lube oil system.Too much fuel oil in the lube oil system can lower the flash point of the lube and also may lead to possible explosion.The important figure is TBN.If the TBN is lower than the standard, it means the loss of the anti-acid ability and this will lead to the moving parts corrosive in the near future.9.What are the things you need to take note during the handover(before you sign off)? The outgoing First Engineer shall prepare a set of handover notes for the incoming First Engineer and shall ask the incoming First Engineer be familiar with the note contents.One copy of the handover notes with their signatures shall be given to the Chief Engineer for file.In general the handover procedure shall include the following(1)A tour of the engine room, with view of the engines, documents and equipments(2)Discussion on current and future engine and machine’s operation problems, spare part requirement(3)Information on the maintenance work and program(4)Dry dock repair list, if there if any(5)Discussion on the junior engineers or crew’s capacity and personalities(6)Survey status and requirements(7)Store and status of the ship’s safety equipment and machines(8)Current status of the ship’s safety equipments and machines

(9)Safety and environment protection procedures and any special requirement by the company and in some areas in the world(10)Disciplinary procedures and management practice in the Engine department(11)Any other matters that the outgoing First Engineer thinks necessary and important After the handover, the two First Engineers should sign all the Handover Checklist as evidence and for files.大管轮也是船上特别是轮机部非常重要的职位，所以交接班非常重要。

10.Before and after any hot works is carried out, what are the safety precautions you take?(1)An application of hot work permit must made before this kind of work is done.One copy shall be put on hot work spot, and another copy in ship’s file(2)Make sure that you are suitably equipped and clothed(3)Observe carefully to see whether the weather, and the temperature are fit for firework(4)See whether the fired part and its vicinity have any potential inflammable materials or toxic gases that can arise any fire or poisoning disaster.Make sure that the hot work spot is cleaned and is free from such thins as diesel oil, kerosene, paint, cleaners or thinners.(5)And make sure that you have enough extinguisher equipment available.(6)When the hot work is done, make sure the firemen are standing by for any emergency(7)After the firework is done, check carefully whether any inflammable things are left(8)Ask one or two person to watch carefully for a period time until you are sure that there will not be any inflammation or ignition after you leave the spot.11.What kind of work belongs to hot work? When are you not allowed to do hot work? Hot work refers to all the work involving high temperature, open flames, or sparks that can cause ignition of combustible gases, vapor, or liquid in vicinity where such is done.This kind of work includes electric and gas welding and cutting or burning, grinding, metal chipping, sandblasting/grit blasting, work with sparks caused by falling or hitting, work with electric sparks, other work with high temperature etc.Under the following circumstances, hot work is forbidden:(1)Anywhere on the ship during cargo operation, when handling flammable cargoes unless the ship has got permission from the terminal and port authority(2)Anywhere and any time during the bunkering(3)In enclosed paces or where atmosphere is suspicious(4)Where painting work is underway at same time(5)Where unsafe factors are suspected 12.How do you carry out gas testing and how do you test the explosion? I use the gas tester to detect the gas composite content.In the vicinity of the places to be tested, the flammable gas content should not more than the limited figure, and no combustive materials are available to avoid any fire.13.Pleas explain the meaning of “SOPEP”? What contents should be included in the SOPEP? SOPEP means Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan and it should contain the following:(1)Procedures to be followed by the Master or other persons in charge of the ship to report an oil pollution incident.(2)Authority or person to be contacted in the event of oil pollution.(3)Detailed description of actions to be taken immediately by persons on board to reduce or control the discharge of oil following incident.(4)List of oil spill response equipment and materials to be maintained on board.(Removers, sprayer, oil absorbent, saw dust, san, d, waste rags, scoop, shovels, buckets, bamboo brooms, portable pump, protective clothing, and portable containers).Simple speaking, SOPEP should such things as the emergency contacts(telephone and other means of communication, address, etc.), the equipment used in dealing with oil pollution, the muster list in the oil pollution, and the report procedure when the accident happens, ect.14.What is the ISM Code? What is the SMS? What contents are there in the ISM code? ISM means International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention.The ISM code includes 16 chapters falling into two parts: implementation of Part One, and verification and certification of Part Two.The 16 chapters are: general, safety and environment protection policy, company responsibilities and authority, designated person(s), master’s responsibilities and authority, resources and personnel, development of plans for shipboard operation, emergency preparedness, reports and analysis of non-conformity, accidents and hazardous occurrences, maintenance of the ship and equipment, documentation, company verification, review and evaluation, certification and verifications and control, certification and periodical verification, verification, interim certification, and forms of certificates.The last four chapters are newly added in the new version of ISM Code.SMS means safety management system, and this system is mad based on the 16 elements of ISM Code, which is a compulsory part SOLAS 74.The shipowner or manager cannot get Document of Compliance(DOC)and SMC without audited Safety Management(SMC)by Class designated by the flag registry country administration.15.What do Observation, Non-conformity and Major non-conformity in the ISM Code mean respectively? Observation means a statement of fact made during a safety management audit and substantiated by objective evidence.Non-conformity means and observed situation where objective evidence indicates the nonfulfillment of a specified requirement.Major non-conformity means an identifiable deviation that poses a serious threat to the safety of personnel or the ship or a serious risk to the environment that requires immediate corrective action and includes the lack of effective and systematic implementation of a requirement of this Code.(摘自新ISM Code原文)以上内容不一定要非常准确详细地背诵，但至少要知道大致的内容，尤其要知道，ISM规则是变化的、开放的国际公约，其内容经常进行修改和增加。此外，随着ISM规则的改变，各船东和管理公司对SMS也要进行相应的修改和补充。

16.What ranks should not be allowed shore leave at the same time? In view of the jobs on board, the following position and ranks can not be allowed to have shore leave at the same time: the Master and the Chief Officer;the Chief Engineer and First Engineer;the Chief Engineer and Electrician;the Bosun and Pumpman(in tankers);the Chief Cook and Second Cook(or mess boy);the Chief Officer and Pumpman(in tankers).Any crew who wants shore leave must check with the department head for permission and return to the vessel on time.17.What is the maximum blood alcohol concentration(BAC)rate on board? According to the STCW 95, the BAC shall not be more than 0.08% by weight any time when being tested, but the CFR(Code of Federal Regulations)requires the BAC to be no more than 0.04%.Watch-keepers are not allowed to drink any alcoholic beverage 4 hours before their watch.18.When you are keeping the watch, what should you be careful about? In order to ensure the normal operation of the engines, I should(1)Keep closed watch on the fuel oil and lube oil conditions(2)Be alert on any possible problems arising from abnormal temperature, leakage, or some other problems(3)Be careful about those abnormal noises(4)Make a quick judgment if hearing abnormal noises from machines, and report them to the Chief Engineer or even the master immediately if the noises are very serious and I myself cannot deal with it(5)Obey the rules of the company and the inspections from Chief Engineer, Master and some warnings from the deck department. 上海船人(2009-5-14 10:23:45)

19.What should a Muster List include? What kind of Muster Lists did you have on the last vessel? The Muster List should include the following contents(1)Details of emergency alarm signal(2)How ship-abandon will be given(3)Substitutes for the key personnel who may become disabled on board(4)Specify the boat to which each person belongs and duties to be performed by abandon ship situation(5)The specific group to which person belongs and general duties during various emergencies(6)Any additional or specific duties(7)Specific assembly point of each group The Muster List must be ready before the ship’s sailing

We had the following separate Muster Lists on board the last vessel: General emergency, fire fighting, fire in the engine room, emergency steering, abandon-ship, man overboard, oil pollution, and so on.20.What preparations should you make before entry into port? The preparations include the following.(1)Stand by the main engine(including test engine ahead/astern by remote control and emergency local control).(2)Start generator and check power supply and compressed air(3)Test emergency generator and emergency steering gear(4)Check all the cargo gears in accordance with the requirements from the bridge(5)Report fuel oil and fresh water quantity, drain out water from fuel oil tanks/air bottles and test alarm system and monitor system(6)Change fuel oil to diesel oil if needed, reduce the speed of main engine to harbor speed(7)Test the telegraph, correct clocks between bridge and engine room(8)Make some other preparations according to “prepare for arrival port check list”

According to USCG regulations, the main engine test must be carried out within 12 hours before arrival Emergency generator and emergency steering gear test must be carried out within 48 hours before arrival.尽管各个公司的SMS手册对此项工作有不同的规定，但可能是大同小异。

21.How would you balance your engine after taking power diagram? What is the use of VIT? This is done by adjustment of the individual pump rocks(on fuel injection pump).It is usually carried out after careful analysis of the results of the power diagram(indicator cards)wherein we can decide which units need adjustment.Exhaust temperatures have to be carefully monitored since this will nearly 7 indicate the Pmax condition.Pump rack scale should be limited to within 3 mm deviation.If after adjustment and results are negative, component such as piston ring, fuel injection pump, exhaust valves, etc., have to be inspected at first opportunity.VIT or Variable Injection Timing is a device further incorporated on fuel injection pump to automatically adjust Pmax by changing the position of the pump barrel(changes the pump timing), which in turn control the amount of fuel delivered.It is usually advantageous during rough weather condition where abrupt load changes occur and so proper load distributions among cylinders are maintained.22.Are you familiar with the following engine overhauling work: main engine overhaul, turbo charger overhaul, main bearing and crankpin bearing overhaul, and safety equipment survey? Before overhauling work is done, what preparations should you make? I am very familiar with the overhauling work of the engines mentioned above.In every machinery overhaul, preparation is extremely important.The preparation usually include(1)Overhaul schedule(time and place to be decided)(2)Anticipate the conditions and or activities at the place or overhaul(3)Check necessary spares and special tools that will be required(4)Make necessary requisitions for spares if necessary(5)Discuss the matter with the master and ask for his approval(6)Inform concerned persons of the planned overhauling work(7)Conduct “toolbox meeting”, which should cover the following items: Personal protective equipment Specific duties/assignments of each work Safety measure to be taken Discuss the work with the aid of drawing, finished plan Tools and spares to be used Checklist to be done prior to overhaul Person to report to in case of doubt or trouble After the overhaul, I should make sure of the following There is no leakage and that all parts have been replaced in order All tools used are secured in their respective location The spot of overhaul is cleaned The machinery is tried out for proper operation and function All safety devices are checked 23.Why is it important to take engine crankshaft deflection? Engine crankshaft deflection measurements determine the alignment of the crankshaft and it is by means of this reading that we can ascertain the condition of the main bearings.Careful analysis of this reading would indicate which bearing to check.24.Marine diesel engines are equipped with turbo-chargers.What do you think are the causes of their surges? Surging could be caused by the following reasons: rough weather conditions, fouled air cooler, improper load distribution between cylinders, deflective turbocharger-excessive clearances, worn-out bearings, fouled turbo charger, abnormally high exhaust gas back pressure, and blocked scavenging ports.25.How do you program the “preventive maintenance service” of the main engine and its auxiliaries? What are the criteria or basis to do this? Preventive Maintenance Service(PMS)of the main engine should be carried out as per the maker’s recommendation.This could be found in the instruction manuals.“Checking and Maintenance Program” should be consulted prior to scheduling and maintenance.This will clearly indicate the intervals at which it is deemed appropriate to inspect individual components and to carry out overhauls, if necessary, based on the engine condition or on the time criteria.26.What is the advantage of oil lubricating on propeller shaft stern tube? Circulation lube oil on propeller shaft stern tube is advantageous to the effect that it will serve as lubrication by providing a film or coating between rubbing surfaces thereby reducing friction and wear.It also acts as sealing medium when under controlling pressure to prevent entrance of seawater into the rubbing surface eliminating the possibility of corrosion.27.What is the purpose of installing a mist detector on the main engine? The purpose of installing oil mist detector to the main engine is for the detection of oil vaporization, which is usually caused by hot spot like overheated bearing due to improper lubrication.Explosive conditions are thus prevented if oil mists are detected early.28.How can you be a good senior engineer? I think it is very important set an example for the junior engineers and oilers.Besides, harmonious relations with other people, especially the Chief Engineer, in my department are also very important.29.How do you prevent the fire in the scavenging air box? Considerable deposits of dirty oil and sludge in the scavenging air space can possible cause fire.The draining pipes of the space must be checked carefully and must be kept not to be blocked.The scavenging air space should be checked and cleaned regularly.The cylinder lubricator should be adjusted properly and all cylinder liners, pistons and piston rings should be kept in good condition.30.What are usually contained in repair list? A repair list may include such items as repairing items, specifications to be required, materials or mechanical parts, requirement of repair, and so on.31.What kind of safety pressure control does the refrigeration plant compressor usually equipped? The operation of the compressor is controlled by the following safety controls:(1)High pressure control, which can automatically switch off the compressor in case the system is in high pressure, e.g.caused by stoppage or lack of supply of cooling water.(2)Low pressure control: which can break the compressor automatically in case of pretty low pressure in the system? 32.What kind of machinery maintenance work you have ever experienced in your past seamanship? I have ever experienced such maintenance and repair work as: a)Dry docking b)Open-up and examination of principal parts of main engine(Pistons, Cylinder covers, Crosshead bearings, Crank pin bearings, Crank bearings, Thrust bearings, and so on)c)Propeller, Propeller shaft, Propeller bearings and Line shaft bearings d)Open-up and examination of principal mountings on Boiler e)Corrosion protection of the principal piping line(Main cooling seawater piping, Suction and delivery ballast water line, and so on)f)Open-up and examination of Steering gears g)Electric equipment, switchboard, and electric cables check and maintenance work

第五篇：应聘律师事务所简历指南

我在律师事务所负责人才招聘，每年看过的法学毕业生简历上千。因为时间有限，平均每份 简历阅读的时间不超过 2 分钟。对法科学生的求职过程中存在的各种问题深感遗憾，在此写 出来与学生们分享一下：  获得机会很简单，很认真就行 认真细致，是法律职业固有的特点，也是让你区别于其他普通应聘者的明显标志。我曾经收 过这样一份简历，正文只有七个字： 请收阅附见，谢谢。“附件”打错成“附见”。总共不到 10 个标点符号，差错率超过 10%，如此粗心大意的员 工，我是断不敢用的，所以也无需打开附件当中他的正式简历了。有些更经典的，其简历当中写明自己的性格特点和座右铭是：认真细致，但发给我们的邮件 正文当中，抬头写的是： 广东××律师事物所 还有，很多实习生来事务所实习，第一关复印资料就过不了，复印资料丢三拉四，混乱一团，连原来整齐的卷宗都搞得乱七八糟；第二关写文件，错字百出、每段落前忘记空两格、段落 距离不

一、每句话后面忘记加句号等等。连这些常识性的错误还经常犯的应聘者，试问用人 单位如何敢用？  吸引注意力很简单，多亮点就行 如何能够在 2 分钟不到的时间里吸引阅读简历者的注意力？必须注重给自己的简历增加 “亮 点”，包括： ——人的第一印象都是直观的照片而非枯燥的文字。无论你的文字写得多么好，都不够一张 让人感觉精神奕奕的照片来得直接。最好不要用证件照，太过呆板；千万不要穿运动服或者 没有领子的衣服照相，你面试的是法律职业不是运动队，需要的是端庄而不是随便。——增加一些到不同单位的兼职或实习的经历，最好与用人单位的层次性质类似，让人感觉 你对社会经验有一定积累； ——在学校各种社团任职，让人感觉你比较活跃和主动； ——公开发表的一些文章，文章主题最好与你的申请工作类型接近； ——获得各种不同的奖学金或“优秀毕业生”等荣誉称号，这是你专业水平的有力说明。这些“亮点”都有助于帮助求职者在众多应聘者当中脱颖而出。现在的社会是两极化严重，一边是大学生就业难，一边是用人单位发愁招不到好人才。所以，对于一些有“亮点”尤其是有实践经验的人才，用人单位肯定是很欢迎的。 获得信任很简单，够诚实就行 有一些应聘者投来简历，邮件正文开头就写： 广东××律师事务所：

知悉贵公司在业内拥有良好声誉，本人对贵公司倾慕已久 对于这些简历，我看了这个开头后就不再往下看了，因为知道应聘者不够诚实。如果应聘者 真的对投的这家律所有一些了解，甚至“倾慕已久

”，断不会将“律师事务所”写成“贵公 司”，这显然是套用模板所致，用来忽悠用人单位的，而非由衷之言。诚实是律师与客户建 立长久联系的试金石。如果律师在某一问题上对客户不诚实，客户可能就此永远不会再信任 他。一个不被客户信任的律师，很可能意味着他的职业生涯就此终结。对于这种忽悠用人单位的应聘者，断难获得用人单位尤其是律所的信任。所以请记住，勿以 恶小而为之。 达到优秀很简单，别取巧就行 如何成为一名成功的律师，这是很多学生询问的问题。老实说，律师是一个非常世俗化的职 业，律师的成功往往以商业上的成功例如律师费收入金额为判断成功与否的标准，所以一个 律师之所以获得成功，原因很多，没法说太多。但是，达到优秀很简单，别取巧就行。有一个网球教练对学生说： 「如果一个网球掉进草堆 里，应该如何找？」有人答： 「从草堆中心线开始找。」有人答： 「从草堆的最凹处开始找。」 有人答： 「从草最长的地方开始找。」教练宣布正确答案： 「按部就班的从草地的一头，搜寻 到草地的另一头。」 如果你是一个没有名气、没有人脉和没有经济基础的法律职业初入门者，你的安身立命之本 就是你的努力、勤奋、好学和认真，凡事“从一数到十”，不要跳过，不要作弊，不要放弃，你最终不一定成功，但你最终必定会很优秀，这已经足以让你自如地生活在这个世界上了。然后，如果再加上一点点的时机、一点点的运气或者一点点的人脉，你必然会取得成功。

大学毕业生求职，首先就是要通过向用人单位呈送求职简历来介绍和推销自己。求职简 历是用人单位了解毕业生有关情况的重要途径和方式。因此，求职简历写得是否“抓人”，对毕业生求职的成功与否起着十分关键的作用。那么，怎样才能将求职简历写得更加“抓人”呢？ 要善于写出那些能表现自己人格、品质魅力的经历 是否具有特殊的经历、优秀的人格品质以及良好的性格，已经成为当今许多用人单位在 录用人员时要考虑的一项重要条件和内容。毕业生如能在这方面进行挖掘，做些文章，无疑 是会给自己的“双选”或应聘增添一些优势的。有位毕业生曾这样介绍自己的经历，颇得用人单位欣赏并最终录用了他： “我来自贫困 山区的贫困家庭，恶劣的环境和艰苦的生活磨练了自己吃苦耐劳、顽强不屈的品质，只要能 读书，再大的苦本人都能吃。考上大专以后，我格外地珍惜这难得的读书机会，学习一直都 很用功，所以基础比较扎实，成绩优秀。现在我即将毕业走向社会，只要能给我一份工作，
，我一定会加倍珍惜，再苦再累的活儿我都能干，难道还有比贫困山区更苦更累的活儿吗？” 要写出自己对一些相关问题的看法和态度

现在的用人单位在录用员工时，已不是单单看他会不会干活，而且还要看他有没有思想，有没有头脑，有没有眼光，能不能为本单位的继续发展出点子、想办法。因此，毕业生在写 求职简历时，如果能够自然地写出自己对一些与自己相关问题的认识和看法，也可以让用人 单位对自己认识事物的能力和水平有所了解。有一位毕业生是这样介绍自己的学习情况的： “在学习中，有不少同学都认为《电工基 础》这门课难学，所以不想学。而我则认为，正因为它难学，学通学透它的人少，社会就比 较缺乏这方面的人才，反过来，拥有这门知识和技术的人就业的空间就更大。所以我是认认 真真努力学好这门课，这门课的成绩也就特别优秀……” 用人单位在看完这样的求职简历后，自然会觉得这是一位有思想、有眼光、有主见、不 随波逐流的人。这样的人，在录用时，就会被优先考虑。要学会进行横向比较 俗话说： “不怕不识货，就怕货比货。”因此，那些成绩特别优异和出众的毕业生，在写 求职简历时，就要善于突出和反映出自己的优势，把自己的成绩放在年级或专业的排位上来 进行比较，这样才更能显示和表现出你不同寻常的优势和出类拔萃的成绩。如只写“成绩优 异”就不如写“自己的成绩排在年级或专业的前几名”这样更具体更有分量。从简历判断应聘者的 12 个方法 2008-11-17 从简历判断应聘者的 12 个方法

1、书写规范：字迹潦草，涂改超过 3 处，一般说明此人比效粗心(如果是现场填写的简 历)。

2、年龄、职级、待遇是否匹配：中层管理者一般在 25 岁以上，高层一般在 30 岁以上，超过 40 岁还是中层管理的，需慎重考虑其发展潜力。待遇水平可参考所在地工资状况。非 在合理范围内的，需仔细确认或在条件允许下做背景调查。

3、填写是否完整：对未填写的空白处，如知情且无需保密内容出现 2 处以上未填写，可认为此人求职态度较随意。

4、工作经历连续性：如有出现工作经历断层，一般为个人创业、身体健康状况或找不 到工作，需详细了解原因及去向。

5、工作稳定性：在一家企业工作 2 年(普工 1 年)为合格，3-5 年可视为稳定，1 次以上 出现 1 年(或以内)换一家企业的，可视为稳定性差或工作能力不胜任要求。

6、企业背景：如果从知名企业到不知名企业，职位或收入层次一样的话，可能是能力 水平有问题。如果从不知名企业到知名企业，如果层位上有很大的提升，则可能有

水份存在，需认真考查。如果 5 年以上都在小规模非规范化企业工作，此人层面、水平都不会太高。

7、行业经历：如果几份工作都是跨行业跳槽，则此人职业规划、自身定位模糊。

8、教育背景：学历不必说了，管理类职位最好要有专业培训经历及证书。

9、家庭背景：可结合教育背景，进一步确认此人大致层次。其配偶职业、学历层次很 关键。

10、待遇要求：可判断此人的求职意向，如要求待遇明显高于职位提供范围，则说明求 职者有一定投机心理。如要求过低，可能为求职者对自己信心不足。

11、离职原因：可判断此人的价值取向、发展欲望。

12、工作职责：如与任职岗位能力有明显偏离，则可能为虚假经历。