lecture 物理类话题

第一篇：lecture 物理类话题

TOEFL IBT LETURE 物理科学类场景词汇

Lecture 物理科学类常考主题：天文学，地质地震地理学；气象学；声学力学；化学生物化学；计算机软件工程；

天文学

Astronomy天文学；astronomical observatory天文台；planetarium天文馆astrophysics 天文物理学；astrology占星学；pseudoscience伪科学；cosmos / universe 宇宙； cosmology宇宙学；infinite无限的；cosmic宇宙的；cosmic radiation宇宙辐射；cosmic rays宇宙射线；celestial天体的；celestial body/heavenly body天体；celestial map/sky atlas天体图；celestial sphere天球；dwarf/dwarf star矮星；quasar类星体；constellation 星座； galaxy/Milky Way银河系；star cluster星团；asterism星群；solar system太阳系；solar corona日冕；solar eclipse日食；solar radiation 太阳辐射； planet行星； planetoid / asteroid 小行星；

revolve旋转； twinkle闪烁； observe by naked eyes肉眼观察到； Mercury 水星；Venus金星； Earth地球； Mars火星； Jupiter木星； Saturn 土星； Uranus天王星； Neptune 海王星； Pluto 冥王星；

Cupid 爱神Juno主神朱比特的妻子； myth 神话； Greek and Roman mythology神话学；Interdisciplinary 跨学科性的orbit 轨道；spin旋转； satellite 卫星； lunar月球的； meteor流星； meteor shower流星雨； star恒星； meteoroid流星体； meteorite陨石； comet 彗星； space / outer space太空外层空间； spacecraft / spaceship宇宙飞船；space shuttle航天飞机；space telescope空间望远镜； astronaut / spaceman 宇航员； space suit 宇航服； stellar 恒 1

星的； intergalactic星系间的； interstellar 恒星间的； interplanetary行星间的； asteroid小行星； nebula 星云； space debris 太空垃圾； ammonia氨； photosphere光球；光球层； chromospheres 色球；色球层日冕层； sunspot太阳黑子（发生在光球层）；flare耀斑（发生在色球层）； solar prominence日珥（发生在色球层）；

convection zone对流层；vacuum真空；infrared ray红外线；absolute magnitude绝对量级；emission发射/散发；high-resolution高清晰度；interferometer 干扰仪，干涉仪；illusive object 幻影体；faint 微弱的； image 影像； gravitational force吸引力；molten融化的； leap year闰年； rotation 自转； revolution公转； black hole 黑洞； ultraviolet ray紫外线； luminosity光度； light year光年

地质学

crust地壳mantle 地幔core地核continental crust 大陆地壳oceanic crust海洋地壳layer / stratum地层stratigraphy 地层学fault 断层fault plane断层面

fault zone断层带rift / crack / split断裂disintegration / decomposition分解erosion腐蚀fossil化石 sedimentary rock沉积岩metamorphic rock 变质岩limestone 石灰岩 granite花岗岩marble大理石lithosphere岩石圈magma / molten lava岩浆quartz石英mineral矿物ore矿石deposit矿床rubble 碎石debris残骸platinum白金/铂金silver银copper黄铜aluminum铝tin锡lead 铅zinc锌nickel镍mercury汞/水银sodium 钠gem宝石diamond钻石emerald 绿宝石ruby红宝石glacier 冰川glacial冰川的glacial epoch / age / period冰川期glacial drift冰渍moraines冰碛iceberg冰山volcano 火山active volcano活火山 extinct volcano死火山 dormant volcano 休眠火山(sloping)shield volcano盾状火山（平缓）(steep-sided)cone volcano锥状火山（陡峭）eruption火山喷发crater火山口，弹坑caldera（开口较大的）火山口depression洼地，凹陷

处；盆地lava火山岩浆volcanic dust火山尘volcanic ash火山灰geyser间歇喷泉hot spring温泉earthquake / quake / tremor / seism地震seismic地震的seismology地震学magnitude震级seismic intensity scale震烈度seismic wave 地震波transverse wave横波longitudinal wave纵波epicenter震中epicentral distance震中距aftershock 余震cataclysm灾变tsunami / tidal / force海啸undersea landslide 海底山崩 aquifer 蓄水层swamp沼泽peat bog泥炭沼泽

Great Canyon大峡谷； Nile River尼罗河；Colorado river 科罗拉多河；crumples zones地质缓冲地带；bedrock岩床；bulge凸起物

地理学

hemisphere 半球meridian 子午线 / 经线parallel平行圈latitude纬线longitude 经线 / 经度elevation海拔

altitude高度 / 海拔

horizon地平线

equator赤道

temperature latitudes温带地区tropics 热带地区

Arctic / the North Pole 北极Antarctic 南极the Antarctic Continent 南极洲the Antarctic Circle南极圈the Arctic Circle北极圈aurora极光tropics of Cancer 北回归线tropics of Capricorn 南回归线international date line国际日期变更线time difference 时差time zone时区topography 地形 / 地形学plain平原plateau / highland 高地lowland 低地basin 盆地oasis绿洲enclave飞地peak山峰cordillera / ranges山脉carven / cave洞穴terrain地域subterranean地底下coastland 沿海地区coastline海

岸线watershed分水岭upper reaches上游lower reaches下游tributary 支流deposit沉积spring / fountain泉水iceberg 冰山riverbed河床gulf / bay海湾waterfall 瀑布cascade小瀑布；喷流reef暗礁tide湖水torrent水的急流tropical rain forest热带雨林continental island 大陆岛volcanic island 火山岛coral island珊瑚岛islet小岛peninsular半岛archipelago群岛delta三角洲landlocked area内陆inland waterway 内陆河subcontinent 次大陆cliff山崖valley山谷hillside / mountain slope山坡continental shelf大陆架canyon / gorge峡谷channel / strait 海峡remote-sensing遥感的terrestrial 地球的/陆地的terrestrial heat / geothermal 地热terrestrial magnetism 地磁continental drift 大陆漂移学sea-floor spreading 海床扩展evaporation蒸发salinity含盐度ocean bottom 海床sediment 沉积物tropical热带的temperate 温带的frigid 寒带的frost heaving冻胀现象tundra苔原，冻原fieldstone卵石the Mediterranean Sea地中海the primeval forest原始森林Scandinavia斯堪的纳维亚(半岛)(瑞典、挪威、丹麦、冰岛的泛称)fjord峡湾coral reef珊瑚礁Chalk白垩纪cataclysm大洪水ridge山脊；分水岭abyss 深渊territory 版图；领土地域Pyrenees比利牛斯山脉Carpathians喀尔巴阡山脉Vesuvius维苏威火山Pompeii庞贝precipice悬崖eon世；纪；代glacier冰河Pangaea盘古大陆dune 沙丘Lagoon 咸水湖

气象学

meteorology 气象学meteorologist气象学家meteorological station气象站forecast / predict预报climate气候atmosphere大气层troposphere对流层stratosphere平流层mesosphere 中间层ionosphere电离层exosphere逸散层cold front 冷锋warm air mass热气团current（气）流moisture潮湿，水气spell某种天气持续一段时间vapor

蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp / moist / humid潮湿humidity 湿度moisture潮湿 / 水分saturate饱和dew露frost 霜fog / mist 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水condense浓缩crystal 水晶体sheet（水、冰、雪的）一层downpour / torrential rain大雨tempest(storm)/ torrential rain暴风雨drizzle细雨shower阵雨hail冰雹blizzard / snowstorm暴风雪avalanche / snow slide 雪崩precipitation（雨、露、雪等）降水thunder 雷breeze微风sandstorm 沙暴monsoon季风gale大风whirlwind 旋风typhoon台风hurricane飓风tornado / twister / cyclone龙卷风wind scale风级tsunami / seismic sea wave海啸tidal wave潮汐；浪潮upper atmosphere上层大气funnel漏斗云disaster / calamity / catastrophe灾难devastation破坏submerge 淹没drought 旱灾convection对流wind velocity风速wind direction 风向long-range forecast长期预报numerical weather prediction数值天气预报

环保相关

ecology 生态学； ecosystem生态系统；balance of nature自然界生态平衡；fauna动物群；flora 植物群；rain forest雨林；food chain 食物链；acid rain酸雨；carbonic acid 碳酸； sulfuric acid 硫酸；greenhouseeffect温室效应infrared radiation红外线辐射；ozone layer / ozonosphere臭氧层；ultraviolet radiation紫外辐射；pollution control污染控制；air pollution 空气控制；water pollution 水污染；noxious / toxic 有毒的；fumes（有毒的）废气；waste 废物；solid waste固体废物；sewage / wastewater污水‘sewage purification污水净化；swage disposal污水处理；decibel（噪音）分贝 能源相关

fossil fuel矿物燃；process of photosynthesis光合作；用solar energy太阳能；nonrenewable不可再生的；energy conservation保护能源；resource资源；energy

source能源资源；tidal energy 潮汐能；fuel-efficient节能型的；rush hour高峰期；zero emission零辐射；wildness野生/天然；preservation保护；atmosphere大气；carbon 碳； dioxide 二氧化物；burning of coal and oil煤油燃烧；global warming全球变暖；greenhouse effect温室效应；rise in sea level海平面上升；long-term climatic change长期的气候变化；environmental recycling center再循环利用中心；litter/trash garbage垃圾；pollutant污染物；desertification沙漠化；deforest 滥伐森林；drought干旱；water shortage 水源缺乏；offshore spillage近海岸溢出；carbon dioxide release 二氧化碳排放；industrial sewage工业污水；deteriorate恶化；recycling再循环；purify 净化；acid rain酸雨； sewage disposal污水处理； environment protection环境保护； ozone layer臭氧层； waste disposal废物处理； emission（汽车废气的）排放； soot烟尘； El Niño厄尔尼诺现象

第二篇：学术会议通知 A lecture Notice范文

Notice Herbert Pierson, Visiting Professor from Saint John University, USA will be holding a talk on “How to Improve English Writing” on March 5, 2014 at 2:30-4:00 p.m.The meeting will be held in Lecture Hall 405, Humanities Building.All postgraduate students are welcome.XXX

2014.03.05

第三篇：lecture一带一路演讲稿

Honorable judges, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen: It is great honor and pleasure to be here on this beautiful Sunday to share with you my sentiments about the Belt and Road: China and the world.More than two millennia ago the diligent and courageous people of Eurasia explored and opened up several routes of trade and cultural exchanges that linked the major civilizations of Asia, Europe and Africa, collectively called the Silk Road by later generations.For thousands of years, the Silk Road Spirit-“peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutual benefit”-has been

passed from generation to generation, promoted the progress of human civilization, and co-ntributed greatly to the prosperity and development of the countries along the Silk Road.Symbolizing communication and cooperation between the East and the West, the Silk Road Spirit is a historic and cultural heritage shared by all countries around the world.In the 21st century, a new era marked by the theme of peace, development, cooperation and mutual benefit, it is all the more important for us to carry on the Silk Road Spirit in face of the weak recovery of the global economy, and complex international and regional situations.When Chinese President Xi Jinping visited Central Asia and Southeast Asia in September and October of 2013, he raised the initiative of jointly building the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road(hereinafter referred to as the Belt and Road), which have attracted close attention from all over the world.It is a great undertaking that will benefit people around the world.The Belt and Road is a wide friend circle to link Asia, Europe and Africa, which anyone interested in it can join in;the Belt and Road is a way to seek benefits for everybody, which let a hundred flowers blossom;the Belt and Road is a way to support the joint development of all countries, instead of only pursuing outshining others.From Opium War to the Revolution of 1911, from the Communist Party of China being found to New China being found, from reform and open at the end of 70s to now, we are striving for the great renewal of the Chinese nation – this is what countless patriots and revolutionary martyrs yearned for.Through protracted and arduous struggle, we have, making the utmost sacrifice, made epic accomplishments.We brought an end to, once and for all, the misery of old China, a poor and weak country that had suffered from both domestic turmoil and foreign aggression in modern times, and launched the Chinese nation's irreversible historic march to development and great renewal.It has thus enabled the Chinese nation, which has a civilization of over 5,000 years, to stand rock-firm with a completely new image in the family of nations.China′s economy is closely connected with the world economy now.In other words, China has integrated into the world and the world needs China.The Belt and Road Initiative supported by countries around the world since raised indicate that we have more discourse power in the word.The Belt and Road cooperation features mutual respect and trust, mutual benefit and win-win cooperation, and mutual learning between civilizations.As long as all countries along the Belt and Road make concerted efforts to pursue our common goal, there will be bright prospects for the Belt

and

Road, and the people of countries along the Belt and Road can all benefit from this Initiative.As a postgraduate student in China, we must strive to do our work well in order to meet new challenges.The world is changing, China is changing, we youth should also change to keep pace with it, to fight for our country.

第四篇：文化概要-lecture 2-mythology

Lecture 1

Chinese Mythology

★ Language Focus(student’s work)

第一题

1.找三个同学上黑板写单词，找一个同学读单词，纠正发音。

2.补充5个单词

3.单词学习方法：①词汇升级：【用高级的词表达更精确的意思】

第二题 给学生三分钟熟悉句子，然后让学生翻译：【②词汇活用】

自然主义观点，商业道德，歌颂祖国，拜金主义，城市繁华，防止骚乱，深受景仰，联邦法庭，联邦法庭的等级系统，使消防员窒息。

第三题 大家一起做，顺便讲解内容和词汇

总结：【③词汇联想】

近义词：praise, extol, eulogizeEntwine, intertwine, weave

同一主题的词：神，神话, 宗教：

myth, legend, worship, cult, tenet, deity, pantheon, fairy 【PPT解释点】, saint, polytheistic, prophecy, reincarnation，Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism

★ Warm-up: Picture Discussion

1.The Goddess Chang’e’s Fly to the Moon(with the elixir of life, chased by her famous archer-husband).2.Hou Yi Shooting Down Nine Suns

3.The Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea

4.Kua Fu Chasing the Sun

★ Team work

Team 1: A brief of Chinese mythology

Exercise 2:

有没有不理解的句子和词汇。

1.When was ancient Chinese mythology created?

How was it circulated?

2.Why is it similar to modern religion?

3.What’s the difference between a myth and a legend? 【PPT解释点】

4.无

5.What’s the relationship between Chinese mythology and reality?

6.7.无

Team 2: Roots of Chinese Mythology

Exercise 3:

XiaSnake to dragon 【PPT解释点】

ShangShang Di 【口头解释点】, natural deities,ZhouConfucianism & Taoism 【板书：孔子，老子的说法】Confucius & Laozi

The Qin dynasty【板书：Burn books and bury Confucian scholars alive(Great Confucian Purge)】

【A hierarchy of deities】

Before 100 A.D.Arrival of Buddhism

Team 3: Common Themes

1.What are the common themes?

2.How did ancient Chinese People understand the creation of the world?

3.Why do Chinese people respect the elder and deceased ancestors?

Team 4: Features

1.What are the Features?

Labor & Creation

Perseverance & self-sacrifice

Against oppression 【fight against nature】

True love

Good deeds

【the shaping of national characteristic: “勤劳”，“诚实”，“勇敢”，“善良”，“智慧”的中国人】

★ Review & Assignment

1.Content:

Brief, history, themes & features

2.Assignment:

① Exercises of Text C

② 从嫦娥奔月，后羿射日，八仙过海和夸父追日中任选一个故事来讲，篇幅与Text B相仿即可。③ 预习：Unit 2: Language Focus 1-3

Knowledge Focus 2

第五篇：物理专业类求职信

尊敬的领导：

您好！

我是XX大学物理系XX级的学生。当一名人民教师是我自小的夙愿，自从进入XX大校门的那一刻起，我就决定把青春献给教育事业。毕业在即，我发自荐材料向贵校自我推荐。

大学四年期间，我全面系统的塑造自己。在学习上，我刻苦勤奋，虚心向上，学习成绩优异、专业知识扎实，具有较强的动手能力和实验操作能力。同时，为了拓宽知识面，阅读了大量的课外书籍。利用课余时间学习了计算机知识，具有一定的计算机操作能力。并且，针对我的专业，利用试讲和教育实习的机会，使自己的授课和从教能力得到了很大的提高，取得了优异的成绩，为将来的工作打下了坚实的基矗。

我热爱教师这个职业，喜欢与学生在一起的感觉，教育实习的日子更加坚定了我的选择，一个人要想取得成功，进取心、承受力和敬业心不可无，我有成为一名好老师的自信。将军扬威，志士展才教需要广阔的天地，久闻贵校是培养人才的基地，教师成长的沃壤，贵校科学的管理制度和明达的择人观念使我觉得能到贵校工作是我最理想的选择。毛遂自荐，求展鲲鹏之志，热诚的奉献之心和出色的工作表现回报您的认可。

非常感谢您在百忙之中抽时间阅读我的简历。最后祝贵单位广纳贤才，再创辉煌！

求职人：XXX

时间：xx年xx月xx日