开放英语3教案

第一篇：开放英语3教案

开放英语3教案

(供给没时间来上面授课的同学自学参考用)二．开放英语Ⅱ（1）课程说明

开放英语3是广播电视大学开放教育本科非英语专业的公共基础课。

本课程是专门为具有初级英语基础的成人自学英语而设计的，以600词为起点，通过3个模块的学习，使你的英语达到中级水平，认知词汇4000左右。本课程在学习语音、语法、词汇、语言功能等语言基础知识及掌握听、说、读、写语言技能的同时，了解英语国家的文化习俗，提高用英语进行交际的能力。侧重培养学生的阅读能力，为学生的进一步学习和运用英语打好基础。功能意念表

1、本课程重难点介绍； Unit 1-Unit 6中的重、难点。

1.六种现在时态和过去时态的区别和运用（一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时）

2.一般过去时被动语态

3.定语从句

4.谈论将来的方法

时态的区别和运用，比较容易混淆的是：一般过去时和现在完成时。一般过去时常用于这个时态用来表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。它既可以指某次具体的动作，也可以指重复性的动作, 常与表示过去特定时间的状语连用。例如：

When I was a little girl, my brothers and I collected stamps for many years.而现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果，着眼点在现在。现在完成时常与不确定的过去时间状语连用，如：just, before, once等，也同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用，如：now, today, this morning, this month, this year等。但不能同特定的过去时间状语连用，如：in 1933, last year等。或表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在，并可能延续下去的动作。常同表示一段时间的状语连用，如：so far, since, for a long time, for the last few years等。我们来看一个例子：

She has lost her wallet.(可能现在没钱花了。)He has worked here for over twenty years.所以在使用这两种时态时，要特别注意与他们搭配的时间状语。同时这两种时态的使用也涉及到动词的过去式和过去分词的正确运用。

一般过去时的被动语态也是前六单元的一个重点。一般过去时被动语态由：主语（动作承受者）+ was / were + 过去分词（+ by + 施动者）构成。与主动语态相比，主动语态中主语是谓语动作的执行者。例如： The policeman caught the thief.（主动语态）

The thief was caught by the policeman.（被动语态）

关于定语从句也是复习内容，大家主要要区别定语从句中关系代词who, which, that, whose 的使用情况。Who 在从句中做主语，是主格，只可指人；which一般指物，在从句中既可以做主语，也可以用作宾语（在非正式文体中可以省去）；that在从句中既可以做主语，也可以做宾语（在非正式文体中可省去）；它既可以指人，也可以指物，因此在使用在使用who 和which的地方都可以用that;whose 是who的所有格，在从句中用作定语，多指人。我们一起来看一些例子：

He talked to Mr.White who / that was the chairman of the committee.The book which / that you are reading is written by Mark Twain.A teacher is a person whose duty is to teach

谈论将来可以用现在进行时、be going to 结构，plan to do sth.，I‘d like to…, I hope to…, I might结构，它们之间有微妙的差别，参看教材95页的说明，在使用时加以注意。

Unit 7-Unit 12的重、难点。(contents of tutorial two（辅导2的内容）)1.therefore, although和however的用法 2．现在完成进行时

3．虚拟条件句

4．进行时的被动语态

5．间接引语

我们先来看看therefore, although, 和however的用法。therefore表结果,比so显得更正式一些，在句中常与and连用；如：He worked day and night, and therefore he was able to buy a new sports car.although表示―虽然……，但是……‖所引导的从句可以放在主句前面，也可以放在主句的后面。在主句前面时，要用逗号与主句隔开；如: Although they were 75 years old, they still played tennis every day.；由于although的中文意思是―虽然……，但是……‖，很多学员容易犯的一个错误是用了although后，又用but，这在英语里是错误的。however表示转折，与but意思相同，但是较正式的说法。However在句中位置较灵活，在句首时，后面常用逗号。如：He was wealthy.However, he was very mean.接下来是现在完成进行时。现在完成进行时强调动作从过去某个时间一直持续到现在，而且还要继续下去。其基本构成是：have / has + been doing…（基本结构）

have / has not + been doing…（否定形式）

Have / has + 主语 + been doing…（一般疑问句形式）

特殊疑问句形式将疑问词置于句首 我们来看一个例子：

I‘ve been working here for three years.I haven‘t been working here for three years.Have you been working here for three years? How many years have you been working here? Who have been working here for three years? 进行时的被动态形式。进行时被动语态分为现在进行时被动语态和过去进行时被动语态。这两种被动语态的时态是通过be动词来体现的。我们分别来看它们的基本结构：

现在进行时被动语态：

be(am / is / are)+ being + 动词过去分词

过去进行时被动语态：

be(was / were)+ being + 动词过去分词

这两种被动语态的否定形式和疑问句形式都是在be动词上发生变化。例如：

His behaviour is not being blamed by the public.Were 200 people being treated? Where were 200 people being treated?

间接引语原来也学习过。要注意的是间接引语中主句时态和从句时态的一致性原则。一般来说，如果主句谓语动词为过去时，在将直接引语变为间接引语时，要将直接引语中的谓语动词时态往前推一个时间档，即一般现在时变为一般过去时，一般过去时则变为过去完成时，看下面的例子：

― My parents live in Beijing,‖ She said.She said her parents lived in Beijing.―I was ill on the flight,‖ he said.He said he had been ill on the flight.Unit 13-Unit 18的重难点： [ contents of tutorial three（辅导3的内容）] 1.情态动词的使用

2.动名词和动词不定式

3.非限定定语从句

4.将来完成时

5.现在完成时被动语态

6.反意疑问句

常用的情态动词主要是may, must, should和ought to。May是可能的意思；Must的意思是 ―必须‖，用来表示义务和强制； should 意思是―应该‖，用于第二人称时常可表示温和的建议或命令；ought to 和should 意义相近，在日常生活交际中常常被使用。这几个情态动词的否定形式基本上都是在其后加否定词not，只有ought to 的否定形式为ought not to。

动词-ing形式可以构成动名词，动名词具有名词的特征，可以做句子的主语和宾语，如：

Reading is a good habit.I like running.英语中有的动词后既可以接动名词，也可以接动词不定式。在某些情况下，接动名词和不定式的意思是一样的，但有些动词后接动名词和不定式则表示完全不同的意思，在使用时要加以区分，如：

I remember telling her about the meeting.(我记得将有关会议的事情告诉她了。)

Please remember to post the letter.（请记住把信寄了。）

He stopped smoking.（他停止了抽烟。）

He stopped to smoke.（他停了下来，开始吸烟。）

Remember doing sth.表示记得干过什么事；而remember to do sth.表示记得去干什么事，事情还没有干。Stop doing sth.表示停止干某事；stop to do sth.表示停下来去干另一件事。

也有一些动词后只能接动名词形式，如admit, avoid, enjoy, finish等，有的动词后只能接动词不定式形式，如：allow, refuse, promise等，这需要我们碰到一个记住一个，不断积累。

关于非限定定语从句，它与所修饰的单词之间关系松散，只是提供有用的补充。在书面语中，用逗号与主句分开，因此关系代词不能省略。

〈开放英语3〉中学到的最后一个时态是将来完成时。它表示将来某个时间之前已经完成的动作，并对此后产生影响，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。其结构是：

肯定式： will have + 动词过去分词

否定式：will not / won‘t have + 动词过去分词

疑问式： Will + 主语 + have + 动词过去分词

反意疑问句中，句尾问句附在陈述句之后。陈述句如果是肯定结构，句尾即用否定结构；反之，陈述句如是否定结构，句尾句则用肯定结构；而且如果陈述句的主语不是代词，在句尾句中要用适当的代词指代陈述句中的主语, 如果句尾句是否定结构，要用缩略形式。例如：

He has been there, hasn‘t he? Mary won‘t go, will she?

Unit 1 Ⅰ、四种基本句型的构成和用法

（一）主系表（―系‖指系动词)比如： be(是)I am，You are He We 肯定式：I'm a teacher She is You are You are a student.It They He is an engineer.否定式：You are not(aren't)a student.疑问式：Are you a student?

（二）主谓宾（实义动词，有完全的词义，并能独立作谓语动词）肯定式:：

1、I study English.2、He plays the piano every day.否定式：

主语+do(does)+not+原形动词+其它成份

1、Mary does not(doesn't)learn Chinese.2、I do not(don't)play football.疑问式：

Do(does)+主语+原形动词+其它成分？

1、Do you study English?

2、Does he study English every morning?

（三）主谓状： 肯定式：

1、Tom gets up early every day.2、I go to work by bus every day.否定式：

1、Tom doesn't get up early every day.2、I don't go to work by bus every day.疑问式：

1、Does Tom get up early every day?

2、Do you go to work by bus every day?

（四）There+be+主语+状语 肯定式：

1、There is(There's)a picture on the wall.谓语 主语 状语

2、There are(There're)150 students in our class.否定式：

1、There isn't any picture on the wall.2、There aren't any books on the table.疑问式：

1、Is there any picture on the wall?

2、Are there any books on the table?

Ⅱ、四种时态的用法 一、一般现在时

（一）、概念和用法：

1、现在经常性或习惯性的动作：

1）I work in a factory.(指我的职业)2)He gets up at 7 every day.(指每天如此)

2、现在存在的情况 1)She is a nurse.2)There is a map on the wall.3、客观事实或普遍真理 1）He sun rises in the east.2）Two and four is/makes six.（二）、行为动词一般现在时的否定式和疑问式： 1.否定式：

主语+do(does)+not+原形动词+（其它成分）I do not go to class on Sundays.星期日我不去上课。

He does not study English.他不学英语。注意：

1）do(does)是助动词，没有词义，只起构成否定的作用。第三人称单数用 does，其它人称都用 do。

2）do（does）后面的动词是原形动词，没有人称、数的变化。如上例的 go 和 study。3）用作助动词的 do（does）没有词义。用作行为动词的 do（does）有词义，意为―做‖，如：

I do not do morning exercises on Sundays.星期天我不做早操。

（第一个do是助动词，第二个do是行为动词）2.疑问式：

1）Do(Does)+主语+原形动词+（其它成分）? Do you get up early? 你起床早吗？

Does he study English every morning? 他每天早晨学英语吗？

现以read为例将行为动词的否定、疑问及其回答形式，列表如下：

肯定式 否定式 疑问式 回 答 I read I do not read.Do I read? Yes, you do.No, you do not.He/She reads.He/She does not read.Does he/she read? Yes,he/she does.No,he/she does not.We read We do not read.Do we read? Yes, you do.No, you do not.[注]：

do not的简写是 don‘t；does not的简写是doesn‘t 在口语中一般用简写形式，如： I don‘t read.He doesn‘t read.2）带有what,where,who等疑问词的特殊疑问句

疑问词（what,where,who）+do(does)+主语+原形动词+（其它成分）？ 例如：

--What do you study?--I study English.--Where does he work?--He works in Peking.但： Who helps you?（问主语时不要助动词）

二、现在进行时:

（一）、概念:表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行着的动作。

（二）、构成: am are + 现在分词 is 现在分词

（V-ing V=verb 动词）: play ── playing have ── having begin ── beginning swim ── swimming lie ── lying die ── dying

（三）、用法举例： 1.Peter is telling a story.2.You are playing football.3.I am eating my lunch.否定式:

Mary is not writing to her parents now.疑问式: Is Mary writing to her parents? Notes: 有些表示状态和感觉的动词一般不能用于进行时态: want, forget, believe, know, love, like, hate, remember, realize, think(认为), be(是), have(有)

（四）、一般现在时与现在进行时的区别：

一般现在时主要是表示经常性或习惯性的动作，经常存在的情况或状态；而现在进行时则表示此刻或当前这一段时间正在进行的动作，由―be（随人称而变）+现在分词（即由动词原形+ing）‖构成。试比较：

He does morning exercises every day.他每天做早操。

He is doing morning exercises now.他现在正在做早操。

She often reviews her English lessons.她经常复习英语课。

She is reviewing her English lessons at the moment.她目前正在复习英语课。三、一般过去时:

（一）、概念：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状况，常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：

Yesterday, last year，three days ago, in 1990, before liberation…

（二）、构成：由动词的过去式来表示。1.规则动词的过去式 １).在动词后加-ed或-d worked stayed wanted lived ２).―辅音字母＋y‖结尾的动词先将y变为i，再加-ed。如: studied, tried ３).重读闭音节或r音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写辅音字母再加-ed（以x结尾的词除外），如： stop—stopped planned, permitted

（但opened), preferred, omitted 2.不规则动词的过去式 1)．改变动词中的元音 begin—began drink—drank come—came eat—ate grow—grew run—ran know—knew say—said win—won speak—spoke take—took write—wrote get—got 2)．变词尾的-d为-t build—built lend—lent send—sent spend—spent bend--bent 3).与动词原形一样： cut—cut put—put cost—cost hurt—hurt shut—shut 4).变-ay 为-aid（少数动词）say—said pay—paid lay—laid 5).采用不同词根： come—came was(I, he, she, it)be were sell—sold teach—taught buy—bought

（三）、用法举例：

肯定式：

1.He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.2.Xiao Wang came here yesterday.否定式：

主语＋did＋not＋动词原形＋其他成分（did＋not＝didn‘t）（而was/were＋not＝wasn‘t/weren‘t）1.He didn‘t do morning exercises yesterday.2.He wasn‘t an English teacher ten years ago.疑问式：

Did＋主语＋原形动词＋其他成分？ 1.Did you study English in 1990? Yes, I did.No, I didn‘t.2.Was he an engineer five years ago? Yes,he was.No, he wasn‘t.3.主语

Who did the experiment yesterday? Who taught you English in 1990? 4.What did you do last Sunday? 5.Where did your parents live five years ago?

四、过去进行时

一、概念：

表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。

二、构成：

was / were + 现在分词

三、用法举例：

1、I was watching TV at seven yesterday evening.2、What were you doing at 7 yesterday evening?

Ⅲ、―used to‖ 的用法

―used to+原形动词‖表示过去的行动或状况，且暗含―现在不复存在‖之意。例如： 1.I used to play football.(我过去经常踢球。暗含现在已经不踢了。)2.I used to have a car.(我过去有一辆汽车。暗含现在已经没有了。)3.We didn‘t use to have much money.或We used not to have much money.(我们不曾有很多钱。)4.Did he use to be a teacher? Yes,he did./Yes,he used to.No,he didn‘t./No,he didn‘t use to.(他曾经是位老师吗？ 是的，他曾经是老师。不，他不曾是老师。)

Unit 2 Ⅰ、被 动 语 态

一、概念：

当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，用主动语态；

当句子的主语是动作的承受者（动作的对象）时，用被动语态。主动语态：The workers in this factory make different kinds of machines.被动语态：Different kinds of machines are made by the workers in this factory.二、构成： be + 过去分词

三、用法举例：

（一）当强调动作的承受者（动作的对象）时；

（二）当动作的执行者不易说出、不宜说出或不必说出时；

1、These books are written for children.2、This machine was made in 1990.(这台机器是1990年制造的）

3、The question is being discussed.4、A hospital will be built here next year.(is going to be built)

5、Lu Xun‘s works have been translated into many languages.(鲁迅的著作已译成多种语言)

6、Football is played all over the world.(全世界到处都踢足球)

7、Many students are reading this book.This book is being read by many students.8、否定式：

The cars are not made in Japan.9、疑问式：

Are the cars made in Japan?

10、带情态动词的被动语态：

（can , may , must , should/ought to）+ be +（1）These exercises can(may , must)be done by him.这些练习能（可以，必须）由他来做。

（2）This should/ought to/be done at once.Ⅱ、used to 和would Would和used to 都用来谈论过去的习惯，但would只用来谈论行动，并且不与现在的情况相联系；used to 不仅可以谈论行动，还可用来谈论状态和情景，并且暗含―现在已不复存在‖之意。例如：

1.When we were children,we used to/ would go swimming every summer.（小的时候，我们每年夏天都去游泳。）

2.Mary used to be slim when she was a student.(玛丽是学生时身材是苗条的。）

Ⅲ、―keep+V-ing‖形式强调行为的重复性。例如：

1.He keeps looking at himself in the mirror.(他老是照镜子。）

2.She keeps writing long letters to me.(她一直给我写长信。）

Unit 3 语法：现代完成时

一、概念；

1、表示从过去延续到现在的动作或状况。

2、表示过去的动作对现在产生的结果或影响。

3、表示经验或经历。

二、构成：

have / has + 过去分词

英语中的动词（verb）有以下五种形式；即动词原形、单数第三人称形式、过去式、现在分词与过去分词。如：

1、live, lives, lived, living, lived

2、make, makes, made, making, made

三、用法举例：

1、Xiao Wang‘s parents have lived in Beijing for 30 years.2、He has been in the army for three years.3、I have lost my key.(I can‘t open the door；I can‘t enter my room.)

4、Have you had your lunch ?(Are you hungry now ?)Yes, I have(had my lunch).(I‘m not hungry now.)

5、She has not /never been to Tibet.Note:

(一)现在完成时是现在时的范畴，不是属于过去时的范畴。因此不能与表示一般过去时的时间状语（yesterday, three days ago, in 1998……）连用。

(二)有些动词属于―瞬间动词‖(或称―点动词‖)，不能用现在完成时(die, join)

1、Xiao Wang‘s father has died for ten years.X

2、Xiao Li has joined the army for ten years.X

Unit 4 Ⅰ、一般过去时和现在完成时的区别 一、一般过去时

一般过去时用来表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。通常要与表示过去的时间状语连用。但有时时间状语可以省去不用，比如在下例例句中可以从上下文明确地看出动作发生的时间时，就可以省略时间状语：

When he was 65, he decided that he didn't want to stop.Then one day he saw an advertisement in the newspaper and he bought a little crockery factory.The next week he told his family.二、现在完成时

现在完成时常用来谈论发生在过去但对现在有影响的动作或事件。因此不能用具体表示过去的时间状语。例如：

Morgan Rees has always been a good businessman.He hasn‘t been bored since he bought the factory.He has opened a new design office and employed three young designers.They have been all over the world to get new ideas.Ⅱ.定语从句

一、概念：用一个句子做定语，称其为定语从句。

二、结构和用法

（一）关系代词引导的定语从句： 1）Who(代表人，在从句中做主语)：

We need comrades who have professional knowledge.我们需要具有专业知识的同志。

2）Whom(代表人，在从句中做宾语，可以省略)：

The man(whom)you saw yesterday was a doctor from our factory.昨天你看到的那个人是我们厂里的医生。3）Whose(代表人或物，在从句中做定语)：

This is a story about a Communist fighter whose name was Liu Hu-Lan.这是一个关于名叫刘胡兰的共产主义战士的故事。

He lives in a room whose window opens to the south.他住在一间窗户朝南的房间里。

4）Which(代表物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略)：

Here is a book which will give you a lot of useful knowledge(n.知识).这是一本会给你许多有用的知识的书。

The sport(which)we like best is swimming.我们最喜爱的运动是游泳。

5）That(代表人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略)：

Who is the man that is speaking at the meeting? 在会上讲话的那个人是谁？

The machines(that)we use are made in your plant.我们用的机器是你们厂制造的。

（二）关系副词引导的定语从句：

1)When（表示时间，在从句中作状语）：

I‘ll never forget the day.I saw Chairman Mao on that day.I‘ll never forget the day when I saw Chairman Mao.我永远不会忘记我见到毛主席的那一天。2)Where(表示地点，在从句中作状语): This is the room.Comrade Li lives in this room.This is the room where comrade Li lives.这是李同志住的房间。3）Why(表示原因，在从句中作状语)Do you know the reason? For this reason he was late.Do you know the reason why he was late? 你知道他迟到的原因吗？

（三）限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

1）限制性定语从句：这种从句与所修饰的名词关系密切，不能去掉，如果去掉意思就不清楚。引入从句的关系代词，如果在从句中作宾语，可以省略。书写时主句和从句不用逗号分开。译成汉语时，往往把从句放在所修饰的名词前。例如：

We need comrades who know computer very well.我们需要懂计算机的同志。They have got the instrument(which,that)we need.他们买到了我们需要的仪器。

This is the best book(that)I have ever read.这是我读过的最好的书。

2）非限制性定语从句：这种从句与所修饰的名句关系松弛，只提供有关该名词的补充情况或附加说明。即使去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句不能用关系代词THAT引导。关系代词在从句中作宾语也不能省略。书写时往往用逗号与主句分开。译成汉语时是否移到它所修饰的名词前面，要看具体情况。例如：

We went to the industrial exhibition, where we saw two man-made satellites.我们去看工业展览了，在那里看到两颗人造卫星。

Comrade Wang, whom Lao Li knows well, is our group leader..王同志是我们的组长，老李跟他很熟悉。

Unit 5 Ⅰ.过去完成时：

一.概念：用来描述在过去某一时刻或动作以前就已经完成的动作或状况，即―过去的过去‖。二.构成：had + 过去分词 三.用法举例：

1、Before 1988,I had never heard of George Bush.1988年以前，我从未听说过布什。

2、After he had done his homework, he watched TV.他做完家庭作业后才看电视。

3、Had the children left home before their parents went to work? 那些孩子们在他们的父母上班之前离开家了吗？

4、The teacher told us that he had decided to give us an exam.老师说已决定要我们考试一次。Ⅱ.―to be going to + 原型动词‖

表示将来，意为―打算、准备‖做什么事情。

例如：

1、I am going to get married next year.我打算明年结婚。

2、we are going to have a meeting tomorrow morning.我们计划准备明天上午开一个会。

Unit 7 Ⅰ.to need + v-ing和to need + to do •to need + v-ing 意思是―某物（事）需要••••••‖，表示被动意义。

例如：

The roof needs repairing.房屋需要修补了。My hair needs cutting.我该理发了。

to need + to do 意思是―某人（主语）需要做某事‖。例如：

They need to repair the roof.他们需要修补房屋。

We need to study English.我们需要学习英语。

to need由两种否定和疑问形式。例如：

He doesn't need to study English.He needn‘t study English.(用作情态动词)Does he need to study English? Need he study English?(用作情态动词)

Ⅱ.to have something done ―to have + 宾语 + 过去分词‖

这个结构表示动作并非主语所为，而是使人或安排人做某事，有时可指安排专门的人来做。列如：

We haven‘t had the broken windowpanes replaced yet.我们还没更换那些破了的窗户玻璃。

The agent had the windows painted two years ago.房东代理两年前油漆过窗户。

Have they had the broken windowpanes replaced yet? 他们把那些破了的窗户玻璃换了吗？

When did the agent have the windows painted? 房东代理什么时候油漆的窗户？ 在口语中，也常用

―to get + 宾语 + 过去分词‖ 表达同样的意思。例如：

He got the gutter replaced.Have you got the gate mended yet?

Unit 8 现在完成进行时 Ⅰ.一.概念：

表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，并还在继续进行。二.构成：

have/has + been +现在分词 三.举例：

1、It has been raining for three hours.2、I have been reading Lu Xun‘s works this week.3、We have been looking for you anywhere.Where have you been? 否定式：I have not been reading….疑问式：Have you been reading…?

Ⅱ.与现在完成时的区别：

二者均可以表示刚结束的动作，但现在完成进行时强调动作在不久前持续进行的情景；而现在完成时则强调动作的结果。Now we have cleaned the room, and we can move the things in...(强调扫完了的结果)

You look tired.What have you been doing?你干什么来着？ I have been playing football.John has painted the door.(已漆完，强调动作的结果)

John has been painting the door.(还在漆)I‘ve written a letter.(已写完)I‘ve been writing a letter.(还在写)Note:在与表示一段时间的状语连用时，两种时态可以互换使用，但在口语中倾向于用现在完成进行时： I‘ve been singing all afternoon.(I‘ve sung...)

Unit 9 Ⅰ、一般过去时的被动语态。(见 Unit 2)Ⅱ、动名词

（一）动名词由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。在本单元里，我们学习的动名词是名词性的，也就是说，同时具有动词特征和名词特征，在逻辑上表达的是一个动作（或状态），在语法上体现的是名词特征。

（二）动名词的名词特征体现在可以用作主语、宾语等。例如：

1.Preparing for the Olympic games is a huge undertaking.(preparing做句子的主语)2.He is in retested in playing football.(playing作介词in的宾语)3.Do you like watching football games?(watching作动词like的宾语)

（三）动名词的动词特征体现在可以有宾语和状语。例如：

1.Hosting the games has a major effect on the economy.(hosting作句子的主语，同时带有宾语the games)2.After winning the bid, Beijing began major construction projects.(winning作介词after的宾语the games)3.Before going to college, he hadn‘t acted or sung.(going作介词before的宾语，同时带有状语to college)4.要求动名词作宾语的动词有：

mind, enjoy，like，avoid，finish, practise,suggest,forgive,mention , keep(on),imagine, risk, excuse, understand等等。Ⅲ、条件状语从句（用在真实条件句中）条件句表示―如果••••••，那么••••••。‖ 真实条件句的构成形式为：

If + 从句主语 + 一般现在时，主句主语 + will/won‘t + 动词原形 例如：

If we bid for the games, we will promote the country.If they sell tickets on the black market, it won‘t be fair for ordinary people.If引导的从句在主句前时，需要逗号与主句隔开，如在主句之后，则一般不用逗号。例如：

If we win the bid, it will encourage huge economic growth.It will encourage huge economic growth if we win the bid.Ⅳ.虚拟语气：

表示所说的不是事实,或者是不可能发生的情况，而只是一种愿望、假设或猜测。

一、虚拟语气的用法：

（a）表示和现在事实相反的假设：

If I were you, I should(would)try again.如果我是你的话，我要再试一试。

If I found the book, I should(would)bring it to you.如果我找到这本书，我会带给你。

If there were no air, there would be no living things.如果没有空气，就没有生物。(b)表示和过去事实相反的假设：

If you had been there last week, you would have seen the film.如果上星期你在那里，你就看上这部电影了。If you had come here yesterday, you would have seen him.如果昨天你在这儿，你就看见他了。

If there had been no air, there would have been no living things.如果（当初）没有空气，就没有生物了。

(c)表示将来不可能发生的情况（或可能发生，但可能性不大）： If he should be there tomorrow, he would help you.万一明天他在那儿，他会帮助你的。

If he should come this afternoon, he would call you up.万一今天下午他到这来，他会打电话给您的。

If there should be no air, there would be no living things.万一没有空气，就不会有生物。

二、虚拟语气的时态变化：以be和come为例，将条件句中虚拟语气的主要事态变化列表如下：

主从句时态 If 从句（无人称和数的变化）主 句

现 在 时

从句 Were/Came 主句Would/should+be Would/should +come

过 去 时 从句

Had been

Had come

主句

I(we)should(would)+ have+been

You/he/they+would+have+been /come 将 来 时 从句Were to be/come…

Should be/ come…

主句I(we)should(would)+be…

You /He(they)would +come...三、虚拟条件从句的其它表现形式：

1.如果 if 从句中有助动词 had, should 或关联动词were, if 可省略，把had, should 或 were 放在句首，例如：

Without gravity, there would be lots of things we couldn't do.没有地心引力，有很多事我们就不能做。

In the absence(n.缺乏)of water, plants would not grow well.没有水，植物就长不好。

But for the leadership of our party, we should not have succeeded(vi.成功)。

要是没有党的领导，我们就不会成功了。（but for=without）It would be only partly right to answer in this way.这样回答仅仅对一部分。

Unit 10 虚拟语气(见 Unit 9)

Unit 11 Ⅰ、进行时的被动语态(见 Unit 2)

Ⅱ、间接引语

直接引语变成间接引语时要注意下列各种变化: 直接引语是陈述句：

（一）时态的变化：

主句中的谓语动词是过去时态，变成间接引语须作下列变化： 一般现在时变为一般过去时（但直接引语如果是一般真理，一般现在时则不变）；

现在进行时 过去进行时； 现在完成时 过去完成时； 一般过去时 过去完成时； 过去完成时 过去完成时； 一般将来时 过去将来时

（二）人称的变化：

要根据句子意思改变人称，如： I He、She;We They 等等。

（三）指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的变化： this that;these those;now then;today that day

yesterday the day before;tomorrow the next day;next week(month, year)the next week(month , year);ago before;here there

(四)某些动词也要变化: 如：said to told 用法举例：

1、He said：―I am busy.‖ He said that he was busy.2、Mary said：―I have read up to page 25.‖ Mary said that she had read up to page 25.3、She said :―We‘all help in the kitchen tomorrow.She said that they would help in the kitchen the next day.4、The teacher said to the pupils: ―The earth goes around the sun.‖

The teacher told the pupils that the earth goes around the sun.Unit 13 Ⅰ、情态动词 must 的用法 must表示―必须‖ 1.You must do it now.(现在你必须作这件事)2.You mustn't use your mobile phones in class.(你千万不能上课时打手机)3.must 一词在使用时受到了时态的限制，因此所以可以用 have /has to+动词原型 来代替。例如：

1)He had to leave early yesterday.(昨天他不得早些离开)2)She will have to do it tomorrow.(明天她必须干这件事)4.must 与 have to 的异同

在表示义务和责任时，must和have to 意义相近，二者可以互换使用。例如：

State schools must follow the national curriculum.State schools have to follow the national curriculum.但二者有下列几点不同：

1)must多表示主观意志，是从说话者的角度出发谈必须做某事，而have to 则强调客观需要。I must finish my homework.强调主观意志，即 I want to do it(我想这样做), 而I have to do my homework before I have dinner.（则强调客观要求我这样做）。

2)二者否定式的意义大不相同。Have to 的否定式表示―不必‖，而 must not/mustn't 表示―不准‖。试比较：mustn't 表示―不准‖。试比较：

I don‘t have to finish my homework now.I can do it at the weekend.我不必现在就完成作业，我可以等周末做。

You mustn't arrive late or you‘ll get into trouble.你千万不能迟到，否则会陷入麻烦的。

3)must通常只表示现在的义务，而have to 可有不同的时态变化。例如：

He will have to leave tomorrow.他明天得离开。

Did you have to wear uniform when you were a child? 你小时候非得穿校服吗？

Unit 14 Ⅰ、非限制性定语从句(见 Unit 4)Ⅱ、将来完成时：

（一）概念：

表示将来某一时刻或某一段时间即将完成的动作。

（二）构成：

will + have + 过去分词

（三）用法举例：

1、I‘ll have retired by the year 2019.2、We‘ll have finished the work before next Friday.3、When you come back from Japan, your daughter will have graduated from a middle school.Unit 15 Ⅰ、现在进行时的被动语态(见 Unit 2)Ⅱ、现在完成时的被动语态(见 Unit 2)Unit 16 Ⅰ、表达因果关系的词与词组 表达因果关系可使用: due to, lead to, cause/be caused by, because of

等多种表达法，这些表达法前可使用 can/could等情态动词。can/could 表示因果关系可能性的大小，could 所表示的可能性比 can 小些。

The problems of the family could be due to the absence of a father.这个家庭出现的问题也许是由于缺少父爱而造成的。

Unemployment can be caused by/be due to/be because of the recession.失业可能是由于经济不景气造成的。1.due to due to 表示―由于‖，可作表语，用于 be due to 结构，to 为介词，其后需跟名词、名词性短语或代词等;due to 也可用作状语。

例如：

The high rate of unemployment is due to the recession.失业率高是由于经济不景气造成的。（作表语）

His success is due to hard work.他的成功是努力工作的结果。（作表语）

The match was cancelled due to rain.因为下雨比赛被取消了。（做状语）2.cause/lead to 在主动语态的句子中，to cause/to lead to 意义相近，表示―导致，引起‖。需注意在lead to 中 to 为介词，其后需跟名词、名词性短语或代词等，另外，lead to 不能用于被动语态。

Ⅱ.情态动词表示劝告 must, should, ought to

后接动词原型这种句式可用于提出建议或给予劝告。1.must must 意思是―必须‖，主要表示义务和强制，用于提建议是语气直接、强硬。常见形式有： must（必须/一定要），must always(一定总要)，mustn't(一定不要/不能)，must never(永远不能)。

you must keep the key in your pocket.你一定要把钥匙放到衣袋里。

You mustn't go through a park alone at night.夜间你一定不要独自一个人穿过公园。You must never say that again.永远不要再这样的说话了。2.should/shouldn't should 意思是―应该‖，用于第二人称时可表示温和的建议或命令，也可表示强烈的语气。试比较：

You should see a doctor now.你现在就应该去看病。

You should mind your own business.(你该只管好你自己的事。（意为别管闲事）3.ought to ought to 和 should 往往意义相近，在日常生活交际中人们多用后者。注意 ought to 否定形式为 ought not to.例如：

You ought to lock the door at night.夜间你应该锁门。You ought not to smoke so much.你不应该抽这么多烟。

Unit 17 Ⅰ、直接引语是疑问句：

（一）一般疑问句变为间接引 语时须由whether或if引导，动 词多用ask等。

1、Tom asked me,―Do you study English?‖ Tom asked me whether(if)I studied English.(用陈述句的语序)

2、He said.―Are you a TVU student three years ago, Mary?‖

He asked Mary whether(if)she was a TVU student three years before.(二)特殊疑问句变为间接引语时须由疑问词引导（用陈述句的语序）、―Where did you find your pen?‖

Li Ming asked me.Li Ming asked me where I had found my pen.2、Mary asked ,―When did you get up yesterday，Tom?‖ Mary asked Tom when he had got up the day before.（三）直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时须将动词原形变为动词不定式，并在动词不定式之前用tell, ask, order, command 等及物动词加宾语。

1、He said,―Please sit down.‖ He asked us to sit down.2、He said,―Don‘t talk!‖ He told us not to talk.Ⅱ、反意疑问句：

在反义疑问句中，句尾问句附在陈述句之后，希望对方对陈述句所说的事实或观点加以印证，陈述句如是肯定结构，句尾问句即用否定结构。反之，陈述句如否定结构，句尾问句则用肯定结构。句尾问句通常由be, have，或助动词加主语（须用代词）构成。例如: He has been there, hasn‘t he ? It‘s raining, isn‘t it? You won‘t go , will you?

1、以下句尾问句中的动词与陈述句相同： 1）含有 to be 的句尾问句，例如： He isn‘t 16, is he ?

2）含有动词 to have 的句尾问句，例如： You have a son, haven‘t you ？

3）含有情态动词的句尾问句，例如： You can read his, can‘t you? 4）含有助动词的句尾问句，例如：You‘ll(will)be there tomorrow, won‘t you ？

The Prime Minister has been there,hasn`t he?

2、注意下列句子中句尾问句的构成：

1)陈述句中含有 there be 句式时，句尾问句由 谓语动词 + there 构成。例如：

There‘s someone waiting, isn‘t there?

2）陈述句中的主语为something或nothing时，句尾问句中用代词it 例如：

Something‘s gone wrong, hasn‘t it ? Something‘s gone wrong, hasn‘t it? 3)陈述句中的主语为

nobody/no one 或

somebody/someone时，句尾问句中用代词 they。例如：

Nobody liked her, did they? Somebody asked her, didn't they? 4)陈述句中谓语动词是实意动词，句尾问句需由do/don‘t/does/doesn‘t(一般现在时)和did/didn‘t（一般过去时）构成。例如：

He went to the theatre, didn‘t he? You like swimming, don‘t you?

5)Let‘s do sth.这一结构后的句尾问句应为shall we。例如：

Let‘s go to the cinema, shall we?

6)陈述句中使用I‘ m …,句尾问句为aren‘t I，例如： I‘m the next, aren't I ?

1． 第1 章的重难点介绍；

开放英语3

Unit 1 Talking about yourself

Topic: Describing yourself and others In this unit you •study vocabulary related to work, leisure and studies;•revise the simple and continuous present and past tenses;•revise the expression used to to describe habitual past activities;•practise writing by using linking words and pronouns.Review Reminder 1.一般现在时

I usually drive to work.2.现在过去时

I am watching TV at the moment.3.一般过去时

On the day of the World Cup,at two o'clock may mother went back to work.4.过去进行时

England were playing West Germany in the final.use to to sth.I used to smoke,but I don't now.What did she use to do during the week 5.连接句子

He didn't go to school yesterday because he was ill.Although she wasn't watching the match,she was listening to it on the radio.Mary is a shop assistant with a job in a top London shop.

第二篇：开放英语3作业3

开放英语3作业3

单项选择题：

(一)第6，12，18单元的第二题共45个。

(二)Ⅰ.每道题下有A、B、C和D四个选项。根据句子的意思，其中只有一个是正确的。将正确的选项选出。

1.This is the best book I’ve ever read.A.thatB.which

C.whatD.it

2.If youhere yesterday you would have seen the famous actor.A.wereB.has been

C.had beenD.would be

3.The news he told me yesterday seemed.A.surprisedB.to surprise

C.surprisingD.surprise

4.He to go mountain climbing when he was young.A.used toB.was used to

C.is used toD.would

5.It was in the school garden I saw her yesterday evening.A.whereB.that

C.in whichD.which

6.I wonder if you have had your colour TV set.A.repairB.to repair

C.repairingD.repaired

7.He gave up his lifeother people could live.A.unlessB.as long as

C.so as toD.so that

8.He earned money by working for that company.A.manyB.a great deal

C.a numberD.a lot of

9.Never seen such a wonderful play.A.I hadB.have I

C.had ID.I have

10.He avoidedus a definite answer.A.to giveB.giving

C.givenD.to giving

11.Theremany trees around our factory, but now they are missing.A.would beB.used to be

C.was used to beD.is used to be

12.The villageI lived when I was young has changed a lot.A.thatB.which

C.whereD.when

13.Water is a liquidboiling point is 100℃.A.whoseB.that

C.whichD.that

14.It was in this roomthe meeting was held.A.whoseB.which

C.in whichD.that

15.If there were no water, thereno life on the earth.A.isB.was

C.wereD.would be

16.My grandfather enjoys Peking Opera.A.listeningB.to listen

C.listening toD.to listen to

the old man couldn’t hear well, she spoke loudly.A.KnowB.To know

C.KnowingD.Known

18.She often keeps usthe washing and cooking.A.fromB.in

C.forD.on

19.Journalists kept the publicabout world events.A.informingB.informed

C.informD.to inform

20.If Itime last Sunday, I would have gone to visit you.A.hadB.would have

C.have hadD.had had

阅读理解：

阅读理解1

Ⅴ.每段文章各有5个问题，每题有A、B、C和D四个选项，根据文章内容从中选出最佳答案。Passage 1

Molly Wilson was a waitress at a hotel.One morning she had to take a tray of breakfast to a woman in Room 12.The woman was in the bathroom so Molly put she tray on a table.There was a small handbag – an evening bag – on the table.Molly quickly opened the bag.It was empty.She shut it and turned to go.“Thief!What are you doing at my bag?” a voice cried.Molly looked round.The woman had been watching her from the bathroom.The police were called to the hotel.Everything seemed clear.The police officer’s report said that Wilson was caught while attempting to steal from an evening bag.The next day Molly was taken to the court.The woman from Room 12 was there too, and the judge questioned her.The woman said, “I saw the waitress opening my bag.By chance, there was nothing inside it.She then shut the bag and turned away.My money was in another handbag.”

“Did she attempt to steal the evening bag itself?”

“No, sir.She left it on she table.But if my money had been inside it.”

“Thank you,” the judge said.“This court must only consider the facts.The evening bag was empty.Now a person cannot steal anything from an empty bay.Since stealing from that bag was not possible, then attempting to steal from it is also impossible.The waitress is not guilty of any crime.Case dismissed.”

That afternoon Molly Wilson went back to her job at the hotel.1.Molly was in Room 12 because.A.she was a guest at the hotel

B.it was her room

C.she had just brought in some breakfast

D.she was having breakfast

2.There was / were on the table when Molly left.A.a bagB.a tray

C.a bag and trayD.nothing

3.The woman saw Molly the bag.A.stealingB.opening and shutting

C.shuttingD.opening

4.Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A.The woman had no money at all.B.Molly stayed in the station for three days.C.The police happened to be at the hotel.D.According to the judge, no one can steal any thing from an empty bag.5.According to the police officer, Wilson.A.tried to stealB.stole some money

C.didn’t steal anythingD.was pretty

Passage 2

TV and newspaper reporters – people who go out to find and report new to the rest of the world – sometimes have a dangerous job.Reporters usually take cameramen with them if they want to get some film of events and places when they report live on TV.Live reports are those in which reporters talk to the person presenting the news and are filmed right at the moment of speaking on TV.Mark Tailor, and Australian reporter, gave a live report on TV news the other day from Strakkan just after the President had made an announcement that parliament had been suspended.However, shortly before giving his live report, his life had been in danger.The situation had been reasonably calm but he had got caught up in some ugly scenes and the incident happened just outside the parliament building.Growds of people had rushed out onto the street, and some were for the President, and some were against,.The crowd outside the parliament was quiet and controlled at first, but then someone threw a fire bomb and fighting broke out.When Mark Tailor’s cameraman started filming people who were protesting apaint the President, the crowd got angry.It would have been alright perhaps if the hadn’t been in amongst the crowd got angry.It would have been alright perhaps if he hadn’t been in amongst the crowd, but they attacked him and broke his camera.Mark Tailor himself got into trouble when he went to help his cameraman and got knocked to the ground.He lay very still because he thought the crowd would have killed him if he had tried to get up.Fortunately for him, a big policeman appeared and the crowd backed off, and he and the cameraman were able to get away unharmed.If it hadn’t been for the policeman just then, Mark Tailor probably wouldn’t have given his report and it would have been a very different story.1.The text is about.A.the President’s announcement that the Strakkan parliament had been suspended.B.a dangerous incident that happened to a TV news reporter

C.an experience happened to a journalist

D.a protesting , angry crowd in Strakkan

2.Mark Tailor is.A.an American reporterB.an England reporter

C.an Australian reporterD.an Austrian reporter

3.The opposite of a “live report” is.A.a dead reportB.a bad report

C.a recorded reportD.a lengthy report

4.“Ugly scenes” suggest.A.dangerous situations with angry people fighting

B.unpleasant pictures

C.places that are not beautiful to look at

D.places that no one wants to take a glance at

5.Mark Tailor and the cameraman were able to get away unharmed because.A.the crowd were for the President

B.the angry crowd didn’t attack them

C.they still lay on the ground and pretended to die.D.a big policeman appeared and the crowd backed off

写作题目：1 描写一个人。

2．一封信

3．我理想的工作。

--------------------参考答案：

单项选择题：

1.A2.C3.C4.A5.B6.D7.D8.D9.B10.B

11.B12.C13.A14.D15.D16.C17.C18.A19.B20.D阅读理解

Passage 1

1.C2.C3.B4.D5.A

Passage 2

1.B2.C3.A4.B5.D

第三篇：开放英语3作文

开放英语3参考作文 patient as well as dynamic.Besides that,1.描述你的朋友 he has a good eye for detail I have got a good friend.Her name is Wu Ming.with an excellent memory.He likes taking She is tall with dark eyes, dark hair and white skin.responsibility for doing things.She looks like her mother.He is the best person you want to hire.I I am now studying in STRTVU for my further

certificate and knowledge.I come here to study half a month.Every time I have to study several

subjects or get the CIA, listening, and computerShe likes walking, talking, and discussing life with her father.She also likes looking after animals.She is artistic and musical, very funny and very good natured.She is outgoing and she likes meeting new people.She is now studying at Nanjing Radio and TV University.She likes learning English via Internet.She hopes working in London in the near future.2.给商场经理写一封70-90词的投诉信 Dear Mr.Gao, I am writing to complain about the work you have done to my colour TV, which I bought from your shop.I bought the colour TV from your shop last week.But when I came home and turned it on, I found there was no picture at all.I tried and tried for a long time, however, there’s still no picture.So I visited your shop again, telling them about the problem.But they said it must be my fault.I am very dissatisfied with your service.I hope you will replace the TV with a new one or refund me as soon as possible.Yours sincerely,(your name)3.写一篇100词左右的短文，描述你就读的学校的情况 I am studying at Nanjing Radio and TV University.This university offers variety of open and distance courses for adult learners.The students can study here and receive a diploma when they get enough credits.This university has three campuses and many classroom buildings.In these buildings there are many computers.They are all linked to the Internet.The students can use computers to learn the courses at home or in the offices.However, they also can go to the classroom buildings to have face-to-face lessons.This university is really good for busy adults.It will be a very interesting and exciting learning experience to study at this university.4.写一封介绍信 Dear Mr.Smith, I am writing to introduce Mr.Wang, my former student to you.He would like to make an appointment to see you as soon as possible.He wants to apply for the marketing manager post.As far as I know, he is the kind of the person working to deadlines and working alone.He is

think you will give him an opportunity for an interview.I look forward to hearing from you.Yours sincerely, 5.介绍自己 My name is Wing Ling.I was born in Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province.My father worked as an engineer in a large factory which makes colour TV.I studied in a primary school and a secondary school in Nanjing.Later I studied at a local vocational college majoring in business.I am an office worker at a big company.I live in a flat not very far from my office building.I am currently working on open courses which are offered by central Radio and TV University.I am working very hard at them.In my spare time I likewatching TV, listening to radio and sometimes I go swimming with my friends.At the weekends I often go out shopping in different stores and supermarkets, and sometimes stay at home reading.6.谈一谈你所在城镇发生的变化 Great changes have happened in my hometown.Ten years ago there were only ten homes, however there are hundred new homes.In the enter of the town, there is one very wonderful statue, many tourists often take photos there.A lot of old blocks of flats have been demolished.Many families have bought new cars, so the local government has to issue new parking regulations.At present one new school is being built.It will be finished next month.People in my hometown are leading one happy life there.7.有关自己爱好 My hobby is reading.Since I was seven years old, I have been reading in my spare time.I often read novles, peoms, stories and so on.I often go to the library to borrow some books which I am interested.Sometimes I go to the bookshop to select some.There are over 2000 books in my study now.My friends often come and enjoy reading with me.I like reading so much that I have a good knowledge in writing.I have got over 10 awards.I am now learning to write peoms.In my life books are my best friends and I will like them for ever.8.自己学习情况介绍 coaching.In fact , the

knowledge in every subject is hard for me, because I don’t havetoo much

time in teaching myself in the spare time.I have to work on the

weekdays.I work in school, so sometimes I have to do extra work for the

graduating grades.Thanks to the teaching methods of the RTVU, I think

it’s a little easy to understand the contents of the subjects.The

coaching teachers are always caring for us in studying here.So I think it

looks like a real university or a warm home for me.9.作文2：Notice

假设你是王华，想去北京21st Century 报社应

聘，请根据下面表格写一封80-90词左右的应聘信。

姓名吴华职业记者工龄11年

出生日期1965年7月6日出生地中国吉林长春

求职信

Dear Sirs,My name is Wuhua, born on July 6th, 1965 in Changchun, Jilin Province,China.I am a journalist and have already had eleven years of working

experience.I can speak Japanese and Germany besides English and of course I’m good at operating computer.I graduated from Journalism Department of Beijing University in 1990 and

then worked as a journalist in Shenzhen Daily till December, 1996.I studied in BBC from 1997 to 1998 and since I came back in January, 1999, I have been head of the news section.I will be very lucky if I can work in your newspaper----The 21st Century.And I think I have abilities to do the job well.Yours Sincerely, Wuhua

10.作文1：假设你是汕尾广播电视大学学生干

部，贵校要举办一次英语讲座。请根据下面提示，用英文写一份书面通知。全篇字数：100词左右。

时间：2004年5月5日，星期六晚7：30~9：30。

地点：多媒体报告厅主讲人：美籍教授Iycidro.内容：美国印第安人与美国历史。

注意事项：可邀请朋友或校外同学参加，不要迟到。听完报告后，要求用英文写一篇感想。

通 知NOTICE

There will be an English lecture on American Indians and America History

by Miss Iycidro, an American professor from Shenzhen TV University.It will be given in the

hall of the Culture Centre in our university on

Saturday evening from 7:30 to 9:30, May 5, 2004.Those who are interested

in it are welcome.And you may also invite your friends from other schools to attend it.Be sure not to be late.After the lecture , please write a report about it in English.Student Union May 4, 2004

11.描述你敬佩的或特别喜欢的家庭成员

I’m going to write about someone I look up to.The person I look up to is my father.His name is Gao Ming.I look up to him because he is wise and kind.He is always very kind to my mother, the children, our relatives and our friends and his friends.he is

always ready to give his hand to all the others.He always knows what he can do and how he can do.He never does something wrong.He is tall and handsome.He has a round face and bright eyes.He smiles alot.He has a darker skin.12.利用提示就一起谋杀案写一篇新闻报道 Criminals:A woman Verdict:Guilty Date of trial:Yesterday

Crime:Murdered her husband

Arrest:At home, cutting up body, claimed it was meat for her dinner

Evidence:Tests showed it was human flesh

Sentence:25 years, prison

A woman was accused of murder yesterday.She was guilty of murdering her

husband.She was arrested at hom when she was cutting up her husband body,she claimed it was a meat for her dinner.The meat was tested and the

tests showed it was human flesh.The woman was sentenced to 15 years in prison.13．Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a passage to state your views on the topic: My ideal job.You should write at least 80 words and base your writing on the Chinese outline below:

1.你理想的工作是什么；2.你的理由；3.如何实现你的理想。

My ideal job

Every person has his own ideal job.Some people wish to be doctors, while others want to be teachers and so on.As far as I am concerned, I have been dreaming of being a guide for a long time.First, my major is the manage of tourism, so I want to get a job about tourism.Secondly, good guides are knowledgeable and amiable, meanwhile, they have wide vision.Finally, guide can constantly expand his knowledge and understand lots of customs about different cultures and countries.To achieve my dream of being a qualified guide, I have to make sufficient preparations.Fro one thing, I must learn my specialty well and travel at my spare time, just as the saying goes: “Seeing is believing.” For another, I should enhance my

eloquence so that I can express the allusion about the view clearly.What’s more important ,I should control my mood freely and treat every traveler kindly.Being a good guide is difficult, but I believe if I endeavor to do this things in all hands.I’ll be successful sooner or later.2．Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a passage to state your views on the topic My favorite means of transportation.You should write at least 80 words and base your writing on the Chinese outline below:

1.哪一种是你最喜欢的交通方式；2.阐述你的理由；3.作出结论。

My favorite means of transportation

In a modern city, there are many means of transportation, such as subway, tax, bus and so on.But my favorite means of transportation is by bike.First, riding a bike is good for keeping healthy.I spend one hour riding to my office on working days.I think it is a good form of physical exercise.Secondly, it is money saving.Recently, the private car drivers always complain the price of gas is higher and higher, but if you ride a bike, it will cost you nothing.Thirdly, it is beneficial for protecting the environment, so it is a“green” form of transportation.Therefore, although it has some disadvantages, I like riding a bike best.3．Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a passage to state your views on the topic: My Favorite TV Program.You should write at least 80 words and base your writing on the Chinese outline below: 1． 你最喜欢的电视节目是什么；2．你喜欢它的理由；3．作出结论。My Favorite TV Program

CCTV today offers a great variety of programmes to meet different needs and tastes.For example, the weather forecast, serials, films, sports and so on.My favorite TV programme, however, is THE NEWS.There are several points that are worth mentioning.For one thing, it covers news about events both at home and abroad.Besides, the news it provides is timely and reliable.Finally, it broadcasts in the evening during the so called “golden time”.It saves me much time reading through newspapers for current affairs.In short, watching the news on CCTV has become part of my daily life.4．Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a passage to state your views on the topic: How to keep healthy.You should write at least 80 words and base your writing

on the Chinese outline below:

1．保持身体健康的重要性；2．保持身体健康的方法；3．重申保持身体健康的意义 How to keep healthy

Nowadays, more and more people know the importance of keeping healthy.Without a healthy body, we can do nothing.For me, there are three ways to keep healthy.First, it is necessary to keep a balanced diet, which is the basis of good health.It is better for us to have more fruits and vegetables everyday.Secondly, it is important to take regular exercises, such as swimming, jogging and so on.Last but not least, it is essential to keep in a good mood.Relaxation and entertainment are ways to renew our spirits and release our stress.When we make healthy habits a part of our daily life, we are bound to keep healthy.Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a passage on the topic My home.You should write at least 80 words and base your writing on the Chinese outline below:1． 描述你家的位置2． 各个房间的功能

3． 表达你对你们家居条件的态度

I live in a pleasant flat with my parents which is in the center of my hometown..We have three rooms.The first room is the main room or living room.It is for having meals,relaxing,reading,watching television and so on.It’s the busiest room in the house.The second room is my parents’ room.They sleep there,store their clothes and dress there.The third room is my room where I sleep and listen to music.The kitchen is mainly for cooking.The bathroom is for doing all the usual personal activities and for washing clothes.I like my home.I’d like to live somewhere bigger.Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter to a new friend, telling him/her about your ambitions and dreams.You should write at least 80 words and base your letter on the Chinese outline below:1.童年的梦想2.目前的情况3.对未来的希望

Dec16th,2007Dear Mary,How do you do!This is the first time that I write to you.Since you know little about me,I’d like to introduce my dreams and ambitions to you.My dream in childhood was to be a famous writer.I loved reading so much that I tried my best to read books as many as possible.When I grew up, I became very interested in science especially artificial intelligence.Now I am studying programming in North America.My ambition is that I’d like to go to the North Pole one day.

第四篇：中央电大 开放英语3 试题（精选）

尊敬的党组织： 您好！

在2012年这个我正好参加工作已经一年的时候，我极其郑重且庄严的向党组织递交了我的第一份入党申请书。我是一个喜欢上进，不甘落后的人，从童年生活到学生时代，周围的人们告诉我：人生的意义，正如张海迪所言，在于奉献而不是索取。

中国共产党，这个光荣、神圣的组织成立于1921年。它，是无产阶级的政党，是由工人阶级领导的，以中国农民为天然同盟军的政党。中国共产党以全心全意为人民服务为宗旨，它始终代表中国广大人民的利益，并以实现共产主义为最终目标，它是真正的民主的政党。是中国共产党拯救了中国，是中国共产党拯救了中国人民。中国共产党领导了中国新民主主义革命，中国共产党将黑暗从中国大地上驱逐，使中国焕然一新；是中国共产党赶走了外国侵略者，建立了独立、自主、崭新的中国；是中国共产党使中国人民摆脱了压在他们头上的三座大山，使中国人民从此站了起来，挺直了脊梁，使中国人民真真正正地当家作主，真真正正地成了国家的主人！是中国共产党领导人民，实行改革开放的政策，促进我国经济的发展，使我国人民的生活水平不断提高。

我之所以要加入中国共产党，是因为只有党，才能够教育我们坚持共产主义道路，坚持一切从人民群众出发，掌握先进的社会、科技、文化本领，是因为只有党，才能引导我们走向正确的发展道路、创造更快、更好、更先进的文明。我之所以要加入中国共产党，是因为我要全身心地投入到共产主义的事业中，为中国的胜利腾飞、为中华民族的强大出一份微薄而坚强的力量。

在参加工作的这段时期里，我时刻以一名党员的身份处处严格要求自己，起模范带头作用，尽党员应尽的职责。

在思想上，我认真学习马列主义、毛泽东思想和邓小平理论来武装自己的头脑，认真学习“三个代表”重要思想的科学内涵，自身实践，时刻牢记“全心全意为人民服务”的宗旨。作为一名医务工作者，就是一名服务者，要为全民健康而服务。全心全意为人民服务是我们党的立党之本，执政之基，力量之源。为人民服务不需要什么惊天动地的事迹，需要的是从小事做起，从平时的点点滴滴做起。在实习期间，我完成了从学生到一名医务工作者的角色转换。我想，自己要进入角色，应该首先从自己的服务态度做起。专业技术精不精，是一个人对工作的熟练程度问题；而服务态度好不好，是一个人对工作的态度、对本职工作热爱程度的问题。我认为服务态度占首要地位。在我院实习工作期间，我每天提前到岗，对病人热情礼貌、服务周到，对本职工作尽职尽责，时刻以党的信条要求自己。平时我在思想上坚定理想信念，树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观，保持思想稳定，及时调节自我，保持愉快的心情去工作。同时注重政治理论的学习，使自己接受正确思想，能够经受住各种诱惑，永葆一名医务工作者的政治本色。

在工作中，我以共产党员的标准来要求自己，牢记入党誓词，克服并纠正自身存在的问题，工作中大胆负责，不怕脏、不怕累，遇到困难挺身而出。时刻牢记党对我的培养和教育，吃苦在前、享受在后，知难而进，不断进取。医保工作是一项艰苦的的事业，因此，作为医保工作者，不仅要有责任心，更要有顽强的意志力和坚韧的忍耐力。“三百六十行，行行出状元”。作为一名医保工作者，应该充分利用医院和科室这所大学校，自身实践，努力锻炼自己，使自身素质不断提高。

在学习上，由于医保知识政策内容繁杂，难度大，我在学习的过程中，有些地方学得不够透彻，掌握得不够牢固。因此，我利用课余时间，对自己平时学习中薄弱的地方进行加强学习，充分掌握。注重理论与实践相结合，注重经验的积累。从病人入院到出院整个过程的医保结算与报销处任职学习，就是一个理论指导实践、实践检验理论，以及不断积累经验的过程。当然，医疗保险作为一门学科，也在不断发展，不断更新。因此，我们在学习过程中不能停滞不前，恪古守旧，而应与时俱进，不断学习。

在为人处世上，我团结同志，尊重领导，与上级领导、老师、同事之间的关系处理得当。工作上犯了错误，我诚恳接受上级领导与老师的批评，查找自身原因，及时纠正自己的错误。在处理同事之间的关系上，我经常与同事交流工作与学习心得，做到团结互助，共同进步。

虽然现在我还不是一名党员，但我恳切希望党组织能认可我，请求党组织能够批准我的入党申请，让我成为中国共产党员，让我能有机会在中国共产党的领导下，为社会、为国家、为人民作贡献。今后我会更加严格要求自己，牢记入党誓词。如果党组织不予批准，则说明我离党员的要求还有距离，我不会灰心或失望。我会更加勤奋工作，努力学习政治、理论文化等知识，以更高的工作标准和工作姿态去争取党组织的批准。请组织相信，我一定会以党的纪律严格规范自己，以党的作风严格约束自己，用自己的实际行动来真诚回报党组织对我的信任。

此致!敬礼!XXXX

第五篇：开放英语3期末考试练习题

开放英语3期末考试练习题

听力：第三，第五单元听力项目。

单选：第6，12，18单元的第二题共45个。

Ⅰ.每道题下有A、B、C和D四个选项。根据句子的意思，其中只有一个是正确的。将正确的选项选出。

1.ThisisthebestbookI’veeverread.A.thatB.which

C.whatD.it

2.Ifyouhereyesterdayyouwouldhaveseenthefamousactor.A.wereB.hasbeen

C.hadbeenD.wouldbe

3.Thenewshetoldmeyesterdayseemed.A.surprisedB.tosurprise

C.surprisingD.surprise

4.Hetogomountainclimbingwhenhewasyoung.A.usedtoB.wasusedto

C.isusedtoD.would

5.ItwasintheschoolgardenIsawheryesterdayevening.A.whereB.that

C.inwhichD.which

6.IwonderifyouhavehadyourcolourTVset.A.repairB.torepair

C.repairingD.repaired

7.Hegaveuphislifeotherpeoplecouldlive.A.unlessB.aslongas

C.soastoD.sothat

8.Heearnedmoneybyworkingforthatcompany.A.manyB.agreatdeal

C.anumberD.alotof

9.Neverseensuchawonderfulplay.A.IhadB.haveI

C.hadID.Ihave

10.Heavoidedusadefiniteanswer.A.togiveB.giving

C.givenD.togiving

11.Theremanytreesaroundourfactory,butnowtheyaremissing.A.wouldbeB.usedtobe

C.wasusedtobeD.isusedtobe

12.ThevillageIlivedwhenIwasyounghaschangedalot.A.thatB.which

C.whereD.when

13.Waterisaliquidboilingpointis100℃.A.whoseB.that

C.whichD.that

14.Itwasinthisroomthemeetingwasheld.A.whoseB.which

C.inwhichD.that

15.Iftherewerenowater,therenolifeontheearth.A.isB.was

C.wereD.wouldbe

16.MygrandfatherenjoysPekingOpera.A.listeningB.tolisten

C.listeningtoD.tolistento

17.theoldmancouldn’thearwell,shespokeloudly.A.KnowB.Toknow

C.KnowingD.Known

18.Sheoftenkeepsusthewashingandcooking.A.fromB.in

C.forD.on

19.Journalistskeptthepublicaboutworldevents.A.informingB.informed

C.informD.toinform

20.IfItimelastSunday,Iwouldhavegonetovisityou.A.hadB.wouldhave

C.havehadD.hadhad

参考答案：

1.A2.C3.C4.A5.B6.D7.D8.D9.B10.B

11.B12.C13.A14.D15.D16.C17.C18.A

19.B20.D

完形填空：

见书：201页第三题，307页第3题，每空一分。练习册里的完形题目。

阅读理解：

阅读理解1课本第58页文章，第145页文章。

阅读理解2

Ⅴ.每段文章各有5个问题，每题有A、B、C和D四个选项，根据文章内容从中选出最佳答案。Passage1

MollyWilsonwasawaitressatahotel.OnemorningshehadtotakeatrayofbreakfasttoawomaninRoom12.ThewomanwasinthebathroomsoMollyputshetrayonatable.Therewasasmallhandbag–aneveningbag–onthetable.Mollyquicklyopenedthebag.Itwasempty.Sheshutitandturnedtogo.“Thief!Whatareyoudoingatmybag?”avoicecried.Mollylookedround.Thewomanhadbeenwatchingherfromthebathroom.Thepolicewerecalledtothehotel.Everythingseemedclear.Thepoliceofficer’sreportsaidthatWilsonwascaughtwhileattemptingtostealfromaneveningbag.ThenextdayMollywastakentothecourt.ThewomanfromRoom12wastheretoo,andthejudgequestionedher.Thewomansaid,“Isawthewaitressopeningmybag.Bychance,therewasnoth

inginsideit.Shethenshutthebagandturnedaway.Mymoneywasinanotherhandbag.”

“Didsheattempttostealtheeveningbagitself?”

“No,sir.Sheleftitonshetable.Butifmymoneyhadbeeninsideit.”

“Thankyou,”thejudgesaid.“Thiscourtmustonlyconsiderthefacts.Theeveningbagwasempty.Nowapersoncannotstealanythingfromanemptybay.Sincestealingfromthatbagwasnotpossible,thenattemptingtostealfromitisalsoimpossible.Thewaitressisnotguiltyofanycrime.Casedismissed.”

ThatafternoonMollyWilsonwentbacktoherjobatthehotel.1.MollywasinRoom12because.A.shewasaguestatthehotel

B.itwasherroom

C.shehadjustbroughtinsomebreakfast

D.shewashavingbreakfast

2.Therewas/wereonthetablewhenMollyleft.A.abagB.atray

C.abagandtrayD.nothing

3.ThewomansawMollythebag.A.stealingB.openingandshutting

C.shuttingD.opening

4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thewomanhadnomoneyatall.B.Mollystayedinthestationforthreedays.C.Thepolicehappenedtobeatthehotel.D.Accordingtothejudge,noonecanstealanythingfromanemptybag.5.Accordingtothepoliceofficer,Wilson.A.triedtostealB.stolesomemoney

C.didn’tstealanythingD.waspretty

Passage2

TVandnewspaperreporters–peoplewhogoouttofindandreportnewtotherestoftheworld–sometimeshaveadangerousjob.ReportersusuallytakecameramenwiththemiftheywanttogetsomefilmofeventsandplaceswhentheyreportliveonTV.LivereportsarethoseinwhichreporterstalktothepersonpresentingthenewsandarefilmedrightatthemomentofspeakingonTV.MarkTailor,andAustralianreporter,gavealivereportonTVnewstheotherdayfromStrakkanjustafterthePresidenthadmadeanannouncementthatparliamenthadbeensuspended.However,shortlybeforegivinghislivereport,hislifehadbeenindanger.Thesituationhadbeenreasonablycalmbuthehadgotcaughtupinsomeuglyscenesandtheincidenthappenedjustoutsidetheparliamentbuilding.Growdsofpeoplehadrushedoutontothestreet,andsomewereforthePresident,andsomewereagainst,.Thecrowdoutsidetheparliamentwasquietandcontrolledatfirst,butthensomeonethrewafirebombandfightingbrokeout.WhenMarkTailor’scameramanstartedfilmingpeoplewhowereprotestingapaintthePresident,thecrowdgotangry.Itwouldhavebeenalrightperhapsifthehadn’tbeeninamongstthecrowdgotangry.Itwouldhavebeenalrightperhapsifhehadn’tbeeninamongstthecrowd,buttheyattackedhimandbrokehiscamera.MarkTailorhimselfgotintotroublewhenhewenttohelphiscameramanandgotknockedtotheground.Helayverystillbecausehethoughtthecrowdwouldhavekilledhimifhehadtriedtogetup.Fortunatelyforhim,abigpolicemanappearedandthecrowdbackedoff,andheandthecameramanwereabletogetawayunharmed.Ifithadn’tbeenforthepolicemanjustthen,MarkTailorprobablywouldn’thavegivenhisreportanditwouldhavebeenaverydifferentstory.1.Thetextisabout.A.thePresident’sannouncementthattheStrakkanparliamenthadbeensuspended.B.adangerousincidentthathappenedtoaTVnewsreporter

C.anexperiencehappenedtoajournalist

D.aprotesting,angrycrowdinStrakkan

2.MarkTailoris.A.anAmericanreporterB.anEnglandreporter

C.anAustralianreporterD.anAustrianreporter

3.Theoppositeofa“livereport”is.A.adeadreportB.abadreport

C.arecordedreportD.alengthyreport

4.“Uglyscenes”suggest.A.dangeroussituationswithangrypeoplefighting

B.unpleasantpictures

C.placesthatarenotbeautifultolookat

D.placesthatnoonewantstotakeaglanceat

5.MarkTailorandthecameramanwereabletogetawayunharmedbecause.A.thecrowdwereforthePresident

B.theangrycrowddidn’tattackthem

C.theystilllayonthegroundandpretendedtodie.D.abigpolicemanappearedandthecrowdbackedoff

Passage1

1.C2.C3.B4.D5.A

Passage2

1.B2.C3.A4.B5.D

Passage3

1.B2.D3.C4.C5.C

Passage4

1.A2.C3.D4.B5.C

阅读理解3p102activity5,p308activity5

划定的改错题目。

写作题目：1描写一个人。

2．一封信

3．我理想的工作。