第一篇：2018年高三英语一轮总复习专题14Earthquakes(真题回放)!
专题1.4 Earthquakes 【导学案】
单词识记
1.__________(n.)地震（同quake）2.__________(n.)井
3.__________(n.)管；导管
4.__________(vi.)爆裂；爆发(n.)突然破裂；爆发 5.__________(n.)百万 6.__________(n.)事件；大事 7.__________(n.)民族；国家；国民 8.__________(n.)运河；水道 9.__________(n.)蒸汽；水汽 10._________(n.)污垢；泥土
11.__________(n.)废墟；毁灭(vt.)毁灭；使破产 12.__________(n.)苦难；痛苦
13.__________(adj.)极度的 →__________(adv.)极度地
14.__________(vt.)损害；伤害→ __________(n.)损害；伤害→ __________(adj.)受伤的
15.__________(v.)破坏；毁坏；消灭 16.__________(n.)砖；砖块 17.__________(n.)水坝；堰堤
18.__________(n.)轨道；足迹；痕迹
19.__________(adj.)无用的；无效的；无益的→ __________(adj.)有用的 20._____ _____(v.)(使)震惊;震动(n.)休克;打击;震惊→ __________(adj.)令人震惊的→__________(adj.)感到震惊的 21.__________(n.&vt.)援救；营救
22.__________(vt.)使陷入困境(n.)陷阱；困境
23.__________(n.)电；电流；电学→ __________(adj.)用电的；带电的→ 1 __________(adj.)电学的；与电有关的 24.__________(n.)灾难；灾祸 25.__________(v.)埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
26.__________(n.)矿井→ __________(n.)矿工 27.__________(n.)掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处
28.__________(n.)标题；头衔；资格 29.__________(n.)记者→ __________(vt.)报道 30___________(n.)条；棒；条状物
31.__________(n.& vt.)损失；损害 32.__________(vt.)使惊吓；吓唬→___________(adj.)受惊吓的；受恐吓的→ __________(adj.)令人恐惧的
33.__________(n.)祝贺；（复数）贺词 → __________(vt.)祝贺 34.__________(n.)裁判员;法官(vt.)断定;判断;判决 35.___________(adv.)真诚地；真挚地
36.___________(vt.)表示；表达(n.)快车；速递→ ___________(n.)表达；表示
37.___________(n.)要点；大纲；轮廓 38.___________(n.)报刊的大字标题
39.___________(n.)骑自行车的人→___________(vi.)骑自行车
【解析】本题重点考查对本单元所学重点单词的识别记忆。
短语回顾
1.立刻；马上 __________________ 2.仿佛；好像 __________________ 3.结束；终结 __________________ 4.严重受损；破败不堪 __________________ 5.掘出；发现 __________________ 6.许多；大量的 __________________ 7.轻视；认为……没有价值 __________________ 8.在户外 __________________ 9.做演讲 __________________ 10.集资；筹款；募捐 __________________ 11.陷入 __________________ 12.埋头于 __________________
【真题回放】
1.【2017·北京卷】31.The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.A.that B.as C.where D.when 【答案】A
考点：考查定语从句。【名师点睛】
定语从句的关系词分为关系代词（who, whom, whose, that, which, as 等）和关系副词（when, where, why等）。
1.关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语，定语等成分。关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。eg.An architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings.The city where / in which I was born is on the new railway line.2.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。学% 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词可省略（非限定性定语从句中不可省略）。e.g.I find it difficult to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.I find it difficult to cooperate with the one who always sticks to his own opinion.The suit(which / that)the tailor made for me doesn’t fit me.The room in which my family live used to be a garage.2.【2017·江苏】28.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.A.which B.it’s D.whom 【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析：考查定语从句。先行词是“the World Food Programme”，“世界粮食项目”的目的之一是……，whose在定语从句中作定语，这里限定purposes，故选C。句意：1963年联合国建立了世界粮食计划署，其目的之一就是为了缓解世界范围内的饥饿问题。考点：考查定语从句
3.【2017·天津】9.My eldest son, _______ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.A.that B.whose C.his D.who
C.whose
【答案】B 【解析】
考点：考查定语从句。
【名师点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whom, as，who在句中做主语，宾语，表语;whose做定语；where, why, when在句中做地点，原因和时间状语。要分析定语从句的成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。4.【2016·北京】22.I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise.A.whose 【答案】A 【解析】
试题分析：题目考查定语从句的关系词。a couple是先行词，这对夫妻的孩子很吵，children和couple是所属关系，故用whose作定语，whose children相当于the children of whom，故选A。
考点：考查定语从句 【名师点睛】
定语从句的关系词分为关系代词（who, whom, whose, that, which, as 等）和关系副词（when, where, why等）。
1.关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语，定语等成分。关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
eg.An architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings.The city where / in which I was born is on the new railway line.2.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词可省略（非限定性定语从句中不可省略）。
eg.I find it difficult to cooperate with those who always stick to their
B.why
C.where
D.which own opinions.I find it difficult to cooperate with the one who always sticks to his own opinion.The suit(which / that)the tailor made for me doesn’t fit me.3.非限定性定语从句中，关系词均不可省略。注意关系代词that, 关系副词why, 不可用于非限定性定语从句。4.作介词宾语的关系代词
在限制和非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作介词宾语，即介词+关系代词，whom用于指人，which用于指物，不能用that。
eg.The man with whom you shook hands just now is head of our department.Mrs.Nye, with whom you shook hands just now, is head of our department.The room in which my family live used to be a garage.5.【2016·江苏】23.Many young people, most ______were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.A.of which 【答案】C 【解析】
B.of them
C.of whom
D.of those
【名师点睛】
“of whom / which”引导的定语从句：在非限制性定语从句中，先行词作为一个整体，表示整体中的一部分，即表示“部分与整体”的关系时，用…of which / whom或者of which / whom…都可以。但与表示所属关系不同，这里不能用whose来代替of which。
一、表示整体中的部分
The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人，它们被愤怒的人群包围着。
I picked up the apples, some of which were badly bruised.我拣起那些苹果，其中有一些伤得很厉害。
I bought a dozen eggs, six of which broke when I dropped the box.我买了一打鸡蛋，六个在我失手掉了盒子时摔碎了。
There are two bottles left, one of which is almost finished and the other of which is not quite.只剩两瓶，一瓶快喝完了，另一瓶没完全喝完。
The treasure some of which has been recovered, has been sent to the British Museum.这些宝藏已送往大英博物馆，其中有一些是失而复得的。
二、表示所属关系
He’s written a book, the name of which I’ve forgotten.他写了一本书，书名我忘了。
句中的the name of which=whose name。
It was an agreement the details of which could not be altered.这是一项其细节不可更改的协定。
句中的the details of which=whose details。考点：考查定语从句
6.【2016·浙江】11.Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of ______ has been proved.A.whom B.which C.what D.that 【答案】B 【解析】
考点：考查定语从句。
【名师点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whose, whom, as，who在句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语；where, why, when在句中做地点，原因和时间状语。要分析定语从句的成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。如果是代词+of+关系代词，注意先行词是人用whom，先行词是物用which。
7.【2016·天津】9.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better.A.that B.where C.which D.when 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析： 句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好。使用定语从句，先行词是 next week，定语从句中不缺少主宾表，缺少时间状语。故选D。考点：考查定语从句。
【名师点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whose, whom, as，who在句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语；where, why, when在句中做地点，原因和时间状语。要分析定语从句的成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。8.【2015·湖南】29.It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages..A.as 【答案】D 【解析】
B.where
C.that
D.which
【考点定位】考查定语从句关系代词。
【名师点睛】本题旨在考查定语从句中的关系词，要求学生掌握在什么情况下用关系副词，什么情况下用关系代词以及各自的意义。非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
9.【2015·北京】24.Opposite is St.Paul's Church,___you can hear some lovely music.A.which 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析：句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在教堂里你能听到一些优美的音乐。这是一个定语从句。先行词是St.Paul’s Church，从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出引导词在从句中作的是地点状语。用where。故选D。【考点定位】考查非限制性定语从句 B.that
C.when
D.where 8 【名师点睛】本题考查学生对非限制性定语从句的掌握情况，做题之前先看到句子中间有没有逗号，逗号是非限制性定语从句的标志。然后再看句子中缺不缺成份，在定语从句中从句主语宾语都不缺少时，应该考虑关系副词，所以学生需要记住这种方法。
10.【2015·重庆】14.He wrote many children’ s books, nearly half of____ were published in the 1990s.A.whom B.which C.them 【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析：句意：他写了许多儿童书籍，几乎一半在1990年左右出版。先行词是books，定语从句中of缺少宾语，故选B项。【考点定位】考查定语从句。
【名师点睛】定语从句有一种介词+关系代词，用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词，不及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系副词或介词+关系代词，而及物动词后接宾语，则要求关系代词。Do you know the boy to whom she was talking? Do you know the boy(that)she was talking to?此类定语从句，首先从先行词入手，确实主语是人还是物，再根据定语从句缺少的成分来辨别到底用哪个引导词。
11.【2015·浙江】19.Creating an atmosphere employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.A.as
B.whose
C.in which
D.at which
D.that 【答案】C 【解析】
【考点定位】考查定语从句介词加which的用法。
【名师点睛】解答此题需要能够看出这是一个定语从句的结构名词+连词+句子，也需要分析从句的句子成分。关系词的选择，最关键的就是看先行词在定语从句中作什么成分，而不是看先行词是表示什么的单词，如表示地点的先行词之后未必用where，同样表示时间的先行词之后未必用when。当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现“介词+关系代词”。先行词指物，用“介词+which”，指人则用“介词+whom”，且两个关系代词均不能省略，介词的选择要遵循两个原则： 1.根据定语从句中谓语动词与先行词的搭配内容而定。2.根据先行词特殊用法而定。
12.【2015·天津】15 The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ______ his employees enjoy their work.A.where 【答案】A 【解析】
试题分析：句意：公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工喜欢他们的工作。句中先行词为atmosphere，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。根据句意可知选A。B.which
C.when
D.who 【考点定位】考查定语从句。
【名师点睛】本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需要牢牢抓住两点：第一、找准先行词。第二、看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。
13.【2015·四川】3.The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us.A．which 【答案】C 【解析】 B.what
C.whose D.that
【考点定位】考查定语从句 【名师点睛】本题考查定语从句中关系词的选择。本句主要考查了关系代词whose的用法，whose在定语从句中担当定语，和其后的名词之间存在所有关系，还是比较容易判断的。此题中如果在covers之前加上定冠词the，则需要用of+which结构。即此题等同于：The books on the desk, of which the covers are shiny, are prizes for us.14.【2015·陕西】15.As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent.A.which B.where C.whom D.when 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析：句意：作为家里最小的孩子，Alex总是渴望他能够有独立的时间。这里使用定语从句，先行词是the time，定语从句中缺少时间状语，用关系副词when，所以选D。【考点定位】考查定语从句
【名师点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whose, whom, as，who在句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语；where, why, when在句中做状语。要分析句子成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。
15.【2015·福建】34.China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_______ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.A.who 【答案】D 【解析】
B.whom
C.that
D.which
【考点定位】考查非限制性定语从句
【名师点睛】关系词的选择，最关键的就是看先行词在定语从句中作什么成分，而不是看先行词是表示什么的单词，如表示地点的先行词之后未必用where，同样表示时间的先行词之后未必用when。Which在非限制性定语从句中通常是代指前面整个句子或者一个较长的词语，并且在从句中做主语。
16.【2015·江苏】21.The number of smokers, _____ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.A.it B.which C.what D.as 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析：句意：据报道，吸烟者人数仅（过去）一年就减少了17%。as引导的非限制性定语从句位置灵活，可以置于主句的句首、句中或句末，指代的是整个一句话。故选D项。考生容易误选B项which，把逗号前面的the number of smokers看成先行词，后面非限制性定语从句用which引导。殊不知，这里关系代词指代的是“The number of smokers has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.”整个一句话。另外，as和which在定语从句都可以指代一句话，但前者有“正如……”的意思，后者则没有。还可以抓住as is reported这一常用结构，类似的还有as is known/expected/planned/mentioned/said等。【考点定位】定语从句
【名师点睛】考生容易误选B项which，把逗号前面的the number of smokers看成先行词，后面非限制性定语从句用which引导。殊不知，这里关系代词指代的是“The number of smokers has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.”整个一句话。另外，as和which在定语从句都可以指代一句话，但前者有“正如……”的意思，后者则没有。还可以抓住as is reported
这
一
常
用
结
构，类
似的还
有
as is known/expected/planned/mentioned/said等。
17.【2015·安徽】28.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon______ school education depends.A.it 【答案】D 【解析】 B.that
C.whose
D.which
【考点定位】考查定语从句
【名师点睛】本题考查定语从句。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，有逗号隔开的是非限制性定语从句。定语从句的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。在定语从句中，介词后只能跟whom或which，指人用whom；指物用which。这里的先行词是skill，指物。学% 18.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry towards lower fat content and less salt.This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)61.________ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62.________(effect)such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet.They are required 63.________(process)the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.When fat and salt 64.________(remove)from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.As 65.________ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.Even 66.________(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.Fast food 67.________(be)full of fat and salt;by 68.________(eat)more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food.However, be 69.________(care)not to go to extremes.Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70.________ is not good for the health.64.are removed 考查被动语态。此处意思是“当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉后”。分析 13 可知fat，salt和remove之间是被动关系，脂肪和盐分是被人们去掉，所以用被动语态。故填are removed。
65.a 考查冠词。固定短语as a result表示“结果是”。结果是，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。故填a。
66.worse 考查比较级。更糟糕的是，人们所吃的快餐的数量增加了。故填worse。67.is 考查主谓一致。fast food的意思是“快餐”，表示一类食物，为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
【名师点睛】
语法填空题的考查形式为：在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词。考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。具体考查形式有以下几种：
一、给出动词基本形态，填写词性词形转化(转为名词、形容词)，或填写谓语部分，可能需要填写两个或三个词，或是填写非谓语动词；
二、给出形容词，需要填写比较级、最高级，或词性词形转化，转化为副词，或是填写反义词(前缀)；
三、给出副词，填写比较级、最高级，或是填写反义词；
四、不给提示词，主要填写介词、连词、冠词和代词。有提示词：考查谓语动词，非谓语动词，形容词，副词
例如第62题has had some unintended side 62(effect)such as overweight and heart disease，给出了提示词effect。考生可以从词性变化和单复数两方面考虑，effect可变为形容词effective，变为副词effectively，分析语境可知划线处应该填名词，不需要做词性上的变化。所以考生可以从单复数方面考虑，根据划线处前的some可知应该填名词的复数形式。所以考生可以确定正确答案为effects。无提示词：考查冠词，介词，连词，代词 例如第70题it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.结合语境可知作者要表达“很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处”的意思。分析可知which is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前文中的have too much of both“摄入过多的脂肪和盐”，所以填which。19.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London.It ran for just under seven kilometres and allowed people to avoid terrible 61.________(crowd)on the roads above as they travelled to and 62.________ work.It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method.This included digging up the road, 63.________(lay)the track and then building a strong roof over 64.________ top.When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines 65.________(use)to pull the carriages and it must have been 66.________(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25，000 people were using 67.________ every day.Later, engineers 68.________(manage)to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道), which became known as the Tube.This development was only possible with the 69.________(introduce)of electricpowered engines and lifts.The Central London Railway was one of the most 70.________(success)of these new lines, and was opened in 1900.It had whitepainted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.63.laying 考查非谓语动词。此处用lay的动名词形式laying与前面的digging形成并列。该词填空难度较大，若考生未辨明lie—lying/lay/lain和lay—laying/laid/laid等特殊词形变化会导致错误。64.the 考查冠词。此处特指铁轨上方的顶部工程。
【名师点睛】
在语法填空中，我们要特别注意词性转换题。如本文的，横线前是冠词the，所以横线上要使用名词introduction。，在英语中，副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，形容词通常在句中做定语或表语修饰名词。所以本句中使用副词fairly作状语修饰形容词pleasant。
词类转换题要先确定所要填的单词在句中的成分。技巧1：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。
技巧2：作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。技巧3：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。
技巧4：括号中所给词为动词时，也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词，有可能考词类转换；若是形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较级或最高级。
技巧5：词义转换题。词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-, im-，il-, ir-，in-, non-, dis-等，在词根后加-less等。
考点：考查语法填空 20.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 56.________(carrot)and was about to throw them away.But something made her look closer, and she noticed a 57.________(shine)object.Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her longlost wedding ring.Pahlsson screamed 58.________ loudly that her daughter came running from the house.“She thought I had hurt 59.________(I)，” says Pahlsson.Sixteen years 60.________(early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61.________(cook)a meal.When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone.She suspected that one of her three daughters—then ten, eight, and six—had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn't.Pahlsson and her husband 62.________(search)the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing.“I gave up hope of finding my ring again，” she says.She never replaced it.Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63.________(sweep)into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 64.________ it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted(生长)through it.For Pahlsson, its return was 65.________ wonder.【文章大意】 本文是一则小故事，主要讲述了Lena Pahlsson在16年前丢失了结婚戒指，现在失而复得的故事。
56.carrots 考查名词。根据a handful of可知，应该有一把小胡萝卜，所以用carrot的复数形式。
57.shiny/shining 考查形容词。此处根据下文的object可知，需用形容词作定语，故填shiny或shining。
58.so 考查状语从句。此处是“so…that…”结构，表示“如此……以至于……”。59.myself 考查反身代词。根据语意可知，此处填I的反身代词，意为“她认为‘我’伤到了‘我’自己”，故填myself。
【名师点睛】
在语法填空中，我们要特别注意词性转换题。如本文的57题，“she noticed a 57(shine)object”，句中a为冠词，object为名词，横线处应填写形容词。故填shiny或shining。
词类转换题要先确定所要填的单词在句中的成分。技巧1：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。
技巧5：词义转换题。词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-, im-，il-, ir-，in-, non-, dis-等，在词根后加-less等。
考点：考查语法填空
第二篇：2018年高三英语一轮总复习专题25Music(真题回放)
专题2.5 Music 【导学案】 单词识记
1． adj.额外的；外加的 2． adj.古典的；古典文艺的 3． vt.(使)组成；形成，构成
4． vt.& vi.滚动；(使)摇摆；n.摇晃；卷；卷形物；面包圈 5． adv.然后；后来 6． vi.依赖；依靠
7． vt.& vi.系上；缚上；附加；连接 8． vt.赚；挣得；获得
9． n．音乐家→ adj.音乐的；悦耳的；喜爱音乐的→ n．音乐
10． n．过路人；行人→ 复数
11． n．& v．广播；播放→ 过去式→ 过去分词 12． adj.幽默的；诙谐的→ n．幽默
13． adj.熟悉的；常见的；亲近的→ n．精通；熟悉
14． adj.吸引人的；有吸引力的→ vt.吸引，引诱→ n．魅力；吸引力
15． n．加，增加；加法→ v．增加，增添；补充 16． adj.自信的；确信的→ n．信心
17． adj.简短的；简要的；n.摘要；大纲→ adv.简要地；短暂地 18． vt.& vi.表演；执行→ n．表演 19． n．邀请；招待→ v．邀请；征求
20．adj.敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的→
n．感觉；知觉→
adj.通晓事理的；明智的 familiarity 14．attractive, attract 15．addition, add 16．confident, confidence 17．brief, briefly 18．perform, performance 19．Invitation, invite 20．sensitive, sense, sensible 解析：本题主要考查对本单元词汇的识别记忆 短语回顾
1． 梦见；梦想；设想 2． 说实在地；实话说
3． 认为有(重要性、意义)；附上；连接 4． 用现金；有现钱 5． 戏弄 6． 依赖；依靠
7． 熟悉；与„„熟悉起来 8． 大约
9． 打碎；分裂；解体 10． 另外；也 11． 分类 12． 最重要；首先 答案：
1．dream of 2．to be honest 3．attach...to 4．in cash 5．play jokes on 6．rely on 7．be/get familiar with 8．or so 9．break up 10．in addition 11．sort out 12．above all 解析：本题主要考查对本单元短语的识记。【真题回放】
1.（2017 ·天津卷）It was when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new neighbors.A.who 【答案】D
B.where
C.which
D.that
2.（2017 ·江苏卷）We offer an excellent education to our students.________, we expect students to work hard.2 A.On average After all 【答案】C 【解析】
B.At best
C.In return
D.试题分析：句意：我们给我们的学生们提供极好的教育，作为回报，我们期待我们的学生们努力学习。A.平均起来，一般说来；B.最多，充其量；C.作为回报；D.毕竟，终究。根据句意故选C。
3.（2017 ·北京卷）The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _____ more patients to be treated.A.being allowed allowed 【答案】B 【解析】
B.allowing
C.having allowed
D.4.（2017·北京）—Peter, please send us postcards ______ we’ll know where you have visited.—No problem.A.but B.or C.for D.so 【答案】D 试题分析：A.but 但是 B.or 或者 C.for 因为 D.so因此 句意： Peter，请给我们寄明信片，因此我们就会知道你们去哪游览过，根据语境可知前后句之间是因果关系，故用so，选D。
5.（2017·天津）10.I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ______.A.catching B.caught C.to catch D.to be caught 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：句意：在整个会议期间我一直在看钟表，因为我要去敢火车。根据上文判断出as引导原因状语从句，根据have在本句中，词义为“有”，根据固定结构 Sb have sth to do 某人又某事要做（在本句中to do 由主语完成），根据句意判断出本句符合本结构。故选C。考点：考查非谓语。【名师点睛】本句考查的是have的符合结构：have+ 宾语 + 非谓语，既是重点又是难点。对于have的符合结构，非谓语用什么形式，首先确定have的词义，是“有”还是“让”，have（有）+ sth to do sth(由主语完成）；have（让）+ 宾语 + do / doing / done(用哪种形式需要具体分析），所以要正确理解句意和本结构的具体用法，灵活掌握才能把题作对。
6.（2017·江苏卷）21.Many Chinese brands, _______ their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.A.having developed B.being developed C.developed 【答案】A 【解析】
试题分析：考查非谓语动词。brands是逻辑主语，和develop是主谓关系，所以用现在分词，表示伴随状 况；再根据“over centuries”可知，应该使用现在分词的完成式，故选A。句意：许多中国品牌，享誉数百
年，现在正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。考点：考查非谓语动词
7.（2017·北京卷）27.Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ______ their valuable time.A.save B.saving C.to save D.saved 【答案】C 【解析】
D.developing
考点：考查非谓语动词。
8.（2016·天津）8.Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she ____ her opinion on the subject.A.gave voice to B.kept an eye on C.turned a deaf ear of D.set foot on 【答案】A 【解析】
试题分析：句意：玛丽在讨论的前一部分是沉默的，但是最后她说出自己对这个话题的观点。A.将„„说 出，透露，表明；B.注意，照看；C.对......充耳不闻；D.踏上。根据语境，故选A。考点：考查动词短语辨析。
【名师点睛】这几个短语都是固定搭配，不能仅仅看字面意思，应该在平时学习中注意累积这方面的词汇，这几个短语有个特点，都含有一个人体部位的名词，学生平时学习的时候，可以将短语进行分类记忆。做题时找到关键词和切入点，这道题的关键是opinion和选项中的voice。
9.（2016·天津）I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to _____ a conversation with her.A.carry on B.break into C.turn down D.cut off 【答案】A 【解析】
10.（2016·浙江）When their children lived far away from them , these old people felt ______from the world.A.carried away B.broken down C.cut off D.brought up 【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析： 句意：当孩子远离他们生活的时候，这些老人感觉和世界隔绝了。Carry away带走，夺走；break down崩溃，破坏，抛锚，分解；cut off切断；bring up养育，培养。故选C。11.（2017 新课标Ⅰ卷）第三部分 语言知识运用 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt.This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62(effect)such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet.They are required 63(process)the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.When fat and salt 64(remove)from food, the food tastes as if is missing something.As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.Even 66(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.Fast food ___67___(be)full of fat and salt;by 68(eat)more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food.However, be 69(care)not to go to extremes.Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对于食物中的脂肪和盐分，人们的态度不一。脂肪和盐分对于健康来说是必不可少的，但如果人们摄入过多的脂肪和盐分，自身的健康将会受到损害。
61.as 考查介词。句意：这一趋势最初始于医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的方法。as表示“作为，以„„身份”，故填as。
66.worse 考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。故填worse。
67.is 考查主谓一致。句意：快餐食物中满是脂肪和盐。fast food的意思是“快餐”，表示一类食物，为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
68.eating 考查动名词。句意：通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。根据前文中的by可知此处应该填名词、动名词，所以填eating。
69.careful 考查形容词。句意：然而，注意不要走极端。分析语境可知be后面应该用形容词作表语，故填careful。学% 70.which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。分析可知which is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整句话。
12.（2017年高考新课标Ⅱ卷）第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Mr.and Mrs.Zhang all work in our school.They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house.They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together.They have also bought for some gardening tools.beside, they often get some useful informations from the internet.When summer came, they will invite their students pick the vegetables！
2.a改为an或one：考查冠词，因为hour音标的首字母是元音，所以应用an,故将a改为an或者one。3.interesting改为interested：考查形容词，由于此句的主语是人，而interesting的主语是物，故将interesting改为interested。
4.that改为which:考查非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句需要用which引导，故将that改为which。5.earlier改为early：考查副词，earlier是形容词比较级，不能修饰动词get up, 故将earlier改为early。
13.（2017浙江卷）第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq.Her library used to be a 36 place for all who loved books 8 and liked to share knowledge.They 37 various matters all over the world.When the war was near, Alia was 38 that the fires of war would destroy the books, which are more 39 to her than mountains of gold.The books are in every language — new books, ancient books, 40 a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.She had asked the government for 41 to move the books to a 42 place, but they refused.So Alia took matters into her own hands.43 , she brought books home every night, 44 her car late after work.Her friends came to 45 her when the war broke out.Anis who owned a restaurant 46 to hide some books.All through the 47 , Alia, Anis, his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library, 48 them over the seven-foot wall and 49 them in the restaurant.The books stayed hidden as the war 50.Then nine days later, a fire burned the 51 to the ground.One day, the bombing stopped and the 52 left.But the war was not over yet.Alia knew that if the books were to be safe, they must be 53 again while the city was 54.So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs(郊区).Now Alia waited for the war to end and 55 peace and a new library.36.A.meeting 37.A.raised 38.A.worried 39.A.practical 40.A.then
B.working B.handled B.angry
C.personal C.reported
D.religious D.discussed
D.curious
C.doubtful
B.precious
C.reliable C.even
D.expensive D.rather
D.information
D.safe B.still
41.A.permission 42.A.large
B.confirmation B.public
C.explanation
C.distant
43.A.Fortunately 44.A.starting 45.A.stop
B.Surprisingly B.parking
C.Seriously C.filling
D.Secretly D.testing B.help C.warn
D.rescue
D.agreed D.way
D.threw
D.distributed 46.A.intended 47.A.war 48.A.put 49.A.hid
B.pretended B.night
C.happened C.building C.passed
C.burnt
B.opened B.exchanged B.erupted 50.A.approached
C.continued D.ended 51.A.restaurant 52.A.neighbours 53.A.sold
B.library B.soldiers
C.city
D.wall D.customers
C.friends
B.read C.saved C.quiet
D.moved D.busy
D.looked for 54.A.occupied B.bombed 55.A.dreamed of B.believed in C.cared about
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Alia Baker是伊拉克的一名图书管理员，当伊拉克爆发战争时，Alia Baker害怕战争会破坏图书，于是向政府求助，在遭到拒绝后，Alia Baker就自己动手，最后在朋友和邻居的帮助下，Alia Baker成功地将书转移到了安全的地方。
36.A 【解析】考查定语。根据后文＂for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge＂可知，图书馆是那些喜爱书、喜欢分享知识的人集会、碰面(meeting)的地方。故选A。
39.B 【解析】考查形容词。A.practical实践的；B.precious珍贵的；C.reliable可靠的；D.expensive昂贵的。根据后文＂which are more 39 to her than mountains of gold＂可知，是将书与金山作比较，指书对她来说比金山更珍贵。故选B。
40.C 【解析】考查副词。A.then然后；B.still仍然；C.even甚至；D.rather稍微。甚至一本关于伊拉克历史的书已经七百年了，与前面的＂new books, ancient books＂是一种层次上的递进关系。故选C。
44.C 【解析】考查动词。A.starting开始；B.parking停车；C.filling装满；D.testing测试。根 据＂ 44 her car late after work＂可知，下班很晚后，她的车都装满了书。故选C。45.B 【解析】考查动词。A.stop停止；B.help帮助；C.warn警告；D.rescue营救。根据后文＂Anis who owned a restaurant 46 to hide some books.＂可知，她的朋友们都过来帮她转移书。故选B。
46.D 【解析】考查动词。A.intended打算；B.pretended假装；C.happened发生；D.agreed同意。根据＂Anis who owned a restaurant 46 to hide some books＂可知，Anis同意把一些书藏在他的饭店里面。故选D。
47.B 【解析】考查名词。A.war战争；B.night夜晚；C.building 建筑物；D.way 方法。根据前文＂she brought books home every night＂可知，他们每天晚上都去图书馆搬书，故选B。
48.C 【解析】考查动词。A.put放；B.opened打开；C.passed 通过；D.threw扔。根据＂over the seven-foot wall＂可知，他们是越过（pass over）七英尺高的墙搬的书。故选C。
49.A 【解析】考查动词。A.hid隐藏；B.exchanged 交换；C.burnt燃烧；D.distributed 分发。根据上文中的＂Anis who owned a restaurant agreed to hide some books.＂可知，把书藏在Anis的饭店。故选A。
50.C 【解析】考查动词。A.approached 接近；B.erupted爆发；C.continued继续；D.ended 结束。由后文＂Then nine days later, a fire burned the 51 to the ground.＂可知，战争仍在继续。故选C。
54.C 【解析】考查形容词。A.occupied 占据；B.bombed 轰炸；C.quiet安静的；D.busy 忙的。根据＂the bombing stopped and the soldiers left＂可知，战争结束了，士兵们也离开了，因此城市应该很安静。
55.A 【解析】考查动词词组。A.dreamed of梦想；B.believed in相信；C.cared about关心；D.looked for寻找。根据＂Now Alia waited for the war to end and 55 peace and a new library.＂ 可知，她梦想和平的到来。故选A。
14.（2016新课标Ⅱ卷）第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别)those of 41(great)and less importance.Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 42(achieve).Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 43(be)often acceptable.Most of us are more focused 44 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.So, get an early start and try to be as productive 45 possible before lunch.This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.Recent 46(study)show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 47(regular).Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 48 while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 49(bring)your work home.It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, 50(make)sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.【答案】41.greater 42.achievement 43.is 44.on 45.as 46.studies 47.regularly 48.a 49.to bring 50.make
44.on 考查固定搭配。形容词短语be focused on集中于....；很多人早晨对任务的注意力要比晚些时候的注意力更集中。45.as 考查固定搭配。短语as...as....和...一样；正是因为人们早晨的注意力更为集中，所以我们要早起，要和午饭之前一样的高效率。
46.studies 考查名词单复数。本句的谓语动词是show，说明主语是复数名词studies。
47.regualrly 考查副词。在英语这个副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，形容词通常在句中做定语或表语修饰名词。所以本句中使用副词regularly做状语修饰动词take short breaks。
考点：考查语法填空
15.（2016浙江）第三部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删减或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
When I was a very young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well years late.13 Every time he arrived home at end of the day,we’d greet her at the door.He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us, Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers.While they chat, my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge.It was both excited and frightening to be up there！
My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.【解析】
第一处：因为前面有不定冠词a，所以这里用单数。故children改成child。考点：考查名词单复数
第二处：late是形容词“迟的”，或副词“迟地”，但表示“„„时间以后”要用later。故late改成later。考点：考查副词
考点：考查动词时态
第九处：on the top of„为固定搭配，意为“在„„顶部”。故in改成on。考点：考查介词
第十处：以-ed结尾的形容词通常用于说明人，不用于说明事物；以-ing结尾的形容词主要用于说明事物的
性质或特征，本句的主语是形式主语it，真正的主语是to be up there，故excited改成exciting。考点：考查形容词
第三篇：高三英语一轮复习课文内容
高三英语一轮复习课文内容汇编
第一册5---6模块
Ｉ.快拼熟记单词.liquid expand mixture oxygen electric electrical aim reaction ordinary steam balance flame department contain academic communication crash create definite develop hardware independent millionaire network scream document system web download favorite disadvantage frequently sideways design II.常用短语.＊in the last /past 20years ＊in the area of science ＊be proud of ＊be different from differ from ＊think of ＊be independent of
contract electricity stage equipment float lecture access concentrate data fantastic keyword organization source browser permission average
add…to at least be supposed to used to do be used to doing for example put …in order
substance electronic conclusion partial form lecturer accessible consist defence disk military percentage surf essay invention shorten
＊＊＊＊＊＊＊make sure ＊find out ＊keep …out of ＊at the top/bottom of ＊be/become known as be known for /by /to ＊come up with come up ＊from that moment on ＊work on /as ＊point out ＊take out ＊a series of ＊in one’s opinion ＊millions of thousands of scores of /dozens of ＊in addition to as well as as well
＊learn from
＊win the Nobel prize for…
＊go down ＊consist of be made up of ＊concentrate on
concentrate one’s attention on ＊compared with/to ＊too much /much too ＊wrap up ＊instead of ＊click on ＊log on/off
＊agree to /with /on sth agree to do
＊come to a conclusion
reach/ arrive at a conclusion
draw a conclusion III.重点回顾与拓展。
1.It is hard to think of a world without metals.Remember the following sentence patterns: It is/was +a./ n.+to do sth./that-clause It seems /feels + a.+to do sth./ that-clause
It feels good to hear her singing.It doesn’t matter +whether /when /what /…-clause It is no use /good doing sth.It is said /reported….+ that-clause Translate the following sentences: 同他争辩是没有用的。(It’s no use arguing with him.)对警察来说在一次重要的足球比赛中维持秩序是一件很艰苦的事。(It’s a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.)他来不来都没有关系。
(It doesn’t matter whether he comes or not.)2 agree with sb.(what one said, one’s idea ,one’s opinion ,one’s decision ,one’s view)agree to a plan(a proposal ,a program ,an arrangement)agree on /upon sth.agree with: His words don’t agree with his action.The climate here doesn’t agree with him.We agreed on the price for the car.We agreed on the date for the meeting.3.population Remember the following sentence patterns.The city has a population of 250 000 =the population of this city is 250 000.What’s the population of this city? A large /small population One third of the population of this city are farmers.4.make 后加宾补的几种情况： make him captain make him sad make him repeat it
He was made to repeat it.他奉命重述一遍。make myself understood 注意：make somebody doing 一般不出现。5.especially & specially I came here specially to ask you for advice.专门 These days the medical workers in the hospital are very busy, especially the nurses.尤其 Our garden is beautiful, especially in autumn.尤其，特别 = particularly 6.compare with /to Compared with /to her mother, she is tall.(注意：多用原级)If you compare the sentence with that one, you’ll find the difference between them.Teachers are always compared to candle.比作
IV.强化练习
1.When I got home, I found the gas ____but the door____.A.burned;locking
B.burning;locking C.to burn;to lock
D.burning;locked 2.____Beijing you see today is quite ____ different city from what it used to be.A.The;/
B./;the
C.The;a
D.A;a
3.It is generally believed that teaching is ______ it is science.A.as an art much as
B.much an art as C.as an art much as
D.as much an art as 4.What is the way Mr.Smith thought of ______ enough money to buy the new house? A.to get
B.getting
C.gets
D.to have got 5.He did it ____ it took me.A.one-third a time
B.one-third time C.the one-third time D.one-third the time 6.There are five pairs ____ , but I’m at a loss which to buy.A.to be chosen
B.to choose from C.to choose
D.for choosing 7.The number of people present at the concert was _____ than expected.There were many tickets left.A.much smaller
B.much more C.much larger
D.many more 8.____ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.A.Compare
B.When comparing
C.Comparing
D.When compared(DCDADBAD)V.小作文练习：假如你是一名来自加拿大的老师，某校请你去给他们的学生做场关于到国外学习的报告，提出一些建议。参考范文：
Boys and girls，It’s a great honor for me to be invited to give you a talk.Now I will give you some advice on studying abroad.First, make a plan.It will prepare you well for your life in a foreign country.Second, as for places to live(in), you have many choices.You can live in a dormitory with other students or live alone.But I think a homestay is the best choice/ it’s best to live with the local family, which can give you a better understanding of foreign customs and improve your English.Third, you can apply for scholarships of the university where you study.You can also work on campus in your spare time to earn some money.Last, you must adjust yourself to the new environment to deal with culture shock.As the famous saying goes, when in Rome, do as the Romans do.Only in this way can you avoid making yourself embarrassed.I do hope my advice will be of any help to you.That’s all.Thank you.
第四篇：2018年高三英语一轮总复习专题24WildlifeProtection(句型语法)!
专题2.4 Wildlife Protection 【学以致用】
三、重点句型剖析
1.Please take me to a distant land where I can find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater.请带我到一个遥远的地方，在那里我可以找到一种动物，用它的毛来制作这样的毛衣。
【句式分析】 where 引导的是一个定语从句，修饰land。在这个定语从句中，还有一个that引导的定语从句，修饰animal。
【归纳拓展】
where 可引导三大从句：
①Is this the place where they went hunting last week? 这是他们上周打猎的地方吗？ ②Sit where I can see you.坐在我能看到你的地方。③This is where she lives.这就是她的住处。【即学即练】
（1）这是礼堂，医学会议将在此召开。
This is a hall the medical conference will be held.【答案】where 2．It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I'd like to help as the WWF suggests.这体现了保护野生动植物的重要性，不过，我还是想按照世界自然基金会的建议来帮助你们。
【句式分析】as表示“仿照；像……那样；如……”，引导方式状语从句。【归纳拓展】
as 作为连词的用法主要有：
（1）“如同；按照”，引导方式状语从句。
①When in Rome, do as Romans do.入乡随俗。
②You must do everything as_I_do.你必须照着我做的来做每一件事。
（2）“当……时候；一面……一面；随着”，引导时间状语从句。
③They sang songs as they were doing farm work.他们一边干农活，一边唱歌。
（3）“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句。
④—Coach, can I continue with the training? —Sorry, you can't as you haven't recovered from the knee injury.——教练，我可以继续训练吗？
——很抱歉，你不能，因为你膝盖受伤还没有恢复。（4）“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
⑤Young as he is, he knows a lot.尽管他还是个孩子，他知道的事情很多。
（5）用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句。
（6）引导限制性定语从句。这时，其先行词的前面通常有such，the same 修饰，构成the same...as，such...as结构。【即学即练】 完成句子
（1）你应该按照你被告诉的那样完成你的任务。
You should finish your task.（2）你必须按你父母说的去做。
You must do.【答案】（1）as you are told to（2）as your parents tell you 单项选择（3）He smiled politely ________ Mary apologized for her drunken friends.A．as C．unless
B．if D．though
3.After a while she saw some zebra with black and white lines going beneath their stomachs.过了一会儿她看到了一些斑马，它们身上有从上一直延伸到腹部的黑白相间的条纹。
【句式分析】此句是一个简单句。句中with black and white lines going beneath their stomachs 是with的复合结构。该结构在句中作定语，修饰some zebra。【归纳拓展】
With结构构成方式如下：
① She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语）② With the meal over，we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语）③ The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。）The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.④ He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语）
⑤ She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语）【即学即练】
（1）With the problem(settle)we went on smoothly.问题解决后，我们进展得很顺利。（2）With a lot of homework(do), I can't go to see a film.有许多作业要做，我不能去看电影。（3）由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。
With prices(go)up so fast, we can't afford luxuries.4.They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.千百万年前，它们(恐龙)就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多，当时他们的前景好像也很安全。【句式分析】long before“早在……之前；很早；很久以前”，此短语后面可以跟名词、代词或句子，也可单独作状语。学% 【归纳拓展】
①It will not be long before＋从句 过不了多久就……
It will not be long before the inflation figure starts to fall.过不了多久，通货膨胀率就会开始下降。
②It will be long before＋从句 要过很久才……
It will be long before we meet again.要隔很久的时间我们才能再见面.【即学即练】 完成句子
we can be rid of the pest altogether.不要太久我们就能把这种害虫消除干净。
【答案】It won't be long before 5.They learned this from the way the bones were joined together.他们是根据(恐龙)骨骼的连接方式了解到这一点的。
（1）way表示“方式；方法”时，其后常接in which或that引导的定语从句，此时也可以将关系词that/in which省略掉。
①The way(in which/that)he speaks to us is really annoying.他对我们讲话的方式真是让人讨厌。
②I think you hurt his pride by laughing at the way he speaks English.我觉得你嘲笑他说英语的方式伤害了他的自尊心。
4（2）way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth.的形式。
③Is this the way you can imagine to reduce / of reducing air pollution? 这是你能想到的减少空气污染的方法吗？ 【即学即练】
一、单项选择
1．What surprised me was not what he said but _______ he said it.A.the way B.in the way that C.in the way
D.the way which 2．Please tell me the way you thought of ________ the garden.A.take care of B.to take care of C.taking care of D.to take care 3．What moved me most was not the Father’s Day gift from my daughter, but_______ she presented it.A.in the way B.the way which C.in the way that D.the way
3．D本题考查定语从句。the way 引导定语从句的关系词有下列三种形式：that/in which/不填。in the way挡道，妨碍某人，在句中含义不对，故选D。
四、重点语法突破
现在进行时的被动语态
1.现在进行时的被动语态的含义：
表示“某人或某事正在被……”强调主语是动作的承受者，即主谓之间为被动关系。如： We’ve not moved in our new house as it is being painted now.2.现在进行时的被动语态的结构：
肯定式：am/ is / are + being done 否定式：am/ is/ are not + being done 疑问式：Am/ Is/ Are +主语+ being done? 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + am/is/are+ being done 3.现在进行时的被动语态的用法 1)表示说话时正在进行的被动动作。
A new film is being shown in the theatre.Let's go to see it.电影院里正在放映新电影呢，咱们去看吧。
2）表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，但动作不一定在此时此刻发生。如： A new railway station is being built.3）表示一种习惯的被动行为，常带有赞赏、羡慕、讨厌等感情色彩，常和always，constantly, frequently等表示频率的副词连用：
He is always being praised by the teacher.4）表示按计划或安排主语将要承受谓语动词所表示的动作。A party is being held tonight.今晚将要举行一场晚会。
5）与某些情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。如： He may be being beaten by his father at the very moment.4.考点归纳
1）现在进行时的被动语态可表示根据计划或安排主语将要承受谓语动词表示的动作（仅限于及物动词）。如：A party is being held tonight.2)一些表状态、心理活动、拥有、存在的动词，如have, want, need, love, realize等，一般不用于进行时的被动语态，而常用一般现在时的被动语态表示此时此刻或目前主语正承受谓语动词表示的动作。
Wang Li, come here.You’re wanted on the phone.3)少数动词用于进行时态，用主动形式表示被动含义，如print, cook, fry, hang, build, make等，如：The meat is cooking.4)“介词in, on, under+名词”构成的介词短语常表被动，可代替进行时的被动语态。如： The city is under attack(is being attacked)at the moment.The telephone is in use(is being used)now.The bridge is under repair/ construction(is being repaired/ constructed).5)现在进行时的被动语态与现在分词的被动式being done均可表示此刻正在进行的被动动作，可进行句型转换。如：
Please tell me something about the meeting that is being held now.=Please tell me something about the meeting being held now.5.拓展
被动语态的构成为：be + 过去分词，be的不同形式表达不同的时态。1）一般现在时：am/ is/ are + p.p.2）一般过去时：was/ were + p.p.3）现在进行时：am/ is/ are being + p.p.4）过去进行时：was/ were being + p.p.5）现在完成时：have/ has been + p.p.6）过去完成时：had been + p.p.7）一般将来时：will/ shall be +p.p.或 am/ is/ are/ going to be + p.p.8）过去将来时：would be + p.p.或 was/ were going to be + p.p.6.非谓语动词的被动形式的被动意义 to be done 不定式的被动，表将来和被动
to have been done 不定式完成式的被动，表完成和被动 being done 现在分词的被动，表进行和被动
having been done现在分词完成式的被动，表完成和被动,不作定语、补足语 done 过去分词，表完成和被动，作定语、状语、补足语。Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Your experiment report(type)now and it will be finished soon.2.Many interesting experiments(do)these days.7 3．I(treat)at the hospital now, so I cannot go to the cinema at present.4.I'm sorry, sir.Your recorder isn't ready yet.It(repair)in the factory.5.Much progress(make)in science and technology in China.Ⅱ.句型转换
1.They are writing a report about the negative effects of cellphones in school.(改为被动语态)→ A report about the negative effects of cellphones in school by them.2．Their future is being talked about by the man.(变为主动语态)→The man their future.3．The manager is punishing the worker for his fault.(变为被动语态)→ The worker for his fault by the manager.4．The library building is being constructed in our school.(同义句替换)→ The library building in our school.5．This computer is being used.(同义句替换)→ This computer.【答案】1.is being written 2.is talking about 3．is being punished 4.is under construction 5.is in use
第五篇：高三英语一轮复习教学反思
高三英语一轮复习教学反思
沁水中学 胡小欧
根据学校工作部署，2014年3月17日在学校召开了高三英语复习研讨会，会议内容包括高三英语复习研讨以及听课与评课。我有幸代表高三年级英语组参加了这次活动，上了一节复习课，模块四第一单元，并在课后进行教学反思。现将我这次公开课的课后反思，与各位交流学习。
我的授课内容是第四模块第一单元的重点词汇、短语及句型的一轮复习，运用“学案型教学”，主要采用了“总结归纳”的教学方法。课前要求学生依照提供的学案进行自主学习。学生按照学案，通过练习、收集资料、查找工具书先自己研习所要复习的教材，对知识点系统性的进行总结。课堂交流中让学生汇报展示出他们认为有用的短语和句型，并找出不懂的难点或疑点，通过学生对课前学习成果的反馈，做必要的补充，再通过准备好的练习材料巩固加强。
学案教学能够充分体现学生的学习主体性。一方面，它调动了学生学习英语的积极性。课堂不再是老师满堂灌，而是每一个学生的课堂，能使每个学生都能参与到学习中来，给他们展示的机会，这样课堂气氛就更活跃了。另一方面，能培养学生自学能力。学生通过合作、探究，解决并总结学习中的问题。课堂上，学生知识的获得是通过自己的探究得来的，这样获得的知识跟老师满堂灌获得的知识，效果肯定是不一样的。再有，学生学习目标明确，学习更加系统。学案给了学生一个路标，学生看了学案就知道这节课该把握什么内容，并且知道应该怎么去学，避免了散漫的学习状态，这样的学习效率也更高了。学生利用学案进行学习有一定的系统性，因为它是一个教研组系统性的构思，不是支离破碎的知识的讲解和归纳。再次，学案的可操作性强。它把学习步骤和方法呈现出来，充分体现了教师的主导作用和学生主体作用的和谐，更好地发挥学生的学习潜能。参加听课的老师对此纷纷表示赞赏，都说此模式值得借鉴。这对我来说真是莫大的鼓励。
这节课总的来说比较顺利地完成了预期的目标和任务，收到了比较好的效果，但是还存在着不足。就我们班整体而言，比如对于某些知识点的拓展可以更加深入。这个问题在将来的教学中应该注意，我将在今后的教学过程中寄去各种营养，多向有经验的老师请教，听他们的课，听他们说课，听他们评课，以帮助自己更早的熟悉高中各个年级的教学，特别是高三年级的教学。
尽管周密计划、精心设计了这堂公开课，但还是遗憾多多。对于已经不是第一次带毕业班的我经常会问自己，如何上好复习课？这是求知与成长过程的成就体验，是创造的乐趣，是一种学与教、生与师的和谐境界，让教学之树常青的秘笈在于，实践、反思、学习、创新、特色。每一堂课都是学法的获得，人生的感悟，兴趣的延伸。倡导自主、合作、探究的学习方式，帮助学生树立主体意识，进行个性化的独立思考和学习探究，并能形成个性化的理解和结论是我一贯的教学风格。
高三的一轮复习对学生来讲至关重要，尤其是对于我们基础比较薄弱的学生来讲不管是从树立信心还是成效上都至关重要。因此，我们高三的英语老师想了很多，开学以来也实践了很多方法，有很多的收获和反思供日后参考。
进入高三之后我们首先首先把自己对高三一年总复习的工作计划告诉学生，让同学们对我们一年的教学程序有个全面的了解。这样，学生就可做到心中有数，有信心跟着老师一起努力进而全面制定一下自己的复习计划。
其次，我们把阶段性复习的重点给学生们解释清楚，并认真实施复习计划。这是高三英语教学工作的重点。我计划把一年的复习计划分为三部分。其中，最关键的部分是第一阶段即基础复习阶段，它是学生们提高高考英语成绩的保障，在这一阶段教师要像拉网一样，带领学生们系统地、全面地复习所学的知识，同时注意查漏、补缺，瞻前顾后，联想、拓宽，点面衔接讲练结合，统筹知识的连贯性。狠抓基本知识的巩固，加强基本能力的训练和培养。在英语的最基本的词汇、短语和句型上狠下工夫，力争每一个同学在字、词、句方面过关，这是同学们下一步综合能力提高的关键。其实，在英语里英语单词就像一条河流里的水，河流里没有水，就会干涸，河流就失去了意义。但是如果有水了，水多了，自然就会形成河流。当然，在要求学生记忆单词时，教师要千方百计地设计各种题型，利用各种手段，来让同学们在轻松愉快的环境下从事英语单词的记忆，切记采取枯燥单一的方法让学生们机械性地记忆，结果导致学生失去学习英语的兴趣，同时也不利于学生们对英语的使用，这样，同学们记得快，忘的也快。有的老师把语法复习集中的一个阶段，我觉得很不科学，因为学生们往往会受到庞大的英语语法的困扰，在这一轮复习中，我有意识地把语法分配安排到各个章节，利用所复习的基础知识去操练所要复习的语法项目。
第一轮复习阶段，学生要求学生把大部分精力都放在基础的词汇、短语和句型的复习上，教师要有目的地定期地对学生进行小范围的综合能力的培养和检测。在讲评时一定要注意对学生们解题方法的指导，由于学生的综合运用知识的能力可能少差一点，教师切记不能随便地批评学生，让学生失去信心，要让同学们在教师的正确的指导下逐渐取得进步，为学生们二轮复习时解题能力的提高做好准备。一轮复习是全面、系统的总复习，它要求教师一定要在复习过程中面面具到，说实话英语没有什么重难点，所有的内容都有可能考到。因此，教师在复习时要以课本为最基本的教学依据，适当选用一些复习资料，但是，要有选择性地让学生去参考，教师要多查阅一些资料，搜集适合自己学生的知识点，让学生们在第一轮复习中真正达到复习的效果，让学生们在查漏、补缺中丰富和练扎实自己的基本功。高三第一学期对老师和学生来说都是一次磨砺，虽然辛苦，但师生彼此收获颇丰。但是，高考的备考路还没结束，我们还将任重而道远。
今后的教学中，我还要多听各位教师的课，多钻研教材，多了解学生，努力学习，不断完善自己，争取不断进步。
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