第一篇：2012年考研英语二新题型大纲样题
2012年考研英语二新题型大纲样题
Sample（1）多项对应
Directions: Read the following text and answer questions by finding information from the right column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the left column.There are two extra choices in the right column.Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)The world economy has run into a brick wall.Despite countless warnings in recent years about the need to address a looming hunger crisis in poor countries and looming energy crisis worldwide, world leaders failed to think ahead.The result is a global food crisis.Wheat, corn and rice prices have more than doubled in the past two years, and oil prices have more than tripled since the start of 2004.These food-price increases combined with soaring energy costs will slow if not stop economic growth in many parts of the world and will even undermine political stability, as evidenced by the protest riots that have erupted in places like Haiti, Bangladesh and Burkina Faso.Practical solutions to these growing woes do exist, but we‟ll have to start thinking ahead and acting globally.The crisis has its roots in four interlinked trends.The first is the chronically low productivity of farmers in the poorest countries, caused by their inability to pay for seeds, fertilizers and irrigation.The second is the misguided policy in the U.S.and Europe of subsidizing the diversion of food crops to produce biofuels like corn-based ethanol.The third is climate change;take the recent droughts in Australia and Europe, which cut the global production of grain in 2005 and 2006.The fourth is the growing global demand for food and feed grains brought on by swelling populations and incomes.In short, rising demand has hit a limited supply, with the poor taking the hardest blow.So, what should be done? Here are three steps to ease the current crisis and avert the potential for a global disaster.The first is to scale-up the dramatic success of Malawi, a famine-prone country in southern Africa, which three years ago established a special fund to help its farmers get fertilizer and high-yield seeds.Malawi‟s harvest doubled after just one year.An international fund based on the Malawi model would cost a mere $10 per person annually in the rich world, or $10 billion in all.Such a fund could fight hunger as effectively as the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and Malaria is controlling those diseases.Second, the U.S.and Europe should abandon their policies of subsidizing the conversion of food into biofuels.The U.S.government gives farmers a taxpayer-financed subsidy of 51 cents per gal of ethanol to divert corn from the food and feed-grain supply.There may be a case for biofuels produced on lands that do not produce foodstree crops(like palm oil), grasses and wood products but there‟s no case for doling out subsidies to put the world‟s crops as soon and as effectively aspossible.For a poor farmer, sometimes something as simple as a farm pondwhich collects rainwater to be used for emergency irrigation in a dry spellcan make the difference between a bountiful crop and a famine.The world has already committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund to help poor regions climate-proof vital economic activities such as food production and health care but has not yet acted upon the promise.[A] poor countries 41.Anti-hunger campaigns are successful in
[B] all the world 42.Production of biofuels are subsidized in
[C] the Climate Adaptation Fund 43.Protest riots occurred in
[D] the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and
Malaria 44.The efforts were not so successful with
[E] Bangladesh 45.Food shortage becomes more serious in
[F] Malawi
[G] the U.S.and Europe
Sample（2）小标题对应
Directions: Read the following text and answer questions by finding a subtitle for each of the marked parts or paragraphs.There are two extra items in the subtitles.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)[A] Follow Onlines [B] Whisper: Keep It to Yourself [C] Word of Experience: Stick to It [D] Code of Success: Freed and Targeted [E] Efficient Work to Promote Efficient Workers [F] Recipe: Simplicity Means Everything [G] Efficiency Comes from Order
Every decade has its defining self-help business book.In the 1940s it was How to Win Friends and Influence People, in the 1990s The Seven Habits of Highly Successful People.These days we‟re worried about something much simpler: Getting Things Done.41._________________________________
That‟s the title of productivity guru David Allen‟ pithy 2001 treatise on working efficiently, which continues to resonate in this decade‟s overworked, overwhelmed, overteched workplace.Allen hasn‟t just sold 500,000 copies of his book.He has preached his message of focus, discipline and creativity everywhere from Sony and Novartis to the World Bank and the U.S.Air Force.He counsels swamped chief executives on coping with information overload.He ministers to some clients with an intensive, two-day, $6,000 private session in which he and his team organize their lives from top to bottom.And he has won the devotion of acolytes who document on their blogs how his Getting Things Done(GTD)program has changed their lives.42._________________________________
Allen admits that much of his basic recipe is common sense.Free your mind, and productivity will follow.Break down projects and goals into discrete, definable actions, and you won‟ be bothered by all those loose threads pulling at your attention.First make decisions about what needs to get done, and then fashion a plan for doing it.If you‟ve cataloged everything you have to do and all your long-term goals, Allen says, you‟re less likely to wake up at 3 a.m.worrying about whether you‟ve forgotten something: “Most people haven‟t realized how out of control their head is when they get 300 e-mails a day and each of them has potential meaning.”43.When e-mails, phone calls and to-do lists are truly under control, Allen says, the real change begins.You will finally be able to use your mind to dream up great ideas and enjoy your life rather than just occupy it with all the things you‟ve got to do.Allen himself, despite running a $ 5.5 million consulting practice, traveling 200 days a year and juggling a business that‟s growing 40% every year, finds time to joyride in his Mini Cooper and sculpt bonsai plants.Oh, and he has earned his black belt in karate.44._________________________________ Few companies have embraced „Allen‟s philosophy as thoroughly as General Mills, the Minnesota-based maker of Cheerios and Lucky Charms.Allen began at the company with a couple of private coaching sessions for top executives, who raved about his guidance.Allen and his staff now hold six to eight two-day training sessions a year.The company has already put more than 2,000 employees through GTD training and plans to expand it company-wide.“Fads come and go,” says Kevin Wilde, General Mills‟ CEO, “but this continues to work.”
45._________________________________ The most fevered followers of Allen‟s organizational methodology gather online.Websites like gtdindex, marvelz.com parse Allen‟s every utterance.The 43Folders blog ran an eight-part pod-cast interview with him.GTD enthusiasts like Frank Meeuwsen, on whatsthenextaction.com gather best practice techniques for implementing the book‟s ideas.More than 60 software tools have been built specifically to supplement Allen‟s system.Sample(3)正误判断
Directions: Read the following text and answer questions by deciding each of the statements after the text is True or False.Choose T if the statement is true or F if the statement is not true.Mark your on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)
A Tree Project Helps the Genes of Champions Live On
As an eagle wheels overhead against a crystalline blue sky, Martin Flanagan walks toward a grove of towering cottonwood trees beside the Yellowstone River, which is the color of chocolate milk due to the spring rain.As Mr.Flanagan leaves the glaring sun of the prairie and enters the shady grove, his eyes search for a specific tree.As he reaches a narrow-leaf cottonwood, a towering giant, he cranes his neck to look at the top, “This is the one I plan to nominate for state champion,” he says, petting the bark with his hand.“It‟s a beauty, isn‟t?”
When Europeans first came to North America, one of the largest primeval forests in the world covered much of the continent.Experts say a squirrel could have traveled from the Atlantic coast to the Mississippi River without touching the ground.But only about 3 percent of America‟s native old-growth forest remains, and many of the trees they hold are those that were not big enough to attract a logger‟s eye.The result is a generation of trees that barely resemble the native forests that once covered the country.That make some scientists suspect that the surviving forests have lost much of their genetic quality, the molecular muscle that made them dominate the landscape.When the loggers swept through, these scientists say, only poor specimens were left to reproduce.Other researchers wonder whether environmental factors or just plain luck may explain a good part of the supertrees‟ success.To answer those questions, the mightiest trees of their types, or genetically identical offspring, must be preserved for study, and that is what is being done by a handful of enthusiasts, including Mr.Flanagan and David Milarch, a nurseryman from Copemish, Michigan.They are searching out the largest tree of each species and taking cuttings of new growth to make copies of genetic clones of the giants.With tissue culture and grafting, they have reproduced 52 of the 827 living giants and are planting the offspring in what they call “living libraries.” More than 20,000 offspring have been planted.The work is part of the Champion Tree Project, which began in 1996 with financial help from the National Tree Trust, a nonprofit group in Washington.“Those big trees are the last links to the boreal forests,” Mr.Milarch, president of theChampion Tree Project, said.State and federal agencies and private organizations have been keeping track of the largest trees in each state for some time.The largest effort is the National Register of Big Trees, run by American Forests, a 125-year-old nonprofit group based in Washington.But the Champion Tree Project takes things a step further by making it possible for the largest trees to live on.Eventually the Champion Tree Project hopes to reproduce enough genetically superior trees for a project.The offspring of the native trees, should they prove genetically superior, could be especially valuable in urban settings, where the average tree lives just 7 to 10 years.But things like soil conditions, moisture and other environmental factors can also affect the success of the trees.41.Water in the Yellowstone River turned dark brown because of the spring rain.42.The cottonwood tree Mr.Flanagan found was an extremely tall tree with broad leaves.43.In the days when Europeans first came to America, it had one of the largest primeval forests in the world.44.Some scientists have the suspicion that the surviving forests have lost much of their genetic quality because they were the offspring of poor specimens.45.The offspring of the supertrees have proved to be genetically superior to those of the average trees.答案：
Sample 1: 41.F 42.G 43.E 44.C 45.A Sample 2: 41.E 42.D 43.G 44.C 45.A Sample 3: 41.T 42.F 43.T 44.T 45.F
大纲样题解析
Sample（1）多项对应
【文章注解】
做多项对应这类考题应先通观全文，用略读法弄清文章的大意，勿在细枝末节上浪费时间；留意体现逻辑关系的特征词，例如 first, finally, of cource, however 等。主要的解题步骤：
（1）迅速浏览每个段落，重点放在首尾两句，概括出每个段落的大意。
（2）仔细阅读已经给出的首尾两希，推测文章的逻辑关系，确定文章结构类型。
（3）从左栏给出的词语中提炼出状语、主谓结构或动宾结构。
（4）用（3）提炼出的部分去原谅定位，然后在相应的段落去搭建右栏匹配的词语。若右栏有专有名词，可先行找寻匹配。另外，一般情况下，一个段落只考一到二个对应的题目。【解题详析】
这篇文章是针对世界金融危机对全球性饥荒、能源问题的影响所做的报道，指出各国为战胜这场危机应采取的三个举措。相关内容在文章的第三、四段，考生要特别注意here are three steps to ease...The first is to scale-up...Second,...Third..., 这样的特征词。然后根据41~45 题题干所提供的关键词语，寻找文章中的相关内容，然后做出判断。
【41】 Anti-hunger campaigns are successful in 首先，依据题干的Anti-hunger campaigns，推测答案依据应在第三或第四段。因为采取了举措，才会有“反饥饿运动的成功”。根据第三段末 An international fund based on the Malawi model would cost a mere $10 per person annually in the rich world, or $10 billion in all.Such a fund could fight hunger as effectively as the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, 找到了fight hunger 与题干的Anti-hunger campaigns的语义关联，说明此处是答案依据所在。由effecitvely 可知反饥饿运动在马拉维很成功，所以正确选项为F。
【42】 Production of biofuels are subsidized in
第二段第三句The second is the misguided policy in the U.S.and Europe of subsidizing the diversion of food crops to produce biofuels like corn-based ethanol.中的subsidixing...to produce biofuels...与题干的Production of biofuels are subsidized 形成语义关联，根据此句可知生物燃料（biofuels）生产在美国和欧洲受到政府补贴，所以正确选项为G。
【43】 protest riots occurred in 依据题干的protest riots 应出现在采取了举措之前，推测答案依据应在第一或二段。根据第一段倒数第二句as evidenced by the protest riots that have erupted in places like Haiti, Bangladesh and Burkina Faso.可知抗议**在海地、孟加拉国和布基纳法索发生，所以正确选项为E。
【44】 the efforts were not so successful with 依据题干的the efforts were not so successful“其努力并不成功”，推测答案依据应在第三或第四段。因为采取举措就是努力了。根据文章最后一句The world has already committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund to help poor regions climate-proof vital economic activities such as food production and health care but has not yet acted upon the promise.可知气候适应基金组织（Climate Adaptation Fund）还没有履行其诺言（not yet acted upon the promise），其努力并不成功，所以正确选项为C。
【45】Food shortage becomes more serious in
题干的 Food shortage becomes more serious 应出现在采取了举措之前，推测答案依据应在第一或第二段。根据第二段最后一句 In short, rising demand has hit a limited supply, with the poor taking the hardest blow.可知穷国受粮食供应打击最重（the hardest blow）,食物短缺最严重的是穷国，所以正确选项为A。
Sample（2）小标题对应
[分析注解] 首先仔细阅读第一段，把握段落大意。文章第一段介绍了自助企业的成功秘决。
不同的时代有不同的内容：20世纪40年代的绝招是“赢得朋友，影响他人”；90年代推出了“成功人士的7大习惯”；而今的方法更为简单：“把事干完”。
接着快速浏览小标题： [A] Follow Onlines 在线追随
[B] Whisper: Keep It to Yourself 悄悄话：别告诉他人 [C] Word of Experience: Stick to It 经验之谈：坚持不懈
[D] Code of Success: Freed and Targeted 成功秘决：解放思想，认准目标 [E] Efficient Work to Promote Efficient Workers 高效率工作提升高效率员工 [F] Recipe: Simplicity Means Everything 简明意味着一切 [G] Efficiency Comes from Order 效率来自有条不紊
然后快速浏览文章各段内容，尤其是要注意每一段落的起始句（主题句），得出每段的段落大意。最后将各小标题与文章中的相关内容匹配，做出正确的判断。
【解题分析】
【41】 E 高效率工作提升高效员工。本段第一句：That‟s the title of productivity guru David Allen‟ pithy 2001 treatise on working efficiently, 概述了本段的中心思想，其大意是：这就是生产率大师 David Allen的论文标题，他在2001年一篇论工作效率的论文中言简意赅地提到这一点。由此可判断，这一段是围绕高效工作展开的，所以正确选项为E。
【42】 D Code of Success: Freed and Targeted 成功秘决：解放思想，认准目标。本段的主题句为第二句：Free your mind, and productivity will follow.(一旦解放思想，生产率就会跟上)，由此可判断，这一段是围绕解放思想展开的，所以正确选项为D。
【43】 G Efficiency Comes from Order 效率来自有条不紊。本段的主题句为第一句： When e-mails, phone calls and to do lists are truly under control, Allen says, the real change begins.Allen 说，一旦电子邮件、电话和各种乱七八糟的数据表处在自己的掌控之中，真正的变化就开始了。由此可判断，这一段是围绕效率与有条理的工作方式展开的，所以正确选项为G。
【44】 C Word of Experience: Stick to It 经验之谈：坚持不懈。根据本段Allen 的坚持不懈的员工培训及他对此事的看法不难做出此选择： Allen and his staff now hold six to eight two-day training sessions a year....“Fads come and go, ” says Kevin Wilde General Mills' CEO,“but this continues to work.” Allen 及其员工坚持第年6~8次两天培训。Mills 公司的CEO说，时尚不断变换，但培训工作保持不断。所以正确选项为C
【45】 A Follow Onlines 在线追随。本段的主题句为第一句： The most fevered followers of Allen's organixational methodology gather online.Websites like gtdindex.Marvelz.com parse Allen's every utterance.Allen 组织的发烧友聚集在网上在线追随他，像“gtdindex.Marvelz.com”这样的网站对他的每一句话都加以分析。所以正确选项为A。
Sample(3)正误判断
【解题步骤】
第一步：寻找关键词加归文章定位，找出题目在原文中的出处。
首先，准确确定题目中的关键词，然后寻找关键词在文章中所在的兔子及段落。
关键词指：
1、名词或名词性短语；
2、形容词、副词或者形容词短语、副词短语；
3、专有名词；
4、数字或年代。
关键词的确定依据：
1、在文章中出现频率较低；
2、醒目好找，有利于及时确定答案。
关键词的例外依据：
1、文章标题中的单词一般不宜作为关键词；
2、在文章中出现频率较高的词一般不宜作为关键词；
3、动词一般不宜作为关键词。
关键词的优先原则：
1、短语优先于单词作为关键词；
2、形容（副）词的比较级、最高级优先于为关键词。
其次，将题目中的关键词与每段话的第一句相对照。有些题目能先定位到原文中的一个段落，这必将大大加快解题速度，并提高准确率。但并不是每个题目都能先定位到原文中的一个段落。
从头到尾快速阅读该段落，根据题目中的其他关键词，在原文中找出与题目相关的一句话或几句话。确定一个段落，答案在该段落中的具体位置是未知的。所以，需要从头到尾快速阅读该段落，找出该段落中与题目相关的一句话或几句话，通常是一句话。
再者，注意顺序性，即题目的顺序和原谅的顺序基本一致。第一题的答案应在文章的前部，第二题的答案应在第一题的答案之后。总的来说，靠前边的段落中寻找答案；反之亦然。
第二步：判断，确定正确答案。正误判断这类考题相对比较容易。【解题分析】
首先理解41~45题内容：
41、在黄石河，河水国为春雨而变成深褐色。
42、Flanagan 先生发现的三叶杨是一种非常高大 的阔叶树。
43、在欧洲人初到北美洲的日子，那里有世界上最大的原始森林之一。
44、一些科学家怀疑，幸存的森林已经失去了很多优质基因，因为它们是劣质树木的后代。
45、超级树木的后代已证明其基因优于普通树木。
然后，再略读文章，弄清大意，最后根据相关细节内容做出判断。
【41】T。根据第一段末the Yellowstone River, which is the color of chocolate milk due to the spring rain.可判断，the color of chocolate 与dark brown 意思一致，答案为T。
【42】F。第二段第二句提到：As he reaches a narrow-leaf cottonwood, a towering giant, 可见 narrow-leaf(窄叶)与42题的tall tree with broad leaves(阔叶)不一致，答案为F。
【43】T。第三段第一句提到：When Europeans first came to North America, one of the largest primeval forests in the world covered much of the continent.这与43题的one of the largest primeval forests in the world 意思一致，答案为T。
【44】T。第四段第一、二句提到： That makes some scientists suspect that the surviving forests have lost much of their genetic quality,...When the loggers swept through...Only poor specimens were left to reproduce.这与44题的表述基本一致，答案为T。
【45】F。文章末段第二句提到：The offspring of the native trees, should they prove genetically superior, could be especially valuable in urban settings...这些当地树木的后代，要是能够证明具有遗传优势的话，可能会在城市环境中特别有价值，而不是45题静态的“已经证明”have proved 比普通树木有优势，答案为F。
B小节的阅读任务为一篇文章加五道题目。大纲规定了三种测试形式，每年由命题者随即选择一种。为了确保万无一失，我们必须对三种题型逐一了解。题型一：多项对应
多项对应题与A小节中的题目在考察能力和范围等方面上没有太大的区别，只不过把所有的题目和选项分别集中起来。在解题时，我们同样可以采取三步走的形式，先把表格左侧的题目看一遍，了解考察的具体内容，并对文章大致作预测，然后读文章，最后对照文章确定各题选项。由于选项数量多于题目数量，我们在使用排除法时可能会稍有困难，但是不应有太大影响。样题举例：
Directions: Read the following text and answer questions by finding information from the right column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the left column.There are two extra choices in the right column.Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)The world economy has run into a brick wall.Despite countless warnings in recent years about the need to address a looming hunger crisis in poor countries and looming energy crisis worldwide, world leaders failed to think ahead.The result is a global food crisis.Wheat, corn and rice prices have more than doubled in the past two years, and oil prices have more than tripled since the start of 2004.These food-price increases combined with soaring energy costs will slow if not stop economic growth in many parts of the world and will even undermine political stability, as evidenced by the protest riots that have erupted in places like Haiti, Bangladesh and Burkina Faso.Practical solutions to these growing woes do exist, but we’ll have to start thinking ahead and acting globally.The crisis has its roots in four interlinked trends.The first is the chronically low productivity of farmers in the poorest countries, caused by their inability to pay for seeds, fertilizers and irrigation.The second is the misguided policy in the U.S.and Europe of subsidizing the diversion of food crops to produce biofuels like corn-based ethanol.The third is climate change;take the recent droughts in Australia and Europe, which cut the global production of grain in 2005 and 2006.The fourth is the growing global demand for food and feed grains brought on by swelling populations and incomes.In short, rising demand has hit a limited supply, with the poor taking the hardest blow.So, what should be done? Here are three steps to ease the current crisis and avert the potentialfor a global disaster.The first is to scale-up the dramatic success of Malawi, a famine-prone country in southern Africa, which three years ago established a special fund to help its farmers get fertilizer and high-yield seeds.Malawi’s harvest doubled after just one year.An international fund based on the Malawi model would cost a mere $10 per person annually in the rich world, or $10 billion in all.Such a fund could fight hunger as effectively as the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and Malaria is controlling those diseases.Second, the U.S.and Europe should abandon their policies of subsidizing the conversion of food into biofuels.The U.S.government gives farmers a taxpayer-financed subsidy of 51 cents per gal of ethanol to divert corn from the food and feed-grain supply.There may be a case for biofuels produced on lands that do not produce foodstree crops(like palm oil), grasses and wood products but there’s no case for doling out subsidies to put the world’s crops as soon and as effectively aspossible.For a poor farmer, sometimes something as simple as a farm pondwhich collects rainwater to be used for emergency irrigation in a dry spellcan make the difference between a bountiful crop and a famine.The world has already committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund to help poor regions climate-proof vital economic activities such as food production and health care but has not yet acted upon the promise.41.Anti-hunger campaigns are successful in 42.Production of biofuels are subsidized in 43.Protest riots occurred in 44.The efforts were not so successful with 45.Food shortage becomes more serious in [A] poor countries [B] all the world [C] the Climate Adaptation Fund [D] the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and Malaria [E] Bangladesh [F] Malawi [G] the U.S.and Europe 参考答案：
41.F 42.G 43.E 44.C 45.A 本样题所有题目基本都属于细节题，而且都与地点有关。只要我们在文章中做好标记，选择答案时到文章中寻找印证信息，就可以顺利完成任务。
题型二：小标题对应
与多项对应不同，小标题对应主要考察我们对文章要点和结构的把握能力。我们知道，一篇文章会有一个中心内容，作者会从不同侧面用不同要点来阐述这个中心内容，而通常每一个要点就是一个或几个段落。能够正确理解这些要点，就为正确理解全文奠定了基础。做这类题时，一方面要注意从本部分当中总结归纳主要话题，另外还要注意这些话题之间应有的内在逻辑，它们共同支撑着全文的中心思想。样题举例
Directions: Read the following text and answer questions by finding a subtitle for each of the marked parts or paragraphs.There are two extra items in the subtitles.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.A: Follow on lines
B: Whisper: Keep It to Yourself C: Word of Experience: Stick to It D: Code of Success: Freed and Targeted
E: Efficient Work to Promote Efficient Workers F: Recipe: Simplicity Means Everything G: Efficiency Comes from Orders
Every decade has its defining self-help business book.In the 1940s it was How to Win Friends and Influence People, in the 1990s The Seven Habits of Highly Successful People.These days we’re worried about something much simpler: Getting Things Done
41__________________________________
That’s the title of productivity guru David Allen’ pithy 2001 treatise on working efficiently, which continues to resonate in this decade’ overworked, overwhelmed, overteched workplace.Allen hasn’t just sold 500,000 copies of his book.He has preached his message of focus, discipline and creativity everywhere from Sony and Novartis to the World Bank and the U.S.Air Force.He counsels swamped chief executives on coping with information overload.He ministers to some clients with an intensive, two-day, $6,000 private session in which he and his team organize their lives from top to bottom.And he has won the devotions of acolytes who document on their blogs how his Getting Things Done(GTO)program has changed their lives.42.______________________________________
Allen admits that much of his basic recipe is common sense.Free your mind, and productivity will follow.Break down projects and goals into discrete, definable actions, and you won’t be bothered by all those loose threads pulling at your attention.First make decisions about what needs to get done, and then fashion a plan for doing it.If you’ve catalogued everything you have to do and all your long-term goals, Allen says, you’re less likely to wake up at 3 a.m.worrying about whether you’ve forgotten something: “Most people haven’t realized how out of control their head is when they get 300 e-mails a day and each of them has potential meaning.” 43._____________________________________________________ When e-mails, phones calls and to-to lists are truly under control, Allen says, the real change begins.You will finally be able to use your mind to dream up great ideas and enjoy your life rather than just occupy it with all the things you’ve got to do.Allen himself, despite running a $5.5 million consulting practice, traveling 200 days a year and juggling a business that’s growing 40% every years, finds time to joyride in his Mini Cooper and sculpt bonsai plants.Oh, and he had earned his black belt in karate.44.__________________________________________
Few companies have embraced Allen’s philosophy as thoroughly as General Mills, the Minnesota-based maker of Cheerios and Lucky Charms.Allen began at the company with a couple of private coaching sessions for top executives, who raved about his guidance.Allen and his staff now hold six to eight two-day training sessions a year.The company has already put more than 2,000 employees through GTD training and plans to expand it company-wide.“Fads come and go,” says Kevin Wilde, General Mills’ CEO, “but this continuous to work.”
45.___________________________________________________________ The most fevered followers of Allen’s organizational methodology gather online.Websites like gtdindex, marvelz, corn parse.Allen’s every utterance.The 43 Folders blog ran an eight-part pod-cast interview with him.GTD enthusiasts like Frank Meeuwsen, on whatsthenextaction.Com gather best practice techniques for implementing the book’s ideas.More than 60 software tools have been built specifically to supplement Allen’s system.Key Answer: E D G C A
通常情况下，这些小标题有密切联系，但是因为它们从不同侧面阐述同一话题，所以既有联系，又有区别。我们可以仔细研究这些标题，找出它们的区别，而这些区别正是文章中涉及的不同侧面。因此可以从文章和标题本身两个方面着手，相互印证，解决问题。题型三：正误判断
第二篇：2014考研英语(二)大纲
2014考研英语
（二）考试大纲综述 2013-09-13 20:
54万学教育 海文考研教学与研究中心毛利锋
依据教育部考试中心在2013年9月13日颁布的新大纲—《2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语
（二）考试大纲》，与去年的考纲相比，今年的考纲未进行任何调整和变化。而在去年的考纲中有以下三个变化：第一，删减了42个英语词汇，同时新增了59个词汇；第二，去年考研英语大纲在应用文写作部分删除了摘要写作；第三，2013年考研英语
（二）大纲中删除了阅读新题型中的判断正误题型。今年的新大纲中也继续保持了去年大纲中的这两点变化。万学·海文现与2013年考研英语
（二）大纲对比，对2014年考研英语的考查要求和试卷结构进行全面分析。
从语言知识来看，与去年大纲相比，词汇部分仍然要求“考生应能较熟练地掌握5 500个左右常用英语词汇以及相关常用词组。考生应能根据具体语境、句子结构或上下文理解一些非常用词的词义。”“常用”两字道出了英语
（二）和英语
（一）的考查区别。万学·海文通过研究历年真题发现，英语
（一）常常考查词汇表中偏难一点的词汇和用法，并且对词汇进行深度挖掘。而英语
（二）则主要考查词汇表中偏“常见”一些的词汇和用法。所以不同的考生学习重点是不一样的。再者，提示广大考生，在去年考纲中新增的59个单词，在今年的新考纲中依然出现，这59个单词一定是复习2014考研英语的重点。
语法部分英语
（二）考试大纲仍然列出了八个要考查的语法点，（1）名词、代词的数和格的构成及其用法；（2）动词时态、语态的构成及其用法；（3）形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法；（4）常用连接词的词义及其用法；（5）非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的构成及其用法；（6）虚拟语气的构成及其用法；（7）各类从句（定语从句、主语从句、表语从句等）及强调句型的结构及其用法；（8）倒装句、插入语的结构及其用法。这说明，与英语
（一）相比，英语
（二）对语法的考查范围相对较小，更加注重基础。明确了大纲要求，同学们复习起来会更加有的放矢。
就语言技能而言，与去年大纲相比，2014年大纲没有任何变化，继续突出阅读和写作的重要性，关于阅读，英语(二)大纲明确了考查文章的题材、体裁和阅读能力要求；关于写作，英语(二)大纲要求 “根据所给的提纲、情景或要求完成相应的短文写作”，考生需要达到的标准是“思想明确，切中题意，结构清晰，条理清楚，用词恰当，无明显语言错误”，这些属于最基本的写作要求。总的来说，上述语言知识和语言技能仍然是研究生入学英语考试的主要测评目标。
对比往年考点，接下来根据2014年新大纲，万学·海文为大家全面解析2014年考研英语
（二）的各个具体题型的总体要求：
完形填空
完形填空主要测试考生结合上下文的综合理解能力和语言运用能力，即在阅读理解的基础上对篇章结构、语法和词汇知识的运用能力的考查，这是对完形填空的定位。透过大纲可以看出对完形填空考核的重点：语法、固定搭配、近义词辨析和逻辑关系。考生可从历年真题中按照这几大重点去准备和复习有关考研完形填空方面的知识点，这样可以起到事半功倍的效果。
同时考虑到完形填空在历年考研中得分较低，考生解答完形填空题时，要多从上下文的角度来考虑，并运用逻辑推理，大到对文章整体，小到对句子之间和句子内部综合把握。此外，要多从惯用法和搭配的角度来考虑问题，平时复习就要对惯用法和搭配多多积累。
英语
（二）大纲指出，完形填空文章字数大约是350个词，比英语
（一）的文章字数240-280词要多，字数多也就意味着给出了更多的已知线索，所以考生理解起来更顺畅、做起题来更轻松。
阅读理解
就阅读理解（Part A）而言，由于这是一个大家非常熟悉的题型，就是四选一的阅读理解题。关于阅读，英语(二)大纲明确指出“题材包括经济、管理、社会、文化、科普等，体裁包括说明文、议论文和记叙文等。”注意它是把经济和管理放在最前边的，也就是说经济类文章、管理类文章可能是比较重要的，同学们复习起来可以有所侧重。但并未像英语
（一）那样提及3%的超纲词。英语
（二）大纲还明确了要考查的阅读能力，一共六条，难度是低于英语
（一）的，比较发现：首先，英语一要求大家能够理解文章中概念性的含义，而英语二是没有的。也就是文章中不太会出现一些特别抽象的，特别复杂的费解的概念；其次，英语
（二）只要求进行相关的判断、推理，而不需要进行相关的引申，没有引申，也就是说在英语二中如果出现我们阅读理解中的一种题型，叫做推理题的话，它推理的难度要小于英语一；最后，英语二中没有要求区分阅读理解文章中的论点和论据，既然不让区分论点和论据，那就说明一点，我们在阅读理解中的一种题型，叫做例证题，基本上不会考了。
新题型
英语
（二）大纲规定的备选题型有两种：一种是叫多项对应，试题内容分为左右两栏，左侧一栏为5道题目，右侧一栏为7个选项。要求考生在阅读后根据文章内容和左侧一栏中提供的信息从右侧一栏中的7个选项中选出对应的5项相关信息。一种叫小标题对应，文章前有7个概括句或小标题。这些文字或标题分别是对文章中某一部分的概括或阐述。要求考生根据文章内容和篇章结构从这7个选项中选出最恰当的5个概括句或小标题填入文章空白处。这种是与英语
（一）中最简单的小标题选择题是完全一样的。2010年考查的是第三种正误判断题（已经在去年考纲中删除这种题型，今年考纲中继续删除这种题型），2011年考查的是第一种多项对应题，2012年考查的是第一种多项对应题，2013年考查的是小标题选择题。翻译
在英语(一)里面，它是阅读理解部分的Part C，出题形式是提供一篇约400词的文章(字数和难度与阅读理解Part A的文章相似)，在5个句子下面画线，要求学生将画线句子译成中文。文章材料抽象，语言结构比较复杂，主要考查考生对复杂语言结构和复杂长难句的理解能力。而英语
（二）是单独的英译汉部分，要求考生阅读、理解长度为150词左右的一个或几个英语段落，并将其全部译成汉语。翻译量基本相同，但是由于是一个完整的语段理解和翻译，句子长短、难易结合，与英语
（一）五个孤零零的长难句相比，难度要小很多。而且采分点就会比较分散，有些很简单的句子也是采分点，你把它翻译对了也能得分。与英语
（一）相比得分更加容易。
写作
英语
（一）和英语
（二）的小作文备选题型是一样的，只考查私人或公务信函、备忘录和报告等，依然延续了去年的考纲，删除了摘要写作。2010年考查的是感谢信，2011年考查的是祝贺信，2012年考查的是投诉信，2013年考查的是通知+邀请信。
针对大作文，英语
（二）的字数要求稍微少一点，要求是150词以上，一般来讲写到150到180也就差不多了，不需要写太多。英语
（二）大作文提供情景的形式为图画、图表或文字。根据大纲给出的样题分析，明年英语
（二）考生大作文以准备一下图表作文，40%还是需要关注一下图画作文。2010年、2011年、2012、2013年考查的都是图表写作。
2014年的英语
（二）大纲与2013年相比保持稳定性，各位考生可以继续按照既定复习思路和计划进行复习。并且英语
（二）的难度相对英语
（一）来讲要容易一些。所以，请准备考英语
（二）的考生提高自信，夯实基础，灵活备考，2014年考研英语取得好成绩！
第三篇：2018年新大纲——考研英语(一)新题型及复习策略
凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！
2018年新大纲——考研英语
（一）新题
型及复习策略
千呼万唤中，《2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语
（一）考试大纲》终于揭开了其神秘的面纱。万学海文名师
凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！
苦学习，是很难达到优异的成绩。最好的办法是直接和凯程老师详细沟通一下就清楚了。
建校历史：机构成立的历史也是一个参考因素，历史越久，积累的人脉资源更多。例如，凯程教育已经成立10年（2005年），一直以来专注于考研，成功率一直遥遥领先，同学们有兴趣可以联系一下他们在线老师或者电话。
有没有实体学校校区：有些机构比较小，就是一个在写字楼里上课，自习，这种环境是不太好的，一个优秀的机构必须是在教学环境，大学校园这样环境。凯程有自己的学习校区，有吃住学一体化教学环境，独立卫浴、空调、暖气齐全，这也是一个考研机构实力的体现。此外，最好还要看一下他们的营业执照。
附录：凯程已经在经济学考研树立了不可撼动的优势，凯程在2016年考研中，凯程保录班学员勇夺人大经济学状元，考取人大、中财、外经贸等院校40多人，成功源自凯程专业的辅导，对经济学的深刻把握，虽然凯程的经济学费用有点贵，但是效果是非常显著的，考取名校经济学的学生，大多数是跨专业，且有不少学生来自二本三本院校，在凯程他们实现了名校梦，有意向考经济学的同学，可以到凯程的官方网站查看他们的经验谈视频，注意是经验谈视频，很多机构说自己辅导了多少学生，他们网站一个视频经验谈都没有，说明他们没有成功案例，没有辅导经验，请同学们和家长们慎重选择。凯程网站大量的视频经验谈，扎扎实实的辅导才能有如此多的考研经验谈，有如此多的考研成功学员。
第四篇：2013考研英语二大纲综述
2013考研英语(二)考试大纲综述
广大2013届的考生怀着期盼与忐忑不安的心情，终于等来了《2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)考试大纲》的问世。就新大纲而言，主要有以下三个变化：第一，删减了42个英语词汇，同时并新增了59个词汇;第二，2013年考研英语大纲应用文写作部分删除了摘要写作要求，考生就可以不用准备摘要了;第三，2013年考研英语(二)大纲中删除了阅读新题型中的判断正误题型。别的方面没有改动，所以同学们可以承接前一阶段的复习成效，继续按照已有计划进行学习。万学·海文现与2012年考研英语(二)大纲对比，对2013年考研英语的考查要求和试卷结构进行全面分析。
从语言知识来看，与2012年大纲相比，删减了42个英语词汇，同时并新增了59个词汇。词汇部分仍然要求“考生应能较熟练地掌握5 500个左右常用英语词汇以及相关常用词组。考生应能根据具体语境、句子结构或上下文理解一些非常用词的词义。”“常用”两字道出了英语(二)和英语(一)的考查区别。万学·海文通过研究历年真题发现，英语(一)常常考查词汇表中偏难一点的词汇和用法，并且对词汇进行深度挖掘。而英语(二)则主要考查词汇表中偏“常见”一些的词汇和用法。所以不同的考生学习重点是不一样的。语法部分英语
(二)考试大纲仍然列出了八个要考查的语法点，(1)名词、代词的数和格的构成及其用法;(2)动词时态、语态的构成及其用法;(3)形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法;(4)常用连接词的词义及其用法;(5)非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、分词)的构成及其用法;(6)虚拟语气的构成及其用法;(7)各类从句(定语从句、主语从句、表语从句等)及强调句型的结构及其用法;(8)倒装句、插入语的结构及其用法。这说明，与英语(一)相比，英语(二)对语法的考查范围相对较小，更加注重基础。明确了大纲要求，同学们复习起来会更加有的放矢。就语言技能而言，与2012年大纲相比，2013年大纲没有任何变化，继续突出阅读和写作的重要性，关于阅读，英语(二)大纲明确了考查文章的题材、体裁和阅读能力要求;关于写作，英语(二)大纲要求 “根据所给的提纲、情景或要求完成相应的短文写作”，考生需要达到的标准是“思想明确，切中题意，结构清晰，条理清楚，用词恰当，无明显语言错误”，这些属于最基本的写作要求。总的来说，上述语言知识和语言技能仍然是研究生入学英语考试的主要测评目标。
对比往年考点，接下来根据2013年大纲，万学·海文为大家全面解析2013年考研英语
(二)的各个具体题型的总体要求：
完形填空
完形填空主要测试考生结合上下文的综合理解能力和语言运用能力，即在阅读理解的基础上对篇章结构、语法和词汇知识的运用能力的考查，这是对完形填空的定位。透过大纲可以看出对完形填空考核的重点：语法、固定搭配、近义词辨析和逻辑关系。考生可从历年真题中按照这几大重点去准备和复习有关考研完形填空方面的知识点，这样可以起到事半功倍的效果。
同时考虑到完形填空在历年考研中得分较低，考生解答完形填空题时，要多从上下文的角度来考虑，并运用逻辑推理，大到对文章整体，小到对句子之间和句子内部综合把握。此外，要多从惯用法和搭配的角度来考虑问题，平时复习就要对惯用法和搭配多多积累。英语(二)大纲指出，完形填空文章字数大约是350个词，比英语(一)的文章字数240-280词要多，字数多也就意味着给出了更多的已知线索，所以考生理解起来更顺畅、做起题来更轻松。
阅读理解
就阅读理解(Part A)而言，由于这是一个大家非常熟悉的题型，就是四选一的阅读理解题。关于阅读，英语(二)大纲明确指出“题材包括经济、管理、社会、文化、科普等，体裁包括说明文、议论文和记叙文等。”注意它是把经济和管理放在最前边的，也就是说经济类文章、管理类文章可能是比较重要的，同学们复习起来可以有所侧重。但并未像英语(一)那样提及3%的超纲词。英语(二)大纲还明确了要考查的阅读能力，一共六条，难度是低于英语(一)的，比较发现：首先，英语一要求大家能够理解文章中概念性的含义，而英语二是没有的。也就是文章中不太会出现一些特别抽象的，特别复杂的费解的概念;其次，英语(二)只要求进行相关的判断、推理，而不需要进行相关的引申，没有引申，也就是说在英语二中如果出现我们阅读理解中的一种题型，叫做推理题的话，它推理的难度要小于英语一;最后，英语二中没有要求区分阅读理解文章中的论点和论据，既然不让区分论点和论据，那就说明一点，我们在阅读理解中的一种题型，叫做例证题，基本上不会考了。
新题型
英语(二)大纲规定的备选题型有两种：一种是叫多项对应，试题内容分为左右两栏，左侧一栏为5道题目，右侧一栏为7个选项。要求考生在阅读后根据文章内容和左侧一栏中提供的信息从右侧一栏中的7个选项中选出对应的5项相关信息。一种叫小标题对应，文章前有7个概括句或小标题。这些文字或标题分别是对文章中某一部分的概括或阐述。要求考生根据文章内容和篇章结构从这7个选项中选出最恰当的5个概括句或小标题填入文章空白处。这种是与英语(一)中最简单的小标题选择题是完全一样的。2010年考查的是第三种正误判断题，2011年考查的是第一种多项对应题。2012年考查的是第一种多项对应题。翻译
在英语(一)里面，它是阅读理解部分的Part C，出题形式是提供一篇约400词的文章(字数和难度与阅读理解Part A的文章相似)，在5个句子下面画线，要求学生将画线句子译成中文。文章材料抽象，语言结构比较复杂，主要考查考生对复杂语言结构和复杂长难句的理解能力。
而英语(二)是单独的英译汉部分，要求考生阅读、理解长度为150词左右的一个或几个英语段落，并将其全部译成汉语。翻译量基本相同，但是由于是一个完整的语段理解和翻译，句子长短、难易结合，与英语(一)五个孤零零的长难句相比，难度要小很多。而且采分点就会比较分散，有些很简单的句子也是采分点，你把它翻译对了也能得分。与英语(一)相比得分更加容易。
写作
英语(一)和英语(二)的小作文备选题型是一样的，只考查私人或公务信函、备忘录和报告等，删除了摘要写作。2010年考查的是感谢信，2011年考查的是祝贺信。2012年考查的是投诉信。
针对大作文，英语(二)的字数要求稍微少一点，要求是150词以上，一般来讲写到150到180也就差不多了，不需要写太多。英语(二)大作文提供情景的形式为图画、图表或文字。根据大纲给出的样题分析，明年英语(二)考生大作文60%可能需要准备一下图表作文，40%还是需要关注一下图画作文。2010年、2011年、2012年考查的都是图表写作。
2013年的英语(二)大纲与2012年相比保持稳定性，各位考生可以继续按照既定复习思路和计划进行复习。并且英语(二)的难度相对英语(一)来讲要容易一些。所以，请准备考英语(二)的考生提高自信，夯实基础，灵活备考，2013年考研英语取得好成绩!
万学教育·海文考研
公共课教研中心英语教研室
第五篇：如何复习2018考研英语二各题型？
如何复习2018考研英语二各题型？
1.复习完形的两个要点：一是扎实熟练的英语语法知识和丰富的英语词汇知识。二是分析认识文章结构，理解领会文章逻辑关系的能力。
2.复习完形填空最好的资料就是真题，完形最喜欢考一词多义词类活用等，这就要求考生不只是掌握词汇的意思，更要掌握词汇的用法。所以比起词汇书，在真题中记词汇反而更合适。
3.向大家推荐一本真题：考研圣经，书中注释了每个真题原句中的大纲重难点词汇（包括词性、常见词义、近/反义词、词根词缀、例句等），完全可代替词汇书用以记忆单词。
4.阅读部分也很类似，基础和技巧皆需，所以要重视平时的练习。复习后期可以选择一本题量大的真题来刷题，比如说考研英语二真题汇编王，这本书是我用过最实在的书，37套真题，不到20块钱。
5.做翻译题要注意的一点是不能只看划线部分，必须全文通读，才能确保翻译出来句子的准确性。其次，英语和汉语的语法有一定差异，要注意语序的调整，推敲字句。
6.写作不仅需要积累好词好句，也需要大量的背诵和阅读，历年的真题作文都可以拿来背诵，对快速提高英语写作能力非常有帮助。除了背诵范文和模版，也要学会灵活的套用和转化。
7.不论是哪种题型，大量的练习是必须的，一边要大量做题，一边还要用心总结，认真分析真题的答案解析，只有不断查漏补缺方能进步，不然做题都是没有意义的。
8.英语二虽然不比英语一难度高，但是仍然需要认真备考，指定一个周密的复习计划是必须的，最好将整段时间留给做真题，零散的时间记单词。
下面系统推荐一下98%人都在用的考研英语二复习书：
一、词汇 1.《非常词汇》
适合人群：英语一和英语二通用
推荐理由:800个句子浓缩所有大纲单词，通过句子记单词，让你不再由A背到Z，背单词不再那么枯燥，记忆量大大变小了。赠送4大赠本中的《必考词+基础词+偶考词+超纲词》重点分明，如果时间不充足，那么只需要背必考词就可以啦！2.闪过英语考研《必考词汇应用全书》 适合人群：备考时间不足的人；英语一和英语二通用
推荐理由：闪过作为英语教辅第二品牌，为什么说闪过英语适合备考时间不足的人，因为闪过英语辅导书都有“薄、准、精、快”的特点，让你在短期内闪过英语考试。大家都知道必考词=考研英语70分，可见必考词是多的么重要，但是必考词的应用比记忆重要的多，尤其是应用的数量。本书不仅浓缩了1800个必考词，还给出了必考词所有的考点短语，记住，是所有考点短语哦！这些短语帮你在短期内搞定必考词在考试中的应用。
二、长难句
闪过英语考研《长难句闪过》
适合人群：备考时间不充足的考生
；英语一和英语二通用 推荐理由：《长难句闪过》被称作“长难句破解神器”，这本书不仅仅是向我们展示语法分析的结果，而教你通过“找主干，理清修饰词，看标点”三个步骤教你轻松简单的破解长难句，让你一看就懂，一 做就会！如果长难句是你的障碍，那么这本书是你最好的选择。
三、真题 1.《考研圣经》
适合人群：英语基础薄弱的考生
推荐理由：逐词逐句逐题精解英语真题，把真题文章每句的难点词汇和语法掰开了揉碎一句一句去讲，不用查字典，更不用查语法书，彻底恶补你的基础！这本书有两个版本，一个是基础加强版（05-09年真题）——适合第一阶段打基础；一个是高分突破版（10-17年真题）——适合第二阶段复习，适合基础薄弱的考研党，适合自己的就是最好的！学长学姐们都大力推荐！2.《考研英语二历年真题汇编王》 适合人群：想要刷题的人
推荐理由：刷题专用。这本书汇编了历年考试38套真题，适合在考前或者复习前期刷题用，题量大，却很便宜。想要刷题的人或者想全面了解往年考试真题概况的人，基本上都用这本书。
四、写作 《写作宝中宝》
适合人群：英语基础薄弱的考生 推荐理由：
1.涵盖所有的英语二真题作文，精选50篇必考话题作文！2.通过词-句-段-篇层层推进，搞定基础，一步步教会你写作文！3.利用真题“三步作文法”（模板范文+思路创新+语言创新）创新范文，教你写出好作文！这本书是大部分英语学长学姐们强烈推荐的英语二专用作文书！
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