第一篇：专家点评：考研英语大小作文如何提高分数
专家点评：考研英语大小作文如何提高分数
2008-03-30
万学海文
主持人：考研英语是考研所有科目中的重中之重，之所以说是重头戏，是因为对于很多考生来说，考研的成败很大程度取决于英语成绩的高低。英语试卷中，分值最大的有两部分，一是阅读，另一个是作文。有不少同学在网上留言栏里，对于英语作文复习方法和提高途径表示疑惑，希望得到专家的指点。今天我们荣幸的请到了国家考研英语阅卷组专家，全国考研英语辅导专家吴耀武老师。吴老师，欢迎您来参加我们的活动。
吴耀武：我也很荣幸。我将向09年准备考研的同学们说一下考研英语大小作文的复习方法。
主持人：吴老师作为西安外国语学院的名师，长期从事英语教学，在考研英语方面有着极深的研究和丰富的教学经验，在英语阅读与写作方面尤为突出。吴老师，近几年考研英语试卷的作文题命题方向是怎样的呢？您能和同学们讲一讲吗？
吴耀武：近些年考研英语作文写作部分分两类：大作文、小作文。小作文一般给出作文内容要点，以求职信，辞职信，道歉信和感谢信等为命题体裁，要求考生按照提示写清楚要表达的要点。考生在写小作文时，只要表意明确就可以了，不需要复杂华丽的文采修饰。
大作文类型，从文体上看，可以划分为说明文和议论文，因为考这类体裁的写作比较符合形势发展的实际需要，在学习、工作和生活中，人们所书写的材料大多也是说明文或议论文；从选题范围上看，大都是目前人们最为关注的问题，反映了当前社会的热门话题或可以用热门话题来透视的哲理性问题。通过对近些年的真题分析；从出题形式上看，在平稳中逐渐趋于多样化，写作题目易于理解，无论以文字的形式还是以图表、图画的形式出现都浅显易懂。
主持人：相信大家通过吴老师对考研英语作文的考点已有大体地了解了。吴老师，作为国家考研英语阅卷组专家，您对近些年考卷问题应该较为了解，您能集中问题来谈一谈考研英语作文应该怎样复习吗？
吴耀武：作文对考生扎实的语言功底有很高的要求。同学们在复习阶段要注意以下几点：
1、适当加强阅读量
很多考生无法清晰完整的用英语来表达自己的意思。之所以出现这样的情况原因在于平时阅读量小。在这里，我只想告诉大家，当你看得多了，记得多了，表达才能游刃有余。历年的写作考题的内容和主题基本都与当年的热点话题有一定的关系，因此，你要对社会热点问题、国际国家大事有所知晓，对于比较热点、比较重要的主题，可以有目的地进行搜集整理。另外，平时多阅读英语报纸杂志，可以帮助你掌握更多的话题资源。你读得越多，在潜移默化中，你提高英语写作能力的速度也就越快。
2、背诵经典文段
在平时阅读训练中，把一些经典文段整理到一个本子上，抽时间背诵它们，不能不说是积极备战快速提高写作成绩的一条捷径。考生可以选择历年真题的范文和一些与真题作文相近的文章进行背诵，要在理解文章内容的基础上有重点、有目的地进行背诵。把结构合理、适用于多种语言环境的句子背下来不但有助于你理解文章，更是能够在无形中增强你的表达能力。同学们也可以拿一些英语原著名篇来读、背，这样可以加强自己的语感，使自己的表达更加地道。
3、加强练习
加强实际写作练习有着至关重要的作用。考生最好能找有范文的题目进行练习，以便写完后能与范文进行对比。我们练习的重点是要检查文章是否切题，行文是否流畅，有无严重的语法错误等，同时通过与范文的比较可以及时发现自己的短处在哪。主持人：吴老师，据说您在授课上教学性很强，对命题规律把握性也很强，那么，就您总结过的作文命题特点，您能否给考生们一些权威的作文复习攻略和技巧上的指导呢？
吴耀武：好作文应该是紧扣文章主题，遵循特定的文体格式，选用恰当的语言合理组织文章结构，内容统一、连贯，语法、拼写、标点正确，用词恰当。
研究生入学考试要求学生在规定时间内完成两篇文章，从写作的过程来看，对于每一个给定题目每个考生都会有各种各样的想法，但100字或200字的文章所能容纳的内容是有限的，考生必须迅速思考，尽快进入角色。因此必要的写作策略对于考生来说有着举足轻重的作用。
1、认真审题
考研作文忌信手拈来，提笔就写，根本不审题，想到哪儿就写到哪儿，置考试要求于不顾，作文第一步是仔细审题，考生要仔细阅读试题要求及相关信息，如图表，图画，数字等，准确把握出题者意图。
2、列出提纲，慎重落笔
虽说考试时间有限，但是切忌匆忙落笔开始胡写乱诌。你可以先花一点时间列个提纲，对原始材料分析归纳后要形成一个基本的框架。文章打算分几段写，每段大概怎样写，自数控制在多少，开头段落是道破主题，点名要旨，引人入胜还是先给出主题一般的背景情况和对主题进行浓缩的陈述呢，中间段落和结尾有怎样写呢。这些都要心中有数。
列好提纲开始落笔写作的过程中，要注意如下几点：
1)突出重点，注重逻辑
考生在选择材料时应注重选择那些最能体现中心思想、最具代表性的材料，这些材料要共同表达一致的信息。选材时切忌胡子眉毛一把抓。词语堆积，不伦不类。前后及段落之间在逻辑关系上要紧密衔接，不能把没有任何逻辑关系的词放在一起。可以用恰当的关联词把思想连贯的表达出来。
2)用词准确，语法正确
考试时要特别注意语法，此语，语气，标点符号等，为了避免太多单词拼写错误，语法错误，不要为了追求词语的华丽而堆积一些自己也没把握的单词，不要刻意追求长句而写一些自己不知对错的有多个从句组成的长句。考试时最好选择自己最有把握的词汇，短语，句式。
3)题目要求要达到
字数要符合作文题目要求，否则很难拿高分。
如果时间允许，可以在答完后进行修改。检查一下词汇拼写是否准确，构句语法等是否正确。
主持人：听了您这番讲解，连我都受益匪浅。非常感谢您在百忙之中抽出时间，给予09年准备考研的考生的作文复习如此权威的学习建议。
吴耀武：今天我也很高兴能为09年考研的同学们提供些考研英语作文复习的建议，希望我的建议能对同学们有帮助。
第二篇：2013考研英语大小作文-万能
2013 年考研英语大小作文万能模板
考研英语小作文万能模板
书信类：
一、.咨询信 ★★★★★
写作模式：写信目的+介绍背景+询问详情+表示谢意，期盼回复
Dear Sir or Madam，As a „„, I am writing to ask if „„.„„.I appreciate it if you could „„/I will be looking forward to hearing from you soon.两句皆可）
Truly yours，Xiao xiang
二、投诉信 ★★★★★
写作模式：提出投诉+具体投诉内容+要求
Dear Sir or Madam，I write this to place a complaint against „„/ I venture to write to complain about „„（两句皆可）the quality of „„I bought „„.During „„ has been in my possession, problems have emerged one after another.For one thing，„„, For another，„„.Therefore，wish you would look into occurrence immediately and send me a replacement as soon as I possible.or I will demand a refund.Yours，Xiao xiang
三、邀请信 ★★★★★
写作模式：发出邀请+说明事由+说明活动地点、时间+表示期待、感谢 邀请信分为发出的邀请信和回复别人的邀请信。一发出的邀请信 分为邀请名人和邀请参加聚会.⑴ 请名人
Dear „„，We should be very grateful if you could „„/May I take the opportunity to you to „„.（两句皆 可）.Please let me know as soon as possible if you come and when you will be able to make it.Sincerely，Xiao xiang ⑵ 请参加聚会 Dear „„，I wonder if there is any chance for you to come to …….It would be my pleasure to share the important moments with you.……I am glad to tell you that …….There are also arrangements for ……, which I am sure you will thoroughly enjoy.The dinner starts at …… so that we can have a nice and long evening.I would love for you to attend, so pleasure let me know your decision.Love，Xiao xiang
（3）回复别人的邀请信 ：一般情况下为拒绝别人的邀请信
Dear „„，It，s an honor for me to be invited, but I deeply regret being unable to „„.„„.I do hope I can have a chance to visit „„.Regretfully，Xiao xiang
（此种写信格式为顶格式写作 在考研英语作文中比较少见 但不失为一种新颖的写作方法 可借鉴）另：附邀请信参考句式： ①It would give me/us great pleasure to have your presence at the Reception /Dinner/Ceremony to be held on „„(date)at „„（place）at „„（time）.②It is my pleasure, on behalf of „„, to invite you to visit our university for a week/to present a key-note speech on „„.③We are having /planning a „„ on „„(date)and we think it would be a good idea if you can join us.2 ★★★
四、致歉信 ★★★
写作模式: 表示歉意+说明理由+提出弥补措施+请求原谅
Dear Sir or Madam，I regret to tell you that I won t be able to „„.Consequently, I wish to know if it would be possible for you to „„.I apologize for any inconvenience I have caused, and thank you for your understanding.You can contact me at „„, or call me at „„.Yours Sincerely，五、感谢信 ★★★
写作模式: 表示感谢+说明事由+再次表示感谢
Dear „„，Please accept my thanks for the very pleasant time I spent together with you for „„, I very much appreciated your hospitality.„„.I know the beautiful day will keep me happy for a long time.Thanks again for your warm hospitality and goodbye!I hope I can return your favors at „„very soon.Cordially，Sincerely，Xiao xiang
Xiao xiang
六、推荐信 ★★★★★
写作模式:
To whom It May Concern,(解释为相关负责人)In reply to „„(人名)request for a letter of recommendation, I have great pleasure to write this letter in his favor.„„(人名)was working with me for „„(three、four)years in the capacity of confidential clerk.We are once very good working terms.„„(人名)left me just because „„.During the years he was in my service, his work was highly appreciated bye everyone in my firm.He was conscientious to his work and responsible for his clients.I am sure you will find him strictly honest hardworking and intelligent in the best sense of the word, as I found his here.Yours Sincerely，Xiao xiang
七、辞职信 ★★★
写作模式: 提出辞职+说明原因、表示遗憾或感谢+期盼回复
Dear „„，I am writing to inform you of my intention of withdrawing form my current position in „„.Thank you very much for having given me this opportunity to take such a promising position in …….Though having …….I, unfortunately, find that…….First of all, ……, moreover, …….Therefore, I decided to quit this position after careful consideration.I wish you will considek my request.I apologize in advance for any inconvenience it might bring to you.Yours Sincerely，Xiao xiang
另：附辞职信参考句式： ①Looking back upon „„.②my present job doesn,t fall in with my previous training and strength.③However, As a young man whose primary interest is „„ rather than „„.④I have had a very happy and enjoyable time working with you and other colleagues, from whom I have received lots of help and have learnt much.⑤Please accept my sincere gratitude, as much as my regret for not being able to serve here any longer.⑥I am sorry to inform you by this letter that I plan to „„.八、求职信 ★★★ ★★★
写作模式: 自我介绍、说明求职原因+表示个人能力、经历及求职动机+希望取得面试机会、表示感谢
Dear Sir or Madam，I am writing to apply for the position of „„ you advertised in yesterday,s „„.To briefly introduce myself, I am a graduate student of „„university majoring in ……, and 4 expect graduation this June, not only have I excellent academic performance in all courses, I also posses the rich experience of …… My interactive personal skill and teamwork spirit are also appropriate for this post.My complete resume is attached.I would be grateful if you could arranger an interview at your earlist convenience.Yours Sincerely，Xiao xiang
九、请求信 ★★★
写作模式: 介绍自己、提出请求+说明原因及其它事项+表达协议、期盼回复
Dear Sir or Madam，I am writing in the hope of your assistance to/ I would like to apply for „„/ I wonder if and you could spare some time to „„.(三句皆可)„„.Thank you for your time and patience./ Thank you for your consideration.I am looking forward to your reply./Looking forward to a prompt reply form you.(三句皆可)
Sincerely Yours，Xiao xiang
十、建议信 ★★★
写作模式: 自我介绍、说明目的+委婉提出建议及改进措施或提出忠告+礼貌地总结或期盼回复
To whom It May Concern,(解释为相关负责人)
As a „„, I would like to take the opportunity to express my appreciation for your kind assistance as always.Meanwhile, I feel that it would be benifical to express my views concerning „„.In the first place, „„.I would also recommend „„.Last but not least, „„.I hope that you take my suggestions into serious consideration.Yours Sincerely，Xiao xiang
十一、贺信 ★★★★★
写作模式: 说明事由并表达自己衷心的祝贺+展开评论事件、赞扬收信人+再次表达良好祝愿
Dear „„，I am much delighted to learn that „„.This is a special and happy moment for you and proud of your achievement.„„.not only „„, but also „„.I believe this position will be a new beginning, a chance for you to embrace a fuller life and pave the way for a brilliant future career.Please accept my most sincere congratulations!Best wishes，Yours Sincerely，Xiao xiang
十二、订购信★★
订购信一般用于订购某种货物或机票、车票，属于事务信件。在书写订购信的时候，最重要的是要清新明白地说明所要订购的对象的数量、价格、规格等等，如果是机票、车票等，则须说明出发地、目的地、出发时间等。此外，写明你自己的名字、地址、邮编，以及你期望的送货方式等也是非常重要的。要避免写冗长的句子，因为此类信函以传达信息为主，所以能让对方明白你的意图是最重要的。
下面是一封订购飞机票的信函： Dear Sir or Madam:
I am on an urgent mission and want to get to Hong Kong as soon as possible.Please reserve for me a seat in the plane leaving Guangzhou for Hong Kong at 8 a.m.tomorrow.A seat by the window in the economic section is preferred.I shall be very grateful if you would deliver the ticket to Room 418 of the Baiyun Hotel where I am staying.If there is no seat available at 8 a.m.tomorrow, please inform me as soon as possible, so that I can change a flight.Thank you very much!
Yours faithfully，Steve Brown
十三、投诉信★★★
投诉信一般是针对质量低劣的产品或者服务，其送寄对象应该是对方主管部门的负责人。写投诉信的目的是为了让对方同情你的遭遇或者碰到的问题，继而给出你所期望的解决方法。因此，写这类信件最重要的一点是要实事求是，一定要遵守“简明、公正”的原则，切勿夸大其词，引起对方的反感。
投诉信中应该包含的内容有：你所投诉的问题；该问题给你造成的不良后果；与投诉有关的重要依据，如商品简要说明、购买日期地点等；你所希望的解决方法和最后结果。此外，还可以向对方建议解决问题的最后日期，并表示对所投诉问题的妥善解决充满信心。
投诉信一般可分为三段：第一段说明信的主要意思，即提出要解决的问题，以及解决问题的重要性；第二段可以解释一下详细的情况，提出与投诉有关的重要依据；最后一段一般是提建议，说出你所期望的解决方法。
以下是一封样信：
Dear Sir，Enclosed is one sample of the envelopes which your delivery truck left in our office yesterday.We wish, however, to exchange them for the correct size, or obtain a refund.When our supply secretary selected and purchased official envelopes in your store last week on December 12, she asked that size L be sent to our office.The size we received is small, and of course it does not serve our needs.The sales receipt is #3968, dated December 12, written by salesclerk #189.Please send us the correct size L envelopes in exactly the same style and color, or if this is not available now, cash refund of $ 50.50.Thank you very much..Sincerely yours，Li Ming
十四、捐助信★★
写作模式：向有关部门提出捐助申请，申明捐助对象和理由，明确捐助方式或内容，期盼回复。
To whom it may concern，I am writing to offer aid to …….How can I aid ……..? When I saw …….on television , it seemed
as through I also heard the voices of their hearts asking for help.I want to do whatever I can do to help ……..I would particularly like to donate ……..Thank you for taking my contribution into consideration.Please notify me when you find a suitable recipient , and send me his/her detailed information.Sincerely yours，Li Ming 其他应用文：
便笺类 告示类
一、通知二、三、四、五、六、海报
启事（招聘、寻物、招领、征稿、更正）演讲稿 备忘录 便条
以上（其他应用文）详见模拟练习复印版~
2013年考研英语大作文模板
2013考研英语大作文三大类模板，出题基本上在这三种类型，需要提醒大家的是：模板并不是作文，需要灵活运用才能拿更高分。
分类一：不利于社会的现象 92-沟通 97-吸烟
98-虚假承诺 99-人口增长与环境 00-过度捕捞 06-偶像崇拜 05-孝顺 11-环保
分类二：自身发展所需的品质 94-交友 96-健康
03-独立能力 04-发展
07-自信与挑战 08-互助合作 12-乐观态度
分类三：好坏分论 91-城乡居住 93-电视广告 09-网络
分类三：好现象 95-希望工程 01-爱心
02-10-文化交流
模板一（分类一）
As is vividly/symbolically depicted in the picture/cartoon,we can notice that____ Through the thought-provoking illustration, the drawer aims to point out that attention has to be paid to ___.(解释现象,一两句话足矣).There is no telling how our future will precisely be if we allow this phenomenon continue as it is, however, absolutely will it be a prospect horrifies everyone.By that time, social stability will on the edge of precipice.So to sum up, it is imperative for us to envisage realities and take effective measures before the situation turns from bad to worse.For one thing, our authorities should exercise strict control over___.(___).For another, we should cultivate the awareness of people that ___ is very vital to us.(___).As is often the case, it is our unconscious behavior that aggravate the problem.Only in this way can we curb the current evil phenomenon revealed in the picture and develop a harmonious social atmosphere.附上一些句子可以用在模板中：
1: To serve as responsible stewards of the planet,we should reject the false behaviour and comply with the code of conduct consciously.2: behaviors which harm public order or violate social ethics 3: we should respect the surrounding w living in and behavior as a literate person.4: Nowadays, the absence of fundamental social ethic of many, if not the most, people may lead to a serious consequence.5: 道德方面 ___has always been the traditional virtue of Chinese culture for thousands of years.模板二（分类二）
As is vividly/symbolically depicted in the picture/cartoon,we can notice that____.[The caption in the drawing reads:"".] [Which may open the door to success.] Undoubtedly, through the thought-provoking illustration, the drawer aims at reminding us the significance of ___.Owing to te quickening pace of life, competition goes increasingly fierce in all walks of life, and this makes it easier for us to encounter difficulties on our way to success.Then we need ___ to surmount the challenge.Once a person lose___,he can hardly attain success.(例子，实例或虚例).When all factors are considered, we may safely come to the conclusion that ___ really count in this competitive society.It deserves more attention and praising from the public.For one thing, our authorities should publicize the noble story of eminent people who attain outstanding achievement in their career, and set good examples for the children.For another, parents and teachers should cultivate children 's concept of the significance of ___ since childhood.例子：For instance, when we come to a difficulty in our study, work and life.[We should strengthen our mind, which will lead to a powerful impetus, to solve the problem.] Thus we will take a solid step towards success.Also, when we look back to history, we can find that the elitists____.模板三（分类三）
As is vividly/symbolically depicted in the picture/cartoon,we can notice that____.Through the thought-provoking illustration, the drawer aims to point out the advantages and disadvantages of ___.As ___ is playing an increasing important role in our daily life nowadays.Just like a coin has two sides, ___ is a two-edged weapon.On one hand, ___.On the other hand, ___.So to sum up, it is imperative for us to take effective measures aims at the disadvantages ___ bring to us.For one thing, our authorities should exercise strict control over ___.Person who attempt to destroy the normal order of ___ should be punished seriously, thus to establish a healthy ___ culture.For another, we should cultivate ourselves the capability of distinguishing right from wrong and utilize ___ moderately.Thus, we will enjoy a better life and develop a harmonious society.出题基本上在前三种类型，但分类四也不能丢。另外模板并不是作文，需要灵活运用才能拿更高分。
另不好现象中也有可以正面出题的题型，例如05-孝顺11-环保，但一般来说从反面写作容易些，就算给的图阐释的是一个好现象也可以从反面论述。但正面论述也要练习几篇。
附加篇： 从类型上： 1.图画作文
It seems to me that the cartoonist is sending a message about _______(图画主题)，which is ______________(进一步的说明)。He seems to be saying that_______________(给出细节)。In my opinion，___________(个人阐述)。
This simple picture is a wake up call for ______(所涉群体，如the whole of the human race)。Therefore，it is imperative for us to take drastic measures to put an end to _____________(问题所在)。One the one hand，we must _________________(建议一)。It is clear that the drawer of the illustration is urging us to _________(进一步说明)。On the other hand，________________(建议二)Only in this way can we___________(展望前景)。2.图表作文
The chart gives us an overall picture of the ____________(图表主题)。The first thing we notice is that_______________(图表最大特点)。This means that as __________，_________________(进一步说明)。
We can see from the statistics given that _______________(图表细节一)。After ving_________(细节一中的第一个变化)，the _____Ved+幅度+时间(紧跟着的变化)。The figures also tells us that_________________________(图表细节二)。(数据位置，如In the second column)，we can see that ____________accounts for _______(进一步描述)。
Judging from these figures，we can draw the conclusion that___________(结论)。The reason for this，as far as I am concerned is that_____________(给出原因)。/ It is high time that we Ved(发出倡议)3.利弊型作文
Recently the issue of whether or not______(讨论话题)has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.There are two major arguments that can be made for_________.For one thing，__________can bring ____ to_____________(优点一)。For another，it is widely hold that people usually ____when ________________________________(优点二)。But we must not lose sight of the fact that there are also drawbacks to__________，among which are ____________(列举缺点)。For instance，it can be __________to _____________(举例说明)。In addition，many people find it ________(形容词)to _______________(第二个缺点)When asked to __________，I tend to ____________.This is because I _______________(原因一)。Furthermore，_______________________(原因二)。Finally，______________(原因三)。4.展望未来型
The effects ___________ has produced on____________ can be boiled down to two major ones.First，__________________(影响一)。More importantly，________________(影响二)。Hence，I believe that we will see a ____________(提出展望)/ Nevertheless，I do not think we will see a ______(或反面展望)There are numerous reasons why ____，and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones here.The first is that the more(比较级)_____，the more(比较级)。In addition，we all aGREe that________________________(第二个原因)*提纲式命题作文
提纲式作文既有论说文，也有议论文。它主要考查的内容为：说明主题，分析原因或解释做法。例如：1995年的试题“希望工程”中提纲的要求是：(1)Present situation.(2)Necessity of the project.(3)My suggestion.它要求考生解释说明“希望工程”，分析开展希望工程的意义和原因，联系考生自己提出一些建议或具体的做法。从提纲的要求上看，提纲式命题作文对联系社会的要求不是很多，写作难度也相对较小。它要求考生在正确理解题意的基础上，根据提纲去选择素材。提纲提供了每段的段落大意，在开展论述时不能偏离提纲或改变内容。提纲一般为三部分，考生应针对提纲采用三段的结构来开展文章。如：
Nowadays，China’s economy is fast developing.People’s living standard has improved a lot.In some areas，however，there are still many people living below the poverty line.They have difficulties for the very basics like food and clothes，let alone getting good education.What can we do to help these less developed areas in our country? I think we can do the following things.First of all，the government and our society must pay more attention to these less developed areas.The government should spend more money on the basic construction projects in these areas instead of spending it on cultural and artistic projects in cities.It should also encourage some private enterprises and companies to donate to these poor areas.Secondly，transportation is very important in less developed areas.We should help them build more railways and more roads so that the local people can benefit from the convenient transportation.It can also promote their communication with developed areas.Finally，technology is necessary in developing economy in these areas.Poor farmers should be taught technology and new skills and should have easier access to money in the bank，such as getting loans to start businesses.All in all，so long as we continue our efforts to help these less developed areas，these areas will shake off poverty sooner or later.再如：
Directions：
Write an article to an English newspaper discussing laid-off workers and re-employment in China.In your article you should(1)describe briefly the present situation of unemployment，(2)analyze the causes of it，(3)give advice for re-employment.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.范文：
There is an increasing number of workers，not only the middle-aged but also the young who are laid off from their jobs.Some laid-offs thus become poverty-stricken and can hardly support their children to continue their studies.And those employed are also worried a great deal that someday they may lose their jobs.This phenomenon has caught great attention in society.In order to maintain social stability，many re-employment service centers are being set up to give the laid-offs a helping hand.The increasing number of laid-off workers is caused mainly by the industrial restructuring and economic development across the country.In market economy，the enterprises have to reduce workforce or the redundant.Another reason is that some enterprises claim bankruptcy owing to their poor management and backward product structure，which made millions of workers jobless.Laborers from the countryside are also contributing to the increasing numbers of the laid-offs.Off-job doesn’t mean no job.There are plenty of opportunities for the laid-off workers to be re-employed.Take Shanghai for example，the city is developing into an international economic center，shifting its old labor intensive industries out of the city and replacing them with new enterprises.But there is a fundamental requirement for the laid-offs if they want to be enrolled in these new posts.They must have certain skills.To many laid-off workers，they have to get job training to make themselves qualified and competitive in the human resources market.从主题上： 5.网络问题
In recent years，people are developing an inseparable relationship with Internet.As is vividly depicted in the picture，it is convenient for us to click the mouse when surfing on line，either to entertain ourselves or to meet the work‘s needs.Actually on-line visiting has become a routine activity in our everyday life.However，it seems rather ironic to use a chain instead of normal wire to connect with the mouse in this picture.The exaggerative and impressive portrayal has subtly revealed the duality of the relationship between man and Internet.Discussion on the duality has become very popular in newspapers or in people‘s chats.On the one hand，no one denies that Internet is currently one of the most useful media in our daily life.People from all walks of life are benefiting considerably from its powerful function of information communication.But on the other hand，a GREat many people admit that they are too much addicted to Internet to maintain a regular and wholesome lifestyle.Cyber-living resembles the experience of looking constantly into a kaleidoscope which displays both colored patterns and illusions.Such a waste of time inevitably leads to their failure in their life and work.Accordingly，it is necessary for us to use Internet in a reasonable way and restrain from overindulgence.For one thing，college students in expanding numbers get on line every day to learn the news，to study English by registering for web courses，to exchange information through e-mails with their net friends and to download their favorite music，FLASH，film and pictures.Being veteran on-line shoppers，they frequently purchase books，CDs at much lower prices.For another，once indulged in the fictitious world，people can barely concentrate on real life.Consequently，many students just chat on line or play computer games immoderately everyday，skipping many essential classes.After all，Internet is invented to enrich our life，to connect you and me，and to improve the efficiency of our work rather than shackle us with a chain.6.环境问题
the pictures symbolically illustrate pollution is becoming increasingly serious around the globe.In the first cartoon，a man is scorching the earth on a chimney.In the second one，a famous ancient Chinese poet，Wang Bo is astonished by the heavy smoke poured by chimneys into the air and dirty river polluted by a factory.We are informed that “the autumn river is the same color with the sky”。the drawer is sending a message about the significance of the need for everyone to fight against the danger of environmental pollution.There is no denying that the industry is indications of civilization，proGREss and development.Unfortunately，as industry develops，so will the number of factories，and the amount of industry pollutants.We are so development-oriented that we almost can sacrifice our blue sky and pure water in order to obtain a little material gain.As a consequence，it is imperative for us to take drastic actions.On the one hand，the factories should be equipped with devices which can dispose of waste gas and water so as to prevent them from polluting our planet.On the other hand，there should be an increasingly loud voice from the public for firm actions against poisonous gas sent off and unhealthy water polluted by factories.7.环境保护类
模板1：
This is a very interesting piece of cartoon, in thanks to.Hence,.Though being a little exaggerating, the cartoon illuminates a serious fact that , and for that matter,.A recent report also supported this view by.On the contrary, we are sad to perceive that.Therefore, in my opinion, it is already high time for the whole world to form a solid cooperation fighting against , because not a single government or person can be exempt from its harm.A series of down-to-earth measures need to be urgently implemented to control.(参见范文2)
模板2：
Nowadays, lots of people have the illusion that.Just as what is shown in the picture,.This is a very serious social problem.Compared with other countries, China.If everybody behaves in this way, it would be far beyond the country’s capacity to.Moreover, it was reported that.Meanwhile,.Also,.Though , it is never the only way.What’s important, to solve these problems depends largely on our responsibility for society and environment.If the sense of responsibility is greatly aroused, the achievement of harmony between man and the environment will not be far away.(参见范文7)
Ø 功能II：论证观点
这种类型的文章主要分析论证一些具体的观点。一般情况下三段的分布为：第一段描述图画内容，第二段提出观点、进行理论分析和事例分析，第三段总结观点、表明态度。8.职业道德
the cartoons vividly depict people in expanding numbers are engaged in open and rampant cheating in business.In the first drawing，a boy has no courage to have dinner in front of delicious foods in that there may exist pesticide pollution or poisonous elements in the foods.In the second picture，the administrative office，salesmen，breeding families and forage shops are laughing at the hanging of a poisonous duck.Professional dishonesty has a very damaging effect.In the first place，since cheating in business reveals the moral deficiencies as well as the humanity weakness of those businessmen who engage in it，the dishonest practice will ultimately exerts a perverse influence on the whole society.In the second place，it not only puts honest businessmen at a competitive disadvantage，encouraging those who did not cheat to adopt similar practices later，but undermines the very foundation of professional ethics in business.模板1：
We can see from the picture that , but.If , he would surely express.There are three reasons to explain why it happens to.Firstly, , which resulted from.Secondly, though ,.Consequently,.Thirdly,.I maintain that effective measures should be taken to put an end to this phenomenon.Firstly, we need to endeavor to advocate.Secondly, strict regulations should be enacted and enforced to create a harmonious and orderly society.Only through the combined efforts can we eliminate this “tumor” forcefully and completely.(参见范文6)
模板2：
As is shown in the cartoon,.Take in the cartoon for example.This phenomenon appears commonly in our daily life.Nowadays,.Instead, they only try their best to Such deeds not only , but also.Therefore, it is of great significance to take actions to change this phenomenon.First and foremost,.In addition,.All these steps can help guarantee a solid economic order and a harmonious society.(参见范文8)
It is often painful to impose sanctions in a specific case.But it is worthwhile.For one thing，to eliminate professional dishonesty thoroughly，serious forms of punishment for a willful offense—a suspension of the offender from business—should be applied.For another，since the incentives to engage in cheating in business are mainly due to a lack of adequate precautions，drastic actions should be taken to prevent one form of cheating or another.9、身体健康类
模板1：
The picture.What is strikingly noticeable is , but it can be easily explained by shown in the picture.The discernable unhealthiness discloses a prevalent phenomenon that has long existed in the China’s.One the one hand,.On the other hand,.As a result, the integration of poor living conditions and work pressure leads naturally to their poor health and short life-span, just as the picture tells us.The situation is rather depressing because , and it is largely owing to.To solve the problem, I think there should be a thriving social trend , and those who should be rewarded with good living and working conditions.(参见范文2)
模板2：
In the picture, we are amazed to find that.It clearly tells us that in the domain of , there are.has long been a problem since , and are turning to be an increasingly severe problem because of.Besides, there are more reasons responsible for this issue.Firstly,.Secondly,.Thirdly,.Judging from the analysis above, we may safely come to the conclusion that the daunting problem demands effective counter-measures.Most importantly, the government needs to implement sufficiently relevant laws and regulations in order to enhance the strength of.In addition, all residents should be aware of.(参见范文8)
10、人口增长类
模板1：
The picture depicts a scene in which.The scene is presented in an artistic and ironic manner.Crowds of people are crammed in.Further examination reveals that.Apparently, the picture symbolizes that humans, with such a huge population, may one day suffer from the exhaustion of earth resources.Take for example.Given the fact that , we find that.To make it worse,.If the conflict between population boom and shortage of resources is not properly controlled, we have every reason to hold a pessimistic perspective towards human’s future on Earth.Perhaps eventually we would face the situation suggested by the picture, that is,.Accordingly, I strongly recommend that the whole globe launch aggressive programs to address this fatal contradiction.(参见范文3)
模板2：
Basically, what we see in this cartoon is.The interestingly echos the.while we can imagine.We can deduce from this picture that the artist is trying to attract our attention to the present exploding world population.The striking point is that.As a result,.On the contrary,.The simple picture is a wake-up call for the whole of human race..Hence, mankind should cooperate worldwide to control population by effective measures, in order to secure the prosperity of our future on this planet.(参见范文2)
11、情感类
模板1：
As is shown in the picture above,.Obviously from we can surmise that.It goes without saying that the primary purpose of the picture lies in eulogizing the practice of.As a matter of fact, it is not rare to find in our everyday life deeds of similar nature.For instance,.Additionally, we can also hear many stories about.Not to mention those moving cases of.All in all, I firmly believe that a harmonious society is based on a.By , people not only harvest , but also gain that can never be purchased via money.(参见范文7)
模板2： , just as is depicted in the picture.It is not difficult to find that in today’s society, more and more people begin to.It is rather good news to.The picture reminds us that in China, due to ,.Moreover, there are.In addition, we should not forget.is a good way to express human love.To some extent, it also reflects individuals’ sense of social responsibility.It is also a feeling from deep heart that is beyond words and is difficult to obtain no matter how rich one is.Therefore, I strongly advocate that.I am sure our society will hence be more beautiful because of.这种类型的文章主要描述一些现象并具体分析解释现象的原因等。一般情况下三段的分布为：第一段描述图画内容，第二段分析该现象的原因、意义等，第三段总结观点、或提出建议。
12文化交流类
模板1：
It is a very eye-catching photo in which.What makes this picture extraordinary is , which clearly indicates.The sense of that permeates this picture is representative of , that is, , and therefore,.China, in particular,.The effect of such communication can be best exemplified by.While people belong to nations, cultures know no boundary.is not only featured by , but more importantly, by.I firmly believe that is contributing, and will contribute more to the world’s peace, development, and prosperity.(参见范文1)
模板2：
What is presented here is a very interesting scenario..From the subtitle we can infer that.Conspicuously,.We can deduce from the picture that.It partly owes to , and partly to.Except the case reflected in the picture, there are numerous evidence demonstrating.For example,.From a personal point of view, I am delighted to witness.To sum up,.As for China,.Therefore, I can firmly conclude that in the long run, cultural exchanges will contribute to a flourishing Chinese and global economy, as well as diversified cultures.13、教育类
模板1：
As the title indicates, “ ”, the set of pictures apparently reminds us that.It is discernable that.The drawing virtually reminds its audience a widespread phenomenon existing negatively in the area of basic education in China, that is,.That is to say,.Such a practice is very harmful in terms of the following aspects.Firstly,.Secondly,.Last but not the least,.In my point of view, , but it is only part of the picture.On the other hand,.Therefore, it is an urgent task to.As children are the future of our nation, creating a good environment for their upbringing means creating a bright and promising future for our nation.模板2：
The picture shows.symbolizes.As is quoted in the picture,.It apparently mirrors an increasingly common social phenomenon in China— in contrast with.One the one hand, the problem partially attributes to.Sometimes.On the other hand,.For example, , while.In my opinion, the government needs to launch a reform in the education system with measures that can show immediate effect.proves to be most beneficial to students.Further, a large-scale reform in the macroeconomic level to is the basic solution of this issue.14、人生价值类
模板1：
As the old Chinese saying goes,.It echoes with this picture in which.The title of the picture further points out that.The picture is meant to.As far as I am concerned, I think.This universal truth can be particularly proved in the field of , where.A brief survey of history about also demonstrates the fundamental importance of., for example,.The same principle applies to common people as well, and I am sure everybody can benefit from.模板2：
From the picture we can perceive that.What astonishes the drawing and the readers is that.It is known to all that , but it seems.The artist utilizes this artistic presentation to imply a spreading vogue that.Ultimately, the trend boils down to.Accordingly,.To worsen the problem, this behavior is evoking.In my point of view, we are in a prime time to curb the problem from deteriorating.First and foremost, the whole society should arrive at the consensus that.Besides, an awareness of should be infused into everybody’s mind.15、家庭关系类
模板1：
The cartoon reveals a very thought-provoking scene.The artist purposefully exaggerates.This picture reveals the in-depth problem of.In fact,.There are two reasons for this.The first and perhaps most important is that.The other reason is more serious from a practical point of view..It owes to.In my point of view, the trend goes quite against the genuine and original purpose of our.What I want to emphasize by the above analysis is that,.Therefore, I strongly contend that.模板2：
There is a popular Chinese song, named “ ”, which encourages.However, the in the picture does but for a very different reason—.From the facial expression of we can read.Sadly as it is, this phenomenon does not occur rarely in today’s society, for which are responsible.For one thing,.For another,.As a matter of fact, the boosting economic development in China sadly and ironically witnesses a deterioration of.The above analysis is best exemplified by.In my opinion, the awareness of is elementary for paving the way towards success.16、社会热点类
模板1：
The two pictures illustrate vividly.In the left picture , while in the right.From the two pictures we can sense a crazy tendency of.Aside from , another telling example is , which was so successful in that.The pictures also make it obvious that we should.Admittedly, it is natural that.Nevertheless, it is the responsibility of our government and society to.In my opinion, what’s the more important is to.In short,.(参见范文1)
模板2：
It goes without saying that this picture aims at revealing a current problem:.In this drawing,.Even.It seems to me that the artist is sending a message about the importance of.Though the drawing is a little exaggerating, it is not rare for us to find in.If we let this situation of continues, it not only harms , but also prevents.Accordingly, we urgently call for.Though the government has already taken pains to implement regulations, it still failz to.In my opinion, this problem should be urgently solved so as to protect benefits.I expect the government will put forward more effective propositions as soon as possible.比较不同事物或者同一事物的不同方面的文章模板：
一般情况下三段的分布为：第一段描述图画内容、提出问题，第二段列举和分析对于该问题的不同看法和观点、进行对比和比较，第三段阐明自己的观点和看法。
模板1：
According to the two pictures presented, it can be observed that.In the left picture,.A the same time, as the right one shows.Different people have different views on.Some people support by claiming that.In their opinion,.In addition,.Meanwhile, there are some people, especially young men, who.Their reasons are quite different, sometimes for , sometimes for , sometimes simply for.In my point of view, both sides are partly right.To thoroughly analyze this problem, we should take into consideration of all relevant aspects, so as to make the right decision.Therefore, my conclusion would be that.模板2：
From the drawing, we can learn that.It can be seen easily that..We can deduce from that people’s opinion on vary from person to person.Some people take it for granted that.For example, they firmly believe that.But they often neglect that fact that.Yet there are also another group of people who hold a different point of view.They think that.Beside,.Personally, my attitude for this matter is positive, with reasons as follows.Firstly,.Moreover,.Lastly,.Therefore,.
第三篇：考研英语大小作文
小作文
Recruitment announcement
Do you want to be part of(组织/单位名称)do you want to(工作带啦的诱人待遇？)here comes your opportunity becoming(职位名称).In order to assure its success, we will recruit …from….if you possess(应聘者需要具备的素质),you will be the ideal candidate we are looking for.To seize such wonderful opportunity, you just need to send your resume to….Tf needing more details ,please contact us at our telephone number 123456789.询问信
Dear Sir：
I would like to inquire about some information on(主旨),I would be very grateful if you could reply as soon as possible.I shall be grateful if you could have details concerning(主旨)available.we would be grateful for many further information you may be able to give us about the(主旨).Would you please tell me ….I am looking forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.邀请信
Dear ….:
I am pleased to invite you to participate in(活动名称)to be held from 时间to 时间 in 地点.You are welcome to the party.The party will hold a lot of wonderful surprise for you ,so make sure you join us then.It will also be an opportunity for all of us to step out of our professional roles and really connect as people.活动名称 is served st 6pm,and there are games afterwards.We hope you can conce, and look forward to seeing you by then.I am looking forward to your reply.祝贺
Dear …:
I am extremely glad to hear that you 成就in your ….I congratulate you on this achievement.It is excellment of you to 成就.as we all know, you are always intelligence, which is essential to 成就.Moreover, your diligence enable you to 成就.I think that is 主题句.There is no doubt that 成就.Having you as a friend , I really feel both proud and lucky because I can often learn so much from you.I am sure, you will continue to challenge your self to ever greater success in your future career.求职信
Dear …:
I have read your advertisement in 地点of 时间for 职位, and should be grateful if you consider me as a candidate for the position.Keenly interested I am in the post of 职位 you have advertised on the job market because I think my major ,right personality and my practical experience particularly matches your requirements of the post.For one thing, ….For another, …
I shall be pleased to furnish you with any further information concerning my education and work experience.If my application were taken into favorable consideration, I would be most grateful.I am looking forward to your early reply.求学信
Dear…:
I wish to apply to admission to your department as a postgraduate student.As your require, I have written a personal statement to give a detailed description of my academic and work experience in 现读 university.I also wrote my reasons for my pursuit of the 出国读的专业 program.I will graduate from 现读 university.I have always abtained straight a grades on all subjects.Besides, I have much practical experience.In a word , I am confident that I qualify for the past.It would be appreciative of you if you could send me relevant information at your earliest convenience.推荐信
Dear…:
It has always been a great pleasure to write to you since I can never fail to get help, inspiration or enlightenment from you.Now I am writing to recommend to you 推荐人 who wants to pursue 推荐人去干什么.推荐人was one of students in ….University.She was one of the most excellent students in our university as can be seen from her straight a grades on all subjects.After graduation she worked in 工作单位 for three years, which considerably added to her practical experience.It is my belief that with her intelligence, diligence and rich experience, miss… has great potential for further development in 学校/单位.Therefore ,I recommend her to you with no reservations.If any further information about her is required, please let me know.Yours sincerely，Li ming
申请信
Dear…:
I am writing to apply for 干什么.My teacher prof, 人 strongly recommended that 去干什么，telling me that it would benefit me in many years to come.I have been….Ever since I was in elementary school.I hope I can grow up into a good … in your team, I will surely become more creative and enthusiastic.If my application could be taken into favorable consideration, I would be most grateful, I am looking forward to your early reply.Yours sincerely，Li ming
请求求助信
Dear …:
I am sorry that I have to ask a favour of you, with the hope that you will be kind to help me.I have been longing to … for a long time because I want to ….Unfortunately I find myself far from the required standard.At this moment, the personal friendship leads me to approach you with the request, whether you can manage to give me some constructive guidance.I promise to be a diligent student, If you agree, I will come to your house once a week at a time most convenient to you.Thank you very much for your kind help on many occasions in the past.Yours sincerely，Li ming
感谢信
Dear …，It is a great pleasure to extend my sincere gratitude to you for your considerate and warm treatment when I was in ….What a good time I had in ….My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond my words, I wish I could repay it someday.Yours sincerely，Li ming
道歉信
Dear …，I must apologize to you for 主旨.It was very kind of you to give me such a good change.But now, much to my regret that I may not be able to continue to do it, because ….If you should find our activities bothersome, please do not hesitate to let us know.It is due to my negligence, for which I can exceedingly sorry.The reason for my decision is that ….Please accept my sincere apology for 主旨once more.I can very sorry for that and really regret that I would miss such an excellent chance of ….Besides, please give my regards to eberyone.Sincerely yours，Li ming
介绍信
Dear …，Please allow me to take this opportunity to introduce 人, from university of 学校.I would be grateful for anything you could do for him to 干什么.人is an extremely enthusiastic and enterprising person.He has various practical experience for more than three years.I am sure that his participation will do a lot of help to your team.人 will be arriving here on … and he will soon go to visit you after arrival.You can introduce the overall development of 单位/组织 to him, and then explore the details of cooperation.My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond my words.Yours sincerely, Li ming
便签（请假条）
Dear…，I am afraid that I won’t be … tonight because … and I plan to ….I had wanted to tell you that in person but you are not back yet.So I have to leave this note for you.Besides I have ….So I won’t be ….Would you do me a favor by …in my … to the teacher? Thanks.Take care of yourself.Yours sincerely，Li ming
英
1、cartoon Nowadays,主旨has become a hot topic of the general public in our society especially for those who are faced with this situation.As is vividly illustrated in the pictures, SCO.The caption reads ,图下的标题翻译.On the contrary, SVO, we are informed that SVO.(this is …)
The cartoon descrikes a very common phenomenon in our society that SVO.The set of drawings above vividly depicts …
Having scrutinized the details of the pictures, we can discuss the implications.Subtly conveyed from it.This simple picture is wake-up call for the whole of then 发表评论：
Taking into account the factors above, we can safely draw a conclusion that SVO.On one hand, SVO.On the other hand, SVO.I believe then the relationship between people will be harmonious and our society will be a better place for us to live in.举例：
After careful thinking and reflection, we come to understand the enlightening picture step by step.It can be given a concrete example, SVO.Another good case in point is that SVO.In my belief, 主旨 is extremely significant to all of us in our society.措施：
Then, how should we solve this problem? There may be of some measures which can be taken immediately.For one thing, we should appeal to the government to make relevant laws and regulations to 限主旨想相关.For another, we should enhance the awareness of people that 主题 is vital to us.Also I believe that we humans can overcome this difficulty, and we will have a brighter future.英2 It is generally believed that 词 is a hot topic which is most talked about.As we can see from the table,第一图主旨 increased decreased sharply from 数字in 时间 to 数字 in 时间（第二图）steeply(slowly/slightly)while
This is something we should give more thought to.趋势：（正负面皆可）
Undoubtedly, the tendency reflected from the table / chart will undergo a continuous increase /decrease in the near future.The time is right for us to take full advantage for ample existing opportunities.We do, in fact, have a long way to go to reach our final goal, but achievring some remains well within the realm of possibility.健康问题（good health）
In order to possess a healthy body, not only need we keep a nutritious diet and adequate sleep, it is crucial for individuals to form the habit of exercising regularly.（如何做）
On the individual level, his exercise improve his health and mood as well.On the social level, the improvement in quality of life contributes vastly to a harmonious society.(意义)产品对消费者的伤害
对国家
On the micro level, consumers are vastly hurt by these products, which might even be life-threatening.On the macro level, if low-quality products continue to spread, they will damage the normal function of healthy market economy.虚假宣传
Their emergence dues to the negative effect of a growing market economy.False advertisement seems to be most convenient to attract clients and increase profit.Private cars(私家车)The majority of people indulge in the convenience brought by cars while forgetting their harmful impact on the atmosphere.To improve and beautify the environment / human exploitation of natural resources has caused destruction that is for beyond our imagination.教育
In my opinions, there needs to be a comprehensive renovation in the educational system in which new educational concepts are introduced.Only by new teaching methods can we cultivate children into talents and elites who will meet the requirements of our society.正直诚实：
好处:
1、enable honest person to succeed in work and life.获得成功
2、to work honestly to attain one’s life goal.实现人生目标
3、to enhance reputation of a country.坚持：（成功）
1、no accomplishment can be achieved in a short time, and success needs efferts.2、Success is founded on the basis of patient pursuit +定语从句 Olympic game 好处：
1、it can be a tremendous momentum pushing the country’s development
2、when equipped with willingness, spurring people to overcome any difficulty and conquer any challenge.献爱心（灾区、世博）好处、意义：
1、contributing money and other necessities to people in need is a goal way to express human love.It reflects the sense of social responsibility.2、It also express a feeling from deep with one’s heart.3、A harmonious society is based on a sound relationship, 文化交流
好处：
1、cultural exchanges can enhance international friendship.2、people can acquire better understanding of each other.3、can also greatly benefit the countries and stimulate their own social development and culture prosperity.繁荣：thrive/boom/flourish/blossom 人口问题 解决问题：
1、the awareness of struggling for one’s life is essential to the young man
2、parents indulge children in consumption with an objective outlook on money 交通事故
Traffic accidents have long been a problem and are becoming a severe problem 原因：
1、many drivers are forced to drive days and nights
2、a lot of people drive after drinking alcohol 城市发展与历史传承
A balanced economic development is not accompanied by sacrifice of history.1、historical sites are the treasure of our country’s glorious past.We must figure out a win-win method to promote sustainable development while retaining our cultural heritage.一、身体健康 锻炼 心理问题 减肥 知识分子 to develop good health 2 to keep regular exercise 3 to make more contributions to the society 4 to make do with bad diet 5 to neglect sports and exercise
二、职业道德及素质类 虚假宣传 假冒伪劣产品 排队 鼓掌 文明言行 文明交通 谦虚 宽容 医患矛盾 药品回扣诚信 豆腐渣 家庭作坊卫生 跳槽与商业机密 the sanitation problem of family workshops 2 the promise of one’s own responsibility is like a method of cheating, and is quit against professional morals(职业道德)3 low-quality products 4 the ignorance of sanitation 5 short of occupational disciplines 6 the false commercial advertising and promotion
三、工作就业前途 高薪
加班 技能 学历 自立自强 创业
To find(searchhunt)the right career;to display talent and capability;to be of real service to fellowmen and the country;to feel guilty in front of parents and family supporters;to encounter discrimination on the basis of sex or height or even birthplace;to despise jobs of lower social status and less income;to avoid the possibility of working in the rural areas
四、环境保护 动植物保护 保护森林 水污染 汽车尾气 沙尘暴 温室效应 节约资源 垃圾污染
The exhaustion of resources;pollutions from industrial production transform many clean rivers into undrinkable water.The convenience brought by cars, their harmful impact on the atmosphere.garbage output, such as plastics and glass.deforestation global warming, current greenhouse effect remains out of control human exploitation of natural resources
五、教育 上网成瘾 上网交友 青少年犯罪 个人隐私 出国留学 知识学术欺诈 望子成龙 拔苗助长 应试教育素质教育 考试作弊 相互攀比 名牌 浪费 课业负担 恋爱 兼职 占座 8090后 富二代 校园旅游 教育平等 独生子女 农民工子女 创新 迷信 溺爱 spoiled To concentrate limited resources on creative talents, or elite;
Enable students to possess better job skill;1 prepare students for future employment;2 to enhance the quality of population;to promote scientific and technological level;3 to prepare one for a better and more meaningful life rather than a job;one-child policy
migrant workers（农民工）;impartial education opportunities overwhelming homework;quality education(素质教育)a comprehensive renovation
六、人生价值 创新 勇气 奋斗 勤俭 高瞻远瞩 奉献 浪费 社会公德 幸福观 勇敢 得与失 正直诚实 持之以恒 拼搏的奥运精神 读书 To be fair and upright;honest person;economical and simple life;to learn to be frugal;success derives from persistence Olympic motto read more books
七、情感 友谊 团队合作 teamwork and cooperation 帮助 selflessly offering help 让座 邻里关系 捐款献爱心
show love;provide assistance to others.Contributing money and other necessities to people who are in great need Eager to donate money to charity
八、交流文化 中西方文化 民族文化 老外过春节 老外学书法 学英语 城市发展与历史传承
a balanced economic development is not necessarily accompanied by the sacrifice of history.Participating in the annual celebration of the Chinese spring festival Practicing Chinese calligraphy(书法)Cultural exchanges;acquire better understanding of each other.The traditional Chinese culture.Pass down culture habit and treasure;absorb and assimilate traditional culture;reserve and spread brilliant diverse culture;be under the threat of extinction;be in great danger
九、人口增长 人口质量 小学生肥胖 养老与老龄化 性别比例
population aging;outdated and abandoned;to improve the living condition of the aging population;to respect and appreciate the aged;to provide safety and happiness the number of males outweighs that of females the population growth is almost out of control, the humans to live is increasingly circumscribed.十、家庭关系 养老 啃老
Young people are used to relying financially on their families
十一、社会热点 黄天和谐社会 学术腐败 可持续发展 抗争救灾众志成城 交通旅游 国际化 堵车 宠物 农业 酒后/疲劳驾车 黄金周旅游 traffic jams(堵车)the successful launch of the shenzhou-6 spaceship, our national strength and scientific competency.Traffic accidents;drive days and night with little rest;drive after drinking alcohol To keep domestic animals;to make family life more colorful and rich;to develop sense of responsibility and caring;to make people feel closer to the natural world;to spread disease and pollute living environment;to waste time and money;to scare and hurt people, kid and the aged alike
十二、法律 合法致富 经济发展 科技发展 网络 电子交通 传媒 动车
Get rich by legal means;be entitled to wealth and prosperity;stimulate people into hard working;reduce the gap;help the poor with better opportunities;make big money illegally;make this society insecure
网络好处：share individual viewpoints and insights;enable better and more efficient interpersonal communication;enjoy equal right t personal opinion;坏处：reveal and spread rumors;occupy and waste net space;follow trend and fashion;(help distinguish between right and wrong;offer proper guidance;check and restrict unhealthy content;create a clean and safe environment;mislead children by indecent content;indulge n violent act and aggressive behavior)
第四篇：启航黄涛点评2013年考研英语大小作文
2013年考研英语(一)大小作文审题和参考范文
启航名师 黄涛
2013年1月5日下午的考研英语科目已经结束几个小时，接下来各位考生还有重要的专业课考试。今年英语(一)的大作文继续延续了14年的图画作文出题模式：看图说画。今年的图画挺有意思，大致内容是这样的：一群毕业生站在一条道路的分岔口，前面写着求职、考研、出国和创业四条出路，可以看出大学生毕业时面临着人生的多种选择道路，而且关键一点就是，命题老师怕有些考生看不懂主题，还挺有人性关怀地在图画下面写了两个汉字：选择，因此突出说明这次作文主题就是选择自己合适的道路。
考研英语大作文在历史上多次围绕大学生做文章，比如，2004年的“终点又是新的起点”，2006年大学生的“盲目崇拜明星”，2009年人们普遍关心的网络的利与弊问题，这些都是和大学生密切相关的大话题。今年的大作文和黄涛在最后冲刺作文课资料V-39页上的话题背诵篇中的第三个话题是完全一致的，再一次创造了黄涛押中大作文的奇迹！
一．大作文审题与范文
今年的大作文审题，可以运用我在课堂上多次讲到的积极和消极两个方面来写都行。从积极方面来思考，就是大学毕业生面临毕业时的多种选择道路，因此应该积极思考选择适合自己的道路，并努力创造自己的美好未来。也可以从消极方面来写，可以论及有些大学生在毕业时茫然不知所向，不知道该往何处走，因此迷失方向，还可以从积极和消极两方面来写都行。但有些考生审出就业压力大或其它的主题就是跑题了，因此得分会很低。
确定主题之后，按照我冲刺班讲授的方法，从思考主题词写法，注意词性变换choice和choose，以及主题词同义替换等方法来按照黄涛给出的模板来开始写作。在写大作文时，第一段需要简短描述图画的内容。比如：毕业生graduates, 求职job-seeking或seeking a job，出国going abroad，其中创业和考研是一个翻译表达的难点，实力不强的考生可以考虑不写出来，实力强的考生可以把这当作是展示自己实力的机会，这也是获取阅卷老师给高分的亮点所在。
第二段需要阐释图画寓意，其实就是联系实际来展开论述。可以提到当今大学生扩招导致大学生人数增多，因此在毕业时面临着多种选择，可以结合实际来分析原因说毕业生就业压力大，等等，因此毕业生要根据自己的实际情况来选择合适的人生道路，并阐述其重要性，总而言之，要说的东西有很多，关键是要表达正确和用词高级。
最后一段可以结合自己的心得体会谈谈看法，并给出适当的理由。
【作文思路】
按照我们课堂上的写作方法，可以这样来展开描述和议论。第一段为传统的图画描述段，根据图画中的具体信息，尤其是下面的文字说明，进行直接描述。1
比如可以选用我们冲刺课堂上传授的精彩句型1，“ Whoever standing in front of this miniature will be overwhelmingly impressed.2，How thought-provoking it seems to be!或3，What is vividly illustrated in the painting above is that ….(对漫画笼统地描述)。然后再补上后面的文字解释说明：“The caption（图画中的文字）make choices/alternatives, choose/opt to do sth 分的关键词。
第二段要求展开阐释漫画背后所预示的主题，并加以具体论证说明。在这一段首句可以直接采用” It is, most likely, that the drawer intends not only to think about its real connotation but also to display a serious situation to us.在句型运用方面，可以考虑使用启航课堂上反复提到的必杀词组“As is universally acknowledged，和What makes things even better/worse等。
第三段可以结合自己的实际来阐述自己未来人生的选择，是出国还是考研，并给出自己的理由。
Sample Writing
As is apparently drawn in this miniature, in the middle stand many graduates, confronting a few choices such as seeking jobs, receiving further education, going abroad and so on.The Chinese caption above informs us readers of the conspicuous message that various folks will make different choices upon their graduation.（参见黄涛冲刺班作文讲义第7页作文经典句型）How impressive this drawing seems to be in depicting one of the most prevalent themes that college graduates are confronting various alternatives before graduation.After careful reflection and mediation, we examinees come to understand the enlightening drawing.I contend that this thought-provoking image conveys one profound layer of implication concerning choices.(参见黄涛冲刺班讲义精彩段落第15页内容)It is universally acknowledged that college graduation no longer ends and we should make different choices according to our varying situation.(参见黄涛冲刺班讲义高分句型必备部分)
From what have been discussed above, it admits of no doubt that in doing things whether great or small there are more or less difficulties, it is much better for one to choose a job that can be done within his capability.It is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to make it work.On the one hand, we should be sensible to find what we are skillful at and make a plan about the future.On the other hand, it is demanding for us to change to another job if it does not fit us.(参见黄涛冲刺班讲义V-40页)
In my personal sense, the message applies to our young graduates especially.In such a rat-race society, everyone is bound to make a choice at this critical life stage.In this sense, I should make a rational choice after graduation.Just as the Nobel Prize winner Mo Yan puts it, it is our choice that has changed everything in our life.（参见黄涛作文冲刺班讲义第12页作文九大高分句式之引用名人名言）
更多经典高分句型可以参考长达43页的黄涛作文冲刺资料，这是历年来广大考生最后作文冲刺用的葵花宝典，在考场上广大黄桃们可以按照自己喜欢背诵的高级句子来造就自己的高分作文。
二．小作文审题和范文
不出所料，今年的小作文也属于黄涛作文冲刺课上提供的小作文模板之一，从05年到07年，小作文已经测试过辞职信（道歉信）、请求信和建议信的写法，08年重考了偏向于与私人交流的道歉信，09年小作文接着又重考了考生对建议信的写作，2010年测试了告示的写作，2011年道歉信，2012年的欢迎信，而今年2013年的小作文还是照搬近几年一贯的出题方式----书信写作。
2013年的小作文要求给考生写一封邮件，邀请自己所在学校的一位外教来担任即将举行的演讲比赛的评委。这些内容在试题的英语提示里写得很清楚，实力不够的考生可以照抄这些单词，实力强的考生应该按照我讲到的方法：同义替换来写出高质量的作文。
小作文的难点在于需要自己想出一些细节性的东西来，这是广大考生靠背诵模板做不到的地方，也是综合检验考生的实力所在，这也给考生充分的自由空间，具体内容要求考生自由发挥的余地较大，结合这次的小作文主题，考生可以思考出，比如比赛的地点和时间，参赛的选手，以及要求外教做精彩点评等，写到这些内容需要考生一个扎实的语言基本功，否则只能是望“卷”兴叹，写不出任何东西，这是避免小作文模板化的倾向，下面是黄涛提供的一个参考范文。Directions:
Write an e-mail of about 100 words to a foreign teacher in your college, inviting him or her to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest.You should include the details you think necessary.You should write neatly on your ANSWER Sheet.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e-mail.Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address.(10 points)
小作文参考范文----参见黄涛冲刺班作文讲义V—26页的邀请信模板
Dear my teacher,I am writing this letter for the purpose of inviting you to attend our speech contest on behalf of the Students’ Union.In particular, I feel it a great honor to invite you to be a judge for the approaching competition.There will be other three Chinese judges.However, we are greatly eager to need a native speaker to be one of the judges.To our great joy, we learn that you have been judges for several times on different occasions.To be more exact, you are more experienced or eloquent in speaking than other foreign teachers.After the speech contest, you are required to make a brief comment on the contestants’ performance.The competition will held at 7:00 in the evening on January 18th in our college auditorium.All the students as well as participants are looking forward to seeing you turn up at the contest.We would be highly honored by your distinguished presence.Please inform me of your decision as soon as possible.Yours sincerely,Li Ming
启航教育 黄涛
第五篇：2012 年考研英语大小作文预测
2012 年考研英语大小作文预测
新东方考研英语名师 朱伟
2012 年考研英语入学考试迫在眉睫，很多同学虽也投入在如火如荼的复习进程中，但总有些许瞎 忙摸不着头脑的感觉！尤其对于占总分值 30%的作文来说，很多同学更是无从下手，而只能拙劣的选择 背诵一些模板，最后到考试时也只能东拉西扯，草草了事，那么最终的得分惨不忍睹也就可想而知了。究其原因，实质还是对于历年考研英语写作真题规律研究不透彻所致。本文力图帮助 2012 年即将考研 的学员在最短的时间内找到方向，拟从以下两方面入手拨开笼罩考研作文之层层迷雾。
一、12 年小作文写作前瞻
纵观往年考研小作文（应用文）命题，个人认为规律性非常明显。大纲规定的应用文类型，也就 那么几种，几乎是一年考一种。我们来看看真题：2004 年大纲第一次增加小作文，所考的第一篇作文 来自于 2005 年 1 月的辞职信。当年这篇作文令很多业界所谓的预测大师们感到非常意外，因为按照常 理，大学生写的第一封职业类邮件应该是求职信，考研学子大多数都是应届生，还没学会写求职信就 先写辞职信，总感觉不大厚道。结果，不厚道的事情就是发生了，随之而来的就是网上所罗列的大量 预测模板彻底失效，甚至当年有人叫嚣绝对不可能考辞职信；紧接着 2006 年，考了咨询信，如何向希 望工程捐款，此封信考的很常规，只需在考前做过适当准备即可；2007 年，考查的是主动建议信，再 次把考生放在了非常主动的地位上，没人问你意见，你自己跳出来对母校的大学图书馆管理提建议。这封邮件再次使网络上以及很多培训机构的预测失效，因为他们为同学们准备的范文多半是类似于你 有一个同学，要去美国读书，写信问你到底是读历史还是计算机。实质上，这属于回复建议信，它的 文章开头多半是 In respond to your question about whether to “ , I would like to present the following recommendations.而主动建议信的开头却截然不同，因为是主动，所以收信人多半会感觉 比较突然，因此需要写信人在开头稍作自我介绍，并不是介绍自己的姓名，而是稍微说明下自己主动 提建议的初衷是为对方好，首先取得对方的理解，这才是一封主动建议信所必须具备的，基于此，开 头往往会设计为，As a warm-hearted and attentiveness-full的人，I have spent a lot of time caring aboutthedevelopmentof so that I write thisletter to displaysome ofmy recommendations with regard to as follows.因此，如果不能准确使用，则后果会很严重，从第一 句话就会暴露你根本没有审题，得分也就可想而知；2008 年考察的非常巧妙，杂交了两种类型的邮件： 道歉加失物归还。出国旅行，把国外朋友借给你听的 CD 机一不小心带回国了。这封邮件再次使很多死 板的失物招领信或寻物启事信模板无用武之地；2009 年，倡议信，倡议大家不要再使用一次性塑料袋，这封信比较常规；到了 2010 年，很多同学都在惊讶于怎么考了一篇招聘通知，难道邮件时代就此终结？ 我认为，实则不然。首先，通知和邮件的格式并无实质差别，考研小作文的注意力从来就不应该是放 在格式上；其次，2009 年上课我反复给大家讲过求职信怎么写，尤其是得分的关键---第二段，你必须 说明自己适合这份工作，因此我给大家设计了三大自证理由，英文（证书）水准，著名企业实习经验，适合团队协作的性格等，而学习主动性稍微强一些的同学只要动点脑筋，就会发现其实只要把这三点反过来，变成招聘要求，这篇通知就会迎刃而解。这就是为什么当年考完试当天就有很多同学自信的 跟我说考得不错的原因，因为他们愿意思考，临门一脚还得靠大家自己！
好了，分析了这么多，也就是为了预测未来。综上所述，小作文考察的特点主要有：第一，希望 把学生放在一个主动的地位上，比如辞职，主动建议等，都把大家放在了主动方，而这恰恰与很多同 学平时训练应用文时喜欢把自己放在被动方的思维相悖，也是大家为什么感觉总押不到题的根源。第 二，考研的考察方向依旧是以邮件为主，换句话说，只要把邮件写好了，即使考别的应用文类型，那 也不怕！因此，经过对 2012 年考研新大纲的考量，今年考研很有可能会考订购信（或出售信，一正一 反，都要会写）、投诉信（或回复投诉信）、邀请信（邀请某学者参加学术会议）以及证明信（比如 你是车祸现场目击证人，请写一封证明信）。
二、12 年考研英语大作文命题方向前瞻
考研英语大作文的命题范围虽每年千奇百变，但基于中国国情的基本事实和命题规律却从来没有 改变过，因此命题的方向把握相对就不是太难的事，具体来说，从宏观角度符合以下两点：
（1）高举和谐社会大旗（Harmonious Society）
从 1998 年考研英语大作文命题至今，考题基本锁定和谐社会的大旗，反复变换切入点，而命题 方式，除了 1999 年的图表题之外，已经基本锁定在图画题，这个规律已经延续 11 年未变，具体来看，1998 年的诚信（credit）话题，1999 年以及 2000 年连续两年的环境话题（nature），2001 年爱心话 题（love），2002 年的世界 文化融合话 题（culture）,2003 年的个 人、企 业独立成长 话题
（self-independence）,2004 年的人生奋斗无止境话题（it ends today but starts tomorrow）,2005 年的抚养老人话题（to respect elders）,2006 年的偶像崇拜话题（idol worship），2007 年的自信 话题（confidence），2008 年的残疾人合作奋斗自强不息话题（never give up）,2009 年的网络对于 人类交流亲疏远近之影响
（interpersonal relationship immersed in Internet era）以及 2010 年 再次重现的中西文化大融合话题和 2011 年重现的环境污染与公民道德素质话题。从这些历年真题中无 不察觉出命题者的良苦用心，即完善人格，关注生活，关心他人，最终实现人与人的和谐，个人自身 的和谐以及人与自然的和谐。一旦把握此命题思路，在平时的训练时就能真正做到有的放矢，例如，一些阴暗的，过于政治化的话题，就不会成为应试范围，而尚未考察过的一些和谐话题，例如社会责
任（responsibility），乐观心态（optimism）亦或平心做人、脚踏实地（to try to grasp your aspiration step by step）等，就应该在平时适当进行练习，这样在走进考场那一刻才能真正实现胸有成足，写 作时的素材才会有信手拈来的感觉。
（2）影射当年热点话题（hot spot）
2008 年 1 月 19 日下午，正值 08 年考研第一天，我的手机从当天的研究生入学英语考试结束之时 起就一直响到当天晚上 21 时许，大多数是来自学员和同事的祝贺以及感谢，说我押中了 08 年的考研 大作文题。其实，对于押题这个字眼，我内心从来都是不太感冒的，因为一个好的考研者，英文复习的重心绝对不应该放在押题中，一个好的师者，也不应给学员传达押题这样的信息，而是应该帮助学 员实实在在找到方向，真正提高写作水平。但终归押到了，虽有些许惊诧，但也很欣慰的发现，自己 一直以来对于考研命题的思路探析没有出错，起码与命题组的专家们算是有些契合了！其实用心观察 的人都会发现，近些年尤其是近5 年来考研的命题，除了把握和谐社会这个大方向不变之外，影射当 年热点就是另一个最直接有效切中命题的捷径。让我们来看看吧，2003 年 1 月考研，正值中国加入 WTO 第一年，实为 2002 年经济界的一个热点话题，因此图画选择了”温室里的花朵经不起风雨“，影射 中国企业成长继而引申到个人成长都需要自主独立；2005 年 1 月考研，”养老足球赛“，大家查阅 2004 年全年 BBC 评选的中国大事记，把当年命名为中国的”司法聚焦年“，因此赡养父母这个小的切入点影射的实为中国当年的人际全局面貌；2006 年 1 月考研，”偶像崇拜话题“，更是明显不过，2005 年全 年的超级女声几乎撼动了整个中国娱乐界；2007 年 1 月的”自信话题“，漫画中一个守门员，一个射 手，正在面临点球大战前的心理波动，回应的的正是 2006 年沸腾全球的德国世界杯；再到 2008 年 1 月，充分显示了命题者的智慧，中国正式进入奥运年，奥运所体现的一切精神就是永不放弃，自强不 息，但如果直接选择一幅漫画就是关于奥运，又太过明显，因此，我当时在 2007 年 5 月 17 号的一次 考研讲座现场就第一次提出了了 08 年考研的展望，即奥运这个热点过于强大，所以不可能避开，那怎 么隐藏？？所以只能选择打”擦边球“，通过残奥，影射残疾人不屈不挠奋斗之话题，因为每一个观看 过哪怕任何一场残疾人运动会的人都会为这个特殊群体的精神所震撼，果不其然，最终的结果如我所 料！因此，我们可以大胆的推测，即将到来的 12 年考研，这个大规律依旧有很大的可能得到延续。
三、12 年考研英语预测
以下六大话题搜集，是在充分研究 2011 年全年大事记的前提下，严格遵守以上两大命题思路所 作出的预测，具体的范文会陆续在我的元旦押题班中发布，请大家引起足够重视！
1.漫画”瞎子摸到了真象“---影射国际对于中国认识的前后变化。
2.漫画”相互推卸责任“---影射食品安全事件中的社会责任感和道德感缺失。
3.漫画”股市大跌“---影射投机心态不可有，脚踏实地才是出路。
4.漫画”地震中用自己身躯保护学生的好老师“---影射灾难事件中人性的光辉。关于灾 难，此命题切入点还有可能为保持乐观心态。
5.漫画”把我整成**明星的样子“---影射整容现象以及山寨现象
6.漫画”最大的成功是给别人带来幸福"---可以考慈善，也可以考成功的标准是什么，还可以考 什么是幸福感。最后，衷心祝愿所有参加 2012 年的考研的学子都能经过自己的努力获得成功，其实，准备考研 的过程所懂得的诸多宝贵品质，本身就是一笔巨大的财富。
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