总统演讲分析--里根第二次就职演讲分析

第一篇：总统演讲分析--里根第二次就职演讲分析

美国总统里根第二次就职演讲分析

Shawn Cheng

摘 要：本文为美国总统里根的第二次就职演说，因为其属于总统演讲，所以有其特定的语篇模式，这是由西方的修辞思维与表达模式决定的。完美的英语演讲不仅要求演讲者英语流、而且要求演讲语篇布局合理，突出西方的修辞思维与表达模式的特点。为了有效地用英语进行演讲，我们必须保证开头段落的新颖与独特吸引力，结尾段落做到呼应和强调，主体要点形成合理的布局，段落语句之间衔接自然流畅。本文试图从语篇模式以及一些系统功能的角度对美国总统里根第二次就职演说进行分析，以揭示演讲文体的意义以及其语篇、语言的体现。

关键词：总统演讲；合理布局；语篇模式；

引言

随着英语国际地位的提高与其影响力的与日俱增，英语演讲也逐渐进入到社会生活的方方面面。其作为一种独特的语体，在世界各地经久不衰，表现了顽强的生命力。演讲作为一门艺术，一种交际,一种传播和教育手段在当今社会仍发挥着巨大的作用。但国人用英语演讲时往往受中国固定思维模式的影响，虽然英语讲得漂亮很流利，语句也很通顺，但所表达的意思往往不被西方人认同和接受。其中一个原因就是国人在用英语表达和演讲时没有遵循英语演讲语篇的模式，而是毫无逻辑地用中式思维模式表达自己的观点。

一、英语演讲语篇的基本模式及其概念

英语演讲的语篇构成有三大部分 ：Introduction，Body，Conclusion。Introduction 的功能为吸引听众、引起关注、建立演讲者的信誉、简述演讲主体中的要点。Body，即演讲的主体部分。演讲者可以根据演讲的主题按不同的模式组织布局。如可以根据时间、空间顺序可以遵循因果顺序、问题和方式顺序；亦可以将演讲主题细分为几个分点进行阐述。演讲 的主体部分将在第二部分详述。同时，演讲的结尾部分也应当是演讲的高潮部分，演讲者需要总结演讲的主旨和意图，并以一种使听众产生共鸣的方式来升华主题，并与 introduction相呼应，给听众一种心理上的统一感。本文所研究的就职演说的结尾，美国总统里根就具体化了美国之声，展现给听众的形象就是它充满希望，宽宏大量，富于理想；它勇敢无畏，正派庄重，公平持正。而且这一切都是上帝的恩赐、梦想与召唤，呼吁所有热爱和平自由的美国公民把这一梦想传给一个期待已久并且满怀希望的世界等，将演讲推向高潮。

二、语篇的内容与意图

在Lucas的演讲与艺术中(2004 :113)，英语演讲根据演讲的目的可分为三类：介绍性的演讲(informative)、劝说性或劝诱性的演讲(persuasive)、仪式性的演讲(ceremonial)。介绍性的演讲一般是客观地对某一事件、过程、概念或物体进行介绍。仪式性的演讲则见于各种社交、外事场合，或介绍嘉宾、或颁奖致谢等。劝说性的演讲较广泛地应用于各种场合。劝说的目的要求演讲者遵循一定的思维模式。劝说性的演讲根据劝说的内容又可分为三类：事实性问题，价值性问题，政策性问题的劝说。从时间上考虑，就事实性问题的劝说演讲是对已发生的现象予以事实的认定或否定；价值性问题的劝说则是对现状的评论；而政策性劝说演讲则是对未来政策、方针、措施、计划等的取舍讨论。

在里根的就职演说中，三种演讲类型有机且紧密地结合在了一起。首先是介绍性的语言，里根总统客观地陈述了很多事件：第一任总统乔治·华盛顿把手放在《圣经》上庄严地宣誓；美国与俄罗斯的关于核威胁的协议；近几年税收过多和通货膨胀，以及失业现象的增多等等。然后是仪式性的语言，这个最为明显，因为总统就职演讲本身就属于一种政治上的仪式。最后一种形式即本文中的劝说性的语言，因为其分为事实性问题，价值性问题，政策性问题，故将他们逐一分析。事实性问题：里根决定向国会递交一份冻结明年政府项目开支的预算方案。并采取进一步的措施，以便永久控制政府在税收和开支方面的权力，达到减少国债和增强社会救济事务效果的目的；价值性问题：里根在其就职演讲中曾多次提及苏联问题，核武器问题。这是一种现状，同时也是对未来的一种预测与估计，里根对此的回应是政府正在积极采取措施应对，研发安全防卫措施，并寄予希望在两国的和平建交与谈判上；政策性问题：里根总统在本次演说中，提出了很多相关政策，方针，措施，计划等，除了之前提到的与苏联的和平协议，控制政府的税收和开支权利，还有国家民主权力的维护，部分地区经济障碍的解决，减少国债和解放生产力提倡创业等等。里根总统所举的都是当时美国民众所关心的问题，每一个问题他都一一提出了自己的计划和目标，使听众们信服。

三、语篇的连结

在演讲中除了有恰当的谋篇布局之外，各段落和语句之间也必须有自然的衔接。英语的语篇注重形合手段的使用，在演讲中尤其要选择使用恰当的、有效的衔接手段。Lucas在其所著的 “The Art of public Speaking”一书中，归纳总结了常用的关连词语，主要有四类。(1)Transition承上启下的词语

例如 ：But in another sense, our new beginning is a continuation of that beginning created two centuries ago when, for the first time in history, government, the people said, was not our master, it is our servant;its only power that which we the people allow it to have.本句中第一个短语即起到了承上启下的作用。

I will shortly submit a budget to the Congress aimed at freezing government program spending for the next year.Beyond that, we must take further steps to permanently control Government's power to tax and spend.We must act now to protect future generations from Government's desire to spend its citizens' money and tax them into servitude when the bills come due.这段中的”Beyond that”起到了补充说明的作用。

(2)Internal preview段内预示要点。

演讲者在Introduction里或其他段落中的结尾部分以句子的形式向听众陈述下文将要讨论的要点。

At the heart of our efforts is one idea vindicated by 25 straight months of economic growth: Freedom and incentives unleash the drive and entrepreneurial genius that is the core of human progress.We have begun to increase the rewards for work, savings, and investment;reduce the increase in the cost and size of government and its interference in people's lives.该段的最后一局所总结的，正是下文将要讨论的政府税收和人民处于通货膨胀下的生活等问题。

(3)Internal Summary段内总结

段内总结常用于复杂的重点论述之后。例如，We have made progress in restoring our defense capability.But much remains to be done.There must be no wavering by us, nor any doubts by others, that America will meet her responsibilities to remain free, secure, and at peace.(4)Sing—post 路标型词语。

包括序数词，first，second和next等，也包括起承上启下作用的问句。此外，英语语篇中还有一种常用的承上启下的模式“Summary+ introduction”。

例如Let us resolve that we the people will build an American opportunity society in which all of us—white and black, rich and poor, young and old—will go forward together arm in arm.Again, let us remember that though our heritage is one of blood lines from every corner of the Earth, we are all Americans pledged to carry on this last, best hope of man on Earth.这一段中，作者先提出了建设一个充满机会的美国社会的向往，然后在逐一论述了每一个步骤。

It is the American sound.It is hopeful, big-hearted, idealistic, daring, decent, and fair.That's our heritage;that is our song.We sing it still.For all our problems, our differences, we are together as of old, as we raise our voices to the God who is the Author of this most tender music.And may He continue to hold us close as we fill the world with our sound—sound in unity, affection, and love—one people under God, dedicated to the dream of freedom that He has placed in the human heart, called upon now to pass that dream on to a waiting and hopeful world.这一段为就职演说的最后也是最精彩的一段，作者形象化了美国之声，展现给听众的形象就是它充满希望，宽宏大量，富于理想；它勇敢无畏，正派庄重，公平持正。接着演讲者有说这既是美国人的遗产，也是美国人的歌，并鼓励大家团结一致，互相友爱，让整个世界都能听到美国之音

四、言语的使用

本文在言语上使用了很多手法。言语功能是由语气系统体现的.根据Eggins(1994 :153)的观点,语气系统中,用于体现陈述的是陈述语气,体现命令的是祈使语气,体现提问的是疑问语气,而提供则由含有意态成分的疑问语气体现.根据以上言语功能理论,可以来分析“讲话”的言语功能及其人际意义.“讲话”涉及两种言语功能,即陈述功能(给予信息)和命令功能(求取服务).一方面,演讲者向听众提供某种信息,表明自己的态度和主张;另一方面,要求和呼吁听众采取行动,按照演讲者的意图去做事.里根通过这次演讲,向美国民众传递了很多信息，诸如美国与苏联的和平协议，控制政府的税收和开支权利，还有国家民主权力的维护，部分地区经济障碍的解决，减少国债和解放生产力提倡创业等等。随即也声明了其态度：政府正在积极采取措施应对，研发安全防卫措施，并寄予希望在两国的和平建交与谈判上。同时呼吁所有的民众，一起维护自己的权利，建设美好的家园，让美国之声传遍世界的每个角落。除此之外,我们同时也发现了本就职演说大量使用了以“名物化”形式出现的语法隐喻。例如：

revolutio（revolute）hesitation(hesitate)representation（representative）expansion(expand)reduction（reduce）encouragement(encourage)presence（present）elimination(eliminate)oppression（oppress）declaration(declare)determination(determinate)limitation（limit）negotiation（negotiate）interference(interfer)通过名物化,一致式中,在小句里发挥功能的由动词表达的过程或者由形容词表达的属性,在隐喻式中转化成由名词表达,这时名词作为事件在词组中发挥功能.Haliday(1994/ 2000 : 352)在分析科学语篇的名物化时发现,名物化降低了原有的阶、级,却便于语篇的展开.名物化还具有囊括和浓缩的功能.它可以使意思在语篇中的表达符合正式文体关于客观、严密、紧凑、合理、简练等行文的要求.同时，名物化也是政治性演讲体中的一个重要特征。

另外，通过用软件ANTCONC的分析，我们得到了更具体的数据。如下2图

根据这两个表格，可以看出，本文一共有2583个字，字符类型为921个。排名第6,7的“our”“we”可以看出，演讲者的语言对听众的号召呼吁较多，他的演讲稿很有鼓动性。其中排名29,30位的“I”“MUST”可以看出，这里利用第一人称语句较多，可以看出这篇演讲的个人风格很强硬，语势很坚决。排名第18,19的“people”“world”可以看出，演讲者很注重人民和世界的关系，具有大局观。排名28“freedom”也是本文的关键词之一，从这可以看出美国的立国之本以及他们对于自由的渴望和追求的思想形态意识。

五、结论

通过以上对语篇、语段、语句的分析可以看出，总统演讲比日常英语会话、交际广告用语等更加正式、严肃和庄重。从语言结构和成份上看，句式上也更加复杂多变，语言上有更多的内涵和深意。演讲者通过运用各种语言形式和手段使演讲更加生动，并使演讲文体的意义以及其语篇、语言的特点得到完全的体现。

参考文献：

[1] Eggins, s.An introduction to functional systemic linguistics [M] London : Printer Publishers , 1994.[2] Halliday , M.A.K.An introduction to Functional Grammar[M].London : Edward Arnold / Beijing : Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press , 1994/ 2000.[3] Stephen E，Lucas．The Art of Public Speaking(5th)[M]．Hill Compan ies Higher Education，2004．

[4] Halliday , M.A.K., and Hasan , R.Language , Context and Text : Aspects of Language in a Social2semiotic Perspective [M].Geelong , Vic : Deakin University Press/ Oxford : Oxford University Press , 1985/ 1989.[5]刘亚猛．追求象征的力量——关于西方修辞思想的思考[M]．北京：生活·读书-新知三联书店，2004．

[6]扬霞华．英文写作与修辞[M]．合肥：安徽教育出版社，1992．

[7]胡曙中．英语语篇语言学研究[M]．上海：上海外语教育出版社，2005．

第二篇：里根总统演讲中英文

里根总统就职演讲稿完整中文翻译版

里根总统是个非常擅长演讲的人，他的演讲从头至尾一气呵成.他不看讲稿，完全是即席演讲。他的语速和声音的节奏控制得非常好，听他的演讲本身就是在欣赏一场伟大的演出。

Senator Hatfield, Mr.Chief Justice, Mr.President, Vice President Bush, Vice President Mondale, Senator Baker, Speaker O'Neill, Reverend Moomaw, and my fellow citizens: To a few of us here today, this is a solemn and most momentous occasion;and yet, in the history of our Nation, it is a commonplace occurrence.The orderly transfer of authority as called for in the Constitution routinely takes place as it has for almost two centuries and few of us stop to think how unique we really are.In the eyes of many in the world, this every-4-year ceremony we accept as normal is nothing less than a miracle.尊敬的海特菲尔德议员、法官先生、总统先生、副总统布什、蒙代尔、贝克议员、发言人奥尼尔、摩麦以及广大支持我的美国同胞们：今天对于我们中间的一些人来说，是一个非常庄严隆重的时刻。对于这个国家的历史却是一件普通的事情。按照宪法要求，政府权利正在有序地移交，我们已经如此“例行公事”了两个世纪，很少有人觉得这有什么特别。但在世界上更多人看来，我们这个已经习以为常的四年一次的仪式却是一个奇迹。

Mr.President, I want our fellow citizens to know how much you did to carry on this tradition.By your gracious cooperation in the transition process, you have shown a watching world that we are a united people pledged to maintaining a political system which guarantees individual liberty to a greater degree than any other, and I thank you and your people for all your help in maintaining the continuity which is the bulwark of our Republic.总统先生，我希望我们的同胞们都能知道你为了这个传承而付出的努力。通过移交程序中的通力合作，展示了这样一个事实：我们是一个团结一致的民族，这个民族决心捍卫一种比任何其他体制更能充分保证个人民主自由的政治制度。我要感谢你和你的伙伴们的帮助，因为你们坚持了这样的传承，这种传承的连续性恰是我们共和国的支柱。

The business of our nation goes forward.These United States are confronted with an economic affliction of great proportions.We suffer from the longest and one of the worst sustained inflations in our national history.It distorts our economic decisions, penalizes thrift, and crushes the struggling young and the fixed-income elderly alike.It threatens to shatter the lives of millions of our people.我们国家的事业在继续前进。合众国正面临巨大的经济困难。我们遭遇到我国历史上历时最长、最严重之一的通货膨胀，它扰乱着我们的经济决策，使储蓄的人反而受到惩罚，压迫着正在挣扎谋生的青年人和收入固定的中年人，威胁着要摧毁我国千百万人民的生计。

Idle industries have cast workers into unemployment, causing human misery and personal indignity.Those who do work are denied a fair return for their labor by a tax system which penalizes successful achievement and keeps us from maintaining full productivity.停滞的工业使工人失业、蒙受痛苦并失去了个人尊严。即使那些有工作的人，也因沉重的税负而得不到公正的劳动报酬，因为这种税收制度使我们无法在事业上取得成就，使我们无法保持充分的生产力。

But great as our tax burden is, it has not kept pace with public spending.For decades, we have piled deficit upon deficit, mortgaging our future and our children's future for the temporary convenience of the present.To continue this long trend is to guarantee tremendous social, cultural, political, and economic upheavals.尽管我们的纳税负担相当沉重，但还是跟不上公共开支的增长。数十年来，我们的赤字额屡屡上升，我们为图目前暂时的方便，已把自己和子孙的前途都抵押出去。这一趋势如果长此以往，必然引起社会、文化、政治和经济等方面的大动荡。

You and I, as individuals, can, by borrowing, live beyond our means, but for only a limited period of time.Why, then, should we think that collectively, as a nation, we are not bound by that same limitation? We must act today in order to preserve tomorrow.And let there be no misunderstanding——we are going to begin to act, beginning today.作为个人，你们和我可以靠借贷过一种入不敷出的生活，然而只能维持一段有限的时期，我们怎么可以认为，作为一个国家整体，我们就不应受到同样的约束呢？为了明天，我们今天就必须行动起来。大家都要明白无误地懂得--我们从今天起就要采取行动。

The economic ills we suffer have come upon us over several decades.They will not go away in days, weeks, or months, but they will go away.They will go away because we, as Americans, have the capacity now, as we have had in the past, to do whatever needs to be done to preserve this last and greatest bastion of freedom.我们深受其害的经济弊病，几十年来一直袭击着我们。这些弊病不会在几天、几星期或几个月内消失，但它们终将消失。它们之所以终将消失，是因为我们作为现在的美国人，一如既往地有能力去完成需要完成的事情，以保存这个最后而又最伟大的自由堡垒。

In this present crisis, government is not the solution to our problem.在当前这场危机中，政府的管理不能解决我们面临的问题。政府的管理就是问题所在。

From time to time, we have been tempted to believe that society has become too complex to be managed by self-rule, that government by an elite group is superior to government for, by, and of the people.But if no one among us is capable of governing himself, then who among us has the capacity to govern someone else? All of us together, in and out of government, must bear the burden.The solutions we seek must be equitable, with no one group singled out to pay a higher price.我们时常误以为，社会已经越来越复杂，已经不可能凭借自治方式加以管理，而一个由杰出人物组成的政府要比民享、民治、民有的政府高明。可是，假如我们之中谁也管理不了自己，那么，我们之中谁还能去管理他人呢。我们大家--不论政府官员还是平民百姓--必须共同肩负起这个责任，我们谋求的解决办法必须是公平的，不要使任何一个群体付出较高的代价。

We hear much of special interest groups.Our concern must be for a special interest group that has been too long neglected.It knows no sectional boundaries or ethnic and racial divisions, and it crosses political party lines.It is made up of men and women who raise our food, patrol our streets, man our mines and our factories, teach our children, keep our homes, and heal us when we are sick——professionals, industrialists, shopkeepers, clerks, cabbies, and truckdrivers.They are, in short, “We the people,” this breed called Americans.我们听到许多关于特殊利益集团的谈论，然而。我们必须关心一个被忽视了大久的特殊利益集团。这个集团没有区域之分，没有人种之分，没有民族之分，没有政党之分，这个集团由许许多多的男人与女人组成，他们生产粮食，巡逻街头，管理厂矿，教育儿童，照料家务和治疗疾病。他们是专业人员、实业家、店主、职员、出租汽车司机和货车驾驶员，总而言之，他们就是“我们的人民”—就是美国人民。

Well, this administration's objective will be a healthy, vigorous, growing economy that provides equal opportunity for all Americans, with no barriers born of bigotry or discrimination.Putting America back to work means putting all Americans back to work.Ending inflation means freeing all Americans from the terror of runaway living costs.All must share in the productive work of this “new beginning” and all must share in the bounty of a revived economy.With the idealism and fair play which are the core of our system and our strength, we can have a strong and prosperous America at peace with itself and the world.本届政府的目标是必须建立一种健全的、生气勃勃的和日益发展的经济，为全体美国人民提供一种不因偏执或歧视而造成障碍的均等机会。使美国复兴，意味着使全体美国人都有工作；制止通货膨胀，意味着使全体美国人免除对势如脱缰之马的生活费用的恐惧。人人都应分担“新开端”的富有成效的工作，人人都应分享经济复苏的硕果。我们力量的核心是理想主义和公正对待的精神，有了这些，我们就能建立一个强大繁荣的美国，在国内和全世界都相安无事。

So, as we begin, let us take inventory.We are a nation that has a government——not the other way around.And this makes us special among the nations of the Earth.Our Government has no power except that granted it by the people.It is time to check and reverse the growth of government which shows signs of having grown beyond the consent of the governed.在我们向复兴美国开始迈步之际，先让我们看看我们的实际情况。我们是一个拥有政府的国家--而不是一个拥有国家的政府。这一点使我们在世界合国中独树一帜，我们的政府除了人民授予的权力，没有任何别的权力。现在是制止并扭转政府机构和权力膨胀的时候了，因为种种迹象表明，这种膨胀已超过人民的意愿。

It is my intention to curb the size and influence of the Federal establishment and to demand recognition of the distinction between the powers granted to the Federal Government and those reserved to the States or to the people.All of us need to be reminded that the Federal Government did not create the States;the States created the Federal Government.我想要做的是限制联邦政府的规模和权力，并要求大家承认联邦政府被授予的权力同各州或人民保留的权利这两者之间的区别。必须提醒我们大家注意：不是联邦政府创立了各州，而是各州创立了联邦政府。

Now, so there will be no misunderstanding, it is not my intention to do away with government.It is, rather, to make it work-work with us, not over us;to stand by our side, not ride on our back.Government can and must provide opportunity, not smother it;foster productivity, not stifle it.因此，请不要误解，我不是要取消政府，而是要它发挥作用--同我们一起合作，而不是凌驾于我们之上；同我们并肩而立，而不是骑在我们的身上。政府能够而且必须提供而不是扼杀机会，能够而且必须促进而不是抑制生产力。

If we look to the answer as to why, for so many years, we achieved so much, prospered as no other people on Earth, it was because here, in this land, we unleashed the energy and individual genius of man to a greater extent than has ever been done before.Freedom and the dignity of the individual have been more available and assured here than in any other place on Earth.The price for this freedom at times has been high, but we have never been unwilling to pay that price.多年来我们能取得巨大成就，获得世界上任何一个民族未曾获得的繁荣昌盛的原因是在这片土地上我们比以往任何时候都最大程度地发挥人的潜能和个人的天才；这里比任何其他任何地方更容易得到、更可以保证个人的自由和尊严。得到这种自由所付出的代价有时相当昂贵，但我们从没不愿意付出这种代价。

It is no coincidence that our present troubles parallel and are proportionate to the intervention and intrusion in our lives that result from unnecessary and excessive growth of government.It is time for us to realize that we are too great a nation to limit ourselves to small dreams.We are not, as some would have us believe, loomed to an inevitable decline.I do not believe in a fate that will all on us no matter what we do.I do believe in a fate that will fall on us if we do nothing.So, with all the creative energy at our command, let us begin an era of national renewal.Let us renew our determination, our courage, and our strength.And let us renew;our faith and our hope.We have every right to dream heroic dreams.我们目前困难的制造者是政府不必要和过度膨胀对我们生活的干预和侵扰，这不是偶然的巧合。我们应该真正认识到我们是一个伟大的国家，不能自囿于小小的梦想，我们不像有些人要我们相信的那样注定要不可避免地衰落，我不相信我们命该如此，无论我们做什么都不能改变那些人描绘的宿命，但我相信，如果我们什么也不做，我们将的确命该如此。为此，让我们以我们拥有的一切创造力来开创一个国家复兴的时代吧。让我们重新下定决心，拿出我们的勇气和力量，让我们重新满怀信心和希望，我们完全有权利塑造崇高的理想。

Those who say that we are in a time when there are no heroes just don't know where to look.You can see heroes every day going in and out of factory gates.Others, a handful in number, produce enough food to feed all of us and then the world beyond.You meet heroes across a counter——and they are on both sides of that counter.There are entrepreneurs with faith in themselves and faith in an idea who create new jobs, new wealth and opportunity.They are individuals and families whose taxes support the Government and whose voluntary gifts support church, charity, culture, art, and education.Their patriotism is quiet but deep.Their values sustain our national life.当下那些不知道去哪发现英雄的人说我们正身处于一个没有英雄的时代。你们可以看到每天进出于工厂大门的英雄们；另外一些英雄人数虽少，但生产的粮食却足够养活我们大家和世界其他地区的人民；你们会在柜台前遇到英雄--在柜台的内外遇到英雄们，其中的一些人是对自己抱有信心的、有理想的企业家，他们创造新的职业、新的财富和机会，政府的维持就是靠这样一些个人和家族缴纳的捐税，教会、慈善事业、文化、艺术和教育事业也是靠他们的自愿捐献来维持的。他们的爱国主义精神含而不露，但却是强烈的，他们创造的价值支撑着我们的国民生活。

I have used the words “they” and “their” in speaking of these heroes.I could say “you” and “your” because I am addressing the heroes of whom I speak——you, the citizens of this blessed land.Your dreams, your hopes, your goals are going to be the dreams, the hopes, and the goals of this administration, so help me God.我在说到这些英雄时，用了“他们”和“他们的”这两个字眼，但也可以说“你们”、“你们的”。因为我现在正给我提及的英雄们讲话--就是你们，这个上帝降福的国土上的公民们。你们的理想、希望、目标将是本届政府的理想、希望、目标，愿上帝保佑我做到这一点。

We shall reflect the compassion that is so much a part of your makeup.How can we love our country and not love our countrymen, and loving them, reach out a hand when they fall, heal them when they are sick, and provide opportunities to make them self-sufficient so they will be equal in fact and not just in theory?

我们将体现出在你们的禀性中占很大成分的同情心。怎么能爱我们的国家而不爱我们的同胞呢？我们要爱他们，在他们摔倒时伸出手去扶住他们，在他们患病时给他们治愈，并提供机会使他们自给自足，使他们获得实在而不是口头上的平等。

Can we solve the problems confronting us? Well, the answer is an unequivocal and emphatic “yes.” To paraphrase Winston Churchill, I did not take the oath I have just taken with the intention of presiding over the dissolution of the world's strongest economy.我们能解决摆在我们面前的这些问题吗？回答是毫不含糊和断然的两个字“能够”，借用温斯顿丘吉尔的话说，我刚才宣誓并不是想要在我的领导下使这个世界最强大的经济瓦解。

In the days ahead I will propose removing the roadblocks that have slowed our economy and reduced productivity.Steps will be taken aimed at restoring the balance between the various levels of government.Progress may be slow——measured in inches and feet, not miles——but we will progress.Is it time to reawaken this industrial giant, to get government back within its means, and to lighten our punitive tax burden.And these will be our first priorities, and on these principles, there will be no compromise.在今后的一段时间，我将建议消除一些使得我们经济发展缓慢和生产力下降的障碍，将要采取一些旨在恢复各级政府之间保持平衡的步骤，进展也许是缓慢的，用英寸和英尺而不是用英里来衡量，但我们会前进。现在应当是唤醒这个工业巨人的时候，使政府能够重新量入为出，减轻我们惩罚性的赋税负担，这将是我们首要的任务，在这些原则上绝不会妥协。

On the eve of our struggle for independence a man who might have been one of the greatest among the Founding Fathers, Dr.Joseph Warren, President of the Massachusetts Congress, said to his fellow Americans, “Our country is in danger, but not to be despaired of…… On you depend the fortunes of America.You are to decide the important questions upon which rests the happiness and the liberty of millions yet unborn.Act worthy of yourselves.”

在我国为独立而斗争的前夕，有一个人曾对他的美国同胞说：“我们现在处于危险之中，但并没有绝望…美国的命运取决与你们。关系到尚未出生的千百万人的幸福和自由的一个重要问题是由你们来决定，你们的行动要无愧与你自己。”这个人就是马萨诸塞议会主席约瑟夫沃伦博士，如果他当初没有在邦克山牺牲，他也许成为我国建国的先人中最伟大的任务之一。

Well, I believe we, the Americans of today, are ready to act worthy of ourselves, ready to do what must be done to ensure happiness and liberty for ourselves, our children and our children's children.我相信，我们当代美国人已做好无愧于我们自己行动的准备，做好为确保我们自己、孩子和子孙后代的幸福和自由必须进行工作的准备。

And as we renew ourselves here in our own land, we will be seen as having greater strength throughout the world.We will again be the exemplar of freedom and a beacon of hope for those who do not now have freedom.当我们在这块土地上时代相传时，全世界将看到，我们所具有的力量更加强大，我们将再度成为自由的典范，成为现在还没有获得自由的那些人的希望之光。

To those neighbors and allies who share our freedom, we will strengthen our historic ties and assure them of our support and firm commitment.We will match loyalty with loyalty.We will strive for mutually beneficial relations.We will not use our friendship to impose on their sovereignty, for or own sovereignty is not for sale.对于与我们怀有同样自由理想的那些邻国和盟国，我们将加强我们之间传统性的沟通，保证对他们予以支持，对他们履行应尽的义务，忠诚地报答他们的忠诚，努力争取建立互利的关系，决不利用这种友谊去影响他们的主权，因为我们自己的主权也是不能出卖的。

As for the enemies of freedom, those who are potential adversaries, they will be reminded thatpeace is the highest aspiration of the American people.We will negotiate for it, sacrifice for it;we will not surrender for it——now or ever.对于那些自由的敌人和潜在的对手，我们要提醒他们，和平是美国人民的最高愿望。我们将为和平而谈判，为和平而牺牲，但我们绝不为和平而投降，现在不会，将来也永远不会。

Our forbearance should never be misunderstood.Our reluctance for conflict should not bemisjudged as a failure of will.When action is required to preserve our national security, we will act.We will maintain sufficient strength to prevail if need be, knowing that if we do so we have the best chance of never having to use that strength.对我们的忍让绝不应误解。不要把我们对冲突采取的克制态度误认为是意志不坚强。一旦需要采取行动保卫我们国家的安全，我们就采取行动。我们将保持足以在必要时取胜的力量，这样我们才最有可能不必动用这种力量。

Above all, we must realize that no arsenal, or no weapon in the arsenals of the world, is so formidable as the will and moral courage of free men and women.It is a weapon our adversaries in today's world do not have.It is a weapon that we as Americans do have.Let that be understood by those who practice terrorism and prey upon their neighbors.所以，我们必须认识到，世界各地军火库中的任何武器没有自由人们的意志和维护道义的勇气强大，这是当今世界上我们美国独有而我们对手所没有的武器。要让那些采取恐怖行动和掠夺自己邻国的人懂得这一点。

I am told that tens of thousands of prayer meetings are being held on this day, and for that I am deeply grateful.We are a nation under God, and I believe God intended for us to be free.It would be fitting and good, I think, if on each Inauguration Day in future years it should be declared a day of prayer.当得知今天举行的祈祷会成千上万时，我深为感激。我们是上帝保佑的国家，我们相信，上帝希望我们得到自由。如果每次就职典礼日都能成为祈祷日，那是恰如其逢的好事。

This is the first time in history that this ceremony has been held, as you have been told, on this West Front of the Capitol.Standing here, one faces a magnificent vista, opening up on this city's special beauty and history.At the end of this open mall are those shrines to the giants on whose shoulders we stand.就职仪式在国会大厦西门举行是美国历史的第一次。站在这里，宏伟壮丽的景色尽收眼底，可以看到华盛顿这座城市独特的美丽和历史。在这条宽阔林荫大道尽头矗立着我国历史伟大的纪念物。

Directly in front of me, the monument to a monumental man: George Washington, Father of our country.A man of humility who came to greatness reluctantly.He led America out of revolutionary victory into infant nationhood.Off to one side, the stately memorial to Thomas Jefferson.The Declaration of Independence flames with his eloquence.在我的正前方是一位不朽人物的纪念碑，他就是我们的国父乔治华盛顿。他禀性谦恭，处于时势所迫才做出伟大业绩，领导美国取得革命胜利，建立一个新国家。稍偏一点是庄严雄伟的托马斯杰斐逊纪念堂，独立宣言闪耀着他的雄辩才华。

And then beyond the Reflecting Pool the dignified columns of the Lincoln Memorial.Whoever would understand in his heart the meaning of America will find it in the life of Abraham Lincoln.在映影池的那一边，矗立着由大圆柱组成的庄严肃穆的林肯纪念堂，任何想彻底了解美国真谛的人都会在亚伯拉罕林肯的一生中得到答案。

Beyond those monuments to heroism is the Potomac River, and on the far shore the sloping hills of Arlington National Cemetery with its row on row of simple white markers bearing crosses or Stars of David.They add up to only a tiny fraction of the price that has been paid for our freedom.过了这些英雄纪念物就是波托马克河，河对岸就是阿灵顿国家公墓，坡地上排者一行行刻着十字架和大卫王之星的朴实无华的白色墓碑，他们仅仅是为了我们的自由所付出的代价的缩影。

Each one of those markers is a monument to the kinds of hero I spoke of earlier.Their lives ended in places called Belleau Wood, The Argonne, Omaha Beach, Salerno and halfway around the world on Guadalcanal, Tarawa, Pork Chop Hill, the Chosin Reservoir, and in a hundred rice paddies and jungles of a place called Vietnam.这里的每一个墓碑都是对我所提及的那些英雄的纪念。他们在一些叫贝鲁伍德、阿尔贡、奥马哈滩、萨莱诺的地方，在相隔半个地球之遥的瓜达卡钠尔、塔拉瓦、独排山、长津水岸和一个叫越南--有着许许多多稻田和丛林的地方献出了他们的生命。

Under one such marker lies a young man——Martin Treptow——who left his job in a small town barber shop in 1917 to go to France with the famed Rainbow Division.There, on the western front, he was killed trying to carry a message between battalions under heavy artillery fire.在这里的一块墓碑下躺着一位名叫马丁托雷普托的年轻人，他于1917年离开一座小镇的理发馆，随同著名的彩虹师来到法国。在那里的西部战场上，他在猛烈的炮火中为自己的部队传递信息时牺牲了。

We are told that on his body was found a diary.On the flyleaf under the heading, “My Pledge,” he had written these words: “America must win this war.Therefore, I will work, I will save, I will sacrifice, I will endure, I will fight cheerfully and do my utmost, as if the issue of the whole struggle depended on me alone.” 有人告诉我们在他的身上发现一本日记。扉页上写着这样的标题：“我的誓言”。他写下了这样的话语：“美国必须赢得这场战争。为此，我会奋斗，我会拯救，我会牺牲，我会忍受，我会并将尽我最大的努力英勇奋战，就好比所有的战争问题都将由我一个人来肩负。”

The crisis we are facing today does not require of us the kind of sacrifice that Martin Treptow and so many thousands of others were called upon to make.It does require, however, our best effort, and our willingness to believe in ourselves and to believe in our capacity to perform great deeds;to believe that together, with God's help, we can and will resolve the problems which now confront us.我们今天面临的危机并不是要求我们作出像马丁托雷普托和其他数以千计人那样的牺牲，然而，它确实要求我们作出最大的努力去工作，要求我们愿意相信自己，相信我们有能力干出伟大的事业：团结一致，在上帝的帮助下，能够并且一定会解决我们面临的种种问题。

And, after all, why shouldn't we believe that? We are Americans.God bless you, and thank you.我们为什么不应该相信这一点呢？毕竟我们是美国人。愿上帝祝福你们。

Mr.Vice President, Mr.Speaker, Members of the Senate, and of the House of Representatives:总统 副总统先生，议长先生，各位两院议员：

Yesterday, December 7th, 1941--a date which will live in infamy--the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.昨天，1941年12月7日――这一天将成为我们的国耻日――美利坚合众国遭到日本帝国的蓄谋已久的海、空突袭。The United States was at peace with that nation and, at the solicitation of Japan, was still in conversation with its government and its emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the Pacific.美国曾与该国和平相处，应该国之邀，还在与该国政府和天皇进行谈判，谋求维护太平洋区域和平。

Indeed, one hour after Japanese air squadrons had commenced bombing in the American island of Oahu, the Japanese ambassador to the United States and his colleague delivered to our Secretary of State a formal reply to a recent American message.And while this reply stated that it seemed useless to continue the existing diplomatic negotiations, it contained no threat or hint of war or of armed attack.事实上，在日本航空队开始轰炸美国的瓦湖岛一小时后，日本驻美大使及其同僚向我国务卿提交了对我国最近照会的正式答复，其内容是继续正在进行的外交谈判似乎已无意义，没有任何战争或武装攻击的威胁或暗示。

It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago.During the intervening time, the Japanese government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace.我们要牢记夏威夷到日本的距离清楚地表明，这次袭击只能是几天甚至是几周前蓄意策划的。在这期间，日本政府蓄意谋求用维护和平的善意的虚假消息来欺骗美国。

The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian islands has caused severe damage to American naval and military forces.I regret to tell you that very many American lives have been lost.In addition, American ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between San Francisco and Honolulu.昨天对夏威夷群岛的攻击给美国海军和陆军造成了严重损失。我很遗憾地告诉你们很多美国人丧生。此外，美国船只在旧金山与火努鲁鲁之间的公海遭鱼雷攻击。

Yesterday, the Japanese government also launched an attack against Malaya.昨天夜间，日本政府发动了对马来亚的进攻。Last night, Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong.昨天夜间，日军攻击了香港。

Last night, Japanese forces attacked Guam.昨天夜间，日军攻击了关岛。

Last night, Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands.昨天夜间，日军攻击了菲律宾群岛。Last night, the Japanese attacked Wake Island.昨天夜间，日军攻击了威克岛。

And this morning, the Japanese attacked Midway Island.今天上午，日军攻击了中途岛。

Japan has, therefore, undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the Pacific area.The facts of yesterday and today speak for themselves.The people of the United States have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our nation.因此，日本已经实施了对太平洋区域的突袭。昨天和今天的事实已经不言而喻了。美国人民已下定决心，并且深知这对国家安全和每个人意味着什么。

As commander in chief of the Army and Navy, I have directed that all measures be taken for our defense.But always will our whole nation remember the character of the onslaught against us.作为美国海陆军总司令，我已下令不惜一切保卫国家。但是我们全国都要永记这次偷袭的性质。

No matter how long it may take us to overcome this premeditated invasion, the American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory.不管用多长时间，我们终将战胜这次有预谋的侵略，美国人用他们的正义力量必将彻底胜利。

I believe that I interpret the will of the Congress and of the people when I assert that we will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost, but will make it very certain that this form of treachery shall never again endanger us.我相信我代表了国会和人民的意志，我宣布我们不仅要尽全力保卫自己，还要确保这样的背信弃义决不会再次发生。Hostilities exist.There is no blinking at the fact that our people, our territory, and our interests are in grave danger.面对敌意，我们不能闪烁其词，因为我们的人民、国土和利益都在最危险之中。

With confidence in our armed forces, with the unbounding determination of our people, we will gain the inevitable triumph--so help us God.有对军队的信心，有人民的不屈决心，我们必胜！上帝保佑！I ask that the Congress declare that since the unprovoked and dastardly attack by Japan on Sunday, December 7th, 1941, a state of war has existed between the United States and the Japanese empire.因为周日，1941年12月7日，日本对我国的无故的欺软怕硬的偷袭，我恳请国会宣布美国和日本帝国进入战争状态。

第三篇：里根就职演讲名言

first inaugural address of ronald reagan里根第一任总统就职演说 tuesday, january 20, 1981 第40任总统(1981年-1989年)

（一）senator hatfield, mr.chief justice, mr.president, vice president bush, vice president mondale, senator baker, speaker oneill, reverend moomaw, and my fellow citizens: to a few of us here today, this is a solemn and most momentous occasion;and yet, authority as called for in the constitution routinely takes place as it has for almost two centuries and few of us stop to think how unique we really are.in the eyes of many in the world, this every-4-year ceremony we accept as normal is nothing less than a miracle.议员海特菲尔德先生、法官先生、总统先生、副总统布什、蒙代尔先生、议员贝克先 生、发言人奥尼尔先生、尊敬的摩麦先生，以及广大支持我的美国同胞们：今天对于我们

中间的一些人来说，是一个非常庄严隆重的时刻。当然，对于这个国家的历史来说，却是

一件普通的事情。按照宪法要求，政府权利正在有序地移交，我们已经如此“例行公事”了

两个世纪，很少有人觉得这有什么特别的。但在世界上更多人看来，这个我们已经习以为

常的四年一次的仪式，却实在是一个奇迹。

（二）mr.president, i want our fellow citizens to know how much you did to carry on this tradition.by your gracious cooperation in the transition process, you have shown a watching world that we are a united people pledged to maintaining a political system which guarantees individual liberty to a greater degree than any other, and i thank you and your people for all your help in maintaining the continuity which is the bulwark of our republic.总统先生，我希望我们的同胞们都能知道你为了这个传承而付出的努力。通过移交

程序中的通力合作，你向观察者展示了这么一个事实：我们是发誓要团结起来维护这样一

个政治体制的团体，这样的体制保证了我们能够得到比其他政体更为广泛的个人自由。同

时我也要感谢你和你的伙伴们的帮助，因为你们坚持了这样的传承，而这恰恰是我们共和

国的根基。the business of our nation goes forward.these united states are confronted with an economic affliction of great proportions.we suffer from the longest and one of the worst sustained inflations in our national history.it distorts our economic decisions, penalizes shatter the lives of millions of our people.我们国家的事业在继续前进。合众国正面临巨大的经济困难。我们遭遇到我国历史上

历时最长、最严重之一的通货膨胀，它扰乱着我们的经济决策，打击着节俭的风气，压迫

着正在挣扎谋生的青年人和收入固定的中年人，威胁着要摧毁我国千百万人民的生计。

（三）idle industries have cast workers into unemployment, causing human misery and personal indignity.those who do work are denied a fair return for their labor by a tax system which penalizes successful achievement and keeps us from maintaining full productivity.but great as our tax burden is, it has not kept pace with public spending.for decades, we have piled deficit upon deficit, mortgaging our future and our childrens future for the temporary convenience of the present.to continue this long trend is to guarantee tremendous social, cultural, political, and economic upheavals.停滞的工业使工人失业、蒙受痛苦并失去了个人尊严。即使那些有工作的人，也因税

收制度的缘故而得不到公正的劳动报酬，因为这种税收制度使我们无法在事业上取得成就，使我们无法保持充分的生产力。尽管我们的纳税负担相当沉重，但还是跟不上公共开支的

增长。数十年来，我们的赤字额屡屡上升，我们为图目前暂时的方便，把自己的前途和子

孙的前途抵押出去了。这一趋势如果长此以往，必然引起社会、文化、政治和经济等方面

的大动荡。

（四）you and i, as individuals, can, by borrowing, live beyond our means, but for only a limited period of time.why, then, should we think that collectively, as a nation, we are not bound by that same limitation?we must act today in order to preserve tomorrow.and let there be no misunderstanding--we are going to begin to act, beginning today.away in days, weeks, or months, but they will go away.they will go away because we, as americans, have the capacity now, as we have had in the past, to do whatever needs to be done to preserve this last and greatest bastion of freedom.in this present crisis, government is not the solution to our problem.government is the problem.作为个人，你们和我可以靠借贷过一种人不敷出的生活，然而只能维持一

段有限的时期，我们怎么可以认为，作为一个国家整体，我们就不应受到同样的约束呢？为了保住明天，我们今天就必须行动起来。大家都要明白无误地懂得--我们从今天起就要采取行动。

我们深受其害的经济弊病，几十年来一直袭击着我们。这些弊病不会在几天、几星期或几个月内消失，但它们终将消失。它们之所以终将消失，是因为我们作

为现在的美国人，一如既往地有能力去完成需要完成的事情，以保存这个最后而

又最伟大的自由堡垒。

在当前这场危机中，政府的管理不能解决我们面临的问题。政府的管理就是

问题所在。government for, by, and of the people.but if no one among us is capable of governing himself, then who among us has the capacity to govern someone else? all of us together, in and out of government, must bear the burden.the solutions we seek must be equitable, with no one group singled out to pay a higher price.我们时常误以为，社会已经越来越复杂，已经不可能凭借自治方式加以管理，而一个由杰出人物组成的政府要比民享、民治、民有的政府高明。可是，假如我们之中谁也管理不了自己，那么，我们之中谁还能去管理他人呢。

我们大家--不论政府官员还是平民百姓--必须共同肩负起这个责任，我们谋

求的解决办法必须是公平的，不要使任何一个群体付出较高的代价。

（六）we hear much of special interest groups.our concern must be for a special interest group that has been too long neglected.it knows no sectional boundaries or ethnic and racial divisions, and it crosses political party lines.it is made up of men and women who raise our food, patrol our streets, man our mines and our factories, teach our children, keep our homes, and heal us when we are sick--professionals, industrialists, shopkeepers, clerks, cabbies, and truckdrivers.they are, in short, we the people, this breed called americans.我们听到许多关于特殊利益集团的谈论，然而。我们必须关心一个被忽视了

大久的特殊利益集团。这个集团没有区域之分，没有人种之分，没有民族之分，没有政党之分，这个集团由许许多多的男人与女人组成，他们生产粮食，巡逻街

头，管理厂矿，教育儿童，照料家务和治疗疾病。他们是专业人员、实业家、店

主、职 员、出租汽车司机和货车驾驶员，总而言之，他们就是我们人民--这个

称之为美国人的民族。

（七）well, this administrations objective will be a healthy, vigorous, growing economy that provides equal opportunity for all americans, with no barriers born of bigotry or discrimination.putting america back to work means putting all americans back to work.ending inflation means freeing all americans from the terror of runaway living costs.all must share in the productive work of this new beginning and all must share in the bounty of a revived economy.with the idealism and fair play which are the core of our system and our strength, we can have a strong and prosperous america at peace with itself and the world.本届政府的日标是必须建立一种健全的、生气勃勃的和不断发展的经济，为

全体美国人民提供一种不因偏执或歧视而造成障碍的均等机会，让美国重新工作

起来，意味着让全体美国人重新工作起来。制止通货膨胀，意味着让全体美国人

从失控的生活费用所造成的恐惧中解脱出来。人人都应分担新开端的富有成效的工 作，人人都应分享经济复苏的硕果。我国制度和力量的核心是理想主义和

公正态度，有了这些，我们就能建立起强大、繁荣、国内稳定并同全世界和平相

处的美国。

（八）so, as we begin, let us take inventory.we are a nation that has a government--not the other way around.and this makes us special among the nations of the earth.our government has no power except that granted it by the people.it is time to check and reverse the growth of government which shows signs of having grown beyond the consent of the governed.it is my intention to curb the size and influence of the federal establishment and to demand recognition of the distinction between the powers granted to the federal government and those reserved to the states or to the people.all of us need to be reminded that the federal government did not create the states;the states created the federal government.now, so there will be no misunderstanding, it is not my intention to do away with government.it is, rather, to make it work-work with us, not over us;to stand by our side, not ride on our back.government can and must provide opportunity, not smother it;foster productivity, not stifle it.因此，在我们开始之际，让我们看看实际情况。我们是一个拥有政府的国家--而不是一个拥有国家的政府。这一点使我们在世界合国中独树一帜，我们的政

府除了人民授予的权力，没有任何别的权力。目前，政府权力的膨胀已显示出超

过被统治者同意的迹象，制止并扭转这种状况的时候到了。我打算压缩联邦机构的规模和权力，并要求大家承认联邦政府被授予的权力

同各州或人民保留的权利这两者之间的区别。我们大家都需要提醒：不是联邦政

府创立了各州，而是各州创立了联邦政府。

因此，请不要误会，我的意思不是要取消政府，而是要它发挥作用--同我们

一起合作，而不是凌驾于我们之上；同我们并肩而立，而不是骑在我们的背上。政府能够而且必须提供机会，而不是扼杀机会，它能够而且必须促进生产力，而

不是抑制生产力。

（九）if we look to the answer as to why, for so many years, we achieved so much, prospered as no other people on earth, it was because here, in this land, we unleashed the energy and individual genius of man to a greater extent than has ever been done before.freedom and the dignity of the individual have been more available and assured here than篇二：1981年里根就职演讲稿-中英文对照 就职演说文本: first inaugural address of ronald reagan tuesday, january 20, 1981 senator hatfield, mr.chief justice, mr.president, vice president bush, vice idle industries have cast workers into unemployment, causing human misery and personal indignity.those who do work are denied a fair return for their labor by a tax system which penalizes successful achievement and keeps us from maintaining full productivity.but great as our tax burden is, it has not kept pace with public spending.for decades, we have piled deficit upon deficit, mortgaging our future and our childrens future for the temporary convenience of the present.to continue this long trend is to guarantee tremendous social, cultural, political, and economic upheavals.you and i, as individuals, can, by borrowing, live beyond our means, but for only a limited period of time.why, then, should we think that collectively, as a nation, we are not bound by that same limitation? we must act today in order to preserve tomorrow.and let there be no misunderstanding--we are going to begin to act, beginning today.in this present crisis, government is not the solution to our problem.in and out of government, must bear the burden.the solutions we seek must be equitable, with no one group singled out to pay a higher price.we hear much of special interest groups.our concern must be for a special interest group that has been too long neglected.it knows no sectional boundaries or ethnic and racial divisions, and it crosses political party lines.it is made up of men and women who raise our food, patrol our streets, man our mines and our factories, teach our children, keep our homes, and heal us when we are sick--professionals, industrialists, shopkeepers, clerks, cabbies, and truckdrivers.they are, in short, we the people, this breed called americans.well, this administrations objective will be a healthy, vigorous, growing economy that provides equal opportunity for all americans, with no barriers born of bigotry or discrimination.putting america back to work means putting all americans back to work.ending inflation means freeing all americans from the terror of runaway living costs.all must share in the productive work of this new beginning and all must share in the bounty of a revived economy.with the idealism and fair play which are the core of our system and our strength, we can have a strong and prosperous america at peace with itself and the world.so, as we begin, let us take inventory.we are a nation that has a government--not the other way around.and this makes us special among the nations of the earth.our government has no power except that granted it by the people.it is time to check and reverse the growth of government which shows signs of having grown beyond the consent of the governed.it is my intention to curb the size and influence of the federal establishment and to demand recognition of the distinction between the powers granted to the federal government and those reserved to the states or to the people.all of us need to be reminded that the federal government did not create the states;the states created the federal government.now, so there will be no misunderstanding, it is not my intention to do away with government.it is, rather, to make it work-work with us, not over us;to stand by our side, not ride on our back.government can and must provide opportunity, not smother it;foster productivity, not stifle it.if we look to the answer as to why, for so many years, we achieved so much, prospered as no other people on earth, it was because here, in this land, we unleashed the energy and individual genius of man to a greater extent than has ever been done before.freedom and the dignity of the individual have been more available and assured here than in any other place on earth.the price for this freedom at times has been high, but we have never been unwilling to pay that price.it is no coincidence that our present troubles parallel and are proportionate to the intervention and intrusion in our lives that result from unnecessary and excessive growth of government.it is time for us to realize that we are too great a nation to limit ourselves to small dreams.we are not, as some would have us believe, loomed to an inevitable we have every right to dream heroic dreams.those who say that we are in a time when there are no heroes just dont know where to look.you can see heroes every day going in and out of factory gates.others, a handful in number, produce enough food to feed all of us and then the world beyond.you meet heroes across a counter--and they are on both sides of that counter.there are entrepreneurs with faith in themselves and faith in an idea who create new jobs, new wealth and opportunity.they are individuals and families whose taxes support the government and whose voluntary gifts support church, charity, culture, art, and education.their patriotism is quiet but deep.their values sustain our national life.i have used the words they and their in speaking of these heroes.i could say you and your because i am addressing the heroes of whom i speak--you, the citizens of this blessed land.your dreams, your hopes, your goals are going to be the dreams, the hopes, and the goals of this administration, so help me god.can we solve the problems confronting us? well, the answer is an unequivocal and emphatic yes.to paraphrase winston churchill, i did not take the oath i have just taken with the intention of presiding over the dissolution of the worlds strongest economy.in the days ahead i will propose removing the roadblocks that have slowed our economy and reduced productivity.steps will be taken aimed at restoring the balance between the various levels of government.progress may be slow--measured in inches篇三：美国总统罗纳德-里根就职演讲稿(下)美国总统罗纳德-里根就职演讲稿（下）我们听到许多关于特殊利益集团的谈论，然而。我们必须关心一个被忽视了大久的特殊利益集团。这个集团没有区域之分，没有人种之分，没有民族之分，没有政党之分，这个集团由许许多多的男人与女人组成，他们生产粮食，巡逻街头，管理厂矿，教育儿童，照料家务和治疗疾病。他们是专业人员、实业家、店主、职 员、出租汽车司机和货车驾驶员，总而言之，他们就是我们人民——这个称之为美国人的民族。

本届政府的日标是必须建立一种健全的、生气勃勃的和不断发展的经济，为全体美国人民提供一种不因偏执或歧视而造成障碍的均等机会，让美国重新工作起 来，意味着让全体美国人重新工作起来。制止通货膨胀，意味着让全体美国人从失控的生活费用所造成的恐惧中解脱出来。人人都应分担新开端的富有成效的工 作，人人都应分享经济复苏的硕果。我国制度和力量的核心是理想主义和公正态度，有了这些，我们就能建立起强大、繁荣、国内稳定并同全世界和平相处的美国。因此，在我们开始之际，让我们看看实际情况。我们是一个拥有政府的国家——而不是一个拥有国家的政府。这一点使我们在世界合国中独树一帜，我们的政府 除了人民授予的权力，没有任何别的权力。目前，政府权力的膨胀已显示出超过被统治者同意的迹象，制止并扭转这种状况的时候到了。

我打算压缩联邦机构的规模和权力，并要求大家承认联邦政府被授予的权力同各州或人民保留的权利这两者之间的区别。我们大家都需要提醒：不是联邦政府创 立了各州，而是各州创立了联邦政府。因此，请不要误会，我的意思不是要取消政府，而是要它发挥作用——同我们一起合作，而不是凌驾于我们之上；同我们并肩 而立，而不是骑在我们的背上。政府能够而且必须提供机会，而不是扼杀机会，它能够而且必须促进生产力，而不是抑制生产力。

如果我们要探究这么多年来我们为什么能取得这么大成就，并获得了世界上任何一个民族未曾获得的繁荣昌盛，其原因是在这片土地上，我们使人类的能力和个 人的才智得到了前所未有的发挥。在这里，个人所享有并得以确保的自由和尊严超过了世界上任何其他地方。为这种自由所付出的代价有时相当高昂，但我们从来没 有不愿意付出这代价。

我们目前的困难，与政府机构因为不必要的过度膨胀而干预、侵扰我们的生活同步增加，这决不是偶然的巧合。我们是一个泱泱大国，不能自囿于小小的梦想，现在正是认识到这一点的时候。我们并非注定走向衰落，尽管有些人想让我们相信这一点。我不相信，无论我们做些什么，我们都将命该如此，但我相信，如果我们什么也不做，我们将的确命该如此。为此，让我们以掌握的一切创造力来开创一个国家复兴的时代吧。让我们重新拿出决心、勇气和力量，让我们重新建立起我们的信念和希望吧。我们完全有权去做英雄梦。

有人告诉我们在他的身上发现一本日记。扉页上写着这样的标题：“我的誓言”。他写下了这样的话语：“美国必须赢得这场战争。为此，我会奋斗，我会拯救，我会牺牲，我会忍受，我会并将尽我最大的努力英勇奋战，就好比所有的战争问题都将由我一个人来肩负。”篇四：翟鸿燊

翟鸿燊

翟鸿燊是我国当代传统文化的倡导者和传播者。系国学实践应用专家，经济与文化学者，清华大学、北京大学、北京科技大学、美国国家大学客座教授。

简介

国学实践应用专家：翟鸿燊(zhái hóng shēn)中国传统文化的倡导者和传播者。长期以来，翟教授一直怀着强烈的民族心和使命感致力于中国传统文化与哲学的研究，在融汇国际各种极具代表性的哲学主流、营销理论后，结合中国实际情况，针对管理科学、决策科学、人才培养、市场营销、企业团队等方面提出一整套独到的解决方案，并在学术界引起很大反响。

翟鸿燊教授所研发的著名“tat（思考力?行动力?表达力）”课程，已在清华大学、中国人民大学、北京科技大学、美国国家大学等知名院校的mba、emba、dba、卓越领导力项目等研修班中倍受欢迎。

翟鸿燊教授畅销专著：《领导的力量》

曾经服务过：中国联通、中原油田、国强集团、婷美集团、大亚集团、始峰集团、宇通客车集团等等。更多的是一些正在发展的中小型企业，如银曼公司、勰睿公司等。这些企业均在翟教授亲历其企业文化建设、团队建设、企业内部员工培训和全国各地经销商、代理商的教育训练之后获得了蓬勃的生机并且短时间内在全国拥有上千家连锁机构，年营业额突破亿元！

翟教授不断探索中国人才培养之道，自发筹建“中国大学生创业训练营”，亲自成功训练了数十万名大学毕业生，成就了无数人才的创业梦想，被誉为“中国创业营销教父”！

主要作品

《大智慧》内容介绍：

领导者的个人价值、凝塑自我魅力、提升管理实践；感受“自强不息，厚德载物”的境界；体会“道法自然”、“天人合一”的真实感受。本套课程深入浅出，在妙趣横生之中感悟天道、地道、人道、商道和王道。

1、修养篇：道不远人

2、心态篇：喜悦心

3、孝道篇：小孝治家，中孝治企，大孝治国

4、交友篇：君子和而不同，小人同而不和

5、管理篇：得其时，当其位

《大智慧（2）》内容提要：

《大智慧3-道德经应用智慧》

课程提要：

《道德经》易求，《道德经》之真法真传难得。为此，我们十分荣幸地邀请到著名国学大师翟鸿燊教授来“函谷关论道”，传授《道德经》之真谛，分享其珍藏的历代帝王对《道德经》之注解，引领您追寻老子的足迹，领悟天地自然的大道与智慧！翟教授自幼研读中国传统文化，尤其对《道德经》感悟颇深。长期以来，翟教授一直怀着强烈的民族心与使命感致力于中国传统文化与哲学的研究，是中国传统文化与大圣智慧的实践

者和传播者。近年来翟教授应邀在各级政府、知名院校做过数千场各种形式的教育训练与演讲，使近百万人在震撼和觉悟中获得心智上的成长和突破。

《道法自然》内容介绍：国学智慧精粹：

掌握进退自如的生存智慧

领悟刚柔相济的处世策略

学会顺逆从容的自然选择

感受祸福相倚的因果效应

创造静躁合一的人生状态 提升企业发展的管理之道

1.儒道精髓—— 以“仁”为本，是企业和谐发展之根本

以“义”育人，可培养企业团队精神

以“礼”待客，赢得人际关系，获得企业信誉

以“智”为贵，勇于创新，不断发展

以“信”为贵，人而无信，不知其可，信是做人之本、兴业之道 2.道家智慧——

3.禅宗智慧与企业伦理——

深刻体会禅宗所蕴含的对本性的关怀，以及由此出发而展开的处世方式、人生追求、审美情趣、超越精神，将禅宗精神澄明高远的境界引入到企业，建立各自企业的伦理体系，真正实现企业治理的至高境界，再现领导艺术的颠峰。

《国学应用智慧》内容介绍：

第一集 见贤思齐 1．学而时习之，不亦说悦乎？ 2．有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？ 3．独乐乐，众乐乐 4.四海之内皆兄弟！案例：北京2008奥运会开幕式。第二集 立德修身 1．人与人之间的关系 2.人与自然之间的关系 3.人与道之间的关系 案例：1.现行车辆，换来数日蓝天； 2.快乐资产负债表 第三集 忠孝天下 1．为人谋而不忠乎！与朋友交而不信乎！2.忠告而善道之，不可则止，毋自辱焉。3.小孝治家，中孝治企，大孝治国 案例：1.经济崛起文化繁荣，“汉语热”席卷全球 2.孝敬父母要趁早 第四集 处世之道 1.君子务本,本立而道生.孝弟（悌）之道，其为仁之本与（欤）2.子曰:色难!至于犬马,皆能有养.不敬,何以别乎? 3.求百世功 求千秋利用 求万代名

案例：1.感恩要常怀于心 2.蒙牛文化

第五集 沟通智慧

1.精乃生命之力；气乃生命之能；神乃生命之光 2.喜悦心——是最好的人格状态。

案例：

第六集 人脉建设

1.喜悦心——是最好的人格状态。2.人脉建立

案例：火车站接人

第七集 团队精神

1．有教无类，道不同不相为谋 2.财聚则民散，财散则民聚。3.利者义之合也。

案例：1.捐出全部资产580亿美元的比尔盖茨。2.将源兵魂（亮剑）

第八集 团队打造

1.精乃生命之力；气乃生命之能；神乃生命之光 2.领导人:生命取向要高!生命体验要深!生命能量要强!4.修之于身，其德乃真

5.知治身，则能治国，内圣外王，其理一贯。

案例：里根拜老子为师 视频音频讲座全集 01、翟鸿燊--国学中的管理之道（最新作品）4dvd+4cd 单购￥80元 02、翟鸿燊--紫气东来-国学应用智慧 1vcd 单购￥5元

翟鸿燊 03、翟鸿燊--道法自然 1dvd 单购￥20元 04、翟鸿燊--高品质沟通 1dvd 单购￥20元 05、翟鸿燊--北大讲国学-大智慧 1dvd 单购￥20元 06、翟鸿燊--国学应用智慧 1vcd 单购￥5元 07、翟鸿燊--清华讲国学之《国学应用智慧》 2vcd+1cd(8cd转mp3合成1张光盘)单购￥20元

08、翟鸿燊-大智慧第二部（最新作品）1dvd+4cd 单购￥30元 09新增：

翟鸿燊-世纪成功论坛之《女人的资本-国学应用智慧》

翟鸿燊-仁，义，德，学，爱

翟鸿燊-大智慧第三部

翟鸿燊语录

1、成功者的常态就是失败者的变态。

2、知识就是力量是错误的，会使用知识才是力量。

3、教育不等于训练，教育改变观念，训练才能改变行为。

4、没有发大财就是因为没有发大疯，有人说你疯了，你就离成功不远了。

5、建立与人沟通的主动性，看到人在动，就像看到钱在动。

6、主动接近潜在顾客，说服并诱导其接受你的产品，就是推销。

7、销售是种最佳的生活方式。

8、顾客永远是对的这句话不一定对，顾客是需要帮助和教育的。

9、沟通不但是语言、文字交流，眼神和体态都很重要。

10、人的行为受两种因素影响：逃离痛苦、接近快乐。

11、拒绝别人是一种惯性，当被别人拒绝的时候，工作才开始。

12、销售不是卖东西，是帮顾客买东西。

13、顾客不拒绝你的产品和服务，只拒绝你的平庸。

14、同流才能交流，要做什么样的事情，就要想办法和什么样的人混在在一起。

15、人脉等于神脉，关系就是实力，朋友是最大的生产力。

16、对朋友不能太挑剔，清泉虽高，养不了大鱼，包容才能做大。

17、沟通高手，能跟各色人打交道，18、不要小看你身边的每一个人，辗转五次可以见到总统。

19、有道理不如有效率，有效率不如有效果。20、讲话的声音跟胸怀有关系，胸怀跟财富命运有关系。

21、不是需要更多的知识，而是需要更好的状态。

22、世界上最不能等的是什么？比尔盖茨的回答：孝敬父母。篇五：美国总统罗纳德-里根就职演讲稿(上)美国总统罗纳德-里根就职演讲稿（上）议员海特菲尔德先生、法官先生、总统先生、副总统布什、蒙代尔先生、议员贝克先生、发言人奥尼尔先生、尊敬的摩麦先生，以及广大支持我的美国同胞们： 今天对于我们中间的一些人来说，是一个非常庄严隆重的时刻。当然，对于这个国家的历史来说，却是一件普通的事情。按照宪法要求，政府权利正在有序地移交，我们已经如此“例行公事”了两个世纪，很少有人觉得这有什么特别的。但在世界上更多人看来，这个我们已经习以为常的四年一次的仪式，却实在是一个奇迹。总统先生，我希望我们的同胞们都能知道你为了这个传承而付出的努力。通过移交程序中的通力合作，你向观察者展示了这么一个事实：我们是发誓要团结起来维护这样一个政治体制的团体，这样的体制保证了我们能够得到比其他政体更为广泛的个人自由。同时我也要感谢你和你的伙伴们的帮助，因为你们坚持了这样的传承，而这恰恰是我们共和国的根基。我们国家的事业在继续前进。合众国正面临巨大的经济困难。我们遭遇到我国历史上历时最长、最严重之一的通货膨胀，它扰乱着我们的经济决策，打击着节俭的风气，压迫着正在挣扎谋生的青年人和收入固定的中年人，威胁着要摧毁我国千百万人民的生计。

停滞的工业使工人失业、蒙受痛苦并失去了个人尊严。即使那些有工作的人，也因税收制度的缘故而得不到公正的劳动报酬，因为这种税收制度使我们无法在事业上取得成就，使我们无法保持充分的生产力。尽管我们的纳税负担相当沉重，但还是跟不上公共开支的增长。数十年来，我们的赤字额屡屡上升，我们为图目前暂时的方便，把自己的前途和子孙的前途抵押出去了。这一趋势如果长此以往，必然引起社会、文化、政治和经济等方面的大动荡。作为个人，你们和我可以靠借贷过一种人不敷出的生活，然而只能维持一段有限的时期，我们怎么可以认为，作为一个国家整体，我们就不应受到同样的约束呢？为了保住明天，我们今天就必须行动起来。大家都要明白无误地懂得——我们从今天起就要采取行动。我们深受其害的经济弊病，几十年来一直袭击着我们。这些弊病不会在几天、几星期或几个月内消失，但它们终将消失。它们之所以终将消失，是因为我们作为现在的美国人，一如既往地有能力去完成需要完成的事情，以保存这个最后而又最伟大的自由堡垒。

在当前这场危机中，政府的管理不能解决我们面临的问题。政府的管理就是问题所在。

我们时常误以为，社会已经越来越复杂，已经不可能凭借自治方式加以管理，而一个由杰出人物组成的政府要比民享、民治、民有的政府高明。可是，假如我们之中谁也管理不了自己，那么，我们之中谁还能去管理他人呢。

我们大家——不论政府官员还是平民百姓——必须共同肩负起这个责任，我们谋求的解决办法必须是公平的，不要使任何一个群体付出较高的代价。

第四篇：总统就职演讲

My fellow citizens: I stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you have bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors.I thank President Bush for his service to our nation, as well as the generosity and cooperation he has shown throughout this transition.Forty-four Americans have now taken the presidential oath.The words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace.Yet, every so often, the oath is taken amidst gathering clouds and raging storms.At these moments, America has carried on not simply because of the skill or vision of those in high office, but because We the People have remained faithful to the ideals of our forebearers, and true to our founding documents.So it has been.So it must be with this generation of Americans.That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood.Our nation is at war, against a far-reaching network of violence and hatred.Our economy is badly weakened, a consequence of greed and irresponsibility on the part of some, but also our collective failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation for a new age.Homes have been lost;jobs shed;businesses shuttered.Our health care is too costly;our schools fail too many;and each day brings further evidence that the ways we use energy strengthen our adversaries and threaten our planet.These are the indicators of crisis, subject to data and statistics.Less measurable but no less profound is a sapping of confidence across our land--a nagging fear that America's decline is inevitable, and that the next generation must lower its sights.Today I say to you that the challenges we face are real.They are serious and they are many.They will not be met easily or in a short span of time.But know this, America: They will be met.On this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over fear, unity of purpose over conflict and discord.On this day, we come to proclaim an end to the petty grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn-out dogmas, that for far too long have strangled our politics.We remain a young nation, but in the words of Scripture, the time has come to set aside childish things.The time has come to reaffirm our enduring spirit;to choose our better history;to carry forward that precious gift, that noble idea, passed on from generation to generation: the God-given promise that all are equal, all are free, and all deserve a chance to pursue their full measure of happiness.In reaffirming the greatness of our nation, we understand that greatness is never a given.It must be earned.Our journey has never been one of shortcuts or settling for less.It has not been the path for the fainthearted--for those who prefer leisure over work, or seek only the pleasures of riches and fame.Rather, it has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things--some celebrated, but more often men and women obscure in their labor--who have carried us up the long, rugged path toward prosperity and freedom.For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and traveled across oceans in search of a new life.For us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the West;endured the lash of the whip and plowed the hard earth.For us, they fought and died, in places like Concord and Gettysburg;Normandy and Khe Sahn.Time and again, these men and women struggled and sacrificed and worked till their hands were raw so that we might live a better life.They saw America as bigger than the sum of our individual ambitions;greater than all the differences of birth or wealth or faction.This is the journey we continue today.We remain the most prosperous, powerful nation on Earth.Our workers are no less productive than when this crisis began.Our minds are no less inventive, our goods and services no less needed than they were last week or last month or last year.Our capacity remains undiminished.But our time of standing pat, of protecting narrow interests and putting off unpleasant decisions--that time has surely passed.Starting today, we must pick ourselves up, dust ourselves off, and begin again the work of remaking America.For everywhere we look, there is work to be done.The state of the economy calls for action, bold and swift, and we will act--not only to create new jobs, but to lay a new foundation for growth.We will build the roads and bridges, the electric grids and digital lines that feed our commerce and bind us together.We will restore science to its rightful place, and wield technology's wonders to raise health care's quality and lower its cost.We will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel our cars and run our factories.And we will transform our schools and colleges and universities to meet the demands of a new age.All this we can do.And all this we will do.Now, there are some who question the scale of our ambitions--who suggest that our system cannot tolerate too many big plans.Their memories are short.For they have forgotten what this country has already done;what free men and women can achieve when imagination is joined to common purpose, and necessity to courage.What the cynics fail to understand is that the ground has shifted beneath them--that the stale political arguments that have consumed us for so long no longer apply.The question we ask today is not whether our government is too big or too small, but whether it works--whether it helps families find jobs at a decent wage, care they can afford, a retirement that is dignified.Where the answer is yes, we intend to move forward.Where the answer is no, programs will end.And those of us who manage the public's dollars will be held to account--to spend wisely, reform bad habits, and do our business in the light of day--because only then can we restore the vital trust between a people and their government.Nor is the question before us whether the market is a force for good or ill.Its power to generate wealth and expand freedom is unmatched, but this crisis has reminded us that without a watchful eye, the market can spin out of control--and that a nation cannot prosper long when it favors only the prosperous.The success of our economy has always depended not just on the size of our gross domestic product, but on the reach of our prosperity;on our ability to extend opportunity to every willing heart--not out of charity, but because it is the surest route to our common good.As for our common defense, we reject as false the choice between our safety and our ideals.Our Founding Fathers, faced with perils we can scarcely imagine, drafted a charter to assure the rule of law and the rights of man, a charter expanded by the blood of generations.Those ideals still light the world, and we will not give them up for expedience's sake.And so to all other peoples and governments who are watching today, from the grandest capitals to the small village where my father was born: Know that America is a friend of each nation and every man, woman and child who seeks a future of peace and dignity, and that we are ready to lead once more.Recall that earlier generations faced down fascism and communism not just with missiles and tanks, but with sturdy alliances and enduring convictions.They understood that our power alone cannot protect us, nor does it entitle us to do as we please.Instead, they knew that our power grows through its prudent use;our security emanates from the justness of our cause, the force of our example, the tempering qualities of humility and restraint.We are the keepers of this legacy.Guided by these principles once more, we can meet those new threats that demand even greater effort--even greater cooperation and understanding between nations.We will begin to responsibly leave Iraq to its people, and forge a hard-earned peace in Afghanistan.With old friends and former foes, we will work tirelessly to lessen the nuclear threat, and roll back the specter of a warming planet.We will not apologize for our way of life, nor will we waver in its defense, and for those who seek to advance their aims by inducing terror and slaughtering innocents, we say to you now that our spirit is stronger and cannot be broken;you cannot outlast us, and we will defeat you.For we know that our patchwork heritage is a strength, not a weakness.We are a nation of Christians and Muslims, Jews and Hindus--and nonbelievers.We are shaped by every language and culture, drawn from every end of this Earth;and because we have tasted the bitter swill of civil war and segregation, and emerged from that dark chapter stronger and more united, we cannot help but believe that the old hatreds shall someday pass;that the lines of tribe shall soon dissolve;that as the world grows smaller, our common humanity shall reveal itself;and that America must play its role in ushering in a new era of peace.To the Muslim world, we seek a new way forward, based on mutual interest and mutual respect.To those leaders around the globe who seek to sow conflict, or blame their society's ills on the West: Know that your people will judge you on what you can build, not what you destroy.To those who cling to power through corruption and deceit and the silencing of dissent, know that you are on the wrong side of history;but that we will extend a hand if you are willing to unclench your fist.To the people of poor nations, we pledge to work alongside you to make your farms flourish and let clean waters flow;to nourish starved bodies and feed hungry minds.And to those nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty, we say we can no longer afford indifference to suffering outside our borders;nor can we consume the world's resources without regard to effect.For the world has changed, and we must change with it.As we consider the road that unfolds before us, we remember with humble gratitude those brave Americans who, at this very hour, patrol far-off deserts and distant mountains.They have something to tell us today, just as the fallen heroes who lie in Arlington whisper through the ages.We honor them not only because they are guardians of our liberty, but because they embody the spirit of service;a willingness to find meaning in something greater than themselves.And yet, at this moment--a moment that will define a generation--it is precisely this spirit that must inhabit us all.For as much as government can do and must do, it is ultimately the faith and determination of the American people upon which this nation relies.It is the kindness to take in a stranger when the levees break, the selflessness of workers who would rather cut their hours than see a friend lose their job which sees us through our darkest hours.It is the firefighter's courage to storm a stairway filled with smoke, but also a parent's willingness to nurture a child, that finally decides our fate.Our challenges may be new.The instruments with which we meet them may be new.But those values upon which our success depends--hard work and honesty, courage and fair play, tolerance and curiosity, loyalty and patriotism--these things are old.These things are true.They have been the quiet force of progress throughout our history.What is demanded then is a return to these truths.What is required of us now is a new era of responsibility--a recognition, on the part of every American, that we have duties to ourselves, our nation and the world;duties that we do not grudgingly accept but rather seize gladly, firm in the knowledge that there is nothing so satisfying to the spirit, so defining of our character, than giving our all to a difficult task.This is the price and the promise of citizenship.This is the source of our confidence--the knowledge that God calls on us to shape an uncertain destiny.This is the meaning of our liberty and our creed--why men and women and children of every race and every faith can join in celebration across this magnificent Mall, and why a man whose father less than 60 years ago might not have been served at a local restaurant can now stand before you to take a most sacred oath.So let us mark this day with remembrance, of who we are and how far we have traveled.In the year of America's birth, in the coldest of months, a small band of patriots huddled by dying campfires on the shores of an icy river.The capital was abandoned.The enemy was advancing.The snow was stained with blood.At a moment when the outcome of our revolution was most in doubt, the father of our nation ordered these words be read to the people: “Let it be told to the future world...that in the depth of winter, when nothing but hope and virtue could survive...that the city and the country, alarmed at one common danger, came forth to meet [it].” America.In the face of our common dangers, in this winter of our hardship, let us remember these timeless words.With hope and virtue, let us brave once more the icy currents, and endure what storms may come.Let it be said by our children's children that when we were tested, we refused to let this journey end, that we did not turn back, nor did we falter;and with eyes fixed on the horizon and God's grace upon us, we carried forth that great gift of freedom and delivered it safely to future generations.各位同胞：

今天我站在这里，为眼前的重责大任感到谦卑，对各位的信任心怀感激，对先贤的牺牲铭记在心。我要谢谢布什总统为这个国家的服务，也感谢他在政权转移期间的宽厚和配合。四十四位美国人发表过总统就职誓言，这些誓词或是在繁荣富强及和平宁静之际发表，或是在乌云密布，时局动荡之时。在艰困的时候，美国能箕裘相继，不仅因为居高位者有能力或愿景，也因为人民持续对先人的抱负有信心，也忠於创建我国的法统。

因此，美国才能承继下来。因此，这一代美国人也必须承继下去。

现在大家都知道我们正置身危机核心，我国正在与四处蔓延的 暴力和憎恨作战。我们的经济元气大伤——这既是某些人贪婪且不负责任的後果，也是大众未能做出艰难的选择，对国家进入新时代做准备不足所致。许多人失去房 子，丢了工作，生意萧条。我们的医疗太昂贵，学校教育让人失望。每天都有更

多证据显示，我们利用能源的方式壮大我们的对敌，威胁我们的星球。

这些都是得自资料和统计数据的危机指标。比较无法测量但同样深沉的，是举国信心尽失——持续担心美国将无可避免地衰退，也害怕下一代一定会眼界变低。

今天我要告诉各位，我们面临的挑战是真的，挑战非常严重，且不在少数。它们不是可以轻易，或在短时间内解决。但是，美国要了解，这些挑战会被解决。

在这一天，我们聚在一起，因为我们选择希望而非恐惧，有意义的团结而非纷争和不合。在这一天，我们来此宣示，那些无用的抱怨和虚伪的承诺已终结，那些扭曲我们政治已久的相互指控和陈旧教条已终结。我们仍是个年轻的国家，但借用圣经的话，摆脱幼稚事物的时刻到来了，重申我们坚忍精神的时刻到来了，选择我们更好的历史，实践那种代代传承的珍贵权利，那种高贵的理念：就是上帝的应许，我们每个人都是平等的，每个人都是自由的，每个人都应该有机会追求全然的幸福。

再次肯定我们国家的伟大，我们了解伟大绝非赐予而来，必须 努力达成。我们的旅程从来就不是抄捷径或很容易就满足。这条路一直都不是给不勇敢的人走的，那些偏好逸乐胜过工作，或者只想追求名利就满足的人。恰恰相 反，走这条路的始终是勇於冒险的人，做事的人，成事的人，其中有些人很出名，但更常见的是在各自岗位上的男男女女无名英雄，在这条漫长崎岖的道路上支撑我 们，迈向繁荣与自由。

为了我们，他们携带很少的家当，远渡重洋，追寻新生活。

为了我们，他们胼手胝足，在西部安顿下来；忍受风吹雨打，筚路蓝缕。为了我们，他们奋斗不懈，在康科特和盖茨堡，诺曼地和溪山等地葬身。

前人不断的奋斗与牺牲，直到双手皮开肉绽，我们才能享有比较好的生活。他们将美国视为大於所有个人企图心总和的整体，超越出身、财富或小圈圈的差异。

这是我们今天继续前进的旅程。我们仍旧是 全球最繁荣强盛的国家。这场危机爆发时，我们的劳工生产力并未减弱。我们的心智一样创新，我们的产品和劳务和上周或上个月或去年相比，一样是必需品。我们 的能力并未减损。但是我们墨守成规、维护狭小利益、推迟引人不悦的决定，这段时期肯定已经过去。由今天开始，我们必须振作起来，拍掉身上的灰尘，再度开始重塑美国。

我们无论朝何处望去，都有工作必须完成。经济情势需要大 胆、迅速的行动，我们将有所行动，不光是创造新工作，更要奠定成长的新基础。我们将造桥铺路，为企业兴建电力网格与数位线路，将我们联系在一起。我们将让 科学回归合适的用途，运用科技的奇蹟来提高医疗品质并降低费用。我们将利用

太阳能、风力和土壤作为汽车的燃料和工厂的能源。我们将让中小学及大专院校转 型，因应新时代的需要。这些我们可以作到。我们也将会作到。

现在，有人质疑我们的雄心，暗示说我们的体系无法承受太多的大计画。这些人的记性不好。因为他们忘记了这个国家已经完成的成就，当创造力朝同一个目标发展，不受约束的男男女女可以完成何等成就，必要的是勇气。

怀疑者无法理解的是他们的主张已经站不住脚，长期以来折磨 我们的陈腐政治争议已经行不通。我们今天的问题不是政府太大或太小，而是有无功效，是否能帮助家庭找到薪水不错的工作，支付得起照顾费用，有尊严的退休。哪个方向能够提供肯定的答案，我们就往那里走。答案是否定的地方，计画就会停止。所有我们这些管理大众金钱的人都将负起责任，花钱要精明，改掉恶习，正大 光明作事情，只有这样我们才能重建政府与人民间最重要的信任。

我们眼前的问题也不是说市场的力量是善或恶。市场创造财富 和增加自由的力量无与伦比，但是这场危机提醒我们没有监督时，市场发展将失控，当市场只偏爱有钱人时，国家无法永续繁荣。我们经济成功的依据，不只是国内 生产毛额的规模，还有繁荣可及的范围，以及我们将机会拓展给每个愿意打拚的人，不是因为施舍，而是因为这就是达到我们共同利益最稳健的途径。

至於我们的共同防卫，让我们必须在自由和理想之间作一抉 择，是错误的，我们拒绝接受。我们建国诸父在我们难以想像的危难之中。拟具了确保法治和人权的宪章，被一代代以鲜血扩大充实的宪章。这些理想依然照亮这个 世界，我们不会为了便宜行事而扬弃它。同样地，今日在观看此情此景的其他民族和政府，从最宏伟的都城到家父出生的小村庄，我要说：任何一个国家、男、女、和孩童，只要你在追求一个和平且有尊严的未来，美国就是你的朋友，我们准备再次带领大家。

回想先前的世代力抗法西斯主义和communist，靠的除了飞弹和战车之外，还有强固的联盟和持久的信念。他们知道单单力量本身不足以让我们自保，也不能让我们为所欲为。相反地，他们知道我们的力量因为谨慎使用而增强，我们的安全源自我们理想的正当性，我们所树立楷模的力量，以及谦逊和克制所具有的调和特质。

我们是这些遗产的保存者。在这些原则的再次指引下，我们可以面对那些新的威胁，这些威胁有赖国与国间更 大的合作与谅解方能因应。我们将开始以负责任的方式把伊拉克还给它的人民，并在阿富汗建立赢来不易的和平。我们会努力不懈地与老朋友和昔日的对手合作，以 减轻核子威胁，和地球的暖化。我们不会为我们的生活方式而道歉，也会毫不动摇地保护它，对那些想要藉由带来恐怖与杀害无辜以遂其目的者，我们现在告诉你，我们的精神强过你们，无法摧折，你们不可能比我们长久，我们必定打败你们。

因为我们知道，我们拼凑组合而成的遗产是我们的强处，而非弱点。我们是由基督徒和穆斯林，犹太教徒和印 度教徒，以及非信徒组成的国家。我们由取自世界四面八方的各种语文和文化所形塑。而且由於我们曾尝过内战和种族隔离的苦果，并且在走出那黑暗时期之後变得 更坚强和团结，这让我们不得不相信旧日的仇恨终究会过去，部族之间的界线很快就会泯灭。随着世界越来越小，我们共通的人性也会彰显，而美国必须扮演引进新 和平时代的角色。

对穆斯林世界，我们寻求一种新的前进方式，以共同的利益和尊重为基础。那些想播植冲突并把自己社会的问 题怪罪於西方的领袖，须知你的国民藉以判断你的，是你能建立什麽，而非你能毁坏什麽。那些靠着贪腐欺骗和箝制异己保住权势的人，须知你们站在历史错误的一 边，而只要你愿意松手，我们就会伸出援助之手。

那些穷国的人民，我们保证会和你们合作，让们的农场丰收，让清流涌入，滋补饿坏的身体，喂养饥饿的心灵。而对那些和我们一样比较富裕的国家，我要说，我们不能再对国界以外的苦痛视而不见，也不能再消耗世上的资源而不计後果。因为世界已经变了，我们也要跟着改变。

在我们思索眼前道路的此际，我们以谦虚感激的心想到，有些勇敢的美国同胞正在遥远的沙漠和山岭上巡逻。今天他们有话要对我们说，就和躺在阿灵顿（公墓）的英雄们世世代代轻声诉说的一样。我们尊荣他们，不只因为他们扞卫我们的自由，更因为他们代表着服务的精 神；愿意在比自己更大的事物上找寻意义。而在此刻，能够界定一个世代的此刻，必须常驻你我心中的，正是这种精神。

即使政府能做和必须做，这个国家最终仍得靠美国人民的信念与决心。在堤防决堤时，是人们的善心，让他们 招待陌生人。是工作人员的无私，让他们宁可减工时，也不愿看到朋友失业，陪伴我们度过最黑暗时期。是消防员的勇气，让他们冲进满是浓烟的楼梯间。是父母心 甘情愿培育孩子，最终决定我们的命运。

我们的挑战也许是新的，我们迎接挑战的工具也许是新的，但我们赖以成功的价值观─辛勤工作和诚实、勇气 和公平竞争、容忍和好奇心、忠实和爱国心─这些都是固有的。这些价值是真实的，是我们历史上进步的沉默力量。我们有必要找回这些真实价值。我们现在需要一 个勇於负责的新时代，每一个美国人都体认到我们对自己、对国家、对世界负有责任，我们不是不情愿地接受这些责任，而是欣然接受，坚信没有什麽比全力以赴完 成艰难的工作，更能得到精神上的满足，更能找到自我。这是公民的代价和承诺。

这是我们信心的来源，体认上帝召唤我们创造不确定的命运。

这是我们的自由和信条的真谛，为什麽不同种族和信仰的男女老幼能在这个大草坪上共同庆祝，为什麽一个人的父亲在不到六十年前也许还不能进当地的餐厅用餐，现在却能站在你们面前做最神圣的宣誓。

让我们记住这一天，记住我们是谁、我们走了多远。在美国诞生这一年，在最寒冷的几个月，在结冰的河岸，一群爱国人士抱着垂死的同志。首都弃守，敌人进逼，雪沾了血。在那时，我们革命的成果受到质疑，我们的国父下令向人民宣读这段话：

“让这段话流传后世，在深冬，只剩下希望和美德，这个城市和这个国家，面临共同危险，站起来迎向它。”

美国，面对我们共同的危险，在这个艰困的冬天，让我们记得这些永恒的话语。怀着希望和美德，让我们再度 冲破结冰的逆流，度过接下来可能来临的暴风雪。让我们孩子的孩子继续流传下去，说我们受到考验时，我们拒绝让旅程结束，我们不回头，也不踌躇；眼睛注视着 远方，上帝的恩典降临我们，我们带着自由这个伟大的礼物，安全送达未来的世世代代。

President Bush: Thank you all.Thank you all for coming.We had a long night--(laughter)--and a great night.(Cheers, applause.)The voters turned out in record numbers and delivered an historic victory.(Cheers, applause.)Earlier today, Senator Kerry called with his congratulations.We had a really good phone call.He was very gracious.Senator Kerry waged a spirited campaign, and he and his supporters can be proud of their efforts.(Applause.)Laura and I wish Senator Kerry and Teresa and their whole family all our best wishes.America has spoken, and I'm humbled by the trust and the confidence of my fellow citizens.With that trust comes a duty to serve all Americans, and I will do my best to fulfill that duty every day as your president.(Cheers, applause.)There are many people to thank, and my family comes first.(Cheers, applause.)Laura is the love of my life.(Cheers, applause.)I'm glad you love her, too.(Laughter.)

I want to thank our daughters, who joined their dad for his last campaign.(Cheers, applause.)I appreciate the hard work of my sister and my brothers.I especially want to thank my parents for their loving support.(Cheers, applause.)I'm grateful to the vice president and Lynne and their daughters, who have worked so hard and been such a vital part of our team.(Cheers, applause.)The vice president serves America with wisdom and honor, and I'm proud to serve beside him.(Cheers, applause.)I want to thank my superb campaign team.I want to thank you all for your hard work.(Cheers, applause.)I was impressed every day by how hard and how skillful our team was.I want to thank Chairman Mark Racicot and--(cheers, applause)--the campaign manager Ken Mehlman--(cheers, applause)– the architect, Karl Rove.(Cheers, applause.)I want to thank Ed Gillespie for leading our party so well.(Cheers, applause.)

I want to thank the thousands of our supporters across our country.I want to thank you for your hugs on the rope lines.I want to thank you for your prayers on the rope lines.I want to thank you for your kind words on the rope lines.I want to thank you for everything you did to make the calls and to put up the signs, to talk to your neighbors, and to get out the vote.(Cheers, applause.)

And because you did the incredible work, we are celebrating today.(Cheers, applause.)There's an old saying, 'Do not pray for tasks equal to your powers, pray for powers equal to your tasks.' In four historic years, America has been given great tasks and faced them with strength and courage.Our people have restored the vigor of this economy and shown resolve and patience in a new kind of war.Our military has brought justice to the enemy and honor to America.(Cheers, applause.)Our nation--our nation has defended itself and served the freedom of all mankind.I'm proud to lead such an amazing country, and I am proud to lead it forward.(Applause.)Because we have done the hard work, we are entering a season of hope.We will continue our economic progress.We will reform our outdated tax code.We will strengthen the Social Security for the next generation.We will make public schools all they can be, and we will uphold our deepest values of family and faith.We will help the emerging democracies of Iraq and Afghanistan--(cheers, applause)--so they can--so they can grow in strength and defend their freedom, and then our servicemen and-women will come home with the honor they have earned.(Cheers, applause.)With good allies at our side, we will fight this war on terror with every resource of our national power so our children can live in freedom and in peace.(Cheers, applause.)Reaching these goals will require the broad support of Americans, so today I want to speak to every person who voted for my opponent.To make this nation stronger and better, I will need your support and I will work to earn it.I will do all I can do to deserve your trust.A new term is a new opportunity to reach out to the whole nation.We have one country, one Constitution, and one future that binds us.And when we come together and work together, there is no limit to the greatness of America.(Cheers, applause.)Let me close with a word to the people of the state of Texas.(Cheers, applause.)We have known each other the longest, and you started me on this journey.On the open plains of Texas, I first learned the character of our country;sturdy and honest, and as hopeful as the break of day.I will always be grateful to the good people of my state.And whatever the road that lies ahead, that road will take me home.A campaign has ended, and the United States of America goes forward with confidence and faith.I see a great day coming for our country, and I am eager for the work ahead.God bless you.And may God bless America.(Cheers, applause.)

布什:

此次选民的投票率创下了历史新高，带来了历史性的胜利。今天早些时候，克里参议员打电话祝贺我竞选成功。我们在电话中谈得挺好，他非常亲切。克里参议员发起了猛烈的竞选攻势，他和他的支持者可以为此感到自豪。劳拉和我向克里、特里萨以及他们全家表示最衷心的祝愿。

美国做出了选择。对于同胞们的信任，我很感激。这种信任意味着我将承担为所有美国公民服务的义务。作为你们的总统，我每天都将竭尽全力。

我需要感谢许多人，首先是我的家人。劳拉是我一生的挚爱，我对你们也爱她感到高兴。我还要感谢在竞选后期加入竞选团的女儿，感谢兄弟姐妹们付出的努力，特别感谢严父慈母的支持。

我感谢副总统、（他的夫人）莱尼和他们的女儿。他们付出了努力，是竞选团的重要成员。副总统聪明睿智、正直高贵，我为跟他共事感到自豪。

我感谢优秀的竞选团，感谢你们所有人付出的努力。你们的勤奋和智慧每天都给我留下了深刻的印象。

我感谢全国上下成千上万名支持者，感谢你们在竞选集会上的拥抱、祈祷和亲切言语，感谢你们想方设法打出标语，呼吁邻居前去投票。

正是由于你们付出了惊人的努力，我们今天才能庆祝胜利。

俗话说，不要祈求能力所能胜任的任务，要祈求能胜任任务的能力。在四年历史性时期，美国被赋予了伟大的任务，并以实力和勇气面对这些任务。我国人民使经济活力复苏，并在新型战争中显示出决心和耐心。我军已经将敌人绳之以法，给美国带来了荣誉。我国保卫了自己，维护了全人类的自由。领导这样出色的国家，我感到自豪；带领这个国家前进，我感到自豪。

我们已经完成了艰难的任务，进入了充满希望的时期。我们将继续推动经济增长，改革落后的税法，为下一代加强社会保障。我们将尽量改善公立学校，维护在家庭和信仰方面的核心价值观。

我们将帮助伊拉克和阿富汗建立民主制度„„，以便他们增强实力和维护自由。然后，我军官兵将带着他们获得的荣誉回国。在优秀盟国的支持下，我们将动用美国的一切力量打赢这场反恐战争，确保我们的孩子们的自由与和平。

要实现这些目标，美国公民的广泛支持是必不可缺的。因此今天，我要对支持对手的所有人说，为了让美国变得更强大更美好，我需要你们的支持，我也将努力获得你们的支持，并将竭尽所能以担当得起你们的支持。

新一届任期使我有机会影响整个国家。正是同一个国家、同一部宪法和同一个未来把我们联系到了一起。当我们一起努力的时候，美国的前途无可限量。

作为结束语，请允许我向得克萨斯州人民讲几句话：我们彼此认识的时间最长，你们是我旅程的起点。在得州广阔无垠的平原上，我初次学到了美国的特点：强壮有力、真诚坦率，充满了黎明般的希望。我将永远感谢这个州的优秀人民。不管前方的路怎么样，这条路都将带我回家。

选举已经结束，美利坚合众国将充满自信地前进。我看到我们的国家正迎来伟大的日子，很期待下一周的开始。

愿上帝保佑你们，保佑美国！

“在希望中欢乐，在苦难中忍耐”

—肯尼迪总统 1961 年就职演讲词（节选）

导语： 2005 年 1 月 20 日，美国将举行隆重盛大的总统就职典礼，届时小布什将宣誓连任总统并发表演说。就职演说已成为历届总统宣誓就职典礼中的一道亮丽的风景线，其中不乏激励人心、催人奋进的精彩之作，1961年肯尼迪总统发表的就职演说就是一例。他那句最为人称道的名言“不要问国家能为你们做些什么，而是要问你们能为国家做些什么”仍回响在一代美国人的心中。

“Rejoicing in Hope, Patient in Tribulation”

— John F.Kennedy's inaugural address in 1961(Excerpts)We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom--symbolizing an end as well as a beginning--signifying renewal as well as change.我们今天庆祝的并不是一次政党的胜利，而是一次自由的庆典；它象征着结束，也象征着开始；它意味着更新，也意味着变革。

We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution.Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans--born in this century, tempered 1 by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage--and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing 2 of those human rights to which this nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.今天我们不敢忘记，我们是第一次革命的继承人。此时此地，让我们的朋友和敌人都知道，这支火炬已传交新一代的美国人，他们出生在本世纪，经历过战争的锻炼，受到过严酷而艰苦的和平的熏陶；他们为我们的古老传统而骄傲，而不愿目睹或容许人权逐步被剥夺。我国一向致力于保护人权，今天在国内和全世界我们仍将如此。

Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.让每一个国家知道，不管它是祝福我们还是心存敌意，我们愿不惜一切代价，承担任何重任，忍受任何艰辛，支持任何朋友，反对任何敌人，以确保自由的生存与实现。

This much we pledge--and more.对此我们郑重承诺——而且还不止此。

To those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share, we pledge the loyalty of faithful friends.United there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures.Divided there is little we can do--for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds 3 and split asunder 4.对于那些和我们拥有共同文化和精神渊源的昔日盟友，我们保证以挚友之诚相待。只要团结，我们共同的事业则无往而不利。倘若分裂，我们则无可作为，因为我们在意见分歧、各行其是的情况下，是不敢应付强大挑战的。

To those new states whom we welcome to the ranks of the free, we pledge our word that one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron tyranny.We shall not always expect to find them supporting our view.But we shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedom--and to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.对于那些新加入自由行列的国家，我们保证，一种殖民统治形式的消失决不是为了被另一种更为残酷的暴政取而代之。我们不能指望他们会一直认同我们的观点，但我们始终希望他们能坚决维护自身的自由——不要忘记，过去那些骑在虎背上耀武扬威的人，结果反落虎口。

To those people in the huts and villages of half the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves, for whatever period is required.If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich.对于那些住在布满半个地球的茅舍和乡村中、奋力打破普遍贫困桎梏的人们，我们保证尽最大努力帮助其自救，不管需要多长时间——自由社会若不能帮助众多的穷人，也就不能保全少数的富人。

Finally, to those nations who would make themselves our adversary, we offer not a pledge but a request: that both sides begin anew the quest for peace, before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf 5 all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction.最后，对于那些敌对国家，我们所要提供的不是保证，而是请求：双方重新着手寻求和平，不要等到科学释放出的毁灭性力量在有意或无意中使全人类沦于自我毁灭。

All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.Nor will it be finished in the first one thousand days, nor in the life of this Administration, nor even perhaps in our lifetime on this planet.But let us begin.凡此种种不会在最初的一百天中完成，不会在最初的一千天中完成，不会在本届政府任期中完成，甚至也不会在我们的有生之年完成。但让我们从现在开始。

In your hands, my fellow citizens, more than mine, will rest the final success or failure of our course.Since this country was founded, each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty.The graves of young Americans who answered the call to service surround the globe.同胞们，我们事业的最终成败，主要不是掌握在我手里，而是取决于你们手中。自建国以来，每一代美国人都曾受到召唤，宣誓效忠祖国。而应召入伍的美国军人的坟冢遍布全球。

Now the trumpet summons us again--not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need--not as a call to battle, though embattled we are--but a call to bear the burden of a long twilight struggle, year in and year out, “rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation 6 ”--a struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease and war itself.现在那号角正再度召唤我们——不是号召我们拿起武器，尽管武器是必不可少的；不是号召我们投入战斗，尽管我们正严阵以待；那是号召我们年复一年肩负起漫长黎明前的斗争重任，“在希望中欢乐，在苦难中忍耐”；这是一场对抗人类公敌——暴政、贫困、疾病以及战争本身——的斗争。

Can we forge against these enemies a grand and global alliance, North and South, East and West, that can assure a more fruitful life for all mankind? Will you join in that historic effort?

我们能否结成一个全球性的大联盟——其成员遍及东西南北——来对付这些敌人，来确保全人类享有更为富裕的生活 ? 你们是否愿意参与这项历史性的壮举 ? In the long history of the world, only a few generations have been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger.I do not shrink from this responsibility--I welcome it.I do not believe that any of us would exchange places with any other people or any other generation.The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it--and the glow from that fire can truly light the world.在世界悠久历史中，只有少数几代人被赋予了在自由面临最大危险时捍卫自由的使命。我不会在这种责任面前临阵退缩；我欢迎它。我相信我们当中没有人会和任何其他人或一代人调换位置。我们在这场努力中所献出的精力、信念与献身精神将照亮我们的国家以及所有为国家服务的人，而这团火焰所发出的光辉必能照亮全世界。

And so, my fellow Americans: ask not what your country can do for you--ask what you can do for your country.所以，同胞们：不要问国家能为你们做些什么，而要问你们能为国家做些什么。

My fellow citizens of the world: ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man.全世界的公民：不要问美国能为你们做些什么，而应问我们一起能为人类的自由做些什么。

Finally, whether you are citizens of America or citizens of the world, ask of us here the same high standards of strength and sacrifice which we ask of you.With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love, asking His blessing and His help, but knowing that here on earth God's work must truly be our own.最后，不管你是美国公民或别国公民，请用我们要求你们贡献力量与做出牺牲的同样的高标准来要求我们。我们唯一可回报的是问心无愧，让历史来最后裁决我们的行为吧，让我们一同向前，领导我们挚爱的国家，企求上帝的保佑与扶携，但我们知道，在这个世界上，上帝的任务是我们所应肩负的真正使命。

第五篇：肯尼迪总统就职演讲

今天我们庆祝的不是政党的胜利，而是自由的胜利。这象征着一个结束，也象征着一个开端；意味着延续也意味着变革。因为我已在你们和全能的上帝面前，宣读了我们的先辈在170多年前拟定的庄严誓言。

现在的世界已大不相同了。人类的巨手掌握着既能消灭人间的各种贫困，又能毁灭人间的各种生活的力量。但我们的先辈为之奋斗的那些革命信念，在世界各地仍然有着争论。这个信念就是：人的权利并非来自国家的慷慨，而是来自上帝恩赐。

今天，我们不敢忘记我们是第一次革命的继承者。让我们的朋友和敌人同样听见我此时此地的讲话：火炬已经传给新一代美国人。这一代人在本世纪诞生，在战争中受过锻炼，在艰难困苦的和丅平时期受过陶冶，他们为我国悠久的传统感到自豪－－他们不愿目睹或听任我国一向保证的、今天仍在国内外作出保证的人权渐趋毁灭。

让每个国家都知道－－不论它希望我们繁荣还是希望我们衰落－－为确保自由的存在和自由的胜利，我们将付出任何代价，承受任何负担，应付任何艰难，支持任何朋友，反抗任何敌人。

这些就是我们的保证－－而且还有更多的保证。

对那些和我们有着共同文化和精神渊源的老盟友、我们保证待以诚实朋友那样的忠诚。我们如果团结一致，就能在许多合作事业中无往不胜；我们如果分歧对立，就会一事无成－－因为我们不敢在争吵不休、四分五裂时迎接强大的挑战。

对那些我们欢迎其加入到自由丅行列中来的新国家，我们格守我们的誓言：决不让一种更为残酷的暴政来取代一种消失的殖民统治。我们并不总是指望他们会支持我们的观点。但我们始终希望看到他们坚强地维护自己的自由－－而且要记住，在历史上，凡愚蠢地狐假虎威者，终必葬身虎口。

对世界各地身居茅舍和乡村、为摆脱普遍贫困而斗争的人们，我们保证尽最大努力帮助他们自立，不管需要花多长时间－－之所以这样做，并不是因为共丅产党可能正在这样做，也不是因为我们需要他们的选票，而是因为这样做是正确的。自由社会如果不能帮助众多的穷人，也就无法挽救少数富人。

对我国南面的姐妹共和国，我们提出一项特殊的保证－－在争取进步的新同盟中，把我们善意的话变为善意的行动，帮助自由的人们和自由的政丅府摆脱贫困的枷锁。但是，这种充满希望的和丅平革命决不可以成为敌对国家的牺牲品。我们要让所有邻国都知道，我们将和他们在一起，反对在美洲任何地区进行侵略和颠覆活动。让所有其他国家都知道，本半球的人仍然想做自己家园的主人。

对联合国，主丅权国家的世界性议事机构，我们在战争手段大大超过和丅平手段的时代里最后的、最美好的希望所在，我们重申予以支持：防止它仅仅成为谩骂的场所；加强它对新生国家和弱小国家的保护；扩大它的行使法令的管束范围。

最后，对那些与我们作对的国家，我们提出一个要求而不是一项保证：在科学释放出可怕的破坏力量，把全人类卷入预谋的或意外的自我毁灭的深渊之前，让我们双方重新开始寻求和丅平。

我们不敢以怯弱来引诱他们。因为只有当我们毫无疑问地拥有足够的军备，我们才能毫无疑问地确信永远不会使用这些军备。

但是，这两个强大的国家集团都无法从目前所走的道路中得到安慰－－发展现代武器所需的费用使双方负担过重，致命的原子武器的不断扩散理所当然使双方忧心忡忡，但是，双方却争着改变那制止人类发动最后战争的不稳定的恐怖均势。

因此，让我们双方重新开始－－双方都要牢记，礼貌并不意味着怯弱，诚意永远有待于验证。让我们决不要由于畏惧而谈判。但我们决不能畏惧谈判。

让双方都来探讨使我们团结起来的问题，而不要操劳那些使我们分裂的问题。

让双方首次为军备检查和军备控制制订认真而又明确的提案，把毁灭他国的绝对力量置于所有国家的绝对控制之下。

让双方寻求利用科学的奇迹，而不是乞灵于科学造成的恐怖。让我们一起探索星球，征服沙漠，根除疾患，开发深海，并鼓励艺术和商业的发展。

让双方团结起来，在全世界各个角落倾听以赛亚的训令－－“解下轭上的索，使被欺压的得自由。”（注：《圣经·旧约全书·以塞亚书》第58章6节。）

如果合作的滩头阵地能逼退猜忌的丛林，那么就让双方共同作一次新的努力；不是建立一种新的均势，而是创造一个新的法治世界，在这个世界中，强者公正，弱者安全、和丅平将得到维护。

所有这一切不可能在今后一百天内完成，也不可能在今后一千天或者在本届政丅府任期内完成，甚至也许不可能在我们居住在这个星球上的有生之年内完成。但是，让我们开始吧。

公民们，我们方针的最终成败与其说掌握在我手中，不如说掌握在你们手中。自从合众国建立以来，每一代美国人都曾受到召唤去证明他们对国家的忠诚。响应召唤而献身的美国青年的坟墓遍及全球。

现在，号角已再次吹响－－不是召唤我们拿起武器，虽然我们需要武器；不是召唤我们去作战，虽然我们严阵以待。它召唤我们为迎接黎明而肩负起漫长斗争的重任，年复一年，从希望中得到欢乐，在磨难中保持耐性，对付人类共同的敌人－－专制、社团、疾病和战争本身。

为反对这些敌人，确保人类更为丰裕的生活，我们能够组成一个包括东西南北各方的全球大联盟吗？你们愿意参加这一历史性的努力吗？

在漫长的世界历史中，只有少数几代人在自由处于最危急的时刻被赋予保卫自由的责任。我不会推卸这一责任，我欢迎这一责任。我不相信我们中间有人想同其他人或其他时代的人交换位置。我们为这一努力所奉献的精力、信念和忠诚，将照亮我们的国家和所有为国效劳的人，而这火焰发出的光芒定能照亮全世界。

因此，美国同胞们，不要问国家能为你们做些什么，而要问你们能为国家做些什么。

全世界的公民们，不要问美国将为你们做些什么，而要问我们共同能为人类的自由做些什么。

最后，不论你们是美国公民还是其他国家的公民，你们应要求我们献出我们同样要求于你们的高度力量和牺牲。问心无愧是我们唯一可靠的奖赏，历史是我们行动的最终裁判，让我们走向前去，引导我们所热爱的国家。我们祈求上帝的福佑和帮助，但我们知道，确切地说，上帝在尘世的工作必定是我们自己的工作