第一篇:“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解
“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解
“It” 用法及其句型和固定搭配,是高中英语语法的重点、难点,又是近几年高考的热点,因此应给予充分的重视,现将it用法归纳如下:
一、It用作实词
表达以下概念:指代前文提到的事物,前文中的this,that;替代前文中的内容;指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人;指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事;指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象„„
二、It用作形式主语
替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
It 作形式主语的常见句型:
1.代作主语的动词不定式,其句型为
(1)It be adj.(for sb.)to do sth.此处adj.通常为描述事件的形容词:easy,difficult,hard,necessary,unnecessary,possible,impossible,likely,unlikely,right,wrong,important,unimportant,legal,illegal,well-mannered,ill-mannered,polite,impolite,clear,obvious,certain,suitable,proper,fit,useful,useless,dangerous„
例
It is illegal(for a teenager)to drive a car without a license.(2)It be adj.of sb.to do sth.此处adj.通常为描述人的形容词:kind,unkind,nice,rude,cruel,considerate,thoughtful,thoughtless,careful,careless,silly,foolish,stupid,clever,wise,crazy.例
It's kind of you to help me with the problem.(3)It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型
It's no good/use doing„
It's(well)worth doing„
It's(well)worth one's while doing/to do„
It's(well)worth while doing/ to do
例
It's no use crying over spilt milk.2.It替代作主语的从句常见句型
(1)It is + noun +从句
例
It is no secret that the president wants to have a second term at office.(2)It is adj.+clause
It's surprising that„(should)„
„„竟然„„
It's a pity/shame that„(should)„
„„竟然„„
例
It's important that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.(=It's of much importance that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.)
(3)It verb sb.+ clause= It is v-ing + clause
It+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze
/bother/concern/frighten/please/anger sb.that„
例
It worried me that she drove so fast.(= It was worrying that she drove so fast.)
(4)It verb(to sb.)that„= sb/sth verb to do
(verb = appear,seem,come about,emerge,follow,chance,happen,occur,transpire,turn out,work out)
例
It(so)happened/chanced that they were out.(= They happened/chanced to be out.)
(5)It is v-ed that„=sb/sth is to do
(verb=say,report,think,believe,hope,expect,agree,accept,decide,determine,intend,plan,understand,know)
例
It is said that the couple have gotten divorced.(=The couple are said to have gotten divorced.)
(6)It is v-ed that „(should)„
(verb=demand,request,require,order,suggest,advise,recommend
例
It is suggested that they should begin with the third question.“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解
2007-05-01 17:14:05.0中国高中生网(http://www.xiexiebang.com)
三、It作主语的句型
1.It takes sb.„ to do„(=sb takes„to do„)某人用多长时间做某事
例
It took the men a week to mend our roof.(= The men took a week to mend our roof.)
2.It's(just)(un)like sb.to do„(不)像某人做某事的风格
例
It was(just)like him to think of helping us.3.It's(about/high)time that„ should /v-ed„是该做某事的时候了
例
It's(about/high)time that we should take action.4.It's the x-th time(that)„ have v-ed„第几次做某事了
例
It's the third time that he has failed the driving test.5.It is/has been„ since „continuous v-ed(延续性动词)某动作已有多长时间不发生了
例
It's 10 years that he lived here 6.It was(not)„ before„过(不)了多长时间某动作发生了 例
It was not long before they arrived.四、It 作形式宾语
用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
It 作形式宾语的常见句型:
1.verb+ it+ adj./noun(for/of)to do/clause(verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep„)
例
I think it hard for you to do the task on your own./I think it hard that you'll do the task on your own.2.verb+it+adj./noun(one's)doing(adj.=useless/worth/worthwhile)(noun=no use/no good/worth one's while/a waste of time/money/energy/words)(verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep„)
例
I'll make it worth your while telling me about his secret.3.verb+it+ important/unimportant/necessary/unnecessary/natural/essential that „(should)„
verb+it+of much/great/no/little importance that„(should)„
(verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep„)
例
I think it important that you(should)attendthe conference.4.verb + it+ as+ noun/adj.+ clause(verb=accept,regard,take,see,view)
例
The lecturer takes it as encouraging when so many students attend his lecture.5.v.+it + prep.+ that„
owe it to sb.that„把„归功于„
leave it to sb that„把„留给某人去做 take it for granted that „想当然 keep it in mind that„
例
Don't bother to arrange anything.Just leave it to me to sort out.6.It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面,尤其是表示好恶的动词后,enjoy,like,love,dislike,resent,hate,don't mind,be fond of,feel like,see to 宾语从句紧跟it之后
例
I hate it you can swim so well and I can't.7.It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的介词后面,宾语从句紧跟it之后(except that例外)
例
I'm for it that you will follow their advice.五、强调句型
It is/was+被强调部分+ that(who)„ 强调句型用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。当被强调部分是人时也可以用who.在使用强调句型时需注意以下几点:
1.请注意强调句型的特殊疑问句
例
When was it that he changed his mind to take part in the activity?
2.在强调原因状语从句时,只能强调由because所引导的从句
例
It was because he was ill that he didn't come to school yesterday.3.在强调not „ until结构时必须把not与until一起放到被强调的位置上
例
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was my brother.4.注意强调句型与定语从句的区别
例
It was at 7 o'clock that he came here yesterday.(强调句型)
It was 7 o'clock when he came here yesterday.(定语从句)
六、It 常用的固定搭配
1.make it
(1)在口语当中相当于succeed,表示:成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达
例
It's hard to make it to the top in show business.(2)在口语中相当于fix the date for,表示“约定好时间”
例
—Shall we meet next week?
—OK.We just make it next Saturday.2.as it is
(1)相当于in fact,in reality表示“事实上,实际情况是„„”
例
We had planed to finish the task today,but as it is we probably won't finish it until next week.(2)相当于方式状语从句,表示“照原样”
例
Leave the table as it is.3.as it were
相当于as one might say,that is to say,表示“也就是说,可以说,换句话说”
例
He is,as it were,a modern Sherlock Holmes.4.if it weren't for„/if it hadn't been for„
用来引导虚拟语气,相当于without,or but for,表示“如果不是„„,要不是„„”
例
If it weren't for Tom,I wouldn't be alive today.5.that's it
(1)相当于That's all.That's so much.表示“至此为止,没有别的了”
例
You can have one more sweet,and that's it.(2)相当于 That's right.表示“对啦”
例
— I guess the key to the problem is thechoice “A”
—That's it.6.catch it
在口语中,相当于be punished/scolded for doing sth.wrong.表示“因做错事而挨骂,受责备,受批评,受惩罚”
例
We'll really catch it form our teacher if we're late for class again.7.have it
(1)相当于say,insist表示“说,主张,表明,硬说”
例
Rumour has it that they are getting divorced.(2)相当于get to know something,表示“了解,知道,获悉”
例
I had it from John that she was going abroad.8.have what it takes 在口语中,相当于be well qualified for,表示“具有成功的条件”
例
You can take it from me that your daughter has what it takes to be a star.9.so it seems / appears.10.Keep at it!(Don't give up!)
相当于go on,表示“继续做,不放弃”
例
My teacher asked me to keep at it.11.Go it!(Go on!)拼命干,莽撞
12.Now you have done it!(You have done sth.wrong.)13.Now you'll catch it!(You'll be punished.)14.As it happened,„
在口语中,相当于it's a pity that„,表示“真不凑巧,真遗憾”
例
As it happened,they were out.15.As it turned out,„
在口语中,相当于it was found to be in the end,表示“最后被证明是”
例
As it turned out,his statement was false.16.Such as it is(they are)
在口语中,相当于although it may not be worth much,表示“虽然没有多大价值”
例
You can borrow my exam notebook,such as it is.17.Take it/things easy.相当于Don't worry or don't hurry.用来劝告别人,表示“不要慌,别担心,存住气”
例
Take it easy!He will do it well.18.Take it from me.在口语中,相当于believe me what I say.表示“请相信我的话,我敢担保”
例
You can take it from me that he will make it this time.19.For what it is worth„
在口语中,相当于although I'm not sure it's of value,表示“不管其价值如何”
例
Here is the article I promise you,for what it's worth.20.Worth it
在口语中,相当于useful,表示“有好处,值得做”
例
Don't hesitate about it!It's worth it.21.Believe it or not.表示“信不信由你”
例
Believe it or not,Tom is getting married to Mary next Sunday.22.Take it or leave it.v.要么接受要么放弃
例
That is my last offer.You can take it or leave it.23.It all depends/that all depends
在口语中,相当于it hasn't been decided yet,表示“那得看情况,还没有定下来”
例
—Are you going to the countryside for holiday?
—It/That all depends.24.It's up to sb.在口语中,相当于it's decided by sb.表示“由„„决定,由„„负责,取决于„„”
例
—Shall we go out for dinner?
—It's up to you。
第二篇:初中英语动词的用法及固定搭配总结
一、接不定式(而不接动名词)作宾语的24个常用动词
afford to do sth.担负得起做某事
agree to do sth.赞同做某事 arrange to do sth.布置做某事
ask to do sth.要求做某事 beg to do sth.恳求做某事
care to do sth.想要做某事 choose to do sth.决议做某事
decide to do sth.决议做某事 demand to do sth.要求做某事
determine to do sth.决计做某事 expect to do sth.等待做某事
fear to do sth.惧怕做某事 help to do sth.协助做某事
hope to do sth.希望做某事
learn to do sth.学习做某事
manage to do sth.设法做某事 offer to do sth.自动提出做某事
plan to do sth.方案做某事 prepare to do sth.预备做某事
pretend to do sth.伪装做某事 promise to do sth.容许做某事
refuse to do sth.回绝做某事 want to do sth.想要做某事
wish to do sth.希望做某事
注:有些不及物动词后习气上也接不定式,不接动名词:
aim to do sth.计划做某事
fail to do sth.未能做某事
long to do sth.盼望做某事
happen to do sth.碰巧做某事 hesitate to do sth.犹疑做某事
struggle to do sth.努力做某事
二、接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词
advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事
allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 ask sb.to do sth.请(叫)某人做某事
bear sb.to do sth.忍耐某人做某事 beg sb.to do sth.恳求某人做某事
cause sb.to do sth.招致某人做某事command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事
drive sb.to do sth.驱使某人做某事 elect sb.to do sth.选举某人做某事
encourage sb.to do sth.鼓舞某人做某事 expect sb.to do sth.希冀某人做某事
forbid sb.to do sth.制止某人做某事 force sb.to do sth.强迫某人做某事
get sb.to do sth.使(要)某人做某事 hate sb.to do sth.厌恶某人做某事
help sb.to do sth.协助某人做某事
intend sb.to do sth.计划要某人做某事
invite sb.to do sth.约请某人做某事 leave sb.to do sth.留下某人做某事
like sb.to do sth.喜欢某人做某事 mean sb.to do sth.计划要某人做某事
need sb.to do sth.需求某人做某事 oblige sb.to do sth.迫使某人做某事
order sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事 permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事
persuade sb.to do sth.压服某人做某事 prefer sb.to do sth.宁愿某人做某事
request sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事 remind sb.to do sth.提示某人做某事
teach sb.to do sth.教某人做某事 tell sb.to do sth.通知某人做某事
train sb.to do sth.训练某人做某事 trouble sb.to do sth.费事某人做某事
want sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事 warn sb.to do sth.正告某人做某事
wish sb.to do sth.希望某人做某事
注:不要受汉语意思的影响而误用以下动词句型: 汉语说:“惧怕某人做某事”,但英语不说fear sb.to do sth.。汉语说:“原谅某人做某事”,但英语不说excuse [forgive] sb.to do sth.。汉语说:“回绝某人做某事”,但英语不说refuse sb.to do sth.。汉语说:“惩罚某人做某事”,但英语不说punish sb.to do sth.。汉语说:“建议某人做某事”,但英语不说suggest [propose] sb.to do sth.。汉语说:“赞成某人做某事”,但英语不说approve sb.to do sth.。汉语说:“告诉某人做某事”,但英语不说inform sb.to do sth.。汉语说:“欢送某人做某事”,但英语不说welcome sb.to do sth.。汉语说:“坚持某人做某事”,但英语不说insist [persist] sb.to do sth.。汉语说:“希望某人做某事”,但英语不说hope sb.to do sth.。汉语说:“布置某人做某事”,但英语不说arrange sb.to do sth.。汉语说:“要求某人做某事”,但英语不说demand sb.to do sth.。汉语说:“感激某人做某事”,但英语不说thank sb.to do sth.。汉语说:“恭喜某人做某事”,但英语不说congratulate sb.to do sth.汉语说:“阻止某人做某事”,但英语不说prevent sb.to do sth.。
要表示以上意思,可换用其他表达: 汉语的“原谅某人做某事”,英语可说成excuse [forgive] sb.for doing sth.。汉语的“希望某人做某事”,英语可说成wish sb.to do sth.。汉语的“建议某人做某事”,英语可说成advise sb.to do sth.。
汉语的“布置某人做某事”,英语可说成arrange for sb.to do sth.。汉语的“要求某人做某事”,英语可说成demand of sb.to do sth.。汉语的“感激某人做某事”,英语可说成thank sb.for doing sth.。汉语的“恭喜某人做某事”,英语可说成congratulate sb.on doing sth.。
汉语的“阻止某人做某事”,英语可说成prevent sb.from doing sth.。
三、接动名词(不接不定式)作宾语的34个常用动词
admit doing sth.供认做某事
advise doing sth.建议做某事 allow doing sth.允许做某事
appreciate doing sth.感谢做某事 avoid doing sth.防止做某事
consider doing sth.思索做某事 delay doing sth.推延做某事
deny doing sth.否认做某事
discuss doing sth.讨论做某事
dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
escape doing sth.逃脱做某事 excuse doing sth.原谅做某事
fancy doing sth.想象做某事 finish doing sth.完成做某事
forbid doing sth.制止做某事 forgive doing sth.原谅做某事
give up doing sth.保持做某事 imagine doing sth.想象做某事
keep doing sth.坚持做某事 mention doing sth.提及做某事
mind doing sth.介意做某事 miss doing sth.错过做某事
pardon doing sth.原谅做某事 permit doing sth.允许做某事
practice doing sth.练习做某事 prevent doing sth.阻止做某事
prohibit doing sth.制止做某事 put off doing sth.推延做某事
report doing sth.报告做某事 risk doing sth.冒险做某事
stop doing sth.中止做某事
suggest doing sth.建议做某事
understand doing sth.了解做某事
四、接如今分词作宾补的20个常用动词
bring sb.doing sth.惹起某人做某事
catch sb.doing sth.碰上(撞上)某人做某事 discover sb.doing sth.发现某人做某事
feel sb.doing sth.觉得某人做某事 find sb.doing sth.碰上(撞上)某人做某事
get sb.doing sth.使某人做某事 have sb.doing sth.使某人做某事
hear sb.doing sth.听见某人做某事 keep sb.doing sth.使某人不停地做某事
listen to sb.doing sth.听某人做某事 look at sb.doing sth.看着某人做某事
notice sb.doing sth.留意到某人做某事 observe sb.doing sth.察看某人做某事
prevent sb.doing sth.阻止某人做某事 see sb.doing sth.看见某人做某事
send sb.doing sth.使某人(忽然)做某事
set sb.doing sth.使(惹起)某人做某事 start sb.doing sth.使某人开端做某事
stop sb.doing sth.阻止某人做某事 watch sb.doing sth.察看某人做某事
五、接动词原形作宾补的11个常用动词
feel sb.do sth.觉得某人做某事
have sb.do sth.使某人做某事 hear sb.do sth.听见某人做某事
let sb.do sth.让某人做某事
listen to sb.do sth.听着某人做某事
look at sb.do sth.看着某人做某事 make sb.do sth.使某人做某事
notice sb.do sth.留意某人做某事 observe sb.do sth.察看某人做某事
see sb.do sth.看见某人做某事 watch sb.do sth.察看某人做某事
六、接不定式或动名词作宾语意思相反的12个动词 like to do sth / like doing sth.喜欢做某事 love to do sth / love doing sth.喜欢做某事 hate to do sth / hate doing sth.憎恶做某事 prefer to do sth / prefer doing sth.宁可做某事 begin to do sth / begin doing sth.开端做某事 start to do sth / start doing sth.开端做某事
continue to do sth / continue doing sth.持续做某事
can’t bear to do sth / can’t bear doing sth.不能忍耐做某事 bother to do sth / bother doing sth.费事做某事 intend to do sth / intend doing sth.想要做某事 attempt to do sth / attempt doing sth.试图做某事 cease to do sth / cease doing sth.中止做某事
七、接不定式或动名词作宾语意思不同的7个动词
(1)remember to do sth.记住要做某事 remember doing sth.记住曾做过某事(2)forget to do sth.遗忘要做某事 forget doing sth.遗忘曾做过某事
(3)regret to do sth.懊悔(遗憾)要做某事 regret doing sth.懊悔(遗憾)曾做过某事(4)try to do sth.设法要做某事
try doing sth.做某事试试看有何效果
(5)mean to do sth.计划做某事 mean doing sth.意味着做某事
(6)can’t help to do sth.不能协助做某事 can’t help doing sth.禁不住做某事
(7)go on to do sth.做完某预先接着做另一事 go on doing sth.持续做不断在做的事
注:stop to do sth.与stop doing sth.也不同,前者指停上去去做某事,后者指中止正在做的事
初中词组
一、动词词组(包括短语动词)、介词词组和其他词组
(一)由be构成的词组
1)be back/in/out 回来/在家/外出
2)be at home/work 在家/上班
3)be good at 善于,擅长于
4)be careful of 当心,注意,仔细 5)be covered with 被……复盖
6)be ready for 为……作好准备 7)be surprised(at)对……感到惊讶
8)be interested in 对……感到举
9)be born 出生
10)be on 在进行,在上演,(灯)亮着 11)be able to do sth.能够做……
12)be afraid of(to do sth.that…)害怕……(不敢做……,恐怕……)13)be angry with sb.生(某人)的气14)be pleased(with)对……感到高兴(满意)
15)be famous for 以……而著名
16)be strict in(with)(对工作、对人)严格要求
17)be from 来自……,什么地方人 18)be hungry/thirsty/tired 饿了/渴了/累了
19)be worried 担忧 20)be(well)worth doing(非常)值得做……
21)be covered with 被……所覆盖……
22)be in(great)need of(很)需要 23)be in trouble 处于困境中
24)be glad to do sth.很高兴做…… 25)be late for ……迟到
26)be made of(from)由……制成 27)be satisfied with 对……感到满意
28)be free 空闲的,有空
29)be(ill)in bed 卧病在床
30)be busy doing(with)忙于做……(忙于……)
(二)由come、do、get、give、go、have、help、keep、make、look、put、set、send、take、turn、play等动词构成的词组
1)come back 回来 2)come down 下来 3)come in 进入,进来4)come on 快,走吧,跟我来
5)come out出来
6)come out of 从……出来 7)come up 上来
8)come from 来自…… 9)do one's lessons/homework 做功课/回家作业
10)do more speaking/reading 多做口头练习/朗读
11)do one's best 尽力 12)do some shopping(cooking reading, cleaning)买东西(做饭菜,读点书,大扫除)13)do a good deed(good deeds)做一件好事(做好事)14)do morning exercises 做早操
15)do eye exercises 做眼保健操 16)do well in 在……某方面干得好
17)get up 起身 18)get everything ready 把一切都准备好
19)get ready for(=be ready for)为……作好准备
20)get on(well)with 与……相处(融洽)
21)get back 返回
22)get rid of 除掉,去除 23)get in 进入,收集
24)get on/off 上/下车 25)get to 到达 26)get there 到达那里
27)give sb.a call 给……打电话 28)give a talk 作报告
29)give a lecture(a piano concert)作讲座(举行钢琴音乐会)
30)give back 归还,送回 31)give……some advice on 给……一些忠告
32)give lessons to 给……上课 33)give in 屈服 34)give up 放弃
35)give sb.a chance 给……一次机会 36)give a message to…… 给……一个口信
37)go ahead 先走,向前走,去吧,干吧
38)go to the cinema 看电影 39)go go bed 睡觉(make the bed 整理床铺)40)go to school(college)上学(上大学)
41)go to(the)hospital 去医院看病 42)go over 过一遍,复习/ go over to 朝……走去
43)go fishing/skating/swimming/shopping 去钩鱼/滑冰/游泳/买东
44)go home(there)回家去(去那儿)
45)go round 顺便去,绕道走
46)go up 上去 47)go out for a walk 外出散步
48)go on(doing)继续(做……)49)go on with one's work 继续某人的工作
50)go upstairs/downstairs 上/下楼
51)(the lights)go out(灯)熄了 52)have a lesson(lessons)/a meeting 上课/开会
53)have a football match(basketball match)举行一场足球(蓝球)赛 54)have dictation 听见
55)have a try 试一试
56)have a good/wonderful time 玩得很高兴
57)have a lecture(a piano concert)听讲座(听钢琴音乐会)58)have a report(talk)on 听一个关于……的报告
59)have a glass of water(a cup of tea)喝一杯水,(一杯茶)60)have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭
61)have a meal(three meals)吃一顿饭(三餐饭)
62)have a dinner 吃正餐 63)have bread and milk for breakfast 早饭吃面包和牛奶
64)have(have got)a headache 头痛
65)have a fever 发烧
66)have a cough(a cold)咳嗽(感冒)
67)have a look(at)看一看…… 68)have a rest(a break)休息一会儿(工间或课间休息)
69)have a talk 谈话 70)have a swim/walk 游泳/散步
71)have sports 进行体育锻炼 72)have a sports meet(meeting)开运动会 73)have something done 让人(请人)做……
74)have a test/an exam 测验/考试
75)have an idea 有了个主意 76)had better do sth.(not do sth.)最好做……(最好不要做……)77)have a word with 与……谈几句话
78)help sb.with sth.help sb.do sth.在……方面帮助…… 帮助……做 79)help oneself to some chicken/fish/meat 请随便吃点鸡/鱼/肉
80)help each other 互相帮助
81)keep up with 跟上……,不落后于……
82)keep silent/quiet 保持沉默/安静 83)keep sb.doing sth.使……一直做……
84)keep one's diary 记日记 85)make a noise(a lot of noise, much noise, noises)吵闹(十分嘈杂,响声)86)make a living 谋生
87)make sb.do sth.迫使某人做……
88)make faces(a face)做鬼脸
89)make friends(with)与……交朋友
90)make a mistake(mistakes)犯错误 91)make room/space for 给……腾出地方
92)make a sentence(sentences)with 用……造句
93)make a fire 生火 94)be made from/of 由……制成 95)be made in 在……地方制造 96)look out of(outside)往外看(看外面)97)look up a word(in the dictionary)查字典
98)look up 往上看,仰望 99)look after 照管,照看,照顾
100)look for 寻找 101)look like 看上去像
102)look fine/well/tired/worried 看起来气色好/健康/疲劳/忧虑
103)look out 当心,小心 104)look on …as… 把……当作……看待
105)look around 朝四周看
106)look at 看着…… 107)put on 穿上(衣服),戴上(帽子),上演(戏剧)108)put up 建造,搭起,挂起,举起,张帖
109)put into 使进入,输入
10)put one's heart into 全神贯注于 111)put…down… 把……放下
112)put…into… 把……译成 1 13)set up 竖起,建起 114)set off 出发,动身
115)set out 出发 116)set an example for 为……树立榜样
117)send for 派人去请(叫)118)send out 放出,发出
119)end up 把……往上送,发射
120)take one's advice 听从某人劝告 121)take out 拿出,取出 122)take down 拿下
123)take place 发生 124)take one's place 坐……的座位,代替某人职务
125)take the place of 代替……
126)take a walk/rest 散步/休息 127)take it easy 别紧张
128)take sth.with sb.随身带着 129)take sb.to a park/London for one's holidays 带某人去公园/伦敦度假 130)take care of 关心,照顾,保管
131)take a look(a last look)at 看一看(最后看一眼)132)take an exam 参加考试
133)take away 拿走
134)take back 收回,带回
135)take hold of 抓住…… 136)take off 脱下(衣,帽,鞋等)拿掉
137)take(an active)part in(积极)参加(活动
138)take photos 拍照 139)take some medicine 服药
140)take a bus/train, boat/ 乘公共汽车,火车/船
141)turn on 开,旋开(电灯,收音机等)
142)turn off 关上(电灯,收音机等)143)turn in 交出,上交
144)turn…into… 变成
145)turn to 翻到,转向 146)turn down(把音量)调低
147)turn…over 把……翻过来 148)play basketball 打篮球,football 踢足球,volleyball 打排球
149)play games 做游戏 150)play the piano(the violin)弹钢琴(拉小提琴)
151)play with snow 玩雪 152)play a joke(on)对……开玩笑
(三)由其他动词构成的词组
153)think over 仔细考虑
154)arrive at/in a place 到达某处
155)eat up 吃完,吃光 156)do well in 在……干得好
157)enjoy doing sth.like doing sth.喜欢做某事 喜欢干某事 158)find out 发现,查出(真相等)159)finish off 吃完,喝完
160)stop doing sth.停止做某事
161)stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 162)hold a meting 举行会议
163)hold up 举起
164)hurry up 赶快,快点
165)enter for 报名参加
166)langht at 嘲笑 167)be used to习惯于
168)used to 过去常常 169)wake…up 唤醒
170)work out 算出
二、动词短语、介词短语和其他词组
1)ask for 向……要……,请求
2)ask for leave 请假
3)send for 派人去请(叫)
4)pay for 付……的款
5)wait for 等候 6)thank for 为……感谢
7)apology to sb.for sth.为某事向某人道歉 8)look for 寻找
9)leave…for 离开……去……
10)fall off 跌落 11)catch cold 着凉,伤风
12)catch up with 赶上
13)agree with sb.赞成,同意某人的意见
14)filled……with 把……装满 15)tell sb.about sth.告诉某人某事
16)talk about 谈论……
17)think about 考虑……
18)worry about 担忧……
19)look after 照料 20)run after 追赶,跟在后面跑
21)read after 跟……读 22)smile at 对……微笑
23)knock at 敲(门、窗)24)shout at 对……大喊(嚷)
25)throw away 扔掉 26)work hard at 努力做……
27)wait in line 排队等候
28)change…into… 变成 29)hurry into… 匆忙进入
30)run into… 跑进 31)hear of 听说 32)think of 认为,考虑
33)catch hold of 抓住 34)instead of 代替……
35)hand in 交上来
36)stay in bed 卧病在床
37)hear from 收到……来信
38)at once 立刻 39)at last 最后 40)at first 起先,首先
41)at the age of… 在……岁时
42)at the end of… 在……之末 43)at the beginning of… 在……之初
44)at the foot of… 在……脚下
45)at the same time 同时 46)at night/noon 在夜里/中午
47)with one's help 在某人的帮助下,由于某人的帮助
48)with the help of … 在……的帮助下
49)with a smile 面带笑容 50)with one's own eyes 亲眼看见
51)after a while 过了一会儿 52)from now on 从现在起
53)from then on 从那时起 54)far example 例如
55)far away from 远离 56)from morning till night 从早到晚
57)by and by 不久 58)by air mail 寄航空邮件
59)by ordinary mail 寄平信
60)by the way 顺便说
61)by the window 在窗边 62)by the end of… 到……底为止
63)little by little 逐渐地
64)in all 总共 65)in fact 事实上
66)in one's twenties 在某人二十几岁时
67)in a hurry 匆忙 68)in the middle of 在……中间
69)in no time(in a minute)立刻,很快
70)in time(on time)及时
71)in public 公众,公开地
72)in order to 为了…… 73)in front of 在……前面
74)in the sun 在阳光下 75)in the end 最后,终于
76)in surprise 惊奇地 77)in turn 依次
78)of course 当然 79)a bit(of)有一点儿
80)a lot of 许多
81)on one's way to 某人在去……的路上
82)on foot 步行,走路 83)a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告
84)on the other hand 另一方面 85)at/on the weekend 在周末
86)on the left(right)在左(右)边 87)on the other side of 在……另一边
88)88)on the radio 通过收音机(无线电广播)89)89)to one's joy 使……高兴的是 90)to one's surprise 使……惊讶的是
三、量词词组和其他词组(一)量词词组
1)a bit 一点儿
2)a few(of)一些(可数),几个……
3)a little 一些(不可数)4)a lot of(lots of)许多
5)a piece of 一张(一片,块)
6)a cup of 一茶怀 7)a glass of 一玻璃杯
8)a pile of(piles and piles of)一堆(一堆堆的)……
9)a box of 一盒 10)a copy of 一份,一本
11)a bowl of 一碗
12)a basket of 一篮 13)a plate of 一盘
14)a bottle of 一瓶
15)a basin of 一脸盆 16)a set of 一套
17)a kind of 一种
18)a type of 一种类型的 19)a great deal of 非常多,大量的(不可数名词)20)a large(great)number of 非常多,大量的(可数名词)21)a great many 大量,许多(可数名词)
22)a different type of 一种不同型号的 23)a group of 一队,一组,一群
(二)其他词组
1)all kinds of 各种各样的 2)all over the world/the country 全世界/全国 3)all over 遍及每一部分,浑身
4)all one's life 一生
5)one after another 顺次
6)the Children's Palace 少年宫 7)day after day 日复一日
8)up and down 上上下下
9)the day after tomorrow 后天
10)the day before yesterday 前天
11)the last/past two years(or so)最近两年(左右)12)the whole country/the whole world 全国/全世界13)a moment ago 刚才
14)just now/then 刚才/那时
15)half an hour's walk 步行半小时的路程 16)late on 过后,后来
第三篇:固定搭配总结
do sth.是一般现在式
doing sth.是现在进行式或将来式
to do sth.是动词不定式
一.含有ing句型:
1.keep doing 坚持做某事;继续做某事 2.keep /carry on doing 基本同上 3.keep sb.Doing 让某人一直做某事 4.enjoy doing 喜欢做某事 5.finish doing / sth.完成某事 6.be afraid of doing 害怕某事 7.be worth doing 值得做某事 8.be busy doing 忙于做某事
9.how about doing//what about doing ……是怎么样的?(询问评价用)10.spend some time(in)doing 花费时间做某事 11.spend some money(in)buying 花费金钱买…… 12.feel like doing 基本和want to do同义 想要做某事 13.stop/keep/prevent sb.from doing 阻止某人做某事 14.thank you for doing 为……而感谢你 15.thanks for doing 为……而表示感谢
16.do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing 做饭/做扫除/做阅读/购物/洗衣服 17.go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating 去游泳/去钓鱼/去购物/去滑冰/去划船 18.mind doing 介意做某事
19.prefer doing … to doing… 相比于后者,更喜欢前者 例如: I prefer reading to playing computer games.相比于玩电脑游戏我更喜欢读书
20.can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事
21.have fun/difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth.玩得开心/有困难/有困难(或麻烦)/做某事有困难 22.waste time/money doing 浪费时间/浪费金钱做某事 23.instead of doing 代替做某事 24.miss doing 错过某事
二、含有不带to的动词不定式句型:
1.had better(not)do sth.做好(不)做某事
2.would you please(not)do sth.请你做某事(表请求)例: Would you please go school with me?
你能和我一起去学校吗?
同义的还有:Could you please? Will you please? 3.why not do sth.为什么不做某事?
4.why don’t you do sth.你为什么不做某事?(注意与上面的加以区别,上面的无主语,下面的有主语)5.Shall we do sth.? 我们将要做某事?
6.let sb.do sth.让某人做某事(原文的是let do sth,我查不到这个……好像是错误的,而且考试也不考)let us = let's 7.make/have sb.do sth.使某事做某事(有强迫意味)
三、含有带to的动词不定式句型:
1.It’s time to do sth.该做某事…… 2.It takes sb.some time to do sth.花费某人一些时间做某事(形式主语)3.tell/ask/want/encourage/invite/ sb.to do sth.告诉/让/想要/鼓励/邀请 某人做某事 4.Would you like to do sth.? 你愿意做某事吗? 5.It’s good/bad to do sth.做某事是有好处/不好的
6.It’s good/bad for sb.to do sth.做某事对某人来说是有好处/不好的 7.be+adj.+enough to do sth.足够……做某事了 例如:I'm strong enough to play foot ball.我足够强壮去踢足球了。
8.sb.is ready to do sth.某人准备好做某事
9.It’s+adj.+ for sb.to do sth.对于某人来说,做某事是……的(for sb.可省略,就是做某事是……的,这是形式主语的关键句型)
10.It’s+adj.+ of sb.to do sth.某人能做某事是……的(注意上面是做某事,这里是能做某事)11.would like/love /decide/want/wish/to do sth.想要/喜欢/决定/想要/希望 做某事 12.would like/love sb.to do sth.想要/喜欢某人去做某事 13.Prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.宁可做某事也不要做某事
I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.宁可在家呆着也不愿意出去。
14.what/how/ when/where/whether to do sth 做什么?怎样做?什么时候做?在哪做?是否做? 15.can’t wait to do 迫不及待地做 16.too … to do … 太……而不能
17.be afraid /ready/able/sure to do 害怕/准备好/能够/肯定 做某事 18.seem to do 似乎做某事
四、既用带to的动词不定式又用ing形式的句型:
注:以下的一些词组to do与ing形式的意思上有很大区别,注意区分 1.stop to do/ doing 停下来去做某事/停止做某事
2.forget to do/ doing 忘记做某事(没做过的事情)/忘记做过某事(做过的事情)3.remember to do/doing 记住做某事(没做过的事情)/记住做过某事(做过的事情)4.go on to do/doing 继续做某事(两者基本无差异)5.like to do/doing 喜欢做某事(两者基本无差异)6.love to do/doing 喜欢做某事(两者基本无差异)7.prefer to do/doing 同上
8.hate to do/doing 讨厌做某事(两者基本无差异)
五、下列结构用带to的动词不定式和ing形式含义相同:
1.begin to do/doing 开始做某事 2.start to do/doing 同上
3.continue to do/doing 继续做某事(= go on doing)
六、既用不带to的动词不定式又用现在分词的句型:
用不带to的动词不定式强调动作的完成过程;用现在分词强调动作的进行状态。
1.hear sb do sth./doing 听到某人做某事/听到某人正在做某事
2.listen sb do sth./doing 听某人做某事/听某人正在做某事(极少考,个人认为)3.look at sb do sth./doing 看某人做某事/看某人正在做某事(依然极少考)4.see sb do sth./doing 看见某人做某事/看见某人正在做某事
5.watch sb do sth./doing 观看某人做某事/观看某人正在做某事(貌似有欣赏的意味)6.notice sb do sth./doing 注意到某人做某事/注意到某人正在做某事
第四篇:There be句型用法口诀
There be句型用法口诀
There be句型有特点,主语放在be后边。
主语单三用is,复数主语要用are。
变否定,很简单,be后要把not添。
变问句也不难,把be提到there前。
肯定句中用some,否定疑问any换。
动词do用法口诀
实动表示“做、干”,现在时态看“单三”。
简略答语可用do,代替“上述”免重复。
Don’t do sth..构否定,Do sb.do疑问型。
助动词用法口诀
新添助动词很重要,时态人称一肩挑,句型转换打头阵,谓语还原要记牢。
have/has用法口诀
动词have表示“有”,位置就在主语后。
“三单”主语用has,其他人称have留。
一般问句两法变:
一是把它提向前,或者句首do来添。
否定句子也一样,就看not怎么放。
第五篇:There be句型基本用法
-----------.------名--姓--封---级--班---学--中--五密十--九--第--市--津--天----------
七年级英语兴趣班讲义
(三)There be句型基本用法
一.基本句型:
There be 句型最基本的用法是用来表示某地有某物, 表示一种存在现象。肯定式:
There + be + 主语 + 地点(时间)状语
例:There is a picture of her family on the wall.在墙上有一张她家的全家福。
There are five lamps in the room.屋子里有五盏台灯。
There are forty students in our class this year.今年我们班一共有四十名学生。
否定式:
There be not(any, much)+ 主语+地点
例: There isn’t any money left in my pocket.我口袋里一分钱都没有了。
There aren’t many books in the library of our school.我们学校的图书馆里没有太多藏书。
There is not much water in my cup.Would you fill it up?
我杯子里没有多少水了, 你能帮我加点么?
一般疑问句:
Be + there +(any)+ 主语„?
例: Are there any pictures on the wall in your room?
你屋子里墙上挂照片了么?
Is there a lamp on your table?
你桌子上有台灯么?
Is there anything I can do for you?
我可以为你做点什么?
特殊疑问句:
疑问词(+名词)+ be + there + 状语?
例: How many months are there in a year?
一年有多少个月?
What’s there in your pocket?
你口袋里有什么?
反意疑问句:
反意疑问句应与there be对应,而不是依据句子主语。
例: There is a red book on your desk, isn’t there?
你桌子上有一本红色的书, 不是么?
There isn’t anyone in the classroom, is there?
教室里已经没有人了, 不是么?
二.There be句型应该注意的一些问题: 就近一致。
There be 句型中的be动词用单数或是复数应该遵循就近原则,即be动词与距离其后最近的名词数保持一致。
例: There is a teacher and many students on the playground.There are many students and a teacher on the playground.操场上有一名老师和很多学生。
如上面的两句话, 第一句话距离there be 最近的是a teacher, 因此be 动词要用单数形式;而第二句话中距离there be 最近的是复数形式的 many students, 因此我们相应地用be 动词的复数形式are。
再如: There is a blue pen, two red pencils and three black ball pens there.There are two red pencils, three black ball pens and a blue pen there.那儿有一个蓝色钢笔, 两个红色铅笔和三根黑色圆珠笔。
there be 与have 的区别。
“There be„”句式和have均可表示“有”的意思,但用法有别。“There be„”表示“在某处有„„”,表示“存在”;而have却表示“某人/某物有„„”,表示“拥有”。
例: There is going to be a concert this evening.今晚这里有场音乐会。
We have nothing to do this evening.我们今晚无事可做。三。的用法方位词 1.at
at表示地点:
(1):用于门牌号码前。如: He lives at 115 Zhongshan Road.at指时间表示:
(1)时间的一点、时刻等。如:
They come home at noon(at midnight, at ten o’clock, at daybreak, at dawn).(2)较短暂的一段时间。可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子。如: He goes home at Christmas(at New Year, at the Spring Festival, at night).2.in in 在(某范围或空间)内;在(某段时间)内;穿戴着;用(某种语言、工具等)
a country in Africa 非洲的一个国家
They often have sports in the afternoon.他们常在下午进行体育活动。in the 21st century 在二十一世纪 the man in the hat 戴帽子的男子
She is always in black. 她总是穿着一身黑。Say it in English. 用英语说吧。3.on on(某物体)上;在(某运输工具)上;在(某一天)There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有幅画。Put it down on the table. 把它放在桌子上。
She is coming on the plane/ bus / train / tube.她将乘飞机公共汽车火车地铁来。
We meet on Sundays. 我们每星期日见面。on May the first 在五月一日 4.to to 向,朝,往(某方向或某处);到达(某处);离,差 He's going to Paris. 他要去巴黎。the way to the station 通往车站的路
They will get to Sydney tonight.
今晚他们到达悉尼。It's five to ten.
现在是9点55分。四.in front of 和in the front of区别
前者是在一个物体的前面,而后者是在一个物体的前部。
in front of classroom(在教室这个建筑的前面(教室的外面))in the front of classroom(在这个教室的前面(里面))
(1)in front of 表示“在„„的前面”(有一定距离的前面,也可以理解在物体范围外的前面),其反义词是behind,表示“在„„的后面”。例如:
There is a river in front of the house.=There is a house behind the river.(2)二者的区别:
in the front of与in front of具有不同的含义。前者表示在某一范围之内的前部,后者表示在某一范围之外的前面。例如:
There is a big desk in the front of the classroom.在教室的前部有一张大桌子。
There is a tree in front of the classroom.在教室的前面有一棵树。
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