第一篇：2011年4月高等教育自学考试英语二真题及答案
2011年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
英语
（二）试卷（课程代码00015）
ⅠVocabulary and Structure(10points 1 point each)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。1.You may use bike________ you give it back to me tomorrow morning.A.unless B.provided C.though
D.because 2.He could not ________his tears on hearing that he was not admitted to the university A.hold up B.hold back C.get over D.get through 3.Good parents have the ability to communicate messages of love, trust, and self-worth ______their children A.on
B.for
C.with
D.to 4.The teacher required that all errors should be _______eliminated before the students turn in their term paper.A.deported B.eliminated C.deprived D.implemented 5.A person is lucky if his career ________with his interest and hobby.A.concerns B.competes C.coinciders D.compares 6.Out sleep influences our mood.our mood, ________,affects our performance.A.in return B.in vain C.in short D.in turn 7.It was ________of you not to disturb us while we were sleeping.A.considerate B.considering C.considerable D.considered 8.I'd appreciate it very much if you could make some ________on my recent article at the conference.A.requests B.references C.remarks D.restrictions 9.He is ______absorbed in his own thoughts that he seems unaware of what's going on in the room.A.so
B.each
C.very
D.much 10.No sooner(选C)had I reached home than Michael arrived with Jane in his car.A.did I reach
B.I had reached D.I reached C.had I reached
Ⅱ.Cloze Test(10point,1 point each)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项，根据上下文要求选出最佳答案。并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。
It is difficult to escape the influence of television.If you fit the statistical messages, by the age of 20 you will have been esposed___11___at least 20,000 hours of television.You can add 10,000 hours for each decade you have lived ___12___the age of 20.The only things Americans do more than them watch the television are work an sleep.Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those ____13____.Five thousand, I am sold, are what a typical college undergraduate____14____working in a bachelor’s degree.In 10,000 hours you corded have learned several lauguages fluently, you could be reading Shakespeare in the ____15____,and you could have walked around the world the world and ____16____a book about these hours.The trouble with television is____17____it discourages concentrations.Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life____18____some constructive effort.The dultest , the least gifted of us can achieve things that seem remarkable to those____19____never concertrate on anything.But television encourages us not to make any___20___.It makes the time pass without gain.11.A.to
12.A.at B.under B.from
C.for
C.after
C.years
D.at D.before D.things D.uses D.original D.writing D.why D.requires D.who 13.A.decades B.hours
14.A.spends B.casts C.takes 15.A.origin B.beginning C.source 16.A.written B.write 17.A.what B.that
18.A.requests B.asks
19.A.what B.whose
C.wrote C.which C.orders C.which
20.A.money B.time
C.effort D.skill
Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30point,2points each)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。
Passage one Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Michael Stadtlander set Toronto’s restarant world on fire in the 1980s with his original food, and eastablished a national and international fame.In 1994,however,he decided to leave the city restaurant scene and seek a quiet life in the country, where he has been preparing meals on his farm two hours borth of Toronto and asks guests to bring their own wine.Not long ago, Stadlander was charged with selling liquer without a licence, He said when a guest asked for wine at a dinner in December, he provided two bottles from his private stock.But the customer turned out to be an undercover Ontario Provincial Police(OPP)officer who returned a few days later along with four armed officers to seize 83 bottles of wine,and to search the farmhouse for records.The punishment could run as high as $100,000 in fines and a year in jail.When Mr and Mrs Smisth arrived at the farm on a weekend befre Christmas, they said that it was their annual celebrstion and asked if they could get some wine.Nobuyo,Stadtlander’s wife,told them the policy was thar guests peovide their own..Given the occasion, though, Stadtlander agreed to provide a bottle of white wiee from own cellar,at cost,as a favor, Later, Mr Smith asked for a second bottle and a detailed receipt that included the price of thr wine.He turned out to be OPP Detective Paul Smith and “his wife,”an assistant who went as a witness.“I was shocked,”Nobuyo Stadtlander recalls.”How could thy do this to us when we did them a favor?We sold them our wine at our cost.”.But Mr.Smith say,” No.they made $20.”
Stadtlander is determined to prove his innocence and continue the business.“People who live in the area have been very supportive,” he says.”And when this is over,I want my wine back.”
21.Stadtlander was accused because________.A.be offered too much wine for a guest B.be asked guests to bring their own wine C.be charged too much for the wine offered D.be sold wise to his guests without a license 22.In the 1980s,Stadtlander________.A.threw his original restaurant menu into the fine B.made his restaurant well-known around the world C.sought for a quiet life in the central part of the city D.opened one resyaurant after another home and abroad.23.IT turned out that Mr.and Mrs.Smith were________.A.two farmers B.two witnesecs C.hasbend and wife D.police officers 24.Nobuy Studtlander claimed that in the wine case they made________.A.$1.20 B.no money C.$100,000 D.a lot of money 25.Which of the following could be used as evidence against Stadtlander? A.What Stadtlander’s wife said B.The second bottle of wine C.The records from the farmhouse.D.A receipt with the wine price.Passage Two Questions26 to 30 are based on the following passage.A recent study shows that sixteen out of every 100 American couoles have violent confrontations of one sort or another during the course of a year.In six of these cases there is severe kicking, biting, punching or hitting with objects.Almost four of every 100 wives are seriously beaten by their husbands.three of every 100 children are kicked or punched by their parents.More than a third of all brothers and sisters severely attack each other.As expected, the incidence of violence is highest among the urban poor(many of them minoroties).blue-collar workers, people under 20 or without religious beliefs, families with a husband who is jobless and those with four to six children.But the study also showed that violence occurs among wealthy families as well.Indeed, the wife of a university president once quietly called Straus, one of the sociologists who conducted the study, to ask what she could do about her husband, who often beat her.Straus suggested seeking assistance from marriage advisors.Steaus and his colleagues found out that there are various root causes that give rise to such behavior.“The reason are mixed –psychological, sociological, situational,” says Straus.“The husband, for example, may feel under particular stress because be has been out of work too long.Violence may also be an echo of the past,” Straus explains.“When Mummy gives her two-year-old a slap（巴掌）for putting something dirty in his mouth, he is learning from infancy that those who love you hit you.” Another reason may be the worsening economic situations.“If we have a real economos decline, It’s going to get worse,” economic situations.“If we have a real economic declines,it’s going to get worse,” says Gelles, one of Straus” colleagues.These sociologists have no easy answer to violence in the American family.While they welcome such move as the opening of shelters for beaten wives and the establishment of a National Center for Child Abuse and Neglect, they belive that there must be more basic attack on vilolence,including the reduction of “macho”（大男子主义）themes on the television,the outlawing of physical punishment in schools and perhaps even the wlimination of death senernces.As Straus explains,“Volence is an acceptable solution to problems in American society,And that is how it is used in families.26.Which of the following statements is true? A.More than a third of brothers attack sisters in American families.B.Almost four percent of husbands are seriously beaten by their wives.C.Six out of one hundred couples experience severe domestic violence.D.Six percent of American couples have some kind of domestic violence.27.The example concerning a university president’s wife shows that_________ A.domestic violence is found in well-to do families as well B.the incidence of violence is highest among urban families C.marriage advisons’ assistance is the best solution to violence D.domestic vilence exists regardless of age, race,and social status.28.What Gelles says shows that________.A.vilence is responsible for the decline of economy B.violence may be a reflection of one’s past experience C.violence is related to the economic situation of the time D.violence is the best form of emotional release for a husband 29.The word “outlawing” in line5 of the last paragraph means________.A.making something illegal B.freeing someone from prison C.learning something from law D.throwing someone out of court 30.According to the sociologists, it is impossible to curb domestic violence unless________.A.more shelters for beateb wives are opened B.children are protected by a National Center C.violence is not accepted as a solution to problems D.Americans get tougher with violent behaviors
Passage Three Qestions 31to35are based on the following passage.American scientists are developing an “intelligent” mabile phone capable of blocking incoming calls depending on the owner’s mood., Using “context aware”
Technology the “Sensay” phone will monitor calls and send back polite messages saying the user may be contacted later.A research team at the Institute for Complex Engineering Systems at Carragie Mellon University in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, are developing body temperature and electrical skin monitors to help the device understand the emotional state of its user.If the phone senses that the user is busy —for instance, involved in a conversation—it might block an incoming call and turn it onto voicemail.The phone would send back a text message saying the user is unavailable, but advising that id the matter is urgent the caller can try again in three minutes.If a call from the same person came in again, the phone would put it through.The researchers are interested in four basic different states—busy and not to be interrupted, physically active, idle,and “normal.” Most people are said to change between these states,an average of 6 to 12 times a day.Professor Asim Smailagic, a leading member of the Carnegic Mellon team, told The Engineer magazine.”Today’s computers are pretty dumb compared with the device.We got to work at the beginning of May and since then have been improving it.The next stage is to make it smarter, adding various intellingence systems so it can learn about the user.The phone also employs four primary sensons—two microphones to pick up conversations and monitor local noise.a light detector and an acceleromster（加速度计）.The light sensor shows if the phone is being carried in a bag or pocket ,while the accelerometer determines whether the user is walking,running or standing still, In the sensor box, phone is being carried in a bag or pocket, while the accelerometer determites whether the user is walking,running or standing still,In the future,the sensor box,phone and personal organizer will be combined into one device.”
31.According to the passage, the “Sensay” phone is capable of ________.A.showing body temperature B.blocking unwanted calls C.detecting the owner’s mood D.sensing the caller’s mood 32.The second paragraph mainly tells us ________.A.where the intelligent phone is developed B.how the new phone is going to function C.whether the researchers failed in their experiment D.why the researchers failed in their experiment 33.Accorfing to Professor Smailagic, the detector will show________.A.where the mobile phone is B.where the mobile phone user is C.whether the mobile phone user is busy D.whether the mobile phone is within reach 34.the word “it” in line 5 of paragraph 4 refers to________.A.the phone B.the monitor C.the computer D.the light sensor 35.The best title for this passage is ________.A.How to Tell a Person’s Mood B.How to Block Incoming Calls C.Sensay Your Personal Organizer D.Sensay The Futuer Mobile Phone
Ⅳ.Word Spelling(10points for two words)将下列汉语单词译成英语，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出，请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。36.乐意地，容易地adv.r________ 37.前景n.p________ 38.永恒的,不断的a.________ 39.有益的，有好处的a.b________ 40.进口n.i________ 41.预报n.f________ 42.元素，成分n.e________ 43.缩短，减少n.s________ 44.诚实n.h________ 45.有规律的a.r________ 46.改变，使不同v.v________ 47.坦率地adv.F________ 48.减轻，救济n.r________ 49.和谐，融洽n.h________ 50.赔偿v.c________ 51.有效率的a.________ 52.真诚的a.s________ 53.建设v.e________ 54.市长n.m________ 55.好奇心n.e________
Ⅴ.Word Form(10point each)将括号内的各词变为适当的形式填入空白，答案写在答题纸上。
56.It will be interesting to see what’s going to happen at the next________(elect).57.For those involved, the scandal has been a very________(pain)experience.58.________(safe)needs to be improved on the railways in that country.59.The present crisis bears some ________(similar)to the oil erisis of the 1970s.60.His mother becomes disappointed whenever he fails to live up to her________(expect).61.Being a ________(high)motivated lauguage learner, he takes every opportunity to improve his English.62.Our most ________(success)product is based on a very simple idea.63.local people are questioning the ________(wise)of spending so much money on the new road.64.Don’t worry.This is the ________(desire)weight range for you health.65.This scientist was awarded with several titles for his________(accomplish)in biology.Ⅵ.Translation from Chinese into English(15points,3points each)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。66.尽管有困难，他们最终还是把工作完成了。67.这次会议在促进两国友谊方面起了重要作用。
68.他长久以来梦想着称为一名足球运动员。
69.在过去的二十年中，用于科学实验的动物数量大大减少了。70.这次英语考试比我们预想的要容易得多。
Ⅶ.Translation from English into Chinese(15points)将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。
Shy people are likely to be passive and easily influenced by other.They are very sensitive t criticism.They also find it difficult to be pleased by praises because they believe they are unworthy of them.A shy person may respond to a praise with a statement like this:“You’re saying that to make me feel good.I know it’s not me.”It is clear that, while self-awareness is a good quality.overdoing it is harmful.Can shyness be completely gotten rid of ,or at least reduced? Fortunately ,people can overcome shyness with determined and patient effort in building self-confidence.参考答案：
ⅠVocabulary and Structure 1.You may use bike(选B)provided you give it back to me tomorrow morning 2.He could not(选B)hold back his tears on hearing that he was not admitted to the university 3.Good parents have the ability to communicate messages of love, trust, and self-worth(选C)with their children 4.The teacher required that all errors should be(选B)eliminated before the students turn in their term paper.5.A person is lucky if his career(选C)coincides with his interest and hobby.6.Out sleep influences our mood.our mood,(选A)in return, affects our performance.7.It was(选A)considerate of you not to disturb us while we were sleeping.8.I'd appreciate it very much if you could make some(选C)remarks on my recent article at the conference.9.He is(选A)so absorbed in his own thoughts that he seems unaware of what's going on in the room.10.No sooner(选C)had I reached home than Michael arrived with Jane in his car.Ⅱ.Cloze Test(10point,1 point each)文章开头第一句话：it is difficult to escape the influence of television.If you fit the statistical averages 11.选 A to 12.C after 13.B hours 14.A spends 15.D original 16.A written 17.B that 18.D requires 19.D who 20.C effort Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30point,2points each)第一篇，文章开头第一句话：Michael Stadtlander set Toronto’s restaurant world on fire in the 1980s with original food, 21.Stadtlander was accused because 选D.he sold wine to his guests without a license 22.In the 1980s,stadtlander选B.made his restaurant menu into the fire 23.It turned out that Mr.and Mrs.Smith were 选D.police officers 24.Nobuyo Stadtlander claimed that in the wine case they made选B.no money 25.Which of the following could be used as evidence against Stadtlander?选D.A receipt with the wine price 第二篇，文章开头第一句话：A recent study shows that sixteen out of every 100 American couples have violent confrontations of one sort or another during the 26.Which of the following statements is true?选C.Six out of one hundred couples experience severe domestic violence
27.The example concerning a university president’s wife shows that选A.domestic violence is found in well-to-do families as well 28.What Gelles says shows that选C.violence is related to the economic situation of the time 29.The word “outlawing” in line 5 of the last paragraph means选A.making something illegal 30.According to the sociologists, it is impossible to curb domestic violence unless选C.violence is not accepted as a solution to probblems 第三篇，文章开头第一句话：American scientists are developing an “intelligent” mobile phone capable of blocking calls depending on the owner mood 31.According to the passage, the “Sensay” phone is capable of选C.„the owner’s mood 32.Second paragraph mainly tells us选B.„the new phone is going to function QQ 1031010648 33.According to professor Smailagic ,the light detector will show选A.where the mobile phone is.34.The word “it” in line 5 of paragraph 4 refers to选A.the phone 35.The best title for this passage is选D.Sensay: The Future Mobile phone Ⅳ.Word Spelling(10points for two words)36乐意地readily 37前景prospect 38永恒的constant 39有益的beneficial 40进口import 41预报forecast 42元素element 44诚实honesty 46改变vary 48减轻relief 50倒塌collapse 52真诚的sincere 54市长mayor
Ⅴ.Word Form(10point each)56 election 57 painful 58 safety 61 highly 62 successful 63 wisdom
similarities
desired
expectation
accomplishment
43缩短，减少shorten 45有规律的regular 47坦率的frankly 49和谐harmony 51有效率的efficient 53建设construct 55好奇心的curiosity
Ⅵ.Translation from Chinese into English(15points,3points each)66尽管有困难，他们始终还是把工作完成了。They finally finished the job in spite of the difficulty.67这次会议在促进两国友谊方面起了重要作用。This conference plays an important role in pormoting the relationship between the two countries.68他长久以来梦想着成为一名足球运动员。He has been dreaming of being a football player.69在过去的20年中，用于科学实验的动物数量大大减少了。In the past twentieth century, the number of animals for experiment greatly reduced.70这次英语考试比我们预想的要容易得多。The English test was much easier than we had expected.Ⅶ.Translation from English into Chinese(15points)腼腆的人很容易被动且易受别人影响，他们对于批评很敏感，他们也发现表扬很难令他们高兴，因为他们认为他们不值得表扬。一个腼腆的人对于赞扬可能会这样去回答:“你那样说是为了使我高兴，我知道我并不是真的值得表扬。”很明显，自知之明是一种好品质，但自谦过度也不好。能否完全克服腼腆，或至少让自己不那么腼腆，幸运的是人们能够通过努力耐心地建立自信来克服腼腆。
第二篇：山东省2006年4月高等教育自学考试英语二试题
山东省2006年4月高等教育自学考试
英语
（二）试卷[14学分]
（课程代码：0015 考试时间：150分钟）
PART ONE(50 POINTS)Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points,1 point for each item)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母填在题号后括号内。
1.America became independent _____ the control of Britain on July 4th, 1776.A.of B.on C.in D.at 2.We can’t help _____ him for his great achievements in scientific research.A.admire B.to admrie C.admiring D.admired 3.Three years after her marrige, Kate gave birth to a _____ boy.A.gold-skin B.golden-skin C.golden-skinned D.golden-skinned 4.The teachers seemed to be happy to have a try of this new teaching method, but _____ that it could make a difference.A.convinced B.unconvinced C.convincing D.unconvincing 5.The art of China have not declined _____ western influence.A.in spite B.despite of C.in spite of D.regardless 6.What is feared as failurein the US is,_____, loneliness.A.above all B.all the same C.at all D.of all 7.By the end ofmeeting, he felt quite stressed and was _____from having to deal with so many things.tribule A.given out B.worn out C.torn out D.drawn out 8.In ourlife, many impotant things that _____ to our overall objectives and give mearning to life don’t tend to act _____ us orpress us.A.contribute… on B.contribute…against C.attribute…on D.attribute…against 9.Like the national _____ for Asian literacy in Australia , there has been foreign langues _____ in China.A.push…favor B.pull…favor C.pull…fervor D.push…fervor 10.We received _____ help from many students in our research.A.valueless B.invaluable C.worthless D.worthwhite Ⅱ.Close Test(10points , 1 point for each item)下面短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母填在题号后括号内。
There are many ways of attaining education at all ___11__, Mary hight schools, colleges, community or district adult schools __12___ business and industrial institutiongs __13__ daytime or everning classes in dozens of fields and skills.It is reported that about 13 millions Americ-ans __14___ different froms of adults education through schools, job training ,or cor-respondence courses.About one __15___four American adults participate __16__ an organized learning group cach year.I-n recent years,There has been a trrend of older students to return for post-secondary education degree.___17__ has been mentionged, the community college has made it possible for all secti-ons of the population to have higher education.Other colleges and universities, both public a-nd ___18__, also have what is now called” continuing education” programs or “lifelong educati-on” programs of associate degrees, graduate studies or professional develop-ment.In such a system, a worker may continue his study even __19__ a part –time basis, and a retried person many return to college at a(n)__20___ age.11.A.ranks B.levels C.layers D.fields 12.A.also B.plus C.as well D.as well as 13.A.ofter B.take C.supply D.reserve 14.A.join B.enter C.accept D.receive 15.A.of B.from C.in D.every 16.A.in B.during C.at D.under 17.A.It B.Which C.As D.Like 18.A.personal B.private C.secret D.hidden 19.A.with B.in C.from D.on 20.A.hign B.big C.tall D.advanced Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points ,2 points for each item)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母填在题号后括号内。
Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Here in the hills were buffaloes(野牛).I had even, in my very young days---when I could not l-ive till I had killed one of each kind of American animal---shout bull out here.Later on, wh-en I was not so interested in shouting as in watching the wild animals, I had been out to see t-hem again, but twice I had to go back without success.But one afternoonsa I was having tea with some friends outside the house, Denys came fly-ing from Nairobi and went over our heads westwards.A litter while later, he turned and came back and landed on the farm.I drove down to the plain to bring him back, but he would not g-et out of his plane.“ The buffaloes are out feedingin the hills,”he said,”come out and have a look at them.” “ I cannot come,” I said.” I have got a tea-party up at the house.” “ But we will go and see the, and be back in a quarter of an hour,”he said.This sounded to me like the suggestions which people make to you in a dream.So I went up with him.It did not take us long to see the buffaloes from the air;we counted them as they peacefully mixed and separated on the open ground enclosed in by bushes.There was one ve-ry old big black bull, and a number young ones: if a stranger had come near to them they wo-uld have heard or our machine and stopped feeding, but they didi not seem to be able to look up.In the end they realized that something very strange was about;the old bull first walked out in front of the others.Suddenly he began to go down the valley side and after a moment he broke into a run.The whole group now follwed him, rushing hurriedly down into the bush-es.In a small wood of low trees they stopped and kept close together.Here they believed the-mselves to be out of sight.We flew up and away.It was like having been taken there by a sec-ret unknown route.When I came back to my tea-party the teapot on the stone was still so hot that I burned my fingers on it.21.When young, the writer_____.A.was interested in killing as many animals as possible B.enjoyed shooting one of every sort of African animal C.had failed to find the buffalo D.used to camp in the hills and watch the buffalones in a plane.22.The writer went to plane _____.A.to persuade Denys to leave the plane.B.to have a talk with Denys.C.because they wanted to go up in the plane.D.to pick Denys up and take him back to the tea-party.23.Denys said it would only take a quarter of an hour to go and see the buffaloes _____.A.and he was right.B.but it look much longer than that C.but it wasn’t a serious suggestion D.if they went by a secret route.24.When the buffaloes initially heard the noise of the plane, they _____..A.looked up B.ran away immediately C.continued feeding D.were uncertain what to do 25.The buffaloes felt safe when they reached the wood because they _____.A.should only be seen iff the plane flew higher.B.could only be seen from the ground.C.thought they couldn’t be seen D.could not see the plane
Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.England’s highest main-line railway station hangs on to life by a thread: deserted and unm-anned since it was officially closed in 1970.Dent Station, situated high in the hills of Yours-hire,wakes up on six summer weekends each year, when a special charter(包，租）train unl-oads walkers,sightseers and people who simply want to catch a train from the highest statio-n,on to its platform.But even this limited existence may soon be brought to an end.Dent Station is situated on the Settle to Carlisle railway line, said to be the most scenic(景色迷人的）in the country.But no amount of scenic beauty can save the line from British Rail’s cash(现金）problem.This year, for the sake of economy, the express, which used to pass through Dent Station, have been out put on to another route.It is now an open secret that British Rail sees no future for this railway line.Most of tis trai-ns disappeared some time ago.Its bridge, built on a grand scale a century ago, is falling dow-n.It is not alone.Half a dozen railway routes in the north of England are facing a similar threat.The problem is an outdated system and an almost total lack of cash to repair it.Bridges and tunnels(隧道)are showing their age, the wooden support for the tracks are rotting and engines and coaches are getting old.On major lines between large cities, the problem is nor too bad.These lines still make a pro-fit and cash can be found to maintain them.But on the country branch line, the story is differ-ent.Although tracks have been much used, they are not replaced Instead, speed limits are int-roduced, making journeys longer than necessary and discouraging customers.26.Since 1970 Dent Station has been used _____.A.only bu hill walkers B.only by local people C.only in some years D.only for a part of each year.27.Of all the railways routes in Britain, the one that passes Dent Station _____.A.is the most expensive to maintain B.passes through the most beautiful countryside C.is the most historic D.carries the largest number of tourists.28.Which of the following is NOT a problem facing many country railway lines in Britain? A.renewing coaches B.enlarging station C.rebuilding bridges D.repairing engines 29.By “hangs on to life by a thread “(Para.1)the author most probably means ______.A.it is dangerous for Dent Station to be situated high in the hills B.even the limited use of Dent Station may soon come to a close C.many people still come to Dent despite the official closedown of Dent Station.D.British Rail is faced with the cash problem.30.The prospect（前景）that the country railway might be closed is viewed by te author with _____.A.surprise B.approval C.regret D.anger
Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Urban life has always involved a balancing of opportunities and reward against dangers and stress;its motivating force is, in the broadest sense, money, Opportunities to make money me-an competition, and competition is stressful;it is often at its most intense in the largest cities, where opportunities are greatest.The presence of huge numbers of people inevitably involves more conflict, more traveling, overloading of public services and exposure to those crimin-als(罪犯）who are drawn by the wealth in large cities.Crime has always flourished in the rel-ative anonymity(无名）of urban life, but today’s ease of movement makes its communities.City dwellers may become trapped in their homes by the fear of crime around them.As a defense against these developments, city dwellers tend to use various strategies(策略）to try reduce the pressure upon themselves: contacts with other people are generally made brief and impersonal;doors are kept locked;journeys outside the home are usually hurried,ra-ther than a source of pleasure.There are other strategies, too, which are positively harmful to the individual;for example, reducing awareness through drugs and alcohol.Furthermore, all these defensive forms of behavior are harmful to society in general;they cause widespread loneliness and destroy the community’s concern for its members.Lack of informal social contact and indifference to the misfortunes of others, if they are not personally known, are among the major cause of urban crime.31.According to the author, living in a city cause stress because there are so many people who are _____.A.like to commit crimes B.naturally aggressive C.in need of help D.anxious to succeed 32.In the author’s opinion, the MAIN reason why there are many criminals in large cities is that _____.A.people do not communicate with their neighbors B.criminal are difficult to tract in large population C.people feel anonymous in large cities D.The wealth in large cities is attractive to criminals 33.Which of the following problem facing people living in cities is NOT mentioned in the passage? A.crime B.finding somewhere to live in C.Loneliness D.Drugs and alcoholism 34.The biggest attraction to live in a city is _____.A.Rewards B.Monet C.Stress D.Competition 35.According to the author, crime is caused by several factors, one of which is _____.A.hurried journes B.personal misfortunes C.defensive behavior D.social isolation(隔离）
PART TWO(50 POINTS)IV.Word Spelling(10 points , 1 point for two items)
将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。
36.复杂性，复杂的事物 n.c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37.登记，入伍，入会，入学参加 vt＆vi e _ _ _ _ _ 38.过多的，过度的，极端的 adj e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39.经济，经济学 n e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40.地平线，范围，视野 n h _ _ _ _ _ _ 41.使结合，与 ……结合 vt i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42.流利 n f _ _ _ _ _ _ 43.采用 vt a _ _ _ _ 44.小册子 n p _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 45.擢升，晋级，提升 n p _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46.不耐烦的，急躁的 adj i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 47.容量，生产量，才能 n c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48.奢侈，奢华 n l _ _ _ _ _ 49.不理，忽视 vt i _ _ _ _ _ 50.尝试，企图 vt a _ _ _ _ _ _ 51.使服从，使顺从 vt＆vi s _ _ _ _ _ 52.打扰，扰乱 vt d _ _ _ _ _ _ 53.情况，形式 n c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 54.单身汉，学士 n b _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 55.殖民地 n c _ _ _ _ _ V.56.It’s only a _____(mionr)of people who are causing the violence.Word Form(10 points , 1 point for each item)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白，答案写在答题纸上。57.She has a lot of interesting ideas, but she’s not very _____(practice).58.He is deeply _____(religion)and goes to church twice a week.59.Many people died of _____(starve)that year.60.Now large areas of forests _____(threaten)with destruction.61.I know she has caused trouble, but I’m sure she has done this _____(intention)’ 62.This book is on the different _____(variety)of English spoken in the world.63.The girl played the piano _____(assertive)throughout the whole concert.64.I enjoy my job, but I’d like to do something more _____(create).65.Theses cakes are really nice.They are _____(delicious)cakes I’ve ever had.VI.Translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points for each item)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。
66.很多重要的事情由于耽误或者计划不周而变得紧迫。67.你务必于下午两点半来参加会议。68.他总是忙于新的发现而根本无暇顾及赚钱。
69.同中国妇女相比，美国妇女似乎不愿向上司表述自己的意见。70.英语背景知识既吸引了大量的学习者，同时也使一些人丧失信心。
VII.Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)将下面短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。
Thanksgiving Day comes on the fourth Thursday in November.Every year, the president writes a letter to the phone.He writes that the fourth Thursday in November will be national holiday.All the stores, banks, schools and offices close.Thanksgiving has hardly changed at all in its intention and manner of celebration.Thanksgi-ving is a family holiday, for it is customary for all members of the family to gather at the ho-me of the father and mother.All over the country, husbands and wives, sons and daughters, grandchildren and great-grandchildren travel from city to town, from town to village, or from village ti farm ti spend the day at their old homes.Many speak to their parents or grandchildr-en by long distance telephone.On Thanksgiving Day, the churches hold Thanksgiving services.Thanksgiving is a chance to renew friendship.Above all, Thanksgiving Day is a time for remembrance and foe giving thanks.山东省2006年4月高等教育自学考试
英语
（二）试题答案及评分参考
（课程代码：0015）
I.Vocabulary and Structure(10points, 1 point for each item)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。
1.A 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.D 10.B II.Close Text(10 points, 1 points for each item)下面短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应字母涂黑。
11.B 12.D 13.A 14.D 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.D 20.D Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points ,2 points for each item)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母填在题号后括号内。
21.B 22.D 23.A 24.D 25.C 26.D 27.B 28.B 29.B 30.C 31.D 32.D 33.B 34.B 35.D IV.Word Spelling(10 points , 1 point for two items)
将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。
36.complexity 37.Enroll 38.Excessive 39.Economics 40.Horizon 41.Integrate 42.Fluence 43.Adopt 44.Pamphlet 45.Promotion 46.Impatient 47.Cspacity 48.Luxury 49.Ignore 50.Attempt 51.Submit 52.Disturb 53.Circumstance 54.Bachelor 55.Colony V.56.Minority 57.Practical 58.Religious 59.Starvation 60.Are threatened 61.Unintentionally 62.Varieties 63.Assertively 64.Creative 65.The most delicious Word Form(10 points , 1 point for each item)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白，答案写在答题纸上。
VII.Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)将下面短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。
66.Many important activities become urgent through delay, or because of a lack of planning.67.Be sure to attend the meeting at half past two in the afternoon.68.He is always too busy with his new discoveries to bother with making money.69.Compared with Chinese women, American women seem less inclined to speak uo easily to their bosses.70.The background knowledge of English fascinates a lot of learners, but at the same time disheartens quite a few.
第三篇：00015自学考试《英语二》2011年1月真题及答案
2011年1月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
英语
（二）I.Vocabulary and Structure（10 points,l point each）
从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。1.We had a happy weekend at the seaside.And the transport, we had no difficulty.A.owing to
B.in case
C.once more
D.as for 2.Whether you stay or leave is a matter of total to me.A.indifference
B.enthusiasm
C.passion
D.harmony 3.It is said that a black hole can everything around it, such as stars.A.work out
B.settle down
C.swallow up
D.break into 4.It is well-known that the moon goes round the earth____.A.in a way
B.in a circle
C.in due course
D.in turn 5.He the book and found it worth buying.A.folded
B.extended
C.skimmed
D.skipped 6.The world make is changing.We must anticipate the changes and make timely adjustments.A.stably
B.constantly
C.scarcely
D.occasionally 7.The main____for discussion will be the proposed new supermarket.A.topic
B.idea
C.title
D.object 8.We went to bed that night ____ of the storm to come.A.invisible
B.unclear
C.senseless
D.ignorant 9.It's going to be hard to ____his wife that they can’t afford a new house.A.convince
B.contain
C.conduct
D.confess 10.The task we'1l carry out ____great courage and wisdom.A.calls up
B.calls on
C.calls about
D.calls for II.Cloze Test（10 points,l point each）
How does woman go about buying clothes? In 11 every aspect she does so in the way opposite to a man.Her shopping is not often 12 need.She has never fully made up her mind 13 she wants,and she is only “having a look round.”She is always 14 to persuasion；indeed she sets great store by what the saleswoman tells her, 15 by what companions tell her,She will 16 any number of things.Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her.Contrary to a lot of jokes, most women have an excellent 17 of value when they buy clothes, They are always on the lookout for the unexpected bargain.18 a roomful of dresses,a 19 may easily spend an hour going from one rail to 20，to and from,often retracing her steps before selecting.It is a laborious process,but apparently an enjoyable one.11.A.most
B.uppermost C.foremost D.almost
12.A.based on B.held on C.kept on D.made for
13.A.that
B.those
C.what
D.which
14.A.open
B.dull
C.close
D.keen
15.A.ever
B.even
C.better
D.aside
16.A.try on B.carry on C.figure out D.fall out
17.A.heart
B.mind
C.sense
D.thought
18.A.Run into B.Let out C.Brought about D.Faced with
19.A.salesman B.companion C.woman
D.saleswoman
20.A.the other B.another C.others
D.other III.Reading Comprehension（30 points,2 points each）
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.About forty years ago, only five percent of American children who were three or four years old attended early education programs.Today, about two-thirds of the children of that age go to preschools, nursery schools or daycare centers with educational programs.Many education experts say this is a good situation.They say young children who have some kind of preschool education do much better when they attend school.Young children in preschool programs learn colors and numbers.They identify common objects and letters of the alphabet to prepare them for reading.They sing and play games that use numbers and maps.They learn to cooperate with teachers and other children.Many preschool programs include activities to help young children learn about the world around them.For example, children visit places like zoos, museums and fire and police stations.After preschool, most American children attend kindergarten in public schools.Most children start kindergarten at about age five.Many American kindergartens now require skills taught in early education programs.So children who have not attended a preschool program may not be ready for kindergarten.Many families, however, lack enough money to send their children to private nursery schools or preschools.Such schools may cost several thousand dollars a year, as much as a public university.To help poor families, the government operates an education program for young children called Head Start.Studies have shown that many children from poor families do not do well in school.Studies also have shown that children in Head Start programs perform equally well or better than other children when they start school.But the government currently is providing Head Start with enough money to serve only about sixty percent of the children who need this program.Educators have expressed concern that some early childhood education programs are not good enough.The United States has about eighty-thousand preschools, nursery schools and daycare centers.The National Association for the Education of Young Children studies these schools.The association says it has approved only about ten percent of the preschools in the country.Experts say American children need more and better preschool education.21.In preschools.young children can learn about the world around them by.A.visiting various places
B.singing songs and playing games
C.identifying common objects and letters
D.cooperating with teachers and partners 22.The annual fee for preschool education is that of a public university.A.higher than
B.unequal to
C.lower than
D.equal to 23.Head Start aims to.A.study the benefits of preschool education in America
B.help children from poor families get ready for school
C.provide funds to help poor families through hard time
D.monitor how the movement spends money on education 24.Money provided by the government for Head Start programs is.A.more than enough
B.quite inadequate
C.just sufficient
D.almost enough 25.According to the association.most American preschools.A.have got official approval
B.enjoy good reputation
C.are not well qualified
D.have financial difficulties
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.One of the chief causes of fatigue（疲倦）is boredom.To illustrate this point, let's take the case of Alice, a corporate employee who lives on your street.Alice came home one night completely exhausted.She acted fatigued.She was fatigued.She had a headache.She had a backache.She was so exhausted that she wanted to go to bed without waiting for dinner.Persuaded by her mother.she sat down at the table.The telephone rang.The boyfriend!An invitation to a dance!Her eyes sparkled.Her spirits soared.She rushed upstairs, put on her Alice-blue gown，dashed out and danced until three o'clock in the morning;and when she finally did get home, she was not the slightest bit exhausted.She was，in fact，so excited that she couldn't fall asleep.Was Alice really and honestly tired eight hours earlier.when she looked and acted exhausted? Sure，she was.She was exhausted because she was bored with her work, perhaps bored with life.There are millions of Alices.You may be one of them.It is a well-known fact that your emotional attitude usually has far more to do with producing fatigue than has physical exertion.A few years ago, Joseph E.Barmack, Ph.D., published in the Archives of Psychology a report of some of his experiments, showing how boredom produces fatigue.Dr.Barmack put a group of students through a series of tests in which, he knew, they could have little interest.The result? The students felt tired and sleepy，complained of headaches and eyestrain, felt irritable.In some cases，even their stomachs were upset.Was it all “imagination”? No.Metabolism（新陈代谢）tests were taken of these students.These tests showed that the blood pressure of the body and the consumption of oxygen actually decrease when people are bored，and that the whole metabolism picks up immediately as soon as they begin to feel interest and pleasure in their work!
26.When she came back from dancing, Alice felt.A.very hungry
B.a bit sleepy
C.much tired
D.sleepless 27.The word “them” in Line 4, Para.2 refers to.A.people exhausted from boredom
B.women with the same name as Alice
C.corporate employees enjoying dancing
D.people crazy about interesting night life 28.The major reason for Alice's exhaustion is that.A.she lost her appetite for dinner
B.she was tired of her work or her life
C.she danced too long time with friends
D.she had a bad headache and a backache 29.When person begins to enjoy his work __，A.his blood pressure goes down
B.his metabolism improves rapidly
C.his oxygen consumption decreases
D.his stomach sometimes gets upset 8 30.Dr.Barmack explained the result of the tests on the basis of___.A.medical examinations
B.personal observation
C.logical reasoning
D.common knowledge
Passage Three
Questions 3lto 35 are based on the following passage.There will be a major shift in the age distribution in the American workforce.As the baby boomers（born between 1946 and 1963）begin to hit retirement age, they will be replaced by the so-called“generation Y”or“Millennial Generation.”who number almost 80 million.And the qualified workers of this generation are soon going to be desperately needed, leaving businesses no choice but to figure out how to attract and keep them.People often say that members of the “Millennial Generation”can’t take care of themselves and are going to bring the world down with them.Some people might think Millennials are spoiled internet addicts（上瘾者）who feel a strong sense of entitlement and aren’t willing to work hard for the great rewards they expect.In reality Millennials are the first generation of “digital natives,”that is,they have never known a world without digital technology.As a result Millennials experience the world through technology,as older generations experience the world through their organic senses.This intimacy（亲密接触）with the digital world is one of the Millennials’greatest strengths.It also presents the greatest challenge to those companies that need highly qualified applicants.Managers need to determine ways to use their strengths and work with their weaknesses with business goals in mind.The key to attracting and managing Millennials is to create an experience of the company that matches their technological experience of the world.It’s about finding a balance between youthful enthusinasm,cooperative spirit, and the realities of the business world.The business world is experiencing a continued breakdown of the authoritarian management style that in some ways still remains as legacy（遗留做法）from the early 20th century.Managers are going to have to be patient and flexible to a large extent because one thing is for sure, nothing makes Millennials unhappier than doing tasks with traditional methods that can be done better and more efficiently with the right technology or more sophisticated methods.They need to be given the opportunity to use the technologies they are familiar with to cooperate with each other and do business.The best candidates are going to be attracted to companies that are willing to give employees what they need and want.31.American businesses will be in great need of qualified workers of the“Millennial Generation” because.A.the baby boomers in the workforce are close to retirement
B.this generation accounts for the biggest part of the workforce
C.businesses want to change the age distribution in the workforce
D.businesses prefer young workforce to speed up their development 32.People have formed a impression of the Millennial Generation.A.true
B.vague
C.favorable
D.negative 33.Compared with previous generations, Millennials.A.use more of their organic senses
B.show a poor sense of entitlement
C.rely more on information technology
D.challenge the goals of the businesses 34.To attract and manage Millennials, a business manager should.A.require them to do their tasks with traditional methods
B.force them to work with modem scientific technologies
C.balance their passion, teamwork spirit and business realities
D.combine sophisticated methods with flexible working approaches 35.The main idea of the passage could be best summarized as.A.business managers should take up the challenges from Millennials
B.business managers should be flexible about their management style
C.managers maintain a relatively objective attitude toward Millennials
D.Millennials can use their technological advantage to attract companies
Part Two（50 points）
IV.Word Spelling（10 points，1 point for two words）
36事件；事故n.a
37.分界线，边界n.b________
38捕获：占领v.c
39.美味的；使人愉悦的a.d________
40.必要的；本质的a.e 41.公式；程式n.f________
42.致意，欢迎v.g
43.阻止；妨碍v.h________
44.增加，增长v.i
45.同盟，协会n.l________
46.较小的；少数的a, m
47.自然的；天然的a.n________
48.反抗；对立n.o
49.察觉；认识到v.p________
50.懊悔，遗憾v.r
51.表面，外表n.s________
52.温度计n.t
53.向上，往上ad.u________
54受害者，牺牲品n.v
55.侍者，服务员n.w________ V.Word Form（10 points,l point each）
56.The study of black holes is just beginning.Speculations about them are（end）
57.Christmas is（tradition）a holiday for a family to get together.58.The client must（sure）that accurate records are kept.59.Since no better plan had been put forward，we had to adopt a basically（work）one.60.There are millions of solar systems in space, and ours is
（probable）one of the smallest.61.The accused admitted that he had sold the
（steal）goods.62.The store will be moved to somewhere in my
（neighbor）next month.63.Upon their
（arrive）,they immediately set about drawing up a plan.64.The good news is that our host is said to be kind and
（help）.65.The young girl moved to Paris last spring, but she missed her parents too much to enjoy the
（excite）life there.VI.Translation from Chinese into English（15 points，3 points each）66.很明显你需要更多的英语口语练习。67.那个项目的完成时间比我们预想的早得多 68.她坚持这项工作由一个有经验的工作来做 69.北京奥运会开幕式展示了丰富多彩的中国文化。70.你说的与我们在实验中所发现的大相径庭。
VII.Translation from English into Chinese（15 points）
Every profession or trade,every art , and every science has its technical vocabulary.Different occupations, however, differ widely in the character of their special vocabularies.In the trades and handcrafts, and other vocations（行业）,like farming and fishery, that have occupied great numbers of men from remote time,the technical vocabulary is very old.It consists largely of native words, or of borrowed words that have worked themselves into the very quality of our language.Hence, though highly technical in many particulars,these vocabularies are more familiar in sound ,and more generally understood, than most other technical terms,The special dialects of law, medicine, and philosophy have also become pretty familiar to cultivated persons and have enriched the popular vocabulary.答案 36.accident 37.boundary 38.capture 39.delicious 40.essential 41.formula42.greet 43.hinder 44.increase 45.league 46.minor 47.natural 48.opposition 49.perceive 50.regret 51.surface 52.thermometer 53.upwards 54.victim 55.waiter 56.答案：endless 57.答案：traditionally 58.答案：ensure 59.答案：workable 60.答案：probably 61.答案：stolen 62.答案：neighborhood 63.答案：arrival 64.答案：helpful 65.答案：exciting
66.很明显你需要更多的英语口语练习。
It's obvious that you need more oral English practice.67.那个项目的完成时间比我们预想的早得多
The project was finished much earlier than we have expected.68.她坚持这项工作由一个有经验的工作来做
She insists that the work will/should be done by an experienced worker.69.北京奥运会开幕式展示了丰富多彩的中国文化。
The opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympics showed colorful Chinese culture.70.你说的与我们在实验中所发现的大相径庭。
What you said is quite different from what we discovered in the experiment.16 VII.Translation from English into Chinese（15 points）
Every profession or trade,every art , and every science has its technical vocabulary.Different occupations, however, differ widely in the character of their special vocabularies.In the trades and handcrafts, and other vocations（行业）,like farming and fishery, that have occupied great numbers of men from remote time,the technical vocabulary is very old.It consists largely of native words, or of borrowed words that have worked themselves into the very quality of our language.Hence, though highly technical in many particulars,these vocabularies are more familiar in sound ,and more generally understood, than most other technical terms,The special dialects of law, medicine, and philosophy have also become pretty familiar to cultivated persons and have enriched the popular vocabulary.译文：每种职业或行业，每门艺术，以及每个学科都有自己的专门用语。不过，不同行业专门用语的特征却大相径庭。商业、手工业以及农业和渔业，自古以来占用了大量的人力；这些行业的专门用语非常古老，主要是由本族词汇或已融入我们语言特征的外来词汇构成。这类用语虽然在许多细节上有很强的专门性，但与其它许多专门术语相比，它们的发音更为熟悉，也更为大多数人所理解。同样，法律、医学和哲学的专门用语对于受过教育的人来说非常熟悉，也大大丰富了日常词汇。
第四篇：高等教育自学考试行政管理学历年真题
全国2011年7月高等教育自学考试
行政管理学试题
课程代码：00277
一、单项选择题（本大题共25小题，每小题1分，共25分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。
1.行政管理学中最基本、最核心的概念是()
A.行政发展B.行政权力
C.行政职能D.行政管理
2.认为管理有计划、组织、指挥、协调和控制五大基本功能的是()
A.威尔逊B.古立克
C.法约尔D.泰罗
3.研究和学习行政管理学的根本方法是()
A.经验方法B.理论联系实际方法
C.案例方法D.比较方法
4.经济体制的核心是()
A.所有制关系B.分配机制
C.社会资源调配机制D.发展机制
5.在雷格斯的行政生态学模式中，与过渡型社会相适应的行政模式是()
A.融合型行政B.棱柱型行政
C.衍射型行政D.法理型行政
6.现代民主政治的核心是()
A.三权分立B.国家结构形式
C.主权在民D.国家法律
7.计划经济时期，我国中央政府的事权主要是()
A.经济管理权B.政治统治权
C.社会管理权D.文化管理权
8.“守夜人”政府时期指的是()
A.有限责任政府时期B.弱势政府时期
C.自由政府时期D.强势政府时期
9.在配置社会资源方面，人们一般将政府视为“看得见的手”，那么，被视为“看不见的手”的则是指（A.国家B.政党
C.企业D.市场机制
10.行政编制管理中最大量、最经常的工作是()
A.职能管理B.机构管理
C.人员编制管理D.财务管理
11.我国中央一级主管行政编制的机构是()
A.中央机构编制委员会B.国务院
C.中央组织部D.财政部
12.财务行政理论的创始人是()
A.斯坦因B.威尔逊
C.威洛比D.古德诺
13.对民间组织的登记、行政区划等事务的管理属于())
A.工商行政管理B.社会保障行政管理
C.民政行政管理D.人口行政管理
14.实行委员会制行政组织体制的典型国家是()
A.德国B.法国
C.英国D.瑞士
15.行政组织中最基本的构成要素是()
A.行政职位B.行政人员
C.行政体制D.精神要素
16.有限理性决策模式奉行的原则是()
A.最优原则B.最小化原则
C.满意原则D.模糊原则
17.最典型的事前监督是()
A.质询B.审计监督
C.国政调查D.听证会制度
18.在电子政务的概念中，核心内容是()
A.硬件系统B.政务
C.电子技术D.软件系统
19.行政管理过程中运用最普遍的行政管理方法是()
A.行政方法B.经济方法
C.法律方法D.行为方法
20.在我国，制定行政法规的权力属于()
A.全国人大B.省级政府
C.国务院D.国务院各部委
21.行政法律规范最基本的功能是()
A.规范与控制功能B.自我调节功能
C.导向和约束功能D.改革与稳定功能
22.在整个行政绩效体系中处于中枢与核心地位，且为经济发展和社会发展提供制度和法律保证的是()
A.文化发展B.社会公平
C.社会治安D.政治发展
23.行政机关利用法律、政策等手段进行社会管理活动和自身管理活动所产生的工作成就以及积极效果是
()
A.行政绩效B.行政效率
C.行政效益D.行政效果
24.在政府与公众的关系方面，企业家政府理论主张()
A.以政府为中心，围绕政府需求提供服务
B.以政府为中心，由政府规范公众行为
C.以公众为中心，政府围绕公众需求提供服务
D.以企业为中心，政府围绕企业需求提供服务
25.行政发展的根本动力来自于()
A.自然环境发展的需要
B.行政体系自身发展的需要
C.行政体系与行政环境相互适应的需要
D.社会大系统与其他子系统发展的需要
二、多项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选、少选或未选均无分。
26.20世纪40年代至70年代的行政管理学中具有代表性的理论主要有()
A.行为科学理论B.决策理论
C.系统理论D.新公共管理理论
E.政府治理理论
27.行政系统的文化环境因素可以划分为()
A.行政规范文化B.行政价值文化
C.行政功能文化D.行政运行文化
E.行政公共关系文化
28.行政权力的具体来源有()
A.强制力B.诱导力
C.组织制度D.信息
E.个人因素
29.改革开放前，我国“全能主义”职能模式的主要弊端有()
A.容易造成政府机构膨胀B.个人合法权益不足
C.资源配置效率低下D.企业和社会缺乏动力机制
E.容易产生腐败
30.影响行政机构改革的外部因素主要有()
A.经济体制转变B.政治制度转变
C.社会发展程度D.国际环境转变
E.行政人员冗余过多
31.宏观经济调控大致包括()
A.效益调控B.结构调控
C.规范性调控D.质量调控
E.总量调控
32.行政沟通行为的特点主要有()
A.交互性B.媒介性
C.单向性D.目的性
E.强制性
33.有代表性的现代行政决策理论模式主要有()
A.理性决策模式B.有限理性决策模式
C.渐进决策模式D.混合扫描决策模式
E.非理性决策模式
34.运用行政方法应遵循的原则主要有()
A.调查研究在先原则B.适度原则
C.坚持具体指导原则D.思想政治工作领先的原则
E.法治与心治相结合的原则
35.依法行政的基本内容有()
A.行政管理意识的法制化B.行政职权的法定化
C.行政编制的法定化D.行政程序的法定化
E.行政责任的法定化
三、简答题（本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分）
36.简述行政权力的公共性。
37.简述有限政府时期行政职能的发展趋势。
38.简述行政组织的变革趋势。
39.简要总结我国行政管理机构改革的基本经验。
40.简述依法行政与以德行政的相互联系。
四、论述题（本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分）
41.联系实际，分析克服行政绩效制约因素的有效途径。
42.试论述外源式行政发展模式的基本特征。
五、案例分析题（本题10分）
43.2009年，某市政府在盘点当地经济数据时，发现公务用烟中非本地产香烟所占比例巨大，致使该市每年烟草税收大量流失。为“引导公务人员为地方经济作贡献”，该市政府出台了《2009年市直单位公务用烟考核管理办法》，文件规定：全市所有行政、事业单位、服务中心公务用烟一律实行政府集中采购；对各单位公务用烟数量下达指导性计划任务，每月检查完成进度；未完成用烟计划的单位，由财政部门直接折价扣减该单位的办公经费。在这份文件后面还附有一份指导性计划表，表中规定全市各单位的年抽烟任务为23000条，如按每条烟170元的标准计算，全市各单位一年要抽掉近400万元，才能完成任务。该文件的出台立刻引起了许多媒体的关注，并对此事件进行大量报道和评论，社会各界，尤其是当地群众也对该项政策表达强烈不满。在这种压力下，该市政府紧急废除了该项政策，并对由此引起的不良影响向社会公开道歉。
问题：
(1)案例体现了什么形式的行政监督？
(2)除上述行政监督形式外，对行政机关的监督还有哪些主要形式？
(3)行政监督有什么意义？
第五篇：2010年4月自学考试线性代数真题
全国2010年4月高等教育自学考试
线性代数试题 课程代码：02198
说明：在本卷中，AT表示矩阵A的转置矩阵，A*表示矩阵A的伴随矩阵，E是单位矩阵，|A|表示方阵A的行列式.一、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）
在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。
1．设A，B，C均为n阶方阵，AB=BA，AC=CA，则ABC=（）A．ACB B．CAB C．CBA
D．BCA
2．设A为3阶方阵，B为4阶方阵，且行列式|A|=1，|B|=-2，则行列式||B|A|之值为（）A．-8 B．-2 C．2
D．8 a11a12a13a113a133．已知A=aaB=a1221a2223，a213aa，P=100030，Q=10031023，则B=（a31a32a3322a313a32a33001001A．PA B．AP C．QA
D．AQ
4．设A为m×n矩阵，C是n阶可逆矩阵，A的秩为r1，B=AC的秩为r，则（）A．r>r1 B．r=r1
C．r D．r与r1的关系不能确定 5．已知A是一个3×4矩阵，下列命题中正确的是（）A．若矩阵A中所有3阶子式都为0，则秩（A）=2 B．若A中存在2阶子式不为0，则秩（A）=2 C．若秩（A）=2，则A中所有3阶子式都为0 D．若秩（A）=2，则A中所有2阶子式都不为0 6．下列命题中错误．．的是（）A．只含有一个零向量的向量组线性相关 B．由3个2维向量组成的向量组线性相关 C．由一个非零向量组成的向量组线性相关 D．两个成比例的向量组成的向量组线性相关 7．已知向量组α1,α2,α3线性无关，α1,α2,α3,β线性相关，则（）A．α1必能由α2,α3,β线性表出 B．α2必能由α1,α3,β线性表出 C．α3必能由α1,α2,β线性表出 D．β必能由α1,α2,α3线性表出 8．设A为m×n矩阵，m≠n，则齐次线性方程组Ax=0只有零解的充分必要条件是A的秩（）） A．小于m C．小于n B．等于m D．等于n 9．设A为可逆矩阵，则与A必有相同特征值的矩阵为（）A．AT C．A-1 B．A2 D．A* 22210．二次型f(x1,x2,x3)x1x2x32x1x2的正惯性指数为（） A．0 C．2 B．1 D．3 二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）请在每小题的空格中填上正确答案。错填、不填均无分。11．行列式***0的值为_________.12．设A为n阶可逆矩阵，且|A|=1，则|A-1|=_________.n11320T13．设矩阵A=，B=，则AB=_________.20101211114．矩阵方程X=11的解X=_________.0115．设A为n阶矩阵，B为n阶非零矩阵，若B的每一个列向量都是齐次线性方程组Ax=0的解，则|A|=_________.xxx016．齐次线性方程组123的基础解系所含解向量的个数为_________.2xx3x0312117．设n阶可逆矩阵A的一个特征值是-3，则矩阵A2必有一个特征值为_________.31220的特征值为4，1，-2，则数x=_________.18．设矩阵A=2x200119．已知A=a12012b000是正交矩阵，则a+b=_________.120．二次型f(x1,x2,x3)4x1x22x1x36x2x3的矩阵是_________.三、计算题（本大题共6小题，每小题9分，共54分） abcc2cc3b221．计算行列式D=a2aa3bb30022．设A=0a4a10000a200的值.00，其中ai≠0（i=1,2,3,4），求A-1.a3023．设向量组α1=(2,1,3,1)T，α2=(1,2,0,1)T，α3=(-1,1,-3,0)T，α4=(1,1,1,1)T，求向量组的秩及一个极大线性无关组，并用该极大线性无关组表示向量组中的其余向量.x12x23x342x2ax32 有惟一解？有无穷多解？并在有解时求出其解（在有无穷多解24．问a为何值时，线性方程组2x2x3x6231时，要求用一个特解和导出组的基础解系表示全部解）.20025．求矩阵A=032的特征值和全部特征向量.023x1y12222P26．已知二次型f(x1,x2)5x1经正交变换4x1x25x2xy化为标准形f7y13y2，求所用的正交矩阵22P.四、证明题（本题6分） 27．设A，B都是n阶方阵，且|A|≠0，证明AB与BA相似.
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