第一篇:小学一年级英语语法
英语 一年级第一学期 Hi/Hello,…(打招呼)[Hi,Tommy.] 2 Good morning, …
I’m …(跟某人介绍自己)[Good morning,Miss Wang.I’m Tommy.] 3 What’s your name?(问人家名字)4 Who’s he?(介绍第三人<男性>)[Who’s he? He’s Mr King./He’s my father.] 5 Who’s she?(介绍第三人<女性>)[Who’s she? She’s Tom’s mother.] 6 Who are you? I’m ….(介绍自己身份)[Who are you? I’m a postman.] 7 Are you…?Yes,I am./No,I’m not.(问人家的职业)[Are you a milkman?] 8 What’s this/that in English? It’s…(用英语单词说一东西)[What’s this in English? Panda.] 9 Is it …?(它是…吗?Yes,it is./No,it isn’t.[Is it a cat? Yes,It’s Molly,a cat.] 10 Is it your …?Yes,it is./No,it isn’t.(它是你的…吗?)[Is it your peach?Yes,it is.] 11 My T-shirt is….(介绍衬衫是…的)[My T-shirt is black/long.] 12 What colour is …?It’s ….(东西是…颜色的?)[What colour is my coat?Green.] 13 I’ve got …(我有…)[I’ve got a new pencil-box.] 14 Have you got…?Yes,I have./No,I haven’t.(你有…吗?)[Have you got a sharpener?Yes,here you are.] 英语 一年级第二期 I’m not…(我不是…)[Hello,Tommy.I’m not Tommy.Sorry,Sandy.] 2 This is …(这是…)[This is my New Year’s gift.] 3 That is …(那是…)[That is the Huangpu River.] 4 He’s /She’s got …(他/她有…)[He’s got a big head.] 5 Has he/she got …Yes,he/she has.No,he/she hasn’t.(他/她有…吗?)[Has she got long hair?No.She’s got short hair.] 6 He’s/She’s/It’s ….(他/她/它是…)[He’s tall.] 7 I can smell/see …(我能闻到/看见…)[I can see the fish.] 8 It’s not ….It’s ….(它不是….它是…)[It’s not a cat.It’s a toy.] 9, … ,please.(购买某一物品时)[Milk,please.] 10 Let’s ….[Let’s play football.] 11 I like ….[I like dogs.] 12 I don’t like ….[I don’t like tigers.] 13 What’s he?He’s a/an ….(介绍职业)[What’s he?He’s a doctor.] 14 What’s she?She’s a /an …[What’s she?She’s an actress.]
第二篇:初中一年级英语语法
名师辅导:初中一年级英语语法
一、词法
1、名词
A)、名词的数
我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下:
一)在后面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四)以o结尾加s(外来词)。如:radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯
五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六)单复数相同(不变的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七)一般只有复数,没有单数的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
八)单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同学, family家,家庭成员
九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词。如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals;但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
十)有的单复数意思不同。如:fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸,卷子,论文, work工作 works作品,工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡 十一)单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如:Is(I’s), Ks(K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如:IDs, VCDs, SARs
十二)特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
B)名词的格
当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时,我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下:
一)单数在后面加’s。如:brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s
二)复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’,如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如:Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’;Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节
三)由and并列的名词所有时,如果是共同所有同一人或物时,只加最后一个’s,但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如:Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间(共住一间),Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间(各自的房间)
2、代词
2、代词
3、动词
A)第三人称单数
当动词是第三人称单数时,动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s,如下:
一)一般在词后加s。如:comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains
二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:watches, washes, wishes, finishes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如:study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries
2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys
四)以o结尾加es。如:does, goes
五)特殊的有:are-is, have-has
B)现在分词
当我们说某人正在做什么事时,动词要使用分词形式,不能用原形,构成如下:
一)一般在后加ing。如:spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing,hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
二)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如:dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking,practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如show –showing,draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting,let-letting, begin-beginning
四)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如:tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于
4、形容词的级
我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时,则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下:
一)一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如:greater-greatest, shorter –shortest,taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer-nicest, larger-largest
二)以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母(字母组合除外,如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾 的辅音再加er /est。如:big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest
三)以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如:happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest,friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest
四)特殊情况:(两好多坏,一少老远)
good/wellmore most bad/ill – worse worst
little-less least old-older/elder oldest/eldest far-farther/further farthest/furthest
5、数词(基变序,有规则;一、二、三,自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y结尾,变为i, eth跟上去。)first, second, third;fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth;seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth;
twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth
二、句式
1、一般现在时 表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时,它有: 1.陈述句
肯定陈述句 a)This is a book.(be动词)
b)He looks very young.(连系动词)
c)I want a sweat like this.(实义动词)
d)I can bring some things to school.(情态动词)
e)There’s a computer on my desk.(There be结构)
否定陈述句 a)These aren’t their books.b)They don’t look nice.c)Kate doesn’t go to No.4 Middle School.d)Kate can’t find her doll.e)There isn’t a cat here.(=There’s no cat here.)
2.祈使句
肯定祈使句 a)Please go and ask the man.b)Let’s learn English!
c)Come in, please.否定祈使句a)Don’t be late.b)Don’t hurry.3.疑问句
1)一般疑问句 a)Is Jim a student?
b)Can I help you?
c)Does she like salad?
d)Do they watch TV?
e)Is she reading?
肯定回答: a)Yes, he is.b)Yes, you can.c)Yes, she does.d)Yes, they do.e)Yes, she is.否定回答: a)No, he isn’t.b)No, you can’t.c)No, she doesn’t.d)No, they don’t.e)No, she isn’t.2)选择疑问句 Is the table big or small? 回答 It’s big./ It’s small.3)特殊疑问句
① 问年龄 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.② 问种类 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.③ 问身体状况 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.④ 问方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.How do we contact you? My e-mail address is cindyjones@163.com.⑤ 问原因 Why do you want to join the club?
⑥ 问时间 What’s the time?(=What time is it?)It’s a quarter to ten a.m..What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o’clock.When do you want to go? Let’s go at 7:00.⑦ 问地方 Where’s my backpack? It’s under the table.⑧ 问颜色 What color are they? They are light blue.What’s your favourite color? It’s black.⑨ 问人物 Who’s that? It’s my sister.Who is the boy in blue? My brother.Who isn’t at school? Peter and Emma.Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?
⑩ 问东西 What’s this/that(in English)? It’s a pencil case.What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.11问姓名 What’s your aunt’s name? Her name is Helen./She’s Helen.What’s your first name? My first name’s Ben.What’s your family name? My family name’s Smith.问哪一个 Which do you like? I like one in the box.问字母 What letter is it? It’s big D/small f.问价格 How much are these pants? They’re 15 dollars.问电话号码 What’s your phone number? It’s 576-8349.问谓语(动作)What’s he doing? He’s watching TV.问职业(身份)What do you do? I’m a teacher.What’s your father? He’s a doctor.三、时态
Be 动词:She’s a worker.Is she a worker? She isn’t a worker.情态动词:I can play the piano.Can you play the piano? I can’t play the piano.行为动词:They want to eat some tomatoes.Do they want to eat any tomatoes?
They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.Gina has a nice watch.Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn’t have a watch.2、现在进行时 表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态,结构为sb be v-ing sth + 其它.I’m playing baseball.Are you playing baseball? I’m not playing baseball.Nancy is writing a letter.Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn’t writing a letter.They’re listening to the pop music.Are they listening the pop music?
They aren’t listening to the pop music.
第三篇:初中一年级英语语法汇总
[键入文字]
2、代词
项目 人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 反身代词
人 称 主格 宾格 形容词 名词性
第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三人称 单数 she her her hers herself
he him his his himself
it it its its this that itself
复数 they them their theirs these those themselves
3、动词
A)第三人称单数
当动词是第三人称单数时,动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s,如下:
一)一般在词后加s。如:comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains
[键入文字]
二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:watches, washes, wishes, finishes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如:study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries
2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys
四)以o结尾加es。如:does, goes
五)特殊的有:are-is, have-has
B)现在分词
当我们说某人正在做什么事时,动词要使用分词形式,不能用原形,构成如下:
一)一般在后加ing。如:spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing,hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
二)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如:dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking,practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如show –showing,[键入文字]
draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting,let-letting, begin-beginning
四)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如:tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于
4、形容词的级
我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时,则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下:
一)一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如:greater-greatest, shorter –shortest,taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer-nicest, larger-largest
二)以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母(字母组合除外,如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾 的辅音再加er /est。如:big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest
三)以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如:happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest,friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest
四)特殊情况:(两好多坏,一少老远)
[键入文字]
good/wellmore most bad/ill – worse worst
little-less least old-older/elder oldest/eldest far-farther/further farthest/furthest
5、数词(基变序,有规则;一、二、三,自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y结尾,变为i, eth跟上去。)first, second, third;fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth;seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth;
twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth
[键入文字]
二、句式
1、一般现在时 表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时,它有:
1.陈述句
肯定陈述句 a)This is a book.(be动词)
b)He looks very young.(连系动词)
c)I want a sweat like this.(实义动词)
d)I can bring some things to school.(情态动词)
e)There’s a computer on my desk.(There be结构)
否定陈述句 a)These aren’t their books.b)They don’t look nice.c)Kate doesn’t go to No.4 Middle School.d)Kate can’t find her doll.e)There isn’t a cat here.(=There’s no cat here.)
2.祈使句
[键入文字]
肯定祈使句 a)Please go and ask the man.b)Let’s learn English!
c)Come in, please.否定祈使句a)Don’t be late.b)Don’t hurry.3.疑问句
1)一般疑问句 a)Is Jim a student?
b)Can I help you?
c)Does she like salad?
d)Do they watch TV?
e)Is she reading?
肯定回答: a)Yes, he is.b)Yes, you can.c)Yes, she does.d)Yes, they do.[键入文字]
e)Yes, she is.否定回答: a)No, he isn’t.b)No, you can’t.c)No, she doesn’t.d)No, they don’t.e)No, she isn’t.2)选择疑问句 Is the table big or small? 回答 It’s big./ It’s small.3)特殊疑问句
① 问年龄 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.② 问种类 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.③ 问身体状况 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.④ 问方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.How do we contact you? My e-mail address is cindyjones@163.com.⑤ 问原因 Why do you want to join the club?
⑥ 问时间 What’s the time?(=What time is it?)It’s a quarter to ten a.m..[键入文字]
What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o’clock.When do you want to go? Let’s go at 7:00.⑦ 问地方 Where’s my backpack? It’s under the table.⑧ 问颜色 What color are they? They are light blue.What’s your favourite color? It’s black.⑨ 问人物 Who’s that? It’s my sister.Who is the boy in blue? My brother.Who isn’t at school? Peter and Emma.Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?
⑩ 问东西 What’s this/that(in English)? It’s a pencil case.What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.11问姓名 What’s your aunt’s name? Her name is Helen./She’s Helen.What’s your first name? My first name’s Ben.What’s your family name? My family name’s Smith.问哪一个 Which do you like? I like one in the box.[键入文字] 问字母 What letter is it? It’s big D/small f.问价格 How much are these pants? They’re 15 dollars.问电话号码 What’s your phone number? It’s 576-8349.问谓语(动作)What’s he doing? He’s watching TV.问职业(身份)What do you do? I’m a teacher.What’s your father? He’s a doctor.三、时态
Be 动词:She’s a worker.Is she a worker? She isn’t a worker.情态动词:I can play the piano.Can you play the piano? I can’t play the piano.行为动词:They want to eat some tomatoes.Do they want to eat any tomatoes?
They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.Gina has a nice watch.Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn’t have a watch.2、现在进行时 表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态,结构为sb be v-ing sth + 其它.[键入文字]
I’m playing baseball.Are you playing baseball? I’m not playing baseball.Nancy is writing a letter.Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn’t writing a letter.They’re listening to the pop music.Are they listening the pop music?
They aren’t listening to the pop music.
第四篇:初中一年级英语语法
初一年级英语语法
1、名词
A)、名词的数
我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下:
一)在后面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四)以o结尾加s(外来词)。如:radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯
五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六)单复数相同(不变的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿, Chinese, Japanese
七)一般只有复数,没有单数的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
八)单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同学, family家,家庭成员
九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词。如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals;但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
十)有的单复数意思不同。如:fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸,卷子,论文, work工作 works作品,工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡
十一)单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如:Is(I’s), Ks(K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如:IDs, VCDs, SARs
十二)特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
B)名词的格
当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时,我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下:
一)单数在后面加’s。如:brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s
二)复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’,如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如:Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’;Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节
三)由and并列的名词所有时,如果是共同所有同一人或物时,只加最后一个’s,但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如:Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间(共住一间),Mike’s and 1 Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间(各自的房间)
2、代词
主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词
反身代词
I
me
my
mine
myself
you
you
your
yours
yourself
he
him
his
his
himself
she
her
her
hers
herself
It
it
its
its
itself
We
us
our
ours
ourselves
They them
their
theirs
themselves
3、动词
A)第三人称单数
当动词是第三人称单数时,动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s,如下:
一)一般在词后加s。如:comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains 二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:watches, washes, wishes, finishes 三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如:study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries 2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys 四)以o结尾加es。如:does, goes 五)特殊的有:are-is, have-has
B)现在分词
当我们说某人正在做什么事时,动词要使用分词形式,不能用原形,构成如下:
一)一般在后加ing。如:spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
二)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如:dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning
四)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如:tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于
4、形容词的级
我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时,则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下:
一)一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如:greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer-nicest, larger-largest
二)以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母(字母组合除外,如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /est。如:big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest
三)以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如:happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest
四)特殊情况:(两好多坏,一少老远)
good/wellmore most bad/ill – worse worst
little-less least old-older/elder oldest/eldest far-farther/further farthest/furthest
5、数词(基变序,有规则;一、二、三,自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y结尾,变为i, eth跟上去。)first, second, third;fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth;seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth;twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth 3
第五篇:小学英语语法
小学英语语法大全
小学的英语语法趋向于简单,却是初中高中英语语法的基础。下面是 给大家整理的小学英语语法的相关知识,供大家参阅!小学英语语法:名词
一、定义:名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西,也可以是表示抽象的东西。
二、分类
1.名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词
如:john is a student.student是普通名词,john是专有名词 普通名词前可以用不定冠词a/an, 定冠词the 或不加冠词,专有名词前一般不加冠词,专有名词的首字母要大写。
2.普通名词又可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词,其中个体名词与集体名词是可数名词,物质名词和抽象名称是不可数名词。
3.专有名词:专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词,多为独一无二的事物。
三、名词的数
1、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词——可以数的名词 不可数名词——数不清(没有复数)Drink: milk tea water orange juice coke coffee porridge Food: rice bread meat fish fruit cake dumplings
2、可数名词与不定冠词a(an)连用有数数形式,不可数名词不能与不定冠词a(an)连用,没有复数形式 many+可数名词复数 much/a little+不可数名词
some, any , a lot of(lots of)两者都可以修饰。
3、可数名词可以直接用数词来修饰 不可数名词:数词 +量词 +of + 名词 对可数名词的数量提问用how many 对不可数名词的数量提问用 how much
4、不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法:
1)some, much ,a little ,a lot of ,a bit of , plenty of 用等表示多少。
※既可以与可数名词复数,又可以与不可数名词连用的有:plenty of ,some ,a lot of ,lots of ,most of 等。如there is much water in the bottle.瓶中有很多水。
i'll tell you much good news.我要告诉你许多好消息。we should collect some useful information我们应该收集一些有用的消息。
2)用单位词表示。用a...of 表示。
如 a cup of(一杯......),a bottle of(一瓶......)a piece of(一张......),a pair of shoes(一双鞋)如two cups of tea(两杯茶),five pieces of paper(五张纸)※单位词后的动词单复数形式往往取决于单位词的单复数形式;千、百等数词与名词加用,表示复数时,数词仍保持单数,名词变复数。
如two hundred students(200名学生)ten thousand trees(10000棵树)测试点he caught a lot of fish他抓到了许多鱼(此处为许多条鱼,fish的复数仍为fish或fishes)=he caught a lot of fishes.the paper is about some fresh-water fishes.这篇论文是有关几种淡水鱼的。(此处fish表示不同种类的鱼,加复数词尾-es)
5、可数名词分为单数和复数。
名词单数就是该词本身,在其前面加a或an。1)单数 如a desk(一张桌子)an old desk(一张旧书桌)2)复数:要表示一个以上概念时,要用名词复数形式 小学英语语法:冠 词
一、定义
冠词是一种虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前面(相当于名词的帽子),帮助指明名词的含义。
二、分类
共3类:定冠词(the definite article),不定冠词(the indefinite article)、零冠词(zero article)。
三、用法
1、定冠词的用法 a、an与数词one 同源,是“一个”的意思。a用于辅音音素前,而an则用于元音音素前。
(1)表示某一类人或某事物中的任何一个,经常用在第一次提到某人或某物时,用不定冠词起介绍教学资料
作用,表示一个。
i gave him a book yesterday.我昨天给了他一本书
i am reading an interesting story.我在读一则有趣的故事。(2)表示人或事物的某一种类, 强调整体, 即以其中的一个代表一类。
a horse is useful to mankind.马对人类有用。
(3)不定冠词用在事物的“单位”前,如时间, 速度, 价格等意义的名词之前,表示 “每一”。we often go to school two times a day.我们常常一天两次去学校。
i went to the library once a week at least.(4)不定冠词用来指某人某物,但不具体说明任何人或任何物。a boy came to see you a moment ago.刚才有一个小孩来找你。
(5)在序数词前表示“又一;再一”时。如: i want to read the story a second time 我想再读一遍这篇小说。
(6)表示不特定的“某一个”时。如: a mr.smith is calling on the phone.有一位史密斯先生来电 话找你。
(7)在特定的短语里表示特定的含义,与不可数名词连用,如: have a good time 过得高兴(8)一日三餐前有修饰语时。如:-mum, what shall we have for lunch?-jiaozi.-oh, what a wonderful lunch!i enjoy it very much.(9)在形容词最高级前表示“非常”时。如: lesson nine is a most difficult lesson, but it isn't the most difficult one.(10)不定冠词用于某些词组中。
a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden 小学英语语法: 介词
一、定义
介词preposition缩写prep.,又叫前置词,表示其后的名词或代词(或是相当于名词的其他短语或从句)与其他句子成分的关系。介词是一种虚词,不能单独在句中作成分。
二、介词的用法
1、表示时间的(at、on、in、at、before ,after、by、until、through、from、since、within)(1)at:用于表示时刻,时间的某一点。
at noon在午时 at night在夜间 at present目前
(2)on:用于星期,某天,某一天的上午、下午、晚上(指具体的某一天时,一律用)on sunday在星期天 on sunday morning 在星期天的上午
on march 8 在3月8日
(3)in:用于表示周、月、季节、年、泛指上午、下午、晚上。in 1999 在1999年 in november 在11月份 in summer 在夏季 in the afternoon在下午 过……后(未来时间)i think he will be back in an hour.我想他一小时后就会回来。i heard that she would be back in a month.我听说她一个月后回来的。
(4)before:在……之前
wei hua got up before 7 o’clock this morning.今天早晨,魏华在7点之前起床了。
(5)after:在……之后
after that ,no noe should ever kill a seagull.从那时起,任何人不得捕杀海鸥。
(6)by:在……前(时间),截止(到)…… by the time i arrived ,she had already gone.在我到达之前,她已经走了。(7)for:达……之久(表示过了多少时间),可以和一般现在时,过去时,将来时连用,但是经常和完成时连用。
florence often worked for twenty-four hours without rest.弗洛沦斯常常工作24小时而不休息。(8)during:在……期间
during the lifetime of one man ,north america and europe will more further apart by nearly two metres.在一个人的一生期间,北美洲和欧洲由于漂移,其间的距离将要增加差不多两米。
(9)through:一直……(从开始到结束)he ,who led the united states through these years ,was shot on april 14, 1865 ,at a theater in washington 领导美国度过了这些年代的他,于1865年4月14日在美国华盛顿一家戏院里被人枪杀。
(10)from:从……起(时间)the worders were made to work from 7 in the morning to 7 in the evening.工人们被迫从早7点工作到晚7点。
(11)since:自从……以来(表示从以前某时一直到现在仍在继续)since that time ,my eyes had never been very good.从那时起,我的眼睛一直不是很好。
(12)within:不……超过的范围
he will arrive within an hour.他一小时内就人到。
2、表示地点(at、in、on、under、over、above、below、near、by、between、among、around、around、in front of、behind、in、into、out of、along、across、,through、to、for、from)(1)at:在某地点(表示比较狭窄的场所)at school上学 at home在家 at 320 xinfu district 在新抚区320号
at the station 在火车站
(2)in:在某地(表示比较宽敞的场所)she will arrive in shanghai at ten.10点她将到达上海。(3)表示地点方向的on ,under ,over ,above ,below ①on:在……上面,有接触面 on the table 在桌子上面 ②above:在……上方
sometimes juliana could hear planes above the trees.有时朱莉安娜能听到树林上空的飞机声。
③over:在……正上方,是under的反义词 over these tombs ,they built pyramids.在这些坟墓上,他们建起了金字塔。
④under:在……下面,在……之内 the twin sisters put the basket under the tree.这姐俩把篮子放到了树下。⑤below:在……下方,(不一定是正下方)three thousand metres below her ,she could see nothing except the thick jungle.3000米以下,除了茂密的丛林之外,她什么也看不见。看过小学英语语法的相关知识的人还