第一篇：2013年职称英语《卫生类A级》模考押题班-中大网校
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2013年职称英语《卫生类A级》模考押题班
总分：100分
及格：60分
考试时间：120分
第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定l个意义最为接近的选项。
(1)The news will horrify everyone.A.attract B.terrify C.tempt D.excite
(2)The article sketched the major events of the decade.A.described B.offered C.outlined D.presented
(3)I won't tolerate that kind of behaviour.A.bear B.accept C.admit D.take
(4)Their style of playing football is utterly different.A.barely B.scarcely C.hardly D.totally
(5)Her sister urged her to apply for the job.A.advised B.caused C.forced D.promised 中大网校
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Park, could you have one? No chance.Drinking alcohol in public isn’t allowed.If you decided to feed the birds with the last crumbs（碎屑）of your sandwich, you could be arrested.It’s illegal.If you went to A.bar for A.drink and A.cigarette, that would be OK, wouldn’t it? You can’t smoke in public in New York City.What’s going on? Why is the city that used to be so open-minded becoming like this? The mayor of New York is behind it all.He has brought in A.whole lot of new laws to stop citizens from doing what they want, when they want（you mustn’t use two seats in the subway）.Elle and Serge Schroitman were fined for blocking A.driveway with their car.It was their own driveway.The angry editor of Vanity Fair magazine, Graydon Carter, says, “Under New York City law it is acceptable to keep A.gun in your place of work, but not an empty ashtray.” He should know.The police came to his office and took away his ashtray（烟灰缸）.But not all of New York’s inhabitants are complaining.MarciA.Dugarry, 72, said, “The city has changed for the better.If more cities had these laws, AmericA.would be A.better place to live.” Nicon Patokis, 38, A.barman, said, “ I like the new laws.If people smoked in here, we’d go home smelling of cigarettes.”Recent figures show that New York now has fewer crimes per 100,000 people than 193 other US cities.And it’s ture—it’s safer, cleaner and more healthy than before.But let’s be honest—who goes to New York for its clean streets?{TS}Some activities have recently become illegal in New York.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
(2)It is now illegal to smoke or drink alcohol anywhere in New York.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
(3)Eating apples in the park is illegal.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
(4)The businessmen like the new laws.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
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(5)Elle and Serge Schroitman parked their car on the public driveway.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
(6)The editor of Vanity Fair magazine thinks some of the new laws are stupid.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
(7)New York is cleaner and safer than before.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意和完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
(1)根据以下资料，回答{TSE}题。Things to Know about the UK1
From Buckingham Palace to Oxford, the UK is loaded with wonderful icons of past eras.But it has also modernized with confidence.It’s now better known for vibrant cities with great nightlife and attraction.Fashions, fine dining, clubbing, shopping—the UK is also the world’s best.2
Most people have strong preconceptions about the British.But if you’re one of these people, you’d be wise to abandon those ideas.Visit a nightclub in one of the big cities, a football match, or a good local pub and you might more readily describe the English people as humorous and hospitable.It’s certainly true that no other country in the world has more bird-watchers, sports supporters, pet owners and gardeners than the UK.3
Getting around England is pretty easy.Budget airlines like Easyjet and Rynnair fly domestically.Trains can deliver you very efficiently from one major city to another.Long distance express buses are called coaches.Where coaches and buses run on the same route, coaches are more expensive(though quicker)than buses.London’s famous black cabs are excellent but expensive.Minicabs are cheaper competitors, with freelance drivers.But usually you need to give a call first.London’s underground is called the Tube.It’s very convenient and can get you to almost any part of the city.4
The UK is not famous for its food.But you still need to know some of the traditional English foods.The most famous must be fish and chips.The fish and chips are deep fried in flour.English breakfast is something you 中大网校
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need to try.It is fried bacon, sausages, fried eggs, black pudding, fried tomatoes, fried bread and baked beans, with toast and a pot of tea.Other things like shepherd’s pie and Yorkshire pudding are also well-known as a part of English food culture.5
Pubbing and clubbing are the main forms of English nightlife, especially for the young.Pubbing means going to a pub with friends, having drinks, and chatting.Clubbing is different from pubbing and includes going to a pub, or a place of music, or a bar, or any other places to gather with friends.Clubbing can be found everywhere.Usually there is some kind of dress code for clubbing, such as no jeans, no sportswear, or smart clubwear, while pubbing is much more casual.{TS}Paragraph 2________
(2)Paragraph 3________
(3)Paragraph 4________
(4)Paragraph 5________ A.Education B.people C.Transport D.Drinks E.Food F.Nightlife
(5)The UK is country that is________
(6)The British people are________
(7)Coaches in the UK are________
(8)Fish and chips are________ A.faster but more expensive than buses B.both ancient and modern C.humorous and hospitable D.cheap and efficient E.traditional and famous F.clever and hardworking
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第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定l个最佳选项。
(1)根据以下资料，回答{TSE}题。Marriage and Life Span
Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life.Relationships with family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all do the trick, but the biggest longevity(长寿.boost seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship.The effect was first noted in 1858 by William Farr, who wrote that widows(寡妇.and widowers(鳏夫.were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers.Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a man’s life and two to a woman’s.The effect holds for all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm.Even if the odds are stacked against you, marriage can more than compensate.Linda Waite of the University
of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart.Likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesn’t smoke.There’s a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouse’s death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems.Even so, the odds favour marriage.In a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, Nicholas
Christakis of Harvard Medical
School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.So how does it work? The effects are complex, affected by socio-economic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physiological mechanisms.For example, social contact can boost development of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chance of depression later in life.People in supportive relationships may handle stress better.Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner.A life partner, children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100.The ultimate social network is still being mapped out, but Christakis says: “People are interconnected, so their health is interconnected.” {TS}According to the first paragraph, William Farr’s study and other studies show that
A.social life provides an effective cure for illness B.being sociable helps improve one’s quality of life C.women benefit more than men from marriage D.marriage contributes a great deal to longevity
(2)Which of the following is true of Linda Waite’s studies? A.Older men should quit smoking to stay healthy B.Marriage can be helpful in spite of ill health and unhealthy habits C.Marriage can help cure heart disease D.Unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life
(3)All of the following statements about married life are true EXCEPT 中大网校
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A.There is no disadvantages in a married life B.A married man with heart problem lives longer than an unmarried man C.A married smoker lives as long as an unmarried non-smoker D.married people are more likely to die following the spouse’s death
(4)The word “physiological” in the last but one paragraph can be best replaced by A.medical B.physical C.biological D.ecological
(5)What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.It’s important that we develop a social network when young.B.Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span.C.To stay healthy, one should have a proper social network.D.We should share our social networks with each other.(6)根据以下资料，回答{TSE}题。The Definition of Success
There are many ways of defining success.It is accurate to say that each of us has our own concept of success to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting our own goals and determining whether we have met these goals satisfactorily.Because each of us possesses unique differences in genetic ability and favorable environments in which to express these abilities, it is necessarily true that we must define success broadly.For some people, simply being able to live their life with a minimum of misery and suffering is considered a success.Think of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who tends his sheep, enjoys his frugal life with his family in the beauty of nature, and who is respected because he does a good job of achieving the goals expected of and accepted by him and his society.On the other hand, it seems that even though some people appear to be rich in material possessions, many of them seem to be miserable and consider themselves unsuccessful when judged by their own goals of success.Because not all ventures can be successful, one should not set unrealistic goals for achieving success, but if one has self-confidence it would be unfortunate to set one’s goals at too low a level of achievement.A wise counselor(顾问.once said to a young man who was experiencing frustration with his own professional success: “You do not have to set your goal to reach the moon in order to have success in traveling.Sometimes one can be very successful merely by taking a walk in the park, or riding the subway downtown,” The counselor added,“You have not really failed and spoiled your chances for success until you have been unsuccessful at something you really like, and to which you have given your best effort.”{TS}According to the first paragraph, what are essential in achieving success? 中大网校
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A.ability and goals B.goals and determination C.ability and environment D.goals and environment
(7)The word “frugal”in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to A.wealthy B.wasteful C.thrifty D.miserable
(8)Some rich people consider themselves unsuccessful because A.their life is miserable B.they do not live in peace C.their goals are too low D.they are not rich enough by their own standards
(9)It can be inferred from the last paragraph that A.we should have high goals B.success means achieving great goals C.success means taking a walk in the park D.success means trying one’s best at what one really likes
(10)This passage mainly talks about A.how to define success B.how to achieve success C.how to set goals D.the importance of goals
(11)根据以下资料，回答{TSE}题。Sauna
Ceremonial bathing has existed for thousands of years and has many forms, one of which is the sauna.The Firms have perfected the steam bath, or sauna, which may be taken, usually in an enclosed room, by pouring water over hot rocks or as a dry heat bath.The Japanese, Greeks, Turks and Russians as well as Native Americans have forms of the sweat bath in their bathing rituals.Dry heat and steam baths 中大网校
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had advocates in ancient Rome and pre-Columbian Americans used sweat lodges.The earliest saunas were probably underground caves heated by a fire that naturally filled with smoke as chimney making was unknown at that time.A fire kept in a fire-pit would heat the rock walls of the cave.After reaching full heat, the smoke was let out of the cave and the stones would retain heat for several hours.A few people today say that the smoke sauna, “savusauna”, is the only true sauna experience and that all saunas should have at least a background odor or smoke.Today most saunas use electric stoves, although gas and wood-burning stoves are available.Saunas are relaxing and stress relieving.Those with muscle aches or arthritis may find that the heat relaxes muscles and relieves pain and inflammation.Asthma patients find that the heat enlarges air passageways of the lung and facilitates breathing.Saunas do not cure the common cold but they may help to alleviate congestion and speed recovery time.The body’s core temperature usually rises a 1-2 degrees while in the sauna, thus imitating a slight fever.The sauna could be considered to follow the old saying “feed a cold, starve a fever”.The regular use of a sauna may decrease the likelihood of getting a cold in the first place.Sauna is good for your skin as the blood flow to the skin increases and sweating occurs.Adults sweat about 2 lbs of water per hour on average in a sauna.A good sweat removes dirt and grime from pores and gives the skin a healthy glow.The loss in water weight is temporary as the body’s physiological mechanisms will quickly restore proper volumes.The cardiovascular system gets a work out as the heart must pump harder and faster to move blood to the surface for heat exchange.Heart rate may increase from 72 beats per minute on average to 100-150 beats per minute.A normal heart can handle these stresses but those with heart trouble wishing to begin to use a sauna should seek a doctor’s advice.The elderly and those with diabetes should check with their doctor prior to beginning to take saunas.Pregnant women should not take saunas, particularly in the first three months.Indeed, everyone just starting out should take short sessions at first to become accustomed to this type of bath.{TS} Which of the following about sauna is NOT true, according to the first paragraph A.Sauna is called the sauna by Finns B.Sauna is equivalent to the steam bath C.Sauna is held in an enclosed room D.Sauna has various forms
(12)Sauna ________is considered by some people to be the true sauna experience? A.in underground caves.B.with smoke.C.using wood-burning stoves.D.using electric stoves.(13)According to the third paragraph, saunas can do all of the following EXCEPT ________ A.reducing the chance of getting cold B.speeding up recovery time of illness 中大网校
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C.curing people of asthma D.relieving stress and pain
(14)According to the fourth paragraph, sauna gives the skin a healthy glow because ________ A.pores are cleaned by sweat B.water is lost by sweating C.blood moves to the surface for heat exchange D.the heart pumps harder and faster
(15)According to the last paragraph, All of the following people are advised not to take a sauna EXCEPT A.Elderly people.B.Pregnant women.C.Asthma patients D.People with heart trouble.第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。
(1)根据以下资料，回答{TSE}题。acqueline Kennedy
Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy
Onassis was one of the most private women in the world, yet when she went to work as an editor in the last two decades of her life, she revealed herself as she did nowhere else.After the death of her second husband, Aristotle Onassis, Jacqueline's close friend Letitia Baldrige made a suggestion that she consider a career in publishing.___46___ Perhaps she hoped to find there some ideas about how to live her own life.___47___
During her time in publishing, she was responsible for managing and editing more than 100 successfully marketed books.Among the first books were In the Russian Style and Inventive Paris Clothes.She also succeeded in persuading TV hosts Bill Moyers and Joseph Campbell to transform their popular television conversations into a book, The Power of Myth.____48___.She dealt, too, with Michael Jackson as he prepared his autobiography, Moonwalk.Jacqueline may have been hired for her name and for her social relations, but she soon proved her worth.____49____.In the books she selected for publication, she built on a lifetime of spending time by herself as a reader and left a record of the growth of her mind.Her books are the autobiography she never wrote.Her role as the First Lady, in the end, was overshadowed by her performance as an editor._____50_____{TS}请在第____处填上正确答案。
(2)请在第____处填上正确答案。
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(3)请在第____处填上正确答案。
(4)请在第____处填上正确答案。
(5)请在第____处填上正确答案。
A.For the last 20 years of her life, Jacqueline worked as a publisher's editor, pursuing(追求)a latelife career longer than her two marriages combined.B.After consideration, Jacqueline accepted it.C.The book went on to become an international best-seller.D.She had successfully lived her own life in a way she always wanted.E.However, few knew that she had achieved so much.F.Her choices, widespread social relations were of benefit both to the publishing firms and to Jacqueline herself.第6部分：完形填空(第52～65题，每题1分，共15分)下面的短文有l5处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定l个最佳选项。
(1)根据以下资料，回答{TSE}题。Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores
Young adults who are fit have a higher IQ and are
likely to go on to university, reveals a major new study carried out at the Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hospital.The results were recently
in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences(PNAS).The study involved 1.2 million Swedish men doing military service who were born between 1950 and 1976.The research group analysed the results of both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took right after they started
the army.The study shows a clear
between good physical fitness and better results for the IQ test.The strongest links are for logical thinking and verbal comprehension.But it is only fitness that
a role in the results for the IQ test, and not strength.“Being fit means that you also have good heart and lung
56
and that your brain gets plenty of
57
,” says Michael Nilsson, professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital.“This may be one of the reasons
58
we can see a clear link with fitness, but not with muscular
59
.We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important.”
By analysing data for twins, the researchers have been
60
to determine that it is primarily environmental factors and not genes that explain the link
fitness and a higher IQ.“We have also shown that those youngsters
improve their physical fitness between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitive performance,” says Maria Aberg, researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre.“This being the case, physical education is a subject that has an
place in schools, and is an absolute must if
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we want to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects.”
The researchers have also compared the results from fitness tests during national service with the socio-economic status of the men
in life.Those who were fit at 18 were more likely to
into higher education, and many secured more qualified jobs.{TS}请在第_____处填上正确答案。A.more B.less C.many D.little
(2)请在第_____处填上正确答案。A.write B.done C.published D.read
(3)请在第_____处填上正确答案。A.doing B.serving C.founding D.living
(4)请在第_____处填上正确答案。A.link B.join C.compound D.line
(5)请在第_____处填上正确答案。A.plays B.games C.does D.finds
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(6)请在第_____处填上正确答案。A.treatment B.disease C.shape D.capacity
(7)请在第_____处填上正确答案。A.change B.hydrogen C.memory D.oxygen
(8)请在第_____处填上正确答案。A.what B.where C.how D.why
(9)请在第_____处填上正确答案。A.exercise B.training C.strength D.movement
(10)请在第_____处填上正确答案。A.lucky B.clever C.able D.clear
(11)请在第_____处填上正确答案。A.containing B.before C.between 中大网校
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D.including
(12)请在第_____处填上正确答案。A.whom B.who C.whose D.whoever
(13)请在第_____处填上正确答案。A.different B.important C.wonderful D.endless
(14)请在第_____处填上正确答案。A.later B.after C.without D.during
(15)请在第_____处填上正确答案。A.go B.come C.leave D.arrive
答案和解析
第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定l个意义最为接近的选项。(1):B(2):C(3):A(4):D(5):A 中大网校
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(6):B(7):D(8):A(9):C(10):C(11):A(12):B(13):D(14):C(15):A 第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。(1):A(2):B(3):B(4):C(5):B(6):A(7):A 第3部分：概括大意和完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。(1):B(2):C(3):E(4):F(5):B(6):C(7):A(8):E 第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定l个最佳选项。(1):D(2):B(3):A(4):B(5):C(6):C(7):C(8):D(9):D(10):A(11):B 中大网校
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(12):B(13):D(14):C(15):A 第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。(1):B(2):A(3):C(4):F(5):E 第6部分：完形填空(第52～65题，每题1分，共15分)下面的短文有l5处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定l个最佳选项。(1):A(2):C(3):B(4):A(5):A(6):D(7):D(8):D(9):C(10):C(11):C(12):B(13):B(14):A(15):A
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第二篇：2012年职称英语考试《卫生类》押题试卷-中大网校
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2012年职称英语考试《卫生类》押题试卷(5)总分：100分
及格：60分
考试时间：120分
第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有l5个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
(1)In 1860 Andrew Johnson often risked his life by telling crowds of people that secession from the Union would be harmful.A.A theft B.B withdrawal C.C education
—中大网校+在线考试中心— D.D judgment
(2)Swallows nest in barns, sheds, chunneys and other secluded places.A.A isolated B.B high
—中大网校+在线考试中心— C.C comfortable D.D rural
(3)Penguins do not suffer from the cold in Antarctica because their feathers secrete a protective oil.A hide B warm
—中大网校+在线考试中心—C produce D absorb
(4)The most widely seen sculptural work done by Augusta Savage was probably “Lift Every Voice and Sing”, shown at the 1939—1940 New York world's fair.A.A viewed B.B painted
—中大网校+在线考试中心— C.C circulated D.D discussed
(5)The community college is the most rapidly growing segment of higher education in the United States.A.A core B.B idea C.C sector D.D problem
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(6)Scott seized the opportunity to present his proposal to the director.中大网校
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A.A realized B.B grasped
—中大网校+在线考试中心— C.C rendered D.D delivered
(7)The sensation of a “lump in one's throat ” arises from an increased flow of blood into the tissues of the pharynx and larynx.A.A explanation B.B disease C.C feeling D.D unpleasantness
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(8)Kit Carson, an American frontiersman, was one of the most sensational heroes of the Old West.A.A exciting B.B distracting C.C enigmatic D.D ostentatious
(9)Some insects rely on the tiny hairs scattered over their bodies to sense sound waves.A.A detect B.B amplify C.C send D.D disguise
(10)In most places, the edges of the continents slope gradually before making a sharp drop to the ocean floor.A.A random B.B sudden C.C dangerous D.D brief
(11)Cameras take the sharpest pictures when they are held still.A.A clearest B.B fastest C.C most interesting D.D most beautiful
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(12)Throughout the year 1979, there was a sharply rising rate of inflation in the United States.A.A grimly B.B steeply C.C constantly D.D roughly
(13)The city of New Orleans showed its appreciation for Eleanor McMain's work in social reform by giving her the Times-Picayune award for out-standing service in 1920.A.A demonstrated B.B published C.C repeated D.D postponed
(14)If wool is submerged in hot water, it tends to shrink.A.A smell B.B fade C.C unravel D.D contract
(15)Trees, shrubs, flowers, and grass give character and interest to the parks.A.A vines B.B vegetables C.C bushes D.D weeds
第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
(1)中大网校
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(2)The third paragraph tells us that bees also regard red as a colour.A.A Right B.B Wrong C.C Not mentioned
(3)The experiment described in the second paragraph aimed to find out that bees are not able to see grey as a colour.A.A Right B.B Wrong C.C Not mentioned
(4)An artificial rainbow was created for the experiment to see whether bees can recognize the ultra-violet as a colour.中大网校
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A.A Right B.B Wrong C.C Not mentioned
(5)The fourth paragraph tells us that bees may be harmed by ultra-violet light.A.A Right B.B Wrong C.C Not mentioned
(6)We can conclude from the passage that bees recognize colours in the same way as human beings.A.A Right B.B Wrong C.C Not mentioned
(7)Bees are more sensitive to colours than human beings.A.A Right B.B Wrong C.C Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)(1)中大网校
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(2)Paragraph 3__________
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(3)Paragraph 4__________
(4)Paragraph 5__________
(5)
(6)Many professors like to teach in this university partly because here__________.(7)On the faculty of the university there are__________.(8)Financial support from both private organizations and the government has made possible__________.第4部分：阅读理解：第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
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(2)Which of the following statements is true according to the text?__________ A.A Doctors will be held guilty it they risk their patients' deat B.B Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recover C.C The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication should be prescribe 中大网校
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D.D A doctor's medication is no longer justified by his intention
(3)According to the NAS's report, one of the problems in end-of-life care is__________.A.A prolonged medical procedures B.B inadequate treatment of pain C.C systematic drug abuse D.D insufficient hospital care
(4)Which of the following best defines the word “aggressive”(line 3, paragraph 7)?__________ A.A Bol B.B Harmfu C.C Careles D.D Desperat
(5)George Annas would probably agree that doctors should be punished if they__________.A.A manage their patients incompetently B.B give patients more medicine than needed C.C reduce drug dosages for their patients D.D prolong the needless suffering of the patients
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(7)According to the third paragraph, how many problems does department stores face?__________ A.A Only tw B.B Only on C.C Only thre D.D Only fou
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(8)In this passage, “horizontal competition” refers to__________.A.A competition between department stores and other kinds of retailing business B.B relying on discount retailing and advertising extensively C.C competition between different department stores D.D competition between different retail chains
(9)The measures taken by department stores include all of the following except__________.A.A reducing original lines of goods B.B rejecting rich customers C.C selling goods at “everyday low prices” D.D refocusing target markets
(10)The passage suggests strongly that__________.A.A pricing is a crucial issue to retailer
B.B successful retailers always sell goods at very low prices C.C successful retailers always target middle-income customers D.D successful retailers generally sell fashionable goods
第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)(1)中大网校
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(2)（）
(3)（）
(4)（）
(5)（）
第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
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(2)A married
B engagedC linked D loved
(3)A which
B thatC thisD what
(4)A life B marriage
C partnerD spouse
(5)A young
B old C singleD experienced
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(6)A monitorsB doctors
C nurses D researchers
(7)A take B do C make
D want
(8)A supportive B activeC representative
D protective
(9)A most B lower
C higher D least
(10)A pressure
B speedC level D flow
(11)A stoppedB dropped
C rose D ran
(12)A more B some
C muchD any
(13)A page B number
C copy D issue
(14)A nor B both
C neitherD either
(15)A anotherB each
C otherD every
答案和解析
第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有l5个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。(1):B
(2):A
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(3):C
(4):A
(5):C
(6):B
(7):C
(8):A
(9):A
(10):B
(11):A
(12):B
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(13):A
(14):D
(15):C
第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
(1):A 选择A的依据是第二段的最后一句：In this way we have proved that they do really see blue as a colour．
(2):B 答案B的依据是第三段的最后一句，即该段对所做实验的结论：This means that red is not a colour at all for bees；„
(3):B Bees不飞向grey，是因为它们寻找的是blue card上的syrup，而不是因为看不见灰色。第三段告诉我们，bees能够看见灰色。
(4):A 最后一段告诉我们，彩虹边缘外的紫外线是我们看不见的，但已经发现bees把紫外线看作是一种颜色，这是通过训练bees飞向彩虹在不同色谱上的果汁而获得的发现，而这条彩虹是用实验室里的棱镜造成的。
(5):C 该段只告诉我们bees将ultra-violet看作是一种颜色，没有提到是否会受到ultra-violet light的伤害。
(6):B 整篇文章从不同的角度告诉我们，bees是以与人类不同的方式来辨别颜色的。(7):C 文章没有涉及bees对颜色的敏感度这一话题，只在第三段提到这些昆虫的colour sense(色感)与人类的不同。第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)(1):B 本段主要讲这所大学招收的学生都是中学毕业生中的佼佼者。(2):D 中大网校
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这段中列举了一系列教授中的诺贝尔奖金获得者，可见师资总体水平之高。(3):A 这一段介绍了学校的文化体育活动。(4):E 这一段讲了学校得到的一些经济资助。(5):E 这里缺的是句子的谓语。F文章没有提到。
(6):A 这里需要填入的是because后面一个语法完整的句子。(7):C 这里缺的是句子的主语，整个句子是倒装的。
(8):B 这里填入的是动词make后面的宾语，possible是宾语补足语，这两个成分交换了位置。第4部分：阅读理解：第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
(1):B 推断题。文章第一段说：最高法院对于医生协助病人自杀的裁决对如何使用药物来减轻病人的痛苦有着重大的意义。第二段说：尽管宪法没有赋予医生去帮助病人自杀的权力，法院实际支持了医疗界的“双效”原则。第三段说：医生们正是借用这个原则，为大剂量地给晚期(terminally ill)病人注射吗啡提供正当的理由，尽管增加剂量将最终致病人于死地。由此从第二段可推断，B项：医生们帮助病人自杀仍是非法的，为正确答案。A项：医生过去常用增加剂量的方法来控制病人的痛苦与第三段的增加吗啡剂量不符合。C项：最高法院强烈反对医生帮助病人自杀，与D项：宪法没有赋予病人自杀的权力，都与文章内容不符。(2):C 是非题。文章第二段第一句说：法庭实际上(in effect)认可了医疗界的“双效”原则。第三段又说，医疗界正是借用这个原则，为大剂量地给晚期(terminally ill)病人注射镇痛剂提供了正当的理由，尽管增加剂量将最终使病人致死。由此可知，法庭实际上同意给病人开大剂量的止痛药。这与C的意思相符。A项“如果医生冒使病人致死的危险，将被认定有罪”与文章内容不符，B项“现代医学已经帮助晚期病人无痛康复”，文中未提。D项“医生用药再也不会因为他的用药意图而被认为合理正当了”与文章内容不符。
(3):B 细节题。根据第七段：NAS的报告指出了医生临终护理存在着两个问题：一是护理不力，二是使用无效而强制性的医疗程序。由此可知，B：对病痛护理不够为正确答案。(4):A 语意题。aggressive意为(1)咄咄逼人的，好斗的；(2)攻击性的，侵略的；(3)有闯劲的，大胆的。根据上下文，aggressive应为“大胆的”。所以，A为正确答案。
(5):D 细节题。在第九段中，Annas指出：许多医生对病人所受的不必要的痛苦漠不关心，甚至到了“系统地虐待病人”的程度。并指出病人痛苦地死亡如果被认为是医生护理不力的后果，那就应吊销他们的行医执照。D项：延长病人不必要的痛苦为正确答案。此处A项：护理病人不力，是个迷惑项。因为Annas认为吊销医生执照的前提是病人痛苦地死亡。(6):C 答案从第二段的第二句„including furniture，appliances，and consumer electronics便可知道。A和B的范围太广，故为错。D的范围太小，所以也不对。(7):C 中大网校
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因为第三段的第一句Department stores face mounting problems„(主题句)表明问题不只是一个，而此段每一句都讲一个问题，因此C是正确答案。
(8):A 第四段的第二句Other types of retailers are aiming at consumers who have long supported department stores„表明，竞争是在department stores和other types of retailers之间，因此A是正确答案。
(9):B 文中讲到了重新定位目标市场，但是这并不是说要放弃或拒绝rich customers．因此B 是惟一正确的答案。
(10):A 本文在多处，特别是最后一段，讲到了价格问题，由此可见，对商品的定价是非常重要的。第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)(1):C 文章第一段给公关下定义，其中特别提到公关包括对外宣传。把C放在这里起承接上一段，引出下一段的作用。
(2):F 前一句说这种组织设置会成为一种限制，因为公关部门或顾问很可能和营销部门有不能协调一致的地方，那么这种情况会造成什么后果呢?F说：“可能会导致沟通不畅、彼此不合作的后果。”这两句话放在一起意思连贯、顺畅。E似乎也能构成答案，但语气过于肯定，所述内容过于具体，上下文没有足够的信息使之成为合适的选择。
(3):A A说：“对外宣传可以由公关部门发起，采取能为公司带来良好影响的新闻发布的形式。”后一句说另一方面，宣传也不能脱离营销部门，因为它是对普通广告宣传的一种有益补充。这两句话从两个不同的方面谈对外宣传的运作方式及其意义，意思连贯，on theother hand起了衔接作用，属于连接衔接(conjunction)。
(4):B B说：“另外，并非所有的宣传都由公司发起，有些宣传来自媒体的反应，即由于公司颇有争议甚至十分不明智地采取了或未采取某些行动而引起的媒体的负面反应。”这句话和前两句话都是谈公司的对外宣传，可以自然的构成一个段落，furthermore起了衔接作用，也属于连接衔接。
(5):D 前一句说：“我们想强调的一点是如果公司认为事关公众形象的一切问题或机遇可以由专事公关的部门(无论是公司内部部门还是专门公司)处理好，那是自欺欺人。”这是从反面说问题，D说：“有众多因素作用于公众形象。”这是从正面说问题，一正一反都要说明公众形象不是专门的公关部门可以独立做好的简单事情，下文是对众多影响因素的进一步解释。第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
(1):C 文章大意：婚姻幸福的人比婚姻不幸或单身的人血压要低；而对单身成人或者是婚姻不幸福的人来说，即使有着良好的社交圈也不会益于血压。婚姻似乎会给健康带来一些独特的益处。但并不是仅仅结婚就会对健康有好处，真正最能保护健康的是幸福的婚姻。本句用了表示比较的lower一词，因此空格处只能选than一词。
(2):A 上一句中已经出现了unhappily married people，所以在unhappily和people之间显然应选中大网校
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married一词。
(3):B 本句是一个强调句型结构。
(4):B 从前面出现过的happily married people可以得知，对健康最具保护作用的是拥有一个happy marriage。
(5):C 从上下文可以得知，研究对象包括已婚和未婚的成年人。(6):A 前一句中出现了monitors一词，此处仍指monitors。
(7):B 空格处应填与前面出现的doing一词相一致的动词do，以表示日常生活中通常所做的事情。(8):C 本句的意思是：在诊室里获取一两个读数并不能真正代表一天之内发生的波动。(9):B 从上正文以得知，总体来说，婚姻幸福的人血压读数应相对低些。(10):A 该段的主要内容是婚姻与血压的关系，显然此处应填pressure。
(11):B 从上下文可以得知，与单身的万年人相比，已婚者，尤其是婚姻幸福者的血压夜里睡眠时应该是下降得更多。
(12):C 修饰比较级，表示“„„得多”，应该用much。(13):D 表示定期出版的杂志的第几期，应用issue一词。(14):B 此句将婚姻不幸福者与婚姻幸福者和单身成年人做比较。(15):A one another表示“相互”的意思。
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第三篇：2011年职称英语卫生类押题（定稿）
Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor
The leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking，said medical experts after a five-year research study.Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer.They said patients are younger，especially women.According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute，more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else.Following breast cancer，it has the second-highest incidence rate.“An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer，”said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center.He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years.Among them，1,483 were male.Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke，according to the report.However，more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term，close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about l irritated eyes and throat.About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women’s bedrooms were adjacent to2 the kitchen.However，local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer.Some claimed they may change food preparation methods.“Unless my family and I don’t eat at home every day，I must stay in the kitchen to cook，”said Xu Li.a 45-year-old local woman.“I know the fumes are bad for the skin，but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer.I have already started frying less.’’
Doctors said women’s lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition，but was closely related to family cancer history，unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.Other experts agreed with He.3
“Smoking is by far the biggest cause4 of lung cancer for men，”said Dr Tan Binyong，honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University’s Medical College.“It’s true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women.”
He’s research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling5 fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used.The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time，6 experts said.词汇：
1.What a new tendency in lung cancer is concluded by the researchers?
D Patients with lung cancer become younger，especially females.2.Which of the following diseases is the most common among the local residents in Shanghai?
B Breast cancer.3.What symptoms may be complmned of by most women with lung cancer after long term.close
contact with cooking oil fumes?
A Irritated eyes and throat.4.What was the local women’s reaction when they learned that cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer?
B Surprised.5.Which of the following has relatively little connection with women’s lung cancer?
D Personal health and physical condition.第十八篇
Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly Diabetics
Most older people with so-called typeⅡdiabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes iust three times a week，according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlingske Tidende on Monday.Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet’s Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body’s ability to utilise insulin by 30 per cent，the newspaper reported.This is equal to1 the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today，it said.Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type II，all more than 60 years of age，exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months.After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects’ muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.2
Associate Professor3 Dr.Hemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthv non-exercising persons.“This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups.Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes，4 but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms.At the same time it can put off5 the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment，”Dela was quoted as saying.6
Insulin isa hormone produced by the pancreas，controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up7 a sweat，but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off8 after five days without sufficient exercise.Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of9 the importance of exercise，Dela added.1.How could most elderly type II diabetics stop taking insulin?
C By doing brisk exercise for half an hour at least three times a week.2.Physical exercise may increase the body ability to utilise insulin bv B 30 per cent.3.The subjects of the research tests conducted at the Copenhagen Central Hospital included
A elderly non-diabetic men.B elderly type II diabetic men.D both A and B.4.To what a degree have diebetics to exercise in order to achieve the desired effect?
A To the degree where they begin to sweat.5.According to Dela，among most diabetics the importance of exercise is the importance of watching their diet.C less understood than
Preventing Child Maltreatment
Child maltreatment is a global problem with serious life-long consequences.There are no reliable global estimates for the prevalence of child maltreatment.Data for many countries，especially low-and middle-income countries，are lacking.Child maltreatment is complex and difficult to study.Current estimates vary widely depending on the country and the method of research used.Nonetheless.international studies reveal that approximately 20%of women and 5-10%of men report being sexually abused as children，while 25-50%of all children report being physically abused.Additionally，many children are subject to1 emotional abuse(sometimes referred to as2 psychological abuse).Every year，there are an estimated 31,000 homicide deaths in children under 15.This number underestimates the true extent of the problem，as a significant proportion of deaths due to child maltreatment are incorrectly attributed to3 falls，bums and drowning.Child maltreatment causes suffering to children and families and can have long-term consequences.Maltreatment causes stress that is associated with disruption in early brain development.Extreme stress can impair the development of the nervous and immune systems.Consequently，as adults，maltreated children are at increased risk for behavioural，physical and mental health problems.Via the behavioural and mental health consequences, maltreatment can contribute to heart disease, cancer，suicide and sexually transmitted infections.4
Beyond the health consequences of child maltreatment，there is an economic impact，including costs of hospitalization, mental health treatment, child welfare, and longer-term health costs.A number of risk factors for child maltreatmenthave been identified.These risk factors are not present in all social and cultural contexts, but provide an overview when attempting to understand the causes of child maltreatment.It is important to emphasize that children are the victims and are never to blame for5 maltreatment.A number of characteristics of an individual child may increase the likelihood of being maltreated ,such as being either under four years old or an adolescent ,being unwanted, or failing to fulfil the expectations of parents and having special needs, crying persistently or having abnormal physical features.6
1.The difficult situation in the global estimates of the child maltreatment is due to the following factors EXCEPT according to the passage.C there is a shortage of the professional date collectors
2.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
B 25-50% of all children were reported to have been physically abused.3.Many homicide deaths in children under 15 are wrongly categorized into the following types EXCEPT according to the passage.B diarrhea
4.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the bad impact caused by child maltreatment?
A The child will behave badly in his memory of his childhood when、he grows up.5.The maltreated chidlren often bear all the following characteristics EXCEPT according to the passage.D thev often try their best to meet the requirements from their parents
第三十四篇
Be Alert to1 Antimicrobial Resistance
The ability of micro-organisms to find ways to evade the action of the drugs used to cure the infections they cause is increasingly recognized as a global public health issue.Some bacteria have developed mechanisms which make them resistant to many of the antibiotics normally used for their treatment(multi-drug resistant bacteria)，so pose particular difficulties，as there may be few or no alternative options for therapy.They constitute a growing and global public health problem.WHO suggests that countries should be prepared to implement hospital infection control measures to 1imit the spread of multi-drug resistant strains and to reinforce national policy on prudent use of antibiotics，reducing the generation of antibiotic resistant bacteria.An article published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases2 on 11 August 2010 identified a new gene that enables some types of bacteria to be highly resistant to almost all antibiotics.The article has drawn attention to the issue of AMR3(antimicrobial resistance)，and，in particular，has raised, awareness of infections caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria.While multi-drug resistant bacteria are not new and will continue to appear，this development requires monitoring and further study to understand the extent and modes of transmission，and to define the most effective measures for control.Those called upon to be alert to the problem of antimicrobial resistance and take appropriate action include consumers，managers of hospitals，patients，as well as national governments.the pharmaceutical industry，and international agencies.WHO strongly recommends that governments focus control and prevention efforts in the following areas like surveillance for antimicrobial resistance;rational antibiotic use，including education of healthcare workers and the public in the appropriate use of antibiotics：introducing or
enforcing legislation related to stopping the selling of antibiotics without prescription;and strict adherence to infection prevention and control measures.including the use of hand-washing measures，particularly in healthcare facilities.Successful control of multidrug-resistant microorganisms has been documented in many countries，and the existing and well-known infection prevention and control measures can effectively reduce transmission of multi-drug resistant organisms if systematically implemented.WHO will continue to support countries to develop relevant policies，and to coordinate international efforts to combat antimicrobial resistance.Antimicrobial resistance will be the theme of WHO’s World Health Day 2011.练习：
1.Why is the use of antibiotics arousing globally increasing interest?
A.The misuse of the antibiotics has caused stronger bacteria resistance and no new drugs against the bacteria are available at present.2.Which of the following is true of the article published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases?
C A new strain has been found to be highly resistant to almost all antibiotics.3.Who of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage to take cautious and proper action about the AMR?
D Those who study in universities.4.All the following recommendations to the governments from WHO is true EXCEPT
D limit on the hospitals to store more antibiotic drugs than they Can use.5.What can you infer from the passage?
B Even with the new strains against the existing antibiotics，the transmission of multi-drug resistant organisms is still under control.
第四篇：2014职称英语卫生类考前押题
2014职称英语卫生类考前押题（A级）[1] 2014年3月27日 来源：51Test.NET 考试必看 加入收藏
【51Test.NETa real danger in rural areas, where people live off the water on their land．The girls researched ways to recycle oil and worked with a local oil-recycling company on the issue．Now, the “Don't Be Crude” program runs oil collection sites-tanks that hold up to 460 gallons-where people in the community can dispose of their oil.4.Five years ago.11-year-old Ryan Hreljac was a little boy with a big dream: for all the people in Africa to have clean drinking water.His dream began in the first grade when he learned that people were dying because they didn't have clean water, and that as little as $ 70 could build a well.“We really take water for granted,” says Ryan, of Kemptville, Ontario, in Canada． “In other countries, you have to plan for it.” Ryan earned the first $ 70 by doing extra chores(零工), but with the help of others, he has since raised hundreds of thousands of dollars.His efforts led to the start of the Ryan's Well Foundation, which raises money for clean water and health-related services for people in African countries and developing countries.Paragraph 1________.A．Provide Clean Water B．Dig 0il Wells C．Save Clean Water D．Don 't Litter E．Don't Be Crude F．Protect Wildlife
24、Paragraph 2________.A．Provide Clean Water B．Dig 0il Wells C．Save Clean Water D．Don't Litter E．Don't Be Crude F．Protect Wildlife
25、Paragraph 3________.A．Provide Clean Water B．Dig 0il Wells C．Save Clean Water D．Don't Litter E．Don't Be Crude F．Protect Wildlife
26、Paragraph 4________.A．Provide Clean Water B．Dig 0il Wells C．Save Clean Water D．Don't Litter E．Don't Be Crude F．Protect Wildlife
27、oying placed the buckets at all public-access areas to________.A．make new materials B．preserve wetland and animals C．have clean air D．have clean water E．collect cigarette butte F．collect despoiled oil
28、People are grateful to Carter Dunham for his efforts to________.A．make new materials B．preserve wetland and animals C．have clean air D．have clean water E．collect cigarette butte F．collect despoiled oil
29、Disposed oil and many other items can be reused to________.A．make new materials B．preserve wetland and animals C．have clean air D．have clean water E．collect cigarette butte F．collect despoiled oil 30、Ryan, with the help of others, is fulfilling his dream of help African people to________.A．make new materials B．preserve wetland and animals C．have clean air D．have clean water E．collect cigarette butte F．collect despoiled oil 第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
31、根据下列材料，回答31-45题 Eat More, Weigh Less, Live Longer
Clever genetic detective work may have found out the reason why a near starvation diet prolongs the life of many animals.Ronald Kahn at Harvard Medical School in Boston, US, and his colleagues have been able to extend the lifespan(寿命,)of mice by 18 per cent by blocking the rodent's(啮齿动物)increase of fat in specific cells.This suggests that thinness--and hot necessarily diet--promotes long life in “ calorie(热量卡)restricted” animals.“It's very cool work.” says aging researcher Cynthia Kenyon of the University of California, San Francisco.“These mice eat all they want, lose weight and live longer.It's like heaven.” Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents.Whether this works in humans is still unknown, partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet.But many researchers hope they will be able to trigger the same effect with a drug once they understand how less food leads to a longer life．One theory is that eating less reduces the increase of harmful things that can damage cells.But Kahn's team wondered whether the animals simply benefit by becoming thin.To find out, they used biology tricks to disrupt the insulin(胰岛素)receptor(受体)gene in lab mice--but only in their fat cells.“Since insulin is needed to help fat cells store fat, these animals were protected against becoming fat,” explains Kahn.This slight genetic change in a single tissue had dramatic effects.By three months of age, Kahn，those modified mice had up to 70 per cent less body fat than normal control mice，despite the fact that they ate 55 per cent more food per gram of body weight．In addition．Their lifespan increased．The average control mouse rived 753 days，while the thin rodents averaged a lifespan of 887 days．After three years，all the control mice had died，but one—quarter of the modified rodents were still alive．
“That they get these effects by just manipulating the fat cells is controversial，”says Leonard Guarente of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology，who studies calorie restriction and aging．But Guarente says Kahn has yet to prove that the same effect is responsible for increased lifespan in calorie．restricted animals．“It might be the same effect or there might be two routes to long life，”he points out，“and that would be very interesting．”
Ronald Kahn and his colleagues can make mice live longer by_________． A．offering them less food B．giving them a balanced diet C．disrupting the specific genes in their fat cells D．preventing them growing larger
32、According to the passage．we do not know whether humans will benefit from taking in fewer calories partly because_________． A．humans，worms and rodents are different B．most people are not willing to be put on a strict diet C．the effect is not known D．genetic changes in tissues can not be performed on humans
33、What does the last sentence in the third paragraph imply? A．People like to lose weight，but they do not like to eat less． B．People want to go to heaven．but they do not want to die． C．Mice will go to heaven if they lose weight． D．Mice enjoy losing weight．
34、The average modified mouse lived_________． A．3 years B．753 days C．More than 3 years D．887 days
35、What can be inferred from the passage about the route to long life? A．It remains to be studied． B．It has already been discovered． C．Eating more leads to long life． D．Eating less leads to long life．
36、根据下列材料，回答36-50题 Valuing Childhood
The value of childhood is easily blurred(变得模糊不清)in today’S world．Consider some recent developments．The child，murderers in the Jonesboro schoolyard shooting case were convicted and sentenced．Two boys，7 and 8，were charged in the murder of an 11一year-old girl in Chicago． Children who commit horrible crimes appear to act of their own will．Yet，as legal proceedings in Jonesboro showed，the one boy who was able to address the court couldn’t begin to explain his acts．though he tried to apologize．There may have been a motive—youthful jealousy(妒忌)and resentment．But a deeper question remains：Why did these boys and others in similar trouble apparently lack any inner，moral restraint? That question echoes for the accused in Chicago，young as they are．They wanted the girl’s bicycle，a selfish impulse common enough among kids．
Redemption(拯救)is a practical necessity．How can value be restored to young fives distorted by acts of violence? The boys in onesboro and in Chicago will be confined in institutions for a relatively short time．Despite horror at what was done，children are not—cannot be—dealt with as adults，not if a people wants to consider itself civilized．That’s why politicians’cries for adult treatment of youthful criminals ultimately miss the point．
But the moral void(真空)that invites violence has many sources．Family instability contributes，so does economic stress．That void，however，can be filled．The work starts with parents，who have to ask themselves whether they’re doing enough to give their children a firm sense of right and wrong．Are they really monitoring their activities and their developing processes of thought? Schools，t00，have a role in building character．So do youth organizations．So do youth enforcement agencies，which can do more to inform the young about laws，their meaning，and their observance(遵守)．
The goal，ultimately，is to allow all children a normal passage from childhood to adulthood(成年)，so that tragic gaps in moral judgement are less likely to occur．The relative few who fill such gaps with acts of violence hint at many others who don’t go that far，but who lack the moral foundations childhood should provide--and which progressive human society relies on． The two boys in Chicago were__________． A．shot B．murdered C．accused D．sentenced
37、The boys in Jonesboro and Chicago apparently lacked a sense of__________． A．right and wrong B．discipline C．shame D．safety
38、According to politicians，when children commit crimes，they should be treated in the same way as__________． A．murderers B．criminals C．victims D．adults
39、Which of the following does the writer cite as a source of moral void? A．Official corruption． B．Social injustice． C．Family stability． D．Racial discrimination． 40、Which of the statements is NOT true according to this passage? A．Parents should strengthen moral instruction． B．Schools should help create a moral sense in children． CLaw enforcement agencies should do more to help children understand laws.D．Youth organizations play no role in building character．
41、根据下列材料，回答41-55题 The Body Thieves
In the early nineteenth century in Britain，many improvements were being made in the world of medicine．Doctors and Surgeons were becoming more knowledgeable about the human body．Illnesses that had been fatal a few years before were now curable．However，Surgeons had one problem．They needed dead bodies to cut up，or dissect(解剖)．This was the only way that they could learn about the flesh and bones inside the body，and the only way to teach new surgeons to carry out operations． The job of finding these dead bodies was carded out by an unpleasant group of people called“body snatchers”．They went into graveyards(墓地)at night and，using wooden shovels to make less noise。dug up any recently buried bodies．Then they took the bodies to the medical schools and sold them．A body could be sold for between￡5 and l0，which was a lot of money at that time．The doctors who paid the body snatchers had all agreement with them—they never asked any questions．They did not desire to know where the bodies came from，as long as they kept arriving．
The most famous of these body snatchers were two men from Edinburgh called William Burke and William Hare． Burke and Hare were different because they did not just dig Up bodies from graveyards．They got greedy and thought of all easier way to find bodies.Instead of digging them up．they killed the poorer guests in Hare’s small hotel.Dr.Knox，the respected surgeon they worked for．never asked why all the bodies they brought him had been strangled(勒死)．
For many years Burke and Hare were not caught because，unsurprisingly，the bodies of their victims were never found by the police．They were eventually arrested and put on trial in 1829．The judge showed mercy to Hare and he was released but Burke Was found guilty and his punishment was to be hanged．Appropria tely，his body Was given to the medical school and he ended up on the dissecting table，just like his victims．In one small way，Justice was done.Now, over 150 years later，surgeons do not need the help of criminals to learn their skills．However．the science of surgery could not have developed without their rather gruesome(令人毛骨悚然的)help．
The problem facing British surgeons in the early 19th century was that______· A．some illnesses remained incurable B．few people were willing to work as surgeons C．medical expenses were too high D．dead bodies were not easily available
42、The body snatchers used wooden shovels because ______ A．they did not wish to spoil the dead bodies B．they wanted to keep the bodies to themselves C．they were afraid of being caught D．they were careful not to disturb anyone
43、Burk and Hare differed from other body snatchers in that______ A．they got other people to dig up bodies for them B．they sold the bodies only to one surgeon C．they dug up bodies not just from graveyards D．they resorted to murder to get bodies
44、The bodies of Burke's and Hare's victims couldn't be found by the police because______ A．they had been stolen B．they had been strangled C．they had been dissected D．they had been buried
45、The body thieves contributed in their gruesome way to______ A．medical advancement B．legal progress C．social stability D．material wealth 第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。
46、根据下列材料回答46-50题
The Dangers of Secondhand Smoke
Most people know that cigarette smoking is harmful to their health.Scientific research shows that it causes many kinds of diseases.In fact, many people who smoke get lung cancer However, Edward Gilson has lung cancer, and he has never smoked cigarettes.He lives with his wife, Evelyn, who has smoked about a pack of cigarettes a day throughout their marriage.(46).No one knows for sure why Mr.Gilson has lung cancer.Neverth eless, doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other people's cigarettes.(47)The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals.In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmoker's health.(48)They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic(有毒的)chemicals in their bodies.As a matter of fact, almost all of US breathe tobacco smoke at times, whether we realize it or not.For example, we cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants, hotels and other public places.Even though many public places have nonsmoking areas, smoke flows in from the areas where smoking is permitted．It is even harder for children to avoid secondhand smoke．(49)Research shows that children who are exposed to secondhand smoke are sick more often than children who live in homes where no one smokes and that the children of smokers are more than twice as likely to develop lung cancer when they are adults as are children of nonsmokers.The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke． People are becoming very aware of the dangers of secondhand smoke．(50)
______________ A．Recently, scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.B．The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.C．This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D．However, secondhand smoke is dangerous to all people, old or young.E．As a result, they have passed laws which prohibit people from smoking in many public places.F．In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.47、______________ A．Recently, scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.B．The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.C．This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D．However, secondhand smoke is dangerous to all people, old or young.E．As a result, they have passed laws which prohibit people from smoking in many public places.F．In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.48、______________ A．Recently, scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.B．The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.C．This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D．However, secondhand smoke is dangerous to all people, old or young.E．As a result, they have passed laws which prohibit people from smoking in many public places.F．In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.49、______________ A．Recently, scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.B．The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.C．This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D．However, secondhand smoke is dangerous to all people, old or young.E．As a result, they have passed laws which prohibit people from smoking in many public places.F．In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.50、______________ A．Recently, scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.B．The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.C．This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D．However, secondhand smoke is dangerous to all people, old or young.E．As a result, they have passed laws which prohibit people from smoking in many public places.F．In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.第6部分：完形填空(第52～65题，每题1分，共15分)下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
51、根据下列材料，回答51-65题 The Greatest Mystery Of Whales
The whale is a warm-blooded, air-breahing animal, giving birth to its young alive, sucking them-and, like all mammals, originated on land．There are many front flippers(鳍状肢), used for steering and stability, are traces of feet.(51)of this.Its Immense strength is(52)into the great body of the big whales, and in fact most of a whale's body is one gigantic muscle．The blue whale's pulling strength has been estimated(53)400 horsepower.One specimen was reported to have towed(拖)a whaling vessel for seven hours at the(54)of eight knot(节).An angry whale will(55)A famous example of this was the fate of Whaler Essex,(56)was sunk off the coast of South America early in the last century.More recently, steel ships have(57)their plates buckled(使弯曲)in the same way.Sperm whales(抹香鲸)were known to seize the old-time whaleboats in their jaws and crash them.The greatest(58)of whales is their diving ability．The sperm whale dives to the Bottom for his(59)food，the octopus(章鱼)．In that search he is known to go as far Down as 3200 feet，where the．(60)is l400 pounds，to a square inch．Doing so he will(61)underwater long as one hour．Two special skills are involved in this storing up enough(62)(all whales ale air—breathed)and tolerating the great change in pressure．Just how he does it scientists have not(63)．It is believed that some of the oxygen is stored in a special(64)of blood vessels，rather than just held in the lungs．And it is believed that a special kind of oil in his head is some sort of compensating mechanism that(65)adjusts the internal pressure of his body．But since you can’t bring a live whale into the laboratory for study，no one knows just how these things work． A．aspects B．signs C．ways D．reasons
52、A．worked B．divided C．built D．moved
53、A．al B．in C．of D．with
54、A．number B．degree C．distance D．rate
55、A．abandon B．attack C．leave D．board
56、A．as B．who C．which D．that
57、A．had B．operated C．Seen D．caught
58、A．interest B．job C．danger D．mystery
59、A．favorite B．fast C．new D．sufficient 60、A．depth B．pressure C．level D．size 61、A．set B．become C．remain D．rest． 62、A．heat B．energy C．food D．oxygen 63、A．witnessed B．determined C．applied D．calculated 64、A．system B．place C．arrangement D．equipment 65、A．mentally B．artificially C．manually D．automatically
第五篇：职称英语考试押题-2014年新版题库(卫生类A级)
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