第一篇：2014年职称英语理工类B级考前押题(-)
2014年职称英语理工类B级考前押题(一)第一部分 词汇选项
下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有下划线，请为每处下划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1、The high-speed trains can have a major impact on travel preferences.A.force
B.influence
C.surprise
D.power
2、Can you follow the plot?
A.change
B.investigate
C.write
D.understand
3、Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed.A.physical
B.mental
C.natural
D.hard
4、In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed.A.result
B.judgment
C.decision
D.event
5、Norman B amey,is an artist of deep convictions.A.statements
B.beliefs
C.suggestions
D.claims
6、Up to now, the work has been easy.A.So
B.So long
C.So that
D.So far
7、The report advocated setting up day training colleges.A.supposed
B.excited
C.suggested
D.discussed
8、Accordingly, a number of other methods have been employed.A.Therefore
B.Afterwards
C.However
D.Furthermore
9、The outlook from the top of the mountain is breathtaking.A.view
B.sight
C.look
D.point
10、Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs.A.tensely
B.nearly
C.carefully
D.closely
11、The union representative put across her argument very effectively.A.explained
B.invented
C.considered
D.accepted
12、He talks tough but has a tender heart.A.heavy
B.strong
C.kind
D.wild
13、It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy.A.making
B.taking
C.discussing
D.expecting
14、Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing..A.waste
B.buy
C.use
D.sell
15、The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters.A.function
B.ability
C.power
D.volume 第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
Computers
Before the widespread use of computers, managers could not make full use of large amounts of valuable information about a company's activities.The information either reached managers too late or was too expensive to be used.Today, managers are facing a wide range of data processing and information instruments.In place of a few financial controls, managers can draw on computer-based information systems to control activities in every area of their company.On any kinds of performance measures, the information provided by these systems helps managers compare standards with actual results, find out problems, and take corrective action before it is too late to make changes.The introduction of computerized information systems has sharply changed management control in many companies.Even a neighborhood shopkeeper may now use computers to control sales, billing, and other activities.In large companies, electronic data processing systems monitor entire projects and sets of operations.Now, there are about 24 million microcomputers in use in the United States —— one for every 10 citizens.It is estimated that by 1996, 61 percent of American managers will be using some sort of electronic work station.In order for managers to be sure that the computer-based information they are receiving is accurate, they need to understand how computers work.However, in most cases they do not need to learn how to program computers.Rather, managers should understand how computerized information systems work;how they are developed;their limitations and costs;and the manner in which information systems may be used.Such an understanding is not difficult to achieve.One research found that business firms were more successful in teaching basic information about computers to business graduates than they were in teaching business subjects to computer science graduates.Today, conventional financial controls are still exercised in some minor areas such as billing and vocational training.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned It is unnecessary for a neighborhood baker to use a computer in his shop
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned At present about 10% of American citizens possess a microcomputer.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned One thing that managers do not have to understand is how computers work.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned In some cases managers have to learn how to write programs so as to work out computerized information systems that suit their own companies best.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned Computerized firms would rather employ business graduates than computer science graduates because it is easier to train the former into qualified employees.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上.1.Children enjoy shouting at a high wall and hearing the sound come back to them.These sounds are called echoes(回声).Echoes have given us a number of valuable tools.2.Echo sounding devices were early used in making maps of the ocean floor.Sounds or ultrasonic(超声的)sounds make good tools for determining how deep the water is under ships.Sometimes echoes from ultrasonic distance finding devices were prevented from working by fish swimming past or by the presence of large objects.So ultrasonic devices have been replaced by other tools.3.Radar is now a familiar tool.Like many others it was an unexpected discovery.It was first observed by two researchers, who were studying sound communication.They were sending signals from a station on one side of a river in Washington，D IC.to a vehicle across the river.They discovered that their signals were stopped by passing ships.They recognized the importance of this discovery at once.4.All this was of course just a start, from which our present radar has developed.The word “radar,” in fact, gets its name from the term “radio detection(检测)and ranging.” “Ranging” is the term for detection of the distance between an object and the radar set.Today, in our scientific age, it would be difficult to manage without radar.5.One of the many uses of radar is as a speed control device on highways.When a person in an automobile is driving faster than the speed limit, radar will show this clearly and the traffic police can take measures to stop him.6.A pilot cannot fly a plane by sight alone.Many conditions such as flying at night and landing in dense fog require the pilot to use radar.Human eyes are not very good at determining speeds of approaching objects, but radar can show the pilot how fast nearby planes are moving.Paragraph 2__________.Paragraph 3__________.Paragraph 4__________.Paragraph 5__________.A Study of Sound
B Highway Police
C Working Principles
D Early Use of “Radar”
E Useful Tools
F Discovery by Chance Echo-sounding devices were early used to__________.Ultrasonic device were used to__________.Police use radar on highways to__________.Radar helps pilots to__________.A detect nearby objects
B determine the depth of the ocean water
C decide how fast you drive
D stop passing ships
E map the ocean floor
F observe water flow 第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇
Ocean Noise Pollution
Some scientists say that animals in the ocean are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings.The noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of human activities.It is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions, ocean drilling, and ship engines.Such noises are added to natural sounds.These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves.Decibels(分贝)measured in water are different from those measured on land.A noise of one hundred-twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears.In water, a decibel level of one-hundred ninety-five would have the same effect.Some scientists have proposed setting a noise limit of one-hundred-twenty decibels in.oceans.They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales(鲸鱼).A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that louder noises can seriously injure some animals.The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing.This seriously affected the whales' ability to exchange information and find their way.Some of the whales even died.The explosions had caused their ears to bleed(出血)and become infected(感染).Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one-hundred-twenty decibels.They say such a limit is a greater danger than they believed.They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.31 According to the passage, which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures?
A The sound of a car.B The sound of voices.C Man-made noise pollution.D The sound of steps.32 According to the passage, natural sounds include all of the following EXCEPT__________.A sounds made by animals themselves.B ocean drilling.C underwater earthquakes.D the breaking of ice fields.，33 Which of the following is discussed in the third paragraph?
A The same noise level produces a different effect on land and in the ocean.B Different places may have different types of noises.C The decibel is not a suitable unit for measuring underwater noise.D Different ocean animals may have different reactions to noises.34 Which of the following is true of whales?
A They won't be confused by noises.B They are deaf to noises.C Their ability to reproduce will be lowered by high-level noises.D Their hearing will be damaged by high-level noises.35 According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future?
A They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution.B They will protect animals from harmful noises.C They will try to set a limit of 120 decibels.D They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.第二篇
Lifetime Employment in Japanese Companies
In most large Japanese companies, there is a policy of lifetime employment.What this means is that when people leave school or university to join an enterprise, they can expect to remain with that organization until they retire.In effect, the employee gets job security for life, and can only be fired for serious mistakes in work.Even in times of business recession, he or she is free from the fear of being laid off.One result of this practice is that the Japanese worker identifies closely with his company and feels strong loyalty to it.By working hard for the company, he believes he is safeguarding his own future.It is not surprising that devotion to one's company is considered a great virtue in Japan.A man is often prepared to put his firm's interests before those of his immediate family.The job security guaranteed by this system influences the way employees approach their work.They tend to think in terms of what they can achieve throughout their career.This is because they are not judged on how they are performing during a short period of time.They can afford to, take a longer perspective than their Western counterparts.This marriage between the employee and the companymay explain why Japanese workers seem positively to love the products their company is producing and why they are willing to stay on after work, for little overtime pay, to participate in earnest discussions about the quality control of their products.36 Lifetime employment in the Japanese company means that the employee__________.A leaves his company only when business is bad.B gets a job soon after he leaves school or university.C can work there throughout his career，D can have his serious mistakes in work corrected.37 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
A Family and company interests are equally important
B The Japanese worker is very loyal to his company.C One's future is guaranteed through hard work.D Devotion to one's company is encouraged……
Lifetime employment influences one's__________.A achievements at work.B performance at work.C career options.D attitude toward work.39 The Japanese worker is fond of his company's products because of__________.A his marriage with the daughter of the president.B the close link between him and his company.C his willingness to work overtime.D his active participation in quality control，40 The passage mainly discusses__________.A how lifetime employment works in Japan.B what benefits lifetime employment has brought to Japanese workers.C what lifetime employment is.D how lifetime employment is viewed.第三篇
Dreams of Flight
The story of man's dream of flight, of his desire to reach the stars, is as old as mankind itself.According to Greek legend, Daedalus was the first man to fly.He and his son had been kept on an island.In order to escape, Daedalus shaped wings of wax(2)into which he stuck bird feathers.During their flight, his son flew too high and the sun melted the wax.He was drowned in the sea.The father was supposed to have continued his flight and reached Sicily, several hundred miles away.There is also an English legend of King Bladud who, during his rule in the ninth century B.C., used wings to fly.But his flight was short-lived and he fell to his death.The dream of flying continued, but in all the legends, the flier rose like a bird only to fall like a stone.It took hundreds of years that men flew up into the air and returned to earth safely.The first man to approach flying on a scientific basis was an Englishman who lived during the thirteenth century.He looked at the air about us as a sea, and he believed that a balloon could float on the air just as a boat did on water.Almost four hundred years later, an Italian priest applied his principle of air flight.He designed a boat, which would be held in the air by four hollow spheres(空心球).ach of the four balls was to be 20 feet in diameter(直径)and made of very thin copper.But his boat was never built since it was not possible to make spheres of such thin metal and such size in those days.After studying the flight of birds and the movement of the air, a great scientist of the fifteenth century concluded that birds flew because they flapped(摆动)their wings and that it was possible for man to do the same.So a kind of flapping-wing flying machine was invented.Many men tried and failed to fly with flying machines.It was not until 1890 that people discovered why this method would never succeed-man could not develop sufficient power with his arms and legs.41 How did Daedalus manage to escape to Sicily, according to the passage?
A He killed the guards and got out of the island.B A god came to rescue him and took him away.C His son came to rescue him and took him away.D He made wings of wax and flew away from the island.42 According to the English legend, King Bladud lost his life because__________.A he flew too far.B he flew too high.C he fell to the ground，D he was hit by a stone.43 The first scientific air flight was designed by__________.A a Greek.B an Englishman.C a Chinese.D an Italian.44 The priest failed to build the boat because__________.A he could not raise enough money.B his design was not scientific.C he could not find enough copper.D copper spheres could not be made as designed
According to the last paragraph, man could not fly with flapping-wing flying machines because__________.A he could not develop adequate power with his arms and legs.B he knew nothing about the movement of the air.C they were made of heavy metal.D they were made of light feathers.第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
The Building of the Pyramids
The oldest stone buildings in the world are the pyramids.__________(46)There are over eighty of them scattered along the banks of the Nile, some of which are different in shape from the true pyramids.The most famous of these are the “Step” pyramid and the “Bent” pyramid.Some of the pyramids still look much the same as they must have done when they were built thousands of years ago.Most of the damage suffered by the others has been at the hands of men who were looking for treasure or, more often, for stone to use in modern buildings.__________(47).These are good reasons why they can still be seen today, but perhaps the most important is that they were planned to last for ever.__________(48).However, there are no writings or pictures to show us how the Egyptians planned or built the pyramids themselves.__________(49)
Nevertheless, by examining the actual pyramids and various tools Which have been found, archaeologists have formed a fairly clear picture of them.One thing is certain: there must have been months of careful planning before they could begin to build.__________(50)You may think this would have been easy with miles and miles of empty desert around, but a pyramid could not be built just anywhere.Certain rules had to be followed, and certain problems had to be overcome.A The dry climate of Egypt has helped to preserve the pyramids, and their very shape have made them less likely to fall into ruin.B It is practically certain that plans were made for the building of the pyramids because the plans of other large works have fortunately been preserved.C The first thing they had to do was to choose a suitable place.D Consequently, we are only able to guess at the methods used.E Many people were killed while building the pyramids.F They have stood for nearly 5,000 years, and it seems likely that they will continue to stand for thousands of years yet.第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Transportation
For many years in the desert, camels Used to be the only form of transportation(运输).Before the(51)of modern trains, camel trains used to carry all the goods for trading between Central Africa and Europe.Traders sometimes(52)to put together camel trains with 10,000 to 15,000 animals.Each animal often carried(53)400 pounds and could travel twenty miles a day.This form of transportation was so important that camels were called the “ships of the(54).”
Now modern trains travel across the desert in a very(55)time.One engine can pull as much weight as 135,000(56).In addition, trains use special cars for their load.Refrigerator cars carry food;boxcars carry heavy goods;stock cars carry animals;and tank cars carry oil.Air travel has changed, too.The earliest planes were biplanes(双翼飞机), with(57)sets of wings.The top speed of this plane was 60 miles per hour.The pilots used to sit or lie on the wings in the open air.The plane(58)sometimes stopped in the middle of a trip.It used to be(59)to fly in bad weather.In snow or in rain, the wings frequently became icy.Then the plane might go down.Mechanical improvements during the First World War changed airplanes.Monoplanes(单翼飞机)took the(60)of biplanes.Pilots flew inside of covered cabins.Still, even these planes were small and expensive.Only(61)people were be able to travel in airplanes.Now modern jets make air travel possible for all people.No place in the world is more than 24 hours away by jet.Further improvements have(62)the cost of flying, and they have made air travel(63)safer than it used to be.A modern 707 can carry 170 people and can fly at 600 miles per hour.People(64)used to eat, sleep, or watch movies on airplanes.(65)these things are a normal part of air travel!
A age B series C year
D period
A ought B added C used
D led
A away B as many as C out
D as much as
A desert B trains C transportation D goods
A quick B short C good
D no
A camels B ships C pounds
D cars
A one B three C two
D four
A wings B engines C pilots D speed
A probable B possible C improbable
D impossible
A seat B pace C place
D vacancy
A technical B rich C those
D professional
A got rid of B raised C avoided
D lowered
A much B so C very
D such
A sometimes B occasionally C neither
D never
A But B So C Now
D However 参考答案:
词汇选项
1-15 BDAAB DCAAD ACCCD
阅读判断
16.A
17.B
18.B
19.A
20.B 21.C
概括大意
23.D
24.F
25.C
26.B
27.E
28.B
29.C
30.A
阅读理解
参考答案：
31.C
32.B
33.A
34.D
35.B
36.C
37.A
38.D
39.B
40.A
41.D
42.C
43.D
44.D
45.A
补全短文
46.F
47.A
48.B
49.D
50.C
完形填空
46.F
47.A
51.A
52.C
56.A
57.C 48.B
49.D 53.B
54.A 58.C
59.D 50.C 55.B 60.C
第二篇：完型填空：职称英语(理工类B级)考前预测押题试卷
完型填空：职称英语(理工类B级)考前预测押题试卷
第六部分：完型填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Crashed Cars to Text Message for Help
There is no good place to have a car crash--but some places are worse than others.In a foreign country, for instance, 51 to explain via cell-phone that you are upside down in a ditch when you cannot speak the local language can fatally delay the arrival of the emergency services.But an answer may be at hand.Researchers funded by the European Commission are beginning tests of a system called E-merge that 52 senses when a car has crashed and sends a text message telling emergency services in the local language that the accident has taken place.The system was 53 by ERTICO, a transport research organization based in Brussels, Belgium.Cars are fitted with a cell-phone-sized device attached 54 the underside of the dashboard which is activated by the same sensor that triggers the airbag in a crash.The device 55 a cell-phone circuit, a GPS positioning unit, and a microphone and loudspeaker.It registers the severity of the crash by 56 the deceleration data from the airbag's sensor, Using GPS information, it works out which country the car is in, and from this it determines 57 which language ot compose an alert message detailing precise location of the accident.The device then automatically makes a call to the local emergency services 58 If the car's occupants are conscious, they can communicate with the operator 59 the speaker and microphone.E-merge also transmits the vehicles make, model, color and license number, and its heading when it crashed, which in turn indicates on which side of a multi-lane highway it ended up.This 60 the emergency services find the vehicle as soon as they arrive on the scene, “We can waste a large 61 time searching for an incident,” says Jim Hammond, a(an)62 in vehicle technology at the Association of Chief Police Officers in the UK.Tests will begin soon with police car fleets in the UK.Trials have already started in Germany, Sweden, Spain, the Netherlands and Italy.In-car systems that summon the emergency services after a crash have 63 been fitted in some premium cars.ERTICO says that 64 EU states are willing to fund the necessary infrastructure;E-merge could be working by 2008.A study by French car maker Renault concluded that the system could save up to 6000 fo the 40,000 lives lost each year on Europe's roads, and prevent a similar number of serious in-juries.The Renault study estimates that fitting E-merge to every car in Europe would eventually save around 150 billion per 65 in terms of reduced costs to health services and insurance companies, and fewer lost working days.51 A try B tried C trying D having tried 52
A automatically B accidentally C tremendously D usually 53
A changed B located C developed D copied 54 A by B up C about D to 55
A forms B is consisted of C composes of D includes 56 A read B reading C reads D being read 57 A on B in C of D at 58
A car maker B policeman C doctor D operator 59 A via B near C by D beside 60
A assists B causes C makes D helps 61
A number of B deal of C amount of D volume of 62
A writer B reporter C expert D leader 63
A already B long ago C long before D shortly 64
A although B nevertheless C however D if 65 A city B year C person D country 参考答案: 51 C这个句子的主语、谓语和宾语结构是：trying to explain…＋can fatally delay＋the arrival of…。trying to explain…是动名词短语在句中充当主语。A和B都不符合语法要求，D也不是正确选项，因为句子的内容没有“已经试图解释……”的意思。52 A本句说的是研究人员在试验一种能自动感知车祸并向有关部门传送车祸信息的先进装置。从意思上判断，这里只能选A，其他三个选项都不符合句意。53 C从上下文判断，这套system指的是第二段的正在试验的车祸感知通报装置，所以选developed是正确的。其他三个选项都不符合句意。
D attached在这里是动词的过去分词作后置定语，修饰a cell-phone—sized device。be attached to：被连接在……上，在这里的意思是“被安装在……上”。55 D选项A的forms意思不对。选项B的is consisted of用法错误，consist of只用主动语态。选项C的composes of也是用法不对，compose of要用be composed of形式。D是正确答案。56 B这个句子说，装置通过读取来自气囊感应器的减速数据来记录翻车事故的严重性。By doing sth．的意思是“通过做……的方法。”read在这里的意思是：to obtain information读取资料。
B本题必须使用介词in。…it determines in which language to compose an alert message装置做出用什么语言来编写紧急信息的决定。再举一个例子来解释in的这种用法：The alert message is composed in Chinese．用中文来编写紧急信息。58 D从上下文的意思来看，装置自动打电话给接线员，然后接线员与车内人通话。所以应该选择D。
A via的意思是by means of(凭借)，后面往往跟名词，如：sent the letter via airmail。其他选都不符合句意。60 D从句子的结构看，不能选择A和B，因为它们的用法是：assist(cause)sth．or sb．To do sth．，而在这个句子里find之前没有动词不定式标志to。make sb．do的结构中不带to，但make的意思不符合句意。选项D的helps是答案，因为help的用法是help sb．(to)do。
C a large number of用来修饰可数名词，如“a large number of books”；deal常常和great连用，如：a great deal of time。a large(或great)amount of修饰不可数名词，所以C是正确选择。
C从上下文意思判断，只能选expert。
A根据句意和时态，应该选择A。shortly的意思是“很快”。long a9o必须与过去时一起使用，long before应该与过去完成时一起使用。
D选项A和B引导让步状语从句，不符合句子的意思；however不能引导从句；这里应该使用条件状语从句，所以D是正确选项。65 B选项在此意为：每一。save around 150 billion per year每年节约大约1，500亿欧元。从上下文意思判断，只能选year。
第三篇：2015年职称英语理工类A级考前押题(二)
2015年职称英语理工类A级考前押题(二)
一、词汇辨析(共15题，合计15分)1 The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth.A.take out
B.break off C.push in D.dig up 2The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September.A.play B.show C.send D.tell 3 This table is strong and durable.A.long-lasting
B.extensive C.far-reaching D.eternal 4 He endured great pain before he finally expired.A.fired B.resigned C.die D.retreated 5The girl is gazing at herself in the mirror.A.smilingB.laughingC.shouting D.staring 6The index is the government's chief gauge of future economic activity A.measure B.opinion C.method D.decision 7It's sensible to start any exercise program gradually at first.A.workable B.reasonable C.possible D.available 8 A lot of people could fall ill after drinking contaminated water.A.boiled B.polluted C.mixed D.sweetened 9You have to be patient if you want to sustain your position A.maintain
B.better C.acquire D.support 10 She stood there, trembling with fear.A.jumping B.crying C.moving D.shaking Medical facilities are being upgraded.A.expanded B.repairedC.improved D.transferred 12 Rock climbing is hazardous.A.interesting B.dangerous C.attractive D.useful 13John is eligible for this job.A.accepted B.recommendedC.rejectedD.recommended 14 In order to improve our standard of living, we have to accelerate production.A.involveB.decreaseC.speed upD.give up 15Mary looked pale and weary.A.worried B.ugly
C.silly D.exhausted
二、阅读判断(共1题，合计7分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了七个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑
Micro-chip research center created A research center has been set up in this far-east country to develop advanced micro-chip production technology.The center, which will start out with about US$14million,will help the country develop its chip industry without always depending on imported technology.The center will make use of its research skills and facilities to develop new technology for domestic chip plants.The advent of the center will possibly free the country from the situation that it is always buying almost-outdated technologies from other countries, said the country‟s flagship chipmaker.Currently, chip plants in this country are in a passive situation because many foreign governments don‟t allow them to import the most advanced technologies, fearing they will be used for military purposes.Moreover, the high licensing fees they have to pay to technology provider are also an important reason for their decision of self-reliance.As mainstream chip production technology shifts from one generation to the next every three to five years, plants with new technology can make more powerful chips at lower costs, while plants with out-dated equipment, which often cost billions of dollars to build, will be marginalized by the maker.More than 10 chip plants are being built, each costing millions of U.S.dollars.the majority of that money goes to overseas equipment vendors and technology owners-mainly from Japan and Singapore.Should the new center play a major role in improving the situation in industry, the country admits the US$14million in vestment is still rather small.This country is developing comprehensive technologies.Most of the investment will be spent on setting alliances with technology and intellectual property owners.16The country says that the investment of US$14 million is big enough for developing that country‟ chip industry.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 17 That country gives top priorities to developing chips for military purposes.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 18Although the licensing fees are not very high, that far-east country cannot afford to pay.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned Many western countries ban the exporting of the most advanced chip-making technologies to that country to prevent them from being used for military purposes.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 20 Currently, almost all the flagship chipmakers in that country are owned by American investors.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 21Mainstream chip production technology develop rapidly.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 22 More than 10 chip plants being built in that country are an example of self-reliance.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
三、概括大意(共1题，合计8分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)1---4 题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2--5 段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第5--8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known，new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences.Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more
trouble falling and staying asleep，as well as a number of other sleep problems，than people who sleep 8 hours a night.People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and
feeling refreshed after a night‟s sleep than 8-hour sleepers.These findings, which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine，demonstrate that people who want to get a good night‟s rest may not need to set aside。more than 8 hours a night.He added that“it might be a good idea'‟for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed, but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this.Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep一for instance, one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more.For the current report，Kripke reviewed the responses of 1，004 adults to sleep
questionnaires，in which participants indicated how much they slept during the Week and whether they
experienced any sleep problems.Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night，arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep，and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning.KriDke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours.In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed.As evidence，he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed.“It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed, then they‟ll spend a higher percentage of time awake.”he said.23Paragraph 2 _E__.24Paragraph 4_B__.25Paragraph 5__A_.26Paragraph 6__D_.A.Keprike‟s research tool B.Dangers of Habitual shortages of sleep
C.Criticism on Kripke‟s report D.A way of overcoming insomnia E.Sleep problems of long and short sleepers
F.Classification of sleep problems 27To get a good night‟s rest，people may not need to _F__.28Long sleepers are reported to be more likely to__E_.29One of the sleep problems is waking in the middle of the night，unable to__A_.One survey showed that people who habitually __C_each night have a higher risk of dying.A fall asleep again.B become more energetic the following day
C sleep less than 7 hours D confirm those serious consequences
E suffer sleep problems F sleep more than 8 hours
四、阅读理解(共3题，合计45分)短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短
文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Stress Level Tied to Education Level
People with less education suffer fewer stressful days, according to a report in the current issue of the
Journal of Health and Social Behavior.However, the study also found that when 1ess-educated people did suffer stress it was more severe and had a larger impact on their health.From this, researchers have concluded that the day-to-day factors that cause stress are not random.Ⅵr11ere you are in society determines the kinds of problems that you have each day, and how well you will cope with them.The research team interviewed a national sample of 1.03 1 adults daily for eight days about their stress level and health.People without a high school diploma reported stress on 30 percent of the study days，people with a high school degree reported stress 38 percent of the time，and people with college degrees reported stress 44 percent of the time.„Less advantaged people are less healthy on a daily basis and are more likely to have downward turns in their health。‟”lead researcher Dr.Joseph Grzywacz，of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, said in a prepared statement.“The downward turns in health were connected with daily stressors.and the effect of daily stressors on their health is much more devastating for the less advantaged.”
Grzywacz suggested follow-up research to determine why
less-educated people report fewer days of stress when it is known their stress is more acute and chronic.“If something happens every day, maybe it‟snot seen as a
stressor”Grzywacz says.“Maybe it is just 1ife.”
Stress level is closely related to B)social status.32The 1.03 1 adults were interviewed A)on adaily basis for 8days.33 Which group reported the biggest number of stressful days?
D)People with college degrees.34The less advantaged people are，the greater
A)the impact of stress on their health is.35Less—educated people report fewer days of stress possibly because C)stress is too common a factor in their life.Superconductor Ceramic(陶瓷)An underground revolution begins this winter.With the flip(轻击)of a switch,30,000homes in one part of Detroit will soon become the first in the country to receive
electricitytransmitted by ice cold high performance cables.Other American cities are expected to followDetroit's example in the years ahead, which could conserve enormous amounts of power.The new electrical cables at the Frisbie power station in Detroit are revolutionary becausethey are made of superconductors.A superconductor is a material that transmits electricity withlittle or no resistance.Resistance is the degree to which a substance resists electric current.Allcommon electrical conductors have a certain amount of electrical resistance.They convert atleast some of the electrical energy passing through them into waste heat.Superconductors don't.No one understands how superconductivity works.It just does.Making superconductors isn't easy.A superconductor material has to be cooled to an extremely low temperature to lose its resistance.The first superconductors, made more than 50years ago, had to be cooled to-263 degrees Celsius before they lost their resistance.Newersuperconducting materials lose their resistance at-143 degrees Celsius.The superconductors cable installed at the Frisbie station is made of a ceramic material thatcontains copper, oxygen, bismuth(铋), strontium(锶), and calcium(钙).A ceramic is ahard, strong compound made from clay or minerals.The superconducting ceramic has beenfashioned into a tape that is wrapped lengthwise around a long tube filled with liquid nitrogen.Liquid nitrogen is super cold and lowers the temperature of the ceramic tape to the point where itconveys electricity with zero resistance.The United States loses an enormous amount of electricity each year to resistance.Becausecooled supercondUutors have no resistance, they waste much less power, other cities arewatching the Frisbie experiment in the hope that they might switch to superconducting cable andconserve power, too.36What is the benefit of the revolution mentioned in the first paragraph? C.Great amounts of power can be conserved.37Compared to common electrical conductors, superconductors__________ A.have little or no electrical resistance 38 At what temperature does the superconducting ceramic lose its resistance__________? A.-143 degree Celsius.39 What element enables the ceramic tape to lower its temperature__________? B.Liquid nitrogen.40According to the last paragraph, which of the following statements is NOT true__________? D.The Fribie experiment is not successful.The Science of the Future
Until recently, the “science of the future” was supposed to be electronics and artificialintelligence.Today it seems more and more likely that the next great breakthroughs intechnology will be brought through a combination of those two sciences with organic chemistryand genetic engineering.This combination is the science of biotechnology.Organic chemistry enables us to produce marvelous synthetic(合成的)materials.However,it is still difficult to manufacture anything that has the capacity of wool to conserve heat and alsoto absorb moisture.Nothing that we have been able to produce so far comes anywhere near thecombination of strength, lightness and flexibility that we fred in the bodies of ordinary insects.Nevertheless, scientists in the laboratory have already succeeded in “growing” a material that has many of the characteristics of human skin.The next step may well be “biotech heartsand eyes” which can replace diseased organs in human beings.These will not be rejected by thebody, as is the case with organs from humans.The application of biotechnology to energy production seems even more promising.In1996 the famous science-fiction writer, Arthur C.Clarke, many of whose previous predictionshave come true.He said that we may soon be able to develop remarkably cheap and renewablesources of energy.Some of these power sources will be biological.Clarke and others havewarned us repeatedly that sooner or later we wi/1 have to give up our dependence on non-renewable power sources.Coal, oil and gas are indeed convenient.However, using them alsomeans creating dangerously high levels of pollution.It will be impossible to meet the growingdemand for energy without increasing that pollution to catastrophic(灾难性的)levels unlesswe develop power sources that are both cheaper and cleaner.It is attempting to think that biotechnology or some other “science of the future” can solveour problems.Before we surrender to that temptation we should remember nuclear power.Only a few generations ago it seemed to promise/imit/ess, cheap and safe energy.Today thosepromises lie buried in a concrete grave in a place called Chernobyl, in the Ukraine.Biotechnology is unlikely, however, to break its promises in quite the same or such a dangerousway.41According to the passage, the science of the future is likely to be__________ B.biotechnology 42 Organic chemistry helps to produce materials that are__________ C.not as good as natural materials 43 According to the passage, it may soon be possible__________ D.to make artificial hearts and eyes 44In 1996, Arthur C.Clarke predicted that__________ B.oil, gas and coal could be repeatedly used in the future.45 What do we learn from the last paragraph__________?
C.Biological power may not be as dangerous as nuclear power.五、补全短文(共1题，合计10分)补全短文
Growing cooperation among branches of tourism has proved valuable to all concerned.Government bureaus, trade and travel associations, carriers and properties are all working together to bring about optimum conditions for travelers.Travel operators, specialists in the field of planning, sponsor extensive research programs.They have knowledge of all areas and all carrier services, and they are experts in organizing different types of tours and ____(46)C in preparing effective advertising campaigns ____.They distribute materials to agencies, such as journals, brochures and advertising projects.They offer familiarization and workshop tours ____(47)_ B so that in a short time agents can obtain first-hand
knowledge of the tours.___.Tourist counselors give valuable seminars to acquaint agents with new programs and techniques in selling.In this way agents learn ____(48)_ F to explain destinations
___ and to suggest different modes and combinations of travel-planes;ships, trains, motorcoaches，car-rentals, and even car purchases.Properties and agencies work closely together to make the most suitable contracts, considering both the comfort of the clients and their own profitable financial arrangement.Agencies rely upon the good services of hotels, and, conversely, ____(49)_ E hotels rely upon agencies
___, to fulfill their contracts and to send them clients.The same confidence exists between agencies and carriers, ____(50)_ A including car-rental and sight-seeing services.___.Carriers are dependent upon agencies to supply passengers, and agencies are dependent upon carriers to present them with marketable tours.All services must work together for greater efficiency, fair pricing and contented customers.六、完形填空(共1题，合计15分)Nobody likes insects.They are
annoying and sometimes dangerous.Some of them bite us and give us 51;others bite us and give us big red 52.Some do not bite, 53 they just fly round our heads or crawl round our houses and gardens.And we do not like any of them 54 those lovely butterflies.But insects are interesting.First, they are very 55 animals.Three
hundred and twenty million years ago there were no men or other mammals in the world but there were insects.Today, 56 every square mile of land there are millions of them flying and crawling 57.Second, insects are very adaptable to their habitat, to their food and to the weather.Now there are about a million different 58 in the world.59 do people use insecticides? Not many insects 60 us.In many cases we do not see the insects and we do not think much about them.The reason is that insects eat 61 of man's food, 62 there are so many billions of them.We must use insecticides
to get rid of them.An insecticide is simply a special chemical 63 with some poisonous elements.Farmers spray their crops very often and the insects die quickly.Of course some poisonous chemicals may 64 on the crops or in the 65 , and that is also dangerous.51 B.diseases 52 C.spots 53 B.but 54 D.except
55A.old 56A.on 57 C.about 58A.species 59 D.Why
C.hurt 61 D.so much
C.and 63 C.compound 64 B.stay 65A.soil
第四篇：2012职称英语B级押题
词汇选项（同义词）
1.It was(advisable)for an old couple to adopt an orphan, as they had no children of their own.C.sensible 2.There are several things to(take into consideration)when you are searching.-A.take into account 3.About eight at night, and already very（weary）, I came to a long house.D.exhausted 4.The revival of corporate-bond markets, if（sustained）, would be good news.-B.maintained 5.She was（strolling）as though she had no particular objective.C.sauntering 6.We're getting a（wage）increase of 40 a year, before tax.C.salary 7.The King is a（mighty）monarch but full of pride, harsh and cruel.A.forceful 8.His account is correct except that some details are（omitted）.-B.elided 9.I'll（answer for）it you shall have nothing put upon you here.-C.take the responsibility of 10.In such cases there is normally a（swift）collapse of value.A.fast 11.It seems that the two friends meet masked and（vaguely）know each other through the disguise.-B.dimly 12.We have a tight schedule for your(brief)visit.-C.short-lived 13.Some of the women in the office felt（dizzy）and screamed.-C.faint 14.No rich country has laid out a（credible）, medium-term fiscal plan-B.believable
15.If they are（unwilling）, the only way to maintain a friendship is to socialize outside their homes.-D.reluctant
词汇选项（同义词）
1.We will give every staff(space)to develop.B.room
2.He was known as a(reliable)man.A.faithful
3.He(achieved)success by working hard.B.attained
4.This book isn't(funny)at all.C.amusing
5.Idleness is the(root)of all evil.-C.cause
6.Mary decided to(take out)her bad tooth.-C.extract
7.He is a(highly)competent teacher.-B.quite
8.Can you(account for)why we lost?16.Physicians are prohibited to talk about the topic of sex selection.A.Right
17.Before the study of sex selection, data showing the demand was blank.A.Right
18.In the study 332 women wanted to choose the sex of a future child.B.Wrong
19.Every woman would like to have her next child of the opposite sex.B.Wrong
20.Now in China there are two methods of sex selection being used.C.Not mentioned 21.In vitro fertilization means pre-implantation genetic diagnosis.B.Wrong
22.The method of sperm separation is cheaper than the method of pre-implantation genetic diagnosis.A.Right
概括大意和完成句子――Washoe学会了美国手语
Washoe Learned American Sign Language 23.Paragraph 1____ C.General Information about Washoe 24.Paragraph 2____ B.Report about Washoe's Progress in Learning Sign Language 25.Paragraph 3____ E.Debate on Chimps' Intelligence 26.Paragraph 4____ A.Reason Why Not Many Scientists Carry out This Research Nowadays 27.Washoe could make signs to communicate____.C.when she wanted to eat 28.Some scientists doubted____.A.if the Gardeners' argument was sound 29.Washoe taught three younger chimps sign language_____.D.while she was at research center in Ellensburg 30.The experiments thought Washoe was intelligent _____.E.becuase she could use sign language to ask for fruits 概括大意和完成句子――对别人的第一印象是怎样形成的 How We Form First Impression 23.Paragraph 2
D.Comparing Incoming Sensory Information Against Memories 24.Paragraph 3
C.Illustration of First Impression 25.Paragraph 4
B.Comment on First Impression 26.Paragraph 5
A.Ways of Departure from Immature and Simplistic Impressions
27.Sensory information is one that is received through ___.E.the sights and sounds of the world
28.You interpret ___by comparing it against the memories already stored in your brain.D.the meaning of incoming sensory information
29.The way we stereotype people is a less mature form of thinking, which is similar to ___.C.the immature form of thinking of a very young people
30.We can use our mature style of thinking thanks to ___.B.the most complex areas of our cortex
概括大意和完成句子――移动卡之间的债务可以节省您的钱
Moving Debt Between Cards Can Save You Money 23.Paragraph 2
B.Take up teaser offers 24.Paragraph 3
C.Check the small print 25.Paragraph 4
D.Keep Track of Time 26.Paragraph 5
F.Moving Around and Your Credit Rating
27.Chances are that you would get a cheaper or better card because_____.C.the credit card industry is so competitive.28.These teaser rates will save you a lot of money especially_____.A.if you switch to another card's teaser rate.29.You'll have to pay interest at the normal rate_____.B.if you miss the end of the teaser period by even a day.30.Bear in mind that the longer you move debt around for,_____.F.the fewer companies will want to send you their very best teaser rates.所属题型：阅读理解――看许久以前的世界
Seeing the World Centuries Ago
If you enjoy looking through travel books by such familiar authors as Arthur。。。more than 75,000 miles.31.This passage is mostly about____.C.where three early travel writers went and wrote about 32.Ibn Battutah traveled____.C.throughout the Muslim world 33.The books of the three writers were popular because____.B.they told of strange and exotic locales 34.The overall organization of this passage is through____.A.chronological order 35.In this passage “attest” means to____.D.give proof of 所属题型：阅读理解――“幸运的”鲁肯伯爵——是死是活
“Lucky” Lord Lucan—Alive or Dead
On 8th November 1974。。。。if it can close the book on this one.36.The public are still interested in the investigation because ____.C.Lord Lucan has never been found 37.It is thought that Lucan killed the nanny because ____.C.it was dark and he thought she was Lady Lucan 38.Aspinall thought Lucan killed himself by ____.D.sinking his boat 39.Lucan could have been killed because people ____.B.thought he might talk to the police about them if he was caught 40.EX-detective MacLaughlin claimed that Mr.Barry Haplin ____.C.was really Lord Lucan in disguise 所属题型：阅读理解――讲述可怕的过去
Tales of the Terrible Past
It is not the job of。。。historical situations alive for a modern audience.41.This passage is mostly about____.D.two novels that deal with slavery 42.Beloved is set____.C.in Ohio after the Civil War
43.The writer seems to feel that____.B.the books are worthwhile but challenging 44.The writer emphasizes that the two books are similar in their____.D.portrayal of violence
45.The word “appalling” means____.A.terrible
阅读理解――撒哈拉沙漠
The Sahara
The name Sahara。。。。The round trip across the vast sands takes one month.31.This passage is mostly about____.A.life in the Sahara
32.Rainfall in most of the Sahara is____.A.less than five inches per year
33.The Sahara can be described as____.A.a place of contrasts
34.The phrase “an area roughly the size of the United States” gives an indication of the size of____.C.the Sahara
35.In this passage caravan means____.B.a group traveling together through difficult country
阅读理解――芭蕾舞的发展
The Development of Ballet
Ballet is a dance form that has。。。。1948 and to influence new generations of dancers.。
36.This passage deals mainly with____.C.the way ballet developed
37.An important influence in early ballet was____.D.Louis XIV
38.You can conclude from this passage that ballet____.B.will continue to change as new people and ideas influence it
39.The information in this passage is presented____.D.in chronological order
40.The word pageants means____.D.elaborate shows 阅读理解――《晚宴派对》
The Dinner Party
I first heard this。。。。Because it was crawling across my foot.“ 41.Which of the statements about the dining room is NOT true? C.It has limited space.42.In the discussion the major says in any crisis a man C.has that ounce more of control than a woman has.43.The American feels startled when he sees the boy place a bowl of milk on the veranda in that A.he knows there must be a cobra in the dining room.44.Instead of warnning the others, the American asks them C.not to move a muscle while he is counting.45.What does the American do when he sees the cobra emerge?
D.He jumps to slam the veranda doors safely shut.阅读理解――索非娅。罗兰
Sophia Loren 31.Sophia Loren was once nicknamed Stechetto because C.she was skinny and little.32.Her first taste of glamour gained her C.a train ticket to Rome and $35.33.In another beauty contest Sofia won A.the second place.34.Which of the following statements about Carlo Ponti is NOT true? D.He first got married in 1957.35.When did Loren and Ponti legally get married? D.In 1966 阅读理解――走私
Smuggling
It is not unusual。。。surprises us.” 36.The dog was different from others in that A.it had an unusual lump on its body.37.The smuggler uses snakes to C.transport the drugs.38.How many pounds of heroin were estimated to be smuggled into the United States in 1994? B.2,577 39.Which of the following could best replace
the expression “small fry” in the third paragraph?
C.Small smugglers
40.What is this article about?
C.Varied drug transportation methods 阅读理解――作出暂时的牺牲的爱
Making a Temporary Sacrifice of Love
For two years,。。be for the rest of our lives.41.What does Hurley's husband do？ B.He is a student.42.In tradition, what kind of husband do American women want?
C.Men with higher education.43.When making the sacrifice, those women will face the following difficulties EXCEPT that
D.others' misunderstanding.44.What does the word “breadwinner” in paragraph five mean?
A.The person who supports the family.45.What is Mike's attitude towards the future of his family in the hard days? B.Optimistic.补全短文――虚拟驾驶员
Virtual Driver
Driving involves sharp。。。should be like.46.()D.But how does an intelligent car control itself?
47.()C.This is the brain of the car.48.()E.It completes the processing of the images sent by the cameras within 100 milliseconds.49.()A.Experts say that we cannot do that just yet.50.()B.In the near future, intelligent cars will be put into commercial operation.补全短文――如何帮助孩子克服恐惧
Help the Children Conquer Fear
Many parents struggle。。particularly fears of imaginary creatures.46.()C.The study appears in the November 2009 issue of the journal Child Development.47.()A.Each story featured a child alone or with another person.48.()F.They were also asked to offer a way to help the child in the story feel less afraid.49.()D.In these situations, girls more often wanted to avoid the creature than boys.50.()B.But older children tended to suggest reminding themselves what the reality was.补全短文――远程办公
Telecommuting
Telecommuting, substituting the computer for the trip to the job,。。。。That is partly why, despite the widespread press coverage, the number of companies with work-at-home programs or policy guidelines remains small.46.()C.For management, telecommuting helps keep high performers on board by eliminating commutes.47.()E.Those local governments also believe the use of telecommuting can improve air quality.48.()A.She hooks up her telephone modern connections and does office work between calls to the doctor.49.()F.Because young children cannot recognize the necessary boundaries between work and family.50.()D.Besides workers, telecommuting management too must separate the myth from the reality.所属题型：完形填空――职业母亲
Working Mothers
Carefully conducted。。。(65)that matters.51.（）A.view
52.（）C.number
53.（）A.afford
54.（）C.necessity 55.（）B.cut 56.（）D.comes
57.（）C.across
58.（）C.In reality
59.（）B.matter
60.（）A.perfectly
61.（）C.members
62.（）D.plenty of 63.（）B.attached
64.（）D.do
65.（）A.quality
完形填空――有鸟陪伴的生活
A Life with Birds 51.（）B.better
52.（）D.top
53.（）C.From
54.（）A.for
55.（）D.offered
56.（）C.hesitation
57.（）A.aware
58.（）B.maintaining
59.（）B.make
60.（）A.devotes
61.（）D.fact
62.（）C.keep
63.（）C.At first
64.（）B.keen
65.（）B.all
完形填空――城市交通
Traffic in Our Cities
The volume of traffic(65)at an acceptable level.51.（）A.of
52.（）D.persuade
53.（）A.approach
54.（）B.increasing
55.（）D.taking away 56.（）C.breaks
57.（）D.known
58.（）B.number
59.（）A.fixed
60.（）C.dealing
61.（）A.outskirts
62.（）D.final
63.（）B.thing
64.（）C.give up
65.（）B.kept
第五篇：2014年职称英语综合类A级考前押题
第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1.Techniques to employ the energy of the sun are being developed.A.convert
B.store
C.utilize
D.receive
2.Since the Great Depression, the United States government has protected farmers from damaging drops in grain prices.A.slight
B.surprising
C.sudden
D.harmful
3.Medicine depends on other fields for basic information, particularly some of their specialized branches.A.conventionally
B.obviously
C.especially
D.inevitably
4.An important part of the national government is the Foreign Service, a branch of the Department of the State.A.a unity
B.a division
C.an embassy
D.an invitation
5.We were astonished to hear that their football team had won the champion.A.amazed
B.amounted
C.amused
D.approached
6.There is an abundant supply of cheap labor in this country.A.a steady
B.a plentiful
C.an extra
D.a stable
7.All living organisms, regardless of their unique identity, have certain logical, chemical, and physical characteristics in common.A.as a result of
B.considering
C.on purpose
D.whatever
8.The most crucial problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources.A.puzzling
B.difficult
C.terrifying
D.urgent
9.Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree to which they can be deliberately controlled and modified.A.sufficiently
B.noticeably
C.intentionally
D.absolutely
10.The Constitutions, vague nature has given it the flexibility to be adapted when circumstances change.A.imprecise
B.concise
C.unpolished
D.elementary
11.The expedition reached the summit at 10:30 that morning.A.top of the mountain
B.bottom of that morning
C.starting point
D.site
12.The latest census is encouraging.A.count
B.statement
C.agreement
D.estimate
13.Academic records from other institutions often become part of a university's official file and can neither be returned to a student nor duplicated.A.borrowed
B.purchased
C.copied
D.rewritten
14.While serving in the Senate in the early 1970s, Barbara Jordan supported legislation to ban discrimination and to deal with environment problems.A.list
B.forbid
C.handle
D.investigate
15.Gambling is lawful in Nevada.A.legal
B.irresistible
C.enjoyable
D.profitable 第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)
下面的短文后列了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
A Dog's Dilemma
Finding a babysitter while you go out to work is, for example, an inconvenience.For the African wild dog, one of the continent's most endangered carnivores, it's a matter of life and death.New research shows that once packs fall below a certain size, there are not enough animals to both hunt food and stay at home protecting the young.The African wild dog has declined drastically over the past century.Habitual loss, persecution and unexplained outbreaks of disease have all been blamed.Only 3, 000 to 5, 000 animals remain, and the species is expected to go extinct within decades if the trend continues.Other large carnivores such as the spotted hyena face similar pressures, yet are not declining.Now Franck Courchamp of Cambridge University has found a reason why.The dog's weakness lies in its social organisation.Within each pack of up to 20 adults and pups, only the dominant male and female breed.The remaining animals help raise the pups, cooperating to hunt prey and defend the kill from other carnivores.Because pups can't keep up on a hunt, large packs leave an adult behind to protect them from predators, which include lions and hyenas.But leaving a babysitter also carries costs.A smaller hunting party is less able to tackle large prey and to defend the kill.There is also one less stomach in which to carry food hack to the den, and one more mouth to feed when they get there.Courchamp investigated this awkward trade-off by modelling how the costs of a babysitter change with decreasing pack size.This showed that packs of more than five adults should be able to feed all the pups and still spare a babysitter.But with smaller packs, either the hunting or the babysitting suffers, or the animals have to compensate by increasing the number of hunting excursions-which itself carries a cost to the pack.Field observations in Zimbabwe supported the model.Packs of five animals or fewer left pups unguarded more frequently than larger packs did.There was also evidence that when they did leave a babysitter, they were forced to hunt more often.A pack which drops below a critical size becomes caught in a vicious circle, says Courchamp, who is now at Paris-Sud University.“Poor reproduction and low survival further reduces pack size, culminating in failure of the whole pack.” And deaths caused by human activity, says Courchamp, may be what reduces pack numbers to below the sustainable threshold.Mammal ecologist Chris Carbone at London's Institute of Zoology agrees.Maintaining the integrity of wild dog packs will be vital in pre serving the species, he says.16.The African wild dog has been endangered.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
17.The spotted hyena is on the verge of extinction.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
18.The remaining lions will die out within decades.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
19.The dominant female is always left behind to protect the young.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
20.There is a tension between babysitting and hunting.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
21.The size of a pack must be big enough for it to survive.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
22.Steps will be taken to protect the African wild dog.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned 第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上.Keeping Cut Flowers While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around their house, few people know how to keep them for as long as possible.This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple facts.An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature.For example, studies have shown that cut carnations(康乃馨)retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12℃ than when kept at 26℃.Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably the most important aspect of flower care.Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long.Their biological purpose is simply to attract birds or insects, such as bees, for pollination(授粉).After that, they quickly dry up and die.The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide(二氧化碳), called respiration(呼吸), generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and color.The making of seeds also depends on this energy.While all living things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration.A result of all this respiration is heat, and for flowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high.Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower.Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies.How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respiration.How is respiration controlled? By controlling temperature.We know that respiration produces heat, but the
reverse is also true.Thus by maintaining low temperatures, respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowly.Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed.Flowers find it difficult to “drink” water that is dirty or otherwise polluted.Even when water looks and smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers.To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach(含氯漂白剂)can be used in small quantities.It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach(at 4% solution)be added to each liter of water.The water and solution should also be replaced each day.Paragraph 2__________.Paragraph 3__________.Paragraph 4__________.Paragraph 5__________.A Control of Respiration
B Beauty of Fresh Cut Flowers
C Role of Respiration
D Most Important Aspect of Flower Care
E Need for Clean Water
F Ways of Stopping Respiration A few simple facts will help you keep cut flowers__________.Respiration plays a key role__________ The aging of cut flowers can be slowed down__________.Another important way to prolong the life of cut flowers is__________.A by keeping its original shape and color
B in the life of cut flowers
C to produce carbon dioxide
D for as long as possible
E by controlling temperature
F to replace the water and solution every day 第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
My Fast Job
I was six when I joined my father and two elder brothers at sunrise in the hayfields of Eufaula, Oklahoma.By the time I was eight I was helping Dad fix up low-income rental properties.He gave me a penny for every nail I pulled out of old boards.I got my first real job, at JM's Restaurant in town, when I was 12.My main responsibilities were clearing tables and washing dishes, but sometimes I helped cook.Every day after school I would head to JM's and work until ten.Saturdays I worked from two until eleven.At that age it was unlucky going to work and watching my friends run off to swim or play.I didn't necessarily like work, but I loved what working allowed me to have.Because of my job I was always the one buying when my friends and I went to the local bar Tastee Freez.This made me proud.Word that I was honest and hardworking got around town.A local clothing store extended credit to me although I was only in the seventh grade.I immediately charged a $ 68 sports coat and a $ 22 pair of trousers.I was making only 65 cents an hour, and I was already $ 90 in debt!So I learned early the danger of easy credit.I paid it off as soon as I could.My first job taught me discipline, responsibility and brought me a level of personal satisfaction few of my friends had experienced.As my father, who worked three jobs, once told me, “If you understand sacrifice and commitment, there are not many things in life you can't have.” How right he was!
When the author was a child, he was made to help his father work because___________
A the restaurant was short of hands.B his family belonged to the low-income group.C he wanted to earn some money.D he was stronger than his two brothers.32 At the age of 12, the author got a job at a restaurant and often worked till late at night because___________
A he liked that work.B he didn't like playing.C he was hard-working.D he felt rewarded by doing that work.33 The word “Word” in the sentence “Word that I was honest and-hard-working got around town in the fourth paragraph means___________
A statement.B advice.C news.D promise.34 When the author was in the seventh grade, he was in debt because___________
A he did not work any more.B he bought clothes on credit.C he was charged too much for the sports coat.D he made little money at that time.35 What does the author want to tell the reader by this text?
A If you know sacrifice and responsibility, you can have many things in life.B Children from poor families usually have a very unhappy childhood.C Children should be made to work and earn some money by themselves.D You will learn discipline and responsibility by working early in life.Ford's Assembly Line
When it comes to singling out those who have made a difference in all our lives, you cannot overlook Henry Ford.A historian a century from now might well conclude that it was Ford who most influenced all manufacturing, everywhere, even to this day, by introducing a new way to make cars one, strange to say, that originated in slaughterhouses(屠宰场).Back in the early 1900's, slaughterhouses used what could have been called a ”disassembly line“.Ford reversed this process to see if it would speed up production of a part of an automobile engine called a magneto.Rather than have each worker completely assemble a magneto, one of its elements was placed on a conveyer, and each worker, as it passed, added another component to it, the same one each time.Professor David Hounshell of the University of Delaware, an expert on industrial development, tells what happened.”The previous day, workers carrying out the entire process had averaged one assembly every 20 minutes.But on that day, on the line, the assemble team averaged one every 13minutes and 10 seconds per person.“
Within a year, the time had been reduced to five minutes.In 1913, Ford went all the way.Hooked together by ropes, partially assembled vehicles were towed(拖,拉)past workers who completed them one piece at a time.It hasn't long before Ford was turning out several hundred thousand cars a year, a remarkable achievement then.And so efficient and economical was this new system that he cut the price of his cars in half, to $ 260, putting them within reach of all those who, up until that time, could not afford them.Soon, auto makers and the world all copied him.In fact, heencouraged them to do so by writing a book about all of his innovations, entitled Today and Tomorrow.The Age of the Automobile has arrived.Today, aided by robots and other forms of automation(自动化), everything from toasters to perfumes is made on assembly lines.Which of the following statements about Henry Ford is NOT true____?
A.He introduced a new way of production.B.He influenced all manufacturing.C.He inspired other auto makers.D.He changed a historian's mind.37、The writer mentions ”slaughterhouses“ because they were the places where ____
A.Ford's assembly line originated
B.Ford made his first car
C.Ford readjusted the assembly line
D.Ford innovated the disassembly line
38、A magneto is a technical term for____
A.an automobile
B.a production line
C.a part of an automobile engine
D.a disassembly line
39、the phrase ”turning out“ in the last paragraph could be best replaced by____
A.”producing“
B.”selling“
C.”buying“
D.”fixing"
40、The invention of the assembly line enabled Henry Ford____
A.to create more jobs for the unemployed
B.to write a book on history
C.to reduce the price of his cars to $260
D.to cut the production of his cars by 50%
第三篇
Play
Play is the principal business of childhood, and in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being.From earliest infancy, every child needs opportunity and the right materials for play, and the main tools of play are toys, Their main function is to suggest, encourage and assist play.To succeed in this they must be good toys, which children will play with often, and will come back to again and again.Therefore it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child's development.In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities.is largely determined in the first three years of his life.So a baby's ability to profit from the right play materials should not be underestimated.A baby who is encouraged and stimulated, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully.In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds.Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability.Bricks and jigsaws(七巧板)and construction toys;painting, scribbling(涂鸦)and making things;sand and water play;toys for imaginative and pretending play;the first social games for learning to play and get on with others.But the third stage of playdevelopment--from five to seven or eight years--the child is at school.But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school.It is easier to see which type of toys the child most enjoys.Until the age of seven or eight, play and work mean much the same to a child.But once reading has been mastered, then books and school become the main source of learning.Toys are still interesting and valuable, they lead on to new hobbies, but their significance has changed-to a child of nice or ten years, toys and games mean, as to adults, relaxation and fun.The passage tells us that as a child grows up, ____
A.he should be allowed to choose his own toys
B.he should be given identical toys
C.he should be given different toys
D.he should be given fewer and fewer toys
42、According to the passage, the abilities a child has inherited from his parents ____
A.determine his character
B.will not change after the age of three
C.partly determine the standard he is likely to reach
D.to a large extent determine the choice of toys
43、Who have the best chance of growing up successfully____?
A.Those who tend to overeat.B.Those who are given a lot of toys.C.Those who are given toys, talked to and played with.D.Those who can share their toys with their playmates.44、We learn from the passage that a child has boundless curiosity ____
A.when he is two
B.when he is around four
C.when he is six
D.when he is eight
45、The passage is mainly about ____
A.the importance of pre-school education
B.the importance of schooling
C.the role of play in a child's development
D.the choice of toys for adolescents 第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
How to Interview People
Interviewing(采访)is one of those skills that you can only get better at.You will never again feel so ill at ease as when you try it for the first time, and probably you'll never feel entirely comfortable trying to get from another person answers that he or she may be too shy to reveal.___________(46)The rest is instinct, which can all be learned with experience.The basic tools for an interview are paper and two or three well-sharpened pencils.But keep your notebook or paper out of sight until you need it.There's nothing less likely to relax a person than the arrival of someone with a note-taking pad.___________(47)Take a while just to chat, judging what sort of person you're dealing with, getting him or her to trust you.Never go into an interview without doing whatever homework you can.If you are interviewing a town official, know his voting record.If it's an actor, know what plays he has been in.___________(48)
Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets.___________(49)Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting, and they grasp any chance to talk to an outsider who seems eager to listen.This doesn't necessarily mean that it will go well.In general you will be talking to people who have never been interviewed before, and they will get used to the process awkwardly, perhaps not giving you anything that you can use.___________(50)You will both even begin to enjoy it-proof that you aren't forcing your victim to do something he doesn't really want to.A Come back another day;it will go better
B But at least half of the skill is mechanical
C As one philosopher interviewed in the film notes, they lack irony
D You will not be liked if you inquire about facts that you could have learned in advance.E This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary
F Both of you need time to get to know each other 第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Cost as a Factor in Supply
In a purely competitive market, the supplier of goods and services has no control over the market price, because he produces too little to influence market conditions.With no difference between his products and the products___________(51)his competitors, he will sell nothing if he charges above the market price and he will sell all if he charges at or___________(52)the market price.However, in considering the price, he must take the___________(53)of production into consideration.There are times when he may be willing to sell below his cost.This might happen when prices tumble for___________(54)he believes will be a short time.However, no business person can ___________(55)to lose money for a prolonged period.He must be constantly ___________(56)of his costs in relation to the market price if he is to compete successfully and earn a profit.Many people have the impression that as production increases, costs per unit decrease.___________(57)mass production has made this true in certain industries and at certain levels of production, ___________(58)logic and practical experiences have shown that costs per unit begin to rise beyond a certain level of production.Some economists___________(59)to this principle as the law of increasing costs.The reason costs rise as production goes up is ___________(60).However, it is easy to recognize that as production goes up, the need for additional factors of production will also grow, ___________(61)competitive bidding in the marketplace for the factors of production.If a producer needs ___________(62)skilled labor to produce more, and none of this labor is unemployed, the producer will have to get___________(63)from other sources.This can be done by___________(64)higher wages.Higher bidding would also apply to the other factors of production.We must also recognize that not all labor is equally productive, ___________(65)not all land is equally fertile and not all ore(矿石)is equally rich in the mineral wanted.51 A to B at C of D on
A below B beneath C over D above
A price B cost C worth D profit
A that B why C what D if
A afford B pretend C offer D decide
A sure B afraid C aware D suspicious
A Because B since C When D While
A both B neither C none D any
A resort B refer C turn D attend
A clear B simple C difficult D complex
A bringing B resulting in C including D carrying out
A less B numerous C more D many
A them B these C it D those
A offering B cutting C reducing D having
A as if B just as C because D while 参考答案:
1.C 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.A
6.B 7.D 8.D 9.C 10.A
11.A 12.A 13.C 14.B 15.A
16.A 17.B 18.C 19.B 20.A
21.A 22.C
23.D24.C25.A26.E27.D28.B29.E30.F
31.C32.D33.C34.B35.A
36-45DACAC CCCBC
46.B47.F48.D49.E50.A
51.C52.A53.B54.C55.A
56.C57.D58.A59.B60.D
61.B62.C63.C64.A65.B
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