2014年职称英语综合类C级考前押题

第一篇：2014年职称英语综合类C级考前押题

第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1.I have been trying to quit smoking.A.give up

B.pick up

C.build up

D.take up

2.Relief workers were shocked by what they saw.A.moved

B.touched

C.surprised

D.worried

3.The weather is a constant subject of conversation in Britain.A.question

B.problem

C.title

D, topic

4.This is not typical of English, but is a feature of the Chinese language.A.particular

B.characteristic

C.remarkable

D.idiomatic

5.It is virtually impossible to persuade him to apply for the job，A.simply

B.almost

C.totally

D.completely

6.These are defensive behavior patterns which derive from our fears.A.stem

B.rely

C.develop

D.grow

7.Only a small minority of the mentally ill are liable to harm themselves or others，A.easy

B, possible

C.likely

13.difficult

8.They have the capability to destroy the enemy in a few days.A.possibility

B.necessity

C.ability

D.probability

9.We have never seen such gorgeous hills.A.beautiful

B.stretching

C.spreading

D.rolling

10.The leaves have been swept into huge heaps.A.loads

B.layers

C.pyramids

D.piles

11.The news will horrify everyone.A.attract

B.terrify

C.tempt

D.excite

12.The article sketched the major events of the decade.A.described

B.offered

C.outlined

D.presented

13.I won't tolerate that kind of behavior.A.bear

B.receive

C.admit

D.take

14.Their style of playing football is utterly different.A.barely

B.scarcely

C.hardly

D.totally

15.Her sister urged her to apply for the job.A.advised

B.caused

C.forced

D.promised 第2部分：阅读判断(第1 6～22题，每题1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

American Sports

The United States is a sports-loving nation.Sports in America take a variety of forms: organized competitive struggles, which draw huge crowds to cheer their favorite team to victory;athletic games,played for recreation anywhere sufficient space is found;and hunting and fishing.Most sports are seasonal, so that what is happening in sports depends upon the time of year.Some sports are called spectator sports, as the number of spectators greatly exceeds the number playing in the game.Baseball is the most popular sport in the US.It is played throughout the spring and summer, and professional baseball teams play well into the fall.Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket.Football is the most popular sport in the fall.The game originated as a college sport more than 75 years ago.It is still played by almost every college and university in the country, and the football stadiums of some of the largest universities seat as many as 80, 000 people.The game is not the same as European football or soccer.In American football there are 11 players on each team, and they are dressed in padded uniforms and helmets because the game is rough and injuries are likely to occur.Basketball is the winter sport in American schools and colleges.Like football, basketball originated in the US and is not popular in other countries.Many Americans prefer it to football because it is played indoors throughout the winter and because it is a faster game.It is a very popular game with high schools, and in more than 20 states, state-wide high school matches are held yearly.Other spectator sports include wrestling, boxing, and horse racing.Although horse-racing fans call themselves sportsmen, the accuracy of the term is questionable, as only the jockeys who ride the horses in the races can be considered athletes.The so-called sportsmen are the spectators, who do “not assemble” primarily to see the horses race, but to bet upon the outcome of each race.Gambling is the attraction of horse racing.16.Hunting and fishing are mainly favored by men, young and old, in the US.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

17.Professional baseball teams can continue to play for a long period of time in the fall after the regular baseball seasons of spring and summer.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

18.Baseball shares many features with the English game of cricket.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

19.Football can be classified as a spectator sport.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

20.Many Americans like basketball better than football because the latter is so harsh that players have to wear special uniforms.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

21.Basketball in American is so popular with universities that nationwide university matches are held yearly.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

22.Horse-racing fans cannot be considered sportsmen because they are spectators whose primary interest is gambling.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上.Searching for Smiles Ask most people anywhere in the world what they want out of life and the reply will probably be: “to be happy.” Ed Deiner, an American psychology professor, has spent his whole professional life studying what makes people happy, comparing levels of happiness between cultures and trying to find out exactly why we enjoy ourselves.Many people would say that this question does not need an answer.But Professor Deiner has one anyway.“If you're a cheerful, happy person, your marriage is more likely to last, and you're more likely to make money and be successful at your job.On average, happy people have stronger immune(免疫的)systems, and there is some evidence that they live longer.” So who are the world's happiest people? It depends on how the word is defined.There is individual happiness, the sense of joy we get when we do something we like.But there is also the feeling of satisfaction we get when we know that others respect us and approve of how we behave.According to Professor Deiner, the Western world pursues individual happiness while Asia prefers mutual satisfaction.“In the West, the individualistic(个人主义的)culture means that your mood matters much more than it does in the East.People ask themselves, what can I do that's fun or interesting? They become unhappy when they can't do any of these things.If you ask people from Japan or China if they are happy, they tend to look at what has gone wrong in their lives.If not much has gone wrong, then they are satisfied.” People from Spain and other Spanish-speaking countries had the happiest culture, Professor Deiner found.“The biggest cultural difference is to do with pride and shame.Hispanic(西班牙语言的)cultures report much more pride and much less shame than others.” Income also made a big difference to people's happiness, but only at the lowest levels.Average income earners in the US were much happier than people in poverty.But millionaires were only a little bit happier than people on average incomes.It seems that money makes us happy when we have enough to feel secure.But can we be too happy? “You get people who are actually happy, but they think happiness is so important that they try to be even happier.This desire to be always happy is a product of individualism, where the emphasis is on you individually, your emotions and feeling good.People can end up feeling unhappy because ordinary happiness is not good enough for them.” Paragraph 2__________.Paragraph 3__________.Paragraph 4__________.Paragraph 5__________.A Happiest Culture

B An Unhappy Person

C Definition of Happiness

D Cultural Differences in Happiness

E Reasons to Be Happy

F Individual and Ordinary Happiness Professor Deiner has spent many years studying__________ in happiness.Professor Deiner believes that a happy person is less prone(易患)to__________.Once we have got enough to feel safe, money does not make __________ difference to our happiness.According to Professor Deiner, some people feel unhappy because they cannot appreciate__________.A a question

B ordinary happiness

C individualism

D cultural differences

E much

F illnesses 第4部分：阅读理解(第31-45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇 The National Park Service

America's national parks are like old friends.You may not see them for years at a time, but just knowing they're out there makes you feel better.Hearing the names of these famous old friends-Yosemite, Yellowstone, Grand Canyonsome dating back 100 years, some only months old-with other agencies, state and local governments, corporations, American Indian tribes and Alaska Natives, Park Friends

groups, cooperating associations, private organizations, community groups and individuals who share the National Park ethic.National Park Week 1996 is a celebration of these partnerships.31.Why are America's national parks like old friends?

A.Because they are always out there.B.Because they are very old.C.Because they make people feel better.D.Because they are very famous.32.Which of the following statements is true about uniformed rangers?

A.They take tourists to national parks.B.They always act as tourist guides.C.They help set up new national parks.D.They protect the National Park System.33.The National Park Service does all of the following EXCEPT

A.offering help to visitors.B.molding the Nation.C.keeping people better informed of the National Park System.D.helping preserve the cultural heritage.34.What is this passage about?

A.It is about the American National Parks.B.It is about the National Park Service.C.It is about the National Park Service partnerships.D.It is about the care and preservation of the National Parks in America.35.What will the paragraph following this passage most probably discuss?

A.The pocket parks in America.B.The preparations made for the celebration of National Park Week 1996.C.The work that has been done by the partners.D.The preservation of national resources in America.第二篇 A Letter from Alan

I have learnt of a plan to build three hundred houses on the land called Parson's Place by the football ground.Few people know about this new plan to increase the size of our town.For me, Parson's Place is special because it is a beautiful natural area where local people can relax-the small wood has many unusual trees and the stream is popular with fishermen and bird-watchers.It's very quiet because

there are few houses or roads nearby.I think that losing this area will be terrible because we have no other similar facilities in the neighbourhood.I am also against this plan because it will cause traffic problems.How will the people from the new houses travel to work? The motorway and the railway station are on the other side of town.Therefore, these people will have to drive through the town centre every time they go anywhere.The roads will always be full of traffic,there will be nowhere to park and the tourists who come to see our lovely old buildings will leave.Shops and hotels will lose business.If the town really needs more homes, the empty ground beside the railway station is a more suitable place.No doubt the builders will make a lot of money by selling these houses.But,in my opinion,the average person will quickly be made poorer by this plan.As well as this,we will lose a very special place and our town will be much less pleasant.I am going to the local government offices on Monday morning to protest about this plan and I hope that your readers will join me there.We must make them stop this plan before it is too late.36.Why has Alan written this letter'?

A.To perersuade the government to build new houses.B.To protest about a new motorway near the town.C.To encourage more people in the town to use Parson's Place.D.To inform other people about the builders' plans.37.Why is Persian's Place particularly important,in Alan's opinion?

A.Because it is near the football ground.B.Because lots of people live near it.C.Because it is a place near the town where people can enjoy nature.D.Because local people can get there easily by car from the town.38.What will cause traffic jams?

A.A building on Parson's Place.B.Building near the railway station.C.Tourists in the narrow streets.D.People going to the shops and hotels.39.Alan says that ordinary people who live in the town will probably soon

A.open new shops and hotels

B.choose to live near the station

C.be able to buy new homes

D.have less money

40.Which of these posters has Alan made?

A.Save Our Sports Ground

B.Say No to Houses on Parson's Place

C.We Need Homes Not Hotels

D.Use the Train Not the Road

第三篇 The Changing Middle Class

The United States perceives itself to be a middle-class nation, However, middle class is not a real designation,nor does it carry privileges.It is more of a perception, which probably was as true as it ever could be right after World War II.The economy was growing,more and more people owned their own homes,workers had solid contracts with the companies that employed them, and nearly everyone whowanted a higher education could have one.Successful people enjoyed upward social mobility.They may have started out poor,but they could become rich.Successful people also found that they had greater geographic mobility.In other words,they found themselves moving to and living in a variety of places.The middle class collectively holds several values and principles.One strong value is the need to earn enough money to feel that one can determine one's own economic fate.In addition,middle class morality embraces principles of individual responsibility, importance of family, obligations to others,and believing in something outside oneself.But in the 1990s those in the middle class found that there was a price for success.A U.S.News & World Report survey in 1994 indicated that 75 percent of Americans believed that middle class families could no longer make ends meet.Both spouses now worked,as did some of the children;long commutes became routine;the need for child care put strains on the family;and public schools were not as good as they once were.Members of the middle class were no longer financing their lifestyles through earnings but were using credit to stay afloat.The understanding of just what middle class meant was changing.41.The information in this passage deals with

A.an individual

B.a social and economic group

C.a political organization

D.government

42.A common middle class value is that

A.people should always have fun

B.children should be seen and not heard

C.debt is nothing to worry about

D.the family is very important

43.In the years after World War II,the middle class could be defined as

A.overburdened and in debt

B.hard working and suspicious

C.prosperous and optimistic

D.young and foolish

44.The phrase “In other words” in the first paragraph means that the following statement is

A.an exception to the previous idea

B.a denial of the previous idea

C.a restatement of the previous idea

D.a contrasting idea

45.The word collectively means

A.as a group

B.hesitatingly

C.unknowingly

D.weakly 第5部分：补全短文(第46-50题，每题2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

The First Four Minutes

When do people decide whether or not they want to become friends? During their first four minutes together, according to a book by Dr.Leonard Zunin.In his book, “Contact: The first four minutes,” he offers this advice to anyone interested in starting new friendships: “ 46__________A lot of people's whole lives would change if they did just that.”

You may have noticed that average person does not give his undivided attention to someone he as just met.47__________If anyone has ever done this to you, you probably did not like him very much.When we are introduced to new people, the author suggests, we should try to appear friendly and self-confident.In general, he says, “People like people who like themselves.”

On the other hand, we should not make the other person think we are too sure of ourselves.It is important to appear interested and sympathetic, realizing that the other person has his won needs, fears, and hopes.Hearing such advice, one might say, “But I'm not a friendly, self-confident person.That's not my nature, It would be dishonest for me to at that way.”48__________We can become accustomed to any changes we choose to make in our personality.“It is like getting used to a new car.It may be unfamiliar at first, but it goes much better than the old one.”

But isn't it dishonest to give the appearance of friendly self-confidence when we don't actually feel that way? Perhaps, but according to Dr.Zunin, “total nones is not always good for social relationships, especially during the first few minutes of contact.There is a time for everything, and a certain amount of play-acting may be best for the first few minutes of contact with a stranger.That is not the time to complain about one's health or to mention faults one finds in other people.It is not the time to tell the whole truth about one's opinions and impressions.49 __________For a husband and wife or a parent and child, problems often arise during their first four minutes together after they have been apart.Dr.Zunin suggests that these first few minutes together be treated with care.If there are unpleasant matters to be discussed, they should be dealt with later.The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course in every school,along with reading, writing, and mathematics.50__________that is at least as important as how much we know.A.In reply, Dr.Zunin would claim that a little practice can help us feel comfortable about changing our social habits.B.Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to relationships with family members and friends.C.In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other people.D.Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes.E.He keeps looking over the other person's shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room.F.He is eager to make friends with everyone.第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共1 5分)

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

A Success Story

At 19, Ben Way is already a millionaire, and one of a growing number of teenagers who have 51__________ Their fortune through the Internet.52__________makes Ben's story all the more remarkable is that he is dyslexic, and was 53__________ by teachers at his junior school that he would never be able to read or write 54__________.”I wanted to prove them 55__________“, says Ben, creator and director of Way search, a net search engine which can be used to find goods in online shopping malls.When he was eight, his local authorities 56__________him with a PC to help with school work.Although he was 57__________to read the manuals, he had a natural ability with the computer, and 58__________by his father, he soon began 59 __________people 10 an hour for his knowledge and skills.At the age of 15 he 60__________ up his own computer consultancy, Quad Computer, which he ran from his bedroom, and two years later he left school to 61__________all his time to business.”By this time the company had grown and I needed to take on a 62__________of employees to help me“, says Ben.”That enabled me to start 63__________business with bigger companies." It was.his ability to consistently 64__________difficult challenges that led him to win the Young Entrepreneur of the Year awarding the same year that he formed Way search, and he has recently signed a deal 65__________ 25 million with a private investment company, which will finance his search engine.51.A.taken

B.made

C.put

D.done

52.A.This

B.That

C.Something

D.What

53.A.said

B.told

C.suggested

D.reported

54.A.absolutely

B.totally

C.properly

D.thoroughly

55.A.wrong

B.false

C.untrue

D.unfair

56.A.provided

B.gave

C.offered

D.got

57.A.impossible

B.incapable

C.disabled

D.unable

58.A.promised

B.invited

C.encouraged

D.animated

59.A.owing

B.charging

C.lending

D.borrowing

60.A.put

B.ran

C.made

D.set

61.A.pay

B.spend

C.devote

D.invest

62.A.couple

B.few

C.little

D.deal

63.A.having

B.doing

C.making

D.bringing

64.A.overcome

B.overlook

C.overtake

D.overdo

65.A.valuable

B.estimated

C.priced

D.worth 词汇选项

参考答案：

1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.B

6.A 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.D

11.B 12.C 13.A 14.D 15.A

阅读判断

参考答案：

16.C 17.A 18.A 19.A 20.B

21.C 22.A

概括大意

参考答案：

23.E 24.C 25.D 26.A 27.D

28.F 29.E 30.B

阅读理解

参考答案：

31.D 32.C 33.B 34.A 35.C

36.D 37.C 38.A 39.D 40.B

41.B 42.D 43.C 44.C 45.A

补全短文

参考答案：

46.D 47.E 48.A 49.B 50.C

完形填空

参考答案：

51.B 52.D 53.B 54.C 55.A

56.A 57.D 58.C 59.B 60.D

61.C 62.A 63.B 64.A 65.D

第二篇：2014年职称英语综合类C级考前押题

第1部分：下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近选项。

She was close to success.A fast B quick

C near D tight The two girls look alike.A beautiful B similar

C pretty D attractive The boy is intelligent.A clever B naughty

C difficult D active Everybody was glad to see Mary back.A sorry B sad

C angry D happy What is your goal life?

A plan B aim

C arrangement D idea Jack was dismissed.A fired B fined

C exhausted D criticized John is crazy about pop music

A sorry B mad

C concerned D worried It is the movement, not the color, of objects that excites the bull

A frightens B scares

C arouses D confuses It is highly unlikely that she will arrive today.A probably B very

C hardly D possibly I am feeling a lot more healthy than I was

A many B no

C much D some Since ancient times people have found various ways to preserve meat

A eat B cook

C freeze D keep We packed up the things we had accumulated(积累)over the last three years and left.A late B recent

C past D final The expedition reached the summit at 10:30 that morning

A bottom of the mountain B foot of the mountain

C top of the mountain D starting point There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a previous record of performance.A beats B destroys

C maintains D defends The president proposed that we should bring the meeting to a close.A stated B said

C suggested D announced 阅读判断

They Say Ireland's the Best

Ireland is the best place in the world to live for 2005, according to a life quality ranking that appeared in Britain’s Economist magazine last week.The ambitious attempt to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only measure of human satisfaction and well-being.The index of 111 countries uses data on incomes, health, unemployment, climate, political stability, job security, gender equality as well as what the magazine calls “freedom, family and community life”.Despite the bad weather, troubled health service, traffic congestion(拥挤), gender inequality, and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points out of 10.That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland, which managed 8.07.Zimbabwe, troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the gloomiest(最差的), picking up only 3.89 points.“Although rising incomes and increased individual choices are highly valued,” the report said, “some of the factors associated with modernization such as the breakdown(崩溃)in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact.”

“Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old, such as stable family and community life.”

The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do，and that its findings would have their critics.No.2 on the list is Switzerland.The other nations in the top 10 are Norway, Luxembourg, Sweden, Australia, Iceland, Italy, Denmark and Spain.The UK is positioned at No.29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics.The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP(人均国内生产总值)after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey.China was in the lower half of the league at 60th.For 2,005.Years, Ireland has been the best place for humans to live in.A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned Job security is the least important measure of life quality.A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned Costs Of Living in Ireland is pretty high.A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned Family life in Zimbabwe is not stable.A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned Ireland is positioned at No.1 because it combines the most desirable elements of the new with some good elements of the old.A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned To measure life quality is easy.A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned The United States of America is among the top 10 countries.A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned 概括大意

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子。下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段1选择个最佳标题;(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

Nice Name But She's So Deadly More than a million people in the United States were told to leave their homes over the weekend as Hurricane(飓风)Dennis headed to the Gulf coast, after killing at least 15 people in the Caribbean Sea.If you read the news often enough=, you may notice that all hurricanes are given names.Why is that? Remember, there can be more than one hurricane operating at one time.Without naming them, we could get confused about which storm we're talking about.For hundreds of years, hurricanes in the Caribbean were named after the particular religious day on which they occurred.One Australian meteorologist(气象学家)began giving women's names to tropical storms at the end of the 19th century.In 1953, the US National Weather Service, which is responsible for tracking hurricanes and issuing warnings, began using female names for storms.By i979, both women and men's names were being used.One name for each letter of the alphabet(字母表)is selected, except for Q, U and Z.So who decides which names are used' each year? The World Meteorological Organization uses six lists in rotation, so each list is reused every six years.Here's a list of the 2005 Atlantic hurricanes, according to the US National Hurricane Centre: Arlene, Bret, Cindy, Dennis, Emily, Franklin, Gert, Harvey, Irene, Jose, Katrina, Lee, Maria, Nate, Ophelia, Philippe, Rita, Stan, Tammy, Vince, Wilma.Paragraph 1__________.Paragraph 2__________.Paragraph 3__________.Paragraph 4__________.A Reason for naming hurricanes

B Warning of an approaching hurricane

C Deadly women

D History of naming hurricanes

E Organization responsible for naming hurricanes

F Ways to track hurricanes Over a million people were warned not__________.The responsibility of the US National Weather Service is__________.Hurricanes are given names__________.At the end o[ the 19th century, women's names started__________.A to track hurricanes and issue warnings

B to avoid confusion

C to stay at home

D to be given to tropical storms

E to make predictions

F to kill at least 15 people 阅读理解

A Society Without a Formal Authority

In the seventeenth century, European soldiers who came across some Indian groups in the western Great Lakes found that several native tribes(部落)were living in the area without a formal leadership system.They appeared to be “quite friendly with each other without a formal authority!”

Not only did the Indians appear to lack a formal system of authority, but they also deeply hated any efforts to control their actions.All members of the tribes knew what was required of them by lifelong(一生的)familiarity with the tasks of the area.These tasks tended to be simple, since the Indians' rate of social change was slow.Thus, although subgroups such as soldiers had recognized leaders, no real authority was required.Rather than giving direct orders(which were considered rough), members of the tribes would arouse others to action by examples.It would be difficult, if not impossible, to carry out such a system in our own society.Most of us have grown up under one authority or another for as long as we can remember.Our parents, our teachers, our bosses, our government all have the recognized right under certain conditions to tell us what to do.The authority is so much a part of our culture that it is hard for us to imagine a workable society without it.We have been used to relying on authority to get things done and would probably be uncomfortable with the Indian methods of examples on a large scale.Of course, the major reason why the Indian system would not be suitable for us is that our society is too large.The number of tasks that various members of our society have to perform often under tight time and resource limitations could not be treated by the Indian system, in modern societies, the formal authority system is necessary to achieve any social objectives.31 Which of the following statements about the European soldiers is correct?

A They had no leaders.B They treated the Indian groups well.C They came across some Indian groups.D They found the Indian groups friendly to them.32 Members of the tribes got others to do things

A with resolution.B by examples.C by force.D with effort.33 According to the author, it is hard for a society to work without

A a recognized authority.B enough money.C examples.D changes.34 After reading the passage, you may conclude that

A the Indian system is also suitable for some small towns.B the Indians tended to follow orders.C our system is much better than the Indians'.D the Indian system would be very difficult to implement in our society

It can be inferred from the passage that many tasks in our society have to be carried out

A under severe weather conditions

B without any effort.C without any delay.D with ease.Sleep

We all know that the normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7-8 hours' sleep allernating with some 16-17 hours' wakefulness and that, broadly speaking, the sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness.Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this cycle can be modified.The question is no more academic one.The case, for example, with which people can change from working in the day to working at night is a question of growing importance in industry where automation calls insistently for round-the-clock working of machines.It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night.Unfortunately it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week;a person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a.m.one week , 8 a.m.to 4 p.m.the next, and 4 p.m.to 12 midnight the third and so on.This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so that much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.One answer would seem to be longer periods on each shift, a month, or even three months.Recent research by Bonier of the Netherlands, however, has shows that people on such systems will revert to their normal habits of sleep and wakefulness during the weekend and that this is quite enough to destroy any adaptation to night work built up during the week.The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to a corps of permanent night workers whose nocturnal wakefulness may persist through all weekend and holidays.An interesting study of the domestic life and health of night-shift workers was carried out by Brown.She found a high incidence of disturbed sleep, digestive disorder and domestic disruption among those on alternating day and night shifts, but no abnormal occurrence of these symptoms among those on permanent night work.36.The question raised in paragraph 1 is “no more academic one”

A.because Bonjer's findings are different from Browns.B.because sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness.C.because some people can change their sleeping habits easily.D.because shift work in industry requires people to change their sleeping habits.37.According to the passage, the main problem about night work is that

A.people hate the inconvenience of working on night shifts.B.your life is disturbed by changing from day to night routines and back.C.not all industries work at the same hours.D.it is difficult to find a corps of good night workers.38.According to the passage, the best solution on the problem seems to be

A.not to change shifts from one week to the next.B.to make periods on each shift longer.C.to employ people who will always work at night.D.to find ways of selecting people who adapt quickly.39.In the second paragraph, “the third“ means

A.the third week.B.the third shift.C.a third of the time.D.the third routine.40.In the last sentence of the second paragraph, ”another“ means

A.another routine.B.another shift.C.another week.D.another person.Motoring Technology

1.2 million road deaths worldwide occur each year,plus a further 50 million injuries.To reduce car crash rate,much research now is focused on safety and new fuels-though some electric vehicle and biofuel research aims at going faster.Travelling at speed has always been dangerous.One advanced area of research in motoring safety is the use of digital in-car assistants.They can ensure you don’t miss important road signs or fall asleep.Most crashes result from human and not mechanical faults.Some safety developments aim to improve your vision.Radar can spot obstacles in fog,while other technology“sees through”big vehicles blocking your view.And improvements to seat belts,pedal(脚踏)controls and tyres are making driving smoother and safer.The colour of a car has been found to be linked with safety,as have,less surprisingly,size and shape.But whatever is in the fuel tank,you don’t want a thief in the driving seat and there have been many innovations(创新).Satellite tracking and remote communications can also come into play if you crash,automatically calling for help.Accidents cause many traffic jams,but there are more subtle interplays between vehicles that can cause jams even on a clear but busy road.Such jams can be analyzed using statistical tools.Robotic drivers could be programmed to make traffic flow smoothly and will perhaps one day be everyons’s personal chauffeur(司机),but their latest efforts suggest that won’t be soon.41.To reduce car crash rate,many scientists are working hard to

A.design fully automatic cars.B.develop faster electric vehicles.C.analyze road deaths occurring worldwide each year.D.improve the safety of cars and develop new fuels.42.According to the second paragraph,most road accidents happen due to

A.heavy traffic.B.human mistakes.C.engine failure.D.bad weather.43.Which of the following safety developments is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A.Windscreens that can help drivers to improve their vision.B.Radars that can help drivers to see obstacles in fog.C.Devices that can help drivers to see through big vehicles.D.Improvements in seat belts,pedal controls and tyres.44.Satellite tracking and remote communication systems cna be used to

A.reduce oil consumption.B.remove the obstacles on the road.C.call for help when one’s car crashes.D.help drivers get out of a traffic jam.45.Which of the following statements is true of robotic drivers?

A.It will take some time before robotic drivers are available.B.Robotic drivers are not allowed to driveon busy roads.C.Robotic drivers can never replace human drivers.D.Robotic drivers are too expensive to use.第5部分：补全短文。下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

Mind Those Manners on the Subway

So, there you are, just sitting there in the subway car, enjoying that book you just bought_______(46)Or, the person sitting next to you takes out a nail clipper(指甲刀)and begins cutting his or her nails.Annoying? Many of us have to spend some time every day on public transportation_______(47)So, to make the trip more pleasant, we suggest the following:

Let passengers get off the bus or subway car before you can get on_______(48)

Stand away from the doors when they are closing

Don't talk loudly on a bus or subway.Chatting loudly with your friends can be annoying to others._______(49)

Don't think your bags and suitcases(手提箱)deserve a seat of their own.Use a tissue whenever you cough or sneeze(打喷嚏).An uncovered sneeze can spread germs(细菌), especially in crowded places.Don't cut your nails or pick your nose on public transportation.Don't read over other people's shoulder_______(50)It can make people uncomfortable.They might think you're too stingy(小气的)even to buy a newspaper.Or they might think you're judging their behavior

A Don't eat food in your car.B Don't shout into your mobile phone on a bus or subway.C We all know that some behaviors are simply unacceptable.D Many people do this on subways, but it's really annoying

E Getting off and on in an orderly manner can save time for all.F Suddenly, you feel someone leaning over your shoulder reading along with you 完形填空

A Country's Standard of Living

The ”standard of living“ of any country means the average person's share of the goods and services the country produces.A country's standard of living，(51)，depends on its capacity to produce wealth.”Wealth“(52)this sense is not money，for we do riot live on money(53)on things that money can buy： ”goods“ such as food and clothing，and ”services" such as transport and entertainment.A country's capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors，most of(54)have an effect on one another.Wealth depends(55)a great extent upon a country's natural resources.Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals，and have fertile(肥沃的)soil and a favorable climate;other regions possess none of them.Next to natural resources(56)the ability to turn them to use.China is perhaps as well-off(57)the USA in natural resources，but suffered for many years from civil and external wars，and(58)this and other reasons was(59)to develop her resources.Sound and stable political conditions，and(60)from foreign invasions，enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily，and to produce more wealth than another country equally well favoured by nature but less well ordered.A country's standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed(61)its own borders，but also upon what is directly produced through international trade.(62)，Britain's wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on(63)grown at home.Trade makes it possible for her surplus(过剩的)manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would(64)be lacking.A country's wealth is，therefore，much(65)by its manufacturing capacity provided(如果)that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.51 A however B furthermore C similarly D therefore

A by B on C in D with

A or B but C either D besides

A these B that C what D which

A at B to C by D with

A came B coming C comes D come

A to B like C by D as

A because B for C of D by

A uneasy B incapable C impossible D unable

A resolution B freedom C aggression D destruction

A at B by C within D on

A In short B For example C As a result D On the other hand

A which B what C that D those

A otherwise B certainly C however D therefore

A made B done C produced D influenced 词汇选项 C 2 B 3 A 4 D 5 B A 7 B 8 C 9 B 10 C D 12 C 13 C 14 A 15 C

阅读判断

1.B 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.B

概括大意 B 24 A 25 D 26 E C 28 A 29 B 30 D

阅读理解

C 32 B 33 A 34 D 35 C

36.D 37.B 38.C 39.A 40.A

41-45D、B、A、C、A

补全短文

F 47 C 48 E 49 B 50 D

完形填空

D 52 C 53 B 54 D 55 B

C 57 D 58 B 59 D 60 B

C 62 B 63 D 64 A 65 D

第三篇：2014年职称英语综合类A级考前押题

第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1.Techniques to employ the energy of the sun are being developed.A.convert

B.store

C.utilize

D.receive

2.Since the Great Depression, the United States government has protected farmers from damaging drops in grain prices.A.slight

B.surprising

C.sudden

D.harmful

3.Medicine depends on other fields for basic information, particularly some of their specialized branches.A.conventionally

B.obviously

C.especially

D.inevitably

4.An important part of the national government is the Foreign Service, a branch of the Department of the State.A.a unity

B.a division

C.an embassy

D.an invitation

5.We were astonished to hear that their football team had won the champion.A.amazed

B.amounted

C.amused

D.approached

6.There is an abundant supply of cheap labor in this country.A.a steady

B.a plentiful

C.an extra

D.a stable

7.All living organisms, regardless of their unique identity, have certain logical, chemical, and physical characteristics in common.A.as a result of

B.considering

C.on purpose

D.whatever

8.The most crucial problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources.A.puzzling

B.difficult

C.terrifying

D.urgent

9.Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree to which they can be deliberately controlled and modified.A.sufficiently

B.noticeably

C.intentionally

D.absolutely

10.The Constitutions, vague nature has given it the flexibility to be adapted when circumstances change.A.imprecise

B.concise

C.unpolished

D.elementary

11.The expedition reached the summit at 10:30 that morning.A.top of the mountain

B.bottom of that morning

C.starting point

D.site

12.The latest census is encouraging.A.count

B.statement

C.agreement

D.estimate

13.Academic records from other institutions often become part of a university's official file and can neither be returned to a student nor duplicated.A.borrowed

B.purchased

C.copied

D.rewritten

14.While serving in the Senate in the early 1970s, Barbara Jordan supported legislation to ban discrimination and to deal with environment problems.A.list

B.forbid

C.handle

D.investigate

15.Gambling is lawful in Nevada.A.legal

B.irresistible

C.enjoyable

D.profitable 第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

A Dog's Dilemma

Finding a babysitter while you go out to work is, for example, an inconvenience.For the African wild dog, one of the continent's most endangered carnivores, it's a matter of life and death.New research shows that once packs fall below a certain size, there are not enough animals to both hunt food and stay at home protecting the young.The African wild dog has declined drastically over the past century.Habitual loss, persecution and unexplained outbreaks of disease have all been blamed.Only 3, 000 to 5, 000 animals remain, and the species is expected to go extinct within decades if the trend continues.Other large carnivores such as the spotted hyena face similar pressures, yet are not declining.Now Franck Courchamp of Cambridge University has found a reason why.The dog's weakness lies in its social organisation.Within each pack of up to 20 adults and pups, only the dominant male and female breed.The remaining animals help raise the pups, cooperating to hunt prey and defend the kill from other carnivores.Because pups can't keep up on a hunt, large packs leave an adult behind to protect them from predators, which include lions and hyenas.But leaving a babysitter also carries costs.A smaller hunting party is less able to tackle large prey and to defend the kill.There is also one less stomach in which to carry food hack to the den, and one more mouth to feed when they get there.Courchamp investigated this awkward trade-off by modelling how the costs of a babysitter change with decreasing pack size.This showed that packs of more than five adults should be able to feed all the pups and still spare a babysitter.But with smaller packs, either the hunting or the babysitting suffers, or the animals have to compensate by increasing the number of hunting excursions-which itself carries a cost to the pack.Field observations in Zimbabwe supported the model.Packs of five animals or fewer left pups unguarded more frequently than larger packs did.There was also evidence that when they did leave a babysitter, they were forced to hunt more often.A pack which drops below a critical size becomes caught in a vicious circle, says Courchamp, who is now at Paris-Sud University.“Poor reproduction and low survival further reduces pack size, culminating in failure of the whole pack.” And deaths caused by human activity, says Courchamp, may be what reduces pack numbers to below the sustainable threshold.Mammal ecologist Chris Carbone at London's Institute of Zoology agrees.Maintaining the integrity of wild dog packs will be vital in pre serving the species, he says.16.The African wild dog has been endangered.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

17.The spotted hyena is on the verge of extinction.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

18.The remaining lions will die out within decades.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

19.The dominant female is always left behind to protect the young.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

20.There is a tension between babysitting and hunting.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

21.The size of a pack must be big enough for it to survive.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

22.Steps will be taken to protect the African wild dog.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned 第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上.Keeping Cut Flowers While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around their house, few people know how to keep them for as long as possible.This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple facts.An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature.For example, studies have shown that cut carnations(康乃馨)retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12℃ than when kept at 26℃.Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably the most important aspect of flower care.Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long.Their biological purpose is simply to attract birds or insects, such as bees, for pollination(授粉).After that, they quickly dry up and die.The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide(二氧化碳), called respiration(呼吸), generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and color.The making of seeds also depends on this energy.While all living things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration.A result of all this respiration is heat, and for flowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high.Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower.Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies.How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respiration.How is respiration controlled? By controlling temperature.We know that respiration produces heat, but the

reverse is also true.Thus by maintaining low temperatures, respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowly.Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed.Flowers find it difficult to “drink” water that is dirty or otherwise polluted.Even when water looks and smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers.To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach(含氯漂白剂)can be used in small quantities.It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach(at 4% solution)be added to each liter of water.The water and solution should also be replaced each day.Paragraph 2__________.Paragraph 3__________.Paragraph 4__________.Paragraph 5__________.A Control of Respiration

B Beauty of Fresh Cut Flowers

C Role of Respiration

D Most Important Aspect of Flower Care

E Need for Clean Water

F Ways of Stopping Respiration A few simple facts will help you keep cut flowers__________.Respiration plays a key role__________ The aging of cut flowers can be slowed down__________.Another important way to prolong the life of cut flowers is__________.A by keeping its original shape and color

B in the life of cut flowers

C to produce carbon dioxide

D for as long as possible

E by controlling temperature

F to replace the water and solution every day 第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

My Fast Job

I was six when I joined my father and two elder brothers at sunrise in the hayfields of Eufaula, Oklahoma.By the time I was eight I was helping Dad fix up low-income rental properties.He gave me a penny for every nail I pulled out of old boards.I got my first real job, at JM's Restaurant in town, when I was 12.My main responsibilities were clearing tables and washing dishes, but sometimes I helped cook.Every day after school I would head to JM's and work until ten.Saturdays I worked from two until eleven.At that age it was unlucky going to work and watching my friends run off to swim or play.I didn't necessarily like work, but I loved what working allowed me to have.Because of my job I was always the one buying when my friends and I went to the local bar Tastee Freez.This made me proud.Word that I was honest and hardworking got around town.A local clothing store extended credit to me although I was only in the seventh grade.I immediately charged a $ 68 sports coat and a $ 22 pair of trousers.I was making only 65 cents an hour, and I was already $ 90 in debt!So I learned early the danger of easy credit.I paid it off as soon as I could.My first job taught me discipline, responsibility and brought me a level of personal satisfaction few of my friends had experienced.As my father, who worked three jobs, once told me, “If you understand sacrifice and commitment, there are not many things in life you can't have.” How right he was!

When the author was a child, he was made to help his father work because___________

A the restaurant was short of hands.B his family belonged to the low-income group.C he wanted to earn some money.D he was stronger than his two brothers.32 At the age of 12, the author got a job at a restaurant and often worked till late at night because___________

A he liked that work.B he didn't like playing.C he was hard-working.D he felt rewarded by doing that work.33 The word “Word” in the sentence “Word that I was honest and-hard-working got around town in the fourth paragraph means___________

A statement.B advice.C news.D promise.34 When the author was in the seventh grade, he was in debt because___________

A he did not work any more.B he bought clothes on credit.C he was charged too much for the sports coat.D he made little money at that time.35 What does the author want to tell the reader by this text?

A If you know sacrifice and responsibility, you can have many things in life.B Children from poor families usually have a very unhappy childhood.C Children should be made to work and earn some money by themselves.D You will learn discipline and responsibility by working early in life.Ford's Assembly Line

When it comes to singling out those who have made a difference in all our lives, you cannot overlook Henry Ford.A historian a century from now might well conclude that it was Ford who most influenced all manufacturing, everywhere, even to this day, by introducing a new way to make cars one, strange to say, that originated in slaughterhouses(屠宰场).Back in the early 1900's, slaughterhouses used what could have been called a ”disassembly line“.Ford reversed this process to see if it would speed up production of a part of an automobile engine called a magneto.Rather than have each worker completely assemble a magneto, one of its elements was placed on a conveyer, and each worker, as it passed, added another component to it, the same one each time.Professor David Hounshell of the University of Delaware, an expert on industrial development, tells what happened.”The previous day, workers carrying out the entire process had averaged one assembly every 20 minutes.But on that day, on the line, the assemble team averaged one every 13minutes and 10 seconds per person.“

Within a year, the time had been reduced to five minutes.In 1913, Ford went all the way.Hooked together by ropes, partially assembled vehicles were towed(拖,拉)past workers who completed them one piece at a time.It hasn't long before Ford was turning out several hundred thousand cars a year, a remarkable achievement then.And so efficient and economical was this new system that he cut the price of his cars in half, to $ 260, putting them within reach of all those who, up until that time, could not afford them.Soon, auto makers and the world all copied him.In fact, heencouraged them to do so by writing a book about all of his innovations, entitled Today and Tomorrow.The Age of the Automobile has arrived.Today, aided by robots and other forms of automation(自动化), everything from toasters to perfumes is made on assembly lines.Which of the following statements about Henry Ford is NOT true____?

A.He introduced a new way of production.B.He influenced all manufacturing.C.He inspired other auto makers.D.He changed a historian's mind.37、The writer mentions ”slaughterhouses“ because they were the places where ____

A.Ford's assembly line originated

B.Ford made his first car

C.Ford readjusted the assembly line

D.Ford innovated the disassembly line

38、A magneto is a technical term for____

A.an automobile

B.a production line

C.a part of an automobile engine

D.a disassembly line

39、the phrase ”turning out“ in the last paragraph could be best replaced by____

A.”producing“

B.”selling“

C.”buying“

D.”fixing"

40、The invention of the assembly line enabled Henry Ford____

A.to create more jobs for the unemployed

B.to write a book on history

C.to reduce the price of his cars to $260

D.to cut the production of his cars by 50%

第三篇

Play

Play is the principal business of childhood, and in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being.From earliest infancy, every child needs opportunity and the right materials for play, and the main tools of play are toys, Their main function is to suggest, encourage and assist play.To succeed in this they must be good toys, which children will play with often, and will come back to again and again.Therefore it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child's development.In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities.is largely determined in the first three years of his life.So a baby's ability to profit from the right play materials should not be underestimated.A baby who is encouraged and stimulated, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully.In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds.Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability.Bricks and jigsaws(七巧板)and construction toys;painting, scribbling(涂鸦)and making things;sand and water play;toys for imaginative and pretending play;the first social games for learning to play and get on with others.But the third stage of playdevelopment--from five to seven or eight years--the child is at school.But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school.It is easier to see which type of toys the child most enjoys.Until the age of seven or eight, play and work mean much the same to a child.But once reading has been mastered, then books and school become the main source of learning.Toys are still interesting and valuable, they lead on to new hobbies, but their significance has changed-to a child of nice or ten years, toys and games mean, as to adults, relaxation and fun.The passage tells us that as a child grows up, ____

A.he should be allowed to choose his own toys

B.he should be given identical toys

C.he should be given different toys

D.he should be given fewer and fewer toys

42、According to the passage, the abilities a child has inherited from his parents ____

A.determine his character

B.will not change after the age of three

C.partly determine the standard he is likely to reach

D.to a large extent determine the choice of toys

43、Who have the best chance of growing up successfully____?

A.Those who tend to overeat.B.Those who are given a lot of toys.C.Those who are given toys, talked to and played with.D.Those who can share their toys with their playmates.44、We learn from the passage that a child has boundless curiosity ____

A.when he is two

B.when he is around four

C.when he is six

D.when he is eight

45、The passage is mainly about ____

A.the importance of pre-school education

B.the importance of schooling

C.the role of play in a child's development

D.the choice of toys for adolescents 第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)

阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

How to Interview People

Interviewing(采访)is one of those skills that you can only get better at.You will never again feel so ill at ease as when you try it for the first time, and probably you'll never feel entirely comfortable trying to get from another person answers that he or she may be too shy to reveal.___________(46)The rest is instinct, which can all be learned with experience.The basic tools for an interview are paper and two or three well-sharpened pencils.But keep your notebook or paper out of sight until you need it.There's nothing less likely to relax a person than the arrival of someone with a note-taking pad.___________(47)Take a while just to chat, judging what sort of person you're dealing with, getting him or her to trust you.Never go into an interview without doing whatever homework you can.If you are interviewing a town official, know his voting record.If it's an actor, know what plays he has been in.___________(48)

Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets.___________(49)Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting, and they grasp any chance to talk to an outsider who seems eager to listen.This doesn't necessarily mean that it will go well.In general you will be talking to people who have never been interviewed before, and they will get used to the process awkwardly, perhaps not giving you anything that you can use.___________(50)You will both even begin to enjoy it-proof that you aren't forcing your victim to do something he doesn't really want to.A Come back another day;it will go better

B But at least half of the skill is mechanical

C As one philosopher interviewed in the film notes, they lack irony

D You will not be liked if you inquire about facts that you could have learned in advance.E This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary

F Both of you need time to get to know each other 第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)

阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

Cost as a Factor in Supply

In a purely competitive market, the supplier of goods and services has no control over the market price, because he produces too little to influence market conditions.With no difference between his products and the products___________(51)his competitors, he will sell nothing if he charges above the market price and he will sell all if he charges at or___________(52)the market price.However, in considering the price, he must take the___________(53)of production into consideration.There are times when he may be willing to sell below his cost.This might happen when prices tumble for___________(54)he believes will be a short time.However, no business person can ___________(55)to lose money for a prolonged period.He must be constantly ___________(56)of his costs in relation to the market price if he is to compete successfully and earn a profit.Many people have the impression that as production increases, costs per unit decrease.___________(57)mass production has made this true in certain industries and at certain levels of production, ___________(58)logic and practical experiences have shown that costs per unit begin to rise beyond a certain level of production.Some economists___________(59)to this principle as the law of increasing costs.The reason costs rise as production goes up is ___________(60).However, it is easy to recognize that as production goes up, the need for additional factors of production will also grow, ___________(61)competitive bidding in the marketplace for the factors of production.If a producer needs ___________(62)skilled labor to produce more, and none of this labor is unemployed, the producer will have to get___________(63)from other sources.This can be done by___________(64)higher wages.Higher bidding would also apply to the other factors of production.We must also recognize that not all labor is equally productive, ___________(65)not all land is equally fertile and not all ore(矿石)is equally rich in the mineral wanted.51 A to B at C of D on

A below B beneath C over D above

A price B cost C worth D profit

A that B why C what D if

A afford B pretend C offer D decide

A sure B afraid C aware D suspicious

A Because B since C When D While

A both B neither C none D any

A resort B refer C turn D attend

A clear B simple C difficult D complex

A bringing B resulting in C including D carrying out

A less B numerous C more D many

A them B these C it D those

A offering B cutting C reducing D having

A as if B just as C because D while 参考答案:

1.C 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.A

6.B 7.D 8.D 9.C 10.A

11.A 12.A 13.C 14.B 15.A

16.A 17.B 18.C 19.B 20.A

21.A 22.C

23.D24.C25.A26.E27.D28.B29.E30.F

31.C32.D33.C34.B35.A

36-45DACAC CCCBC

46.B47.F48.D49.E50.A

51.C52.A53.B54.C55.A

56.C57.D58.A59.B60.D

61.B62.C63.C64.A65.B

第四篇：2014年职称英语综合类B级考前押题

第1部分：词汇选项(第三1～15题，第题1分，共15分)

下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

It is ridiculous to dispute about such things.A foolish B shocking

C frightening D amusing It was obvious that she was not going home.A evident B necessary

C possible D probable He replied that this was absolutely impossible.A stated B answered

C said D claimed He confesses that he has done it.A agrees B alleges

C admits D answers He lacked the strength to deal with all these problems.A think of B talk about

C copy down D cope with He purchased a ticket and went up on the top deck.A bought B took

C showed D made Foreign money can be converted into the local currency at this bank.A written B changed

C moved D reported He looks like a crazy man.A lazy B patient

C mad D happy We cannot permit such conduct.A movement B words

C principle D behavior She started to clean the kitchen.A stopped B began

C continued D kept John talked over the new job offer with his wife.A discussed B mentioned

C accepted D rejected I rarely wear a raincoat because I spend most of my time in a car.A normally B continuously

C seldom D usually We explored the possibility of closer trade links at the conference.A rejected B investigated

C proposed D postponed He often finds fault with my work.A criticizes B praises

C evaluates D talks about They agreed to settle the dispute by peaceful means.A complete B determine

C untie D solve 第2部分。阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选A：如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选B;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选C。

They Say Ireland's the Best

Ireland is the best place in the world to live for 2005, according to a life quality ranking that appeared in Britain’s Economist magazine last week.The ambitious attempt to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only measure of human satisfaction and well-being.The index of 111 countries uses data on incomes, health, unemployment, climate, political stability, job security, gender equality as well as what the magazine calls “freedom, family and community life”.Despite the bad weather, troubled health service, traffic congestion(拥挤), gender inequality, and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points out of 10.That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland, which managed 8.07.Zimbabwe, troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the gloomiest(最差的), picking up only 3.89 points.“Although rising incomes and increased individual choices are highly valued,” the report said, “some of the factors associated with modernization such as the breakdown(崩溃)in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact.”

“Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old, such as stable family and community life.”

The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do，and that its findings would have their critics.No.2 on the list is Switzerland.The other nations in the top 10 are Norway, Luxembourg, Sweden, Australia, Iceland, Italy, Denmark and Spain.The UK is positioned at No.29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics.The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP(人均国内生产总值)after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey.China was in the lower half of the league at 60th.For 2,005.Years, Ireland has been the best place for humans to live in.A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned Job security is the least important measure of life quality.A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned Costs Of Living in Ireland is pretty high.A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned Family life in Zimbabwe is not stable.A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned Ireland is positioned at No.1 because it combines the most desirable elements of the new with some good elements of the old.A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned To measure life quality is easy.A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned The United States of America is among the top 10 countries.A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned 概括大意

Architecture

Architecture is to building as literature is to the printed word.The best buildings are often so well constructed that they outlast their original use.They then survive not only as beautiful objects，but as documents of the history of cultures.These achievements are never wholly the work of individuals.Architecture is a social art.The renaissance brought about an entirely new age，not only in philosophy and literature but in the visual arts as well.In architecture，the principles and styles of ancient Greece and Rome were brought back to life and reinterpreted.They remain dominant until the 20th century.Many kinds of stone are used as building materials.Stone and marble were chosen for important monuments because they are not burnable and can be expected to endure.Stone architecture was often

blended with stone sculpture.The use of stone has declined，however，because a number of other materials are more adaptable to industrial use.The complexity of modern life calls for a variety of building.More people live in mass housing and go to work in large office buildings;they spend their income in large shopping centers，send their children to many different kinds of schools，and when they are sick they go to specialized hospitals and clinics.All theses different types of buildings accumulated experiences needed by their designers.By the middle of the 20th century，modern architecture，which was influenced by new technology and mass production，was dealing with increasingly complex social needs.Important characteristics of modern architectural works are expanses of glass and the use of reinforced concrete.Advances in elevator technology，air conditioning，and electric lighting have all had important effects.EXERCISE：

1.Paragraph 2_____________.2.Paragraph 3_____________.3.Paragraph 4_____________.4.Paragraph 5_____________.A Building materials

B Need of greater building varieties in modern life

C Restoration of ancient civilizations

D Evolution in style

E factors affecting modern architecture

F A social art

5.Some buildings ar

e so well constructed that they are not only useful______.6.Ancient Greek and Roman architectural styles，which were restored during renaissance，were still influential _____.7.As modern life becomes more complex，people have to put up many different kinds of buildings _____.8.The use of new building materials and the introduction of such new technology as the elevator and the air-conditioner have played an important role ______.A to meet their needs

B but also beautiful to look at

C in the development of modern architecture

D to design more buildings

E even in the 20th century

F to outlast their original use 阅读理解

David Jones and His Salary

Computer programmer David Jones earns ￡35,000 a year designing new computer games, yet he cannot find a bank prepared to let him have a cheque card.Instead, he has been told to wait another two years, until he is 18.The 16-year-old works for a small firm In Liverpool, where the problem of most young people of his age is finding a job.David's firm releases two new games for the home computer market each month.But David's biggest headache is what to do with his money.Despite his salary, earned buy inventing new programs, with bonus payments and profit-sharing, he cannot drive a car, buy a house, or obtain credit cards.He lives with his parents in Liverpool.His company has to pay ￡150 a month in taxi fares to get him the five miles to work and back every day because David cannot drive.David got his job with the Liverpool-based company four months ago, a year after leaving school and working for a time in a computer shop.“I got the job because the people who run the firm knew I had already written some programs,” he said.“I suppose ￡35,000 sounds a lot but I hope it will come to more than that his year.” He spends some of his money on records and clothes, and gives his mother ￡20 a week.But most of his spare time is spent working.“unfortunately, computing was not part of our studies at school,” he said.“But I had been studying it in books and magazines for four years in my spare time.I knew what I wanted to do and never considered staying on at school.Most people in this business are fairly young, anyway.”

David added: “I would like to earn a million and I suppose early retirement is a possibility.You never know when the market might disappear.”

Exercise：

1.Why is David different from other young people of his age?

A)Because he earns an extremely high salary.B)Because he is not unemployed.C)Because he does not go out much.D)Because he lives at home with his parents.2.David's greatest problem is

A)finding a bank that will treat him as an adult.B)inventing computer games.C)spending his salary.D)learning to drive.3.He was employed by the company because

A)he had worked in a computer shop.B)he had written some computer programs.C)he had worked very hard.D)he had learned to use computers at school.4.He left school because

A)he did not enjoy school

B)he wanted to work with computers and staying at school did not help him.C)he was afraid of getting too old to start computing.D)he wanted to earn a lot of money.5.Why does David think he might retire early?

A)Because you have to be young to write computer programs.B)Because he wants to stop working when he is a millionaire.C)Because he thinks computer games might not always sell so well.D)Because he thinks his firm might go bankrupt.补全短文

Death control

A very important world problem-in fact, I am inclined to say it is the most important of all the great world problems________(1)_________-is the rapidly increasing pressure of population on land and on land resources.This enormous increase of population will create immense problems.By 2000 A.D., unless something desperate happens, there will be as many as 7,000,000,000 people on the surface of the earth!So this is a problem which you are going to see in your lifetime

Why is this enormous increase in population taking place? It is really due to the spread of the knowledge and the practice of _________(2)_______.You have heard of Birth Control? Death Control is something rather different.Death Control recognizes the work of the doctors and the nurses and

the hospitals and the health services in keeping alive people who,_____(3)_____, Would have died of some of the incredibly serious killing diseases , as they used to do.Squalid conditions, which we can remedy by an improved standard of living, caused a lot of disease and dirt.Medical examinations at school catch diseases early and ensure healthier school children.Scientists are at work stamping out malaria and other more deadly diseases.If you are seriously ill there is an ambulance to take you to a modern hospital.Medical care helps _____(4)______.We used to think seventy was a good age;now eighty, ninety, it may be , are coming to be recognized as a normal age for human beings.People are living longer because of this Death Control, and _____(5)_____, so the population of the world is shooting up.练习：

A fewer children are dying

B a few years ago

C what is coming to be called Death Control

D which face us at the present time

E making it possible for people to live longer

F to keep people alive longer 完形填空

Shopping for Clothes

Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman.A man goes shopping because he needs something.His purpose is settled and decided in __51__.He knows what he wants, and his __52__ is to find it and buy it.All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want.If the shop has it in stock, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat and to everyones __53__.For a man, slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants.In that __54__ the salesman tries to sell the customer something else — he offers the nearest to the article required.Good salesman brings out such a substitute with __55__: “I know this jacket is not the style you want, sir, but would you like to try it for size.It __56__ to be the colour you mentioned.” Few men have __57__ with this treatment, and the usual response is: “This is the right colour and may be the right size, but I should be __58__ my time and yours by trying it on.”

For a woman, buying clothes is always done in the __59__ way.Her shopping is not often __60__ on need.She has never fully decided what she wants, and she is only “having a look round”.She is always open to persuasion, willing to try __61__ any number of things.Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that __62__ thinks suits her.Most women have an excellent sense of value and are always on the look-out for the unexpected __63__.Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another __64__ selecting the dresses she wants to try on.It is a tiresome process, but apparently a(n)__65__one.Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.51.A)detail B)advance C)hurry D)full

52.A)objective B)need C)dream D)reason

53.A)sadness B)amusement C)surprise D)satisfaction

54.A)time B)event C)case D)situation

55.A)care B)skill C)attention D)interest

56.A)happens B)is C)changes D)comes

57.A)experience B)is C)interest D)patience

58.A)losing B)wasting C)spending D)giving

59.A)same B)similar C)opposite D)clever

60.A)relied B)done C)related D)based

61.A)on B)with C)by D)people

62.A)nobody B)someone C)surprise D)everyone

63.A)deal B)bargain C)surprise D)people

64.A)before B)after C)as D)by

65.A)exhausting B)boring C)enjoyable D)graceful 参考答案:

词汇选项

1.A 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D

6.A 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.B

11.A 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.D

阅读判断

1.B 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.B

概括大意

C A B E B E A C

阅读理解

ACBBC

补全短文

DCBFA

完形填空

BADCB ADBCD ADBAC

第五篇：2014年职称英语理工类B级考前押题(-)

2014年职称英语理工类B级考前押题(一)第一部分 词汇选项

下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有下划线，请为每处下划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1、The high-speed trains can have a major impact on travel preferences.A.force

B.influence

C.surprise

D.power

2、Can you follow the plot?

A.change

B.investigate

C.write

D.understand

3、Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed.A.physical

B.mental

C.natural

D.hard

4、In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed.A.result

B.judgment

C.decision

D.event

5、Norman B amey,is an artist of deep convictions.A.statements

B.beliefs

C.suggestions

D.claims

6、Up to now, the work has been easy.A.So

B.So long

C.So that

D.So far

7、The report advocated setting up day training colleges.A.supposed

B.excited

C.suggested

D.discussed

8、Accordingly, a number of other methods have been employed.A.Therefore

B.Afterwards

C.However

D.Furthermore

9、The outlook from the top of the mountain is breathtaking.A.view

B.sight

C.look

D.point

10、Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs.A.tensely

B.nearly

C.carefully

D.closely

11、The union representative put across her argument very effectively.A.explained

B.invented

C.considered

D.accepted

12、He talks tough but has a tender heart.A.heavy

B.strong

C.kind

D.wild

13、It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy.A.making

B.taking

C.discussing

D.expecting

14、Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing..A.waste

B.buy

C.use

D.sell

15、The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters.A.function

B.ability

C.power

D.volume 第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。

Computers

Before the widespread use of computers, managers could not make full use of large amounts of valuable information about a company's activities.The information either reached managers too late or was too expensive to be used.Today, managers are facing a wide range of data processing and information instruments.In place of a few financial controls, managers can draw on computer-based information systems to control activities in every area of their company.On any kinds of performance measures, the information provided by these systems helps managers compare standards with actual results, find out problems, and take corrective action before it is too late to make changes.The introduction of computerized information systems has sharply changed management control in many companies.Even a neighborhood shopkeeper may now use computers to control sales, billing, and other activities.In large companies, electronic data processing systems monitor entire projects and sets of operations.Now, there are about 24 million microcomputers in use in the United States —— one for every 10 citizens.It is estimated that by 1996, 61 percent of American managers will be using some sort of electronic work station.In order for managers to be sure that the computer-based information they are receiving is accurate, they need to understand how computers work.However, in most cases they do not need to learn how to program computers.Rather, managers should understand how computerized information systems work;how they are developed;their limitations and costs;and the manner in which information systems may be used.Such an understanding is not difficult to achieve.One research found that business firms were more successful in teaching basic information about computers to business graduates than they were in teaching business subjects to computer science graduates.Today, conventional financial controls are still exercised in some minor areas such as billing and vocational training.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned It is unnecessary for a neighborhood baker to use a computer in his shop

A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned At present about 10% of American citizens possess a microcomputer.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned One thing that managers do not have to understand is how computers work.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned In some cases managers have to learn how to write programs so as to work out computerized information systems that suit their own companies best.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned Computerized firms would rather employ business graduates than computer science graduates because it is easier to train the former into qualified employees.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上.1.Children enjoy shouting at a high wall and hearing the sound come back to them.These sounds are called echoes(回声).Echoes have given us a number of valuable tools.2.Echo sounding devices were early used in making maps of the ocean floor.Sounds or ultrasonic(超声的)sounds make good tools for determining how deep the water is under ships.Sometimes echoes from ultrasonic distance finding devices were prevented from working by fish swimming past or by the presence of large objects.So ultrasonic devices have been replaced by other tools.3.Radar is now a familiar tool.Like many others it was an unexpected discovery.It was first observed by two researchers, who were studying sound communication.They were sending signals from a station on one side of a river in Washington，D IC.to a vehicle across the river.They discovered that their signals were stopped by passing ships.They recognized the importance of this discovery at once.4.All this was of course just a start, from which our present radar has developed.The word “radar,” in fact, gets its name from the term “radio detection(检测)and ranging.” “Ranging” is the term for detection of the distance between an object and the radar set.Today, in our scientific age, it would be difficult to manage without radar.5.One of the many uses of radar is as a speed control device on highways.When a person in an automobile is driving faster than the speed limit, radar will show this clearly and the traffic police can take measures to stop him.6.A pilot cannot fly a plane by sight alone.Many conditions such as flying at night and landing in dense fog require the pilot to use radar.Human eyes are not very good at determining speeds of approaching objects, but radar can show the pilot how fast nearby planes are moving.Paragraph 2__________.Paragraph 3__________.Paragraph 4__________.Paragraph 5__________.A Study of Sound

B Highway Police

C Working Principles

D Early Use of “Radar”

E Useful Tools

F Discovery by Chance Echo-sounding devices were early used to__________.Ultrasonic device were used to__________.Police use radar on highways to__________.Radar helps pilots to__________.A detect nearby objects

B determine the depth of the ocean water

C decide how fast you drive

D stop passing ships

E map the ocean floor

F observe water flow 第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第一篇

Ocean Noise Pollution

Some scientists say that animals in the ocean are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings.The noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of human activities.It is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions, ocean drilling, and ship engines.Such noises are added to natural sounds.These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves.Decibels(分贝)measured in water are different from those measured on land.A noise of one hundred-twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears.In water, a decibel level of one-hundred ninety-five would have the same effect.Some scientists have proposed setting a noise limit of one-hundred-twenty decibels in.oceans.They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales(鲸鱼).A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that louder noises can seriously injure some animals.The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing.This seriously affected the whales' ability to exchange information and find their way.Some of the whales even died.The explosions had caused their ears to bleed(出血)and become infected(感染).Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one-hundred-twenty decibels.They say such a limit is a greater danger than they believed.They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.31 According to the passage, which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures?

A The sound of a car.B The sound of voices.C Man-made noise pollution.D The sound of steps.32 According to the passage, natural sounds include all of the following EXCEPT__________.A sounds made by animals themselves.B ocean drilling.C underwater earthquakes.D the breaking of ice fields.，33 Which of the following is discussed in the third paragraph?

A The same noise level produces a different effect on land and in the ocean.B Different places may have different types of noises.C The decibel is not a suitable unit for measuring underwater noise.D Different ocean animals may have different reactions to noises.34 Which of the following is true of whales?

A They won't be confused by noises.B They are deaf to noises.C Their ability to reproduce will be lowered by high-level noises.D Their hearing will be damaged by high-level noises.35 According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future?

A They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution.B They will protect animals from harmful noises.C They will try to set a limit of 120 decibels.D They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.第二篇

Lifetime Employment in Japanese Companies

In most large Japanese companies, there is a policy of lifetime employment.What this means is that when people leave school or university to join an enterprise, they can expect to remain with that organization until they retire.In effect, the employee gets job security for life, and can only be fired for serious mistakes in work.Even in times of business recession, he or she is free from the fear of being laid off.One result of this practice is that the Japanese worker identifies closely with his company and feels strong loyalty to it.By working hard for the company, he believes he is safeguarding his own future.It is not surprising that devotion to one's company is considered a great virtue in Japan.A man is often prepared to put his firm's interests before those of his immediate family.The job security guaranteed by this system influences the way employees approach their work.They tend to think in terms of what they can achieve throughout their career.This is because they are not judged on how they are performing during a short period of time.They can afford to, take a longer perspective than their Western counterparts.This marriage between the employee and the companymay explain why Japanese workers seem positively to love the products their company is producing and why they are willing to stay on after work, for little overtime pay, to participate in earnest discussions about the quality control of their products.36 Lifetime employment in the Japanese company means that the employee__________.A leaves his company only when business is bad.B gets a job soon after he leaves school or university.C can work there throughout his career，D can have his serious mistakes in work corrected.37 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

A Family and company interests are equally important

B The Japanese worker is very loyal to his company.C One's future is guaranteed through hard work.D Devotion to one's company is encouraged……

Lifetime employment influences one's__________.A achievements at work.B performance at work.C career options.D attitude toward work.39 The Japanese worker is fond of his company's products because of__________.A his marriage with the daughter of the president.B the close link between him and his company.C his willingness to work overtime.D his active participation in quality control，40 The passage mainly discusses__________.A how lifetime employment works in Japan.B what benefits lifetime employment has brought to Japanese workers.C what lifetime employment is.D how lifetime employment is viewed.第三篇

Dreams of Flight

The story of man's dream of flight, of his desire to reach the stars, is as old as mankind itself.According to Greek legend, Daedalus was the first man to fly.He and his son had been kept on an island.In order to escape, Daedalus shaped wings of wax(2)into which he stuck bird feathers.During their flight, his son flew too high and the sun melted the wax.He was drowned in the sea.The father was supposed to have continued his flight and reached Sicily, several hundred miles away.There is also an English legend of King Bladud who, during his rule in the ninth century B.C., used wings to fly.But his flight was short-lived and he fell to his death.The dream of flying continued, but in all the legends, the flier rose like a bird only to fall like a stone.It took hundreds of years that men flew up into the air and returned to earth safely.The first man to approach flying on a scientific basis was an Englishman who lived during the thirteenth century.He looked at the air about us as a sea, and he believed that a balloon could float on the air just as a boat did on water.Almost four hundred years later, an Italian priest applied his principle of air flight.He designed a boat, which would be held in the air by four hollow spheres(空心球).ach of the four balls was to be 20 feet in diameter(直径)and made of very thin copper.But his boat was never built since it was not possible to make spheres of such thin metal and such size in those days.After studying the flight of birds and the movement of the air, a great scientist of the fifteenth century concluded that birds flew because they flapped(摆动)their wings and that it was possible for man to do the same.So a kind of flapping-wing flying machine was invented.Many men tried and failed to fly with flying machines.It was not until 1890 that people discovered why this method would never succeed-man could not develop sufficient power with his arms and legs.41 How did Daedalus manage to escape to Sicily, according to the passage?

A He killed the guards and got out of the island.B A god came to rescue him and took him away.C His son came to rescue him and took him away.D He made wings of wax and flew away from the island.42 According to the English legend, King Bladud lost his life because__________.A he flew too far.B he flew too high.C he fell to the ground，D he was hit by a stone.43 The first scientific air flight was designed by__________.A a Greek.B an Englishman.C a Chinese.D an Italian.44 The priest failed to build the boat because__________.A he could not raise enough money.B his design was not scientific.C he could not find enough copper.D copper spheres could not be made as designed

According to the last paragraph, man could not fly with flapping-wing flying machines because__________.A he could not develop adequate power with his arms and legs.B he knew nothing about the movement of the air.C they were made of heavy metal.D they were made of light feathers.第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)

阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

The Building of the Pyramids

The oldest stone buildings in the world are the pyramids.__________(46)There are over eighty of them scattered along the banks of the Nile, some of which are different in shape from the true pyramids.The most famous of these are the “Step” pyramid and the “Bent” pyramid.Some of the pyramids still look much the same as they must have done when they were built thousands of years ago.Most of the damage suffered by the others has been at the hands of men who were looking for treasure or, more often, for stone to use in modern buildings.__________(47).These are good reasons why they can still be seen today, but perhaps the most important is that they were planned to last for ever.__________(48).However, there are no writings or pictures to show us how the Egyptians planned or built the pyramids themselves.__________(49)

Nevertheless, by examining the actual pyramids and various tools Which have been found, archaeologists have formed a fairly clear picture of them.One thing is certain: there must have been months of careful planning before they could begin to build.__________(50)You may think this would have been easy with miles and miles of empty desert around, but a pyramid could not be built just anywhere.Certain rules had to be followed, and certain problems had to be overcome.A The dry climate of Egypt has helped to preserve the pyramids, and their very shape have made them less likely to fall into ruin.B It is practically certain that plans were made for the building of the pyramids because the plans of other large works have fortunately been preserved.C The first thing they had to do was to choose a suitable place.D Consequently, we are only able to guess at the methods used.E Many people were killed while building the pyramids.F They have stood for nearly 5,000 years, and it seems likely that they will continue to stand for thousands of years yet.第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)

阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

Transportation

For many years in the desert, camels Used to be the only form of transportation(运输).Before the(51)of modern trains, camel trains used to carry all the goods for trading between Central Africa and Europe.Traders sometimes(52)to put together camel trains with 10,000 to 15,000 animals.Each animal often carried(53)400 pounds and could travel twenty miles a day.This form of transportation was so important that camels were called the “ships of the(54).”

Now modern trains travel across the desert in a very(55)time.One engine can pull as much weight as 135,000(56).In addition, trains use special cars for their load.Refrigerator cars carry food;boxcars carry heavy goods;stock cars carry animals;and tank cars carry oil.Air travel has changed, too.The earliest planes were biplanes(双翼飞机), with(57)sets of wings.The top speed of this plane was 60 miles per hour.The pilots used to sit or lie on the wings in the open air.The plane(58)sometimes stopped in the middle of a trip.It used to be(59)to fly in bad weather.In snow or in rain, the wings frequently became icy.Then the plane might go down.Mechanical improvements during the First World War changed airplanes.Monoplanes(单翼飞机)took the(60)of biplanes.Pilots flew inside of covered cabins.Still, even these planes were small and expensive.Only(61)people were be able to travel in airplanes.Now modern jets make air travel possible for all people.No place in the world is more than 24 hours away by jet.Further improvements have(62)the cost of flying, and they have made air travel(63)safer than it used to be.A modern 707 can carry 170 people and can fly at 600 miles per hour.People(64)used to eat, sleep, or watch movies on airplanes.(65)these things are a normal part of air travel!

A age B series C year

D period

A ought B added C used

D led

A away B as many as C out

D as much as

A desert B trains C transportation D goods

A quick B short C good

D no

A camels B ships C pounds

D cars

A one B three C two

D four

A wings B engines C pilots D speed

A probable B possible C improbable

D impossible

A seat B pace C place

D vacancy

A technical B rich C those

D professional

A got rid of B raised C avoided

D lowered

A much B so C very

D such

A sometimes B occasionally C neither

D never

A But B So C Now

D However 参考答案:

词汇选项

1-15 BDAAB DCAAD ACCCD

阅读判断

16.A

17.B

18.B

19.A

20.B 21.C

概括大意

23.D

24.F

25.C

26.B

27.E

28.B

29.C

30.A

阅读理解

参考答案：

31.C

32.B

33.A

34.D

35.B

36.C

37.A

38.D

39.B

40.A

41.D

42.C

43.D

44.D

45.A

补全短文

46.F

47.A

48.B

49.D

50.C

完形填空

46.F

47.A

51.A

52.C

56.A

57.C 48.B

49.D 53.B

54.A 58.C

59.D 50.C 55.B 60.C