第一篇：定语从句讲解与练习300题
一、定语从句概念
定语从句（attributive clause），顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外，定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先行词。请看示例：
The woman who lives next door is a teacher.先行词 定语从句
在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示：格 先行词 主格 宾格 所有格 人 who whom whose 物 which which whose of which 人、物 that that —
（一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法 who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如：
An architect is a person who designs buildings.建筑师是设计房屋的人。
I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。
Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first.想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。
whom代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。例如：
Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗？ This is the student whom my father taught ten years ago.这是我爸爸十年前教的学生。
The girl who I saw is called Mary.我见到的那个女孩名叫玛丽。（在非正式英语中，主格who代替了宾格whom，亦可省略）
whose一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句作定语。例如：
The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad.其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字，你知道吗？（关系代词
whose指代先行词hotel，正式用法应该用of which。whose window=the window of which，意思是：the window of the hotel。）【透视高考题】
真题：Look out!Don‘t get too close to the house ______ roof is under repair.A.whose B.which C.of which D.that(2006福建卷-22)简析：考查关系代词whose引导的定语从句。whose在这个句子里代替物，whose roof=the roof of which，定语从句用另外一句话表达即为：…The roof of the house is under repair。所以A是正确答案。
（二）关系代词which的用法
which代替物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如： I do not like stories which have unhappy endings.我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说。（which可以换成that）Tom works for a factory which makes watches.汤姆在一个制表厂工作。（which可以换成that）
（三）关系代词that的用法
that既可指人又可指物，在当代英语中大多指物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如： Is she the girl that sells newspapers? 她是卖报纸的那个女孩吗？（that可以换成who）Where is the ice-cream that was in the fridge? 放在冰箱的冰激凌哪儿去了？（that可以换成which）
Is this the book that you want to buy? 这是你要买的那本书吗？（that可以换成which，在定语从句作宾语，还可以省略）
三、关系副词引导的定语从句
常用的关系副词只有三个：when, where, why，在定语从句中充当时间、地点和原因状语。它们的用法大家不妨记住一个口诀： the time when the place where the reason why
（一）关系副词when的用法
关系副词when代替的先行词表示的是时间，when在定语从句作时间状语。例如：
In Beijing July and August are the months when it rains very often.北京的七月和八月是常下雨的月份。（when先行词是months）Do you remember the day when we first went to the Summer Palace? 你还记得我们第一次去颐和园的那一天吗？（when先行词是day，当代英语里when可以用that替代，这时关系代词that就变成了表示时间的关系副词）
I haven‘t seen her since the year when I left Tokyo.自从我离开东京的那一年我就一直没见到过她。（when先行词是year，同样when可以用that代替）【透视高考题】
真题：Great changes have taken place in that school.It is no longer ______ it was 20 years ago, ______ it was so poorly equipped.A.what;when B.that;which C.what;which D.which;that(2005安徽卷-32)简析：考查关系代词when引导的定语从句。第一个空填连接代词what，第二个空前的先行词是20 years ago，故这个空应填表示时间的关系副词when。故A是正确答案。
（二）关系副词where的用法
关系副词where代替的先行词表示的是地点，where在定语从句作地点状语。例如：
During the Spring Festival I went back to the town where I was brought up.春节期间，我回到了生我养我的家乡。（where的先行词是town）This is the place where Li Bai once lived.这是李白曾经生活过的地方。（where先行词是place）
上面这个句子不可以将where改为that，因为that不能作为表示地点的关系副词。试比较下句：
This is the place that Li Bai once visited.这是李白曾经游览过的地方。（that的先行词同样是place，但这个that是关系代词，在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略，还可以用which替换）【透视高考题】
真题：If a shop has chairs ______ women can park their men, women
will spend more time in the shop.A.that B.which C.when D.where(2005上海卷-40)简析：考查关系副词where引导的定语从句。定语从句的意思是说男人可以停留在椅子上休息，显然是表示地点，故D是正确答案。
（三）关系副词why的用法
关系副词why代替的先行词表示的是原因，why在定语从句作原因状语。例如：
The reason why I am phoning you is to ask you whether you have got my email.我打电话给你的原因是想问问你是否收到了我的电子邮件。（why先行词是reason，当代英语里why可以用that替代，这时关系代词that就变成了表示原因的关系副词，还可以将why省略）This is the reason why he came late to school.这就是他为什么上学迟到的原因。（why先行词是reason，why可以用that替代，还可以省略）
注意：如果上面的句子将the reason省略，那么这个句子就变成了（This is why he came late to school.）表语从句，句子意思丝毫未变。
四、特殊关系代词as引导的定语从句
as是个比较特殊的关系代词，一是用在某些句型搭配里，二是独立于主句之外。下面分别讲解。
（一）在固定搭配as…as, so…as, such…as, the same…as中，as引
导定语从句
You may take as many books as you want.你想要拿多少书就拿多少。（第一个as是副词，修饰many的；第二个as才是关系代词，代替先行词books，在定语从句中作宾语）I have got such a computer as yours.我有一台你这样的电脑。（as是关系代词，代替先行词computer，在定语从句中作表语，因为yours后省略了is）I have never seen so beautiful a place as Guilin.我从未见过像桂林那样美丽的地方。（as是关系代词，代替先行词place，在定语从句中作表语，因为Guilin后省略了is）
（二）独立于主句之外，as引导定语从句
As we know,the earth turns around the sun.正如我们所知，地球围绕太阳旋转。
As is known to us,（As we know和 As is known to us均为定语从句，as分别作宾语和主语，替代后面的主句。）
Taiwan is, as you know, is an inseparable part of China.你知道，台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。（关系代词as指代整个主句，在定语从句中作宾语。）【透视高考题】
真题1：The Beatles, ______ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.A.what B.that C.how D.as(2006天津卷-12)
简析：考查关系代词as引导的定语从句。as代替先行词the Beatles同时又在从句中作remember的宾语，as的功能同which，但as有―正如‖的意思，故D是正确答案。
真题2：______ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.A.Which B.When C.What D.As(2004江苏卷-33)简析：考查关系代词as引导的定语从句。which与as引导定语从句均可代表整个一句话或整个主句，但which不能放在句首，另外as有―正如‖的意思，而which却没有，故D正确。
五、关系代词who, which与that的区别
（一）关系代词who与that的区别
1.当关系代词用作主语时，多用主格who。例如： He who loses hope loses all.失去希望的人就失去一切。（先行词为代词he, they, any, all, one等时，多用who）
I met Alice, who told me that she was learning Chinese.我遇见艾丽斯，她告诉我她在学汉语。（在非限制性定语从句中，用who）
2.当关系代词用作介词后的宾语时，用宾格whom，不用that。例如：
The man to whom our headmaster talked just now is our English teacher.我们校长刚才与他谈话的那个人是我们的英语老师。（介词与关系代词紧密相连时，只能用宾格whom，不可用主格who）
注意：介词与关系代词不是紧密相连时，或者说介词放在句子后面时，这时可以用主格who，也可用that，还可以省略关系代词。因此，上面的这句话还可以有如下四种说法：
(1)The man whom our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher.(2)The man who our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher.(3)The man that our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher.(4)The man our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher.第4句简洁、自然，所以口语中用得最多。3.当关系代词泛指人时，多用that。例如： He is a man that is never afraid of failure.他是个从不怕失败的人。（that用来泛指人）
4.当关系代词出现在who开头的疑问句时，应用that。例如： Who is the girl that is talking to Tom in English? 用英语同汤姆交谈的那个女孩是谁？（避免重复使用who，以免造成误解或语义含混不清）
（二）关系代词which与that的区别
1.当先行词为all, much, little以及不定代词anything, something，everything等时，关系代词多用that。例如：
All that glitters is not gold.闪闪发光物，未必尽黄金。
She told me everything that she knew.她把她所知道的一切都告诉了我。
2.当先行词的前面有形容词最高级、序数词或限定词the only, the very, all, every, any, no等时，关系代词一般都用that。例如： This is the best novel that I have ever read.这是我读过的最好的一部小说。
He is the only person that has been invited to the ball.他是惟一应邀参加舞会的人。
3.当关系代词出现在which开头的疑问句时，应用that。例如： Which was the hotel that was recommended to the foreign guest? 哪一个是推荐给外宾的宾馆？（这里使用that很明显是为了避免重复which）
4.在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词一般只用which。例如： Beijing, which is the capital of the People‘s Republic of China, will host the 2008 Olympic Games.北京是中华人民共和国的首都，将主办2008年奥运会。
5.介词后的关系代词用which，而不用that。例如：
She has collected 600 stamps, 60% of which are German stamps.她收集了600张邮票，其中60％是德国邮票。【透视高考题】
真题1：I saw a women running towards me in the dark.Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction ______ she had come.A.of which B.by which C.in which D.from which(2006重庆卷-34)简析：考查介词＋关系代词which引导的定语从句。先行词为事物时，关系代词既可用which，也可用that，但介词后的关系代词却只能用which。由于词组为come from，故此句应选from which。真题2：He was educated at a local grammar school, ______ he went on to Cambridge.A.from which B.after that C.after which D.from this(2005山东卷-30)简析：考查介词＋关系代词which引导的定语从句。句意是上完中学后到剑桥大学深造，所以应选after which。如果在空格前加上and，那么就要选B。
真题3：The English play ______ my students acted at the New Year‘s party was a great success.A.for which B.at which C.in which D.on which(2005广东卷-34)简析：考查―介词＋关系代词‖引导的定语从句。表达―在英语剧中‖，介词用in，故选择C.in which。
六、限制性定语从句和非制性定语从句
限制性定语从句中，从句与其所修饰的先行词之间关系很密切，若缺少，句意则不完整，故从句前不用逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句中，从句与其所修饰的先行词之间关系不太密切，若缺少，句意则仍完整，故从句前一般都用逗号隔开。试比较以下两组句子：
The water which has been polluted by the factory is not fit to drink.被工厂污染的水不宜饮用。（如果缺少定语从句，句子的主要意思会受到影响）
Water, which is a clear liquid, is widely used in our everyday life.水是一种清澈的液体，在我们的日常生活中应用非常广泛。（如果缺少定语从句，句子的主要意思不会受到影响）
His brother who is nineteen years old is serving in the army now.他的一个十九岁的哥哥现在部队服役。（表明他不只一个哥哥）His brother, who is nineteen years old, is serving in the army now.他的哥哥，今年十九岁，现在部队服役。（表明他只有一个哥哥）【透视高考题】
真题1：The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, ______ means spending tens of thousands of pounds.A.who B.that C.as D.which(2006江苏卷-29)简析：考查非限制性定语从句。在非限制性定语从句一般不用that，which可以替代前面整个一句话，因此选D。
真题2：I have many friends, ______ some are businessmen.A.of them B.from which C.who of D.of whom(2005全国卷I/II-24)简析：考查非限制性定语从句。这句话若用并列句表达就可写成：I
have many friends, and some of them are businessmen..因此D是正确答案。
七、定语从句的位置
如前所述，定语从句一般总是直接置于所修饰的名词或代词之后。有时候，定语从句与先行词之间插入了其他的短语，这样它们被分隔了，这种情况下的定语从句被称作隔离定语从句。例如：
There was a girl upstairs who was shouting and crying, obviously mad.楼上有一个女孩，大喊大叫。很明显，她疯了。（定语从句who was shouting and crying修饰the girl，被upstairs所隔开）A new master will come tomorrow who will teach you German.明天要来一位新老师教你们德语了。（定语从句置于句末以示强调）【透视高考题】
真题：The factory produced half a million of shoes every year, 80% ______ are sold abroad.A.of which B.which of C.of them D.of that(2004辽宁卷-35)简析：考查隔离定语从句或非限定性定语从句。形式上看80%把关系代词与先行词分离了，另外，of前后表示部分与整体的关系，其中80％的鞋子售往国外市场。故A是正确答案。
八、定语从句与同位语从句的区别
同位语从句与定语从句从形式上看好像没什么区别，实际上从含义和
功能上看，还是比较易区分的。同位语从句的先行词一般为fact, idea, news, thought, reply, report, problem等抽象名词，而且关联词大都为that，在idea, problem等词后根据句意可能用到who, when, why, how等其他关联词。关联词that在同位语从句中仅仅起连接作用，不作任何成分，但又不可省略。定语从句的关联词（关系代词和关系副词）在从句中是要充当句子成分的且有实际含义。试比较以下两句： The suggestion that we should practise speaking English every day came from our monitor.我们每天都应练习说英语的建议是我们的班长提出来的。（同位语从句）
The suggestion that our monitor put forward at the meeting is very valuable.我们的班长在会上提出的建议很有价值。（定语从句）【透视高考题】
真题1：A warm thought suddenly came to me ______ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother‘s birthday.A.if B.when C.that D.which(2006安徽卷-29)简析：考查关联词that引导的同位语从句。先行词为thought，that引导的同位语从句表达thought的内容，由于从句太长，故移至句末以保持句子平衡。C正确，注意不能误选which。
真题2：We haven‘t settled the question of ______ it is necessary for him to study abroad.A.if B.where C.whether D.that(2006江苏卷-35)简析：考查whether引导的同位语从句。这个句子中的of可以省略，形式上看，of后面的从句为介词的宾语从句，但实际上of连接的question与whether引导的从句是同位关系。因此C正确，注意不能误选if，在表示―是否‖含义时，用在介词后或在同位语从句中不可用if。
九、定语从句与强调句型的区别
强调句型一般总是使用It is…that…这个句式，将被强调的成分（主语、宾语或状语）放在句式里。这个关联词that没有任何实际意义，仅仅起连接作用，但一般情况下不省略。当代英语有一种趋势：如果强调的主语是人，则可用who；如果强调的宾语是人，则可用宾格whom；如果强调时间状语，则可用when；如果强调地点状语，则可用where。定语从句一般不用It is开头，而且定语从句的关联词that在从句中担当句子成分。试比较以下两个句子：
It is Professor Johnson who is to visit China Agricultural University next week.是约翰逊教授计划下周访问中国农业大学。（强调句型，who可以换成that）
This is Professor Johnson, who is to visit China Agricultural University next week.这是约翰逊教授，他计划下周访问中国农业大学。（定语从句，who不可以换成that）
【透视高考题】
真题：It was with great joy ______ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.A.because B.which C.since D.that(2004福建卷-35)简析：考查强调句型。强调原因状语，但不能误选because，强调句型不管强调什么成分，都可以用that。故D是正确答案。
十、定语从句专项训练
I.语法鉴赏。下列这句话的英语表达有8种，它们都正确，请观察、分析和体会它们在句式、用词和文体上的区别。他出生的那天是元旦。
① The day on which he was born was New Year‘s Day.② The day which he was born on was New Year‘s Day.③ The day that he was born on was New Year‘s Day.④ The day he was born on was New Year‘s Day.⑤ The day when he was born was New Year‘s Day.⑥ The day that he was born was New Year‘s Day.⑦ The day he was born was New Year‘s Day.⑧ When he was born was New Year‘s Day.II.选择填空。从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项填空。1.Anyway, that evening, ______ I‘ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel‘s place.A.when B.where C.what D.which(2006湖南卷-30)
2.She was educated at Beijing University, ______ she went on to have her advanced study abroad.A.after that B.from that C.from which D.after which(2006陕西卷-8)3.Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ______ effects the people are still suffering.A.that B.whose C.those D.what(2005天津卷-13)4.Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, ______ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students‘ Union.A.during which time B.for which time C.during whose time D.by that time(2005重庆卷-32)5.The schools themselves admit that not all students will be successful in the jobs ______ they are being trained.A.in that B.for that C.in which D.for which(2005江西卷-25)6.I walked in our garden, ______ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees.A.which B.when C.where D.that(2005辽宁卷-28)7.Do you have any idea ______ is actually going on in the classroom? A.that B.what C.as D.which(2005辽宁卷-28)8.– Is that the small town you often refer to? – Right, just the one ______ you know I used to work for years.A.that B.which C.where D.what(2005福建卷-35)
9.Some researchers believe that there is no debt ______ a cure for AIDS will be found.A.which B.that C.what D.whether(2005广东卷-34)10.______ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.A.It B.As C.That D.What(2004北京卷-34)III.句型转换。将下列的句子使用关系代词或关系副词合并成定语从句。
1.A bus goes to the airport.It runs every ten minutes.2.Our teacher is talking to an Englishwoman.Do you know her? 3.I‘ve got a brother called Tom.He lives in the United States.He‘s an engineer.4.Can you tell me the name of the school? Your father once studied in that school.5.We met a couple on the highway.Their car had broken down.IV.句子改错。下列的定语从句使用有误，请改正。1.The valley in that the town lies is heavily polluted.2.Is this the shop where sells children‘s shoes? 3.This is the place where we first met in.4.I do not know the reason which she came late 5.There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, of that five are mine.附定语从句专项训练参考答案
I.语法鉴赏。
第①句最为正式，第⑧句最为非正式。II.选择填空。
1.【答案】 D 【简析】考查关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。从动词句型tell sb.about sth.可以得知，定语从句中少了宾语，所以选择which，不能误选when。
2.【答案】 D 【简析】考查介词＋关系代词which引导的定语从句。句意为北大毕业后出国留学深造，故选after which。
3.【答案】 B 【简析】考查关系代词whose引导的定语从句。whose在这个句子里代替物，whose effects =the effects of which，意指―洪水的影响‖。
4.【答案】 A 【简析】考查―介词＋关系代词‖引导的非限制性定语从句。which替代词先行词from 1999 to 2003，在那一段时间里，故用during which time。
5.【答案】 D 【简析】考查介词＋关系代词which引导的定语从句。根据词组train sb.for sth.，故选for which。
6.【答案】 C 【简析】考查关系副词where引导的定语从句。在花园里，显然是表示地点，关系代词用in which或关系副词where。7.【答案】 B 【简析】考查同位语从句。句意是：你知道教室里真正发生了什么事吗？根据句意，从句的关联词应使用what。8.【答案】 C 【简析】考查关系副词where引导的定语从句。这里替代词the one实际上指的就是the small town，我过去多年在那里工
作过的，故选表示地点的关系副词。
9.【答案】 B 【简析】考查同位语从句。that引导的从句表明doubt的内容。
10．【答案】 B 【简析】考查关系代词as引导的定语从句。句意是：正如报纸所报道的，两国会谈正取得进展。as在从句中作主语，又代替后面整个主句。III.句型转换。
1.A bus which(that)goes to the airport runs every ten minutes.2.Do you know the Englishwoman our teacher is talking to? 或：Do you know the Englishwoman who(whom/that)our teacher is talking to? 或：Do you know the Englishwoman to whom our teacher is talking? 3.My brother Tom, who lives in the United States, is an engineer.4.Can you tell me the name of the school where your father once studied?.5.We met a couple on the highway whose car had broken down.IV.句子改错。
1.The valley in which the town lies is heavily polluted.或：The valley where the town lies is heavily polluted.或：The valley which(that)the town lies in is heavily polluted.或：The valley the town lies in is heavily polluted.2.Is this the shop which(that)sells children‘s shoes?
3.This is the place where we first met.或：This is the place in which we first met.4.I do not know the reason why she came late.或：I do not know the reason that she came late.或：I do not know the reason she came late.5.There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, of which five are mine.高考英语语法专项练习定语从句精练300题
1.We should learn from those ______ are always ready to help others.A.who
B.whom
C.they
D.that 2.Mr.Herpin is one of the foreign experts who ______ in China.A.works
B.is working
C.are working
D.has been working 3.Tom is the only one of the students who ______ to Shanghai.A.have gone
B.have been
C.has been
D.had gone 4.I, ______ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A.who is
B.who am
C.that is
D.which am 5.The old man has two sons, ______ are lawyers.A.both of them
B.both of who
C.both of whom
D.both of they 6.He is a man of great knowledge, ______ much can be learned.A.in whom
B.about whom
C.from whom
D.of whom 7 Do you know the man ______ just now?
A.to who I nodded
B.I nodded to C.whom I nodded
D.Whom I nodded to him.8.The man ______ has gone to Japan.A.whom I told you
B.that I told you
C.whom I told you about him
D.I told you about 9.Please pass me the dictionary ______ cover is black.A.which
B.its
C.whose
D.which of 10.The radio set ______ last week has been out of order.A.I bought
B.I bought it
C.which I bought it
D.what I bought 11.All the apples ______ fell down from the tree were eaten up by the pigs.A.which
B./
C.that
D.they 12.I can tell you ______ he told me last week.A.all which
B.all what
C.that all
D.all that 13.This is the biggest lab ______ we have ever built in our university.A.which
B.what
C.that
D.where 14.Is oxygen the only gas ______ helps fire burn?
A.that
B./
C.which
D.what 15.Air, ______ we breathe every day, is around us all the time.A.that
B./
C.which
D.it 16.This is the museum ______ we saw an exhibition the other day.A.that
B.which
C.where
D.in that 17.This museum is ______ you visited the other day.A.that
B.which
C.where
D.the one 18.This is the museum ______ you saw the other day.A.that
B.where
C.in which
D.in that
19.It is the third time ______ late this month.A.that you arrived
B.when you arrived
C.that you‘ve arrived
D.when you‘ve arrived 20.It was in 1969 ______ the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.A.that
B.which
C.in which
D.when 21.We often think of the days ______ we spent together on the island.A.when
B.which
C.in which
D.during which 22.Have you ever been to Shanghai, ______ I left ten years ago?
A.where
B.which
C.that
D.when 23.He has left Beijing, ______ a meeting is to be held.A.when
B.where
C.as
D.which 24.This is the very place ______ I‘m wishing to live in.A.where
B.which
C.that
D.in which 25.Is it in that factory ______ ―Red Flag‖ cars are made?
A.in which
B.where
C.that
D.which 26.I have bought the same dress ______ she is wearing.A.as
B.that
C.which
D.than 27.Can you solve such problems ______ raised by the audience?
A.what were
B.as were
C.that were
D.which were 28.The reason ______ he didn‘t come was ______ he was injured.A.that, because
B.why, that
C.why, because
D.that, that 29.He must be from Africa, ______ can be seen from his skin.A.that
B.as
C.it
D.what 30.His father died last year, ______ made it impossible for him to go abroad.A.when
B.which
C.as
D.that 31.______ is natural, he married Mary.A.It
B.What
C.Which
D.As 32.The buses, ______ were already full, were surrounded by an
angry crowd.A.most of them
B.most of which
C.which most
D.that most 33.All ______ is needed is a supply of oil.A.the thing
B.that
C.what
D.which 34.He paid the boy 10 dollars for washing ten windows, most of ______ had not been cleaned for years.A.these
B.those
C.that
D.which 35.She heard a terrible noise, ______ brought her heart into her mouth.A.it
B.which
C.this
D.that 36.In the dark street, there wasn‘t a single person ______ she could turn for help.A.that
B.who
C.from whom
D.to whom 37.This is one of the means ______ the electric energy is conducted from one place to another.A.by which
B.by that
C.through which
D.through that
38.The place ______ you are going to visit is the ruin of a place.A.in which
B.at which
C.where
D.which 39.The last river ______ they crossed is two miles wide.A.where
B.which
C.that
D.in which 40.The Summer Palace is one of the most beautiful parks ______ built in the Qing Dynasty.A.where were
B.where was
C.that were
D.which was 41.The factory ______ I am going to is the place ______ my mother used to work many years ago.A.where, where
B.where, which
C.which, where
D.that, which 42.Don‘t trust such men ______ over praise you to your face.A.as
B.that
C.who
D.which 43.The professor has two sons, ______ are teaching in the same university.A.neither of them
B.either of them
C.both of them
D.both of whom 44.Don‘t do such things ______ you are not sure about.A.that
B.which
C.as
D.what 45.Rober is good at language, ______ we all know.A.because
B.for
C.as
D.since 46.China has hundreds of islands, ______ we all know.A.in which
B.at which
C.of which
D.which 47.She wrote a letter to her father, ______ she made her secret known.A.which
B.that
C.in which
D.where 48.Oxygen is a kind of gas, ______ we couldn‘t live.A.without it
B.without that
C.without which
D.if not 49.Matter is anything ______
A.that take up space and have weight
B.which take up space and have weight C.that takes up space and has weight
D.those take up space and have weight 50.I have many books, the best ______ was borrowed by Mary.A.about them
B.of which
C.among them
D.in which 定语从句精练300题（2）
51.She showed me the dictionary ______ she paid a lot of money.A.by which
B.to which
C.for which
D.on which 52.Abraham Lincoln is a man ______ I have the greatest respect.A.who
B.to whom
C.whom
D.for whom 53.Edison had one suit ______ very little money, and which he wore until it was thin.A.which cost
B.which costs
C.which was cost
D.which has costed 54.The people ______ in the paper did not like it, but other readers liked it very much.A.who was written
B.who were written
C.who were written about
D.whom were written about 55.Finally, the thief handed everything ______ he had stolen to the police.A.which
B.what
C.whatever
D.that 56.His parents wouldn‘t let him marry anyone ______ family was
poor.A.of whom
B.whom
C.of whose
D.whose 57.Mayor will make an inspection of our school on Monday, ______ you can tell him how hard the situation we are in.A.where
B.which
C.when
D.that 58.I‘ll show you the magazine ______ I bought the other day.A.who
B.that
C.what
D.where 59.The person ______ talking to the shop assistant is an engineer.A.who is
B.what is
C.whom is
D.who you are 60.That is the office ______ Lincoln once worked in.A.where
B.which
C.what
D.in which 61.The girl ______ aunt is a famous singer is fond of music.A.who
B.whom
C.that
D.whose 62.The skirt is Ann‘s, ______ color is blue.A.it‘s
B.whose
C.who‘s
D.that
63.The washing machine ______ last Wednesday works well.A.I bought
B.I bought it
C.which I buy
D.that I bought it 64.The college students asked the soldier everything ______ he saw at the front.A.that
B.which
C.what
D.all what 65.Last year we visited the Summer Palace, ______ is one of the most beautiful places in Beijing.A.where
B.which
C.in which
D.that 66.Shanghai is the very place ______ the foreigners are eager to visit.A.where
B.in which
C.that
D.whose 67.The doctor ______ is going to Europe next year.A.which the manager is talking to
B.who the manager is talking
C.the manager is talking to him
D.the manager is talking to 68.Do you have anything ______ I can do for you?
A.which
B.what
C.else
D.when 69.All ______ you must do now is to lend us ten dollars, because we haven‗t brought any money with us at the moment.A.that
B.what
C.which
D.things 70.Those are model workers, some ______ are young fellows.A.of that
B.of whom
C.of who
D.of whose 71.The Science Building is very beautiful, behind ______ there is an orchard.A.which
B.what
C.this
D.these 72.Joan is one of the best writers who ______ published a lot of books.A.has
B.have
C.have been
D.are 73.When they met again, the two friends talked about lots of things and persons ______ we could remember in the school.A.who
B.whom
C.that
D.which 74.He is ______ everyone respects.A.the person
B.the one which
C.whom
D.who 75.This is the modern hotel ______ the guests can enjoy the most comfortable things.A.where
B.which
C.that
D.in that 76.July 27, 1989 is the day ______ I will never forget, when we had a wonderful time.A.on which
B.when
C.whom
D.that 77.Both of them will remember the months and the years ______ they spent in the army.A.which
B.when
C.in which
D.what 78.It is the factory ______ produces all kinds of TV sets.A.in which
B.which
C.what
D.where 79.The sun is bigger than the earth, ______ even a child knows.A.that
B.who
C.as
D.what 80.Miss Zhang devoted herself to the development of education, ______ led to her final success.A.that
B.which
C.so that
D.so 81.Everything ______ should be ______ be done right now.A.that, done must
B.that, must done
C.which, done should
D.that, should 82.Is that the lab ______ we did physics experiments in during our middle school days.A.what
B.where
C.which
D.the one 83.Is the lab ______ the foreigners visited yesterday?
A.that
B.where
C.in which
D.the one 84.I have the same book ______ you bought just now.A.which
B.that
C.as
D.whose 85.I‘d like to borrow ______ typewriter as was used yesterday.A.as
B.the same
C.the other
D.same 86.I, ______ one of the sports-lovers, often spend some time on training in the stadium.A.who am
B.who is
C.that am
D.whom is 87.Let‘s discuss ______ questions ______ are about the future of
the youth.A.so, as
B.as, that
C.such, that
D.such, as 88.The man ______ talked to you just now is an engineer.A.who
B.whose
C.which
D.what 89.In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions ______ were asked in French.A.where
B.who
C.in which
D.which 90.These books ______ he read some were written by Lu Xun.A.which
B.among which
C.of which
D.with which 91.I can still remember the sitting-room ______ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.A.which
B.what
C.that
D.where 92.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ______ was very reasonable.(2000)
A.which price
B.the price of which
C.its price
D.the price of whose 93.Is this the house ______ he was born?
A.at where
B.which
C.in which
D.at which 94.A child ______ parents are dead is called an orphan.A.which
B.his
C.whose
D.with 95.The watch he ______ went wrong again.A.had to be mended
B.has mended
C.had had mended
D.had been mended 96.To get the job started, ______ I need is your permission.A.only what
B.all what
C.all that
D.only that 97.All ______ is needed is a cup of tea.A.the thing
B.that
C.what
D.which 98.The doctor ______ is leaving for Africa next month.A.the nurse is talking to him
B.whom the nurse is talking C.the nurse is talking to
D.who the nurse is talking 99.He met my mother, from ______ he got the news of my marriage.A.who
B.whom
C.which
D.36
her 定语从句精练300题（3）
100.After graduation he asked to be sent to the place ______
A.where he is most needed
B.where he need
C.where he is mostly needed
D.where is he mostly needed.101.The doctor ______ she sent her friend is very famous.A.to whom
B.to whose
C.whom
D.at whom 102.The day ______ you are looking forward to will certainly come.A.in which
B.when
C.which
D.what 103.Is oxygen the only gas ______ helps fire burn
A.which
B.what
C.that
D.it 104.Those ______ not only from books but through practice will succeed.A.who learn
B.who
C.who learns
D.learn 105.Do you know the student ______ ?
A.whom I often talk
B.with who I often
talk
C.I often talk with
D.that I often talk 106.Please pass me the book ______ cover is green.A.that
B.which
C.whose
D.who 107.You‘d better let the children read such books ______ will make them better and cleverer.A.which
B.that
C./
D.as 108 Who ______ has common sense will do such a thing?
A.who
B.whom
C.which
D.that 109.That tree, the branches ______ are almost bare , is a very old one.A.whose
B.in which
C.on which
D.of which 110.The babies ______ are very healthy.A.after whom the nurses look
B.whom the nurses look after
C.whom the nurses look
D.whom the nurses look after them 111.There is a great deal of oxygen around us, ______ we could
not live.A.without it
B.which
C.without which
D.that 112.I can‘t believe that restaurant, ______ I have eaten such wonderful meals is going to close down.A.at where
B.at which
C.which
D.in which 113.What especially impressed us was the way ______ our teacher studied foreign language.A./
B.which
C.by which
D.what 114.The students in Tianjin are using the sane teaching books ______ we are now using.A.whose
B.that
C.which
D.as 115.The beautiful dress ______ Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed from a friend of hers.A.in which
B.wearing which
C.that
D.wearing that 116.My hometown is no longer the same ______ it used to be.A.like
B.that
C.as
D.which 117.She hasn‘t got enough money ______ to buy the rings.A.for which
B.with which
C.that
D.which 118.The Second World War ______ millions of people were killed in 1945.A.on which
B.where
C.in that
D.during which 119.Do you know the reason ______ she got so angry yesterday?
A.why
B.which
C.for that
D.for why 120.I‘ll show you the store ______ you may buy all ______ you need.A.that, that
B.which, that
C.where , which
D.in which, / 121.Can you lend me the book ______ the other day?
A.which you talked
B.that you talked C.you talked
D.you talked about 122.This is one of the best films ______ this year.A.which has been shown
B.that have been shown
C.that have shown
D.have been shown
123.There isn‘t so much noise in the country ______ in big cities.A.as
B.where
C.Which
D.that 124.He talked happily about the men and books ______ interested him greatly in the school.A.that
B.when
C.who
D.which 125.Lily would never forget the evening ______ she lost the ring.A.which
B.when
C.at which
D.where 126.They talked for about an hour of things and persons ______ they remembered in the school.A.which
B.that
C.who
D.whom 127.All ______ is a supply of fuel oil.A.what is needed
B.that is needed
C.the thing is needed
D.for their need 128.Those ______ want to see the film please put down your names here.A.which
B.what
C.whose
D.who 129.(2003北京春季高考题)We are living in an age ______ many
things are done on computer.A.which
B.that
C.whose
D.when 130.(2003上海春季高考题)______ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month.A.That
B.As
C.It
D.What 131.(2002北京高考题)We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, ______ other visitors seldom go.A.what
B.which
C.where
D.when 132.(2002上海高考题)Alec asked the policeman ______ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.A.with him
B.who
C.with whom
D.whom 133.He made another wonderful discovery, ______ of great importance to science.A.which I think is
B.which I think it is
C.which I think it
D.I think which is 134.Then the great day came ______ he was to march past the palace in the parade.A.where
B.since
C.when
D.42
till 135.—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.—Is that the reason ______ you had a few days off?
A.why
B.when
C.what
D.where 136.—I can‘t find Mr.Liu.Where did you meet him this morning ?--It was in the hotel ______ he stayed.A.that
B.which
C.carry out
D.where 137.The gentleman ______ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.A.who
B.about whom C.whom
D.with whom 138.The result of the experiment was very good, ______ we hadn‘t expected.A.when
B.that
C.which
D.what 139.I shall never forget those years ______ I lived in the country with the farmer, ______ has a great effect on my life.A.that;which
B.when;which
C.when;who
D.which;that
140.After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the small town ______ he grew up as a child.A.which
B.where
C.that
D.when 141.This is the first sum of money ______ the children‘s family has received.A.that
B.which
C.what
D.as 142.This is not the only apple ______ has rotten away.A.which
B.that
C./
D.what 143.He seldom finishes his work on time, ______ always makes his boss very angry.A.that
B.as
C.what
D.which 144.She is such a lovely girl ______ is liked by everybody.A.what
B.as
C.that
D.which 145.She likes to use words ______ are clear to him.A.of which the meanings
B.meanings of which
C.whose of meanings
D.meanings of whose 146.I‘ve read all the books ______ our teacher requires us to
read.A.which
B.that
C.what
D.they 147.Can you think out a situation ______ this idiom can be used?
A.which
B.that
C.where
D.with which 148.Mother bought me a new bike as my birthday present, ______ made me very happy.A.that
B.which
C.as
D.it 149.I, ______ your friend, will help you out.A.who is
B.who am
C.that is
D.I am 150.My glass, ______ I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.A.which
B.with which
C.without
D.without which 151.I was so eager to leave that when I stood in the hall, ready to leave, I didn‘t even think of saying good-bye to the friends ______ I had eaten and slept for so many weeks.A.by whom
B.of whom
C.with whom
D.with which 152.The famous basketball star, ______ tried to make a
comeback, attracted a lot of attention.A.who
B.when
C.which
D.where 153.Gone are the days ______ the working people suffered from cold and hunger.A.on that
B.at which
C.when
D.with which 154.This is the very building ______ I‘ve been looking for the whole morning.A.which
B.that
C.where
D.in which 155.The time ______ I spend on maths is much more than on English.A.that
B.when
C.at which
D.during which 156.Mr.Green drove slowly on the way home until he reached the high way, ______ the speed limit was 60 miles per hour.A.because
B.which
C.where
D.that 157.We grow all our vegetables and fruit, ______ saves money, of course.A.which
B.as
C.that
D.46
what 158.He arrived in New York, ______ some time later, he became a writer.A.when
B.where
C.that
D.which 159.The stories about this secret person, ______ this is one example, are widely spread among people.A.about which
B.of which
C.which
D.from which 160.Mr.Green is an Australian, ______ I know from his accent.A.who
B.whom
C.which
D.that 161.His parents wouldn‘t let him marry anyone ______ family was poor.A.of whom
B.whom
C.of whose
D.whose
162.She heard a terrible noise, ______ brought her heart into her mouth.A.it
B.which
C.this
D.that
163.In the dark street , there wasn‘t a single person ______ she could turn for help.A.that
B.who
C.from whom
D.to whom
164.The weather turned out to be very good , ______ was more than we could expect.A.what
B.which
C.that
D.it
165.After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ______ he grew up as a child.A.which
B.where
C.that
D.when
166.Carol said the work would be done by October, ＿＿＿＿＿personally I doubt very much.A.it
B.that
C.when
D.which
167.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ______ , of course , made the others unhappy.A.who
B.which
C.this
D.what
168.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase , ______ was very reasonable.A.which price
B.the price of which
C.its price
D.the price of whose 169.______ has already been pointed out , grammar is not a set of dead rules.48
A.As
B.It
C.That
D.Which 170.He lived in London for 3 months , during ______ time he learned some English.A.this
B.which
C.that
D.same 171.On the wall hung a picture, ______ color is blue.A.whose
B.of which
C.which
D.its 172.Whenever I met him , ______ was fairly often, I like his sweet and hopeful smile.A.what
B.which
C.that
D.when 173.______ has already been pointed out , grammar is not a set of dead rules.A.As
B.It
C.That
D.Which 174.The boss ______ department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women.A.in which
B.in that
C.in whose
D.whose 175.I don‘t like ______ you speak to her.49
A.the way
B.the way in that C.the way which D.the way of which 176.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.______ I got wet through.A.It‘s the reason
B.That‘s why
C.There‘s why
D.It‘s how
177.He made another wonderful discovery , ______ of great importance to science.A.which I think is
B.which I think it is
C.which I think it
D.I think which is 178.217.It was in the lab ______ was taken charge of by Professor Zhang ______ they did
the experiment.A.where;that
B.which;where
C.that;where
D.which;that 179.The boss ______ department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women.A.in which
B.in that
C.in whose
D.whose
180.The farmer uses wood to build a house ______ to store grain.A.in which
B.where
C.which
D.with which
第二篇：定语从句和there be讲解专项练习题
定语从句专项练习题
1.Don’t talk about such things of __________ you are not sure.A.which B.what C.as D.those 2.Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day? A.that B.where C.in which D.the one 3.Is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A.that B.where C.which D.the one 4.Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago? A.that B.where C.which D.the one 5.The wolves hid themselves in the places __________ couldn’t be found.A.that B.where C.in which D.in that 6.The freezing point is the temperature __________ water changes into ice.A.at which B.on that C.in which D.of what 7.This book will show you __________ can be used in other contexts..A.how you have observed B.what you have observed C.that you have observed D.how that you have observed 8.The reason is __________ he is unable to operate the machine.A.because B.why C.that D.whether 9.I’ll tell you __________ he told me last week.A.all which B.that C.all that D.which 10.That tree, __________ branches are almost bare, is very old.A.whose B.of which C.in which D.on which 11.I have bought the same dress __________ she is wearing.A.as B.that C.which D.what 12.He failed in the examination, __________ made his father very angry.A.which B.it C.that D.what 13.We’re talking about the piano and the pianist __________ were in the concert we attended last night.A.which B.whom C.who D.that 14.The girl __________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.A.who is singing B.is singing C.sang D.was singing 15.Those __________ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A.learn B.who C.that learns D.who learn 16.Anyone __________ this opinion may speak out.A.that against B.that against C.who is against D.who are against 17.Didn’t you see the man __________?
A.I nodded just now B.whom I nodded just now C.I nodded to him just now D.I nodded to just now 18.Can you lend me the novel __________ the other day? A.that you talked B.you talked about it C.which you talked with D.you talked about 19.Is there anything __________ to you? A.that is belonged B.that belongs C.that belong D.which belongs 20.----“How do you like the book?”
----“It’s quite different from __________ I read last month.” A.that B.which C.the one D.the one what 21.Mr.Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except __________ who had already taken them.A.the ones B.ones C.some D.the others 22.The train __________ she was travelling was late.A.which B.where C.on which D.in that 23.He has lost the key to the drawer __________ the papers are kept.A.where B.in which C.under which D.which 24.Antarctic __________ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.A.which B.where C.that D.about which 25.It’s the third time __________ late this month.A.that you arrived B.when you arrived C.that you’ve arrived D.when you’ve arrived
26.It was in 1969 __________ the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.A.that B.which C.when D.in which 27.May the fourth is the day __________ we Chinese people will never forget.A.which B.when C.on which D.about which 28.We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, __________ live my grandparents and some relatives.A.which B.that C.who D.where 29.The hotel __________ during our holidays stands by the seaside.A.we stayed at B.where we stayed at C.we stayed D.in that we stayed 30.Is it in that factory __________ “Red Flag” cars are produced? A.in which B.where C.which D.that 31.It is the Suez Canal __________ separates Asia __________ Africa.A.which, to B.where, from C.that, from D.that, with 32.Under the bridge, however, almost directly below, __________ was a small canoe, with a boy in it.A.there B.where C.it D.which 33.He is not __________ a fool __________.A.such, as he is looked B.such, as he looks C.as, as he is looked D.so, as he looks 34.Is that the reason __________ you are in favour of the proposal? A.which B.what C.why D.for that 35.He must be from Africa, __________ can be seen from his skin.A.that B.as C.who D.what 36.He has two sons, __________ work as chemists.A.two of whom B.both of whom C.both of which D.all of whom
37.I, __________ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A.who is B.who am C.that is D.what is 38.He is a man of great experience, __________ much can be learned.A.who B.that C.from which D.from whom 39.----Do you know the town at all?---No, this is the first time I __________ here.A.was B.have been C.came D.am coming 40.I don’t like __________ you speak to her.A.the way B.the way in that C.the way which D.the way of which 41.The two things __________ they felt very proud are Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair.A.about which B.of which C.in which D.for which 42.The dinner was the most expensive meal we __________.A.would have B.have had C.had never had D.had ever had 43.Do you know which hotel __________? A.she is staying B.she is staying in C.is she staying D.is she staying in 44.There is only one thing __________ I can do.A.what B.that C.all D.which 45.Who can think of a situation __________ this idiom can be used? A.which B.that C.where D.in that 46.I have many books, some of __________ are on chemistry.A.them B.that C.which D.those 47.They were interested __________ you told them.A.in which B.in that C.all that D.in everything 48.The astronaut did many experiments in the spaceship, __________ much help for knowing space.A.which we think it is B.which we think are of C.of which we think is D.I think which is of 49.The great day we looked forward to __________ at last.A.come B.came C.coming D.comes 50.I like the second football match __________ was held last week.A.which B.who C.that D./
参考答案：
1—5 AADBA 6—10 ABCCA 11—15 AADAD
16—20 CDDBC 21—25 ACBDC 26—30 AADAD
31—35 CABCB 36—40 BBDBA 41—45 BDBBC
46—50 CDBBC
1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.A.Which B.where C.what D.in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A.whom I spoke B.to who spoke C.I spoke to D.that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month.A.which they stayed B.at that they stayed C.where they stayed at D.where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A.which B.that C.when D.on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.A.which B.on which C.in which D.when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.A.where B.to which C.which D.in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.A.where B.that C.which D.there 8.This is one of the best films _______.A.that have been shown this year B.that have shown C.that has been shown this year D.that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A.about which you talked B.which you talked C.about that you talked D.that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.A.with which B.in which C.on which D.by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.A.whom B.who C.which D.that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.A.to whom B.on whom C.with which D.with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A.who B.who's C.which D.whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said.A.all that B.all what C.that D.which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.A.which B.who C.what D.as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be.A.who B.whom C.that D.as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know.A.that B.as C.whom D.what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.A.I went with B.with whom I went C.with who I went D.I went with him 19.I don't like ______ as you read.A.the novels B.the such novels C.such novels D.same novels 20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.A.which B.that C.whom D.what 21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.A.which B.that C.whom D.who 22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.A.them B.which C.whom D.who 23.You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.A.who;/ B./;whom C.whom;/ D./;who 24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.A.whose title B.its title C.the title of it D.the title of that 25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.A.for which B.for that C.in which D.what 26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.A.that B.which C.as D.it 27.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.A.when;which B.which;when C.what;that D.on which;when 28.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.A.which B.whose C.what D./ 29.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.A.in which B.with which C.that D.for which 30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.A.after which I have looked B.which I have looked after C.that I have looked after D.I have looked after 31.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.A.why;that B.that;why C.for that;that D.for which;what 32.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who 33.That is not the way ______I do it.A./ B.which C.for which D.with which 34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.A.all of which B.either of which C.both of that D.both of which 35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A.as was B.which was C.as were D.which 36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.A.who B.which C.that D.it
37.This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.A.that B.which C.from that D.from which
38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.A.that B.which C.who D.as
39.You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.A./ B.why C.when D.whose
40.Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A.that B.which C.it D.though
41.---Did you ask the guard _______ happened?---Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.A.what;that B.what;what C.which;which D.that;that
42.I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.A.when;who B.that;which C.which;that D.when;which
43.The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.A.owns;are B.owns;is C.own;is D.own;are
44.During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns.A.followed B.following C.to follow D.that followed 45.Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn? A.that B./ C.which D.it
46.The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on inside house.A.which;what B.through which;what C.through that;what D.what;that 47.Is _______ some German friends visited last week? A.this school B.this the school C.this school one D.this school where 48.John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.A.as B.that C.what D.who
49.I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.A.none of them B.neither of them C.neither of which D.none of which 50.All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.A.are being B.has been C.had been D.have been
参考答案及解析
1.A.which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。
2．C.“和谁讲话”要说speak to sb.本题全句应为Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。
3.D.where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。4.C.when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
5．A.which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。6．C.解析同第5题。7.A.解析见第3题。
8.A.本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，则the one应该视为先行词。
9.A.“谈到某事物”应说talk about sth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。10.A.with which是”介词+关系代词“结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有”用“的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that.with which在定语从句中作状语,即he is writing with a pen.11.C.in front of which 即in front of a farmhouse.In front of which在从句中作状语.12.D.with whom引导定语从句.with whom放在从句中即为:my father works with the engineer.13.D.whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语.14.A.that引导定语从句,因为先行词是all,所以只能选用that引导.15.D.the same……..as是固定用法, as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本句话中,as作从句的主语.16.D.such……… as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本题中,as作表语.17.B.as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句。这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词，而往往指代整个主句的含义。as在从句中可以作主语、宾语。从句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作宾语.18.B.Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定语从句.with whom放在从句中为:I went to the concert with Li Ming.19.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。Such修饰单数名词时,要用such a……..,本题中such books, such直接修饰复数名词.20.B.things和persons是先行词.当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人,又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用that.21.D.who引导非限制性定语从句,who作从句的主语.22.C.two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers.23.D.先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为, whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句who could do it.who在从句中作主语,不可省略.24.A.whose title引导非限制性定语从句,whose title也可以说成the title of which 25.A.for which 引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语 be famous for ”以……..而闻名".26.C.当先行词被such修饰时,引导定语从句的关系代词要用as.As在本从句中作主语.27.A.两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when.第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.28.D.在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中，常用that来代替“in(或其他介词)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。
29.D.for which在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why 来替代.30.B.which I have looked after 构成一个非限制性定语从句.31.A.The reason why… was that….已成为一种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能随意换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有 “因为”的含义。32.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.33.A.解释见28题.34.D.主句中的two表明不能选A.从句中的are表明不能选B.both of which用来引导非限制性定语从句.35.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。本题中as作从句的主语.36.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.37.D.38.D.解析见35题.39.A.he makes是定语从句, 从句前省略了关系代词that.40.B.which is a bad habit 非限制性定语从句.41.A.what happened是宾语从句.all 之后that he knew是定语从句.先行词是all,所以关系代词只能用that.42.D.years是表示时间的名词,用when引导定语从句,是因为when在从句中作时间状语.第二个空选用which,引导一个非限制性定语从句.43.C.本句话的定语从句是who own cars.其先行词是people,因此,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数的own。本句话主句的主语是The number of指“…..的数目”，是单数概念。因此，主句的谓语动词要用is。
44.D.that followed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语。45.A.先行词gas被only修饰，关系代词要用that，而不用which。
46.B.through which引导定语从句，through which即through the hole,在定语从句中作状语。What引导的是see的宾语从句，并作从句的主语。47.B.为便于理解，改写本句话：This is the school that some Germanfriends visited last week.不难看出，作表语的the school是先行词。that引导了定语从句，因为that同时又作visited的宾语，所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对。48.A.解释见35题。
49.C.因为是two ballpens, 并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念。因此，C是正确选项。
50.B.本句话中，主句的主语是all,为抽象概念。因此，其谓语应用单数的has been。关系代词that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。
there be 小结
1.基本结构 ：There be +主语 + 地点 /时间状语。如： There is a computer in the room.房间里有一台电脑。There are two TV plays every evening.每晚有两场电视剧。
2.主谓一致： 要采取就近一致原则，和*近be的主语一致。如： There is a pen, two rulers in the box.盒子里有一只钢笔，两把尺子。There are two boys and a teacher at the school gate.门口有两个男孩，一个老师。
3.主语后的动词形式：在there be 句型中，主语与动词是主动关系时用现在分词；是被动关系时用过去分词。如： There is a purse lying on the ground.地上有一个钱包。There are five minutes left now.现在还有5分钟。
4.反意疑问句。反意疑问句应与there be对应，而不是依据主语。如：There is a radio on the table, isn＇t there? 桌子上有一台收音机，是吧？ There are more than fifty classes in your school, aren＇t there? 你们班有50多名学生，是吧？
5.there be 与have的替换：there be表示所属时可与have替换。There is nothing but a book in my bag.=I have nothing but a book in my bag.包里只有一本书。
6.there be后接不定式时常用主动形式表示被动意义。如：There is a lot of work to do.有许多工作要做。注意：当该句型主语是something, anything, nothing等不定代词时，后面的不定式用主动形式或被动形式，意义各不同。There is nothing to do.没有事可做。There is nothing to be done.没有办法(束手无策)。
7.与其它词连用，构成复合谓语。如：There may be a rain this afternoon.今天下午可能有雨。There used to be a cinema here before the war.战争之前，这儿有一家电影院。8.变体 there be结构中的be有时可用live, stand, remain等代替。如：Once there lived a king who cared more about new clothes than anything else.从前有位国王喜欢新服胜过别的任何东西。
9.习惯用语：There is no good /use(in)doing sth.做某事没有好处/用处；There is not a moment to lose.一刻也不能耽误。例如：There is no good making friends with him.和他交朋友没有什么好处。He is very ill.Send him to hospital.There＇s not a moment to lose.他病得厉害，把他送到医院去，一刻也不能耽误。
第三篇：定语从句讲解
定语从句专题讲解
一、基本概念：
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now? That is the house where he lived ten years ago.定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。引导定语从句的关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which，as 关系副词有：when, where, why.二、关系词的用法：
（一）关系代词的用法：
1． 作主语用who, which和that, 如： He is the man who/that lives next door.The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen.2． 作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如：
The man(whom/who/that)we have just seen is a famous writer.Where is the book(which/that)I bought last week? 注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略；用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。
3． 作定语用whose, 如：(a)He is the man whose car was stolen last week.(b)It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time.注：“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语（如上a句），又能作宾语（如上b句）。whose 的先行词常用来指人，但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念，这时可以与of which 结构互换，词序是：“名词+of which”，如： They came to a house whose back wall had broken down..(= the back wall of which)He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten.(= whose name)4． 作表语只用that，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。如： He is no longer the man that he used to be.This is no longer the dirty place(that)it used to be.（二）关系副词的用法：
1．when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有：time, day, morning, night, week, year 等。如：
I still remember the time when I first became a college student.Do you know the date when Lincoln was born? 注：when时常可以省略，特别是在某些句型和某些时间状语中。如： Each time he came, he did his best to help us.But help never stopped coming from the day she fell ill.2．where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词常有：place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country等。This is the hotel where they are staying.I forget the house where the Smiths lived.注：where有时也可以省略。如：
This is the place(where)we met yesterday.3． why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。如： That is the reason why he is leaving so soon.注：why时常也可以省略。如： That is the real reason he did it.(三)使用关系副词应注意下列几点：
1． 这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on(in, at, during„)+ which;where = in(at, on„)+ which;why = for which.如：
I was in Beijing on the day when(=on which)he arrived.The office where(=in which)he works is on the third floor.This is the chief reason why(=for which)we did it.2． 当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较：
I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated.I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer.His father works in a factory where radio parts are made.His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts.3． when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。而why 只能引导限制性定语从句。三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
1．限制性定语从句说明先行词的情况，对先行词起限定作用，与先行词关系十分密切，不可用逗号隔开，也不可省略，否则全句意义就不完整。如： This is the telegram which he refers to.Is there anything(that)I can do for you? 2．非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作补充说明，没有限定作用，它与先行词的关系比较松散，因而不是关键性的，如果省略，原句的意义仍然完整。这种从句在朗读时要有停顿，在文字中通常用逗号与主句隔开。如：
This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago.As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有：who, whom, whose, which, when 和 where，不可以用that和why。
另外，非限制性定语从句从意义上讲，相当于一个并列句，在口语中使用并不普遍，在日常生活中，人们通常用并列句或简单句来表达。如：
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I told the story to John, who later did it to his brother.= I told the story to John, and he later told it to his brother.Yesterday I happened to see John, who was eager to have a talk with you.= Yesterday I happened to see John and he was eager to have a talk with you.3．两种定语从句的内涵不同，限制性定语从句具有涉他性，而非限制性定语从句具有唯一性，这在理解和翻译时应特别注意。试比较： All the books there, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.All the books there that have beautiful pictures in them were written by him.His brother, who is eighteen years old, is a PLA man.（只有一个）His brother who is a PLA man is eighteen years old.（不止一个）
4．有时，非限制性定语从句所修饰的不是某一个词，而是整个主句或是主句中的一个部分，这时一般采用which或as来引导。当整个主句（先行词）在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要用单数。
eg: He passed the exam, which/as he hoped he would.He has left here, which greatly upsets me.注：
（1）as引导的从句可以放在主句之前，而which引导的从句只能放在主句之后。They are hollow, which makes them very light.As is known to all, Taiwan is a part of China.（2）从意义上讲，which指前面主句的内容；而as指代的是作为一般人都知道的常识性的东西，因此常译成“就象„ „那样”。
（3）如果定语从句的内容对主句的内容起消极作用或当非限制定语从句为否定时，则常用which，而不用as，如：
She stole her friend’s money, which was disgraceful.He tore up my photo, which upset me.Tom drinks a lot everyday,which his wife doesn’t like at all.5．在正式文体中，以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句通常以in which或 that 引导，如：
The way in which you answered the questions was admirable.但在非正式文体中，人们通常省略in which或 that : The way(in which)he spoke to us was suspicious.I don’t like the way(that)you laugh at her.四．关系词的选择
1． 在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作主语，只能用who 指人，which指物；关系代词做宾语，常用whom（口语中有时用who）指人，which指物，它们都不能用that代替。
2． 关系代词作介词宾语，不论是在限制性定语从句中，还是在非限制性定语从句中，当介词前置时，只能用whom指人，which指物；但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，特别是在口语中。如：
Do you know the boy to whom she was talking?
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Do you know the boy(that)she was talking to? The pencil(which/that)he was writing with suddenly broke.3． 在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指物时，关系词可用which或that，二者常可以互换；但在下列情况中，只能用that，不用which：(1)当先行词是all, a lot,(a)little, few, much, none, anything, something, everything, nothing等词时。如： All that can be done has been done.In this factory I saw little / much that was different from ours.(2)当先行词被all, any no, much, little, few, every等限定词所修饰时。如：
We heard clearly every word that he said.(3)当先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时。如：
The first thing that should be done is to get the tickets.When people talk about Hangzhou, the first that comes to mind is the West Lake.(4)当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级所修饰，以及先行词被序数词和形容
词最高级同时修饰时，如：
Is that the best that you can do? That’s the most expensive hotel that we’ve ever stayed in.This novel is the second best one that I have ever read.(5)当先行词被 the very, the only, the next, the last等所修饰时。如： This is the very book that I want to find.(6)当先行词为指人和指物的两个并列名词词组时。如：
The guests spoke highly of the children and their performances that they saw at the Children’s Palace.She described in her compositions the people and places that impressed her most.(7)当主句是以which，who,what开头的特殊疑问句时。如： Which is the car that killed the boy? Who is the person that is making this lecture? 4.用which而不用that的情况：
①引导非限制性定语从句； ②代表整个主句的意思； ③介词+关系代词。e.g.He had failed in the maths exam,which made his father very angry.他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。
This is the room in which my father lived last year.这是父亲去年居住过的房子。
5.在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指人时，关系词可用who(m)或that，二者常可互换。
但在下列情况中，用who(m)，而不用that：
(1)当先行词是one, ones, any, few, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody等词时。如：
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Is there anyone who can answer this question? He was among the few who managed to live through the enemy prison camp.注：在非正式文体中可以说：You’re the one that knows where to go.)(2)当先行词是he, they, those, people, person等词时。如： He who wants to catch fish just not mind getting wet.Those who are against the proposal put up your hands.注：在固定结构的谚语或习语中，可用he that„。如： He that promises too much means nothing.(3)当先行词有较长的后置定语修饰时。如：
Do you know the writer in blue with thick glasses who is speaking at the meeting?(4)在分隔式定语从句中，若先行词指人，为了明确修饰关系，应当用who(m)。如：
A new master will came tomorrow who will teach you German.There’s only one student in the school who/whom I wanted to see.I was the only person in my office who was invited.(5)两个定语从句同时修饰一个指人的先行词，第二个定语从句常用who(m)来引导，如：
She is the only girl I know who can play the guitar.6.在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指人时，在下列情况中，一般用关系词that:(1)当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。如： Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there? Which of us that knows anything does not know this?(2)当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词所修饰时。如： He is the greatest man that has ever lived.(3)当先行词被the only, the very, the last等词所修饰时。如： She is the only person that understands me.7.当先行词被the same所修饰时，关系词既可以用as，也可以用that。在表示具体事物时，有时两者有一定的区别。一般说来，表示同一种类多用as，表示同一事物多用that。
如：This is the same instrument that I used yesterday.这就是我昨天用过的那台仪器。
This is the same instrument as I used yesterday.这台仪器跟我昨天用过的那台一样。
在抽象概念上，同种类和同一事物是没有绝对区别的，所以两个词可换用： I have the same opinion as / that you have.这里要注意的是：
（1）使用as时，它引导的定语从句中的动词可以省略，但使用that时，定语从句中 的动词不可省略。如： Women received the same pay as men.Women received the same pay that men received.(2)在“the same„that”结构中，that只是用来加强语气，强调“相同”。
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that可以省去而不改变句子原意，甚至连名词前的same也可以省去。如： This is the same instrument that I used yesterday.= This is the same instrument I used yesterday.= This is the instrument I used yesterday.但在“the same„as”结构中，same和as都不能省略。
(3)当“the same„that”结构中的that作为关系副词用时，不可以直接与as互换。
如：He lives in the same building that I live.= He lives in the same building as / that I live in.Shall we meet at the same place that we last met? = Shall we meet at the same place that / as we last met at? 8.当先行词前有such, so, as时，关系词应当用as。如： A wise man seldom talks about such things as he doesn’t understand.He spoke in such easy English as everybody could understand.At this time of the day, all buses and trolleys have to carry as many passengers as they can.It is so easy a book as every schoolboy can read.Let’s discuss such things as we can talk of freely.另需注意：
This book is written in such easy English as beginners can understand.（定语从句）
This book is written in such easy English that beginners can understand it.（结果状语从句）
9.as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型：
as is known to all,as is said,as is reported, as is announced,as we all know,as I expect等。
Eg：As I expected,he got the first place again in this mid-term examination.正如我所预料的那样，他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。
第四篇：定语从句讲解
定语从句讲解
一、定语从句的概念
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行
词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
如：
He is the boy
who often goes to school late.先行词
关系词
定语从句
二、定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类
根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法
1.that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语）
The coat（that）I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语）
2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）
The film（which）we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语）
3.who，whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如：
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语）
Who is the teacher（whom）Li Ming is talking to？正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？（作宾语）
注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：
This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：
This is the person whom you are looking for.这就是你要找的那个人。
（3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：
The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。
（4）关系词只能用that的情况：
a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。
b.被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？
c.先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last，little，few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：
Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？
f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
（5）关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：
a.先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that.例如：
What’s that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？
b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：
This is the room in which he lives.这是他居住的房间。
c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that.例如：
Tom came back，which made us happy.汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。
五、关系副词的用法
（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：
This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。
（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：
This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。
（3）why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
第五篇：定语从句讲解
定语从句讲解
一个美丽的女孩
a beautiful girl（形容词作前置定语）一个穿白色衣服的女孩
a girl in white（介词短语作后置定语）一个正唱歌的女孩
a girl who is singing(定语从句，修饰或限定名词girl）
一、概念: 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.Harry Porter is a smart boy.形容词作定语 Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.句子作定语,修饰boy, 叫做定语从句 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。关系词 分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词：who whom whose which that as
关系代词 ：when where why 先行词和关系词的关系
1.A plane is a machine that can fly.the machine = that 2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.the boy =who 3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather.the boy’s =whose The school where I study is far from my home.in the school = where 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指
关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词 关系代词的作用
1.代替先行词;
２.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;
3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句.（把主句和从句连起来）
关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的 人称、数必须和先行词一致。
① who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。
The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.分解
作主语 The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.The man(who)I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。
The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.作宾语分解、The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.The man(whom)I nodded to is Mr.Li.③ which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。
This is a truck which / that is made in China.分解 This is a truck.The truck is made in China.These are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder（which）he is using is made in Japan.The TV set(which)he bought yesterday is made in Japan.Is this the library(which)you borrow books from? ④that 指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。
The man who / that is speaking at the meeting is a worker.作主语 分解 The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.A plane is a machine that can fly.He is the man(that)I told you about.⑤whose指人或物, 在定语从句中作定语。不可省略。I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解 I know the girl.The girl’s mother is a teacher.This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.We live in a house whose windows face south.I saw a woman.Her bag was stolen.I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.Please show me the book.Its cover is red.Please show me the book whose cover is red.定语从句三步：
第一找出先行词
第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状
语）
第三选择合适的关系词 关系代词的用法注意点
(1)that和which都可以指物，但以下5种情况只能用that 不能用which。①当先行词中有人又有物时。如：
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? ②当先行词为不定代词all, one, few, little, no, some, any, everything, nothing, nobody, none等时。如：
This is all that I want from the school.③当先行词被only, just, very, right, last等修饰时。如： This is the very book that I am looking for these days.④当先行词被最高级修饰时。如：
The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city.⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：
The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.由wh-开头的特殊疑问句
Who is the man that you are talking about? 练习：that 与 which 1)Do you have anything ______ you don’t understand? 2)The only thing _____ we can do is to give you some advice.3)Who is the man _____ is standing there? 4)Her bag, in ________ she put all her money, has been stolen.5)She heard a terrible noise，______ brought her heart into her mouth.(2)that和who都可以指人，但下面两种情况，多用who。①先行词为all, anyone, one, ones等时。如： All who heard the news were excited.②先行词为those, he和people时。如：
Those who want to go please sign your names here.He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.定语从句练习
The foreign guests，were scientists, were warmly welcomed at the airport.A．most of them
B．most of whom
C．most of that
D．most of those He was the very one of the students who
praised at the class meeting.A．was
B．were C．is
D．are The balls are solid，makes them very heavy.it
B．what C．which D．that
The scientist and his achievements
you told me about are admired by us.who
B．that
C．which D． /
He is working hard，will make him pass the final exam.who
B．that
C．which D．it
The museum
we are going to visit is far form our school.where B．that
C．it
D．as
Which of the two sheep
you keep produces more milk?
that
B．which C．what D．they
The weather turned out to be very good，was more than we could expect.B．which
C．that
D．it
Finally, the thief handed everything
he had stolen to the police.which B．what
C．whatever D．that
Tom as well as his friends who
football matches
to school today.likes;hasn’t gone
B．likes;haven’t gone
C．like;hasn’t gone
D．like;haven’t gone We should learn from those
are ready to help others.A．what
A．who
B．whom C．whose D．they 12.I have two brothers，are doctors.A．both of them
B．both of who
C．both of whom
D．both of they 13.Everything
can be done should be done.A．which B．that
C．all
D．where 14.Is oxygen the only gas
helps fire burn?
A．that
B．/
C．which D．what
15.The first place
we visited in that city was a big factory.A．where B．in which C．that
D．which
16.Which is the largest bridge
was built across the river?
A．that
B．which C．where D．on which 17.Please pass me the dictionary
cover is black.A．which B．its
C．whose D．which of 18.This is the very place
I’m wishing to live in.A．where B．which C．that
D．in which 19.She always gives in to those _____ have money.A．in which B．who
C．that
D．which
二、从下框中选择合适的关系代词填空。
that;which;who;whose;不填
This is the village ______ I ever visited last year.I will always remember the days ______ we spent in the village.I will never forget the boy ______ ever helped me.He lives in the room ______ door is green.This is the best movie ______ we have seen this year.The trees _____ stand by the river have been green.These are the very books _____ I am looking for.It was the largest map _____ I had even seen.He made notes of everything _____ he read.10.Yesterday I met the teacher _____ once taught us maths.
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