第一篇：七年级英语下册 有关语法的巧计口诀 人教新目标版
英语有关语法的巧计口诀 人教版下册
一、冠词基本用法
【速记口诀】
名词是秃子，常要戴帽子，可数名词单，须用a或an，辅音前用a，an在元音前，若为特指时，则须用定冠，复数不可数，泛指the不见，碰到代词时，冠词均不现。
【妙语诠释】 冠词是中考必考的语法知识之一，也是中考考查的主要对象。以上口诀包括的意思有：①名词在一般情况下不单用，常常要和冠词连用；②表示不确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词a或an，确指时要用定冠词the；③如复数名词表示泛指，名词前有this，these，my，some等时就不用冠词。
二、名词单数变复数规则
【速记口诀】
单数变复数，规则要记住，一般加s，特殊有几处：
/s/结尾，es不离后，末尾字母o，大多加s，两人有两菜，es不离口，词尾f、fe，s前有v和e；
没有规则词，必须单独记。
【妙语诠释】 ①大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s，但如果单词以/t?蘩/、蘩/、/s/发音结尾（也就是单词如果以ch，sh，s，x等结尾），则一般加es；②以o结尾的单词除了两人（negro，hero）两菜（tomato，potato）加es外，其余一般加s；③以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f，fe变为ve再加s；④英语中还有些单词没有规则，需要特殊记忆，如child-children，mouse-mice，deer-deer，sheep-sheep，Chinese-Chinese，ox-oxen，man-men，woman-women，foot-feet，tooth-teeth。
三、名词所有格用法
【速记口诀】
名词所有格，表物是“谁的”，若为生命词，加“'s”即可行，词尾有s，仅把逗号择；
并列名词后，各自和共有，前者分别加，后者最后加；
若为无生命词，of所有格，前后须倒置，此是硬规则。
【妙语诠释】 ①有生命的名词所有格一般加s，但如果名词以s结尾，则只加“'”；②并列名词所有格表示各自所有时，分别加“'s”，如果是共有，则只在最后名词加“'s”；③如果是无生命的名词则用of表示所有格，这里需要注意它们的顺序与汉语不同，A of B要翻译为B的A。
五、接动名词作宾语的动词
【速记口诀】
Mrs.P Black missed a beef bag.（Ｐ•布莱克夫人丢了一个牛肉袋。）
【妙语诠释】 该句话中每个字母代表了一个动词或短语，这些动词要求后面跟动名词作宾语。这些动词分别是：
M=mind，r=risk，s=succeed in，P=practice，B=be busy，l=look forward to，a=admit，c=can't help，k=keep on，m=miss，i=insist on，s=suggest，s=stop，e=enjoy，d=delay，a=avoid，b=be worth，a=advise，g=give up。
六、不定式作宾语补足语时省to的动词
【速记口诀】
一感，二听，三让，四看，半帮助
【妙语诠释】 一感：feel；二听：hear，listen to；三让：make，let，have；四看：see，notice，watch，ob-serve；半帮助：help。
九、感叹句用法
【速记口诀】
感叹句，并不难，what、how放句前；
强调名词用what，其余用how很简单。
【妙语诠释】 由what引导的感叹句一般修饰名词，而how引导的感叹句一般修饰形容词、副词或句子。
十、宾语从句用法
【速记口诀】
宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。
一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否（if，whether）替；特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。
【妙语诠释】 宾语从句应注意三点：①引导词，陈述句一般由that引导，这时的that可以省略；一般疑问句则由if或whe-ther引导；而特殊疑问句则由特殊疑问词引导。②时态，主句是现在时态，从句可用所需要的任何时态；但如果主句是过去时态，从句时态所表示时间一般往前移一个时间段。③语序，宾语从句永远要用陈述句顺序。初中英语语法 介词用法口诀大全1 早、午、晚要用 in，at 黎明、午夜、点与分。
年、月、年月、季节、周，阳光、灯、影、衣、帽 in。将来时态 in...以后，小处 at 大处 in。有形 with 无形 by，语言、单位、材料 in。特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用 in。
介词 at 和 to 表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分。日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚，收音、农场、值日 on，关于、基础、靠、著论。
着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。特定时日和“一……就”，on 后常接动名词。年、月、日加早、午、晚，of 之前 on 代 in。
步行、驴、马、玩笑 on，cab，carriage 则用 in。at 山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心。工具、和、同随 with，具有、独立、就、原因。就……来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分。
海、陆、空、车、偶、被 by，单数、人类 know to man。this、that、tomorrow，yesterday，next、last、one。接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯。over、under 正上下，above、below 则不然，若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。
beyond 超出、无、不能，against 靠着，对与反。besides，except 分内外，among 之内 along 沿。同类比较 except，加 for 异类记心间。
原状 because of, owing to，due to 表语形容词。Under 后接修、建中，of，from 物、化分。Before，after 表一点, ago，later 表一段。before 能接完成时，ago 过去极有限。
since 以来 during 间，since 时态多变换。与之相比 beside，除了 last but one。
复不定 for、找、价、原，对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。快到、对、向 towards，工、学、军、城、北、上、南。but for 否定用虚拟，复合介词待后言。ing 型由于鉴，除了除外与包合。
之后、关于、在……方面，有关介词须记全。in 内 to 外表位置，山、水、国界 to 在前。
如大体掌握如上介词用法口诀，就不易出错。当然，至于介词的详尽用法，同形词又是连词及副词等内容此章不讲。下面对该口诀分别举例帮助你理解消化。早、午、晚要用 in 例：in the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening 在晚上 in the day 在白天
at 黎明、午、夜、点与分
例: at dawn, at daybreak 在黎明时候
at noon 在中午at night 在夜间at midnight 在午夜 以上短语都不用冠词
at six o'clock 在6点钟
at 7：30(seven thirty)在7点半 at half past eleven 在11点半 at nine fifteen 在9点15 分
at ten thirty a.m.在上午10点30分也可以写成 seven to five 5点差7分(半小时以上)five minutes after two 2点过5分 at a quarter to two 1点45分 at the weekend 在周末
年、月、年月、季节、周
即在“某年”，在“某月”，在“某年某月”(但在某年某月某日则用 on)，在四季，在第几周等都要用 in。
例；in 1986 在1986 年 in 1927 在1927 年 in April 在四月 in March 在三月
in December, 1986 1986年12月 in July, l983 1983年7月
in spring 在春季 in summer 在夏季 in autumn 在秋季 in winter 在冬季
in the fist week of this semester 这学期的第一周 in the third week 在第三周 阳光、灯、影、衣、冒 in，即在阳光下，在灯下，在树阴下，穿衣、着装、冒雨等都要用 in。例：Don't read in dim light.切勿在暗淡的灯光下看书。
They are reviewing their lessons in the bright light.他们在明亮的灯光下复习功课。They are sitting in the shade of a tree.他们坐在树阴下乘凉。a prisoner in irons 带着镣铐的囚犯
He went in the rain to meet me at the station.他冒雨到车站去接我。
The poor dressed(clothed)in rags in old society.旧社会穷人们衣衫褴褛． 以及：in the bright sunlight 在明亮的阳光下 a merchant in disguise 乔装的商人
the woman in white(black, red, yellow)穿着白(黑、红、黄)色衣服的妇女 in uniform 穿着制服 in mourning 穿着丧服
in brown shoes 穿着棕色鞋 in his shirt sleeves 穿着衬衫
将来时态 in … 以后
例: They will come back in 10 days.他们将10天以后回来。I'll come round in a day or two.我一两天就回来。We'll be back in no time.我们一会儿就回来。
Come and see me in two days' time.两天后来看我。(从现在开始)
After …(从过去开始)小处 at 大处 in 例：Li and I arrived at Heishan county safe and sound, all is well.Don't worry.李和我平安地到达黑山县，一切很好，勿念。
I live in a great city(big city), my sister lives at a small town while my parents live at a village.我住在大城市，我姐姐住在一个小城镇，而我的父母则住在农村。I'm in Liaoning, at Anshan.我住在辽宁省鞍山市． 有形 with 无形 by，语言、单位、材料 in 4
例：The workers are paving a road with stone.工人们正用石子铺路。(有形)The teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen.这位教师正用一支新笔批改论文。(有形)“Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy”is a good opera.<<智取威虎山>>是-出好戏。(无形)The product is separated by distillation into gasoline and gas oil.这种产品是用蒸馏分离出汽油和粗柴油。(表示方式、手段、方法--无形)I really can't express my idea in English freely in
I really can't express my idea in English freely in-deed． 我确实不能用英语流利地表达我的思想。(表示某种语言用 in)I wrote a novel in Russian.我用俄语写了一本小说。(同上)The kilometre 公里“>kilometer is the biggest unit of length in the metric system． 公里是米制中最长的长度单位。(表示度、量、衡单位的用 in)The length is measured in meter, kilometre, and centimetre.长度是以米、公里、厘米为单位来计算的。(同上)This board was cast in bronze not in gold.这个牌匾是铜铸的，不是金铸的。特征、方面与方式、心情、成语惯用 in 特征或状态：
例: The Democratic Party was then in power.那时民主党执政。They found the patient in a coma.他们发现病人处于昏迷状态。
He has not been in good health for some years.他几年来身体一直不好。
Many who came in despair went away in hope.许多人带着绝望情绪而来，却满怀希望而去。
The house was in ruins.这房屋成了废墟。
The poor girl was in tears.这个贫苦女孩泪流满面。Her clothes were in rags.她的衣服穿破了。His shoes were in holes.他的鞋穿出窟窿了。I only said it in fun.我说这话只是开玩笑的。
She spoke in grief rather than in anger.与其说她讲得很气愤，不如说她讲得很伤心。还有一些短语也用 in，如： in jest 诙谐地，in joke 开玩笑地，in spite 恶意地，in fairness 公正地，in revenge 报复, in mercy 宽大，in sorrow 伤心地等。
His mind was in great confusion.他脑子里很乱。
Today everybody is in high spirits and no one is in low ebb.今天大家都兴高采烈，没有一个情绪低落的。
She and her classmates are in flower ages.她和她的同学都正值妙龄。The campaign was in full swing.运动正值高潮中。方面：
例：We accepted the item in principle.我们在原则上接受了这个条款。
They are never backward in giving their views.他们从来不怕发表自己的意见。The backward area has achieved self-sufficient in grain.这个落后的地区在粮食方面已能自给。
A good teacher must be an example in study.一个好的教师必须是学习的模范。
方式：
例：All the speeches were taken down in shorthand.所有报告都用速记记录下来了。The Party has always educated us in the spirit of patriotism and internationalism.党一贯以爱国主义和国际主义精神教育我们。如下成语惯用 in 例：in all 总计 in advance 事前
in the meantime 与此同时 in place 适当地
in hopes of(或 in the hope of)怀着……希望 in connection with 和……有关 in contact with 和……联系 in addition to 除……以外 in case of 倘若，万一
in conflict with 和……冲突 in force 有效的，大批 in depth 彻底地 in regard to 关于
in the neighborhood of 大约、邻近in retrospect 回顾，一想起 in behalf of 代表……利益 in the least 一点，丝毫 in alarm 惊慌、担心
in the opinion of 据……见解 in the long run 从长远说来 in one's opinion 在……看来 in word 口头上 in a word 总之
in vain 无益地, 白白地 in case 如果，万一，以防 in detail 详细地 in haste 急急忙忙地 in conclusion 总之 in spite of 尽管
in other words … 换句话说 in return 作为回报
in the name of 以……名义 be confident in 对……有信心 be interested in 对……感兴趣 in doubt 怀疑 in love 恋爱中 in debt 负债
in fun(jest、joke)玩笑地 in hesitation 犹豫不决
in wonder 在惊奇中
in public(secret)公开他(秘密地)in a good humour 心情(情绪)好
”介词 at、to 表方向，攻击、位置、善、恶、分“。
介词 at 和 to 都可以表示方向;用 at 表示方向时，侧重于攻击的目标，往往表示恶意；用to 表示方向时，突出运动的位置或动作的对象，侧重表示善意。试比较下列各句：
1.A．She came at me.她向我扑过来。
B．She came to me.她向我走过来。
2．A．Jake ran at John.杰克向约翰扑过去。
B．Jake ran to John.杰克朝约翰跑去。
3．A.He rushed at the woman with a sword.他拿着剑向那妇女扑过去。
B.He rushed to the woman with a sword.他带着剑向那妇女跑过去。
4．A．He shouted at the old man.他大声喝斥那老人。
B.He shouted to the old man.他大声向那老人说。
5．A．I heard her muttering at Xiao Li.我听见她在抱怨小李。
B．I heard her muttering to Xiao Li.我听见她在同小李低声说话。
6．A.She talked at you just now.她刚才还说你坏话呢。
B．She talked to you just now.她刚才还同你谈话呢.7．A．She threw a bone at the dog.她用一块骨头砸狗。
B．She threw a bone to the dog.她把一块骨头扔给狗吃。
8．A．He presented a pistol at me.他用手枪对着我。
B．He presented a pistol to me.他赠送我一支手枪。
日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早午晚;以下皆用 on。
例: on October the first 1949 1949年10月1日
on February the thirteenth l893 1893年2月13日
on May the first 5月1日
on the first 1号
on the sixteenth 16号
on the second of January 或 on January the second 1月2日
on a summer evening 在夏天的一个夜晚
on Boxing Day 在节礼日(圣诞节次日)
on New Year's Day 在元旦
on my birthday 在我的生日
但 in the Christmas holidays 在圣诞节假期;in the eighteenth century 在十八世纪;in ancient times 在古代;in earlier times 在早期;in modern times 在现代，则用 in，at the present time 现在，at the present day 当今 则用 at。
on May Day 在”五?一“节
on winter day 在冬天
on December 12th 1950 l950年12月12日
on Sunday 在星期天
on Monday 在星期一
on Tuesday morning 星期二早晨
on Saturday afternoon 星期六下午
on Friday evening 星期五晚上
但 last night 昨夜；in the evening 在晚上;on time 准时，in time 及时，等则不同。
年月日，加早午晚，of 之前 on 代 in
例：on the morning of 18th 18日早晨
on the evening of 4th 4日晚上
On the eve of their departure they gave a farewell banquet and their head gave a farewell speech.他们在临行前夕举行了一次告别宴会，他们的团长发表了告别讲话。
收音、农场，值日 on
例：Did your supervisor like the story over(or on)the radio last night?
您的导师喜欢昨天从收音机里听到的故事吗?
I heard the news over(or on)the radio.我从收音机里听到了这一条消息。
talk over the radio 由无线电播音
on TV 从电视里……
hear something on the wireless 在无线电里听到
My brother works on an Army reclamation farm.我哥哥在一个军垦农场工作。
The students are working on a school farm.学生们正在校办农场劳动。
This is a farmer's house on a farm.这是农场的农舍。
Who is on duty, today? 今天谁值日?
We go on duty at 8 a.m.我们上午8点钟上班 例: This afternoon we are going to listen to a report on the international situation.今天下午我们要听关于国际形势的报告。
Professor Shen will give us a talk on traveling in America.申教授将给我们做关于美国之行的报告。
You are wrong on all these issues.在这些问题上你的看法都错了。
The belief is based on practical experience.这种信念是以实际经验为基础的。Theory must be based on practice.理论必须以实践为基础。The people in the south live on rice.南方人主食大米。(靠)The citizens live on their salaries.城市人靠薪金生活。
You can't afford luxuries, on an income of 100 yuan a month． 靠月薪100 元的收入，你是买不起奢侈品的。
Her pet dogs were fed on the choicest food． 她用精饲料喂养她心爱的狗。
He is just a scrounger, who lives on other people.他正是一个小偷，专靠损害别人过日子。
Keep the kettle on the boil(=boiling).让水壶的水一直开着。The enemy are on the run(=running).敌人在逃跑。
On 后接 the 加上一个作名词的动词．其意义与现在分词所表达的相近。类似例子很多如： on the march 在行军中，on the mend 在好转中，on the prowl 徘徊，on the move 活动中，on the scrounge 巧取豪夺(俚语)，on the go 活跃，忙碌，on the lookout 注意, 警戒，on the watch 监视着。on the hop 趁不备抓住某人等等。
on the People's Democratic Dictatorship <<实践论>>和<<矛盾论>> on the People's Democratic Dictatorship <<论人民民主专政>> 8
”on Coalition Government“<<论联合政府>> 着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付，相反、准
注：口诀中的”着“是指着火，”罢“指罢工，”偷“指偷偷地，”公“指出差、办公事；”假“指休假，”准“指准时。
例：The house next to mine was on fire.我邻居的房子着火了。
The workers of the railway station were on strike.铁路工人罢工了。Grapes and big water melons from Sinkiang are on sale on a large sale.新疆葡萄和西瓜大量上市了。
Do something on the sly(quiet).秘密地(暗地里，偷偷地)做某事。I've come here on business.我是有公事来的。
They went to Bern on a mission.他们到伯尔尼去执行一项使命。They have been away on a long trip.他们出去做一次长途旅行。I'll go home on leave next month.下月我将休假回家。
I went on business to Shanghai.I did not take leave.我是公出去上海的，不是不告而别。
She came to see you on purpose.她是专程来看你的。
He came here on purpose to discuss it with you.他到这来是要与你讨论这件事的。”This lunch is on me.“"这顿午饭我付钱。” “No.let's go Dutch.”“不，还是各付各的。” On the contrary, it was very easy to understand.相反，这事儿很容易理解。P1ease come on time.(on schedule).请准时来。注：in time 是“及时”的意思。
The train arrived on schedule.火车准时到达。
特定时间和“一……就”，左右 on 后动名词
例：Gases expand on heating and contract on cooling.气体加热时膨胀，冷却时收缩。(特定时间)On entering the room, he found his friends dancing in high spirits.一进屋，他就发现他的朋友们在愉快地跳舞。
On reaching the city he called up Lao Yang.一到城里他就给老杨打了一个电话。I'll write to him on hearing from you.我接到你的来信就给他写信。(一……就)以及 on the left, right 向左向右，on the stair 在台阶上等。步行、驴、马、玩笑 on，cab，carriage 用 in 例：On foot 步行;on horse 骑马;on donkey 骑驴。
He rode on, blood flowing from his side.他骑着马，鲜血从腰部流下来。
The soldier of the Eighth Route Army rode 100 li on a horse a day in order to catch up with his unit.为赶上部队，那位八路军战士骑马日行百里。Go on horse back!骑马去！
You are having me on!你和我开玩笑呢!in cab 和 in carriage 不能用 on 或 by cab 或 carriage。at 山脚、门口在当前，速、温、日落价核心
即在山脚下、在门口、在目前，速度、以……速率、温度、在日落时、在……核心要用at。例：At the foot of the mountain, there are thirty of our comrades.在山脚下，有我们30 个同志。
There is a beautiful lake at the foot of the hill.山脚下有一个美丽的湖。At the gate of the house there are many children playing glass ball.门口有一大群孩子在玩玻璃球。
Who's standing there at the door? 谁站在门口? I don't need the dictionary at present.我现在还不需要这本词典。He is at present in Washington.他目前正在华盛顿。
The train runs at fifty kilometres an hour.火车每小时行驶50 公里。We built the plant at top speed and minimum cost.我们以最低的投资，最高的速度修建了该工厂。at home 在国内，在家里
at ten degrees centigrade 在摄氏10 度
at minus ten degrees centigrade 摄氏零下10 度
Water freezes at 0°centigrade.水在摄氏零度结冰。
Water usually boils at 100°.水通常在摄氏100 度沸腾。at zero 在零度
at the rate of 45 miles an hour at full speed 全速 at a good price 高价 at a low cost 低成本
at a great cost 花了很大代价 at that time 在当时
Evaporation takes place at all temperatures.蒸发在任何温度下都能发生。at 1000 RPM(revolution per minute)每分钟1000 转 at a high speed 高速
The soldiers launched an attack upon the enemy at sunset.战士们在日落时对敌人发起了攻击。at daybreak 日出时
The force at the core leading our cause forward is the Chinese Communist Party.领导我们事业的核心力量是中国共产党。
The atom has a nucleus at its core.在原子的中心有一个原子核。
At the beginning of this term the teacher in charge of our class was very strict with us.这学期开始，我们的班主任老师对我们要求非常严格。
以及 At the first session of the First National People's congress of the People's Republic of China.在中华人民共和国第一次全国人民代表大会第一次会议上.常用的 at 短语有: at first 首先，开始时 at least 至少
at all events 无论如何 at home 在家，无拘束 at one stroke 一下子 at a loss 不知怎办 at any rate 不管怎样 at length 详细地
be at high tide 处于高潮期
at our invitation 应我们的邀请 at our request 应我们的请求 at the news 听到这消息 at the risk of 冒……危险 at a great expense 以巨大费用 at a stroke 一举 at intervals of 每隔 at liberty 有权，随意 at the sight of 一见到 at the point of 接近，靠近at the thought of 一想到 at the speed of 以……速度
at the cost(price)of 以……为代价 at leisure 闲着、失业
at the disposal of 任凭……使用 at stake 在危险中、在成败关头 at bottom 实际上、本质上 at short notice 一得到通知 at seeing us 看到我们
at the happy tidings 听到喜讯 at sixteen 在16岁时
at the present stage 在现阶段 at the weekend 周末 at all times 永远
at 405 Victory Road 在胜利路405号
工具、同、和、随 with，具有，独立、就、原因
例：We write with ball pens.我们用油笔写字。(工具)
但 He write in blue ink.他用蓝水笔写字(墨水用 in 不用 with)
Theory must go hand in hand with practice.理论必须同实践相结合。(同)
He is talking with friends.他正同朋友们谈话。(同)
I'd like to have a dinner with a friend.我喜欢同朋友共同进餐。
We must co-operate closely with them.我们必须同他们紧密合作。(同)
We, as human beings are going to leave, but friendship has taken roots among us and our hearts are linked with yours.我们虽然就要走了，但是友谊却在我们之间扎了根，我们的心和你们的心是紧紧相连的。(和或同〕
A cadre must become one with the masses.干部必须和群众打成一片。
I'm with you.我同意你。
An atom is so small that we can't see it with a microscope.原子太小，即使用显微镜也看不见它。(工具)
In the past I had to part with my wife.旧社会我不得不和妻子离别。(和)
The socialist revolution is deepening with each passing day.社会主义革命日益深入。(随着)
They sail with the wind.他们顺风航行。(随着)
With the change of the economic foundation, the superstructure has to be 11
transformed too.随着经济基础的改变，上层建筑也必须改变。(随着)
With the battle of Waterloo, Napoleon's rule in Europe was ended.滑铁卢一战，拿破仑对欧洲的统治就完蛋了。
The modern electron tube.随着电子管的发明而诞生了现代电子工业．
She is with child.= She is in a very interesting condition.= in a family way, = She is pregnant(in pregnancy).她怀孕了。(有)
但 She is with a child．意为:“她领着一个孩子。”
China is a very large country with a long history.中国是一个历史悠久的大国。(具有)
China is a country with a population of ten billion people.中国是一个有10 亿人口的国家。（具有）
What is the matter with you? 怎么回事?(就，关于)
How is it with you? 你怎么啦？(就，关于)
Everything was going well with them.他们一切都进行得很顺利。(就……)
It is a very intense flash with a lot of power packed into it.由于聚集了大量的能，所以闪光非常强烈。（独立结构）
注；即分词独立主格结构用 with。
With a new welding technique introduced, the use of stainless steel was no longer limited to making small things only.由于新的焊接技术的引进，不锈钢的使用就不仅仅局限在微小的物件上了。(独立结构)
With all its beams advancing in step with each other the laser possessed very particular properties which no ordinary light ever has.由于激光的光束同步，所以它具有普通光所没有的特殊性质。(独立结构)
Without the temperature or pressure changed matter can never change from one state into another.没有温度或压力的变化，物质永远不能以一种状态变到另一种状态。(独立结构)
The evil landlord was trembling with fear.那个万恶的地主吓得浑身发抖。(原因)
My wife's hands were rough with work.我爱人因为老干活，手很租糙。(原因)．
With the help of my classmate's tape recorder I listen to the Voice of America and B.B.C every day.借助于我同学的录音机，我每天收听美国之音和B.B.C。(原因)
With television, we can see all kinds of programmes on the screen sitting at home without going to the movies and theatres.因为有了电视，我们坐在家里就能看到各种节目, 而不必去影院、戏院了。(原因)
就……来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分
这里的 with 后边的宾语常译成主语。
例：How are the things with you? 你情况怎样？
What's wrong with your eyes? 你的眼睛怎么啦?
Something is wrong with my hands.我手出点毛病。
Everything was going well with them.他们一切都进行得很顺利。
Parents must be strict with their children.父母对子女要严格。(对)
The doctor was very patient with his patients.那位医生对患者非常耐心。(对)
I'm quite satisfied with your answer.我对你的回答很满意。(对)12
Many intellectuals with revolutionary tendencies went to the liberated areas.许多带有革命倾向的知识分子都投奔解放区了。(有)
These apartment houses are for workers with families.这些住宅楼是给有家属的工人盖的。
He was sitting in a chair with his hands folded.他两手交叉在胸前坐在椅子上。(状语)独立结构
They are highly mechanized farms, with machinery to do all the work.它们是高度机械化的农场，所有工作都由机器进行。(状语)独立结构
上两句是 with 引出的复合结构。
I will be with you again in half an hour.过半个钟头我还会跟你们在一起的。
(with 的介词短语作表语。另注意 in 将来时态 in 以后)
Our sympathies were with the students persecuted by the gang of four during the cultural revolution.我们是非常同情“文革”中被“四人帮”迫害的青年学生的。(with 的介词短语作表语)。
海、陆、空、车、偶、被 by，单数人类 known to man
例: by land(air, sea, water, bus)陆路(航空，水陆，水路，乘公共汽车)
by micro bus 坐小面包车(微型汽车)
by mini bus 坐小面包车
by train 坐火车
by trolley bus 坐无轨电车
by tram 坐有轨电车
by bike 骑自行车
by motor car 骑摩托车
by tube 坐地铁
by airbus 坐大型客机(空中汽车〕
by jeep 坐吉普车
by chance 偶然
by accident 偶然，无意中
以及 by virtue of 靠、由于
by leaps and bounds 大幅度地
by way of 经由
by the book 按常规
The list of discoveries by“accident”could fill a long book.偶然的发现可以写一本很厚的书。(偶然)
The law of relativity was formulated by Einstein.相对论是爱因斯坦创立的。(被动)
The book was written by Mr.Zhang.这本书是张先生写的。(被动)
That in 1969 the first artificial satellite was launched to the space is known to man.1969 年第一颗人造卫星上了天是众所周知的。
这里用 to man 而不用 by。即当单数又无冠词的 man 和 known 搭配时，表示人类不用 by。
this，that，tomorrow，yesterday，next, last, one 13
接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯
例：一天 one day(不说 on one day)
one summer 在一个夏天
one year 一年
last night 昨天夜里
last Friday 上个星期五
last month 上月
last year 去年
yesterday afternoon 昨天下午
tomorrow afternoon 明天下午
tomorrow evening 明天晚上
next month 下个月
next week 下周 next year 明年
next Saturday 下星期六
this morning 今天早晨
this year 今年
this Tuesday 本星期二
this Autumn 今年秋天
that morning 那天早上
that evening 那天晚上
无论前面介词 in、on 还是 at，通通可省略，不能说 at last night, on last Friday, in last month, in this year 这些都是不对的，须去掉介词。
over, under 正上下，above, below 则不然
若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关
例：There is a picture over the window.窗户上面有一幅画。(正上方)
The plane flew above the city.飞机飞过城市上空。（高于城市并非正上方)
A lamp was hanging over the table.一盏灯是在方桌上方。(正上方)
The moon was now above the trees in the east.这时月亮已经在东边树林的上方。(非正上方)
Don't stand above the masses.勿高踞于群众之上。(比喻一一非正上方)
The mountain is 700 feet above sea level.这座山海拔700米。(非正上方)
There is a small building below the hill.山下有座小楼房。(非正下方)
There is a submarine under the water.水下有艘潜水艇。(正下方)
Water was found ten feet below the surface.在地面下10英尺处找到了水。(非正下方)
The peasants are cooling themselves under the trees.农民们正在树下乘凉。(正下方)
over under 正上下，低高 below 与 above
The temperature in the room is below(or under)30℃.室温是摄氏30度以下。(数量词两者皆可)
Do you have anything in the way of computers below(under)$10000? 14
你们有哪些价格低于10000美元的计算机?
（数量词两者皆可〕
beyond 超出、无、不能
例：It's quite beyond me(It is more than I can understand).这我完全不懂。
Don't stay out beyond 10 o'clock.不要在外呆到10点以后还不回家。
But the gratitude from the bottom of my heart to the students and my old colleagues, has gone beyond my control.发自肺腑的对学生们和我的老同事们的感激之心使我毫不紧张，毫不拘束；
Your work is beyond all praise, so good that it can't be praised enough.你的成绩是赞扬不尽的。
That is going beyond a joke, passes the limits of what is reasonable as a joke.那样开玩笑太过火了。
They were touched beyond words.他们被感动得无法形容。(无)
To do this was quite beyond all doubts.办这事我无能为力。(超出)
This is inevitable and beyond all doubts.这是必然的，毫无疑义的。(无)
另外, Beyond two cottages stood his house.句子中的 beyond 是“那边”的意思。
against 靠着，对与反
例: In front of the wardrobe there are two upholstered armchairs arranged against the south wall near the door.立柜前面是两把沙发椅，靠着南城门附近。（靠着）
She leaned wearily against the railings.她疲惫地靠着栏杆站着。(靠着)
A new president was elected by a majority of 274 votes against 110.新总统以274票对110票的多数当选。(对……)
besides, except 分内外，among 之内 along 沿
例：The design has many other advantages besides lower cost.除费用低外，该设计还有许多其他优点。(优点包括在内)
He had no time to prepare his lecture, besides which he was unwell.他没有时间准备讲稿，而且他的身体也不大舒适。
Every one of us, except her, went to see the exhibition.除她外，我们都去参观了展览会。
He gets up early every day except Sunday.除星期日外他每天早起。
Nobody was late except me.除我以外，没人迟到。
第二篇：人教新目标七年级下册英语期末测试(听力材料)范文
人教新目标七年级下册英语期末测试
听力部分
一、听句子，选择与其相符的图片，每个句子读两遍。
四、请听下面一段短文，根据短文内容完成表格，短文读两遍。My friends Mike, Jack and I go to a restaurant for dinner.I’m medium build.My friend Mike has short straight hair.Jack is short and heavy.The waiter asks what we would like, I’d like chicken noodles.Mike doesn’t want noodles.He’d like some fish and orange juice.Jack dislikes fish.He likes mutton.So he’d like a Number 1.My sister is of medium build and she has long black hair.Number 2.My math teacher isn’t tall.He is a little heavy.Number 3.I’d like noodles and orange juice, please.Number 4.The dumplings are only 15 yuan.Number 5.On Saturday I studied for the math test.二、听下面5组对话，每组对话后有一个问题，请根据对话和问题从每题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项，每个对话读两遍，每个问题仅读一遍。
Number 6.W: Mike, do you have a sister?
M: Yes, she’s cute.She has long hair and big eyes.Question: What does Mike’s sister look like?
Number 7.M: What does your father do, Linda?
W: He was a teacher ten years ago.Now he is a reporter.Question: What is Linda’s father now.Number 8.W: Can I help you?
M: Yes, I’d like a medium bowl of noodles.How much is it?
W: 15 dollars.Question: Where is the boy?
Number 9.W: Tony, are you hungry?
M: Yes, Mom.W: Let’s have some mutton noodles.M: No, Mom.I want some beef and carrot noodles.I don’t like mutton noodles.Question: What kind of noodles does Tony like?
Number 10.W: Did you go to the beach last weekend, Mike?
M: No, I didn’t.I stayed at home and watched TV.Question: What did Mike do last weekend?
三、听长对话，选择最佳选项，对话读两遍。
M1: Good afternoon.Can I help you?
M2: Yes, please.I would like a hamburger and some French fries.What about you, Lucy?
W: I’d like a hamburger, some chicken and a bowl of ice cream.I don’t like French fries.M1: Would you like something to drink?
W: Black tea, please.And you, Bob?
M2: I’d like green tea.W: OK.We’d like two hamburgers, some French fries, some chicken, a bowl of ice cream, a black tea and a green tea.M1: Sure.四、听短文，根据所听内容选择正确答案，短文读两遍。
Dear Brad,Thanks for your letter.Let me tell you about my last weekend.On Saturday morning I went to English class.I practiced English.In the afternoon I played the piano for two hours.Then I went to a sports club.In the evening I went to the movies.On Sunday morning, I went to the library.I read Harry Potter.Then I visited my grandparents.On Sunday evening I studied for a math test.That’s what I did last weekend.Please write and tell me about what you did last weekend.Love,Tom
七下英语期末测试卷large bowl of mutton soup and bread.Zehua Paper 2010.7
第三篇：七年级人教新目标七年级下册英语期末词汇总结
初一英语下册 短语复习
1.你的笔友 your pen pal = your pen friend 2.这些国家
these countries 3.美国the United statedthe USA the US America 4 英国
the United kingdom 5.在图中
in the picture 6.看着这些东西
look at the things 7.来自
come from = be from 8.这些城市
these cities 9.乔恩的笔友
John’s pen pal 10.在巴黎
in paris 11.在悉尼
in Sydney 12.这些国家的名字 the names of the countries 13.在方格中
in the box 14.我的新笔友
my new pen pal 15.什么语言
what language 16.在美国 in the USA= in the US = 17.in the United States=in America 18.在澳大利亚 in Australia 19.她最喜欢的科目
his favorite subject 20.说英语
speak English 21.这些问题的简略答案
short answers to the questions 22.居住在加拿大的多伦多
live in Toronto, Canda 23.在中国
in China 24.一个非常有趣的国家
an interesting country
25.14岁
fourteen years old 26.在十一月 in November 27.一点法语 a little French 28.在英国和澳大利亚
in the United Kingdom and Australia 29.我喜欢和我的朋友们去看电影和做运动。
I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.30.在学校我最喜欢的科目
my favorite subject in school 31.太难
too difficult = too dear 32.你能尽快给我写信吗？
Can you write to me soon?
33.在学校
at school = in school 34.一部功夫片
an action movie 35.请写信告诉我你的情况。
Please write and tell me about yourself.1.邮局
post office
2.投币式公用电话
pay phone 3.在这附近near here = in the neighborhood
4.在中心街 on Center Street
5.在银行对面 across from the bank 6.在图书馆旁边
next to the library
7.在饭馆和超市之间
between the restaurant and the supermarket
8.在图书馆后面
behind the library
9.在邮局前面
in front of the post office
10.在第五林荫道 on Fifth Avenue 11.直走 go straight
12.沿着这条街直走。Go straight along this street.= Walk straight along this street.13.向左转 turn left
14.它在沿着桥街的右边.It’s down Bridge Street on the right.15.非常感谢。Thank you very much.= Thank you a lot.= Thanks very much.=Thanks a lot.16.不用谢。You’re welcome.That’s OK.=That’s all right.= It’s a pleasure.= Not at all.17.一个干净的公园
a clean park 18.一家旧旅馆 an old hotel
19.一条繁忙的街道 a busy street 20.欢迎到花园小区来
Welcome to the Garden District.21.欢迎到„„
Welcome to „.22.在第一林荫道向左转。Turn left on First Avenue.= Take the First Avenue on the left.23.在„„向„„转。
Turn ______(方向)at the ________(地点)。
Take the ______(地点)on the _____(方向)。
例：第二个拐弯处向左转。
Turn left at the second crossing(turning).Take the second turning on the left.24.享受城市的安静街道
enjoy the city’s quiet streets
25.来参观桥街
Come to visit Bridge Street
26.一个玩得高兴的地方
a place to have fun
27.弹吉他
play the guitar
28.到我家的路
the way to my house
29.乘出租车 take a taxi=catch a taxi=by taxi 30.从机场
from the airport 31.通过一家银行 pass a bank 32.走过这座公 go through the park walk through the park pass the park
33.歩行 talk a walk = walk 34.花园旅游的开始
the beginning of the garden tour 35.„„的开始
the beginning of the „„
这个故事的开始 the beginning of the story
这节课的开始
the beginning of the class 36.沿着„„走 go along„„=walk along„„
37.沿着„„向上走
go up „„.38.沿着„„向下走
go down„„.1.让某人做某事
let sb.do sth.例：让我们先看看熊猫吧。
Let’s see the pandas first.2.看一看
have a look = look
看看这本书
have a look at the book=look at the book 3.欢迎到„„来。Welcome to „„
例：欢迎到动物园来。Welcome to the zoo.4.想要做某事 Want to do sth.例：想要看狮子 want to see lions 5.有点有趣的 kind of interesting = a little interesting 6.一种„„
a kind of
一种动物
a kind of animals 7.南非
South Africa 8.什么动物
what animal 9.其它的什么动物what other animal
10.十二岁
twelve = twelve years old
11.一个十二岁的女孩 a twelve-year-old girl
12.和某人玩
play with„„
和她的朋友一起玩
play with her friends
13.喜欢做某事like doing=like to do=enjoy dong喜欢游泳 like swimming= like to swim=enjoy swimming
14.吃草
eat grass
15.请安静.Please be quiet.16.在白天
in the day=during the day
17.在夜晚
at night 18.吃树叶 eat leaves 19.起get up Unit 4
1.想当„„ want to be„„ 2.店员 shop assistant 3.银行职员bank clerk 4.电视台 TV station 5.警察局 police station 6.校园剧
school play
7.给这些人编号number the people 8.在那家饭馆 in that restaurant 9.我与人和钱打交道。
I work with people and money.10.把他们的钱交给我
give me their money = give their money to me
11.从我这取走他们的钱get their money from me
12.一件白色的制服
a white uniform
13.与人交谈
talk with people = talk to people
14.每天
every day
15.问他们问题 ask them questions 16.出去吃饭
go out to dinner 17.有点危险
kind of dangerous 18.在一家医院里in a hospital
19.谈论这些工作talk about the jobs 20.对„„感兴趣be interested in 21.我们可以为你提供一份服务员的工作。
We have a job for you as a waiter.22.打555-3937与艾尔的饭馆联系
Call Al’s Restaurant at 555-3937.23.写故事 write stories 24.想为一家杂志工作
want to work for a magazine 25.到我们这来作一名记者吧.Come and work for us as a report.26.打电话555-8823与卡伦联系
Call Karen at 555-8823.27.喜欢和其他年轻人一起工作
like to work with young people 28.想成为校园剧的一员
want to be in the school play
29.一所5-12岁的国际性质的学校
an international school for children of 5-12
30.想要某人做某事
want sb to do sth
例：想要一位体育老师教足球
want a PE teacher to teach soccer 1.看电视 watch TV 2.看书
read a book/ read books
3.看报read a newspaper read newspapers
4.看电影 watch a movie / watch movies
see a movie / see movies
5.做家庭作业 do homework
do one’s homework
做家庭作do my homework do his homework
6.吃晚饭 eat dinner=have dinner 7.吃早餐eatbreakfast=have breakfast
8.吃午餐
eat lunch=have lunch
9.用电话交谈 take on the phone 10.想去看电影 want to go to a movie 11.电视节目 TV show 12.写信 write a letter / write letters 13.写信给某人
write a letter to „
14.咱们六点钟去吧。Let’s go at six o’clock 15.等候„„ wait for„
例：等我 wait for me
等公共汽车 wait for the bus 16.和某人交谈
talk with sb / talk to sb
17.谈论„„ talk about „ 18.打篮球
play basketball 19.感谢„„.Thank you for„
例：感谢你的信和这些照片。
Thank you for your letter and the photo.20.我的一些照片
some of my photos 21.在第一张照片中 in the first photo 22.在池塘中
in the pool 23.在下一张照片中
in the next photo 24.在家 at home 25.在工作 at work 26.在最后一第照片中in the last photo 27.我和我的妹妹在一起。
I’m with my sister.28.一张我家的照片
a photo of my family
29.在这张照片中 in the picture 30.在图d中
in Picture d 31.看着„„
look at „ 32.跑开
run away 33.带着他的书包跑回来
run back with his backpack
34.打开他的书包
open his backpack 35.照相 take a photo/ take photos
36.照相
take a photo of„ 例:照两只鸟的像
take a photo of two birds(1)问天气：天气怎么样
What’s the weather like?
What does the weather look like?
How’s the weather?(2)问长相：他长什么样？
What’s he like? What does he look like?
2.在上海
in Shanghai 3.在北京 in Beijing 4.玩电子游戏 play computer games
5.问：情况怎么样How’s it going? It’s great./ It’s not bad./ It’s terrible.It’s pretty good.6.打电话时，常用语： 你是谁？
Who’s that?
我是鲍勃。
This is Bob.7.看望我的祖父visit my grandparent 8.开晚会，搞聚会
have a party 9.感谢你加入中央电视台的<环游世界>节目Thank you for joining CCTV’s Around The World show.10.在澳大利亚
in Australia 11.一个美丽的，晴朗的天气
a beautiful, sunny day 12.度假 on vacation 13.在沙滩上on the beach 14.看着正在打沙滩排球的这组人Look at this group of people playing beach volleyball 15.在这样热度中in this heat 16.一个非常有趣的地方
a very interesting place 一个有趣的地方
an interesting place 17.玩得很高兴，过得很快乐 have fun/
have a good time / have a nice time 18.听起来很可怕.That sounds terrible.问长相： be like=look like 例：(1)他长什么样？
What is he like?=What does he look like?(2)你长什么样？ What are you like?=What do you look like？ 2.注意区别：(1)他长什么样？ What is he like? 他长什么样？ What does he look like? 他喜欢什么？ What does he like?(2)你长什么样？ What are you like? 你长什么样？What do you look like? 你喜欢什么？What do you like? 3.短发 short hair 4.卷发 curly hair 5.长发 long hair 6.直发 straight hair 7.中等个子 medium height 8.中等身材 medium build 9.其中一个人 one of the people 10.在五班
in Class Five 11.一条红色的裙子
a red dress 12.白色的鞋子
white shoes 13.篮球队的队长 the captain of the basketball team 14.短直发 short straight hair
15.黄色的短卷发 short curly blonde hair 16.有点安静(内向)a little bit quiet /
a little quiet / kind of quiet 17.喜爱讲笑话 love to tell jokes 18.漂亮的长黑beautiful long black hair 19.停止谈论
shop talking(停止正在做的事)停下来去谈shop to talk(停下来去做另外一件事)20.棕色的卷发curly brown hair 21.他喜欢读书和下棋。
He likes reading and playing chess.22.我最喜欢的音乐家
my favorite musician 他最喜欢的科目 his favorite subject 她妈妈最喜欢的运动 her mother’s favorite sport 23.又高又瘦tall and thin 24.棕色的短卷发
short curly brown hair 25.这个戴着滑稽的眼睛和留着长卷发的流行歌手
the pop singer with funny glasses and long curly hair 26.一个新外貌
a new look 27.来自纽约的鲁思
Ruth from New York 28.去购物
go shopping 29.没人认识我。Nobody knows me.Unit 8
1.牛肉西红柿面
beef and tomato noodles 2.哪种面条
what kind of noodles
3.哪种分量的面条what size bowl of noodles 4.大份
a large bowl(of)例：一个大分面条
a large bowl of noodles 5.中份
a medium bowl(of)
6.小份
a small bowl(of)
7.注意区别：
(1)有几分/有点 kind of / a little / a little bit(2)一种
a kind of
这种
this kind of
各种
all kinds of
许多种many kinds of
三种
three kinds of
和蔼的，友好的kind = friend 8.哪种尺码
what size 或what sizes
9.有什么需要帮忙的吗？(你要买什么？)
Can I help you? / May I help you?/
What can I do for you? 10.鸡肉白菜面 chicken and cabbage noodles
11.羊肉鸡蛋面
mutton and egg noodles
12.我喜欢饺子，鱼和橘子汁。
I like dumplings, fish and orange juice.13.他不喜欢洋葱，绿茶和稀饭。
He doesn’t like onions, green tea or porridge.14.在这家饺子屋
at the House of Dumplings
15.一些很棒的特色菜some great specials
16.第一道特色菜
Special One= the first special 17.第二道特色菜15个才仅仅8元人民币。
Special 2 is only RMB 8 for 15.18.桔子汁饮料 orange juice drink 19.哪种甜食
what kind of dessert
20.什么分量的甜食 what size of dessert
21.一个中份面条a medium bowl of noodles 22.一个大份牛肉面 a large bowl of beef
23.一小份桔子汁a small orange juice Unit 9
1.做家庭作业 do my homework 2.踢球 play soccer / play football
3.打扫房间clean the room 4.去沙滩
go to the beach 5.打网球
play tennis 6.去看电影 go to the movies 7.上个周末 last weekend 8.星期六上午 on Saturday morning
9.星期天下午on Sunny afternoon 10.看望我的姑姑 visit my aunt 11.为数学考试而学习study for math test
12.看电视
watch TV 13.你的周末怎么样？How was your weekend? 14.弹吉他
Play the guitar 15.学习地理
study geography
16.一张愉快的脸 a happy face 17.一张不高兴的脸 an unhappy face
18.过周末
spend the weekend 19.上周 last week 20.第三中学的十个学生
ten students at No.3 Middle School
ten students of No.3 Middle School 21.对大多数学生来说 for most students 22.看电影
watch a movie / see a movie 23.呆在家里
stay at home 24.在星期天
on Sunny 25.在星期天上午on Sunny morning 26.在上午
in the morning 27.在星期五晚上 on Friday night 28.一个繁忙的周末a busy weekend 29.为我煮饭
cook dinner for me 30.看一本关于历史的书
read a book about history 31.一个有趣的谈话节目
an interesting talk show 32.写一首新歌write a new song 33.练习我的吉他
practice my guitar 34.每个人喜欢他们的周末
Everyone enjoys their weekends.35.去散步go for a walk=walk 36.晴天a nice day / a fine day /
a sunny day / a beautiful day 37.坐下 sit down
38.观看汪汪和一条友好的黑猫玩耍
watch Wang Wang play with a friendly cat
观看某人做某事 watch sb do sth 例：观看他们踢足球
watch them play soccer 39.该„„了。(„„的时间到了。)
It’s time to … / It’s time for…
例：该回家了。It’s time to go home.It’s time for home。
该上课了。It’s time to have a class.It’s time for class.40.寻找他的狗
look for his dog
注意区别：看着 look at 寻找look for
41.他没有狗和家人。
He has no dog and no family.=He doesn’t have a dog and family.42.看起来很累 look tired 43.在电脑上踢足球
play soccer on my computer
44.观看一部练习碟 watch an exercise video
45.听棒球比赛
listen to the baseball game 1.度假 on vacation 2.纽约市
New York City 3.去夏令营 go to summer camp
4.参观博物馆 visit museums 5.为考试而学习study for exams
study for tests 6.很棒的天气 great weather 7.整天 all day
8.我们在水里玩得开心极了。
We had great fun playing in the water.做某事过得很开心
have fun doing 例： 游泳过得很开心
have fun swimming
9.我发现一个小男孩正在拐角处哭。
I found a small boy crying in the corner.发现某人正在做某事
find sb doing sth
例：我发现吉姆在打扫教室。
I find Jim cleaning the classroom.发现某人经常做某事
find sb do sth
例：我发现吉姆常打扫教室。
I often find Jim clean the classroom.10.我帮助他找到他的父亲。
I helped him find his father.帮助某人做某事
help sb do sth help sb to do sth help sb with sth 例：帮助我学习英语
help me learn English help me to learn English help me with my English
11.那使我感到非常高兴。
That made me feel very happy.叫某人做某事/ 命令某人做某事 make sb do…
例：叫我买一些肉
make me buy some meat
12.观看某人做某事 watch sb do sth
看见某人做某事
see sb do sth 看见某人正在做某事 see sb doing sth
听见某人做某事 hear sb do sth 听见某人正在做某事
hear sb doing sth
发现某人做某事
find sb do sth
发现某人正在做某事
find sb doing sth
13.走回旅店 walk back to the
hotel 14.我们决定去打网球。We decided to play tennis.决定做某事
decide to do sth 例：决定买一本书
decide to buy a book 15.晚餐我们吃四川食物。We have Sichuan food for dinner.16.在你回家的路上 on your way home 17.想要出去
want to go out(1)你认为游戏节目怎么样？
What do you think of game shows? How do you like game shows?(2)想起，记起/ 对„„的看法 think of 2.谈话节目talk show 3.肥皂剧
soap opera 4.体育节目 sports show 5.情景喜剧 situation comedy 6.游戏节目sports show7.实际上 in fact 8.今日英语 English Today 9.体育新闻 Sports News 10.健康之路 Healthy Living 11.中国文化 Culture China 12.中国烹饪 Chinese Cooking 13.动物 Animal World 14.欢迎收看9点钟的周末谈话节目。
Welcome to 9 o’clock Weekend
Talk.15.和某人交谈
talk to sb / talk with sb 16.一个十三岁的男孩
a thirteen-year-old boy 区别： 这个男孩十三岁。
This boy is thirteen years old.17.„„怎么样What about„?/ How about „? 18.煮饭是妈妈们收看的节Cooking is
for moms.19.感谢加入我们的节目。
Thank you for joining us.感谢 / 谢谢„„
Thank you for „ 例：(1)感谢你的信.Thank you(very much)for your letter.谢谢你的笔。Thank you(a lot)for your pen.谢谢你的帮忙。Thanks(very much)for your help.(2)感谢你教我们数学。
Thank you(very much)for teaching us math.感谢你帮助我Thanks(a lot)for helping me.感谢你写信给我Thank you(a lot)for writing
to me.20.实话实说Tell it like it is!21.每样东each thing 22.就时尚这个问题询问学生
ask students about fashion 23.给每个学生看六样东西
show each student six things= show six things to each student
给某人看某物 show sb sth = show sth to sb
例：给我看一本书
show me a book=show a book to me
24.他们中的一些答some of their answers
25.他们的好恶 their likes and dislikes
26.适合于妈妈级的It’s for moms.27.她最好的 her best friend 28.最酷的东西
the coolest thing 29.喜欢看你的“什么是酷？”这篇文章。
I enjoyed reading your “What’s cool ” article.30.在学校杂志中
in the school magazine
31.问我这个问题
ask me the question
32.你愿意把我的信放在下个月的杂志中吗？
Can you please put my letter in next month’s magazine?
你愿意做某事吗？
Can you please do „?
例：你愿意打扫教室吗？
Can you please clean the classroom?
33.我不能忍受老年人不能漂亮这种看法。
34.I can’t stand the ides that old people can’t be beautiful.35.我想年轻、漂亮。
I want to be young and beautiful 36.关于我的外貌我喜欢赞美的语言。
I enjoy nice words about my looks.37.我不介意年轻人怎样看我。
I don’t mind what young people think of me!
38.哪种电视节目 what kind of TV shows
肯定祈使句：
Listen to music in the music room
Eat in the dining hall
Practice your guitar every day.否定祈使句：(1)Don’t arrive late for class.Don’t run in the hallways.Don’t eat in class.(2)No talking.=Don’t talk.No listening to music.No eating food.=Don’t eat food.2.课堂上，上课时 in class 3.上课迟 arrive late for school= be late for school„迟到
arrive late for „ =be late for„ 4.在走廊上 in the hallways 5.在外面听音乐 listen to music outside 6.在教室里 in the classroom 7.戴一顶帽子
wear a hat 8.在饭厅吃饭 in the dining ha 9.在你们学校
in your school 10.在学校 at school = in school 11.穿一件制服 wear a uniform 12.不得不，必have to = must 13.打扫教室clean the classroom 14.体育课 P.E.class = gym class 15.放学后 after school 16.出去
go out 17.上学期间晚on school nights 18.每天
every day 19.每天早上 every morning 20.练习你的吉他 practice your guitar 21.太多的规则 too many rules 22.在我家 in my house 23.十点钟之前我必须上床睡觉。
I have to be in bed by ten o’clock.24.在周末
on weekends 在工作日，在平时 at weekdays 25.洗我的衣服 wash my clothes 26.帮我妈妈做晚饭 help my mom 39.欢迎参加这个节目。Welcome to make dinner
the show.27.稍后我必须去少年宫学弹钢琴。
Later I have to go to the children’s palace to learn the piano.28.我从没一点快乐I never have any fun.29.我能干什么呢？
What can I do?
30.图书馆规章制度
Library Rules
31.在电话上大声交谈talk loudly on the phone
32.看电视到很晚watch TV late 33.骑我的自 ride my bike 1.帮助某人做某事help sb do sth help sb to do sth
help sb with sth 1.想要某人做某事want sb to do sth
2.想要做某事
want to do = would like to do
3.让某人做某事let sb do sth
4.要求某人做某事 ask sb to do sth
5.叫/喊/命令某人做某事 make sb do sth
6.把某物给某人
give sb sth = give sth to sb
7.给某人看某物 show sb sth = show sth to sb
第四篇：七年级英语下册 unit5单元测试 人教新目标版
新目标英语七年级(下)第5单元测试
I.将下列短语译成英语：
1.看报纸 ______ ___________ 1.看电视 ________ ____ 3.写信 ________ ____ _______ 4.谈论 ______ ________ 5.等候 ________ _____ 6.打扫房间 ________ _____ ______ 7.在电话中交谈 _______ ____ _____ ________ 8.听起来不错 ________ _______ 9.我的一张全家福
____ ________ ____ _____ __________
10.游泳池 ___________ _____ 11.电视节目 _____ ________ 12.拍照 _______ _________ II.根据句意及首字母提示完成句子，补全单词：
1.We should c our class room every day.2.Mr.Wang enjoys r newspaper in the morning.3.I am s that nobody knows me at the party.4.The sun rises(升起)in the east(东方)and goes down(落下)in the w.5.Many parents are w for their children at the school gate(大门).6.They will(将要)have many a during(在……期间)the spring festival.7.He didn’t take any photos because he lost(丢失)his c.8.Be careful, or you will fall into(掉进)the p and get wet.(弄湿)9.Now people can’t kill(杀死)any b , so you can see them flying in the sky and singing in the trees.10.We make t(玩具)in the factory for children from 1 to 5 years old.III.用所给单词的适当形式填空：
1.Look！They ____________(sing)over there.2.He is _________(listen)to the music.3.Listen!Who ___________(read)in the next room? 4.It’s nine o’clock, and they ____________(have)classes.5.Do you want _________(watch)TV? 6.In the ________(two)photo, he’s playing soccer.7.She doesn’t like _____(she)father.8.Three _________(child)are having lunch.9.He enjoys ________(run).10.Here ______(be)two photos for you.IV.用所给动词的适当形式填空：
1.The little boy __________(eat)a big apple now.2.Look!Dave and Mary ___________(dance).3.—____ he _________(watch)TV? —No, he isn’t.4.She ___________(not do)her homework.She’s reading.5.It’s seven in the morning.Mr Black ___________(have)breakfast.6.Lily likes _________ very much.She _______ very well.She can _______ English songs.(sing)7.My brother __________(take)a shower now(洗澡).8._____ Bob __________(swim)now?
用心
爱心
专心 9.—What _____ the children _______?(do)—They are reading.10.—What is Mike doing? —He __________(run).V.选择填空：
()1.This TV ____ is interesting.A.movie B.shop C.sport D.show()2.My mother is ____ cakes.She often ____ cakes for us.A.make , making B.making, makes C.do, doing D.doing, does()3.My parents are ____ TV now.A.reading B.looking C.watching D.seeing()4.—What does your mother do? —She is ____.A.reading B.in the factory C.a teacher D.from the USA()5.Don’t talk here.Grandparents ____.A.sleep B.is sleeping C.are sleeping D.sleeping()6.Look!Who is ____ in the pool? A.swims B.swimming C.swiming D.swim()7.My brother and I ____ at school.A.am B.is C.are D./()8.—Is Ann ____ American girl? —No, she isn’t.She’s ____ English girl.A.a, an B.an, a C.a, a D.an, an()9.One of my classmates ____ from France.A.is B.are C.am D.come()10.—____ does the musician play the guitar? —In the park.A.What B.How C.Where D.Which()11.They play football ____ Saturday morning.A.on B.in C.at D.for()12.—____ the young woman playing the piano? —Yes, she ____.A.Is, is B.Does, does C.Is, does D.Does, is()13.Here ____ four ____ of my family.A.is, photo B.are photoes C.are, photos D.is, photos()14.Thanks for ____ me.A.help B.helps C.helping D.to help()15.It’s six o’clock in the afternoon.Mr.and Mrs.Green are ____ dinner.A.eating B.doing C.talking D.waiting()16.Here is a photo ____ my family.There are five people ____ my family.A.of, in B.of, of C.for, in D.about, of()17.—Is Mary eating dinner? —____.She’s writing a letter.A.No, she doesn’t B.Yes, she is C.No, she isn’t D.Yes, she does()18.—Where are they playing soccer? —At ____.A.the school B.school C.the pool D.the mall()19.____ your beautiful gift(礼物)for my birthday.A.Thank you B.Thank for C.Thanks you for D.Thanks for()20.—Do you want to go to the movies? —____.A.That sound good B.It sounds good
用心
爱心
专心 C.That sounds great D.It sound boring()21.Are you ____ a bus? A.wait B.waiting C.wait for D.waiting for()22.—Let’s go to the fashion show(时装表演).—____.A.Great.When are we going? B.That sounds boring.Let’s go C.Good.Where are you going? D.Sure, I want to watch TV()23.Look.Here are ____ my photos.A.some B.some of C.many D.much of VI.按要求转换句型：
1.I’m doing my homework.(变一般疑问句)_____ you doing _______ homework? 2.Alice is writing a letter.(对划线部分提问)______ ____ Alice _______? 3.She often plays the violin.(用now 替换often)She _____ _________ the violin now.4.Li Lei does his homework in the evening.(变否定句)Li Lei _______ ____ his homework in the evening.5.This TV show is boring.(对划线部分提问)______ ____ this TV show? 6.The students are waiting for their teachers.(对划线部分提问)_____ are the students ________ for? 7.You can see a bird in the tree.(对划线部分提问)______ _____ you see in the tree? VII.交际用语搭配，从B栏中找出A栏问句的答语：
A B()1.What language do you speak? A.Canada.()2.How are you? B.Yes, I am.()3.Where are you from? C.No, he doesn’t.()4.Are you watching TV? D.Fine, thank you.()5.Does your brother have a toy plane? E.French.VIII.完成句子：
1.他们正在和谁谈话？ ______ are they _______ to? 2.我妈妈正在车站等我。My mother _____ ________ _____ me ____ the station.3.谢谢你的来信。________ _____ your letter.4.看！王先生正在公园拍照。Look!Mr.Wang _____ ________ photos in the park.5.这里有我的一些照片。Here ______ some of _____ _________.6.人们正在跳舞。The people ______ __________.7.你们在谈论什么？ What are you _________ ________? 8.那听起来是个好主意。That _________ a good idea.9.不要进来，我们正在打扫房间。Don’t come in.We ______ _________ the room.10.玛丽没在学习英语，她正在写信。Mary ______ _________ English.She ____ ________ a letter.IX.完形填空：
Here is a picture 1 a park.You 2 see many boys and girls in the park.3 are some trees in the park.4 there are 5 flowers.Some birds are 6 in the 7.There are some old 8.They are sitting at the table.They are 9 tea and talking.Two young people 10 near them.用心
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专心()1.A.of B.about C.for D.in()2.A.aren’t B.can C.do D.are()3.A.These B.Here C.There D.They()4.A.And B.But C.Or D./()5.A.some B./ C.much D.any()6.A.singing B.run C.dance D.sing()7.A.flowers B.park C.trees D.flower()8.A.man B.men C.woman D.mans()9.A.eating B.drink C.eat D.drinking()10.A.stand B.standing C.are standing D.stands X.阅读理解：
(A)It’s Sunday today.The Blacks are all at home.Mrs Black is in the kitchen(厨房).She is making cakes.Mr Black is in the living room(客厅).He is sitting in a chair and reading a book.Tom is in the garden with Mike.Mike is Tom’s classmate and good friend.They are playing soccer.Where is Sue? Oh, she and her friend Ann, are in her bedroom.They are watching TV now.根据短文内容选择正确答案。
()1.There are ____ people in Mr Black’s family.A.three B.four C.six D.seven()2.Who is in the kitchen? A.Sue’s mother B.Ann’s mother C.Tom’s father D.Ann’s father()3.What is Mr Black doing? A.Watching TV B.Playing soccer C.Reading a book D.Swimming()4.____ are playing in the garden.A.Tom and Sue.B.Tom and Mike C.Ann and Mike D.Sue and Mike()5.Which is RIGHT? A.Mike and Tom are in the same class.B.Sue and Ann are watching TV in Ann’s bedroom.C.Mike’s mother is making cakes.D.Tom is very clever.(B)It is cloudy.Zhang Qiang flies his kite on the playground.He is very happy.But it is raining now.He can’t fly his kite.His shirt and trousers are wet.He doesn’t want to go home.Ten minutes later, the sun is shining.It is warm now and Zhang Qiang has a good idea.He takes off his wet clothes and ties them to the long string of the kite.He flies his kite and clothes.So they are dry(干的).He puts on and there is a smile on his face.What a clever boy.()1.Zhang Qiang ____ on the playground.A.flies his kite B.flies his plane C.runs D.plays()2.Zhang Qiang wears ____.A.a shirt and trousers B.a shirt and shoes C.a skirt and trousers D.a skirt and
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专心 shoes()3.Zhang Qiang ties his wet clothes ____ to make them dry.A.to a tree B.on his head C.to the kite string(线)D.to his arm()4.It is ____ that day.A.rainy, foggy(雾)and sunny B.cloudy, rainy and foggy C.cloudy, foggy and sunny D cloudy, rainy and sunny()5.Zhang Qiang is a ____ boy.A.lazy(懒)B.good-looking C.clever D.tall XI.改错：(将错误项的序号填入前面括号，在横线上订正)()_____________ 1.Jim has funny and outgoing(外向).A B C D()_____________ 2.Mary is a tall girl and long black hair.A B C D()_____________ 3.Kim is a exchange(交换)student in China.A B C D()_____________ 4.Be careful!There are a little water on the floor.A B C D()_____________ 5.He like to tell interesting stories after class.A B C D()_____________ 6.What was your weekend? A B C D()_____________ 7.There is a few students in the classroom.A B C D()_____________ 8.Anna, would you like to dance? Oh, I’d love.A B C D()_____________ 9.I have a few time for reading.A B C D()_____________ 10.I’m friendly at my workmates(同事).A B C D.用心
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专心 5
新目标英语七年级(下)第5单元测试参考答案
I.将下列短语译成英语：
1.read newspaper 2.watch TV 3.write a letter 4.talk about 5.wait for 6.clean the room 7.talk on the phone 8.sound good 9.a photo of my family 10.swimming pool 11.TV show 12.take photos II.根据句意及首字母提示完成句子，补全单词：
1.clean 2.reading 3.sure 4.west 5.waiting 6.activities 7.camera 8.pool 9.birds 10.toys III.用所给单词的适当形式填空：
1.are singing 2.listening 3.is reading 4.are having 5.to watch 6.second 7.her 8.children 9.running 10.are IV.用所给动词的适当形式填空：
1.is eating 2.are dancing 3.Is, watching 4.isn’t doing 5.is having 6.singing, sings, sing 7.is taking 8.Is, swimming 9.are, doing 10.is running V.选择填空：
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.C 11.A 12.A 13.C 14.C 15.A 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.D 20.C 21.D 22.A 23.B VI.按要求转换句型：
1.Are, your 2.What is, doing 3.is playing 4.doesn’t do 5.How is 6.Who, waiting 7.What can VII.交际用语搭配，从B栏中找出A栏问句的答语： 1.E 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.C VIII.完成句子：
1.Who, talking 2.is waiting for, at 3.Thanks for 4.is taking 5.are, my photos 6.are dancing 7.talking about 8.sounds 9.are cleaning 10.isn’t learning, is writing IX.完形填空：
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.A 7.C 8.B 9.D 10.C X.阅读理解：
(A)1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.A(B)1.A 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.C XI.改错：(将错误项的序号填入前面括号，在横线上订正)1.(A)has→is 2.(C)and→with 3.(A)a→an 4.(B)are→is 5.(A)like→likes 6.(A)What→How 7.(A)is→are 8.(D)love→love to 9.(B)a few→a little
10.(C)at→to
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第五篇：七年级英语下册_Unit7_Its_raining教案_人教新目标版
Unit 7It’sraining.一.教学目标
1.知识目标
1． 让学生记住下面的单词：
rain , snow , cloudy , windy , cold , hot , cool , warm , humid , cooking
2． 让学生掌握下面的句型：
（1）How’s the weather like? / What’s the weather like?It’s raining.（2）What’re you/they doing?We’re/They’re watching TV.（3）What’s he/she doing?He’s/She’s cooking.（4）Is Aunt Sarah there?Yes, she is.2.能力目标
1.能够用所学的单词和句型对天气情况进行询问和描述。
2.学生学会使用现在进行时态。
3.情感目标
了解世界各地的天气情况和表达自己的观点。
二.教学重、难点分析
1.提醒学生在学习进行时态时，应注意谓语部分应为“be + doing”。学生常忽略“be”或“doing”。
2.参考《教师用书》中的文化背景，帮助学生正确理解“How’s it going?”的含义及回答。
3.注意提醒学生对天气提问的方式有两种： “ How’s the weather?” 和 “What’s the weather like?”
三.课文重、难点注释
Section A
1．(1a)It’s raining/snowing.其中“rain”和“snow”是动词，表达下雨和下雪。
2．(1c)用英语询问天气时, “weather”前一定要搭配定冠词；回答时用 “It’s…”
3．(3a)“How’s it going?”相当于“How’re you?”/ “How’s everything going?” 用于询问对
用心爱心专心 1
方近况如何。
Section B
1．(3a)thank you for…, 后接名词或动名词。表示“因……而感谢”；
on vacation 介词短语，不可作谓语。表示 “度假”；
on one’s head 表示“在某人的头上”，使用介词“on”；
five thousand years of history 表示“五千年的历史“，用英语表达一个明确数量时，单位词（百/千/万/百万/十亿）为单数。
2．(3b)take photos 表示“照相”；take a photo of…, 表示“照一张……的相片”。
3．(shelfcheck 3)What’s the weather like? 表示“天气怎样？”，其中“be like”表示“像”，“like”为介词。
四.教学建议
1.课时及内容建议
建议将本单元划分为五个课时：
第一课时（Section A 1a-1c）
第二课时（Section A 2a-3b）
第三课时(Section B 1a-2c)
第四课时(Section B 3a-4)
2.教学设计建议
注意:
1． 教师可根据教学目的和学生情况对教材调整，组合甚至删除；
2． 本单元表示天气的词汇较多，让学生首先会读，理解意思。在运用上应多动脑筋，创设情景，让学生大量进行口语练习，配合笔头训练。
3．本单元的话题较活跃，可和学生共创一些生动有趣的活动，提高英语兴趣，同时语
言融入现时生活中，激发学习欲望。
1)第一课时（1a~1c）（T：teacher , S：student）
步骤1 ：warming up and revision
教师做出各种学生熟悉的动作。（例如：read a book, play soccer…）
T：What’re you doing?S：I’m reading a book.步骤2 ： presentation
a.教师在黑板上画出代表各种天气特征的简笔画。（sunny, windy, cloudy, raining, snowing）
T：How’s the weather in chengdu?It’s Sunny.（如果外面是晴朗的）
S：It’s Sunny.（跟着教师重复）
教师可将句型“How is the weather ? It’s sunny.”写在黑板上。
学生通过教师的叙述和图片理解句意，并逐个跟老师学习新单词：sunny, windy,cloudy, raining, snowing（注意让学生明白：How is the weather?是“天气如何”；
It’s sunny.是晴朗的；It’s raining,是正在下雨。）
b.要求学生看着1a分的彩图，利用五大城市的天气特征进一步进行句型和单词学习和巩固。Sunny and warm, cloudy, windy and cool, raining and humid, snowing and cold, Toronto, Boston, Moscow
T: Look at the picture, Is it Beijing ?
How is the weather in Beijing ?
Oh, it’s sunny and warm.（板书）
学生认真跟读新单词及句型，边读边记，对划线部分进行替换。
步骤3 ：communicate with the dills
a.让学生在听力理解中巩固1a单词和句型
（1）将1a中的单词与图片配对。
（2）让“小老师“领读五个城市名。
（3）听对话，重复句型并且完成1b的要求。
b.学生朗读1c，通过自编对话交流重点句型（注意学生可以自由增加语言容量）
2)第二课时（2a~4）
步骤1 ：Conversation Practice
a.T: Look at the boy with glasses, what’s he doing ?
S: He’s talking on the phone.T: Yes, he is calling Lucy.要求学生描述每幅图中的人物正在做什么？
b.学生听对话，完成2b。
c.学生两人一组，仿照2c进行对话练习。
步骤2 ：Presentation
a.教师在黑板上画出各种表情的面孔，帮助学生理解其含意。
T：Look at the face, are you happy?
S：Yes, I am.T：How is it going?（板书）It’s great.利用“How’s it going ?”引出新单词“Pretty good”“ not bad”.注意引导学生积极动脑看画，分清程度的不同；讲解“How’s it going ?”=“How are you?”or“How is everything?”以及参考它的文化背景（见教参）
学生两人一组看图对话练习。
步骤3 ： commucation
a.两位同学大声朗读3b对话。
b.学生理解图意和句型，仿例练习。
(第四部分可根据自己的教学选用或省略。)
步骤4 ： Grammar Focus
a.大声朗读这些句型，进行英、汉互译。
b.注意How is =How’s
c.学生用现在进行时造句。
d.口语练习完，立即听写这些句型（也可安排课后进行）
3)第三课时（Section B 1a~2c）
步骤1 ： Presentation
在这部分将学习更多描述天气的单词（cool, cold, humid, hot, warm）；由于在section A的学习引入中已做了铺垫，可以这样利用对话引入:
T: Look at picture c, it’s Chengdu.How is the weather in Chengdu ?
S: It’s sunny.T: Is it warm?
S: No, it isn’t.It’s hot.T: Yes, it’s hot and humid.教师可根据每幅图片的特点，在图片下写出城市或国家名，鼓励学生模仿教师的对话，进行对话交流。
步骤2 ： Practice
a.教师放出一段电话铃声，说明Maria正在和Sam通电话，学生继续听，了解到Maria
远在墨西哥。
b.学生朗读表格上的问题，明确听力任务。
c.学生听对话，完成2a,2b表格（教师可多循环放几遍录音）
d.学生分组利用听力内容做对话练习。
4)第四课时（3a~4）
步骤1 ：: Presentation
教师在黑板上画出埃及的金字塔，头带围巾的埃及人和骆驼及太阳。
T: I’m a reporter from CCTV.Thank you for joining CCTV’s Around the World Show.There are many people here on vacation.Some are taking photos, others are riding camels.What are the Egyptians wearing?
S: They’re wearing a scarf.T: Yes, they’re wearing a kind of scarf on their heads.What am I doing? I’m looking at five thousand years of history.教师应设计出一个海外采访的情景，学生在这个语言情景中理解和学习新语言（taking photos, riding camels, wearing a kind of scarf, looking at five thousand years of history）
步骤2 ：学生看着3b的图片，描述人们正在做什么。（drinking in the restaurant, singing in the
park, playing soccer and taking photos of Eiffel Tower）
T: Is it France?Is it cold in France?
S: Yes, it is.T: It’s cold.It’s winter in France.How’s the weather?What’re they wearing?
The people are having a good time.What’re they doing?
步骤3 ：学生看图，根据上下文填写并且在四人小组内交流，朗读。
步骤4 ：writing practice
将3c作为作业练习布置给学生。
5.可根据学生的情况，采用各种方式处理一、二部分；
步骤1 ：引入
T：YuanYuan from CCTV is interviewing people from all over the world.Please look at the pictures and answer these questions:
Q1: What is the weather like?
Q2: What are they doing?
步骤2 ：学生观察图片，完成表格中的内容，并两人一组进行问答。（在这部分练习中，学
生要掌握询问天气的另一种方式：“What’s the weather like?”并观察与“How’s the weather?”在表达上的区别；同时教师应介绍西方国家习惯以天气为寒喧开始的习俗。）步骤3 ：让学生自行阅读“Just for fun”
3.任务型活动设计建议
根据本单元的教学目标——谈论天气和天气背景下能做什么，可设计这样的任务型活动：“我是‘环球’栏目主持人”
此活动为小组活动，学生课前在广播或电视中听英文天气预报，做好记录，制作天气标志和收集图片，以电视直播的形式，向全班同学介绍世界各地的天气状况以及季节和人们的活动。
教学反思
通过单元内容的整合，让课程面向学生生活世界。运用赏识策略培养学生合作意识和交际能力。采用歌曲﹑猜动作和天气﹑当气象员﹑打电话等活动途径，让学生积极有效参与，为学生提供充足的自主学习和合作学习的时间和空间，使学生在活动中互相影响，促进了语言实际运用能力的提高，同时关注了学生的情感，帮助他们建立成就感和自信心。增强了实践能力，展现了学生个性。
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