第一篇：2014年成人本科学位英语试题--定语从句综合练习
1.I will never forget the ten years ___ we both spent in the little village.A.when B.during which C.which D.in which 【答案】C。该题是定语从句。关系代词which在定语从句中做动词spent 的宾语。从句还原一下：we both spent ten years in the little village.2.My vacation begins next Tuesday, ___ I will leave for Florida.A.which B.that C.while D.when 【答案】D 从句意上可以判断该句后半部分是限定Tuesday 的定语从句，所以C项可以排除；在该定语从句中，先行词Tuesday在从句中作状语，应该是on Tuesday, 故引导定语从句可用on which或when。3.Before joining the army, he spent a lot of time in the village ___ he belonged.A.to which B.which C.to where D.at which 【答案】A。固定搭配belong to ：属于。因此选 to which。Where是连接副词不加介词。5.The moon is a world that is completely still and utter silence prevails.A.that B.where C.which D.whenever 【答案】B 这句话中world 带来两个定语从句，一是that is completely still“完全静止”，二是where utter silence prevails,“完全沉寂”，其中utter silence “完全的沉寂”，prevail v.“盛行，遍及”；这里必须用where 引导从句，是因为world 这个先行词在--utter silence prevails 中充当地点状语，where=in which,“在月球上';全句意为“月球是一个完全静止，完全沉寂的世界”。6.The tsunami(海啸)___ over 160,000 people were killed was a terrible disaster for human beings.A.of that B.among which C.during that D.in which 【答案】D.本题考查的是定语从句中关系词与介词的搭配使用。在海啸中丧生的搭配为dead in the tsunami, 因此应选D项，in which。
7.John isn't the same man before.A.what he was B.that he was C.who he was D.as he was 【答案】D the same....as...“跟....一样”，是固定搭配。
8.We’ve tested three hundred types of boot, ____ completely waterproof.A.no of which B.none of which C.some of that D.neither of which 【答案】B 可以判断该句为非限制性定语从句，而且引导词前有介词，指代物的引导词只能用which,而不能用 that。在这几个否定词中, none 表示对两个以上的事物的否定，neither 表示对两者的否定；它们都可以作代词，后面可以接单数，也可以接复数。no 不能作代词，不能在它的后面用介词。9.____ is well known, the key to success lies in hard work.A.As B.That C.Which D.What 【答案】A.本题考查的是固定搭配as is well known，众所周知的意思。
10.He has made another wonderful discovery, ____ of great importance to science.A.which I think it is B.of which I think it is C.I think which is D.which I think is 【答案】D 可判断句子为定语从句。有了which 指代discovery，就不应该再出现it；I think 作为插入语。
11.___ is known to all, too much smoking will cause lung cancer.A.That B.It C.As D.What 【答案】C 固定用法as is known to all：众所周知。本句的意思是：“众所周知，吸烟过多会引起肺癌。B 用于it is known to all that„句型。
12.The investigation, ___ will soon be published, was made by John.A.at which the results B.the results on which C.whose results D.at whose results 【答案】C 此句考查非限制性定语从句。C选项正确,whose在从句中作定语；whose results=the results of which =the results of the investigation,定语从句修饰investigation；B选项中的on改成of就对了。
13.______ is well-known, the environment in China is badly in need of improvement.A.It B.That C.As D.What 【答案】C此题考查的是as 引导的特殊定语从句。As is well known/ as is known to all/ as we all know：众所周知。
14.They overcame all the difficulties and fulfilled the plan ten days ahead of schedule, ____
was something we had not expected.A.that B.this C.it D.which 【答案】D 逗号后为非限制性定语从句，只能由which 或者who 引导，不能用 that。15.____ is well known, light, like heat, is a form of energy.A.It B.What C.Just as D.As 【答案】D句意为：“如我们所知，光跟热能一样是一种能量的形式。”as is well known 为非限定性定语从句，修饰整个主句，意为“如我们所知”；as 代表整个主句“光跟热能一样是一种能量的形式。”
文章来源：http:// 更多成考资源资料下载 完全免费
第二篇：定语从句综合练习2013
定语从句综合练习
1.“You can’t judge a book by its cover,” ______.A.as the saying goes oldB.goes as the old saying
C.as the old saying goesD.goes as old the saying
2.When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house _____ I would be staying.A.whatB.whenC.whereD.which
3.Many countries are now setting up national parks ________ animals and plants can be protected.A.whenB.whichC.whoseD.where
4.An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area __ interact with one another.A.thatB.whereC.whoD.what
5.We have launched another man-made satellite,is announced in today’s newspaper.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what
6.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, ______ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.when
7.Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012,made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true.A.itB.thatC.whatD.which
8.Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which
9.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ____ lives were affected.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which
10.________is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As
11.There is no simple answer, _____ is often the case in science.A.asB.thatC.whenD.where
12.Finally he reached a lonely island _________ was completely cut off from the outside world.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whom
12.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ________ are family members.A.themB.thatC.whichD.whom
13.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _______ they live.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.where
14.He wrote a letter ______ he explains what had happened in the accident.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.how
15.The children, ________ had played the whole day long, were worn out.A.all of whatB.all of whichC.all of themD.all of whom
16.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform ________ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.A.whatB.whereC.whenD.why
17.He may win the competition, ____________he is likely to get into the national team.A.in which caseB.in that case
C.in what caseD.in whose case
第三篇：2014年成人本科学位英语试题--时态、语态、语气综合练习
1.I’m sorry I couldn’t get in touch with him before he left, I ___ him earlier.A.had a telephone B.have phoned C.should have phoned D.should be phoned 【答案】C。should（ought to）+have+过去分词：表示对过去动作的责备、批评。You should have gone over your lessons.你们应把功课复习好。You shouldn’t have watched TV last night.你们昨天晚上不应该看电视。
2.Don’t you think it is time you ___ smoking? A.give up B.gave up C.would give up D.should give up 【答案】B It is time sb did sth：该是做某事的时候了，固定用法，句中的动词使用虚拟语气，用一般过去时表示。
3.I would have joined him in a picnic, but I _____ his company.A.will not like B.don’t like C.had not liked D.might not like 【答案】B本题的题干是一个表示虚拟的句子，但是后面的句子表示真实语气的。因此正确答案为B。本句的意思是：“我本来想参加他的野餐的，但是我不喜欢他的伙伴们。” 4.I wish you ___ to me before you went and bought that car.A.spoke B.will speak C.was going to speak D.had spoken 【答案】D 句中before后面的动作时过去时态，表明已经发生了，故B错；因“我希望（I wish）”发生的动作应该发生在before从句中的动作之前，所以选过去完成时态，故D正确。“wish+宾语从句”表示与过去事实的虚拟：sb wish that „ had done，表示“应该发生而实际没有发生的动作”。
5.___the advice of his friends, he would not have suffered such a heavy loss in his business.A.If he took B.If he should take C.Were he to take D.Had he taken 【答案】D 此句测试虚拟语气的用法。此句为和过去的事实相反的虚拟句，if省略，句子倒装。因此D最符合题意。本句的意思是：“如果他听了朋友们的劝告,他的生意就不会这么损失惨重。” 6.It’s vital that enough money _____ collected to get the project started.A.is B.be C.must be D.can be 【答案】B 此题考查虚拟语气的用法。形容词vital后面连接主语从句的时候要虚拟语气should+动词原形。
因此B为正确答案。
7.I am too busy these days.I would rather all of you ___ next month for a dinner.A.come B.would come C.came D.have come 【答案】C。would rather +句子（过去时）（虚拟语气）：I’d rather you didn’t tell anyone what I said.你最好别告诉任何人我所说的话。I’d rather you came with me.你还是和我一起来吧。8.I believe he ___ an accident, otherwise he would have arrived on time.A.would have had B.could have had C.should have had D.must have had 【答案】D 主语+must+have+过去分词，表示对过去事实的推测。The road is wet.It must have rained last night.路是湿的，昨晚肯定下雨了。I didn’t hear the phone.I must have been asleep.我没有听见电话玲响，我肯定是睡着了。
9.It’s urgent that a meeting _____ before the final decision is made.will be arranged B.must be arranged C.be arranged D.would be arranged 【答案】C It is(was)＋adj形容词/过去分词＋that„„结构中形容词后的主语从句用虚拟语气表示愿望、建议、请求、命令、可能、适当、迫切、重要等；should可省略。常用的形容词由natural, appropriate, advisable, preferable, better, necessary, important, imperative, urgent, essential, vital, probable, possible, compulsory, crucial, desirable等。
10.You have stayed at home for two days.It’s time you_____ for a walk.A.go out B.went out C.will go out D.would go out 【答案】B。虚拟语气。固定句型It’s time that+过去式。他说你在家呆了两天了，该是你出去散步了。11.Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people ____ the same language? A.spoke B.speak C.had spoken D.will speak 【答案】A do you think是主句，后面的部分是宾语从句，而宾语从句是一个包含if 条件状语从句的复合句；there would be判断, if从句中可以用一般过去时spoke，表示现在事实的虚拟。句意为;你如果认为人们都说同样的语言，世界上就会少些冲突吗？
12.The doctor advised that Mr.Malan ___ an operation right away so as to save his life.A.had B.would have C.have
D.was going to have 【答案】C advise 后面的宾语从句中要求使用虚拟语气，动词用（should）+do形式。13.Mary said to me, “Had I seen your bag, I ___it to you.” A.will return B.must return C.could return D.would have returned 【答案】D 此句测试虚拟语气的用法。因为题干中有句话had I seen your bag，表示和过去的事实相反的句子，if省略，因此D为正确答案。本句的意思是：玛丽对我说：如果我看见了你的书包，我会还给你的。14.Without heat and sunlight, plants on the earth_____ well.A.would not grow B.will not grow C.had not grown D.would not be grown 【答案】A 本题考查虚拟语气的用法。without引导含蓄的虚拟条件句,本句与现在的事实相反因此选A。又如：Without electricity，there would not be modern industry 如果没有电的话，就没有现代工业。15.It is desirable that he ___.A.gives up trying B.give up trying C.would give up trying D.is going to give up trying 【答案】B。句型It is desirable（suggested，necessary，requested，ordered，proposed，important）+that+主语+should（可省略）+V（动词原形）。因此本句选B。如：It is strange that he（should）go himself.真奇怪，他怎么自己独自去呢？
文章来源：http:// 更多成考资源资料下载 完全免费
第四篇：定语从句综合练习教案!
定语从句综合练习练习一
单项填空
从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。
1.Those _____ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A.learn
B.who
C.that
D.who learn
2.Anyone _____ this opinion may speak out.A.that againsts
B.that against
C.who is against
D.who are against
3.Mr.Smith is one of the foreign experts who _____ in China.A.works
B.is working
C.are working
D.has been working
4.Didn’t you see the man _____?
A.I nodded just now
B.whom I nodded just now
C.I nodded to him just now
D.I nodded to just now
5.Have you seen the girl _____?
A.that I told
B.I told you of
C.whom I told you
D.I told you of him
6.In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help.A.that
B.who
C.from whom
D.to whom
7.Can you lend me the novel _____ the other day?
A.that you talked
B.you talked about it
C.which you talked with
D.you talked about
8.The matter _____ you were arguing about last night has been settled.A.that
B.what
C.why
D.for which
9.They talked for about an hour of things and persons ____ they remembered in the school.A.which
B.that
C.who
D.whom
10.Who _____ has common sense will do such a thing?
A.which
B.who
C.whom
D.that
11.All the apples _____ fell down were eaten by the pigs.A.that
B.those
C.which
D.what
12.I’ll tell you _____ he told me last week.A.all which
B.what all
C.that all
D.all
13.This is the biggest laboratory _____ we have ever built in our school.A.which
B.what
C.where
D./
14.Is oxygen the only gas _____ helps fire burn?
A.that
B./
C.which
D.it
15.Is there anything _____ to you?
A.that is belonged
B.that belongs
C.that belong
D.which belongs
16.His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone _____ family was poor.A.that
B.which
C.who’s
D.whose
17.Please pass me the dictionary _____ cover is black.A.which
B.which of
C.its
D.whose
18.He is the only one of the boys who _____ the piano well.A.plays
B.play
C.playing
D.are playing
19.He asked me _____ I needed.A.that
B.which
C.what
D./
20.That scientist _____ work is successful has been made a model worker.A.which
B.who
C.who’s
D.whose
21.Is this the museum _____ you visited the other day?
A.that
B.where
C.in which
D.the one
22.Is this museum _____ some German friends visited last Wednesday?
A.that
B.where
C.in which
D.the one
23.—How do you like the book?
—It’s quite different from _____ I read last month.A.that
B.which
C.the one
D.the one what
24.The train _____ she was traveling was late.A.which
B.where
C.on which
D.in that
25.Antarctic _____ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.A.which
B.where
C.that
D.about which
26.It’s the third time _____ late this month.A.that you arrived
B.when you arrived
C.that you’ve arrived
D.when you’ve arrived
27.He often helps the students _____ he thinks are not quick at their studies.A.whom
B.who
C.when
D.because
28.I have bought the same dress _____ she is wearing.A.as
B.that
C.which
D.than
29.He is not _____ a fool _____.A.such；as he is looked
B.such；as he looks
C.as；as he is looked
D.so；as he looks
30.I will hire the man _____ they say is a good English speaker.A.who
B.what
C.which
D.whom
31.My father has made me _____ I am.A.who
B.which
C.what
D.that
32.He is my son, _____ a better son does not exist.A.but
B.than who
C.against whom
D.than whom
33.Wrestling is a sport _____ you try to get the other person down on the floor.A.that
B.where
C.which
D.in which
34.It was in the lab _______ was taken charge of by Prof.Harris ______ they did the
experiment.A.which；that
B.that；where
C.whom；that
D.which；where
35.Your shoes are _____.A.where they were
B.the place you put
C.in the corner that you put
D.there where they are 答案及解析：
1.选D。先行词是those, 在从句中作主语，不能省略关系代词，谓语动词用复数形式。
2.选C。against是介词，要与be动词连用；先行词是anyone, 谓语动词用单数形式。
3.选C。先行词是foreign experts, 谓语动词用复数形式。
4.选D。nod to表示“向某人点头”；定语从句的关系代词为whom或that, 在从句中作介词宾语，可以
省略。
5.选B。tell sb.of sth表示“告诉某人某事”，定语从句的关系代词为whom或that, 在从句中作介
词宾语，可以省略。
6.选D。turn to sb.for help表示“向某人求助”。关系代词在从句中作介词宾语。介词提到whom之
前。
7.选D。定语从句的关系代词为which或that, 在从句中作介词about的宾语，可以省略。
8.选A。先行词是物，关系代词在从句中作宾语。
9.选B。当先行词中既有人又有物时，定语从句用that引导。
10.选D。当定语从句的主句是who的疑问句时，定语从句用that引导。
11.选A。定语从句的先行词为不定代词时，定语从句用that引导。
12.选D。定语从句的先行词为不定代词时，定语从句用that引导；关系代词在从句中作宾语。可以省
略。
13.选D。当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，定语从句用that引导；关系代词在从句中作宾语，可以省
略。
14.选A。当先行词被the only修饰时，定语从句用that引导；关系代词在从句中作主语，不可以省
略。
15.选B。定语从句的先行词为不定代词时，定语从句用that引导；belong是不及物动词，不能用被动
语态。
16.选D。先行词是人，关系代词在从句中作定语，修饰family.17.选D。先行词是物，关系代词在从句中作定语，修饰cover.18.选A。先行词是the only one of the boys, 因此谓语动词用单数形式。
19.选C。主句中并没有先行词，本句为宾语从句。
20.选D。先行词是人，关系代词在从句中作定语，修饰work.21.选A。先行词是museum, 关系代词在从句中作宾语。
22.选D。把主句变成陈述句后可以看出主句中并没有先行词；加上一个the one作为先行词；关系代词
在从句中作宾语，可以省略。
23.选C。主句中缺少先行词，加上一个the one作为先行词；关系代词在从句中作宾语，可以省略。
24.选C。关系代词作介词宾语，介词可以提前。
25.选D。know about表示“知道……的情况”，关系代词作介词宾语，介词提到关系代词之前。
26.选C。当先行词被序数词修饰时，定语从句用that引导；It is the first/second/third time
that后面的从句要用现在完成时。
27.选B。he thinks是插入语，who在从句中作主语。
28.选A。当先行词被the same修饰时，定语从句用as引导。
29.选B。当先行词被such修饰时，定语从句用as引导；look是系动词，不能用在被动语态中。
30.选A。they say是插入语，who在从句中作主语。
31.选C。主句中并没有先行词，本句为宾语从句。
32.选C。against是介词，表示“与……对比”，提到了关系代词之前；than是连词，不能提前。
33.选D。关系代词作介词in的宾语，介词可以提前。
34.选A。本句是一个强调句，强调in the lab+ 用which引导的定语从句。
35.选A。there是副词，不能作为先行词，因此本句是一个表语从句。
练习二
单项填空
从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。1.This is the only one of the students _____ the truth.A.that knows
B.that know
C.who know
D.which knows
2.Do you know the girl _____?
A.whom he often talk to
B.to who he often talks
C.to that he often talks
D.he often talks to
3.The world _____ we live is made up of matter.A.on which
B.of which
C.at which
D.in which
4.There are no children _____ love their parents.A.that do not
B.who does not
C.that
D.who
5.I’m one of the boys _____ never late for school.A.that is
B.who are
C.who am
D.who is
6.Abraham Lincoln, _____ led the United States _____ these years, was _____ of the
greatest presidents.A.he；for；a
B.whom；in；one C.who；at；one
D.who；through；one
7.Who is the girl _____ wearing a red dress?
A.whose
B.that
C.whom
D.that’s
8.The old man _____ yesterday is a scientist.A.I spoke
B.I spoke to
C.whom I spoke
D.that I spoke to him
9.The young man _____ is an engineer of our factory.A.that you just talked
B.whom you just talked to
C.which you just talked to
D.who you just talked
10.The dictionary _____ is sold out in the bookshop.A.you need
B.what you need
C.which you need it
D.that you need it
11.Is this the shop _____ sells children’s clothing?
A.which
B.where
C.in which
D.what
12.Qingdao is the most satisfactory place _____ we’re going to visit.A.which
B.where
C.that
D.in which
13.The magazine _____ Betty paid one dollar was very good.A.that
B.which
C.for which
D.to which
14.The two things _____ they felt very proud were Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair.A.about which
B.of which
C.in which
D.for which
15.He was the man _____ Master of Game was translated.A.by whom
B.by who
C.by whose
D.by him
16.This is the factory _____ we visited last week.A.which
B.where
C.who
D.in which
17.Is this school _____ we are going to visit tomorrow?
A.which
B.that
C.where
D.the one
18.Ahead of me I saw a woman _____ I thought was my aunt.A.who
B.whom
C.of whom
D.whose
19.This is the key _____.A.which you are looking for
B.for which you are looking
C.for that you are looking
D.you are looking for which
20.The woman _____ is his mother.A.of whom he takes care
B.of that he takes care
C.he takes care of
D.whom he takes care
21.He reached London in 1994, _____, some time later, he became a famous actor.A.when
B.where
C.which
D.who
22.Such things _____ you described are rare now.A.as
B.who
C.which
D.that
23.In those days, he would go to Mr.Black and his family, _____.A.where he was treated as part of them B.for whom it was kind
C.with whom he had a wonderful time D.that was the most pleasant part of his life
24.Which sentence is wrong?
A.The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth.B.Do you know the boy who jumped onto the platform?
C.Science and new technology have made it possible for farmers to produce more food on
the same amount of land.D.People in ancient times took it for granted that the sun moved round the earth.25.The Second World War _____ millions of people were killed ended in 1945.A.when
B.during that
C.in which
D.which
26.He was born in the year _____ the Anti-Japanese War broke out.A.which
B.when
C.on which
D.during which
27.We are going to spend the Spring festival in Guangzhou, _____ live my grandparents and
some relatives.A.which
B.that
C.who
D.where
28.Is that the reason _____ you are in favor of the proposal?
A.which
B.what
C.why
D.for that
29.Some of the roads were flooded, _____ made our journey more difficult.A.which
B.it
C.what
D.that
30.He must be from Africa, _____ can be seen from his skin.A.that
B.as
C.who
D.what
31.Mr.Wu, _____ everybody likes, is going to give us a talk on chemistry.A.whom
B.that
C.which
D./
32.The general at last got a chance to visit the village _____ he used to fight, _____ he
had been dreaming of for years.A.that； which
B.where； that C.in which； what
D.where； which
33.He has to work on Sundays, _____ he does not like.A.and which
B.which
C.and when
D.when
34.Is there a restaurant around _____ I can have something to eat?
A.when
B.that
C.where
D.which
35.As many members _____ were present agreed to the plan.A.who
B.that
C.which
D.as 答案及解析：
1.选A。the only one of the students是先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用单数。
2.选D。关系代词为whom或者that, 在从句中作介词宾语，可以省略。
3.选D。介词in与live搭配，提到关系代词之前。
4.选A。children是先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用复数。
5.选B。boys是先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用复数。
6.选D。who引导非限制性定语从句；through表示“经过”。
7.选D。that’s是定语从句的主语和谓语动词。
8.选B。关系代词为whom或者that, 在从句中作介词to的宾语，可以省略。
9.选B。关系代词作介词宾语，介词不可省略。
10.选A。关系代词为that或者which, 在从句中作宾语，可以省略。
11.选A。先行词是shop, 关系代词在从句中作主语。
12.选C。当先行词被形容词最高级修饰的时候，定语从句用that引导。
13.选C。介词for与paid搭配，提到关系代词之前。
14.选B。介词of与felt proud搭配，提到关系代词之前。
15.选A。介词by与translated搭配，提到关系代词whom之前，不能提到who之前。
16.选A。先行词是factory, 关系代词在从句中作宾语。
17.选D。把主句变成陈述句后可以看出主句中并没有先行词；加上一个the one作为先行词；关系代词
在从句中作宾语，可以省略。
18.选A。I thought是插入语，who在从句中作主语。
19.选A。look for是动词短语，因此介词不能提前。
20.选C。take care of是动词短语，因此介词不能提前，可以省略关系代词。
21.选B。先行词是London, 并不是时间，因此用where引导定语从句。
22.选A。当先行词被such修饰的时候，要用as引导定语从句。
23.选C。Mr.Black and his family看作是人，应该用whom引导定语从句。
24.选A。it多余，省略掉的关系代词which在从句中作put的宾语。
25.选C。the Second War应该看作事件而不是时间，因此要用which引导定语从句。
26.选B。year作先行词，从句用when引导。
27.选D。先行词是地点，where在从句中作状语，为倒装语序。
28.选C。reason作先行词，从句用why引导。
29.选A。非限制性定语从句用which引导。
30.选B。as引导的非限制性定语从句表示“正如……”。
31.选A。whom引导的非限制性定语从句，whom在句中作宾语。
32.选D。第一个定语从句中where作状语；第二个非限制性定语从句中which作dream of的宾语。
33.选B。先行词是前面整个一句话。
34.选C。around是副词，并不是介词提前；先行词是地点，用where引导从句。
35.选D。当先行词被as修饰的时候，要用as引导定语从句。
第五篇：定语从句专项练习
定语从句
一、定义及相关术语
1.定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语称为定语。汉语中常用„……的‟表示。定语主要由形容词担任，此外名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式（短语）、分词也可以做定语。
注意：汉语的定语无论多长都放在被修饰词的前面，而英语中的定语则不然，是一个词时，放在被修饰词的前面，若是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后面，thirty women teachers;the girl in red.the boy from America Our monitor is always the first student to enter the classroom.falling leaves;fallen leaves;the boy playing basketball;the book bought by my mother;a reading room;He is the man who you are looking for.2．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
He likes the students who/that work hard.3．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。(因为出现在定语从句前面，即先于定语从句出现，故而得名先行词)4．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等； 关系副词有when, where, why.关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句，连接主从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
5.定语从句的基本结构为：先行词 + 关系代/副词 + 陈述语序句子
二、关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who 指人，在定语从句中做主语,不能省略;作宾语，可以省略(常用whom)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.2.whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
Mr.Liu is the person(whom)you talked about on the bus.注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。The man(whom / who)you met just now is my old friend.3．which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。可引导非限定性定语从句。Football is a game which is liked by most boys.The film(which)they went to see last night was not interesting at all.4．that 既可指人，也可指物。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。不引导非限定性定语从句
The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.Where is the man（that / whom）I saw this morning? The season that / which comes after spring is summer.Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia.5．whose 既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语, 表示所属关系.I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country.He has a friend whose father is a doctor.I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in.注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：
The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?
三、关系副词引导的定语从句 1．when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。当先行词是表时间的名词，比如time, day, week, month, year等；且定语从句中缺时间状语时用when.(when =介词 + which.)若先行词是表时间的名词，定语从句中缺主语或宾语时，用that/which引导。She will never forget the day when(=on which)she was married I still remember the day when I first came to this school.The time when we got together finally arrived.Do you remember the years when he lived in the countryside with his grandparent？ Do you remember the days（that/which）we spent together last year? I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together.I will never forget the days(that / which)we spent together.2．where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。若先行词是表地点的名词，比如park, city, farm, place等；且定语从句中缺地点状语时用where.(where = 介词 + which)。若先行词是表地点的名词，定语从句中缺主语或宾语时，用that/which引导。I want to know the place where(= in which)I was born.Shanghai is the city where I was born.The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.I visited the farm where a lot of cows were raised.Shanghai is the city(which/that)I want to visit.I know a place where we can have a picnic.I know a place which / that is famous for its beautiful natural scenery.3．why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。若先行词是reason, 且定语从句中缺原因状语时，用why引导（why=for which）。若先行词是reason，定语从句中缺主语或宾语，用which/that引导。
Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.I don‟t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.I didn‟t believe the reason(that/which)he explained to me
注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。From the years when / in which he was going to primary school in the country he had known what he wanted to be when he grew up.Great changes are taking place in the city where / in which they live.The reason why / for which he refused the invitation is quite clear.四、“介词+关系代词which/whom”引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。The school(which / that)he once studied in is very famous.The school in which he once studied is very famous.Tomorrow I‟ll bring here the magazine(which / that)you asked for.Tomorrow I‟ll bring here the magazine for which you asked.This is the boy(whom / who / that)I played tennis with yesterday.This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday.We‟ll go to hear the famous singer(whom / who / that)we have often talked about.We‟ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.The manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions.The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions.注意：１． 含有介词的固定短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。
This is the watch(which / that)I am looking for.(正)This is the watch for which I am looking.(误)The babies(whom / who / that)the nurse is looking after are very healthy.(正)The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy.（误）
２．若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who, that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。
The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour.(正)The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbour.(误)The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable.(正)The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable.(误)３．“介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词。如：
He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which are about country life.五、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
根据从句与主句的关系是否紧密来区分，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两大类。
(一)限制性定语从句
形式上：不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。
意义上：是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。译法上：译成先行词的定语：“．．．的”
关系词的使用上：A．作宾语时可省略 B．可用that C．可用who 代替whom(二)非限制性定语从句
形式上：用逗号“，”与主句隔开。
意义上：只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。译法上：通常译成主句的并列句。
关系词的使用上：A．不可省略 B．不用that C．不可用who 代替whom
另外，关系副词when和where既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句；但关系副词why则只能引导限制性定语从句，不能引导非限制性定语从句。
In the street I saw a man who was from Africa.The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.Last summer I visited the People‟s Great Hall, in which many important meetings are held every year.We’ll put off the picnic until next week, when the weather may be better.Barbary was working in Aubury, where she went daily in a bus.(三)限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的情况
1．当先行词是everything, anything, nothing(something 除外), all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等不定代词修饰时。Have you taken down everything that Mr.Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.All that can be done has been done.。There is little that I can do for you.He stayed in the library and looked up any information that they needed.注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。
Any man that / who has a sense of duty won‟t do such a thing.All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people.2．当先行词被序数词修饰时。
The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.3．当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。This is the best film that I have ever seen.4．当先行词被the very, the only修饰时。This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owns.注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。
Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting.5．当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 6．当先行词为人与物时。
They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school 7.当关系代词在从句中作表语时。China is not the country that it was.(四)定语从句中只能用which 引导定语从句的情况 1.关系代词前有介词时。
This is the cage that / which Polly lives in.= This is the cage in which(where)Polly lives.2.先行词本身为 that.The clock is that which tells the time.3.在非限制性定语从句中。
His English, which used to be poor, is excellent now.六、如何判断关系代词和关系副词 方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。不及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系副词或者是介词加关系代词；而及物动词后接宾语，则要求用关系代词。This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.This is the mountain village _______I visited last year.(which or where)I will never forget the days _______ I spent in the countryside.(which or when)方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
1.Is this museum ___ you visited a few days ago?
A.where B.that
C.on which
D.the one 2.Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held? A.where
B.that
C.on which
D.the one
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、宾、定语时，选择关系代词(who, whom, that, which, whose)；
先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词(where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语)。
七、关系代词as和which 引导的定语从句
as 和which 引导非限制性定语从句时，其用法有相同之处，也有不同之处。具体情况是： 1.as 和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。如： He married her, as / which was natural.他跟她结婚了，这是很自然的事。He is honest, as / which we can see.他很诚实，这一点我们看得出来。
2.as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至还可以分割主句。which 引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后。另外，as 常常有“正如、正像”的含义。如： As is known to all, China is a developing country.He is from the south, as we can know from his accent.John, as you know, is a famous writer.Zhang Hua has been to Paris more than ten times, which I don‟t believe.注意：当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时，关系词往往只用which。如： Tom was late for school again and again, which made his teacher very angry.These tables are made of metal, which made them very heavy.1.当先行词受such, so, the same修饰时，关系词常用as。如： I‟ve never heard such stories as he tells.He is not such a fool as he looks.This is the same dictionary as I lost last week.注意：当先行词受the same 修饰时，偶尔也用 that引导定语从句，但与as引导的定语从句意思有区别。用that引导定语从句指同一物，而用as引导定语从句指同类事物。She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary‟s wedding.She wore the same dress as her younger sister wore.(三)以the way为先行词时，若定语从句中缺方式状语(in...way“以/用...的方法/方式)，定语从句通常由in which或that引导，而且还可以省略。若定语从句中缺主语或宾语，用that/which引导定语从句,作宾语时可以省略。
The way(that / in which)he answered the questions was surprising.We hate the way which/that were taught by our teacher.I don‟t like the way(that/which)he told me.做定语从句题一般分三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关联词。
定语从句专项练习
1.There are three bedrooms in the house,_____ is Mary's.A the smallest of which B the smaller of which C the smallest of them
D the smallest one 2.The Greens will move into the new house next Monday, _____ it will be completely finished.A by the time B by which time C by that time D by this time 3.Alice has a large collection of phone,_____ was taken in London.A none of them B no one of which C all of which D none of which 4.With the fast development of agriculture, the people ____ village I taught before lived a happy life.A who B whose C in whose D in which 5.There is a mountain ____ the top is always covered with snow.A whose B of which C it's D that 6.She may have missed her train, in ____ case she won't arrive for another hour.A what B that C which D this 7.There are two thousand students in our school,____ are girls.A two-thirds in which B two-thirds in them C two-thirds of them D of whom two thirds 8.I have bought two ballpens,_____ writes well.A neither of them B none of them C neither of which D none of which 9.These houses are sold at such a low price ________ people expected.A.like B.as C.that D.which 10.I've never heard so interesting a story ________ you told me.A.as B.that C.of which D.about which 11.I've seen the same film ________ you saw yesterday.A.that B.which C.as D.like 12.I'll buy the same coat ________ you wear.A.that B.which C.as D.like 13.He made another wonderful discovery, ________ of great importance to science.A.which I think is
B.which I think it is
C.which I think it
D.I think is 14.________ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A.It B.As C.That D.What 15.This is the first time ________ he has been here.A.that B.when C.at which D.which 16.I don't like ________ you speak to her.A.the way B.they way in that C.the way which D.the way of which 17．This is the best factory ____we visited last year.A.where B.which C.in which D.that 18.Is this the factory ____computers are built ? A.that B.which C.in which D.in that 19.please pass me the dictionary ____cover is red.A.whose B.its C.which D.which of 20.The man ____has arrived.A.whom I told you B.that I told you C.whom I told you about him D.I told you about 21.Do you know the comrade ____we are talking? A.to whom B.to who C.whom D.to that 22.They visited the house ___the great writer was born.A.from where B.in which C.which D.in where 23.The comrade ___is speaking at the meeting is my teacher.A.whom B.which C.who D.whose 24.He asked us to watch carefully everything ___he did in class.A.who B.that C.what D.where 25.I‟ll visit the professor tomorrow, ___he will be back from Shanghai.A.who B.that C.when D.which 26.The school ___I study is a new one.A.on which B.at where C.on that D.at which 27.China has many islands,____the largest is Taiwan.A.in which B.at which C.which D.of which 28.The city ____my mother grew up is not far from here.A.what B.where C.that D.which 29.Our teacher lives in the house ____door faces to the north.A.which B.his C.that D.whose 30.Do you know the man ___your father nodded ? A.whom B.to whom C.to who D.about whom 31.Wrestling is a sport in ___people easily get hurt.A.that B.when C.which D.what 32.I told you ____I know.A.all that B.all which C.all what D.all whom 33.China has a lot of famous writers ,one ___is Lu Xun.A.of which B.of whom C.of who D.of them 34.Is this factory ____we visited last year ? A.in which B.around that C.whom D.the one 35 Who is the man ____was there ? A.who B.which C.that D.whom 36.Is there anything ____I can do for you, sir ? A.that B.which C.whose D.who 37.I still remember the day ____she first wore that green dress.A.which B.in which C.on that D.on which 38.The games ____the young men competed in were difficult.A.in which B.which C.it D.who 39.It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..A.that
B.which
C.as
D.it 40.George Mallory was an English school teacher _____ loved climbing.A.who B.whom C.he D.which
点击咨询 