第一篇:英语词形变化规则
名词复数的规则变化
1)一般情况加–s:
map-maps boy-boys girl-girls pen-pens bag-bags
car-cars 2)以s, sh, ch, x等结尾加–es bus-buses watch-watches box-boxes brush-brushes 3)以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i再加es baby---babies city-cities country-countries 但以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数
monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 4)以o结尾的名词,变复数时: a.无生命的名词,加s,如:
photo---photos piano---pianos radio---radios zoo---zoos; b.有生命的生物的名词,加es,如: potato--potatoes
tomato--tomatoes c.上述a和b两种方法均可,如zero---zeros / zeroes。5)以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时: a.加s,如:
belief---beliefs roof---roofs safe---safes gulf---gulfs; b.去f,fe加ves,如:
half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves;
(一般现在时主语第三人称单数动词变化规则基本与名词复数变化规则相同)
名词复数的不规则变化
1)child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women 注意:由一个词加man或woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men和-women,如an Englishman,two Englishmen。但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans 2)单复同形,如deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese,li,jin,yuan等。但除人民币的元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:a dollar, two dollars;a meter, two meters。
3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。
例如:people police cattle等本身就是复数,不能说a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说a person,a policeman,a head of cattle.4)以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:
a.maths,politics,physics等学科名词,一般是不可数名词,为单数。b.news为不可数名词。
c.the United States,the United Nations应视为单数。The United Nations was organized in 1945.联合国是1945年组建起来的。d.以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。例如: “The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book.《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事书。
5)表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses(眼镜)trousers, clothes 等,若表达具体数目,要借助数量词pair(对,双);suit(套);a pair of glasses;two pairs of trousers等。
6)另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods
名词所有格
名词所有格的构成:
①一般情况(包括单数名词和不带词尾s的复数名词)加
’s
例如:the child’s bag 这个孩子的书包 children’s books 儿童用书
②带词尾s的复数名词只加省字撇(’)例如:girls’ school 女子学校
the smiths’ car 史密斯家的小汽车
带词尾s的单数,通常仍加’s,如the
boss’s
new
car
③带词尾s的人名,可加’s或只加省字撇(’)
例如:Dickens’ novels 狄更斯的小说 Charles’ job 查理斯的工作
不带词尾s,却以[s]结尾,一律加’s,如Marx’s 马克思的著作
④双重所有格:将’s与of 结合一起使用构成双重所有格。例如:a friend of my father’s 我父亲的一位朋友
a photo of mine 我的一张照片
注意:
①and连接的的并列名词的所有格要分两种情况,即表示各自的所有关系时,要分别在并列名词后加’s,表示共同的所有关系时,只在最后一个名词后加’s。
例:Tom’s and Jack’s room 汤姆和杰克(各自)的房间。Tom and Jack’s room 汤姆和杰克(共同)的房间。
②下列情况可以将 ’s 所有格中的名词省略。
a名词所有格所修饰的词, 如果前面已经提到,往往可以省略,以免重复。
例 This notebook is not mine, nor John’s, nor Peter’s.这个笔记本不是我的,也不是约翰和比特的。
The dictionary isn’t mine, but Jenny’s.这本词典不是我的,而是珍妮的。b名词所有格后面有指地点等的名词时, 有的在习惯上可以省略。
例 Before Christmas, there were lots of customers at the Richarsons’.the doctor’s(office)医生的诊所 my uncle’s(house)我叔叔的家
动词现在分词(即动词ing形式)动词现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成,其规则如下: 1)一般情况下直接加ing think---thinking sleep---sleeping study---studying speak---speaking carry---carrying say---saying 2)以不发音的字母e结尾的单词,去掉字母e,再加ing wake---waking make---making come---coming
take---taking leave---leaving have---having 特殊单词(see—seeing)
3)以重读闭音节结尾,呈现“辅,元,辅”结构的动词,先双写
末尾的辅音字母,再加ing。初中学过的这类词有:begin,cut, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid, 等。(visit 不是以重读闭音节结尾,不用双写)travel虽然重读第一音节,词尾音节不重读,但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母,然后再加ing,如:travel---travelling.4)以 y 结尾的动词 直接加 ing carry—— carrying enjoy——enjoying
5)以ie结尾的动词,把ie改为y,再加ing die---dying lie---lying 要特别注意有些动词没有进行时态。
1、表示状态、思想、感情和感觉的动词,如:see, hear, love, know, want, hope, think等,没有进行时态。
2、当have/has作为“拥有”时,没有进行时态,但表示“开会,吃饭,玩得高兴”等意思时,可以用进行时表达。
I am having many books.(这是错误的句子)
I am having a good time.(这 才是正确的句子)
动词ing形式的用法
1.正在进行时中,谓语动词后加ing.如:I'm playing football.2.一些特殊表达..如: be good at doing sth enjoy doing sth.be busy doing
feel like doing thank you for doing do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing
go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating
动词过去式变化规则及其读音规则
规则动词的过去式变化如下:
1、一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed,如:
work---worked play---played wanted----wanted act----acted
2、以不发音的-e 结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如: live---lived move----moved taste---tasted hope---hoped
3、以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如: study---studied copy---copied cry---cried carry---carried
4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed,如:
stop---stopped
5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。go – went make – made get – got buycame fly-flew
动词过去式
1.不规则变化(小学阶段常用的不规则动词):
am、is—was are—were do—did can—could will—would have—had go—went get—got say—said see—saw sit—sat eat—ate
learn—learnt
buy—bought bring—brought
make—made meet—met swim—swam take—took
teach—taught run—ran sing—sang
become—became come—came
write—wrote take—took tell—told ride—rode drink—drank
fly—flew sing—sang give—gave begin—began
blow—blew break—broke
find—found ring—rang wear—wore speak—spoke stand—stood
win—won draw—drew find—found catch—caught feel—felt
sweep—swept sleep—slept
study—studied
forget—forgot
hear—heard lie—lay
lose—lost
plan—planned
stop—stopped spend—spent think—thought
carry—carried
drop—dropped
drive—drove 2.过去式与原形一样的有:
cut—cut let—let shut—shut put—put
read—read
set—set hurt—hurt
must—must 3.规则变化:
look—looked visit—visited cook—cooked water—watered clean—cleaned watch—watched wash—washed play—played climb—climbed skate—skated ike—liked walk—walked plant—planted answer—answeredlisten—listened jump—jumped pick—picked count—counted collect—collected plant—planted wait—waited turn—turned dive—dived live—lived work—worked row—rowed learn—learned dance—danced
第二篇:英语词形变化规则
词形变化规则
一、名词复数规则
1.一般情况下,加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s.O.x.sh.ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives
5.不规则名词复数: man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-children foot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese
二、动词+s的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies
三、动词加ing的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking 2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting
3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping
四、动词过去式变化规则:
1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted
3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped 4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied 5.不规则动词过去式:
am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came,have-had,eat-ate, take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put, fly-flew, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam, sit-sat
五、比较级的规则
⑴一般在词尾加er ;⑵以字母e 结尾,加r ; ⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er ;
⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾,先把y变i,再加er。(5)不规则比较级:
good-better, beautiful-more beautiful
第三篇:2014版八年级英语词形变化总结
八年级英语词形变化 一
achieveachievement exciteexcitement developdevelopment improveimprovement
protectprotectionactaction
discussdiscussion inventinvention celebratecelebration organizeorganization helphelpful useuseful
homelesshopeless useless
八suddensuddenly
quietquietly traditiontraditional educationeducational 十
sleepasleep
livealivewakeawake
self-improvement
agreeagreement disagreedisagreement argueargument
amusement
二
fairfairness kindkindness illillness
happyhappiness busybusiness
darkness goodness
三
fairunfair usualunusual honestunhonest happyunhappy ableunable
expensiveinexpensive possibleimpossible politeimpolite 四
communicatecommunication pollutepollution inviteinvitation preparepreparation copetecompetitiondecidedecision 五
importantimportance independenceindependent differencedifferent confidenceconfident 六
meanmeaningmeaningfulmeaningless carecareful carelesscarefully
beautybeautifulbeautifully 七
1dangerdangerous 2buildbuilding
traintraining 3succeedsuccess
successfulsuccessfully 4luckluckyluckily
unluckyunluckily
5truetruthtruthful
truly
6peacepeaceful
thankthankful helphelpful colorcolorful hopehopeful seriousseriously clearclearly finalfinally realreally cheapcheaply mostmostly mainmainly heavyheavily
angryangrily happyhappily simplesimply
comfortablecomfortably terribleterribly possiblepossibly九
1createcreative 2dangerdangerous 3healthhealthy 4serveservice 5solvesolution 6weighweight 7weekweekly 8friendfriendly 10lovely
lively lonely
11typetypical
十一
tour science pianoviolinmagicmusicvisit十二
surprise exciteinterest relax bore move tire
afraid alone
alike同样的terrorist
touristscientistpianistviolinistmagicianmusicianvisitor surprisedsurprising excitedexciting interestedinteresting
第四篇:牛津小学英语4A词形变化
牛津小学英语4A词形变化
A:名词复数:
1.mango()2.photo()3.dress()
4.panda()5.kite()6.doll()
7.bus()8.key()9.toy()10.glass()B: 写出单数形式
1.books()2.puzzles()3.puppets()
4.shorts()5.bikes()6.words()
7.shoes()8.scarfs()9.gloves()10.cakes()C: 写出动词的第三人称单数形式。
1.have()2.like()3.look()
D: 写出对应词
1.this()2.I()3.her(E: 同音词
1.eye()2.by()3.know(4.right()5.four()6.their()
7.too()8.U()9.C()10.T(F: 物主代词或所有格
1.Helen()2.you()3.I(4.he()5.she()6.Nancy(G: 写出下列单词的反义词
1.yes()2.big()3.hot()
4.long()5.here()6.tall()
H: 写出下列词组的所略或者完全形式
it’sisn’tshe’swhere’sI’m
what’s=)))))
第五篇:词形变化
一.词形变化
1.go(反义词)
2.too(同音词)
3.far(反义词)
4.city(复数)
5.our(主格)
6.boy(对应词)
7.Shop(现在分词)
8.know(同音词)
9.youny(反义词)
10.country(复数)
11.call(过去式)
12.China(形容词)
13.here(反义词)
14.worry(形容词)
15.visit(名词)
16.laugh(反义词)
17.arrive(同义词)
18.bye(同音词)
19.I(宾格)
20.in(反义词)二.词形变化
1.go(单三式)
2.buy(同音词)
3.four(同音词)
4.love(同义词)
5.fun(形容词)
6.run(现分)
7.get to(同义)
8.buy(反义)
9.hard(反义)
10.sell(名词)
11.get(现分)
12.have to(同义词)
13.get on(反义词)14.where(同音词)
15.say(过去式)
16.stop(现分)17.one(序数词)
18.outside(反义词)
19.sheep(复数)20.much(比较级)
三.词形变化
1.come(过去式)
2.China(形容词)
3.cry(反义词)4.cheap(反义词)
5.fast(反义词)
6.big(比较级)7.tell(过去式)
8.family(复数)
9.make(过去式)10.plan(现分)
11.shop(动名词)
12.hard(反义词)13.fun(形容词)
14.visit(名词)
15.sell(名词)16.child(复数)
17.worry(形容词)
18.many(比较级)19.buy(过去式)
20.slow(比较级)四.词形变化
1.new(最高级)
2.hear(同音词)
3.meet(同音词)
4.come(过去式)
5.hungry(反义词)
6.interest(形容词)
7.buy(过去式)
8.make(过去式)
9.man(复数)
10.fun(形容词)
11.finally(同义词)
12.stop(现分)
13.woman(复数)
14.young(反义词)
15.meat(同音词)
16.have(单三式)
17.like(同义词)
18.hungry(反义词)
19.China(形容词)
20.here(同音词)五.词形变化
1.baby(复数)
2.quiet(副词)
3.laugh(反义词)
4.play(单三式)
5.have(单三式)
6.fun(形容词)
7.quiet(反义词)
8.there(同音词)
9.wear(同音词)
11.quick(副词)
12.slow(副词)
13.woman(复数)14.man(复数)
15.radio(复数)
16.nine(序数词)17.interesting(名词)
18.drive(名词)
19.fast(同义词)
20..after(反义词)六.词形变化
1.loudly(形容词)
2.easy(反义词)
3.poor(反义词)
4.box(复数)
5.worry(形容词)
6.fun(形容词)
7.child(复数)
8.slow(副词)
9.fly(单三式)10.loud(副词)
11.hard(反义词)
12.happy(副词)
13.children(单数)
14.boy(复数)
15.beautiful(比较级)
16.sun(形容词)
17.picture(同义词)
18.careful(反义词)
19.break(形容词)
20..hear(同音词)七.词形变化
1.big(比较级)
2.city(复数)
3.beautiful(最高级)
4.left(反义词)
5.photo(同义词)
6.near(反义词)
7.five(序数词)
8.write(同音词)
9.happy(反义词)
10.top(反义词)
11.wrong(反义词)
12.put(现分)
13.bus(复数)
14.child(复数)
15.baby(复数)
16.picture(同义词)
17.right(同音词)
18.take(反义词)
19.walk(同义词)
20.foot(复数)
八.词形变化
1.unhappy(反义词)
2.left(反义词)
3.hour(同音词)
4.get on(反义词)
5.stop(现分)
6.Chinese(名词)
7.sun(形容词)
8.five(序数词)
9.up(反义词)
10.right(同音词)
11.go(反义词)
12.too(同音词)
13.far(反义词)
14.city(复数)
15.our(主格)
16.boy(对应词)
17.Shop(现在分词)
18.know(同音词)
19.youny(反义词)20.country(复数)九.词形变化
1.bring(反义词)
2.did(原形)
3.shop(过去式)4.buy(过去式)
5.expensive(反义词)
6.I(反身代词)7.arrive home(同义词)
8.have(过去式)
9.she(宾格)10.have(过去式)
11.one(序数词)
12.three(序数词)13.shop(动名词)
14.beautiful(比较级)
15.see(过去式)16.happy(副词)
17.fun(形容词)
18.go(过去式)19.true(副词)
20.over(同义词)十.词形变化
1.one(序数词)
2.above(反义词)
3.right(反义词)
4.wonder(形容词)
5.worry(形容词)
6.busy(副词)
7.write(同音词)
8.put(过去式)
9.receive(反义词)
10.fun(形容词)
11.good(最高级)
12.picture(同义词)
13.break(形容词)
14.you(反身代词)
15.China(形容词)
16.Three(序数词)
17.beautiful(比较级)
18.happy(副词)
19.catch(过去时)
20.teach(过去时)